AU2018214693B2 - Electromagnetic method and device for detecting defects - Google Patents
Electromagnetic method and device for detecting defects Download PDFInfo
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- AU2018214693B2 AU2018214693B2 AU2018214693A AU2018214693A AU2018214693B2 AU 2018214693 B2 AU2018214693 B2 AU 2018214693B2 AU 2018214693 A AU2018214693 A AU 2018214693A AU 2018214693 A AU2018214693 A AU 2018214693A AU 2018214693 B2 AU2018214693 B2 AU 2018214693B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
- G01N27/902—Arrangements for scanning by moving the sensors
Abstract
Device for detecting defects in multilayer structures composed of layers of ferromagnetic bars or wires having different orientations. The device comprises first magnetic means suitable for generating, in the upper layer, a magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the upper layer and as many magnetic means as there are lower layers located above the layer to be inspected, each magnetic means being assigned to a lower layer and being suitable for generating, in said lower layer, a magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of said assigned layer. The device comprises electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means arranged above the upper layer, and suitable for emitting an electromagnetic field in the layer to be inspected and for receiving, in response, signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
Description
Technical Field The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing, and in particular to an electromagnetic method and device for detecting defects.
Background
Numerous structures, such as suspension bridge cables (consisting of metal strands wound successively in various orientations), tires (incorporating metal plies in various orientations, in particular in the tread and on the sidewalls), undersea pipelines for transporting fluids (incorporating iron bars or wires wound helically in several layers to prevent the pipe from being crushed) are subjected to high stresses, which may affect them negatively. Within this last example come the flexible oil pipes, or risers, that are used at sea, which must withstand multiple stresses including internal and external pressures, longitudinal bending, or even twisting. It is then necessary to inspect these structures regularly in order to detect any change that could have severe consequences.
Among known inspection techniques, electromagnetic non destructive testing (NDT) is a widely used technique for inspecting planar or tubular metal structures and detecting defects such as complete failures, partial failures such as cracks or nicks, or thinning due to corrosion.
Patent U.S. 9,213,018 B2 from Innospection Group Limited presents a device for the non-destructive testing of substantially rigid, tubular, metal components used in the oil and gas extraction and production industries. The device is based on the known technique of partial saturation eddy current testing (PSET). A magnetizing unit allows a partially saturating magnetic field to be generated in the component to be inspected, and the variation in the impedance of an eddy current probe composed of a winding makes it possible to determine the presence of defects when the reluctance or the conductivity of the material changes with respect to a reference value. The proposed device combines the probe with a Hall Effect sensor so as to adjust the intensity of the partially saturating magnetic field in the metal layer of the component while measurement using the eddy current probe is underway. This solution generates a magnetic field in the component, the direction of the field lines of which is fixed independently of the orientation of the metal structure to be inspected.
However, some tubular components, such as the risers used to connect the seabed to an oil platform and to bring the extracted oil or gas to the surface, may be flexible and hence have a structure provided with metal armoring wires across several layers and in different orientations.
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a typical internal structure of a flexible oil riser (100). It is generally composed, from the inside outward, of an internal carcass (102) for preventing the pipe from being crushed under the effect of external pressure, of a pressure sheath (104), of a pressure vault (106), of an antiwear layer (108), of armoring that, depending on the application, consists of several plies of armor or metal layers (110, 112) separated by an antiwear layer (114) and composed of metal wires wound around each layer in different orientations, and of an outer sheath (116).
The testing of these multilayer flexible pipes, in particular the testing of the metal, and magnetic, layers of armoring wires exhibiting different orientations, presents various problems including that of inspecting the buried metal layers. Patent U.S. 9,285,345 B2 from
Innospection Group Limited proposes a non-destructive testing method and device allowing flexible risers to be inspected in situ. The device, which is based on the same implementation of the partial saturation eddy current testing (PSET) technique as the patent from the same applicant cited above, makes it possible to take a PSET measurement of a second metal layer by varying the intensity of the magnetic field generated in the riser using a set of magnetizing units encircling the riser. Here, the magnetic field is generated in a given direction (according to the figures, along the axis of the pipe to be inspected) instead of following the orientation of the magnetic wires. This results in an increase in the reluctance of the magnetic circuit and, for the same supply power, a decrease in the intensity of the magnetic field in the layers to be magnetized. The drawbacks of this approach therefore lie in the need to have very powerful magnets to produce the partial saturation required for PSET. Moreover, it is difficult to guarantee the magnetization of a specific layer.
