AU2017395343B2 - Simulation device for plants exposed to shallow water wave environment for long period of time - Google Patents
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Abstract
Disclosed is a simulation device for plants exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long period of time, which can realize research on a physiological and biochemical response mechanism of the plants on a long time scale under different wave parameter conditions. The simulation device comprises a water tank (1), a plant cultivation box (2) built in the water tank (1), and a crank (3), a connecting rod (4) and a traction rod (5) which are hinged successively, with hinge shafts being parallel to each other, wherein the plant cultivation box (2) is connected to the non-hinged end of the traction rod (5), the crank (3) is connected to a power source (6), and the connecting rod (4) and the traction rod (5) drive the plant cultivation box (2) to perform a linear reciprocating movement in a horizontal direction at a sinusoidal changing speed relative to still water in the water tank (1), so as to simulate a state where plants are exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long period of time.
Description
SIMULATION DEVICE FOR PLANTS EXPOSED TO SHALLOW WATER WAVE
ENVIRONMENT FOR LONG PERIOD OF TIME [0001] The present application claims the priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201710060621.2 titled SIMULATION DEVICE FOR PLANTS EXPOSED TO SHALLOW WATER WAVE ENVIRONMENT FOR LONG PERIOD OF TIME, filed with the Chinese State Intellectual Property Office on January 25, 2017, the entire disclosure which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD [0002] The present application relates to the technical field of a research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants in a wave environment, and particularly relates to a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time.
BACKGROUND [0003] A coastal ecological revetment is a direct and effective way to protect a junction zone of land and sea, which plays an important role in protecting a coastline and maintaining the balance of an ecosystem at a sea-land interface. Employing plants for coastal ecological revetment is a trend of development of coastal protection projects. Compared with the traditional methods of rigid revetment such as a seawall, a flood barrier and the like, the ecological revetment can provide habitat and maintain biological diversity, and has higher stability and better economic effect in the face of a sea level rise and storm surge invasion. There are abundant researches that plants play a role of reducing waves in the ecological revetment, however, at present, there are still some gaps in the research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants under a wave action.
[0004] Wave shoaling refers to a process that a wave length decreases, a wave height -1
English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 increases, a wave period remains unchanged, and transits from a deep water wave to a shallow water waves, since a water depth becomes shallow during the wave propagation from the ocean to the land. Salt marsh plants grow in shallow water wave areas after wave shoaling. Because the physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of salt marsh plants being exposed in different wave conditions for a long time have not been elucidated, the plant health status can be judged by monitoring key physiological and biochemical indexes of salt marsh plants under long-term wave stress, so as to provide scientific evidence for choosing plant species of ecological revetment, determining the time of transplantation and the like.
[0005] At present, a traditional wave flume generates waves mainly by a push plate, which cannot generate waves long-termly and perform a long-period research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants.
[0006] Therefore, a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time is required to be designed to simulate an actual growing environment of plants for ecological revetment, so as to perform a long-period research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants.
SUMMARY [0007] An object of the present application is to provide a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time, which can realize a long time scale research of physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants under conditions of different wave parameters.
[0008] In order to achieve the object, a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time is provided according to the present application, including a water tank, a plant culture box arranged in the water tank, and a crank, a connecting rod and a drag rod sequentially hinged and hinge shafts are parallel to each other; wherein the plant culture box is connected to an unhinged end of the drag rod, the crank is connected to a power source, and through the connecting rod and the drag rod, the crank drives the plant culture box to reciprocate linearly with respect to the still water in the water tank in a horizontal direction at a speed which is sinusoidally varied, so as to simulate a state
-2English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 of plants being exposed to the shallow water wave environment.
[0009] The simulating device provided according to the present application employs a principle of relative motion to drive the plant culture box through an assembly formed by the crank, the connecting rod and the drag rod, and then drives the plant culture box to reciprocate linearly with respect to the still water in the water tank in a horizontal direction; at this time, a speed of the plant culture box varies sinusoidally, which can simulate motion of water particles in shallow water waves, thereby simulating a state that the plants grow in the shallow water wave environment by motion of the plant culture box with respect to the still water. Compared with traditional wave generation by a push-plate, the present application converts the motion of the water particles with respect to the plant culture box to the motion of the plant culture box with respect to the water particles, which breaks through a technical bottleneck that the traditional manner of wave generation by a push plate cannot provide ideal wave environment for a long time, and can simulate for a long time, thereby providing a basis for the research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants being exposed to the shallow water wave environment for a long time, and finally provides scientific evidence for choosing plant species of ecological revetment, determining the time of transplantation and the like. Moreover, the present application can adjust a period of the plants moving with respect to water and a wave height by adjusting parameters of the crank, such as a rotating period, a rotation period, a rotation radius and the like, so as to simulate that plants grow in a wave environment with controllable wave parameters, and make a research for effects of different wave parameters on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants.
[0010] Optionally, the crank is provided with two or more hinge positions in an extending direction thereof, and the connecting rod is detachably hinged to one of the hinge positions through a hinge member.
[0011] Optionally, the hinge positions are hinge holes, and two or more hinge holes are sequentially in communication with each other in the extending direction of the crank to form a through slot, and the hinge member can be moved in the through slot to change the hinge positions to which the connecting rod is hinged.
[0012] Optionally, a ruler is arranged in an extending direction of the through slot for indicating a distance between each of the hinge positions to a rotation center of the crank.
- 3 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 [0013] Optionally, the simulating device further includes a corrector having a corrective hole being fitted with the drag rod, which allows the drag rod to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction.
[0014] Optionally, portions at two ends of the plant culture box in a moving direction are streamlines, and a middle portion is a square box for carrying a culture medium.
[0015] Optionally, the simulating device further includes a combination rack connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod, the combination rack carries two or more plant culture boxes, and the plant culture boxes are distributed at intervals in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the moving direction.
[0016] Optionally, each of the plant culture boxes is liftably mounted on the combination rack.
[0017] Optionally, the combination rack includes a transverse rack and a vertical rack, an upper end of the vertical rack is liftably connected to the transverse rack, and a lower end of the vertical rack is provided with mounting positions matching with the plant culture boxes; the transverse rack is connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod, each of two ends of a top of the water tank is provided with a guide rail extending in a same direction with the moving direction, and each of two ends of the transverse rack is slidingly or rollingly fitted with the guide rail at a same end thereof.
[0018] Optionally, the combination rack further includes a mounting rack arranged at the lower end of the vertical rack, the mounting rack extends perpendicularly to the moving direction in the horizontal plane, and the mounting rack 83 is provided with two or more mounting positions in an extending direction thereof, and each of the plant culture boxes is hung on a corresponding mounting position.
[0019] Optionally, the combination rack further includes hangers in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting positions and auxiliary racks extending in the same direction with the mounting rack. An upper end of each of the hangers is hanged on the corresponding mounting position, and a lower end of each of the hangers is used for hanging the plant culture box; the auxiliary rack is connected between hanging points of the adjacent plant culture boxes.
[0020] Optionally, the simulating device further includes a controller in communication
-4English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 with the power source by signals, the power source is a stepping motor, and the controller is configured to control a rotation period of the stepping motor to control the plants to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied in accordance with a wave period of the shallow water waves.
[0021] Optionally, pulleys or rolling wheels are arranged at the bottom of the water tank;
and/or, the water tank is provided with a first holder;
and/or, the power source is provided with a second holder, for supporting the power source to a position corresponding to the crank.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view showing a principle of a simulating device according to the present application;
[0023] Figure 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of the simulating device according to the present application;
[0024] Figure 3 is a top view showing the simulating device in Figure 2;
[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a stereostructure of an arrangement of a corrector in the simulating device according to the present application;
[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a stereostructure of an arrangement of a plant culture box in the simulating device according to the present application;
[0027] Figure 6 is a top view showing the plant culture box in Figure 5;
[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a stereostructure of an arrangement of a combination rack in the simulating device according to the present application;
| [0029] Reference Numerals in Figures 1 to 7: | ||
| 1 | water tank, | 11 guide rail, |
| 12 | rolling wheel, | 13 first holder, |
| 2 | plant culture box, | 21 streamline, |
- 5 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416
| 22 | square box, | 3 | crank, |
| 31 | through slot, | 4 | connecting rod, |
| 5 | drag rod, | 6 | power source, |
| 61 | second holder, | 62 | support platform, |
| 7 | corrector, | 71 | corrective hole, |
| 8 | combination rack, | 81 | transverse rack, |
| 82 | vertical rack, | 83 | mounting rack, |
| 84 | hanger, | 85 | auxiliary rack, |
| 86 | regulating valve , | 9 | controller. |
DETAIL DESCRIPTION [0030] A simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time is provided according to the present application, which can realize a long time scale research of physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of plants under conditions of different wave parameters.
[0031] The present application will be described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompany drawings, so that those skilled in the art can exactly understand the technical solution of the present application.
[0032] Orientations described in the present application are based on a using state of the simulating device, during usage, a direction perpendicular to the ground is an up-down direction, a perpendicular direction, or a vertical direction, a direction pointing to the ground is down, and a direction away from the ground is up. A plane perpendicular to the perpendicular direction is a horizontal plane, in the horizontal plane, a moving direction is a direction parallel to a direction in which a plant culture box moves. For facilitating description, the moving direction can be defined as a front-rear direction, a direction pointing to a crank 3 is a front direction, and a direction away from the crank 3 is a rear direction; in the horizontal plane, a transverse direction may be any direction intersecting with the front-rear direction.
- 6 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 [0033] Since salt marsh plants grow in shallow water wave area after wave shoaling, only the shallow water wave environment is simulated in the present application, and a principle of the simulating device is illustrated in detail as follows in conjunction with Figure 1.
[0034] In deep water waves, motion paths of water particles from a water surface to a water bottom are all circles, and radiuses of circular paths decrease gradually; the radiuses of the circular motion paths approach zero till a water depth is L/2 (L is a wave length). In shallow water waves, motion paths of water particles are ellipses, the elliptic motion paths become flat gradually from the water surface to the water bottom, and at the water bottom, the motion paths of the water particles become a straight line (motions of the water particles are supposed to be irrotational).
[0035] A relationship between the water depth h and the wave length L in shallow water waves is as follows:
h/L 1/20 (Equation 1)
An expression of a velocity of a water particle in a horizontal direction in shallow water waves is as follows:
w = --jpt) (Equation 2) [0036] Wherein, u is the velocity of the water particles in a horizontal direction; H is a wave height; g is gravitational acceleration; k is a number of the waves (Ι<=2π/Ε); T is a wave period; x is a position in the horizontal direction; and t is time.
[0037] Theories and experimental observations show that, a velocity of the water particle in the perpendicular direction in shallow water waves is so small as to be negligible with respect to the velocity of the water particle in the horizontal direction. Therefore, a flow velocity of the water particle in the perpendicular direction in shallow water waves is neglected herein, and the flow velocity of the water particle in the vertical direction is recorded as zero.
[0038] As shown in Figure 1, a crank OP in a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is driven by a stepping motor to make a circular motion of radius R and circle center O (a circular dotted line in the figure is a motion path of a point P), and then the crank OP allows a connecting rod PQ (with a length 1) to move, making a point Q and an object rigidly connected to the point Q to reciprocate linearly in a horizontal direction of OQ.
-7English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 (Equation 3) (Equation 4) [0039] Herein, a velocity of the point Q and the object below and driven by the point Q in the horizontal direction can be expressed as:
u' = coRsin0( 1 + Rc°s6 )
Έ -R2sin20 n 2nt θ= (Dt=--V [0040] Wherein, u’ is the velocity of the point Q and the object below and driven by the point Q in the horizontal direction; ω is an angular velocity; Θ is a rotation angle within the time t; and T’ is a rotation period of the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism driven by the stepping motor.
[0041] In the case that the length 1 of the connecting rod PQ is significantly greater than a length R of the crank OP, that is, 1»R, the velocity of the point Q and the object below and driven by the point Q in the horizontal direction can approximately be expressed as a sine function :
, 2π 2nt u «—Rsin(---) rpt ' Z (Equation 5) [0042] The expression of the flow velocity of the water particle in the horizontal direction in shallow water waves is a cosine function (Equation 2), an expression of the moving velocity of the object driven by the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism in the horizontal direction is a sine function (Equation 5) , and there is a mutual transformation relationship between the above two velocity expressions; making Equation 2 and Equation 5 to be simultaneous equations, if wave shapes of the cosine function and the sine function are consistent at a given position x, it can be deduced that:
Τ'-T (Equation 6)
R = ——J— (Equation 7)
4π v h [0043] That is, the rotation period T’ of the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is equal to the wave period of the shallow water waves; in the case that the water depth h is constant, there is a mutual transformation relationship between the length R of the crank of the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism and the wave height H of the shallow water waves.
[0044] It can be seen from the above analysis that, the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism can be employed to simulate the motion of the water particles in the shallow water
English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 waves.
[0045] As described in the background, the manner of wave generation by a push plate cannot generate waves for a long time. On one hand, a wave flume generally has a length of 10-20 meters, thus, for pushing water in the entire flume to generate waves, a mechanical system requires a large load, and is difficult to operate for a long time; on the other hand, long-term wave generation in a closed flume will result in continuous reflection and superposition of the waves, making the wave shapes scattered and difficult to meet the ideal wave conditions required for experiments.
[0046] In view of the above technical problems, a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time is designed in conjunction with the above principles according to the present application. The simulating device employs a principle of relative motion, drives the plants to move by the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, allows the plants to simulate the motion of water particles in the shallow water waves, so as to simulate a state of the plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time, thereby providing a basis for a research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of the plants.
[0047] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time is provided according to the present application, including a water tank 1 and a plant culture box 2 arranged in the water tank 1, wherein seawater can be poured into the water tank 1 as required to immerse the plant culture box 2 in the water tank 1, which allows the plant cultured in the plant culture box 2 to be partially immersed. The present application further includes a crank 3, a connecting rod 4 and a drag rod 5 hinged in a listed sequence, wherein the crank 3 is connected to a power source 6, and is driven by the power source 6 to rotate, an end of the connecting rod 4 is hinged to the crank 3, and another end of the connecting rod 4 is hinged to the drag rod 5. Specifically, ends of the cranks, the connecting rod 4 and the drag rod 5 can be used as hinged ends and hinged to form a connecting rod assembly, and hinge shafts of hinge positions are parallel to each other, so that the crank 3, the connecting rod 4 and the drag rod 5 are in a same plane or in planes parallel to each other, thereby ensuring the reliability of crank-connecting rod-drag rod driving, so that power can be stably transmitted to the drag rod 5 in a same direction. When the power source 6 drives the crank 3 to rotate, the crank 3 drives the end hinged to the crank
-9English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 of the connecting rod 4 to move in a circular motion with a rotation radius of the crank 3; since a motion of the end hinged to the drag rod 5 of the connecting rod 4 is limited in an up-down direction, when the end of the connecting rod 4 moves in a circular motion, another end of the connecting rod 4 reciprocates linearly in a horizontal direction, and also allows the drag rod 5 hinged to the end of the connecting rod 4 to reciprocates linearly in the horizontal direction. Moreover, it can be seen from above principles that, a velocity of the drag rod 5 in the horizontal direction varies sinusoidally. Meanwhile, an end opposite to the end hinged to the connecting rod 4 of the drag rod 5 is an unhinged end, the plant culture box 2 is connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod 5, and the plant culture box 2 is rigidly connected to the drag rod 5 in the horizontal direction, so that the drag rod 5 can drive the plant culture box 2 rigidly connected to the drag rod 5 to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied in the horizontal direction. Since the water in the water tank 1 is still, the plant culture box 2 reciprocates linearly with respect to the still water in the water tank 1. This motion actually simulates motions of water particles in the shallow water waves, in this way, the state of the shallow water wave environment for long-term growth of the plants is simulated.
[0048] The simulating device according to the present application employs the connecting rod assembly formed by the crank 3, the connecting rod 4 and the drag rod 5 to drive the plant culture box 2 to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied in the horizontal direction, so as to simulate motions of water particles in the shallow water waves, and simulate the state of the shallow water wave environment for long-term growth of the plants. Compared with the wave generation by the push plate in the conventional art, a relative small energy is required to drive the plant culture box 2, and a long-term simulation can be maintained; and compared with the wave generation by the push plate, the motion of the streamlined plant culture box 2 minimizes a water flow resistance, which will not cause great impact on the still water in the water tank 1, and the water in the water tank 1 can maintain relatively still, the reality and the reliability of the simulation will not be affected by problems such as disordered wave shapes caused by reflection and the like, the shallow water wave environment of the long-term growth of the plants can be simulated, and experimental requirements can be met. It can be seen that, the present application breaks through a technical bottleneck that the traditional manner of wave generation by a push plate cannot provide ideal wave environment for a long time, and provides a basis for the research on physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of the shallow water wave environment
- io English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 for long-term growth of the plants.
[0049] Besides, the crank 3 may be provided with two or more hinge positions in an extending direction thereof, and the connecting rod 4 can be optionally hinged to one of the hinge positions. Specifically, the connecting rod 4 can be detachably hinged to the hinge position through a hinge member, so that a suitable rotation radius can be chosen to change the wave height of the simulated shallow water waves. The rotation radius herein refers to a distance from a rotation center of the crank 3 to a hinge point of the connecting rod 4 and the crank 3 in the extending direction of the crank 3, the rotation radius is equivalent to a distance R mentioned before, which is in a mutual transformation relationship with the wave height H of the simulated shallow water waves.
[0050] In a specific embodiment, the hinge positions may be hinge holes, two or more hinge holes are sequentially in communication with each other in the extending direction of the crank 3 to form a through slot 31 extending in the same direction with the crank 3. A hinge hole can be formed with any point in the extending direction of the through slot 31 as a circle center, and with a radius matching with the hinge member, in this way, different hinge holes can be chosen when the hinge member moves along the through slot 31, so as to change the hinge position to which the connecting rod 4 is hinged, and obtain different rotation radiuses. By arranging the through slot 31, the connecting rod 4 is basically allowed to choose the hinge position in a manner of stepless adjustment, so as to realize stepless adjustment of the rotation radius, which improves an accuracy of adjustment, and realizes accurate simulation of the wave height.
[0051] A ruler may be further arranged in an extending direction of the through slot 31 for indicating a distance between each of the hinge positions to a rotation center of the crank 3, that is, for indicating a size of R, which allows those skilled in the art to choose the suitable rotation radius as required, and improves the convenience of changing the rotation radius that there is no need to measure every time the rotation radius has been changed.
[0052] The through slot 31 has a variety of structural forms, which may extend a certain length from the rotation center of the crank 3, and may also be approximately arranged over an entire length direction of the crank 3 to improve the flexibility of adjustment of the hinge positions and extend an adjustment range; or, taking a position at a certain distance from the rotation center of the crank 3 as a starting point, the through slot 31 may extends a certain
- ii English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 length in a direction away from the rotation center, as long as an effective adjustment range can be formed for the hinge of the connecting rod 4. According to different structural forms of the through slot 31, the ruler can be differently arranged, for example, the ruler can extend in the length direction of the entire crank 3, or can be labeled only at a corresponding position of the through slot 31. The specific form of labeling is not limited to a size of the rotation radius being directly read, and the size of the rotation radius can also be obtained by indirect calculation.
[0053] As shown in Figure 4, the present application may further include a corrector 7. The corrector 7 is provided with a corrective hole 71 being fitted with the drag rod 5. The drag rod 5 penetrates through the corrective hole 71 and maintains a linear reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction under the restriction of the corrective hole 71, which ensures that the motion of the drag rod 5 is in the horizontal direction.
[0054] The corrective hole 71 can be fitted with the drag rod 5 in a manner of a shaft and a hole. On one hand, the drag rod 5 can be allowed to move in the horizontal direction with respect to the corrective hole 71, and on the other hand, the drag rod 5 can be restricted from moving in other directions except the horizontal direction.
[0055] The corrector 7 may be provided as a square block structure with a horizontal through circular hole being formed in the middle of the square block structure. The circular hole is the corrective hole 71, the drag rod 5 can horizontally penetrate through the corrective hole 71, which allows the corrective hole 71 to restrict the motion of the drag rod 5, plays roles of correcting and position limiting, and prevents the drag rod 5 from moving in other directions than the horizontal direction.
[0056] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, in the present application, portions at two ends of the plant culture box 2 in a moving direction are streamlines 21, and a middle portion may be arranged as a square box 22 for carrying a culture medium.
[0057] The alleged streamlines 21 mean that a tangent line at any point on a curved surface of a streamline is consistent with a direction of a flow vector of airflow or water flow at the point, which is characterized by an oval-shaped body and a smooth appearance. A streamlined structure can minimize an outside resistance on an object in motion. Specifically, in the present application, the portions at the two ends of the plant culture box 2 in the moving direction are streamlines 21, and the middle portion between two streamlined structures is the
- 12 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 square box 22. Therefore in the present application, each of rear ends of the streamlines 21 does not employ a structural form with a pointed end, but is connected by the square box 22 instead.
[0058] In the moving direction, the plant culture box 2 reduces the resistance of the water flow to the motion by the streamlined structures at the two ends of the plant culture box 2. A culture medium such as soil and the like is loaded in the square box 22 in the middle portion, and plants are planted in an area of the square box 22 to facilitate the determination of a planting density of the plants. Specifically, the square box 22 may be filled up with the culture medium, and an upper end of the square box 22 is opened so that the plants are exposed outside the square box 22. Meanwhile, a surface of the culture medium may further be covered with a piece of gauze to alleviate scour of the water flow to the culture medium during the motion. The plant culture box 2 may be specifically made of acrylic material, and the streamlines 21 at the two ends may be arranged to be hollow structural forms, so as to reduce a weight of the plant culture box 2. In the case that the middle portion of the plant culture box 2 is arranged as the square box 22, those skilled in the art can plant the plants in a determinant arrangement manner by referring to sides of the square box 22, so that the plants are arranged with an fixed interval or distributed according to a certain rule. Compared with the structure of the streamlines 21, the square box 22 makes it easier to determine the planting density of the plant.
[0059] On the above basis, the present application further includes a combination rack 8 connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod 5. The combination rack 8 carries two or more plant culture boxes 2, and the plant culture boxes 2 are distributed at intervals in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the moving direction. In the moving direction, a relative position of each of the plant culture boxes 2 maintains the same, and parallel experiments can be performed to meet statistical requirements of the experimental results. In order to better meet requirements of the parallel experiments, the combination rack 8 can carry three plant culture boxes 2, and intervals between adjacent two plant cultivar boxes 2 of the three plant cultivar boxes 2 remains to be equal.
[0060] As shown in Figure 7, the plant culture boxes 2 can be mounted on the combination rack 8 in a liftable manner so that each of the plant culture boxes 2 can be raised and lowered in order to change an immersed height in the water tank 1. Particularly, when the plants are
- 13 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 immersed in water for a long time, and the growth of the plants is affected for poor breathing, a liftable structural form can be employed to raise the plant culture box 2 above the water surface regularly or as required to provide a breathing environment for the plants, and then lower the plants to a partially immersed state and continue the experiment. This kind of structure setting is more flexible, and can also adjust the immersed height of the plants as required, which meets the experimental requirements while taking into account the growth requirements of the plants, thereby the experiment can be performed for a long time.
[0061] In order to realize raising and lowering of the plant culture box 2, the combination rack 8 according to the present application may include a transverse rack 81 and a vertical rack 82. The vertical rack 82 extends upward and downward, an upper end of the vertical rack 82 is liftably connected to the transverse rack 81, and a lower end of the vertical rack 82 is provided with mounting positions matching with the plant culture boxes 2, which allows that each of the plant culture boxes 2 can be mounted at the lower end of the vertical rack 82. When the plant culture box 2 is required to be raised or lowered, only the mounting position of the vertical rack 82 with respect to the transverse rack 81 is required to be changed, that is, the vertical rack 82 is moved upward or downward. The operation is simple and convenient, and is not required to directly stick below the water surface to operate the plant culture box 2 directly, thus is easier to be realized, and can better meet the experimental requirements.
[0062] Specifically, the vertical rack 82 and the transverse rack 81 may achieve an liftable connection through a connecting member such as a regulating valve 86 or the like. Specifically, a connecting structure such as a connecting hole or a clamping position matching with connecting member may be provided, then the positioning may be achieved through the connecting member such as the regulating valve 86 or the like; the positioning is removed in the case that the lifting adjustment is required, and a proper height is chosen for reinstallation and fixation. Or, a gear and a rack in cooperation with each other may also be arranged at the vertical rack 82 and the transverse rack 81 respectively, and are arranged in a structural form that can realize self-locking, which allows the rack to extend in the up-down direction, and the gear is driven to rotate to change an up-down position of the vertical rack 82, so that the plant culture box 2 is raised or lowered.
[0063] Meanwhile, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the transverse rack 81 is connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod 5. Each of two ends of a top of the water tank 1 is provided with
- 14 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 a guide rail 11 extending in a same direction with the moving direction, and each of two ends of the transverse rack 81 is slidingly or rollingly fitted with the guide rail 11 at the same end thereof. When the drag rod 5 moves in the horizontal direction, the transverse rack 81 is driven to move along the guide rail 11 in the horizontal direction. Since a relative position of the transverse rack 81 with respect to the vertical rack 82 in horizontal direction is fixed, the vertical rack 82 and the plant culture boxes 2 connected to the lower end of the vertical rack 82 can be driven to move in the horizontal direction by the transverse rack 81.
[0064] In this case, the guide rail 11 is employed to support and guide the transverse rack 81, which, on one hand, improves moving accuracy of the plant culture boxes 2 in the horizontal direction, on the other hand, provides reliable support for the plant culture boxes 2 so as to allow each of the plant culture boxes 2 to be maintained in a same height, thereby better meeting the requirements of the parallel experiments.
[0065] The transverse rack 81 may extend perpendicularly to the moving direction in the horizontal plane, that is, the transverse rack 81 may be arranged parallel to a direction which the plant culture boxes 2 are distributed, in this case, the synchronism of the motion of the transverse rack 81 and the vertical rack 82 in the front-rear direction is relatively high, which can improve the reliability of power transmission. Besides, the transverse rack 81 is not limited to extending in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction, those skilled in the art may also adjust an extending direction of the transverse rack 81 as required, for example, the transverse rack 81 is allowed to deviate from the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of a small angle, on premise that the driving of the plant culture boxes 2 is not affected.
[0066] In addition, the combination rack 8 further includes a mounting rack 83 arranged at the lower end of the vertical rack 82. The mounting rack 83 extends perpendicularly to the moving direction in the horizontal plane, and the mounting rack 83 is provided with two or more mounting positions in an extending direction thereof, and each of the plant culture boxes 2 is hung on a corresponding mounting position. Or, those skilled in the art may arrange an integrated mounting position for the plant culture boxes 2 as required to realize unified assembly.
[0067] By employing a structural form of the mounting rack 83, mounting positions of the plant culture boxes 2 are integrated on the mounting rack 83, and the plant culture boxes 2 are
- 15 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 uniformly hung on the mounting positions, which can achieve unified deployment of the plant culture boxes 2, and can also improve the stability of the plant culture boxes 2, particularly can maintain relative positions of the plant culture boxes 2, so as to ensure experimental conditions.
[0068] Besides, the combination rack 8 may further include hangers 84 and auxiliary racks 85. The hangers 84 is in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting positions. The auxiliary racks 85 extend in the same direction with the mounting racks 83. An upper end of each of the hangers 84 is hanged on the corresponding mounting position, and a lower end of each of the hangers 84 is used for hanging the plant culture box 2. In this case, the hanger 84 may extend upward and downward. Specifically, two or more upright rods are provided to be connected to two sides of the plant culture box 2 by hanging. The auxiliary rack 85 is connected between hanging points of the adjacent plant culture boxes 2 for assisted reinforcement. Specifically, the auxiliary racks 85 may be connected to the hanging points of each of the hangers 84 and the plant culture box 2, and threaded connection, welded connection or the like may be employed.
[0069] Besides, as shown in Figure 3, the present application may further include a controller 9 in communication with the power source 6 by signals. Specifically, a stepping motor may be employed as the power source 6, and a rotation period of the stepping motor is controlled by the controller 9. As described hereinbefore, the rotation period of the stepping motor is consistent with the wave period of the shallow water waves. Therefore, by controlling the rotation period of the stepping motor, the plants can be controlled to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied in accordance with the wave period of the shallow water waves.
[0070] The present application may be further provided with an auxiliary structure to improve the convenience of use. For example, pulleys or rolling wheels 12 may be arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1 to assist in moving the water tank 1, so as to choose a mounting location suitable for the water tank 1 as required. The water tank 1 may further be provided with a first holder 13 for supporting the water tank 1, so as to improve the stability of the water tank 1. An upper end of the first holder 13 may be fixedly connected to a top of the water tank 1, and a lower end of the first holder 13 may incline outward with respect to the water tank 1 for improving the reliability of support. Moreover, the lower end of the first
- 16 English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 holder 13 may further be provided with a structure such as a suction cup or the like, so that the first holder 13 may be stably secured to the ground. The power source 6 may be provided with a second holder 61, a support platform 62 may be arranged at a top of the second holder 61, and the power source 6 and the crank 3 can be mounted on the support platform 62, allowing the power source 6 to be located at a position at a corresponding height of the crank 3, thereby improving the reliability of the driving on the crank 3. The second holder 61 can be arranged similarly to the first holder 13. The “first” and “second” herein are only used to distinguish two holders, which do not represent special restrictions on an order of arrangement.
[0071] Working processes of the present application are as follows:
firstly, constructing a simulation device according to Figure 2, pouring seawater into the water tank 1 and setting the water depth, wherein the water depth herein refers to a height of the water surface of the seawater poured into the water tank 1, which depends on a volume of the poured water and a size of the water tank 1; then, filling the plant culture box 2 with the soil wrapped with a piece of fine gauze as the culture medium, wherein the soil is wrapped with the piece of fine gauze to alleviate the erosion caused by scour of the water flow; using the regulating valve 86 on the combination rack 8 to set a depth of the plants immersed by seawater in the water tank 1; wherein, in the experiment, the wave period of the simulated shallow water waves where the plants are located is equal to the rotation period of the crank, therefore, setting the controller 9 to drive the stepping motor to rotate according to a determined rotation period, and then driving the plants to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied according to the wave period of the shallow water waves, so as to simulate that the plants grow in shallow water waves of different wave periods;
according to the transformation relationship between the wave height and the rotation radius of the crank, a parameter of the wave height may be transformed to the rotation radius of the crank, so as to simulate that the plants grow in environments of different wave heights; starting switches of the controller 9 and the stepping motor, wherein the plants in the plant culture box 2 are driven by the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction, so as to simulate the motion of the water particles in the shallow water waves, and the principle of relative motion is used to simulate the plants being exposed to the shallow water waves with controllable wave parameters (including the wave period
- 17English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416 and the wave height) for a long time, thereby monitoring physiological and biochemical response mechanisms of the plants to wave stress;
after completing a set of above experiments with the water depth, the wave period and the wave height fixed, changing the water depth of the water tank 1, setting the rotation period 5 of the stepping motor by the controller 9, adjusting the rotation radius of the crank in the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, and repeating above experimental steps to complete experiments under other wave parameters.
[0072] A simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time according to the present application is described in detail hereinbefore. The 10 principle and the embodiments of the present application are illustrated herein by specific examples. The above description of examples is only intended to help the understanding of the method and the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a few of modifications and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and these modifications and 15 improvements are also deemed to fall into the scope of the present application defined by the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A simulating device for plants being exposed to a shallow water wave environment for a long time, comprising a water tank (1), a plant culture box (2) arranged in the water tank (1), and a crank (3), a connecting rod (4) and a drag rod (5) hinged in a listed sequence and hinge shafts are parallel to each other; wherein the plant culture box (2) is connected to an unhinged end of the drag rod (5), the crank (3) is connected to a power source (6), and through the connecting rod (4) and the drag rod (5), the crank (3) drives the plant culture box (2) to reciprocate linearly with respect to still water in the water tank (1) in a horizontal direction at a speed, which is sinusoidally varied, for simulating a state of the plants being exposed to the shallow water wave environment for a long time.
2. The simulating device according to claim 1, wherein the crank (3) is provided with two or more hinge positions in an extending direction of the crank (3), and the connecting rod (4) is detachably hinged to one of the hinge positions through a hinge member.
3. The simulating device according to claim 2, wherein the hinge positions are hinge holes, two or more hinge holes are sequentially in communication with each other in the extending direction of the crank (3) to form a through slot (31), and the hinge member is configured to move in the through slot (31) to change the hinge position to which the connecting rod (4) is hinged.
4. The simulating device according to claim 3, wherein a ruler is arranged in an extending direction of the through slot (31) for indicating a distance between each of the hinge positions to a rotation center of the crank (3).
5. The simulating device according to claim 1, wherein the simulating device further comprises a corrector (7) having a corrective hole (71) being fitted with the drag rod (5), which allows the drag rod (5) to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction.
- 19English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416
6. The simulating device according to claim 1, wherein portions at two ends of the plant culture box (2) in a moving direction are streamlines (21), and a middle portion is a square box (22) for carrying a culture medium.
7. The simulating device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the simulating device further comprises a combination rack (8) connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod (5), the combination rack (8) carries two or more plant culture boxes (2), and the plant culture boxes (2) are distributed at intervals in a horizontal plane and perpendicular to the moving direction.
8. The simulating device according to claim 7, wherein each of the plant culture boxes (2) is liftably mounted on the combination rack (8).
9. The simulating device according to claim 8, wherein the combination rack (8) comprises a transverse rack (81) and a vertical rack (82), an upper end of the vertical rack (82) is liftably connected to the transverse rack (81), and a lower end of the vertical rack (82) is provided with mounting positions matching with the plant culture boxes (2); the transverse rack (81) is connected to the unhinged end of the drag rod (5), each of two ends of a top of the water tank (2) is provided with a guide rail (11) extending in a same direction with the moving direction, and each of two ends of the transverse rack (81) is slidingly or rollingly fitted with the guide rail (11) at the end.
10. The simulating device according to claim 9, wherein the combination rack (8) further comprises a mounting rack (83) arranged at the lower end of the vertical rack (82), the mounting rack (83) extends perpendicularly to the moving direction in the horizontal plane, and is provided with two or more mounting positions in an extending direction of the mounting rack (83), and each of the plant culture boxes (2) is hung on a corresponding mounting position.
-20English translation of PCT/CN2017/091416
11. The simulating device according to claim 10, wherein the combination rack (8) further comprises hangers (84) in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting positions and auxiliary racks (85) extending in the same direction with the mounting rack (83), an upper end of each of the hangers (84) is hanged on the corresponding mounting position, and a lower
5 end of each of the hangers (84) is used for hanging the plant culture box (2); each of the auxiliary racks (85) is connected between hanging points of the adjacent plant culture boxes (2).
12. The simulating device according to claim 7, wherein the simulating device further 10 comprises a controller (9) in communication with the power source (6) by signals, the power source (6) is a stepping motor, and the controller (9) is configured to control a rotation period of the stepping motor to control the plants to reciprocate linearly at a speed which is sinusoidally varied in accordance with a wave period of the shallow water waves.
15 13. The simulating device according to claim 7, wherein pulleys or rolling wheels (12) are arranged at a bottom of the water tank (1);
and/or, the water tank (1) is provided with a first holder (13);
and/or, the power source (6) is provided with a second holder (61), for supporting the power source (6) to a position corresponding to the crank (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710060621.2A CN106710418B (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2017-01-25 | Simulator for long-term exposure of plants to shallow water wave environment |
| CN201710060621.2 | 2017-01-25 | ||
| PCT/CN2017/091416 WO2018137317A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2017-07-03 | Simulation device for plants exposed to shallow water wave environment for long period of time |
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| CN106710418B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2023-10-13 | 北京师范大学 | Simulator for long-term exposure of plants to shallow water wave environment |
| CN108122463B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2024-07-09 | 广西师范大学 | Water wave power generation device simulator and simulation method |
| CN109362552B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2024-05-14 | 杭州师范大学 | Multifunctional wave flushing and wind friction simulation culture device and operation method |
| CN112213123B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-05-20 | 浙江森森汽车零部件有限公司 | Automobile shock absorber ware performance detection device |
| CN114467560B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-12-16 | 三峡大学 | Water-level-fluctuating zone vegetation planting experimental device and method for simulating reservoir wave washing |
| CN114999286A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-02 | 江苏六鑫科教仪器设备有限公司 | Doppler effect experiment instrument with adjustable movement speed |
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| CN104091511A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-08 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Force converting system of rocker panel type wave maker in high gravity field |
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| AU2017395343A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
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| CN106710418B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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