AU2020415040B2 - Tank system and ship - Google Patents
Tank system and ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2020415040B2 AU2020415040B2 AU2020415040A AU2020415040A AU2020415040B2 AU 2020415040 B2 AU2020415040 B2 AU 2020415040B2 AU 2020415040 A AU2020415040 A AU 2020415040A AU 2020415040 A AU2020415040 A AU 2020415040A AU 2020415040 B2 AU2020415040 B2 AU 2020415040B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- tank
- pressure
- carbon dioxide
- liquefied carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 283
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B2025/087—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising self-contained tanks installed in the ship structure as separate units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/0126—One vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0626—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0689—Methods for controlling or regulating
- F17C2250/0694—Methods for controlling or regulating with calculations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
A tank system comprises a tank, a loading pipe, and a pipe pressure resistance part. The tank holds liquefied carbon dioxide. The loading pipe extends in a vertical direction, and a bottom end thereof opens into the tank. The loading pipe discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide, which is supplied from the exterior, into the tank from the bottom end. The pipe pressure resistance part is provided closer to the bottom end of the loading pipe than a pipe top part located at the highest point of the loading pipe. The pipe pressure resistance part produces pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the loading pipe.
Description
Title of Invention
Technical Field
[0001]
The present disclosure relates to a tank system and a
ship.
This application claims the right of priority based on
Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-231720 filed with the
Japan Patent Office on December 22, 2019, the content of
which is incorporated herein by reference.
Background Art
[0002]
PTL 1 discloses loading a liquefied gas such as LNG
(Liquefied Natural Gas) into a tank through a gas loading
pipe system.
Citation List
Patent Literature
[0003]
[PTL 1] Japanese Patent No. 5769445
Summary of Invention
Technical Problem
[0004]
Incidentally, there is a demand for carrying liquefied
carbon dioxide by using a tank as in PTL 1. In the liquefied
carbon dioxide, the pressure of a triple point (hereinafter
referred to as triple point pressure) at which a gas phase,
a liquid phase, and a solid phase coexist is higher than
the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG. Therefore, the
triple point pressure becomes close to the operating
pressure of the tank. In a case where the liquefied carbon
dioxide is contained in the tank, for the following reasons,
there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide
may be solidified to generate dry ice.
[00051
In the tank containing the liquefied gas as in PTL 1,
there is a case where a lower end of a loading pipe, which
is open in the tank, is disposed at a lower portion in the
tank. With such disposition, the vicinity of the opening
of the loading pipe is pressurized with an increase in
liquid head. Therefore, flash evaporation of the liquefied
gas discharged from the opening of the loading pipe can be
suppressed. However, in a pipe top portion disposed at the
highest position of the loading pipe, the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide inside is reduced by the amount
corresponds to the height difference between the pipe lower
end and the pipe top portion with respect to the pressure
of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the pipe lower end.
As a result, depending on the tank operating pressure,
the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes equal
to or lower than the triple point pressure in the pipe top
portion of the loading pipe where the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide becomes the lowest, or the
liquefied carbon dioxide evaporates, and due to the
evaporation latent heat thereof, the temperature of the
liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating is
lowered, so that there is a possibility that the liquefied
carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.
Then, in this manner, if dry ice is generated in the
loading pipe, the flow of the liquefied carbon dioxide in
the loading pipe is obstructed, so that there is a
possibility that the operation of the tank may be affected.
[00061
Preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to
provide a tank system and a ship, in which it is possible
to suppress the generation of dry ice in a loading pipe and
smoothly perform the operation of a tank.
[0007]
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention,
there is provided a tank system comprising: a tank that
contains liquefied carbon dioxide therein; a loading pipe
extending in a vertical direction, having a lower end that
is open into the tank, and through which liquefied carbon dioxide that is supplied from an outside of the tank is fed from the lower end into the tank; and a pipe pressure resistance part that is provided close to the lower end with respect to a pipe top portion that is located at a highest position in the loading pipe, and generating a pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the loading pipe, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part generates a pressure loss that is determined such that a value obtained by subtracting a pressure corresponding to a height difference between a liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the pipe top portion from a value obtained by adding the pressure loss that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part to a tank operating pressure exceeds a setting pressure lower limit value obtained by adding a safety margin value to a triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide.
[0007A]
In accordance with another aspect of the invention,
there is provided a ship comprising: a hull; and the tank
system as described herein, which is provided in the hull.
[00081
A ship according to the present disclosure includes a
hull, and the tank system as described above, which is
provided in the hull.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[00091
According to the tank system and the ship of the
present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the
generation of dry ice in the loading pipe and smoothly
perform the operation of the tank.
Brief Description of Drawings
[0010]
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration
of a ship in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a tank system provided
in a ship according to a first embodiment of the present
disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure
resistance part provided in the tank system according to
the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure
resistance part according to a modification example of the
first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure
resistance part according to a modification example of the
first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a tank system provided
in a ship according to a second embodiment of the present
disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a tank system provided in a ship according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure
resistance part provided in the tank system according to
the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration
of a control device provided in the tank system according
to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of the control
device provided in the tank system according to the third
embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure for opening
degree adjustment processing of a control valve in the
control device provided in the tank system according to the
third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of Embodiments
[0011]
<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a tank system and a ship according to an
embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with
reference to Figs. 1 to 3.
(Hull Composition of Ship)
As shown in Fig. 1, a ship 1A of an embodiment of the
present disclosure carries liquefied carbon dioxide or
various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide.
The ship 1A includes at least a hull 2 and a tank system
[0012]
(Configuration of Hull)
The hull 2 has a pair of broadsides 3A and 3B forming
an outer shell thereof, a ship bottom (not shown), and an
upper deck 5. The broadsides 3A and 3B are provided with a
pair of broadside outer plates forming the left and right
broadsides respectively. The ship bottom (not shown) is
provided with a ship bottom outer plate connecting the
broadsides 3A and 3B. Due to the pair of broadsides 3A and
3B and the ship bottom (not shown), the outer shell of the
hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross-section orthogonal to a bow
stern direction Da. The upper deck 5 is an all-deck that
is exposed to the outside. In the hull 2, a superstructure
7 having an accommodation space is formed on the upper deck
on the stern 2b side.
[0013]
In the hull 2, a tank system storage compartment (a
hold) 8 is formed on the bow 2a side with respect to the
superstructure (the accommodation space) 7. The tank system
storage compartment 8 is a closed compartment that is
recessed toward the ship bottom (not shown) below the upper
deck 5 and protrudes upward or has the upper deck 5 as a
ceiling.
[00141
(Composition of Tank System)
As shown in Fig. 2, the tank system 20A includes a
tank 21, a loading pipe 25, and a pipe pressure resistance
part 30A.
[0015]
(Configuration of Tank)
As shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of tanks 21 are
provided in the tank system storage compartment 8. In this
embodiment, for example, a total of seven tanks 21 are
provided in the tank system storage compartment 8. The
layout and the number of tanks 21 installed in the tank
system storage compartment 8 are not limited in any way.
In this embodiment, each tank 21 has, for example, a
cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction
(specifically, the bow-stern direction). The tank 21
contains liquefied carbon dioxide L inside.
The tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and
the tank 21 may be a spherical shape or the like.
[0016]
(Configuration of Loading Pipe)
As shown in Fig. 2, the loading pipe 25 loads the
liquefied carbon dioxide L, which is supplied from the
outside such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility
on land or a bunker ship, into the tank 21. The loading pipe 25 in this embodiment is inserted into the tank 21 by penetrating the upper portion of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21. The loading pipe 25 extends in an up-down direction Dv in the tank 21. A lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is open in the tank 21. The loading pipe 25 discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside into the tank 21 from the lower end 25b. In the loading pipe 25, a pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position is disposed outside the tank 21.
[0017]
The lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is disposed
in the vicinity of a bottom portion of the tank 21. The
vicinity of the bottom portion is a position closer to the
bottom portion than the center of the tank 21 in the up
down direction Dv. Fig. 2 illustrates a situation in which
the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is submerged in
the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21.
Further, in Fig. 2, the lower end 25b is open downward.
However, the opening direction thereof is not limited to
the downward direction.
[0018]
(Configuration of Pipe Pressure Resistance Part)
The pipe pressure resistance part 30A acts as a pipe
pressure resistance on the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25. The pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t which is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25. In this embodiment, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
However, there is no limitation to the lower end 25b. As
shown in Fig. 3, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A has
a flow opening portion 30a through which the liquefied
carbon dioxide L flows. The flow opening portion 30a has
an opening area A2 smaller than a flow path cross-sectional
area Al in the loading pipe 25.
[0019]
In this embodiment, the pipe pressure resistance part
A is configured using an orifice 31. The orifice 31 is
mounted to the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25. The
orifice 31 includes a plate portion 31a provided so as to
close the opening of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe
, and a through-hole 31b formed in the plate portion 31a.
The through-hole 31b forms the flow opening portion 30a.
The through-hole 31b is formed to penetrate in a plate
thickness direction of the plate portion 31a (a pipe axis
direction at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25). In
this embodiment, only one through-hole 31b is formed in the
central portion of the plate portion 31a.
[00201
A pressure Pc in the pipe top portion 25t of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe
having the pipe pressure resistance part 30A provided at
the lower end 25b has a value obtained by subtracting a
pressure corresponding to the height difference between the
liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank
21 and the pipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by
adding a pressure loss AP that is generated by the pipe
pressure resistance part to a tank operating pressure Pt.
However, in a case where the dynamic pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe
is significant, it is necessary to consider the influence
thereof.
[0021]
In order to prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L
from falling below the triple point pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of
the loading pipe 25, the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t needs to exceed a
setting pressure lower limit value Ps of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L set in advance, as in the following
expression (1).
Pc > Ps ... (1)
Here, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps can be a value obtained by adding a safety margin value to the triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide
[0022]
In the pipe pressure resistance part 30A (the orifice
31), the opening area A2 of the flow opening portion 30a is
set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the above
expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the generated
pressure loss AP increases the pressure Pc in the pipe top
portion 25t.
[0023]
(Specific Study Example)
Here, for example, the operating pressure of the tank
21 is set to be 580 [kPa(G)], the density p of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L is set to be 1150 [kg/m 3 ], a liquid level
height Hi of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21
is set to be 0 [m], and a height H2 of the pipe top portion
t of the loading pipe 25 from a tank bottom surface 21b
is set to be 30 [m]. Then, the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading
pipe 25 in a state of having no pipe pressure resistance
part 30A becomes 242 [kPa(G)]. The triple point pressure
of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is 417 [kPa(G)], and
therefore, in a state where the pipe pressure resistance
part 30A is not provided, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure, and thus there is a possibility that dry ice may be generated.
In contrast, in the loading pipe 25 provided with the
pipe pressure resistance part 30A, the pressure loss AP is
generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A so as to
satisfy the above expression (1), and the pressure Pc of
the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t
always exceeds the setting pressure lower limit value Ps,
and can sufficiently exceed the triple point pressure.
[00241
(Operation and Effects)
The tank system 20A of the first embodiment includes
the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure
resistance part 30A. The pipe pressure resistance part 30A
is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the
pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position
in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure resistance
part 30A, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L
flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the
amount corresponding to the pressure loss AP, and the
pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained
from approaching the triple point pressure. In this way,
it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
[0025]
In the tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30A generates the pressure
loss AP satisfying the above expression (1).
Therefore, according to the tank system 20A of the
embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss AP according to
the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading
pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part
A to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L. In this way, the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting
pressure lower limit value Ps set according to the triple
point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
entire area in the loading pipe 25. In this way, it is
possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the
loading pipe 25.
[0026]
In the tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
Therefore, according to the tank system 20A of the
embodiment, due to the pipe pressure resistance part 30A
provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, the
generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed.
Further, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A can be
additionally provided even with respect to the lower end
b of the loading pipe 25 of the existing tank system 20A.
[00271
In the tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30A (the orifice 31) has the
flow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A2
smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area Al in the
loading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon
dioxide L flows.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30A as described
above has a simple configuration having the flow opening
portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation
of dry ice in liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
[0028]
The ship 1A of the first embodiment includes the hull
2 and the tank system 20A provided in the hull 2.
Therefore, according to the ship 1A of the embodiment,
it is possible to provide the ship 1A provided with the tank
system 20A in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
[00291
<Modification Examples>
In the first embodiment, a configuration is made in
which the orifice 31 is provided as the pipe pressure
resistance part 30A. However, there is no limitation
thereto.
For example, as shown in Fig. 4, a perforated plate 32
may be provided as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
The perforated plate 32 is mounted to the lower end 25b of
the loading pipe 25. The perforated plate 32 includes a
plate portion 32a provided so as to close the opening of
the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and a plurality
of (many) through-holes 32b formed in the plate portion 32a.
Each of the through-holes 32b penetrates in the plate
thickness direction of the plate portion 32a. The flow
opening portion 30a is configured by the plurality of
through-holes 32b. In the flow opening portion 30a, a total
opening area A3 of the plurality of through-holes 32b is
smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area Al in the
loading pipe 25.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30A using the
perforated plate 32 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss AP.
[00301
Further, as shown in Fig. 5, a flap 33 may be provided
as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A. The flap 33 is
mounted on the inside of the lower end 25b of the loading
pipe 25. The flap 33 has a plate shape and is provided to
be inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to a pipe
axis direction Dp at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe
25. The flap 33 is provided to have a gap 33b between an
outer peripheral edge 33a thereof and an inner peripheral
surface 25f of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
The gap 33b between the outer peripheral edge 33a of the
flap 33 and the inner peripheral surface 25f of the loading
pipe 25 forms the flow opening portion 30a. An opening area
A4 of the gap 33b forming the flow opening portion 30a is
smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area Al in the
loading pipe 25.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30A using the flap
33 as described above can increase the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe
by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss AP.
[0031]
<Second Embodiment>
Next, a tank system and a ship according to a second
embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with
reference to Fig. 6. In the second embodiment of the present
disclosure that is described below, only the position of a
pipe pressure resistance part 30B is different from that in
the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and
therefore, the same portions as those in the first
embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals,
and overlapping description will be omitted.
(Hull Composition of Ship)
As shown in Fig. 1, a ship 1B of this embodiment
carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases
including liquefied carbon dioxide. The ship 1B includes
at least the hull 2 and a tank system 20B.
[00321
(Composition of Tank System)
As shown in Fig. 6, the tank system 20B includes the
tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B.
[00331
(Configuration of Pipe Pressure Resistance Part)
The pipe pressure resistance part 30B can increase the
pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through
the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the
pressure loss. The pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25. In the second embodiment, the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided between the pipe top portion 25t and the lower end 25b of the loading pipe
25. The pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a
position higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe
25.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30B is formed using
one of the orifice 31 (refer to Fig. 3), the perforated
plate 32 (refer to Fig. 4), and the flap 33 (refer to Fig.
) shown in the first embodiment. The pipe pressure
resistance part 30B is provided such that the generated
pressure loss AP satisfies the condition expressed by the
above expression (1).
[00341
Further, in a case where the pipe pressure resistance
part 30B is provided at a position higher than the lower
end 25b of the loading pipe 25, it is necessary to prevent
the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has
passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B from
falling below the triple point pressure on the lower side
(the lower end 25b side) of the pipe pressure resistance
part 30B.
Therefore, in a case where the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a height H [mm] from the tank bottom surface 21b of the tank 21, it is necessary to make the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the height H of the pipe pressure resistance part 30B exceed the setting pressure lower limit value Ps.
[0035]
The height H [mm] from the tank bottom surface 21b
where the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is installed is
limited such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L passing through the pipe pressure resistance part
B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in
consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height
difference between the height H and the liquid level height
Hi of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21.
[0036]
(Operation and Effects)
The tank system 20B of the second embodiment includes
the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B. The pipe pressure resistance part 30B
is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the
pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position
in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure resistance
part 30B, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L
flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss AP, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
[00371
In the tank system 20B of the second embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30B generates the pressure
loss AP satisfying the above expression (1).
Therefore, according to the tank system 20B of the
embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss AP according to
the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading
pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part
B to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
[00381
In the tank system 20B of the second embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30B is higher than the lower
end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and the height H [mm] thereof
from the tank bottom surface 21b of the tank 21 is limited
such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part
B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in
consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height
difference between the height H from the tank bottom surface
21b and the liquid level height Hi of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L in the tank 21.
Therefore, according to the tank system 20B of the
embodiment, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L
becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower
limit value Ps on the lower side (the lower end 25b side)
with respect to the pipe pressure resistance part 30B. In
this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry
ice due to the occurrence of a pressure drop of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B.
[00391
The ship 1B of the second embodiment includes the hull
2 and the tank system 20B provided in the hull 2.
Therefore, according to the ship 1B of the second
embodiment, it is possible to provide the ship 1B provided
with the tank system 20B in which in a case where the
liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the
generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed
and the operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
[0040]
[Third Embodiment]
Next, a tank system and a ship according to a third
embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with
reference to Figs. 7 to 11. In the third embodiment of the
present disclosure that is described below, only the
configuration of a pipe pressure resistance part 30C is
different from those in the first and second embodiments of
the present disclosure, and therefore, the same portions as
those in the first and second embodiments will be denoted
by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description
will be omitted.
(Hull Composition of Ship)
As shown in Fig. 1, a ship 1C of this embodiment
carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases
including liquefied carbon dioxide. The ship 1C includes
at least the hull 2 and a tank system 20C.
[0041]
(Composition of Tank System)
As shown in Fig. 7, the tank system 20C includes the
tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and a pipe pressure resistance
part 30C.
[0042]
(Configuration of Pipe Pressure Resistance Part)
The pipe pressure resistance part 30C can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss. In this embodiment, the pipe pressure resistance part 30C includes a control valve 35 and a control device 60.
[0043]
The control valve 35 of the pipe pressure resistance
part 30C is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect
to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest
position in the loading pipe 25. In the third embodiment,
the control valve 35 is provided at the lower end 25b of
the loading pipe 25. The control valve 35 may be provided
at a position higher than the lower end 25b of the loading
pipe 25, as in the second embodiment.
[0044]
The control valve 35 shown in Fig. 8 makes an opening
area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a variable. The
control valve 35 has a valve body 35a rotatably provided in
the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
loading pipe 25. The valve body 35a opens and closes the
flow path in the loading pipe 25 by rotating around a valve
shaft. The valve body 35a increases or decreases a gap 35b
formed between the valve body 35a and the inner peripheral
surface 25f of the loading pipe 25 by adjusting the opening
degree around the valve shaft. The gap 35b between the valve body 35a and the inner peripheral surface 25f of the loading pipe 25 forms the flow opening portion 30a. The opening area A5 of the gap 35b forming the flow opening portion 30a is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area Al in the loading pipe 25. As the control valve 35, it is preferable to use a submersible low-temperature resistant valve that can operate even in the liquefied carbon dioxide L having a low-temperature.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30C using the
control valve 35 as described above can increase the
pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through
the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the
pressure loss AP.
[0045]
In the control valve 35 of the pipe pressure resistance
part 30C, the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion
a is set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the
above expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the
generated pressure loss AP increases the pressure Pc in the
pipe top portion 25t.
[0046]
(Configuration of Control Device)
The control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of
the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35. In
order to adjust the opening degree of the control valve 35 by the control device 60, the tank system 20C includes a tank internal pressure sensor 51 and a pipe top portion pressure sensor 52. The tank internal pressure sensor 51 detects the internal pressure of the tank 21. The pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t.
[0047]
(Hardware Configuration Diagram of Control Device)
As shown in Fig. 9, the control device 60 is a computer
that includes a CPU 61 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 62
(Read Only Memory), a RAM 63 (Random Access Memory), an HDD
64 (Hard Disk Drive), and a signal receiving module 65. The
signal receiving module 65 receives the detection signals
from the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe top
portion pressure sensor 52.
[0048]
(Functional Block Diagram of Control Device)
As shown in Fig. 10, the CPU 61 of the control device
executes a program stored in the HDD 64, the ROM 62, or
the like in advance to realize a functional configuration
of each of a signal receiving unit 71, an opening degree
control unit 72, and a command signal output unit 73.
The signal receiving unit 71 receives the detection
signals from the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the
pipe top portion pressure sensor 52, that is, the data of the detection value of the internal pressure of the tank 21 in the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t, through the signal receiving module 65.
The opening degree control unit 72 executes control
for adjusting the opening degree of the control valve 35,
based on the detection value in the pipe top portion
pressure sensor 52.
The command signal output unit 73 outputs a command
signal for changing the opening degree of the control valve
to the control valve 35 under the control of the opening
degree control unit 72.
[0049]
(Processing Procedure)
Next, a procedure for adjusting the opening degree of
the control valve 35 by the control device 60 in the tank
system 20C will be described.
As shown in Fig. 11, the signal receiving unit 71 of
the control device 60 receives the data of the detection
value of the internal pressure (the operating pressure Pt)
of the tank 21 in the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and
the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t from the tank
internal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 at time intervals set in advance (step
Si).
[00501
Subsequently, the opening degree control unit 72
determines whether or not the pressure Pc of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t received in
step S1 is lower than a threshold value set in advance (for
example, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps) (step
S2). As a result, if the pressure Pc of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t is not lower
than the threshold value, the processing returns to step S1.
[0051]
In step S2, in a case where the pressure Pc of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t is
lower than the threshold value, that is, in a case where
the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
pipe top portion 25t is lower than the setting pressure
lower limit value Ps, the opening degree control unit 72
reduces the opening degree of the control valve 35 (step
S3). To this end, the opening degree control unit 72 outputs
a command signal for reducing the opening degree of the
valve body 35a by a predetermined angle to the control valve
through the command signal output unit 73. After
outputting the command signal, the control device 60 ends
the processing and returns to step S1.
[00521
(Operation and Effects)
The tank system 20C of the above embodiment includes
the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure
resistance part 30C. Further, the pipe pressure resistance
part 30C is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect
to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest
position in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure
resistance part 30C, the pressure of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased
by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss AP, and
the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is
restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As
a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is
contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly
perform the operation of the tank 21.
[00531
In the tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30C generates the pressure
loss AP satisfying the above expression (1).
Therefore, according to the tank system 20C of the
embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss AP according to
the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading
pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part
C to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
[00541
In the tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30C has the flow opening
portion 30a which has the opening area A5 smaller than the
flow path cross-sectional area Al in the loading pipe 25
and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
The pipe pressure resistance part 30C as described
above has a simple configuration having the flow opening
portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation
of dry ice in the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
[00551
In the tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the
pipe pressure resistance part 30C includes the control valve
that makes the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion
a variable, and the control device 60 that adjusts the
opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the
control valve 35.
Therefore, according to the tank system 20C of the
embodiment, the pressure loss AP that is generated by the
pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by
adjusting the opening degree of the flow opening portion a in the control valve 35 by the control device 60. In this way, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss AP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating condition or the like of the tank system 20C.
[00561
The tank system 20C of the above embodiment further
includes the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 that
detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L
in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25, and the
control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the control
valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe top
portion pressure sensor 52.
Therefore, according to the tank system 20C of the
embodiment, the pressure loss AP that increases the pressure
of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the
loading pipe 25 can be adjusted at the pipe pressure
resistance part 30C according to the pressure Pc of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t
detected by the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the
pressure loss AP that increases the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L such that the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t does
not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps.
[00571
The ship 1C of the above embodiment includes the hull
2 and the tank system 20C provided in the hull 2.
Therefore, according to the ship 1C of the embodiment,
it is possible to provide the ship 1C provided with the tank
system 20C in which in a case where the liquefied carbon
dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the generation of
dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the
operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
[00581
<Other Embodiments>
The embodiments of the present disclosure have been
described in detail above with reference to the drawings.
However, the specific configurations are not limited to the
embodiments, and also include design changes or the like
within a scope which does not deviate from the gist of the
present disclosure.
In the embodiments described above, a configuration is
made in which the tank 21 is provided in the tank system
storage compartment 8 formed in the hull 2. However, there
is no limitation thereto, and for example, the tank 21 is
provided on the upper deck 5.
Further, in the embodiments described above, the tank
21 is provided in the ship 1A, 1B, or 1C. However, there
is no limitation thereto, and, for example, the tank 21 may be installed in a place other than the ships 1A to 1C, for example, on land or in marine facility, or in a vehicle such as a tank lorry.
[00591
<Additional Remark>
The tank systems 20A, 20B, and 20C and the ships 1A to
1C described in the embodiment are grasped as follows, for
example.
[00601
(1) The tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C according to a
first aspect includes the tank 21 that contains the
liquefied carbon dioxide L therein, the loading pipe 25 that
extends in the up-down direction Dv, has the lower end 25b
that is open into the tank 21, and discharges the liquefied
carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside, from
the lower end 25b into the tank 21, and the pipe pressure
resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C that is provided on the
lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t
that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe
, and generates the pressure loss AP in the liquefied
carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25.
As an example of the pipe pressure resistance part 30A,
B, or 30C, there is the orifice 31, the perforated plate
32, or the flap 33.
[00611
In the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C, due to the pipe
pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C, the pressure of
the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading
pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the
pressure loss AP. The pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe
is increased, so that the pressure Pc of the liquefied
carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple
point pressure. In this way, it is possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25. As a
result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is
contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly
perform the operation of the tank 21.
[0062]
(2) In the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C according to
a second aspect, in the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C of the
above (1), the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or
C generates the pressure loss AP that is determined such
that a value obtained by subtracting a pressure
corresponding to the height difference between the liquid
level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 and
the pipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by adding
the pressure loss AP that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C to the tank operating pressure Pt exceeds the setting pressure lower limit value
Ps obtained by adding a safety margin value to the triple
point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
[00631
In this way, an appropriate pressure loss AP according
to the height of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading
pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part
A, 30B, or 30C to be able to increase the pressure Pc of
the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, the pressure
Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25
becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower
limit value Ps that is set according to the triple point
pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way,
it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to
solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
loading pipe 25.
[0064]
(3) In the tank system 20A or 20C according to a third
aspect, in the tank system 20A or 20C of the above (2), the
pipe pressure resistance part 30A or 30C is provided at the
lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
[00651
In this way, due to the pipe pressure resistance part
A or 30C provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe
, the generation of dry ice due to the solidification of
the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25 is
suppressed. Further, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A
or 30C can be additionally provided even with respect to
the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 of the existing
tank system.
[00661
(4) In the tank system 20B according to a fourth aspect,
in the tank system 20B of the above (2), the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B is higher than the lower end 25b of the
loading pipe 25, and the height H thereof from the tank
bottom surface 21b of the tank 21 is provided such that the
pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed
through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B does not fall
below the triple point pressure value.
[0067]
In this way, in a case where the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B is installed at a position higher than
the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 and lower than the
pipe top portion 25t, the pressure of the liquefied carbon
dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting
pressure lower limit value Ps even on the lower side (the
lower end 25b side) with respect to the pipe pressure
resistance part 30B. In this way, it is possible to suppress
the generation of dry ice due to the occurrence of a pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B on the lower side with respect to the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
[00681
(5) In the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C according to
a fifth aspect, in the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C of any
one of the above (1) to (4), the pipe pressure resistance
part 30A, 30B, or 30C has the flow opening portion 30a which
has the opening area A2, A3, A4, or A5 smaller than the flow
path cross-sectional area Al in the loading pipe 25 and
through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
[00691
The pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C has
a simple configuration having the flow opening portion 30a,
and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in
the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
[0070]
(6) In the tank system 20C according to a sixth aspect,
in the tank system 20C of the above (5), the pipe pressure
resistance part 30C includes the control valve 35 that makes
the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a variable,
and the control device 60 that adjusts the opening degree
of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35.
[0071]
In this way, the pressure loss AP that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow opening portion a in the control valve 35 by the control device 60.
Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the
pressure loss AP that increases the pressure of the
liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating
condition or the like of the tank system 20C.
[00721
(7) In the tank system 20C according to a seventh
aspect, the tank system 20C of the above (6) further
includes the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 that
detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L
in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25, in which
the control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the
control valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe
top portion pressure sensor 52.
[0073]
In this way, the pressure loss AP that is generated by
the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted
according to the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide
L in the pipe top portion 25t detected by the pipe top
portion pressure sensor 52. Therefore, it becomes possible
to appropriately adjust the pressure loss AP that increases
the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L such that
the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t does not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps.
[0074]
(8) The ship 1A. 1B, or 1C according to an eighth
aspect includes the hull 2, and the tank system 20A, 20B,
or 20C of any one of the above (1) to (7), which is provided
in the hull 2.
[0075]
In this way, it becomes possible to provide the ship
1A, 1B, or 1C provided with the tank system 20A, 20B, or
C in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L
is contained in the tank 21, the generation of dry ice in
the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of the
tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
Industrial Applicability
[0076]
According to the present disclosure, it is possible to
suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe and
smoothly perform the operation of the tank.
Reference Signs List
[0077]
The reference in this specification to any prior
publication (or information derived from it), or to any
matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an
acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.
[0078]
Throughout this specification and the claims which
follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word
"comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and
"comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of
a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but
not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of
integers or steps.
[0079]
While various embodiments of the present invention
have been described above, it should be understood that they
have been presented by way of example only, and not by way
of limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in
the relevant art that various changes in form and detail
can be made therein without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should
not be limited by any of the above described exemplary
embodiments.
[0080]
1A, 1B, 1C: ship
2: hull
2a: bow
2b: stern
3A, 3B: broadside
: upper deck
7: superstructure
8: tank system storage compartment
A, 20B, 20C: tank system
21: tank
21b: tank bottom surface
: loading pipe
b: lower end
f: inner peripheral surface
t: pipe top portion
A, 30B, 30C: pipe pressure resistance part
a: flow opening portion
31: orifice
31a: plate portion
31b: through-hole
32: perforated plate
32a: plate portion
32b: through-hole
33: flap
33a: outer peripheral edge
33b: gap
: control valve
a: valve body
35b: gap
51: tank internal pressure sensor
52: pipe top portion pressure sensor
60: control device
61: CPU
62: ROM
63: RAM
64: HDD
65: signal receiving module
71: signal receiving unit
72: opening degree control unit
73: command signal output unit
Al: flow path cross-sectional area
A2, A3, A4, A5: opening area
Da: bow-stern direction
Dp: pipe axis direction
Dv: up-down direction
H: height of pipe pressure resistance part from tank
bottom surface
Hi: liquid level height of liquefied carbon dioxide in
tank
H2: height of pipe top portion of loading pipe from
tank bottom surface
L: liquefied carbon dioxide
AP: pressure loss
Pc: pressure
Ps: setting pressure lower limit value
Pt: operating pressure
Claims (7)
- THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:[Claim 1]A tank system comprising:a tank that contains liquefied carbon dioxide therein;a loading pipe extending in a vertical direction,having a lower end that is open into the tank, and throughwhich liquefied carbon dioxide that is supplied from anoutside of the tank is fed from the lower end into the tank;anda pipe pressure resistance part that is provided closeto the lower end with respect to a pipe top portion that islocated at a highest position in the loading pipe, andgenerating a pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxideflowing through the loading pipe,wherein the pipe pressure resistance part generates apressure loss that is determined such that a value obtainedby subtracting a pressure corresponding to a heightdifference between a liquid level of the liquefied carbondioxide in the tank and the pipe top portion from a valueobtained by adding the pressure loss that is generated bythe pipe pressure resistance part to a tank operatingpressure exceeds a setting pressure lower limit valueobtained by adding a safety margin value to a triple pointpressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide.
- [Claim 2]The tank system according to claim 1, wherein the pipepressure resistance part is provided at the lower end ofthe loading pipe.
- [Claim 3]The tank system according to claim 1, wherein the pipepressure resistance part is higher than the lower end ofthe loading pipe, and a height thereof from a tank bottomsurface of the tank is provided such that a pressure of theliquefied carbon dioxide that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part does not fall below the triplepoint pressure value.
- [Claim 4]The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,wherein the pipe pressure resistance part has a flow openingportion which has an opening area smaller than a flow pathcross-sectional area in the loading pipe and through whichthe liquefied carbon dioxide flows.
- [Claim 5]The tank system according to claim 4, wherein the pipepressure resistance part includes a control valve that makes an opening area of the flow opening portion variable, and a control device that adjusts an opening degree of the flow opening portion in the control valve.
- [Claim 6]The tank system according to claim 5, furthercomprising:a pipe top portion pressure sensor that detects apressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the pipe topportion of the loading pipe,wherein the control device adjusts an opening degreeof the control valve, based on a detection value in the pipetop portion pressure sensor.
- [Claim 7]A ship comprising:a hull; andthe tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,which is provided in the hull.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019-231720 | 2019-12-23 | ||
JP2019231720A JP7221856B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | tank systems, ships |
PCT/JP2020/048258 WO2021132381A1 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Tank system and ship |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2020415040A1 AU2020415040A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
AU2020415040B2 true AU2020415040B2 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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AU2020415040A Active AU2020415040B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Tank system and ship |
Country Status (7)
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EP (1) | EP4059828B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7221856B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220101177A (en) |
CN (1) | CN114846265B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2020415040B2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI4059828T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021132381A1 (en) |
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JP7245949B1 (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2023-03-24 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Liquefied carbon dioxide equipment, method for estimating generation status of dry ice |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08207989A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Liquid-level regulator for vertical receiving pipe in storage tank |
JPH09142576A (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1997-06-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Introduction pipe of liquefied gas storage tank |
JPH1086995A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Liquid-receiving structure of low temperature liquefied gas storage tank |
US5916246A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-06-29 | Thermo King Corporation | System and method for transferring liquid carbon dioxide from a high pressure storage tank to a lower pressure transportable tank |
DE10205130A1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-28 | Air Liquide Gmbh | Process for the uninterrupted provision of liquid, supercooled carbon dioxide at constant pressure above 40 bar and supply system |
KR20100125625A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-01 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Method for preventing low-pressure in co2 reservoir |
JP5605939B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-10-15 | 昭和電工ガスプロダクツ株式会社 | Dry ice particle injection device |
KR20130094348A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-08-23 | 에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드 | A process for filling a gas storage container |
JP5769445B2 (en) | 2011-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Surplus gas generation suppression method for liquefied natural gas storage / transport ship and liquefied natural gas storage / transport ship |
KR101497420B1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-03-03 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | LNG transportation Apparatus for reducing Boil-Off Gas |
JP6919145B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2021-08-18 | 株式会社飯沼ゲージ製作所 | Mask manufacturing equipment and mask manufacturing method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-23 JP JP2019231720A patent/JP7221856B2/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202080088605.4A patent/CN114846265B/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 FI FIEP20905462.6T patent/FI4059828T3/en active
- 2020-12-23 WO PCT/JP2020/048258 patent/WO2021132381A1/en active Application Filing
- 2020-12-23 EP EP20905462.6A patent/EP4059828B1/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 AU AU2020415040A patent/AU2020415040B2/en active Active
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EP4059828A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
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EP4059828B1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
AU2020415040A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
WO2021132381A1 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
FI4059828T3 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
CN114846265A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
KR20220101177A (en) | 2022-07-19 |
EP4059828A4 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
CN114846265B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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