Thus, there is a need then for a suitable solution that makes it possible to take measurements for detecting defects by means of non destructive testing in multilayer structures.
Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like which has been included in the present specification is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present disclosure as it existed before the priority date of each of the appended claims.
Summary
Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure aim to provide a device and a method for detecting defects in planar, cylindrical or other shaped structures featuring superposed plies of ferromagnetic bars or wires in various orientations.
The device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied advantageously to the detection of defects in structures such as flexible risers consisting of wires or bars coiled in at least two directions, structures such as twisted cables (for suspension bridges for example) or structures such as tire carcasses.
Advantageously, the device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may require less power than the known devices to magnetize the upper wire layers effectively.
Again advantageously, by dosing the level of magnetization for each upper layer separately, the device of the invention makes it possible to control the magnetization of the layer to be analyzed. It is possible to keep the layer to be inspected unmagnetized overall, thereby allowing the magnetic field to be guided better to detect faults therein.
To obtain the sought-after results, what is proposed is a device for detecting defects in a layer to be inspected of a structure having a stack of layers formed of an upper layer and one or more lower layers, each layer being made up of magnetic wires, the wires of each layer being oriented differently. The device comprises:
- first U-shaped magnetic means having an axis parallel to the wires of the upper layer and suitable for generating, in the upper layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the upper layer;
- as many U-shaped magnetic means as there are lower layers located above the layer to be inspected, each magnetic means having an axis parallel to the wires of a lower layer assigned to it and being suitable for generating, in said assigned lower layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of said assigned layer such that the local saturation of each lower layer is controlled independently; and
- electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means of axis oriented according to the direction of wires of the lower layer to be inspected arranged above the upper layer, the emitting/receiving means being suitable for emitting an electromagnetic field into the layer to be inspected and for receiving, in response, signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
According to different variant embodiments:
- the magnetic means are suitable for generating, in the upper layer and in each lower layer located above the layer to be inspected, a totally or partially saturating magnetic field in each of said layers;
- each of the magnetic means is suitable for separately magnetizing said assigned lower layer;
- the magnetic means are magnets;
- the magnetic means comprise one or more DC-powered windings;
- the magnetic means comprise one or more windings supplied with power for a limited time;
- the magnetic means are orientable circuits;
- the magnetic means are U-shaped magnetic circuits;
- the arms of the U are articulated;
- the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means are eddy current electromagnetic sensors having coils that emit/receive in common-function mode or separate-function mode;
- the axis of the coils can be oriented in the direction of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected;
- the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means are alternating current field measurement (ACFM) or magnetic flux leakage (MFL) means operating with DC or at very low frequencies;
- the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means can be oriented in the direction of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected;
- the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means further comprise a magnetic circuit suitable for inducing, in the lower layer to be inspected, a magnetic field for magnetizing according to the orientation of the wires in said layer to be inspected;
- the device further comprises means suitable for processing and analyzing the signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected;
- the structure is a tubular pipe;
- the structure is a flexible riser.
The invention also covers a non-destructive testing system including any one of the variants of the device of the invention.
The invention also covers a method for detecting defects in a layer to be inspected of a structure having a stack of layers formed of an upper layer and one or more lower layers, each layer being made up of magnetic wires, the wires of each layer being oriented differently. The method comprises the steps of:
- generating, in the upper layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the upper layer by means of first magnetic means and by means of as many magnetic means as there are lower layers located above the layer to be inspected, where each magnetic means is assigned to a lower layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of said assigned layer;
- emitting an electromagnetic field into the layer to be inspected by means of means arranged above the upper layer; and
- receiving, in response, signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
Description of the figures
Various aspects and advantages of the invention will appear in support of the description of one preferred, but nonlimiting, mode of implementation of the invention, with reference to the figures below:
figure 1 schematically illustrates the internal structure of a flexible oil pipe;
figure 2 schematically illustrates one variant embodiment of the device of the invention for inspecting a two-layered structure;
figures 3a and 3b show, in section along XZ and YZ, the device according to figure 2;
figure 4 schematically illustrates another variant embodiment of the device of the invention for inspecting a two-layered structure; figures 5a and 5b illustrate, in section along XZ and YZ, the device according to figure 4; figure 6 schematically illustrates one variant embodiment of the device of the invention for inspecting a three-layered structure; figure 7 illustrates the device according to figure 6 in a view from above; figures 8a and 8b show one embodiment of a non-destructive testing system including the device of the invention according to figure 2 in perspective from the side and from above; figure 9 illustrates the articulations of the arms of a magnetic U; figures 1Oa and 1Ob show one embodiment of a non-destructive testing system including the device of the invention according to figure 6 in perspective from the side and from above.
Detailed description of the invention
In general, to detect a defect in a given layer (or ply), the principle is based on locally saturating each of the layers that is located above the layer to be inspected. Using a magnetic circuit assigned to each layer above the layer to be inspected, a permanent magnetic field in the given direction of each layer is generated. The magnetic circuit assigned to each layer is oriented in the direction of the armoring wires of the layer. The saturation of each layer is controlled independently and may be complete or partial for each layer.
According to the variant embodiments, the permanent magnetic field may be generated in each layer by means of magnets or by means of one or more DC-powered windings or windings that are supplied with power for a limited duration around the measurement time so as to decrease heating or to avoid the sensor being attracted toward magnetic parts. Alternatively, the power supply may vary over a cycle, at various positions of the device for taking measurements. A person skilled in the art may derive variants, such as applying pulsed or alternating cycles per position, so as to demagnetize the materials by suppressing or attenuating the residual magnetic fields, then to provide a DC voltage pulse so as to take the measurement.
To carry out the measurement by means of non-destructive testing, an electromagnetic sensor is positioned at the surface of the structure to be inspected, above the zone which is magnetized across the various layers, and it is oriented in the direction of the wires of the layer to be inspected and moved along a wire or translated over the surface of the structure so as to produce a map of the pipe to be inspected.
According to one variant embodiment, the electromagnetic sensor is an eddy current (EC) sensor, which is well known. An EC sensor generally comprises at least one emitting circuit supplied with AC for producing a local electromagnetic field and at least one receiver that is sensitive to this electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic receiver often consists of a receiver coil (possibly several connected together, for example in differential mode), across the terminals of which an electromotive force of the same frequency as that of the alternating supply current is induced. Thus, the EC sensor of the device of the invention may have coils that emit/receive in common-function mode or separate function mode. They may allow absolute or differential measurement. As the sensor is moved over the surface of a structure to be inspected, the emitter circuit is supplied with a sinusoidal signal. An electromagnetic field of the same frequency is then emitted into the air and into the structure to be inspected. This results, across the terminals of the receiver coil, in an induced electromotive force arising both from the coupling between the emitter circuit and the receiver coil and from the magnetic field radiated by the currents induced in the structure (the eddy currents). The frequency range may be from a few tens of kilohertz to a few megahertz, typically from 10 kilohertz to 1 megahertz.
In the case of a nonuniformity being present in the inspected material (typically a crack or a local variation in the properties of the material), the flow of the induced currents is modified. The magnetic field receiver measures the magnetic field resulting from this modification in the path of the induced currents.
According to another variant, the electromagnetic sensor is an alternating current field measurement, or ACFM, sensor operating over a wide range of frequencies, such as from a few kilohertz to several hundreds of kilohertz, typically from 1 kilohertz to 300 kilohertz.
In another variant, the sensor is a magnetic flux leakage, or MFL, sensor operating conventionally with DC, or operating at very low frequencies of between a few hertz and a few tens of hertz, the receiver being a magnetoresistive sensor or a Hall effect sensor. At these frequencies, the effect of the induced currents is negligible and only the magnetic properties of the wires are involved.
The emitter of the sensor may be formed by means of circular or rectangular windings or by means of a, typically U-shaped, magnetic circuit (with an air gap), manufactured conventionally from ferrite or, potentially laminated, soft iron, around which windings are wound. The axis of this U is oriented in the direction of the wires of the buried layer in which the detection of defects is carried out.
The receiver of the sensor may include windings or field sensors, such as Hall effect sensors or else magnetoresistive (MR) sensors. This last family of sensors groups together in particular anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and giant magnetoimpedance (GMI).
Optionally, the electromagnetic sensor may further include a magnetic circuit for inducing a static magnetic field (in particular along the axis of the wires) in the layer to be inspected and allowing this layer to be inspected to be partially or completely saturated, by introducing a direct current into the windings.
Although not illustrated, the device of the invention is coupled (by wire or otherwise) to an electronic circuit comprising a unit suitable for processing and analyzing the signals from the measurements by the electromagnetic sensor so as to determine the presence or otherwise of defects in an inspected layer.
For the sake of clarity of the description and non-limiting it, the device of the invention as described in the figures is for inspecting a structure having two or three armoring layers. Furthermore, although the magnetic circuits that generate magnetic fields along the axis of the wires of the armoring layers are illustrated as a circuit with an air gap, typically taking a U-shaped geometry, a person skilled in the art is able to derive operational variants from this geometry. Thus, the "U"s may be with or without shoes (such as shown in figure 9 at the end of the arm). The purpose of these portions is to minimize the air gap (for example they may be shaped to the outer diameter of the pipe to be inspected) or else they may be more complex in shape (beveled feet, in particular) so as to increase the flow of the magnetic field through the wires.
Figures 2 to 5 schematically illustrate variant embodiments of the device of the invention for inspecting a two-layered structure. In a simplified manner, the structure is composed of a first, upper armoring layer or ply (201, 301, 401, 501) and of a second, lower armoring layer or ply (202, 302, 402, 502), deeper down, which is for example the layer to be inspected. The other layers possibly making up the structure, such as those illustrated in figure 1, are not shown. Again for the sake of simplicity and clarity, the mesh of wires of each armoring layer is shown with the wires of each layer being oriented at 900 with respect to one another.
The device of the invention comprises a first magnetic circuit (204, 304, 404, 504), shown in the shape of a "U", the axis of which runs parallel to the wires of the upper ply, allowing them to be magnetized through the application of a direct current. Preferably, the applied current allows the layer to be completely magnetized; however, the magnetization may be partial. The device further comprises an electromagnetic sensor (206, 306, 406, 506) arranged at the surface of the structure. The sensor in the example is shown with two windings operating in separate emitter/receiver (E/R) mode, the axis of which is oriented along the wires of the layer to be inspected. Figures 3a and 3b show, in section along XZ and YZ, the device illustrated in figure 2. For the sake of simplicity, a two layered structure is illustrated; however, a person skilled in the art may apply the configuration of the example to the inspection of the second layer in a structure having three or more layers.
To take the measurements, the device is translated preferably along the axis of the wires of the layer to be inspected (such as illustrated by the arrow D). However, the device may be moved along any axis.
Figure 4 schematically illustrates another variant embodiment of the device of the invention for inspecting a two-layered structure, and in which an additional magnetic circuit (408, 508) is added in order to induce a magnetic field in the layer to be inspected. The additional magnetic circuit is shown in the shape of a "U", the axis of which runs parallel to the wires of the lower ply. Figures 5a and 5b illustrate, in section along XZ and YZ, the device illustrated in figure 4. For the sake of simplicity, the example is based on a two-layered structure; however, a person skilled in the art may apply the configuration of the example to the inspection of the second layer of a structure having three or more layers.
Figures 6 and 7 schematically illustrate variant embodiments of the device of the invention for inspecting the last layer of a three-layered structure. In a simplified manner, the structure is composed of a first, upper armoring layer or ply (601, 701), of a second, upper armoring layer or ply (602, 702) and of a third, lower armoring layer or ply (603, 703), deeper down, which is to be inspected. The other layers possibly making up the structure, such as those illustrated in figure 1, are not shown. Again for the sake of simplicity and clarity, the mesh of wires of the first and second, upper layers is shown with the wires oriented by 900 with respect to one another, and the mesh of wires of the third, lower layer is shown with the wires oriented differently with respect to the two upper layers. Figure 7 illustrates a view from above of the device illustrated in figure 6 and of the mesh of the three layers.
The device of the invention comprises, in this implementation, a first magnetic circuit (604, 704), shown in the shape of a "U", the axis of which runs parallel to the wires of the first, upper ply (601, 701), and a second magnetic circuit (610, 710), shown in the shape of a "U", the axis of which runs parallel to the wires of the second, upper ply (602, 702). Each magnetic circuit allows the wires of the corresponding ply to be magnetized through the application of a direct current. Preferably, the current applied to the first magnetic circuit allows the first layer to be completely magnetized; however, the magnetization may be partial. Independently, the current applied to the second magnetic circuit preferably allows the second layer to be completely magnetized; however, the magnetization may be partial. The device further comprises an electromagnetic sensor (606, 706) arranged at the surface of the structure. The sensor is shown with two windings operating in separate E/R (emitter/receiver) mode, the axis of which is oriented along the wires of the lower layer to be inspected (603, 703). To take the measurements, the device is moved preferably along the axis of the wires of the third layer to be inspected (such as illustrated by the arrow D).
Figures 8a and 8b show one embodiment of a non-destructive testing system including the device of the invention according to figure 2 in perspective from the side (figure 8a) and from above (figure 8b). It should be noted that the wires are not shown in these figures for the sake of clarity, the wires of the upper layer being oriented in the same direction as that of the "U" and the wires of the lower layer being oriented symmetrically with respect to those of the upper layer in relation to the axis of the flexible pipe. The system comprises a carrier (802) on which a U-shaped magnetic circuit, composed of two arms (804-1, 804-2) and of a central winding (805), is mounted. The purpose of the magnetic circuit is to magnetize the wires of the upper ply in order to decrease their relative permeability. The system comprises means for positioning the electromagnetic sensor (806) on the surface of the structure. The sizing and the position of the emitter and receiver coils of the sensor are optimized for the structure to be inspected. The sensor is, preferably, located at the center of the magnetic circuit with a minimal air gap with respect to the cylinder to be inspected. In one implementation, the coils are on a thin, conformable carrier, such as a PCB, which is thin enough to be flexible, and which matches the curvature of the flexible pipe.
The carrier comprises attachment means allowing it to be matched to the diameter of any pipe to which it is attached, whether stiff or flexible. Pistons allow the carrier to be kept in contact with the flexible pipe so as to avoid variations in air gap as it moves. It is also orientable, such that the electromagnetic sensor that it bears is oriented following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the layer to be inspected.
Advantageously, the magnetic circuit is orientable so as to be positioned along the axis of the wires of the upper armoring layer. The arms of the magnetic circuit are articulated as illustrated in figure 9. The articulation of the arms allows the orientation of the "U" to be adjusted according to the orientation of the wires of the structure to be inspected and the magnetic circuit to be matched to various pipe diameters. Advantageously, the same sensor device may be used to inspect pipes with different structures.
Figures 10a and 10b show one variant embodiment of the non destructive testing system of figure 8 including the device of the invention according to figure 6 in perspective from the side (figure 10a) and from above (figure 10b). In this implementation, the system comprises a general carrier (1002) similar to that of figure 8, on which two magnetic circuits (604 and 610 of figure 6), the purpose of which is to magnetize each of the two upper armoring layers (601 and 602 of figure 6), will be mounted. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuits take the shape of a "U". Each circuit is composed of two arms (1004-1, 1004-2) and (1008-1, 1008-2) and of a central winding (1005, 1007). The system also comprises means for positioning the electromagnetic sensor (1006) on the surface of the structure. Advantageously, each magnetic circuit is orientable so as to be positioned along the axis of the wires of the upper armoring layer that it is to saturate, the arms of the "U" being articulated so that the magnetic circuit can be positioned as close as possible to the structure to be inspected. This decrease in air gap promotes the penetration of the magnetic field into the layer to be saturated and the same sensor can be used for various pipe diameters.
Thus, the present description illustrates one preferred implementation of the invention, but is nonlimiting. One exemplary application for flexible pipes has been chosen so as to allow a good understanding of the principles of the invention, but it is in no way exhaustive, and should allow a person skilled in the art to provide modifications and implementation variants for other applications. In particular, the device may be adapted for inspecting multilayer structures while keeping the same principles.
Claims (18)
1. A device for detecting defects in a layer to be inspected of a structure having a stack of layers formed of an upper layer and one or more lower layers, each layer being made up of magnetic wires, the wires of each layer being oriented differently, the device comprising:
- first U-shaped magnetic means having an axis parallel to the wires of the upper layer and suitable for generating, in the upper layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the upper layer;
- as many U-shaped magnetic means as there are lower layers located above the layer to be inspected, each magnetic means having an axis parallel to the wires of a lower layer assigned to it and being suitable for generating, in said assigned lower layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of said assigned layer such that the local saturation of each lower layer is controlled independently; and
- electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means of axis oriented according to the direction of the wires of the lower layer to be inspected, arranged above the upper layer, the emitting/receiving means being suitable for emitting an electromagnetic field into the layer to be inspected and for receiving, in response, signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic means are suitable for independently generating, in the upper layer and in each lower layer located above the layer to be inspected, a totally or partially saturating magnetic field in each of said layers.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the magnetic means are magnets.
4. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic means comprise one or more DC-powered windings.
5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the magnetic means comprise one or more windings supplied with power for a limited time.
6. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the magnetic means are orientable circuits.
7. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the arms of the U are articulated.
8. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means are eddy current electromagnetic sensors having coils that emit/receive in common function mode or separate-function mode.
9. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the axis of the coils can be oriented in the direction of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
1O.The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means are alternating current field measurement (ACFM) or magnetic flux leakage (MFL) means operating with DC or at very low frequencies.
11.The device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means can be oriented in the direction of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
12.The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the electromagnetic field emitting/receiving means further comprise a magnetic circuit suitable for inducing, in the lower layer to be inspected, a magnetic field for magnetizing according to the orientation of the wires in said layer to be inspected.
13.The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising means suitable for processing and analyzing the signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
14. The use of the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 for inspecting a tubular pipe.
15.The use of the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 for inspecting a flexible riser.
16.A non-destructive testing system comprising a device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.
17.A method for detecting defects in a layer to be inspected of a structure having a stack of layers formed of an upper layer and one or more lower layers, each layer being made up of magnetic wires, the wires of each layer being oriented differently, the method comprising:
- generating by means of first magnetic means in the upper layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of the upper layer, and generating by means of as many magnetic means as there are lower layers located above the layer to be inspected, wherein each magnetic means is assigned to a lower layer, a channelized magnetic field following the orientation of the magnetic wires of said assigned layer;
- emitting an electromagnetic field into the layer to be inspected by means of means arranged above the upper layer; and
- receiving, in response, signals representative of the state of the magnetic wires in the layer to be inspected.
18.The method as claimed in claim 17 being operated by a device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1750879 | 2017-02-02 | ||
| FR1750879A FR3062481A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2017-02-02 | ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING DEFECTS |
| PCT/EP2018/050991 WO2018141543A2 (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2018-01-16 | Electromagnetic method and device for detecting defects |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2018214693A1 AU2018214693A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
| AU2018214693B2 true AU2018214693B2 (en) | 2022-05-26 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| AU2018214693A Ceased AU2018214693B2 (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2018-01-16 | Electromagnetic method and device for detecting defects |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3577450A2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2018214693B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112019015872A2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3062481A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018141543A2 (en) |
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| CN113390955B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-04-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Visual monitoring and evaluation method for cracks of alternating current magnetic field |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3244972A (en) * | 1964-03-25 | 1966-04-05 | United States Steel Corp | Test-coil positioning mechanism |
| WO2006067524A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Esr Technology Limited | Detecting failures in flexible multistrand steel structures |
| WO2014096817A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Maps Technology Limited | Detecting failures in flexible multistrand steel structures |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59217158A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-12-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Defect detector |
| US5446382A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-08-29 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Eddy current probe having one yoke within another yoke for increased inspection depth, sensitivity and discrimination |
| GB2475315B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2014-07-16 | Innospection Group Ltd | Inspection apparatus and method |
| GB2475314B8 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2013-09-25 | Innospection Group Ltd | Remote environment inspection apparatus and method |
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2017
- 2017-02-02 FR FR1750879A patent/FR3062481A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-01-16 BR BR112019015872A patent/BR112019015872A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-01-16 WO PCT/EP2018/050991 patent/WO2018141543A2/en unknown
- 2018-01-16 EP EP18701292.7A patent/EP3577450A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-01-16 AU AU2018214693A patent/AU2018214693B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3244972A (en) * | 1964-03-25 | 1966-04-05 | United States Steel Corp | Test-coil positioning mechanism |
| WO2006067524A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Esr Technology Limited | Detecting failures in flexible multistrand steel structures |
| WO2014096817A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Maps Technology Limited | Detecting failures in flexible multistrand steel structures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2018214693A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
| BR112019015872A2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
| FR3062481A1 (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| WO2018141543A3 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
| EP3577450A2 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
| WO2018141543A2 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |