AU2020102154A4 - MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY - Google Patents
MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2020102154A4 AU2020102154A4 AU2020102154A AU2020102154A AU2020102154A4 AU 2020102154 A4 AU2020102154 A4 AU 2020102154A4 AU 2020102154 A AU2020102154 A AU 2020102154A AU 2020102154 A AU2020102154 A AU 2020102154A AU 2020102154 A4 AU2020102154 A4 AU 2020102154A4
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- salt
- water
- product
- seawater
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 56
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 39
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 59
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- -1 commercial west Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZJPGOXWRFNKIQL-JYJNAYRXSA-N Phe-Pro-Pro Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZJPGOXWRFNKIQL-JYJNAYRXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006232 Bassia longifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001048891 Jatropha curcas Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000004212 Madhuca longifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005058 Madhuca longifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000037433 Pongamia pinnata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004599 Pongamia pinnata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-BYFNXCQMSA-M cyanocobalamin Chemical compound N#C[Co+]N([C@]1([H])[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@]\2(CCC(=O)NC[C@H](C)OP(O)(=O)OC3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)C)C/2=C(C)\C([C@H](C/2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-BYFNXCQMSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001692 EU approved anti-caking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019440 Mg(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000565347 Pongamia Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006053 animal diet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002104 cyanocobalamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000000639 cyanocobalamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011666 cyanocobalamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical class S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011271 tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical class [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
- C01D3/06—Preparation by working up brines; seawater or spent lyes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/40—Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/005—Methods or materials for repairing pavings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/085—Aggregate or filler materials therefor; Coloured reflecting or luminescent additives therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Our Invention "MMC-Salt Products" is a day to day life bulk amount raw salt is available
salt in sea area but only a few percentage amounts of utilization in eating purpose. So that
we think a lot of amount of salt is remaining and low cost then we get an idea about the
utilization of salt and mixing with lubricants and other binding materials we get
innovative products from them. That product gets good strength and easily place in
various parts and fields to it. that product can have made any shape and any size any
volume product and any weight can have made it that product get molded any shape as
per requirement. A process for construction of roads, walkways, footpaths, pavements,
and other construction industry material, etc. from raw salt, Bitumen, unsorted waste
plastics of various types and origin, plastic-type resins and related polymers comprising:
laying at least one sub-base layer of hollow blocks such that the hollow blocks lie
horizontally adjacent to each other. The filling the said sub-base layer of hollow blocks
with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material, optionally covering the said
filled hollow blocks with covers/lids. And also our invention MMC salt products is a day to
day life bulk amount raw salt is available salt in sea area but only a few percentage
amounts of utilisation in eating purpose. So that we think a lot of amount of salt is
remaining and low cost then we get an idea about the utilization of salt and mixing with
any lubricant and other any binding materials or all any types west materials like ( any
type raw material , natural , artificial, artificial industrial wastes , Pulp , Paper , Glass , all
types metals , all types nonmetals , all types Plastics , steel , house waste , commercial
west , aluminium, natural materials , non-natural materials, any powder industry west
, fibers, any solid west, any liquid west , any gas west, ..etc. )we get innovative Products
form them . That material made in any types of (shapes, size, colour) that material is
utilized in various fields like (construction, residential, commercial, mechanical industry,
electrical parts, any decorative product, etc.) That product gets molded any shapes any
size. (note copy as it next)
25
FIG.1: WASTE SALT.
FIG.2: WASTE PLASTIC.
Description
FIG.1: WASTE SALT.
FIG.2: WASTE PLASTIC.
MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION Our Invention" MMC-Salt Products" is related to utilization salt with mixing all types material become innovative products for construction industry.
Since last two decades, it has been realised that the issue related to protection of environment from all kind of pollutions must be addressed on priority. The use of plastic and related materials is increasing exponentially due to tremendous growth in population, urbanization and changed life style. This leads to widespread littering of plastic on the landscape. Disposal of waste plastic emerged to be a serious problem globally due to their non-biodegradability and hazardous nature. Land fill of waste plastic seems to be dangerous to the human health, since it's creates contaminate agricultural land and polluting the water near to the land filled areas by releasing the toxic chemicals. The disposal issue needs to be addressed in priority.
The product developed will address these issued to a maximum extent by its application reads constructions. Construction of roads and buildings are also amongst the sources of environmental pollution. Therefore, the focus on sustainable and green design construction is the opportunity to use our resources more efficiently. This will also ensure lighter footprint on the environment through conservation of resources. Balancing energy-efficient, cost- effective, low-maintenance construction needs, the green products needs to be developed.
The great concern of disposal of waste plastic generated forced us to find alternatives ways to dispose or develop new uses for waste or recycled plastics. The efforts made in this direction across globe has also given incentives to introduce plastics from recycled sources into building or paving material, either to facilitate their disposal where it is hoped that their introduction does not degrade and does not increase its cost. It is also 1 hoped that their introduction will provide a cost effective improvement in the properties of the building or paving material. Research has been carried out to utilize waste plastic of selected and graded recycled plastic materials as an additive to the asphaltic binder component of asphaltic concrete paving material in an effort to improve the flexibility and reduce the propensity of the paving material to crack. However, these efforts got a very limited success due to limitation of the process.
Indian patent application no. 4631/CHE/2015 teaches a manufacturing process and method by using all types of waste plastics impregnated bituminous mix for road construction. Said method uses about 15% different type of plastic polymers collected from the solid waste, which is shredded, fine powdered and added to the VG30 or VG10 Bitumen of its weight recommended for the road engineering. As a process all types of plastics are shredded, fine powdered, sieved and heated to 200-220°C in a specially designed digester in-built with a high speed 5000 RPM propeller is agitated for one hour and further 5% of special binder grade tar pitch is added and again running the agitator for 30 minutes at the same temperature.
Further to this 3% of combined form of polymerized, Pongamia Glabra - species oil and pyrolyzed rubber oil as a catalyst cum stabilizer is added and then one MT of pre-heated VG 30 or VG 10 grade Bitumen will be pumped to the digester and the agitation will be continued for further one hour, for availing excellent Bitumen and waste plastic compatibility and homogeneity, end in a mutant form of matrix impregnated waste plastic bitumen for high performance and new generation road construction engineering.
Indian patent IN246060 teaches a process for the preparation of waste plastic modified bitumen useful for rut resistant and water resistant bituminous mix for road construction. The said patent teaches a process for the preparation of waste plastic modified bitumen useful for rut resistant and water resistant bituminous mix for road construction. More particularly it relates to utilisation of waste plastic bags for modification of bitumen to obtain 'Polymer Modified Bitumen' used for construction of roads. The bituminous mixes prepared using waste plastic modified bitumen has higher resistant to rutting compared to other modified bitumen and conventional bitumen.
In the process powdered plastic waste 2 to 8 wt% of bitumen are added in standard bitumen, mixture is stirred at 1000 to 3000 rpm for 25 to 40 minutes and further 0.15 to 0.25 % of hydrogenated tallow is added for better homogeneity of blend to obtain the desired product. However, the aforesaid methods involve mixing of the waste plastic material with the bituminous mixes at certain temperature which leads to the utilization of very limited amount of plastic waste. Further, plastic waste and bitumen do not get integrated together over the period of time which may leads to the damaged and cracked roads.
The invention provides a solution to conventional construction or repairing work, as repairing of damaged roadways by conventional methods can be extremely expensive, time consuming. The route is also environmentally disruptive because the entire compacted gravel layer of the road must be replaced. Using the current methods a required shape can be tailored or existing shape can be well adjusted to the area to be repair.
The invention thus aims to obviate the drawbacks of the prior art and is extremely useful at any location including isolated locations or locations with difficult terrain. Because of exorbitant expense of removing and replacing or repairing the roads is difficult due to atmospheric or geographical conditions. This avoids reduce noise and air pollution at site, due to extended delays during repair. Conventional method of storing material for construction may degrade the stored materials due to delayed use of the same. The current method the product is ready to use at any time does not have any effect of storage on the quality.
The invention is that the product can be prepared both off site and on site, transported by any rod, air and sea route to any location. It can be stored for long time without any damage. In view of above the method of present invention offers advantages in a wide variety of road applications, from unpaved roads that will remain un-surfaced to the roads that will receive running surface treatments. The major advantage of the present invention is that the product laid has been formulated to be as gentle on the environment as they are effective on the roadways at very low cost. Another advantage is the process does not require costly base or aggregate materials to build subsequent paving or sealing. The inventive product in use is non-hazardous, non-flammable, non-corrosive, and nontoxic, use waste generated sustainable basis and keep the environment clean, will not harm vegetation or wildlife, and will not leach out of the surface so they are safe to use close to streams and bodies of water.
The invention provides a method of using a product prepared from waste to form mixed waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic type resins and related types of polymers and/or waste materials. A product, which is designed such that, that it is suitable for use in construction of roads and which has a relatively low thermal conductivity. The low thermal conductivity and relatively small thickness of the product enables it is to be used as an insulation barrier to protect the permafrost when a road is to be built in artic and/or subarctic regions also.
However, the method of laying such product could also be used for other purposes than building roads, for example, as oil well drilling pads, airport runways, railways related construction or any construction wherein the frost free paths, roads, layers are required or insulation in buildings. The invention relates to a process for laying a foundation, comprising the excavation of a of ground where the road needs to be constructed, placing thereon a layer means for the basement subsequent introduction of setting material as appropriate, and the subsequent laying of the remaining foundation by product in the invention. The product laying can be altered also and layers of invented products can be single and/or multiple and alternate layering can also be done with the same product.
A number of disclosures, over the years, have sought to provide the most efficient method for simulating the marine environment. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,025,831, entitled "Lobster Tank with Artificial Ocean Water", it was disclosed that there was a need to develop an artificial ocean water conductive to the life of the lobster or any other salt water fish. Along such lines, it was disclosed that the following components may be utilized to achieve the formation of artificial ocean water: NaCl, MgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, CaC2, NaHCO3, NaBr, NaHSO4 , and 3 drops of iodine solution.
The attention is directed to U.S. Pat. No. 5,485,808 entitled "Synthetic Sear Water Solution Kit and Method of Manufacture", which discloses a concentrated synthetic sea water solution, which upon dilution with fresh water, is said to produce a high purity synthetic sea water. The liquid mixture is composed of two separate and equal volume portions, each portion containing a percentage of specific major and minor ions. The solution may also contain essential trace elements. The solution is also said to be extremely pure, being specifically treated to remove harmful, non-essential heavy metals.
In addition, various commercial reports exist regarding synthetic sea salt mixtures. For example, a synthetic sea salt sold under the trademark Coral Sea@ is widely available, and described as a single phase synthetic sea salt. The specification for the Coral Sea@ product indicates that it contains the following elemental, vitamin or ion distribution: Cl-, Na+, Mg++, SO4 -- , S 2 0 3 -- , Ca++, K+, Br, C, Sr++, B0 3 -- , F, NO 3 , P0 4 , Mn++, Si03 , Ba++, Mo0 4-- , Li+, Al---, Fe+++, Thaimine (vitamin B), Iodine (as I-), Vanadium as VO--, Cobalt as Co++, Cu++, Biotin and Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B 1 2). It is also noted that the solid sea salt mixture should be used as soon as possible after it is opened from any sealed packaging.
In addition, to the above, a number of other synthetic sea salt mixtures are on the market. These include, for example, products sold under the following trademarks: Instant Ocean@, Tropic Marine@, Kent Sea Salt@, Oceanic Sea Salt@, Reef Crystals@ and Red Sea Salt@. Each manufacturer, not surprisingly, advances various reasons as to why they might consider their particular mixture to provide the optimum marine environment for the aquarium hobby.
In spite of the above, a need continues for a marine sea salt mixture which would continue to provide an optimum marine environment, which would be inexpensive to manufacture, rapidly dissolving, and convenient for use by consumers. Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improved synthetic sea salt mixture which achieves such goals, among others, as more fully disclosed herein.
US5129756A*1987-07-241992-07-14Wheeler Jack L Apparatus for and method of coastal erosion control using massive sea block system. DE19503513A1*1994-02-041995-08-10Environmental Techn Eur Ltd Multi-layer paving material gives good pressure resistance and damping of oscillation and heat.
US5957619A*1995-10-121999-09-28Taisei Rotec Corporation Method of constructing block pavement. US2430815A*1945-03-311947-11-11Atlantic Refining CoIncreasing adhesivity of bitumens for mineral aggregates.
IN2015MU02781A *2015-07-222015-07-31V Tiwari Anurag.
US3025831A *1958-12-241962-03-2Martin J Berardi Lobster tank with artificial ocean water and a filter therefor.
US3585967A *1965-01-051971-06-22Aquarium Syst Inc Artificial sea water solution and composition for producing the same. US3623455A *1969-02-051971-11-3oAquarium Syst Inc Artificial sea water solution and composition for making the same. US3625182A*1970-04-231971-12-07Gaf Corp. Treatment of water in fish hatchery rearing ponds. US3852044A *1969-11-131974-12-03Great Salt Lake Minerals Recovery of substantially potassium-free hydrated magnesium chloride from contaminated aqueous solutions. US3886904A *1973-07-201975-06-03Aquarium Syst Inc. Artificial sea water solution and composition for making the same. US4398937A*1981-10-061983-08-16The University Of Southern Mississippi Selective algaecides for control of cyanochloronta. US4664065A *1985-12-301987-05-12Schneider Delbert K Sealed aquarium. US4962728A*1989-03-271990-10-16Monsanto Company Use of potassium Karol's salt to preserve live fish US5211869A *1991-07-261993-05-180ssian, Inc. Pan agglomerated deicer compositions US5313911A*1991-10-241994-05-24Eka Nobel Ab Method for controlling aquatic parasites US5351651A *1992-06-301994-10-04Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Artificial sea-water
1. The objective of the invention is to a method to lay road from the green product developed from mixed waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic type resins and related polymers for any or all source/s. 2. The other objective of the invention is to provide a ready to lay and pollution free method to construct, either partly or fully, roads, footpaths, rural roads or similar kind of construction. 3. The other objective of the invention is to provide a method of pavements using paving blocks developed using mixed waste plastics of various types and origin and/or recycled plastics, in pavements. More particularly, this invention relates to develop green methods pavements using green paving blocks and to provide a method of laying the blocks having unsorted, residual or other recycled or waste plastic as a component of the paving block or pavement. 4. The other objective of the invention is to provide a method of construction of roads, footpaths, rural roads or similar kind of constructions having high flexibility in shaping and tailoring the base or sub-base material. Further object of the present invention is to provide a method for quick repairing of damaged roadways and to provide alternative to conventional methods can as they are extremely expensive, time consuming, and environ mentally disruptive because the entire compacted gravel layer of the road needs to be replaced. 5. The other objective of the invention is to provide a method of avoiding the generation of waste from road repair as excavating the roadbed of a 1-km portion of road measuring 4 m in width produces about 2000 cubic meters (M 3 ) of earthy waste; in a conventional road bed repair project, which would require roughly 200 truckloads of waste to be removed from the worksite, with 200 truckloads of new gravel being shipped back the worksite to complete the project. 6. The other objective of the invention is to improve the properties of pavements and of paving materials, particularly asphaltic concrete materials, and most particularly, to improve the strength and useful life of the pavements made of the paving materials by insulating the material in product or blocks prepared from waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymers. 7. The other objective of the invention is to provide a new and improved method of laying the green blocks for constructing a road over frozen ground wherein the material is made from waste plastic, plastic type resins and related polymers and has a relatively low thermal conductivity. 8. The other objective of the invention is to improve the properties of paving materials in a cost effective manner thereby addressing the issue of waste plastic and /or municipal solid waste. 9. The other objective of the invention is to avoid the onsite preparation of mixture there by avoiding the C02 emissions in surrounding and to provide a process by which it is possible to lay foundations with ready to use green blocks with relatively little effort. 10. The other objective of the invention is to provide a method to lay the base and/or sub-base of road and related types of constructions with selective removal and replacement of piece of road where in the repair needs to be done. In another objective of the present invention is to mix the environmentally hazardous material with the asphalt road mix and fill in the product block for its safe disposal. 11. The other objective of the invention is to provide a process for making tough, highly elastic, wear- resistant, economical pavements without addition of any coating or additive. 12. The other objective of the invention is to provide a construction of an environmental and water-permeable paving, which has substantially the same outer-appearance as general roadway, but has the function of draining away the water accumulated on the ground and kept the base safe from damage due to penetration of water. 13. The other objective of the invention is to develop a construction process for road base with a transition from the elastic base to the rigid base with marginal elasticity. For that purpose, a road surface construction is presented where the surface covers a rigid base, and the construction has been designed by taking into account the transition from the elastic base to the rigid base. The construction includes a rigid and marginal elastic base, so a net for receiving and diffusing shear stress, and a net for receiving and diffusing shear stress from the surface, a two layer top surface can be taken care of. 14. The other objective of the invention is to a day to day life bulk amount raw salt is available salt in sea area but only a few percentage amounts of utilization in eating purpose. So that we think a lot of amount of salt is remaining and low cost then we get an idea about the utilization of salt and mixing with lubricants and other binding materials we get innovative products from them. 15. The other objective of the invention is to that product gets good strength and easily place in various parts and fields to it. that product can have made any shape and any size any volume product and any weight can have made it that product get molded any shape as per requirement. 16. The other objective of the invention is to a process for construction of roads, walkways, footpaths, pavements, and other construction industry material, etc. from raw salt, Bitumen, unsorted waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic-type resins and related polymers comprising laying at least one sub-base layer of hollow blocks such that the hollow blocks lie horizontally adjacent to each other. 17. The other objective of the invention is to the filling the said sub-base layer of hollow blocks with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material, optionally covering the said filled hollow blocks with covers/lids. The invention is to a process of producing a substantially non deliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises alkalizing and carbonating the water in a proportion equivalent chemically to at least one-half the total magnesium and calcium salts in the water, and evaporating the treated water to dryness. 18. The other objective of the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises mixing alkali with the water in a proportion suflicient to produce therein a pH value of at least 10 and to convert at least 60 per cent of the total magnesium and calcium salts in the water to the corresponding hydroxides, introducing carbon dioxide into the alkaline water to an extent approximately sufficient to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to carbonates but insufficient to lower the pH value below 8, and evaporating the entire carbonated product to dryness. 19. The other objective of the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises adding sodium hydroxide to the water in a proportion substantially equivalent chemically to the magnesium and calcium salts in the water to convert them to the corresponding hydroxides, introducing gaseous carbon dioxide into the thus-treated water in a proportion approximately equal to that required to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to carbonates, and evaporating the entire carbonated product to dryness. The invention is to a process according to claim 3 wherein the water is seawater debrominated by acidification, oxidation with chlorine, and removal of the bromine thus liberated by blowing with air. 20. The other objective of the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt from acidified debrominated seawater which comprises approximately neutralizing the water with alkali, whereby a ferric hydroxide-containing precipitate is formed, separating the precipitate, and thereafter subjecting the precipitatefree water to the process. The invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt from seawater and debrominated seawater which comprises treating the water as needed to produce a neutral pH therein, clarifying the neutral 7 water to remove solids, concentrating the clarified water by vaporizing water therefrom until a total solids content of 20 to 25per cent by weight is reached, adding sodium hydroxide to the concentrate in a proportion suflicient to produce therein a pH value of at least 10 and to convert at least 60 per cent of the total magnesium and calcium salts in the concentrate to the corresponding hydroxides, injecting carbon dioxide into the hydroxide-containing concentrate in a proportion approximately equal to that required to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to normal carbonates, and heating the carbonated concentrate to vaporize water therefrom without removal of any solid phase until a sensibly dry product is obtained. 21.The other objective of the invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking mineralized salt consisting substantially of sea salt in which at least 50 per cent of the magnesium and calcium salts have been converted to carbonates. The invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt consisting substantially of sea salt in which substantially all the magnesium and calcium salts have been converted to carbonates. 22. The other objective of the invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking table condiment derived from seawater and consisting predominantly of sodium chloride in admixture with carbonates of magnesium and calcium, sodium, magnesium and calcium being present in sub stantially the same relative proportions as in seawater, and also containing substantially all the other salts normally present in seawater in the relative proportions in which they occur in seawater. 23. The objective of the invention is to the objective of this invention is to provide the any shapes to it. 24. The other objective of the invention is to provide any size to it. 25. The other objective of the invention is to provide any colour to it. 26. The other objective of the invention is to provide three stage (solid / liquid /gas) 27. The other objective of the invention is to develop new material achieving its economy and strength. 28. The other objective of the invention is to the all waste material can be used for recycling and make various parts, product, instrument, design, in various industries. 29. The other objective of the invention is to in recycling technology can be used in various fields to reduce non degradable waste. 30. The other objective of the invention is to technology utilized then replace the construction material, parts, design, shapes, structure, element, ingredient. 31. The other objective of the invention is to reduce quantity all west in ocean lives and land acquired by all type of west dumping. 32. The other objective of the invention is to made life span more and reduce cost to made it, easily made, easy to handle, easy to place it, easy work. 33. The other objective of the invention is to help the environmental pollution of country. 34. The other objective of the invention is to helps to save the natural resource by utilized this material to various field. 35. The other objective of the invention is to made any type of mound, any machine part, device, future new material can form. 36. The other objective of the invention is to can be utilized any activity, any process, prototype model, model, device. 37. The other objective of the invention is to utilized in construction industry in reduced cost of construction and saving time.
Case-1: In product can be partially replaced to portion 20 to 80 percent. Case -2: in product be partially replaced 40 to 60 percent. Case -3:in product be partially replaced 80 to 100 percent. Or Fully utilization salt with mixing lubricant can made a new product. Or Fully utilization salt with mixing plastic west can also made new products. Or Fully utilization salt with mixing fibres can made new products.
The invention relates to a process for construction of roads, walk ways, footpaths, pavements, etc. from unsorted and/or mixed waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic type resins and related polymers comprising: laying at least one sub-base layer of hollow blocks such that the hollow blocks lie horizontally adjacent to each other;
filling the said sub-base layer of hollow blocks with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material optionally covering the said filled hollow blocks with covers/lids, laying at least one base layer of hollow blocks over the sub-base layer such that the hollow blocks lie horizontally and vertically adjacent to each other filling the said base layer of hollow blocks with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material. The optionally covering the said filled hollow blocks with covers/lids; laying the surface layer with road base materials or bituminous mixture or asphalt.
Optionally the hollow block can also be filled off the field prior to laying and layed on the base or sub-base of the road. The hollow blocks and covers/lids are prepared from unsorted waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic type resins and related polymers or combination thereof. Further, the hollow blocks of varying volume to weight ratio and different size and shape are chosen for road construction depending upon the requirement.
The base and sub-base layers are made by laying the blocks horizontally, in close contact with each other, in the area where the roads have to be constructed. There can be one or more layers of the blocks depending upon the requirement. The blocks are tailored to fill the potholes or as a medium for land levelling. The blocks are laid on any surface having soil at the bottom or old road or rock of on any type of earth surface suitable for road of or path or footpath construction.
The blocks are optionally joined/sealed with appropriate sealing agent/additive capable of sealing the gasps or cracks in the roads, plastic materials, concrete cracks but not limited to the same. Further, the blocks are hollow shaped body with leak proof walls or porous wall having pores depending upon the requirement. The arrangement of blocks is made in alternate in any direction and the gap are optionally bridged with pipes, cable trays or a solid or a hollow medium. The invention is directed to method of preparation of roads, pavement, base course and/or sub-base course, which utilizes an otherwise environmental polluting material. The pavement course composition contains ready to use block/s encapsulated with asphalt mix. The blocks so prepared are designed to suit the need of the construction.
According to preferred the methods of the present invention provides additional advantage in enhancement of life and strength of the construction as the bituminous mixture and/or appropriate mixture encapsulated in the block is safe from all types of atmospheric contamination and there by retain its original properties for long time or till the block gets naturally degrade. In another embodiment, when the individual blocks are laid nearby to for a road they will be adjacent to each other and integrate due to pressure and vibration from all the sides and appear as single layer. It should be understood that when the two layers are integrated through the vibration, the lower portion of the final product after installation is not visible to the eye. However, it is that lower portion of the paving block body that provides strength, load capacity and may interlocking capability.
The advantage of present method of construction provides the stability to the block against excessive strain due to traffic load as the asphalt and/or bituminous mixture encapsulated there in support material against deformation. The blocks design is such that it demonstrates the elasticity against the pressure and regain the shape back there by keeping the base intact. The road construction can be done with the conventional method and on levelling the ground the alignment of ready to use blocks can be laid.
The method is that the damage to the block layer can be arrested to the selective region and its spreading can be avoided thereby keeping the strength of the road intact. The layers of different thickness of blocks can also be uses as per the need. The adjacent blocks can be of different size, shape and thickness or can be tailored to match the need of the construction.
The method is to construct an anti-crack base. As the blocks are individual units joined together, any major impact by heavy traffic movement or by earth quake, the blocks may distance itself for a while and regain its position again so cracking will be arrested. The blocks are made of plastic type material the percolation of water or moisture can be entered in the road mixture thereby preventing the water movement to the road surface by capillary effect.
The invention, the sub-base layer and the base layers are laid in the ground by horizontally laying the blocks in the ground such that the blocks cover the entire area where the road has to be made. The empty blocks are then filled with the road base materials or road paving material or asphalt mixture or bituminous mixture. Thus there is no requirement of adding any additive in the road base materials or road paving material or asphalt mixture or bituminous mixture or the waste plastic to mix with each other. Said filled blocks may then be optionally covered with the cover/lid. The cover/lid is also prepared from the waste plastic similar to the hollow blocks. The base layer of filled blocks is then optionally covered with sand, fine stone crust, any kind of solid powder, asphalt mix used for road construction or to cover the base or sub-base.
The invention, methods for covering road base materials, sand, fine stone crust, any kind of solid powder, is used broadly to describe the top layer of the earth's surface, consisting of rock and mineral particles mixed with organic matter (also known as, by non-limiting reference, earth or dirt); Whether originally located at the road construction site ("local soil" or "in situ soil") or transported to the road construction site. The patent application, the phrase "road base materials" is broadly used to describe any substance from which a road surface, base, or sub-base could be constructed, however, this including, but not limited to rock, broken rock, gravel (whether pebble, granule, or other size or mixture), sand, cobble, slag, or other construction aggregate or fill material.
The invention is directed to layers comprising a first layer of block and a second layer of block contacting the first layer. The first and second layers of block may be the same or different, in composition, thickness, orientation, etc. The invention contemplates a layer having any number (greater than one) of layers of blocks. The blocks so prepared with different size shape and thickness can be laid manually, semi manually or by machine also. Similarly, if needed, the blocks with different size shape and thickness can be rearranged, replaced, removed for their fit to suit the need of the path, road, footpaths or related construction can be done manually, semi manually or by machine also.
To seal the gasp of two blocks after laid, the composition application can include any method chosen for sealing with sound engineering judgment, but in most instances, application of the chemical agent to the block seal or soil is accomplished by the use of conventional spray equipment (spray trucks). The agent is gravity fed or pumped through hoses, spray nozzles, or fixed sprayers and evenly applied to the soil or material to be treated. The treated soil or road base materials are graded and compacted as per conventional process used to construct roads; using any methods chosen with engineering judgment, and a top coat of the composition is applied as usual before or after laying the current product. Motor-graders, asphalt grinders, mixers, pug mills, compactors, rollers, and other conventional construction equipment may be utilized to blend, set grade, and compact stabilized base, if necessary, can be used with current product.
The invention does not require any curing agent and allows the road or road base to be open to traffic or use in a matter of hours rather than days. The blocks can be paved with arrangement such that there is a gap with specific dimensions. The space of gas can be used to lay the pipes or cable trays or any such object which required protecting the object pass through it such as cables. The after laying the blocks and formation of roads, footpaths or walkways or paths, if there is a need to remove the blocks for some or the other reason, these blocks can be used to construction at other locations. The material filled there in blocks, asphalt mixture or bituminous mixture or any mixture or concrete used for road and like constructions, can be removed and reprocessed, refilled and reused. In another embodiment if the block or part of blocks removed from the place of construction, the block can be made free from the material filled therein and can be reprocessed as a raw material for preparation of new block.
The solid blocks prepared can also be used to form above type of constructions. The solid blocks dose not required any mixture to be filled in. In the embodiments described hereinabove, the person of ordinary skills in the art may incorporate changes and modifications without departing from the general scope of current invention. It also includes all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof. Though, the description above contains much specificity, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently pre referred embodiments of this invention.
By the new matrix of waste plastic impregnated bitumen mix a high quality long-last safer roads with better resistance to rain water stagnation, reduced stripping and potholes, increased compression strength and bending strength can be increased. We can improve the agriculture sector and reduce the global warming by cultivating the following species like Pongamia trees or Madhuca longifolia or Jatropha curcas, or any other Jatropha species or any other crop species having the properties of fatty acids and bio fuel & can be cultivated in the waste lands, road avenues and dry lands.
Disposing of waste tyres to an extent also will help to balance the health and environmental system for controlling the toxic gases and breeding of mosquitoes from the waste tyres. The main constraints and drawbacks in the conventional dry process and tallow used wet process in plastic road constructions are: The aggregate stones are practically not heated upto the required temperature of 170°C at the field level. The shredded plastics of various sizes, from 3 mm to 6mm are bigger than the aggregates size, sprayed over the heated aggregates wiil not provide uniform coating and not melt properly due to the variation of the softening point and chemical composition of the plastic polymers. Moreover, the aggregates act as the non-conductor, which requires more energy for heating. On the other hand, the dropping temperature, also will result in poor melting and bonding of the plasties sprayed over the aggregates, Then the addition of, Bitumen into the Hot Mix Plant over the aggregates will result in poor homogeneity of the waste plastic, aggregates and bituminous mix.
The disposed waste plastics collected from the Municipal Solid Waste consist of different types of polymers (LDPE, PP, PS, FPP, PVC, PET etc) which has different types of physical and chemical properties. As claimed by CSIR Wet process, Segregation of the plastics under 40 microns is very cumbersome process from the dumped garbage yard. So far the claims are, for the utilization of LDPE, PP and PS only. Practically the vendors will collect all types of plastics inclusive of PVC, FPP, PET and supply in the shredded form. Since the softening point, melting point temperature and the polymer chain varies from plastics to plastics (PVC softening point is ' more than 176°C and PET softening point is more than 240°C -The melting point for PVC and PET is more than 200°C) the conventional dry or wet process results in poor melting and bonding in mixing plant either with the aggregates or with the Bitumen.
Ultimately while paving the road, unmelted plastic particles will not have compatibility with aggregates and poor binding properties will result in uneven surfaces on the roads and the protruded plastics will wither and cause further environmental problem in due course. It is also well aware that it is difficult to transport the bulk quantity of the plastic shreds to various sites, spillage hazard on transit, monitoring of the aggregate temperature in the mixing plant from time to time, improper mixing ratio of the shreds on the aggregates quantity and to the weight of Bitumen, by the unskilled labourers in the field level has its own practical difficulties resulting in poor quality control.
Moreover, utilizing the hydrogenated Tallow in the process will raise negative support from the animal supporters like Blue Cross society and PETA etc. since it is the source of animal based fatty oil derivative. By adopting the conventional dry process, it is highly significant that the waste plastics are stand still everywhere. To overcome all the above said constrains, the process and method developed by us will dispose all types of plastics to a maximum quantity of 8 - 15% per one MT (1000 kgs.) of VG 30 or VG 10 Bitumen Grade to achieve Zero disposal of waste plastics in the environment. This new genesis technology is to impregnate any type of waste plastic with any. grade of Bitumen and it should be highly suitable for tropical and temperate region.
the present invention is directed at a marine salt composition, suitable for simulating the marine environment, which composition comprises the following: Sodium Chloride 50 % (wt) Magnesium Chloride 30-32% (wt) Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate 7 % (wt) Calcium Chloride 2-4% (wt) Potassium Chloride 2-4% (wt) Sodium Bicarbonate 0.1-1% (wt) Boric Acid 0.001-0.010% (wt)
Preferably, all of the above ingredients are prepared and made to be free of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphate. The magnesium chloride and calcium chloride are also preferably ground before introduction to the above mixture. Subsequent to grinding, the magnesium chloride is preferably 15-40 mesh, more preferably about 20-30 mesh. The calcium chloride is also preferably 20-50 mesh, more preferably 30-40 mesh.
Furthermore, as the ingredients are substantially free of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphate, it is worth pointing out that, e.g., in the case of the sodium chloride, a so-called relatively high-grade sodium chloride may be selected, that is indeed substantially free of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphate. Such grade of sodium chloride may be obtained from North American Salt Company, Kansas. Such sodium chloride is one in which anti caking agents, which are typically calcium phosphates, are eliminated. Similarly, the magnesium chloride herein may be obtained from Dead Sea Works, Israel.
The should be noted that in a most preferred embodiment, the sodium chloride is present at a level of about 53% by weight, the magnesium chloride is present at about 31.7% by weight, the anhydrous sodium sulfate is present at about 8.9% by weight, the calcium chloride is 94-96% pure and is present at a level of about 3.5% by weight, the potassium chloride is present at about 2.2% by weight, the sodium bicarbonate is present at about 0.6% by weight, and the boric acid is present at about 0.005% by weight.
The invention it has been found that the above sea salt mixture provides a more rapidly dissolving, and equal if not better marine environment than those commercial sea salt mixtures that typically contain more complex and expensive ingredients, and which require more expensive and complex manufacturing facilities. Furthermore, the solubility, pH, specific gravity, turbidity, and levels of calcium and magnesium provided herein are all within the range of requirements of marine sea water, and accordingly, facilitate the formation of a marine environment suitable to maintain and support any and all types of marine organisms for an indefinite period of time. Accordingly, the sea salt formulation herein does not contain an excess of any particular element, is easily mixed, is not excessively hygroscopic, does not form insoluble precipitates, is not required to age for any period of time before addition to the marine environment, and can be directly added to the aquarium.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAM FIG.1: Waste Salt. FIG.2: Waste Plastic. FIG.3: Wasts Material. FIG.4: Wasts Construction Material. FIG.5: Wasts Construction Material. FIG.6: Wasts Agro. Material. FIG.7: All type of Waste Material. FIG.8: Waste Material Mixer and re-cycling. FIG.9: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.10: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.11: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.12: Using Waste Material Product.
FIG.13: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.14: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.15: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.16: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.17: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.18: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.19: Using Waste Material Product. FIG.19: Using Waste Material Product.
The invention provides a method of road laying using waste plastics impregnated modified Bitumen composition comprising of:
(a) Bitumen - 1000 kgs.
(b) Dust free shredded, powdered and sieved all types of plastics - 80 kgs (8%)
(c) Special binder grade Tar Pitch - 50 Kgs. (5%)
(d) Hydrogenated and Polymerized plant based Pongamia glabra oil (Pungam or Karanj Oil) or Madhuca longifolia oil, or Jatropha curcas oil, or all other Jatropha species oilor all other oil of the available crop species having the properties of fatty acids and bio fuel - 30 Kgs. (3%)
(e) Polymerized - Pyrolysis of rubber oil - 30 Kgs. (3%)
(f) raw salt -60%
The present invention's intention is also to reduce the Bitumen consumption simultaneously to increase the Bitumen: Aggregates ratio. It is understood that ever.100 kgs. of waste plastic impregnated consists of 92 kgs. of bitumen and 8kgs. of all types of waste plastics or impregnated to a homogenous form.
The present invention forms new matrix cross linked polymerized coating on the road will become long last even in the water stagnated condition..
Ah improved digester (004) for waste plastic digestion for utilization in the process of preparation of the composition is also disclosed.
Definitions:
LDPE - Low Density Polyethylene
PP - Polypropylene
PS - Polystyrene
FPP - Food packaging Plastics
PVC - Poly Vinyl Chloride
PET - Poly Ethylene Tetra Chloride
MT - Metric Ton
VG30 - Viscosity Grade 30
VG 10 - Viscosity Grade 10
Since earliest times, common salt has been made by evaporating seawater until a heavy precipitate is formed, leaving a bittern which is discarded while still liquid. The precipitate is nearly pure salt 'and contains little of the mineral values other-than sodium chloride present in the original seawater.
On the other hand, if seawater is evaporated to dryness without separating the bittern, the product, known as sea salt, contains virtually all the-metallic and non-volatile elements in seawater. Improved retention of volatile elements, such as iodine, is said to b effected by maintaining the seawater neutral during evaporation (U. S. Patent 1,865,451). As a practical matter, however, sea-salt is seldom prepared because its extreme hygroscopicity makes it difficult to handle andstore. Thus, when exposed to air under ordinary conditions, sea-salt rapidly crusts over, cakes, and finally deliquesces to a sticky brine.
None the less, because sea-salt contains traces of many nutritionally important mineral elements; it has often been recommended as a dietary supplement (cf. Chem. Eng. News. .28, 2410 (1950)). Recent experiments with cattle have seemingly confirmed the merit of feeding seasalt in regions where the soil is poor (The Land '9, 247-9 (1950) However, widespread use, or even testing, of sea-salt in nutrition has been badly hampered by the difficult handling problems it poses.
It is therefore the main object of the present invention to provide a modified salt made from seawater which retains all the nutritional values of' sea-salt but which also does not cake or deliquesce, even at high atmospheric humidities. A related object is to provide a process for making the new product. These objects are realized in the invention by first alkalizing and carbonating seawater to convert magnesium and calcium salts therein to normal'or basic carbonates and then evaporating to dryness. The dried crystallin product, which retains virtually all the trace minerals in the seawater, is non-hygroscopic and will remain freefiowing, without crusting or caking, over long periods. It can be packaged, handled, and used as a table condiment and as a livestock feed supplement in the manner of common salt, but has all the nutritional advantage of sea-salt.
The source material for th new product may be seawater, DE brominated seawater, or a concen- '9 Claims. (Cl. 99143) 2 trate obtained by partial evaporation-of either. If raw seawater is used, it should be screened to excludesolid matter, and then preferably allowed to stand quiet, as in a clarifier, or passed through a sand filter, to remove mud and silt. Another convenient source is'debrominated seawater, a byproduct of an industrial process for making bromine in which sea-water is acidified, oxidized with chlorine, and the bromine thus liberated re moved by blowing with air (Ind. Eng. Chem. 26, 361 (1934.)). Such debrominated seawater has the advantage of being thoroughly sterilized by its exposure to chlorine, but often contains a higher proportion of dissolved iron than ordinary seawater. To remove the iron, the acidified debrominated seawater is conveniently brought to neutrality (pH '7) with an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, whereby ferric hydroxideforms as a precipitate, which is separated by settling or filtration. This settling step with ferric hydroxide is also very effective in removing residual quantities of mud in the seawater.
The seawater or neutralized debrominated seawater may, with advantage, be concentrated by evaporation of water before being alkalized and carbonated. Evaporation, either by contact with hot combustion gases, as in a spray evaporator, or by solar heating in ponds, is preferably carried out to the point where there results a, nearly saturated solution of sodium chloride, correspond ing to about 15 per cent sodium chloride 'by weight'and to about 20 to 25 per cent total dissolved solids. This concentration step, while not essential to the invention, has th practical merit of reducing; the bulk of the brine handled in the succeeding steps of the process and thus lowering equipment costs. 7
Following clarification and concentration, if - any, the seawater or neutral debrominated sea-v water is then alkalized and carbonated to convert at least a major part of the dissolved magnesium and calcium salts to normal or basic carbonates. So far as known, there may be used any soluble alkali sufficiently strong to produce in the seawater or concentrate a pH valueof at least 10 (the value v at which magnesium hy-v droxide begins to precipitate), and better 10.51to 11 or more. Likewise, any soluble source of carbonate ions is operable, Thus, s odium'carbonate alone, either in solid form or in solution, will fill both functions. However, by far the best re-' sults are achieved when the seawater or con centrate is first alkalized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to convert at least the major part of the magnesium and calcium saltsto the corresponding hydroxides, and the resulting mixture then carbonated by injection of gaseous carbon dioxide. By operating inthis manner, the magnesium and calcium salts are precipitated in a physical state especially advantageous to the properties of the final product.
The proportion of sodium hydroxide or other alkali used should be such as to be equivalent chemically to at least one-half the total magnesium and calcium salts present in the feed brine. Lesser proportions are insufficient to render the final solid product non deli'quescent. On the other hand, an excess of hydroxide relative to the magnesium and calcium salts is to be avoided because it may appear as free alkali in the product. In general, the proportion of alkali should be at least 60 per cent, and preferably 80 to 100 per cent, of that equivalent to the magnesium and calcium salts in the feed brine. The proportion of carbon dioxide should be approximately equivalent chemically to the added alkali, the equivalence being that required to produce a normal carbonate. (The term carbonate as used herein, in accordance with conventional terminology, excludes bicarbonate.) Over-carbonation, with resultant possible formation of soluble magnesium bicarbone ate, is to be avoided; The carbonation step may be controlled by observing the pH value during introduction of carbon dioxide and stopping when the pH falls to a value of 8.0 to 8.5.
In practice, the sodium hydroxide may be from any convenient source, usually eiiluent catholyte from diaphragm-type caustic sodachlorine electrolytic brine cells. The carbon dioxide need not be concentrated, water-washed combustion gases from power-plant boilers being entirely satisfactory. The mixing of these reagents with the seawater or seawater concentrate is usually carried out at atmospheric temperatures, either batch wise or continuously in conventional power-agitated treating tanks.
Following alkalization and carbonation, the entire treated brine i evaporated to dryness. Neither the precipitated carbonates of magnesium and calcium, nor any other solid phase present, is filtered out or otherwise removed; all are allowed to remain in the salt produced bythe evaporation. This final removal of water may be carried out in any standard drier. fired open pans, shelf-driers, or better an externally gas-fired rotary kiln of corrosion-resistant metal, are satisfactory. The kiln has the advantage that it tumbles the product during drying, producing material of a desirably uniform and small crystal size. The heating is continued until a sensibly dry solid salt is pro-' duced.
The dried salt may be heated at 200 4 calcium salts have been converted to carbonates, the product may be said to consist substantially of sodium chloride in admixture with carbonate of magnesium and calcium, the sodium, magnesium and calcium being present in substantially the same relative proportions as in seawater. The product, being ma de by total evaporation, also contains substantially all the other salts normally present in seawater in the relative proportions in which they occur in seawater. When debrominated seawater is the J source brine the final salt contains less bromide,
' nary sea-salt, but-is by no means devoid of these to 400 C. with free access of air to burn off final traces of organic matter, if present. However, temperatures high enough to decompose the magnesium and calcium carbonates present should be avoided. For particular uses, thefinal dried salt may be ground, and sized by screening, or compressed into cakes.
The process of the invention, in a preferred form, is indicated schematically in the accompanying flowsheet. The end product of the new process is none deliquescent and non-caking, and may properly be described as a mineraliaed salt consisting substantially oisea-salt in which at least 50 per cent of the magnesium and calcium salts have been converted to carbonates. In the prefered case where nearly all the magnesium and elements. The "proportions of other elements are not significantly different.
Quantities of non-caking salt according to the invention, made both from seawater and from debrominated seawater, were fed experimentally, in place of salt, in both human and animal diets for periods of many months. Therewere no observable adverseeffects and numerous. reports of improvement in general health. The following examples will further illustrate the invention. V 7 Example 1 p Raw seawater was clarified by passing through a sand 'filter and was then heated in an open vessel by submerged combustion natural gas burners to evaporate water. Heating was continued until the resulting concentrate 'contained about 25' per cent by weight of total dissolved solids. This concentrate, after cooling to atmospheric temperature, was run into an open tank provided with a power agitator. Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing 50 per cent of sodium hydroxide was then metered in gradually in a proportion equivalent to approximately per cent of the magnesium and calcium salts present, the precise quantity required being determined by analysis. The pH'value of the resulting solution, which contained pre-= cipitated' magnesium hydroxide.
Carbon-dioxide was then injected into the i hydroxide-containing concentrate-in a proportion approximately equivalent chemically to the added sodium hydroxide, addition being stopped when a. pH value of about 8.5 was reached. Carbonates of magnesium and calcium formed in the brine as precipitate. The entire carbonated mixture was then fed as a slurry to an externally-fired Monel-metal lined rotary kiln. The 'slurry was evaporated to dryness, leaving as a free-flowing mass of crystals at 300 to The final product was a non-caking non-deliquescent crystalline salt which remained freefiowing after some weeks of exposure in an open dish to-air at a relative humidityat all times of 50 per cent or more. Chemical analysis of the salt showed the following elements or radicals in per cent by weight: Na, - 31.2; Mg, 4.0; K, 1.06; Ca, 0.47; Cl, 50.6; S04, 5.2; C02, 2.3; and Br, 0.16. The following elements and radicals were also found by analysis, in parts per million: Fe, 12; Al, 6; MN, less than 5; Cu, 11; Ni, 8; Sr, P205, less than 5 F, 220; I, 0.6; and B, 94. Traces of many other elements were also apparent.
Example 2 Raw seawater was debrominated by acidifying with a mixture of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids to a pH value of about 3.5, after which chlorine was introduced until an electrochemical oxidation potential of 0.98 volt (antimonyecalomel electrodes) was reached. Air was then blown through the chlorinated water to remove much of the bromine. The water was then returned to a pH value of about 7 by addition of 50 per cent sodium hydroxide solution. A precipitate of ferric hydroxide formed, and was removed by filtration. The resulting clarified debrominated seawater was then concentrated and treated with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide according to the procedure of Example 1 except that the hydroxide was added in a proportion equivalent to 100 per cent of the magnesium and calcium salts.
After total evaporation, there was obtained a, non-caking non-deliquescent salt. On analysis, it was found to contain, in per cent by weight: Na, 32.1; Mg, 3.3; Ga, 0.91; K, 1.04; Cl, 46.1; S04, 6.7; C02, 5.1, and in parts per million: Fe, 90; Al, 33; Mn, less than 5; Cu, 20; Ni, 13; Zn, less than 15; Sr, 520; P205, 8; Br, 230; F, 190; B, 1021, and I, 1.1. Traces of many other elements were also present. This product contained 84.7 per cent by weight of water-soluble material, which was almost entirely sodium chloride with a little sodium sulfate, and 15.3 per cent of water-insoluble material. The latter, on X-ray diffraction analysis, were found to consist mainly of 40 to 50 per cent hydromagnesite (4MgCO3 Mg(OH)2-4Hz), 30 to 40 per cent northupite (NaaMgC1(C03)2), 10 to 20 per cent calcite (CaCOs), and 5 to 10 per cent magnesite (MgCOs).
The product, white in color, was tested as a table condiment and found as acceptable as ordinary salt. In salt-shakers, it remained freefiowing in damp weather for weeks after ordinary table salt had crusted badly.
WE CLAIMS 1. Our Invention "MMC-Salt Products" is a day to day life bulk amount raw salt is available salt in sea area but only a few percentage amounts of utilization in eating purpose. So that we think a lot of amount of salt is remaining and low cost then we get an idea about the utilization of salt and mixing with lubricants and other binding materials we get innovative products from them. That product gets good strength and easily place in various parts and fields to it. that product can have made any shape and any size any volume product and any weight can have made it that product get molded any shape as per requirement. A process for construction of roads, walkways, footpaths, pavements, and other construction industry material, etc. from raw salt, Bitumen, unsorted waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic-type resins and related polymers comprising laying at least one sub base layer of hollow blocks such that the hollow blocks lie horizontally adjacent to each other. The filling the said sub-base layer of hollow blocks with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material, optionally covering the said filled hollow blocks with covers/lids. 2. According to claim# the invention is to a day to day life bulk amount raw salt is available salt in sea area but only a few percentage amounts of utilization in eating purpose. So that we think a lot of amount of salt is remaining and low cost then we get an idea about the utilization of salt and mixing with lubricants and other binding materials we get innovative products from them. 3. According to claim,2# the invention is to that product gets good strength and easily place in various parts and fields to it. that product can have made any shape and any size any volume product and any weight can have made it that product get molded any shape as per requirement. 4. According to claim,2,3# the invention is to a process for construction of roads, walkways, footpaths, pavements, and other construction industry material, etc. from raw salt, Bitumen, unsorted waste plastics of various types and origin, plastic-type resins and related polymers comprising laying at least one sub-base layer of hollow blocks such that the hollow blocks lie horizontally adjacent to each other. 5. According to claim,2,4# the invention is to the filling the said sub-base layer of hollow blocks with bituminous mixture or asphalt or road paving material, optionally covering the said filled hollow blocks with covers/lids. The invention is to a process of producing a substantially non deliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises alkalizing and carbonating the water in a proportion equivalent
Claims (1)
- chemically to at least one-half the total magnesium and calcium salts in the water, and evaporating the treated water to dryness.6. According to claim,2,4# the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises mixing alkali with the water in a proportion suflicient to produce therein a pH value of at least 10 and to convert at least 60 per cent of the total magnesium and calcium salts in the water to the corresponding hydroxides, introducing carbon dioxide into the alkaline water to an extent approximately sufficient to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to carbonates but insufficient to lower the pH value below 8, and evaporating the entire carbonated product to dryness. 7. According to claim,2,5# the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized salt from seawater, debrominated seawater, and concentrates thereof which comprises adding sodium hydroxide to the water in a proportion substantially equivalent chemically to the magnesium and calcium salts in the water to convert them to the corresponding hydroxides, introducing gaseous carbon dioxide into the thus-treated water in a proportion approximately equal to that required to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to carbonates, and evaporating the entire carbonated product to dryness. The invention is to a process according to claim 3 wherein the water is seawater debrominated by acidification, oxidation with chlorine, and removal of the bromine thus liberated by blowing with air. 8. According to claim,2,4# the invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt from acidified debrominated seawater which comprises approximately neutralizing the water with alkali, whereby a ferric hydroxide-containing precipitate is formed, separating the precipitate, and thereafter subjecting the precipitatefree water to the process. The invention is to a process of producing a substantially nondeliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt from seawater and debrominated seawater which comprises treating the water as needed to produce a neutral pH therein, clarifying the neutral 7 water to remove solids, concentrating the clarified water by vaporizing water therefrom until a total solids content of 20 to 25per cent by weight is reached, adding sodium hydroxide to the concentrate in a proportion suflicient to produce therein a pH value of at least 10 and to convert at least 60 per cent of the total magnesium and calcium salts in the concentrate to the corresponding hydroxides, injecting carbon dioxide into the hydroxide-containing concentrate in a proportion approximately equal to that required to convert the magnesium and calcium hydroxides to normal carbonates, and heating the carbonated concentrate to vaporize water therefrom without removal of any solid phase until a sensibly dry product is obtained.9. According to claiml,2,3,8# the invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking mineralized salt consisting substantially of sea salt in which at least 50 per cent of the magnesium and calcium salts have been converted to carbonates. The invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking mineralized table salt consisting substantially of sea salt in which substantially all the magnesium and calcium salts have been converted to carbonates. 10. According to claiml,2,5,9# the invention is to a non-deliquescent non-caking table condiment derived from seawater and consisting predominantly of sodium chloride in admixture with carbonates of magnesium and calcium, sodium, magnesium and calcium being present in sub stantially the same relative proportions as in seawater, and also containing substantially all the other salts normally present in seawater in the relative proportions in which they occur in seawater.FIG.1: WASTE SALT.FIG.2: WASTE PLASTIC.FIG.3: WASTS MATERIAL.FIG.4: WASTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL.FIG.5: WASTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL.FIG.6: WASTS AGRO. MATERIAL.FIG.7: ALL TYPE OF WASTE MATERIAL.FIG.8: WASTE MATERIAL MIXER AND RE-CYCLING.FIG.9: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.10: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.11: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.12: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.13: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.14: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.15: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.16: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.17: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.18: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.19: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT.FIG.20: USING WASTE MATERIAL PRODUCT
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020102154A AU2020102154A4 (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020102154A AU2020102154A4 (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2020102154A4 true AU2020102154A4 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
Family
ID=72833560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020102154A Ceased AU2020102154A4 (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2020102154A4 (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 AU AU2020102154A patent/AU2020102154A4/en not_active Ceased
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6651383B2 (en) | Methods of utilizing waste waters produced by water purification processing | |
| Horii et al. | Processing and reusing technologies for steelmaking slag | |
| US7717173B2 (en) | Methods of improving oil or gas production with recycled, increased sodium water | |
| KR100697671B1 (en) | Soil conditioner improving physiochemical properties of clayed granule and restoring soil contaminated with heavy metals, process of manufacturing thereof and process of conditioning soil therewith | |
| RU2125039C1 (en) | Humin concentrate, method of its preparing, devices for electrochemical preparing humin concentrate (variants), method of water treatment from impurities, method of dehydration of viscous-flowing media, method of detoxication of organic compounds, method of utilization of sewage, method of making soil from natural and artificial grounds and recovery of fertility of degraded soils, method of composting organic waste, method of utilization of tap water sediments | |
| RU2408626C2 (en) | Composite material (versions) | |
| CN106064980A (en) | Ecological restoration matrix for vanadium ore waste rock storage yard and preparation method and application thereof | |
| AU2020102154A4 (en) | MMC-Salt Products: UTILIZATION SALT WITH MIXING ALL TYPES MATERIAL BECOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY | |
| KR101332201B1 (en) | Composition for promoting solidification of the field soil | |
| Jordán et al. | Environmental risk evaluation of the use of mine spoils and treated sewage sludge in the ecological restoration of limestone quarries | |
| KR101392275B1 (en) | Composition for solidification of the field soil and the process for preparing the same | |
| Wiltshire | Innovations in marine ferromanganese oxide tailings disposal | |
| CN104498051B (en) | It is a kind of to utilize soil conditioner that waste rubber powder is main material and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2005013973A (en) | Solidification material of sludge, processing method of sludge using the same and reutilizing method of solidified sludge | |
| Amunga | Stabilization of laterite soil for unpaved roads using molasses in butere and mumias sub counties | |
| RU2688536C1 (en) | Method for production of technogenic soil of bep on the basis of ash-slag wastes (versions) and technogenic soil of bep | |
| CA1152349A (en) | Coal-based, versatile bartering commodity | |
| JP4380154B2 (en) | Solidification method of mud | |
| Wiltshire | Use of marine mineral tailings for aggregate and agricultural applications | |
| JP5114840B2 (en) | Underwater fauna and flora and marine ranch using the same | |
| RU2546155C1 (en) | Material for biological reclamation of disturbed soils | |
| DE102013007409A1 (en) | Sunlight exposed surface, useful for triggering methane decomposition in the atmosphere, comprises solute and/or readily soluble iron salts that exceed a sulfur compound such as solute and/or readily soluble sulfate by specific value | |
| RU2504572C1 (en) | Composite ameliorative material | |
| Butalia et al. | * The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,† American Electric Power, Columbus, OH, United States | |
| Gaudé | ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WINTER MAINTENANCE WITH SALT |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |