EP4059828A1 - Tank system and ship - Google Patents
Tank system and ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4059828A1 EP4059828A1 EP20905462.6A EP20905462A EP4059828A1 EP 4059828 A1 EP4059828 A1 EP 4059828A1 EP 20905462 A EP20905462 A EP 20905462A EP 4059828 A1 EP4059828 A1 EP 4059828A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- pressure
- tank
- carbon dioxide
- liquefied carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 298
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B2025/087—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising self-contained tanks installed in the ship structure as separate units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/0126—One vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0626—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0689—Methods for controlling or regulating
- F17C2250/0694—Methods for controlling or regulating with calculations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a tank system and a ship.
- PTL 1 discloses loading a liquefied gas such as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) into a tank through a gas loading pipe system.
- LNG Liquified Natural Gas
- the pressure of a triple point (hereinafter referred to as triple point pressure) at which a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase coexist is higher than the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG. Therefore, the triple point pressure becomes close to the operating pressure of the tank.
- triple point pressure a triple point at which a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase coexist. Therefore, the triple point pressure becomes close to the operating pressure of the tank.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide is contained in the tank, for the following reasons, there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure in the pipe top portion of the loading pipe where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes the lowest, or the liquefied carbon dioxide evaporates, and due to the evaporation latent heat thereof, the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating is lowered, so that there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.
- the present disclosure has been made in order to solve the above problem, and has an object to provide a tank system and a ship, in which it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in a loading pipe and smoothly perform the operation of a tank.
- a tank system includes a tank, a loading pipe, and a pipe pressure resistance part.
- the tank contains liquefied carbon dioxide therein.
- the loading pipe extends in an up-down direction and a lower end thereof is open into the tank.
- the loading pipe discharges liquefied carbon dioxide that is supplied from the outside, from the lower end into the tank.
- the pipe pressure resistance part is provided on the lower end side with respect to a pipe top portion that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe. The pipe pressure resistance part generates a pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the loading pipe.
- a ship according to the present disclosure includes a hull, and the tank system as described above, which is provided in the hull.
- a ship 1A of an embodiment of the present disclosure carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the ship 1A includes at least a hull 2 and a tank system 20A.
- the hull 2 has a pair of broadsides 3A and 3B forming an outer shell thereof, a ship bottom (not shown), and an upper deck 5.
- the broadsides 3A and 3B are provided with a pair of broadside outer plates forming the left and right broadsides respectively.
- the ship bottom (not shown) is provided with a ship bottom outer plate connecting the broadsides 3A and 3B. Due to the pair of broadsides 3A and 3B and the ship bottom (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross-section orthogonal to a bow-stern direction Da.
- the upper deck 5 is an all-deck that is exposed to the outside.
- a superstructure 7 having an accommodation space is formed on the upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
- a tank system storage compartment (a hold) 8 is formed on the bow 2a side with respect to the superstructure (the accommodation space) 7.
- the tank system storage compartment 8 is a closed compartment that is recessed toward the ship bottom (not shown) below the upper deck 5 and protrudes upward or has the upper deck 5 as a ceiling.
- the tank system 20A includes a tank 21, a loading pipe 25, and a pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- each tank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, the bow-stern direction).
- the tank 21 contains liquefied carbon dioxide L inside.
- the tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the tank 21 may be a spherical shape or the like.
- the loading pipe 25 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L, which is supplied from the outside such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land or a bunker ship, into the tank 21.
- the loading pipe 25 in this embodiment is inserted into the tank 21 by penetrating the upper portion of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21.
- the loading pipe 25 extends in an up-down direction Dv in the tank 21.
- a lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is open in the tank 21.
- the loading pipe 25 discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside into the tank 21 from the lower end 25b.
- a pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position is disposed outside the tank 21.
- the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is disposed in the vicinity of a bottom portion of the tank 21.
- the vicinity of the bottom portion is a position closer to the bottom portion than the center of the tank 21 in the up-down direction Dv.
- Fig. 2 illustrates a situation in which the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 is submerged in the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21. Further, in Fig. 2 , the lower end 25b is open downward. However, the opening direction thereof is not limited to the downward direction.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A acts as a pipe pressure resistance on the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t which is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A has a flow opening portion 30a through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
- the flow opening portion 30a has an opening area A2 smaller than a flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is configured using an orifice 31.
- the orifice 31 is mounted to the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the orifice 31 includes a plate portion 31a provided so as to close the opening of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and a through-hole 31b formed in the plate portion 31a.
- the through-hole 31b forms the flow opening portion 30a.
- the through-hole 31b is formed to penetrate in a plate thickness direction of the plate portion 31a (a pipe axis direction at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25). In this embodiment, only one through-hole 31b is formed in the central portion of the plate portion 31a.
- a pressure Pc in the pipe top portion 25t of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 having the pipe pressure resistance part 30A provided at the lower end 25b has a value obtained by subtracting a pressure corresponding to the height difference between the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 and the pipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by adding a pressure loss ⁇ P that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part to a tank operating pressure Pt.
- the dynamic pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is significant, it is necessary to consider the influence thereof.
- the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t needs to exceed a setting pressure lower limit value Ps of the liquefied carbon dioxide L set in advance, as in the following expression (1).
- the setting pressure lower limit value Ps can be a value obtained by adding a safety margin value to the triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- the opening area A2 of the flow opening portion 30a is set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the above expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the generated pressure loss ⁇ P increases the pressure Pc in the pipe top portion 25t.
- the operating pressure of the tank 21 is set to be 580 [kPa(G)]
- the density ⁇ of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is set to be 1150 [kg/m 3 ]
- a liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 is set to be 0 [m]
- a height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 from a tank bottom surface 21b is set to be 30 [m].
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 in a state of having no pipe pressure resistance part 30A becomes 242 [kPa(G)].
- the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is 417 [kPa(G)], and therefore, in a state where the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is not provided, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure, and thus there is a possibility that dry ice may be generated.
- the pressure loss ⁇ P is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A so as to satisfy the above expression (1), and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t always exceeds the setting pressure lower limit value Ps, and can sufficiently exceed the triple point pressure.
- the tank system 20A of the first embodiment includes the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A generates the pressure loss ⁇ P satisfying the above expression (1).
- an appropriate pressure loss ⁇ P according to the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps set according to the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the entire area in the loading pipe 25. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed. Further, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A can be additionally provided even with respect to the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 of the existing tank system 20A.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A (the orifice 31) has the flow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A2 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A as described above has a simple configuration having the flow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
- the ship 1A of the first embodiment includes the hull 2 and the tank system 20A provided in the hull 2.
- the ship 1A of the embodiment it is possible to provide the ship 1A provided with the tank system 20A in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
- a configuration is made in which the orifice 31 is provided as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- the orifice 31 is provided as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- a perforated plate 32 may be provided as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- the perforated plate 32 is mounted to the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the perforated plate 32 includes a plate portion 32a provided so as to close the opening of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and a plurality of (many) through-holes 32b formed in the plate portion 32a.
- Each of the through-holes 32b penetrates in the plate thickness direction of the plate portion 32a.
- the flow opening portion 30a is configured by the plurality of through-holes 32b. In the flow opening portion 30a, a total opening area A3 of the plurality of through-holes 32b is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A using the perforated plate 32 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P.
- a flap 33 may be provided as the pipe pressure resistance part 30A.
- the flap 33 is mounted on the inside of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the flap 33 has a plate shape and is provided to be inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to a pipe axis direction Dp at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the flap 33 is provided to have a gap 33b between an outer peripheral edge 33a thereof and an inner peripheral surface 25f of the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the gap 33b between the outer peripheral edge 33a of the flap 33 and the inner peripheral surface 25f of the loading pipe 25 forms the flow opening portion 30a.
- An opening area A4 of the gap 33b forming the flow opening portion 30a is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A using the flap 33 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P.
- a tank system and a ship according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 6 .
- the second embodiment of the present disclosure that is described below, only the position of a pipe pressure resistance part 30B is different from that in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and therefore, the same portions as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.
- a ship 1B of this embodiment carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the ship 1B includes at least the hull 2 and a tank system 20B.
- the tank system 20B includes the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided between the pipe top portion 25t and the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a position higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is formed using one of the orifice 31 (refer to Fig. 3 ), the perforated plate 32 (refer to Fig. 4 ), and the flap 33 (refer to Fig. 5 ) shown in the first embodiment.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided such that the generated pressure loss ⁇ P satisfies the condition expressed by the above expression (1).
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a position higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, it is necessary to prevent the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B from falling below the triple point pressure on the lower side (the lower end 25b side) of the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
- the height H [mm] from the tank bottom surface 21b where the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is installed is limited such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L passing through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height difference between the height H and the liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21.
- the tank system 20B of the second embodiment includes the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure resistance part 30B, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B generates the pressure loss ⁇ P satisfying the above expression (1).
- an appropriate pressure loss ⁇ P according to the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30B to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and the height H [mm] thereof from the tank bottom surface 21b of the tank 21 is limited such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height difference between the height H from the tank bottom surface 21b and the liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps on the lower side (the lower end 25b side) with respect to the pipe pressure resistance part 30B. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to the occurrence of a pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
- the ship 1B of the second embodiment includes the hull 2 and the tank system 20B provided in the hull 2.
- the ship 1B of the second embodiment it is possible to provide the ship 1B provided with the tank system 20B in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
- a tank system and a ship according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Figs. 7 to 11 .
- the third embodiment of the present disclosure that is described below, only the configuration of a pipe pressure resistance part 30C is different from those in the first and second embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore, the same portions as those in the first and second embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.
- a ship 1C of this embodiment carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the ship 1C includes at least the hull 2 and a tank system 20C.
- the tank system 20C includes the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and a pipe pressure resistance part 30C.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C includes a control valve 35 and a control device 60.
- the control valve 35 of the pipe pressure resistance part 30C is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25.
- the control valve 35 is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the control valve 35 may be provided at a position higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, as in the second embodiment.
- the control valve 35 shown in Fig. 8 makes an opening area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a variable.
- the control valve 35 has a valve body 35a rotatably provided in the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
- the valve body 35a opens and closes the flow path in the loading pipe 25 by rotating around a valve shaft.
- the valve body 35a increases or decreases a gap 35b formed between the valve body 35a and the inner peripheral surface 25f of the loading pipe 25 by adjusting the opening degree around the valve shaft.
- the gap 35b between the valve body 35a and the inner peripheral surface 25f of the loading pipe 25 forms the flow opening portion 30a.
- the opening area A5 of the gap 35b forming the flow opening portion 30a is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25.
- the control valve 35 it is preferable to use a submersible low-temperature resistant valve that can operate even in the liquefied carbon dioxide L having a low-temperature.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C using the control valve 35 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P.
- the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a is set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the above expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the generated pressure loss ⁇ P increases the pressure Pc in the pipe top portion 25t.
- the control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35.
- the tank system 20C includes a tank internal pressure sensor 51 and a pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
- the tank internal pressure sensor 51 detects the internal pressure of the tank 21.
- the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t.
- the control device 60 is a computer that includes a CPU 61 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 62 (Read Only Memory), a RAM 63 (Random Access Memory), an HDD 64 (Hard Disk Drive), and a signal receiving module 65.
- the signal receiving module 65 receives the detection signals from the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
- the CPU 61 of the control device 60 executes a program stored in the HDD 64, the ROM 62, or the like in advance to realize a functional configuration of each of a signal receiving unit 71, an opening degree control unit 72, and a command signal output unit 73.
- the signal receiving unit 71 receives the detection signals from the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52, that is, the data of the detection value of the internal pressure of the tank 21 in the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t, through the signal receiving module 65.
- the opening degree control unit 72 executes control for adjusting the opening degree of the control valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
- the command signal output unit 73 outputs a command signal for changing the opening degree of the control valve 35 to the control valve 35 under the control of the opening degree control unit 72.
- the signal receiving unit 71 of the control device 60 receives the data of the detection value of the internal pressure (the operating pressure Pt) of the tank 21 in the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t from the tank internal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 at time intervals set in advance (step S1).
- the opening degree control unit 72 determines whether or not the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t received in step S1 is lower than a threshold value set in advance (for example, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps) (step S2). As a result, if the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t is not lower than the threshold value, the processing returns to step S1.
- a threshold value set in advance for example, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps
- step S2 in a case where the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t is lower than the threshold value, that is, in a case where the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t is lower than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps, the opening degree control unit 72 reduces the opening degree of the control valve 35 (step S3). To this end, the opening degree control unit 72 outputs a command signal for reducing the opening degree of the valve body 35a by a predetermined angle to the control valve 35 through the command signal output unit 73. After outputting the command signal, the control device 60 ends the processing and returns to step S1.
- the tank system 20C of the above embodiment includes the tank 21, the loading pipe 25, and the pipe pressure resistance part 30C. Further, the pipe pressure resistance part 30C is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25. Due to the pipe pressure resistance part 30C, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C generates the pressure loss ⁇ P satisfying the above expression (1).
- an appropriate pressure loss ⁇ P according to the height H2 of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30C to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C has the flow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A5 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C as described above has a simple configuration having the flow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C includes the control valve 35 that makes the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a variable, and the control device 60 that adjusts the opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35.
- the pressure loss ⁇ P that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35 by the control device 60. In this way, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ⁇ P that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating condition or the like of the tank system 20C.
- the tank system 20C of the above embodiment further includes the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 that detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25, and the control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the control valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
- the pressure loss ⁇ P that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 can be adjusted at the pipe pressure resistance part 30C according to the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t detected by the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ⁇ P that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t does not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps.
- the ship 1C of the above embodiment includes the hull 2 and the tank system 20C provided in the hull 2.
- the ship 1C of the embodiment it is possible to provide the ship 1C provided with the tank system 20C in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of the tank 21 can be performed smoothly.
- the tank 21 is provided in the tank system storage compartment 8 formed in the hull 2.
- the tank 21 is provided on the upper deck 5.
- the tank 21 is provided in the ship 1A, 1B, or 1C.
- the tank 21 may be installed in a place other than the ships 1A to 1C, for example, on land or in marine facility, or in a vehicle such as a tank lorry.
- the tank systems 20A, 20B, and 20C and the ships 1A to 1C described in the embodiment are grasped as follows, for example.
- the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C includes the tank 21 that contains the liquefied carbon dioxide L therein, the loading pipe 25 that extends in the up-down direction Dv, has the lower end 25b that is open into the tank 21, and discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside, from the lower end 25b into the tank 21, and the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C that is provided on the lower end 25b side with respect to the pipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe 25, and generates the pressure loss ⁇ P in the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C there is the orifice 31, the perforated plate 32, or the flap 33.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through the loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ⁇ P.
- the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 is increased, so that the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in the tank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of the tank 21.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C in the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C of the above (1), the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C generates the pressure loss ⁇ P that is determined such that a value obtained by subtracting a pressure corresponding to the height difference between the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 and the pipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by adding the pressure loss ⁇ P that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C to the tank operating pressure Pt exceeds the setting pressure lower limit value Ps obtained by adding a safety margin value to the triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- an appropriate pressure loss ⁇ P according to the height of the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25 is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C to be able to increase the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25 becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps that is set according to the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A or 30C is provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A or 30C provided at the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, the generation of dry ice due to the solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 25 is suppressed. Further, the pipe pressure resistance part 30A or 30C can be additionally provided even with respect to the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25 of the existing tank system.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30B is higher than the lower end 25b of the loading pipe 25, and the height H thereof from the tank bottom surface 21b of the tank 21 is provided such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure value.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps even on the lower side (the lower end 25b side) with respect to the pipe pressure resistance part 30B.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C has the flow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A2, A3, A4, or A5 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in the loading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30A, 30B, or 30C has a simple configuration having the flow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost.
- the pipe pressure resistance part 30C includes the control valve 35 that makes the opening area A5 of the flow opening portion 30a variable, and the control device 60 that adjusts the opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35.
- the pressure loss ⁇ P that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow opening portion 30a in the control valve 35 by the control device 60. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ⁇ P that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating condition or the like of the tank system 20C.
- the tank system 20C of the above (6) further includes the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52 that detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t of the loading pipe 25, in which the control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the control valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52.
- the pressure loss ⁇ P that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted according to the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t detected by the pipe top portion pressure sensor 52. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ⁇ P that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L such that the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the pipe top portion 25t does not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps.
- the ship 1A. 1B, or 1C includes the hull 2, and the tank system 20A, 20B, or 20C of any one of the above (1) to (7), which is provided in the hull 2.
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Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a tank system and a ship.
- This application claims the right of priority based on
Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-231720 filed with the Japan Patent Office on December 22, 2019 - PTL 1 discloses loading a liquefied gas such as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) into a tank through a gas loading pipe system.
- [PTL 1]
Japanese Patent No. 5769445 - Incidentally, there is a demand for carrying liquefied carbon dioxide by using a tank as in PTL 1. In the liquefied carbon dioxide, the pressure of a triple point (hereinafter referred to as triple point pressure) at which a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase coexist is higher than the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG. Therefore, the triple point pressure becomes close to the operating pressure of the tank. In a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide is contained in the tank, for the following reasons, there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.
- In the tank containing the liquefied gas as in PTL 1, there is a case where a lower end of a loading pipe, which is open in the tank, is disposed at a lower portion in the tank. With such disposition, the vicinity of the opening of the loading pipe is pressurized with an increase in liquid head. Therefore, flash evaporation of the liquefied gas discharged from the opening of the loading pipe can be suppressed. However, in a pipe top portion disposed at the highest position of the loading pipe, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide inside is reduced by the amount corresponds to the height difference between the pipe lower end and the pipe top portion with respect to the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the pipe lower end.
- As a result, depending on the tank operating pressure, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure in the pipe top portion of the loading pipe where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes the lowest, or the liquefied carbon dioxide evaporates, and due to the evaporation latent heat thereof, the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating is lowered, so that there is a possibility that the liquefied carbon dioxide may be solidified to generate dry ice.
- Then, in this manner, if dry ice is generated in the loading pipe, the flow of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the loading pipe is obstructed, so that there is a possibility that the operation of the tank may be affected.
- The present disclosure has been made in order to solve the above problem, and has an object to provide a tank system and a ship, in which it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in a loading pipe and smoothly perform the operation of a tank.
- In order to solve the above problem, a tank system according to the present disclosure includes a tank, a loading pipe, and a pipe pressure resistance part. The tank contains liquefied carbon dioxide therein. The loading pipe extends in an up-down direction and a lower end thereof is open into the tank. The loading pipe discharges liquefied carbon dioxide that is supplied from the outside, from the lower end into the tank. The pipe pressure resistance part is provided on the lower end side with respect to a pipe top portion that is located at the highest position in the loading pipe. The pipe pressure resistance part generates a pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the loading pipe.
- A ship according to the present disclosure includes a hull, and the tank system as described above, which is provided in the hull.
- According to the tank system and the ship of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe and smoothly perform the operation of the tank.
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Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of a ship in an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a tank system provided in a ship according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure resistance part provided in the tank system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure resistance part according to a modification example of the first embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure resistance part according to a modification example of the first embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a tank system provided in a ship according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a tank system provided in a ship according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing a pipe pressure resistance part provided in the tank system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of a control device provided in the tank system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of the control device provided in the tank system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure for opening degree adjustment processing of a control valve in the control device provided in the tank system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. - Hereinafter, a tank system and a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
Figs. 1 to 3 . - As shown in
Fig. 1 , aship 1A of an embodiment of the present disclosure carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide. Theship 1A includes at least ahull 2 and atank system 20A. - The
hull 2 has a pair ofbroadsides upper deck 5. Thebroadsides broadsides broadsides hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross-section orthogonal to a bow-stern direction Da. Theupper deck 5 is an all-deck that is exposed to the outside. In thehull 2, asuperstructure 7 having an accommodation space is formed on theupper deck 5 on thestern 2b side. - In the
hull 2, a tank system storage compartment (a hold) 8 is formed on thebow 2a side with respect to the superstructure (the accommodation space) 7. The tank system storage compartment 8 is a closed compartment that is recessed toward the ship bottom (not shown) below theupper deck 5 and protrudes upward or has theupper deck 5 as a ceiling. - As shown in
Fig. 2 , thetank system 20A includes atank 21, aloading pipe 25, and a pipepressure resistance part 30A. - As shown in
Fig. 1 , a plurality oftanks 21 are provided in the tank system storage compartment 8. In this embodiment, for example, a total of seventanks 21 are provided in the tank system storage compartment 8. The layout and the number oftanks 21 installed in the tank system storage compartment 8 are not limited in any way. In this embodiment, eachtank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, the bow-stern direction). Thetank 21 contains liquefied carbon dioxide L inside. - The
tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and thetank 21 may be a spherical shape or the like. - As shown in
Fig. 2 , theloading pipe 25 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L, which is supplied from the outside such as a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land or a bunker ship, into thetank 21. Theloading pipe 25 in this embodiment is inserted into thetank 21 by penetrating the upper portion of thetank 21 from the outside of thetank 21. Theloading pipe 25 extends in an up-down direction Dv in thetank 21. Alower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 is open in thetank 21. Theloading pipe 25 discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside into thetank 21 from thelower end 25b. In theloading pipe 25, apipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position is disposed outside thetank 21. - The
lower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 is disposed in the vicinity of a bottom portion of thetank 21. The vicinity of the bottom portion is a position closer to the bottom portion than the center of thetank 21 in the up-down direction Dv.Fig. 2 illustrates a situation in which thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 is submerged in the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in thetank 21. Further, inFig. 2 , thelower end 25b is open downward. However, the opening direction thereof is not limited to the downward direction. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30A acts as a pipe pressure resistance on the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25. The pipepressure resistance part 30A is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t which is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. In this embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30A is provided at thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. However, there is no limitation to thelower end 25b. As shown inFig. 3 , the pipepressure resistance part 30A has aflow opening portion 30a through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows. Theflow opening portion 30a has an opening area A2 smaller than a flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25. - In this embodiment, the pipe
pressure resistance part 30A is configured using anorifice 31. Theorifice 31 is mounted to thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Theorifice 31 includes aplate portion 31a provided so as to close the opening of thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, and a through-hole 31b formed in theplate portion 31a. The through-hole 31b forms theflow opening portion 30a. The through-hole 31b is formed to penetrate in a plate thickness direction of theplate portion 31a (a pipe axis direction at thelower end 25b of the loading pipe 25). In this embodiment, only one through-hole 31b is formed in the central portion of theplate portion 31a. - A pressure Pc in the
pipe top portion 25t of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 having the pipepressure resistance part 30A provided at thelower end 25b has a value obtained by subtracting a pressure corresponding to the height difference between the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thetank 21 and thepipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by adding a pressure loss ΔP that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part to a tank operating pressure Pt. However, in a case where the dynamic pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 is significant, it is necessary to consider the influence thereof. - In order to prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L from falling below the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
pipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25, the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t needs to exceed a setting pressure lower limit value Ps of the liquefied carbon dioxide L set in advance, as in the following expression (1). - Here, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps can be a value obtained by adding a safety margin value to the triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- In the pipe
pressure resistance part 30A (the orifice 31), the opening area A2 of theflow opening portion 30a is set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the above expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the generated pressure loss ΔP increases the pressure Pc in thepipe top portion 25t. - Here, for example, the operating pressure of the
tank 21 is set to be 580 [kPa(G)], the density ρ of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is set to be 1150 [kg/m3], a liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thetank 21 is set to be 0 [m], and a height H2 of thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 from atank bottom surface 21b is set to be 30 [m]. Then, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 in a state of having no pipepressure resistance part 30A becomes 242 [kPa(G)]. The triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is 417 [kPa(G)], and therefore, in a state where the pipepressure resistance part 30A is not provided, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure, and thus there is a possibility that dry ice may be generated. - In contrast, in the
loading pipe 25 provided with the pipepressure resistance part 30A, the pressure loss ΔP is generated by the pipepressure resistance part 30A so as to satisfy the above expression (1), and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t always exceeds the setting pressure lower limit value Ps, and can sufficiently exceed the triple point pressure. - The
tank system 20A of the first embodiment includes thetank 21, theloading pipe 25, and the pipepressure resistance part 30A. The pipepressure resistance part 30A is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. Due to the pipepressure resistance part 30A, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of thetank 21. - In the
tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30A generates the pressure loss ΔP satisfying the above expression (1). - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20A of the embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss ΔP according to the height H2 of thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 is generated by the pipepressure resistance part 30A to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps set according to the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the entire area in theloading pipe 25. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25. - In the
tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30A is provided at thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20A of the embodiment, due to the pipepressure resistance part 30A provided at thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed. Further, the pipepressure resistance part 30A can be additionally provided even with respect to thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 of the existingtank system 20A. - In the
tank system 20A of the first embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30A (the orifice 31) has theflow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A2 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30A as described above has a simple configuration having theflow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost. - The
ship 1A of the first embodiment includes thehull 2 and thetank system 20A provided in thehull 2. - Therefore, according to the
ship 1A of the embodiment, it is possible to provide theship 1A provided with thetank system 20A in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of thetank 21 can be performed smoothly. - In the first embodiment, a configuration is made in which the
orifice 31 is provided as the pipepressure resistance part 30A. However, there is no limitation thereto. - For example, as shown in
Fig. 4 , aperforated plate 32 may be provided as the pipepressure resistance part 30A. Theperforated plate 32 is mounted to thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Theperforated plate 32 includes aplate portion 32a provided so as to close the opening of thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, and a plurality of (many) through-holes 32b formed in theplate portion 32a. Each of the through-holes 32b penetrates in the plate thickness direction of theplate portion 32a. Theflow opening portion 30a is configured by the plurality of through-holes 32b. In theflow opening portion 30a, a total opening area A3 of the plurality of through-holes 32b is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30A using theperforated plate 32 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP. - Further, as shown in
Fig. 5 , aflap 33 may be provided as the pipepressure resistance part 30A. Theflap 33 is mounted on the inside of thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Theflap 33 has a plate shape and is provided to be inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to a pipe axis direction Dp at thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Theflap 33 is provided to have agap 33b between an outerperipheral edge 33a thereof and an innerperipheral surface 25f of thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Thegap 33b between the outerperipheral edge 33a of theflap 33 and the innerperipheral surface 25f of theloading pipe 25 forms theflow opening portion 30a. An opening area A4 of thegap 33b forming theflow opening portion 30a is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30A using theflap 33 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP. - Next, a tank system and a ship according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
Fig. 6 . In the second embodiment of the present disclosure that is described below, only the position of a pipepressure resistance part 30B is different from that in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and therefore, the same portions as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted. - As shown in
Fig. 1 , aship 1B of this embodiment carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide. Theship 1B includes at least thehull 2 and atank system 20B. - As shown in
Fig. 6 , thetank system 20B includes thetank 21, theloading pipe 25, and the pipepressure resistance part 30B. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30B can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss. The pipepressure resistance part 30B is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. In the second embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30B is provided between thepipe top portion 25t and thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. The pipepressure resistance part 30B is provided at a position higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30B is formed using one of the orifice 31 (refer toFig. 3 ), the perforated plate 32 (refer toFig. 4 ), and the flap 33 (refer toFig. 5 ) shown in the first embodiment. The pipepressure resistance part 30B is provided such that the generated pressure loss ΔP satisfies the condition expressed by the above expression (1). - Further, in a case where the pipe
pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a position higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, it is necessary to prevent the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part 30B from falling below the triple point pressure on the lower side (thelower end 25b side) of the pipepressure resistance part 30B. - Therefore, in a case where the pipe
pressure resistance part 30B is provided at a height H [mm] from thetank bottom surface 21b of thetank 21, it is necessary to make the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the height H of the pipepressure resistance part 30B exceed the setting pressure lower limit value Ps. - The height H [mm] from the
tank bottom surface 21b where the pipepressure resistance part 30B is installed is limited such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L passing through the pipepressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height difference between the height H and the liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thetank 21. - The
tank system 20B of the second embodiment includes thetank 21, theloading pipe 25, and the pipepressure resistance part 30B. The pipepressure resistance part 30B is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. Due to the pipepressure resistance part 30B, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of thetank 21. - In the
tank system 20B of the second embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30B generates the pressure loss ΔP satisfying the above expression (1). - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20B of the embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss ΔP according to the height H2 of thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 is generated by the pipepressure resistance part 30B to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. - In the
tank system 20B of the second embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30B is higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, and the height H [mm] thereof from thetank bottom surface 21b of thetank 21 is limited such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure, in consideration of the fact that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L decreases according to the height difference between the height H from thetank bottom surface 21b and the liquid level height H1 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thetank 21. - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20B of the embodiment, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps on the lower side (thelower end 25b side) with respect to the pipepressure resistance part 30B. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to the occurrence of a pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part 30B. - The
ship 1B of the second embodiment includes thehull 2 and thetank system 20B provided in thehull 2. - Therefore, according to the
ship 1B of the second embodiment, it is possible to provide theship 1B provided with thetank system 20B in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of thetank 21 can be performed smoothly. - Next, a tank system and a ship according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
Figs. 7 to 11 . In the third embodiment of the present disclosure that is described below, only the configuration of a pipepressure resistance part 30C is different from those in the first and second embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore, the same portions as those in the first and second embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted. - As shown in
Fig. 1 , aship 1C of this embodiment carries liquefied carbon dioxide or various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide. Theship 1C includes at least thehull 2 and atank system 20C. - As shown in
Fig. 7 , thetank system 20C includes thetank 21, theloading pipe 25, and a pipepressure resistance part 30C. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30C can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss. In this embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30C includes acontrol valve 35 and acontrol device 60. - The
control valve 35 of the pipepressure resistance part 30C is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. In the third embodiment, thecontrol valve 35 is provided at thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. Thecontrol valve 35 may be provided at a position higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, as in the second embodiment. - The
control valve 35 shown inFig. 8 makes an opening area A5 of theflow opening portion 30a variable. Thecontrol valve 35 has avalve body 35a rotatably provided in the flow path of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. Thevalve body 35a opens and closes the flow path in theloading pipe 25 by rotating around a valve shaft. Thevalve body 35a increases or decreases agap 35b formed between thevalve body 35a and the innerperipheral surface 25f of theloading pipe 25 by adjusting the opening degree around the valve shaft. Thegap 35b between thevalve body 35a and the innerperipheral surface 25f of theloading pipe 25 forms theflow opening portion 30a. The opening area A5 of thegap 35b forming theflow opening portion 30a is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25. As thecontrol valve 35, it is preferable to use a submersible low-temperature resistant valve that can operate even in the liquefied carbon dioxide L having a low-temperature. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30C using thecontrol valve 35 as described above can increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP. - In the
control valve 35 of the pipepressure resistance part 30C, the opening area A5 of theflow opening portion 30a is set so as to satisfy the condition expressed by the above expression (1) by utilizing the fact that the generated pressure loss ΔP increases the pressure Pc in thepipe top portion 25t. - The
control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of theflow opening portion 30a in thecontrol valve 35. In order to adjust the opening degree of thecontrol valve 35 by thecontrol device 60, thetank system 20C includes a tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and a pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. The tankinternal pressure sensor 51 detects the internal pressure of thetank 21. The pipe topportion pressure sensor 52 detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t. - As shown in
Fig. 9 , thecontrol device 60 is a computer that includes a CPU 61 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 62 (Read Only Memory), a RAM 63 (Random Access Memory), an HDD 64 (Hard Disk Drive), and asignal receiving module 65. Thesignal receiving module 65 receives the detection signals from the tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. - As shown in
Fig. 10 , theCPU 61 of thecontrol device 60 executes a program stored in theHDD 64, theROM 62, or the like in advance to realize a functional configuration of each of asignal receiving unit 71, an openingdegree control unit 72, and a commandsignal output unit 73. - The
signal receiving unit 71 receives the detection signals from the tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52, that is, the data of the detection value of the internal pressure of thetank 21 in the tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t, through thesignal receiving module 65. - The opening
degree control unit 72 executes control for adjusting the opening degree of thecontrol valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. - The command
signal output unit 73 outputs a command signal for changing the opening degree of thecontrol valve 35 to thecontrol valve 35 under the control of the openingdegree control unit 72. - Next, a procedure for adjusting the opening degree of the
control valve 35 by thecontrol device 60 in thetank system 20C will be described. - As shown in
Fig. 11 , thesignal receiving unit 71 of thecontrol device 60 receives the data of the detection value of the internal pressure (the operating pressure Pt) of thetank 21 in the tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and the detection value of the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t from the tankinternal pressure sensor 51 and the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52 at time intervals set in advance (step S1). - Subsequently, the opening
degree control unit 72 determines whether or not the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t received in step S1 is lower than a threshold value set in advance (for example, the setting pressure lower limit value Ps) (step S2). As a result, if the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t is not lower than the threshold value, the processing returns to step S1. - In step S2, in a case where the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the
pipe top portion 25t is lower than the threshold value, that is, in a case where the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t is lower than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps, the openingdegree control unit 72 reduces the opening degree of the control valve 35 (step S3). To this end, the openingdegree control unit 72 outputs a command signal for reducing the opening degree of thevalve body 35a by a predetermined angle to thecontrol valve 35 through the commandsignal output unit 73. After outputting the command signal, thecontrol device 60 ends the processing and returns to step S1. - The
tank system 20C of the above embodiment includes thetank 21, theloading pipe 25, and the pipepressure resistance part 30C. Further, the pipepressure resistance part 30C is provided on thelower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25. Due to the pipepressure resistance part 30C, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP, and the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of thetank 21. - In the
tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30C generates the pressure loss ΔP satisfying the above expression (1). - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20C of the embodiment, an appropriate pressure loss ΔP according to the height H2 of thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 is generated by the pipepressure resistance part 30C to be able to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. - In the
tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30C has theflow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A5 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows. - The pipe
pressure resistance part 30C as described above has a simple configuration having theflow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost. - In the
tank system 20C of the above embodiment, the pipepressure resistance part 30C includes thecontrol valve 35 that makes the opening area A5 of theflow opening portion 30a variable, and thecontrol device 60 that adjusts the opening degree of theflow opening portion 30a in thecontrol valve 35. - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20C of the embodiment, the pressure loss ΔP that is generated by the pipepressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of theflow opening portion 30a in thecontrol valve 35 by thecontrol device 60. In this way, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ΔP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating condition or the like of thetank system 20C. - The
tank system 20C of the above embodiment further includes the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52 that detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25, and thecontrol device 60 adjusts the opening degree of thecontrol valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. - Therefore, according to the
tank system 20C of the embodiment, the pressure loss ΔP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25 can be adjusted at the pipepressure resistance part 30C according to the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t detected by the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ΔP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t does not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps. - The
ship 1C of the above embodiment includes thehull 2 and thetank system 20C provided in thehull 2. - Therefore, according to the
ship 1C of the embodiment, it is possible to provide theship 1C provided with thetank system 20C in which in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of thetank 21 can be performed smoothly. - The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configurations are not limited to the embodiments, and also include design changes or the like within a scope which does not deviate from the gist of the present disclosure.
- In the embodiments described above, a configuration is made in which the
tank 21 is provided in the tank system storage compartment 8 formed in thehull 2. However, there is no limitation thereto, and for example, thetank 21 is provided on theupper deck 5. - Further, in the embodiments described above, the
tank 21 is provided in theship tank 21 may be installed in a place other than theships 1A to 1C, for example, on land or in marine facility, or in a vehicle such as a tank lorry. - The
tank systems ships 1A to 1C described in the embodiment are grasped as follows, for example. - (1) The
tank system tank 21 that contains the liquefied carbon dioxide L therein, theloading pipe 25 that extends in the up-down direction Dv, has thelower end 25b that is open into thetank 21, and discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide L that is supplied from the outside, from thelower end 25b into thetank 21, and the pipepressure resistance part lower end 25b side with respect to thepipe top portion 25t that is located at the highest position in theloading pipe 25, and generates the pressure loss ΔP in the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing through theloading pipe 25. - As an example of the pipe
pressure resistance part orifice 31, theperforated plate 32, or theflap 33. - In the
tank system pressure resistance part loading pipe 25 is increased by the amount corresponding to the pressure loss ΔP. The pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 is increased, so that the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is restrained from approaching the triple point pressure. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. As a result, in a case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is contained in thetank 21, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 and smoothly perform the operation of thetank 21. - (2) In the
tank system tank system pressure resistance part tank 21 and thepipe top portion 25t from a value obtained by adding the pressure loss ΔP that is generated by the pipepressure resistance part - In this way, an appropriate pressure loss ΔP according to the height of the
pipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25 is generated by the pipepressure resistance part loading pipe 25 becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps that is set according to the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25. - (3) In the
tank system tank system pressure resistance part lower end 25b of theloading pipe 25. - In this way, due to the pipe
pressure resistance part lower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, the generation of dry ice due to the solidification of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed. Further, the pipepressure resistance part lower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 of the existing tank system. - (4) In the
tank system 20B according to a fourth aspect, in thetank system 20B of the above (2), the pipepressure resistance part 30B is higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25, and the height H thereof from thetank bottom surface 21b of thetank 21 is provided such that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part 30B does not fall below the triple point pressure value. - In this way, in a case where the pipe
pressure resistance part 30B is installed at a position higher than thelower end 25b of theloading pipe 25 and lower than thepipe top portion 25t, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L becomes equal to or higher than the setting pressure lower limit value Ps even on the lower side (thelower end 25b side) with respect to the pipepressure resistance part 30B. In this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice due to the occurrence of a pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L that has passed through the pipepressure resistance part 30B on the lower side with respect to the pipepressure resistance part 30B. - (5) In the
tank system tank system pressure resistance part flow opening portion 30a which has the opening area A2, A3, A4, or A5 smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area A1 in theloading pipe 25 and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide L flows. - The pipe
pressure resistance part flow opening portion 30a, and can realize suppression of the generation of dry ice in the liquefied carbon dioxide L at low cost. - (6) In the
tank system 20C according to a sixth aspect, in thetank system 20C of the above (5), the pipepressure resistance part 30C includes thecontrol valve 35 that makes the opening area A5 of theflow opening portion 30a variable, and thecontrol device 60 that adjusts the opening degree of theflow opening portion 30a in thecontrol valve 35. - In this way, the pressure loss ΔP that is generated by the pipe
pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of theflow opening portion 30a in thecontrol valve 35 by thecontrol device 60. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ΔP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L according to the operating condition or the like of thetank system 20C. - (7) In the
tank system 20C according to a seventh aspect, thetank system 20C of the above (6) further includes the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52 that detects the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t of theloading pipe 25, in which thecontrol device 60 adjusts the opening degree of thecontrol valve 35, based on the detection value in the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. - In this way, the pressure loss ΔP that is generated by the pipe
pressure resistance part 30C can be adjusted according to the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t detected by the pipe topportion pressure sensor 52. Therefore, it becomes possible to appropriately adjust the pressure loss ΔP that increases the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L such that the pressure Pc of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in thepipe top portion 25t does not fall below the setting pressure lower limit value Ps. - (8) The
ship 1A. 1B, or 1C according to an eighth aspect includes thehull 2, and thetank system hull 2. - In this way, it becomes possible to provide the
ship tank system tank 21, the generation of dry ice in theloading pipe 25 is suppressed and the operation of thetank 21 can be performed smoothly. - According to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe and smoothly perform the operation of the tank.
-
- 1A, 1B, 1C: ship
- 2: hull
- 2a: bow
- 2b: stern
- 3A, 3B: broadside
- 5: upper deck
- 7: superstructure
- 8: tank system storage compartment
- 20A, 20B, 20C: tank system
- 21: tank
- 21b: tank bottom surface
- 25: loading pipe
- 25b: lower end
- 25f: inner peripheral surface
- 25t: pipe top portion
- 30A, 30B, 30C: pipe pressure resistance part
- 30a: flow opening portion
- 31: orifice
- 31a: plate portion
- 31b: through-hole
- 32: perforated plate
- 32a: plate portion
- 32b: through-hole
- 33: flap
- 33a: outer peripheral edge
- 33b: gap
- 35: control valve
- 35a: valve body
- 35b: gap
- 51: tank internal pressure sensor
- 52: pipe top portion pressure sensor
- 60: control device
- 61: CPU
- 62: ROM
- 63: RAM
- 64: HDD
- 65: signal receiving module
- 71: signal receiving unit
- 72: opening degree control unit
- 73: command signal output unit
- A1: flow path cross-sectional area
- A2, A3, A4, A5: opening area
- Da: bow-stern direction
- Dp: pipe axis direction
- Dv: up-down direction
- H: height of pipe pressure resistance part from tank bottom surface
- H1: liquid level height of liquefied carbon dioxide in tank
- H2: height of pipe top portion of loading pipe from tank bottom surface
- L: liquefied carbon dioxide
- ΔP: pressure loss
- Pc: pressure
- Ps: setting pressure lower limit value
- Pt: operating pressure
Claims (8)
- A tank system comprising:a tank that contains liquefied carbon dioxide therein;a loading pipe that extends in an up-down direction, has a lower end that is open into the tank, and discharges liquefied carbon dioxide that is supplied from an outside, from the lower end into the tank; anda pipe pressure resistance part that is provided on a lower end side with respect to a pipe top portion that is located at a highest position in the loading pipe, and generates a pressure loss in the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the loading pipe.
- The tank system according to claim 1, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part generates a pressure loss that is determined such that a value obtained by subtracting a pressure corresponding to a height difference between a liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the pipe top portion from a value obtained by adding the pressure loss that is generated by the pipe pressure resistance part to a tank operating pressure exceeds a setting pressure lower limit value obtained by adding a safety margin value to a triple point pressure value of the liquefied carbon dioxide.
- The tank system according to claim 2, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part is provided at the lower end of the loading pipe.
- The tank system according to claim 2, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part is higher than the lower end of the loading pipe, and a height thereof from a tank bottom surface of the tank is provided such that a pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide that has passed through the pipe pressure resistance part does not fall below the triple point pressure value.
- The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part has a flow opening portion which has an opening area smaller than a flow path cross-sectional area in the loading pipe and through which the liquefied carbon dioxide flows.
- The tank system according to claim 5, wherein the pipe pressure resistance part includesa control valve that makes an opening area of the flow opening portion variable, anda control device that adjusts an opening degree of the flow opening portion in the control valve.
- The tank system according to claim 6, further comprising:a pipe top portion pressure sensor that detects a pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the pipe top portion of the loading pipe,wherein the control device adjusts an opening degree of the control valve, based on a detection value in the pipe top portion pressure sensor.
- A ship comprising:a hull; andthe tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is provided in the hull.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019231720A JP7221856B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | tank systems, ships |
PCT/JP2020/048258 WO2021132381A1 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Tank system and ship |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4059828A1 true EP4059828A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
EP4059828A4 EP4059828A4 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
EP4059828B1 EP4059828B1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20905462.6A Active EP4059828B1 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Tank system and ship |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4059828B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7221856B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114846265B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2020415040B2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI4059828T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021132381A1 (en) |
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JP7245949B1 (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-03-24 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Liquefied carbon dioxide equipment, method for estimating generation status of dry ice |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08207989A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Liquid-level regulator for vertical receiving pipe in storage tank |
JPH09142576A (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1997-06-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Introduction pipe of liquefied gas storage tank |
JPH1086995A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Liquid-receiving structure of low temperature liquefied gas storage tank |
US5916246A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-06-29 | Thermo King Corporation | System and method for transferring liquid carbon dioxide from a high pressure storage tank to a lower pressure transportable tank |
DE10205130A1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-28 | Air Liquide Gmbh | Process for the uninterrupted provision of liquid, supercooled carbon dioxide at constant pressure above 40 bar and supply system |
KR20100125625A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-01 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Method for preventing low-pressure in co2 reservoir |
JP5605939B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-10-15 | 昭和電工ガスプロダクツ株式会社 | Dry ice particle injection device |
WO2012080172A2 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | A process for filling a gas storage container |
JP5769445B2 (en) | 2011-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Surplus gas generation suppression method for liquefied natural gas storage / transport ship and liquefied natural gas storage / transport ship |
KR101497420B1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-03-03 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | LNG transportation Apparatus for reducing Boil-Off Gas |
JP6919145B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2021-08-18 | 株式会社飯沼ゲージ製作所 | Mask manufacturing equipment and mask manufacturing method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-23 JP JP2019231720A patent/JP7221856B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-12-23 FI FIEP20905462.6T patent/FI4059828T3/en active
- 2020-12-23 EP EP20905462.6A patent/EP4059828B1/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 AU AU2020415040A patent/AU2020415040B2/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202080088605.4A patent/CN114846265B/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 WO PCT/JP2020/048258 patent/WO2021132381A1/en active Application Filing
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CN114846265A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
AU2020415040B2 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
JP2021099143A (en) | 2021-07-01 |
EP4059828B1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
JP7221856B2 (en) | 2023-02-14 |
CN114846265B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
EP4059828A4 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
FI4059828T3 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
AU2020415040A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
KR20220101177A (en) | 2022-07-19 |
WO2021132381A1 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
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