AU2016225933A1 - Improvements in animal tags - Google Patents

Improvements in animal tags Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2016225933A1
AU2016225933A1 AU2016225933A AU2016225933A AU2016225933A1 AU 2016225933 A1 AU2016225933 A1 AU 2016225933A1 AU 2016225933 A AU2016225933 A AU 2016225933A AU 2016225933 A AU2016225933 A AU 2016225933A AU 2016225933 A1 AU2016225933 A1 AU 2016225933A1
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
component
penetrating
chamber
shoulder
animal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
AU2016225933A
Inventor
William Hendriks
Kurt Schnepf
John James Steinfort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GOLD RYTHMN Pty Ltd
KCS AUSTRALIA Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
GOLD RYTHMN Pty Ltd
KCS AUSTRALIA Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2009904895A external-priority patent/AU2009904895A0/en
Application filed by GOLD RYTHMN Pty Ltd, KCS AUSTRALIA Pty Ltd filed Critical GOLD RYTHMN Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2016225933A priority Critical patent/AU2016225933A1/en
Publication of AU2016225933A1 publication Critical patent/AU2016225933A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K11/00Marking of animals
    • A01K11/001Ear-tags

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a component of a tag, the component adapted to receive and retain a penetrating member in a chamber of the component after skin of an animal has been pierced by the penetrating member, the method including the steps 5 of: forming material from which the component is made using a male mould component and a female mould component; and providing a channel in the male mould component to enable the release to atmosphere of air between the male and female mould components as the material is 10 formed. 2n2

Description

IMPROVEMENTS IN ANIMAL TAGS
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to improvements in tags for attachment to an animal and their manufacture.
Background of the Invention
Tagging of animals is done to provide identification of animals as well as tracking or monitoring the movement of animals. Recent tag designs have incorporated a pair of penetrating members on a penetrating component joined by a substantially flat joining member. Each of the penetrating members are designed to fit into slots of a locking member after penetrating the skin of the animal, through the use of a pin applicator. Once in place, the penetrating component having the penetrating members is designed not to come apart from its corresponding locking member between which the skin of the animal is secured. Identification is usually provided in the form of visual indicia provided on a flag, for example, attached to the locking member or on the joining member of the penetrating component. Electronic components such as transponders can also be used to readily identify and track the animals.
Examples of prior art twin penetrating member animal tags are given in Australian patent Nos. 2007200078, 2002248997 and 2003265730. A particular disadvantage occurs when animals, having such tags fitted, rub the part of its anatomy where the tag is located against an object such as a fence post, fence wire or gate. The joining member, which commonly resides on, for example, the back side of an ear of the animal, gets snagged against the object. The object is lodged between the ear of the animal and the underneath side of the joining member thus providing a point of purchase against which the animal can attempt to dislodge or remove the penetrating members from the corresponding locking member.
Once the tag is dislodged or totally removed it becomes very difficult and somewhat impossible to track and/or identify the animal.
Existing manufacturing techniques for manufacturing the locking member of the tag has led to no cap or cover being provided on the end of the bore of the female member which receives the penetrating component. Such an open ended arrangement can potentially lead to infection of the animal where the tag is connected. Other manufacturing processes have provided a cap at the end of the bore to effectively make the receiving section a blind bore but this has generally involved a two-part or two-step manufacturing process. Firstly the bore or bores that act as a receiving component are formed as part of the female member and in the second step a thin cap is provided over the end of the bore in order to seal the unit, which is usually glued or friction welded over the bore end. This has the disadvantage of providing an additional step in the process which adds to the cost and time involved in such a two-part process.
Another problem in manufacturing such tags, which is primarily done through injection moulding of plastic material, is that air can be trapped in the mould that forms the tag. If the trapped air is unable to escape from within the mould, it is compressed by the pressure of the incoming plastic material and squeezed into corners or crevices of the cavity of the second receiving part of the mould. This can prevent the complete filling of the cavity with plastic material and lead to other defects as well, such as the air becoming so compressed that it eventually ignites and bums the surrounding plastic material. Thus, there is a requirement to sufficiently remove any trapped air in the moulding process.
Another problem with such a moulding process is that it can in some instances be difficult to remove the male part of the mould through a narrow throat, which is formed to provide entry by a penetrating member or stem that forms part of the male part of the tag, without weakening or destroying or otherwise deforming the plastic material around the throat.
The present invention provides an improvement to such tags and to the manufacture of the tags.
The above references to and descriptions of prior proposals or products are not intended to be, and are not to be construed as, statements or admissions of common general knowledge in the art in Australia. , 4
Summary of the Invention
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a component of a tag, the component adapted to receive and retain a penetrating member in a chamber after skin of an animal has been pierced by the penetrating member, the method including the steps of: foiming material in the shape of the component using a male mould component and a female mould component; providing a channel in the male mould component to enable the release to atmosphere of air between the male and female mould components as the material is formed.
The method may further include providing a reaction area around an opening to the chamber of the component against which a tool abuts in order to assist in withdrawing the male mould component after the formation of the material, the reaction area enabling resilient deformation of the component to enable the withdrawal of the male mould components.
The method can include providing a shoulder between the chamber and a throat in the component so shaped to enable withdrawal of the male mould component but retain the penetrating member in the chamber.
The method may produce the component integrally in a single step. According to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a tag for attachment to an animal including: a penetrating component having a pair of spaced apart penetrating members joined by an elongate intermediate portion at respective ends of the intermediate portion, each penetrating member having a stem extending outwardly from the intermediate portion and having a first end of the stem joined to the intermediate portion and a second end of the stem terminating in a penetrating head, the penetrating head having a distal point and a base forming a shoulder around the stem of the penetrating member; a complementary component, separate from the penetrating component, having a pair of apertures arranged to receive respective penetrating members of the penetrating component so as to provide positive engagement of each respective shoulder of the penetrating heads with the complementary component; each stem having a bore open at the first end to receive a respective pin of an applicator to assist in piercing the skin of the animal and positively engage the shoulders with the complementary component; wherein a section of material of the intermediate portion between each bore and a respective end of the intermediate portion is dimensioned so that there is no overhanging part of the intermediate portion at each end of the intermediate portion to prevent the penetrating component being dislodged by the animal from the complementary component after positive engagement of the shoulders with the complementary component.
In an embodiment, the elongate intermediate portion has first and second ends and the position of the stem bores is such that a thin section of material forming part of the intermediate portion exists between each bore and a respective end of the intermediate portion. A pair of opposed sides of the intermediate portion may be substantially parallel to one another and extend directly between the thin sections of material around each bore. Alternatively, the intermediate portion may have a pair of opposed sides that each taper outwardly from the first and second ends to meet at a mid-point in each side.
In a further embodiment the stem of each penetrating member has a first section of larger diameter than a second section of the stem, such that the second section is adjacent the penetrating head and protrudes through a respective aperture of the complementary component whereas the first section does not protrude through the respective aperture. The first section and second section of each penetrating member may join at a transition area and the transition area can abut against a top surface of the complementary component around said pair of apertures.
The penetrating heads of the penetrating members may each have a pair of opposed flanges having a relatively sharp edge terminating at the distal point of the head, to assist in piercing the skin of the animal.
The shoulder of each penetrating head may be positioned in a locking engagement with the complementary component against a surface around a respective aperture of the complementary component to ensure that the penetrating head is unable to detach from the complementary component.
The penetrating component is preferably integrally formed as a single unit. The complementary component is preferably integrally formed as a single unit.
The penetrating component and the complementary component may each be made by an injection moulding process.
Brief Description of the Drawings A preferred embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings in which:
Figure la is a perspective view from above of a penetrating component of a tag for attachment to an animal according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure lb is a plan view of the penetrating component of Figure la;
Figure lc is a front view of the penetrating component of Figure la;
Figure Id is a side view of the penetrating component of Figure la;
Figure 2 is a perspective view from above showing a further embodiment of a penetrating component of a tag ready to be fitted to a complementary component;
Figure 3 is a perspective view from above showing the penetrating component fitted to the complementary component after the two penetrating members of the penetrating component have pierced a corresponding body portion of the animal;
Figure 4 is a perspective view from above showing the penetrating component fitted and locked to the complementary component which has a flag for identification of the animal;
Figure 5 is a sectional side view of a mould in the process of producing a complementary female receiving member of a tag for attachment to an animal;
Figure 6 is a sectional side view of the complementary female receiving member produced from the mould shown in Figure 5;
Figures 7 (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are respectively a bottom view, front view, front sectional view, side view and side sectional view of a complementary female receiving member for receiving a pair of penetrating members of a penetrating component; and
Figures 8 (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are respectively a perspective view, side sectional view, partial side sectional view, partial side sectional view and side view of a tag having a single penetrating member engaged with a complementary female member; and
Figures 8(f) and 8(g) are respectively exploded sectional views of Figures 8(b) and 8(c) showing a more detailed engagement of the penetrating member head in a retaining cavity of the complementary female member.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
With reference to Figures la to Id, there is shown a penetrating component (2) of an animal tag (1) having a pair of spaced apart penetrating members (4) each of which is separately joined or formed integrally with an elongate intermediate portion (6).
Each of the penetrating members (4) has a stem (5) joined at a first end with the intermediate portion (6) and terminating at a distal or second end in a penetrating head (8), which is in the shape of an inverted cone. Other shapes for the penetrating head (8) are possible, such that the head has a sharp point or apex (10) which is used to assist in protruding through the animal’s skin, typically the ear. To assist in penetrating the skin of the animal, a pair of flanges (12) are formed on the periphery of the penetrating head (8) having a relatively sharp edge and terminating at the point (10). A pair of bores (14), which are preferably blind bores, are formed in the intermediate portion (6) and extend through a portion of the stem (5) of the penetrating members (4) so that the penetrating members (4) are partially hollow. This provides an entry point for a corresponding set of pins of an applicator when inserting the penetrating component (2) into the animal’s skin to be locked in the corresponding complementary component (3) shown in Figure 2.
The position of each of the bores (14) within the intermediate portion (6) is such that there is substantially no overhang of material of the intermediate portion (6) between the section where each of the penetrating members are connected or joined to the intermediate portion (6) and the outer ends (18) of the intermediate portion (6). With reference to Figure lb, it can be seen that only a thin portion of material exists between an end (18) of the intermediate portion (6) and a respective bore (14) presenting substantially no overhang that the animal can use as leverage in order to remove or dislodge the tag from the portion of the body to which it is attached. Similarly there is no excess material of the intermediate portion (6) at sides (20) of the intermediate portion (6) as the sides (20) are a continuation substantially in a straight line from where the curved sections of ends (18) cease at points (22). Thus, substantially no overhang of the material of the intermediate portion (6) is present at sides (20). A slight variation is shown in Figure 2 where the intermediate portion (6) has side edges (20) that bow outward slightly to a point (24). Point (24) is the midpoint on each side (20) and each side (20) tapers outwardly from a respective end (18) to meet at the respective mid-point (24) so that the distance between each midpoint (24) of each side (20) is greater than the distance of a parallel line taken adjacent each end (18) across the centre of bore (14) and terminating at points (22). This presents substantially no overhang for which an animal can leverage against another object in order to prise free the tag from the animal.
Each stem (5) of the penetrating members (4) has essentially two sections of varying diameter. A first section (26) has a larger diameter compared to a second section (28) which is joined or formed with the first section (26) at a transition area (27). The first section (26) abuts against a top surface (30) of the complementary component (3) at a transition area (27) at the bores (32), which have a substantially circular cross-section. This is more clearly shown in Figure 4. The second section (28) is sized so as to protrude through the bore (32) so that a shoulder (34) of each penetrating head (8) is forced through a respective bore (32) by the application of an applicator. The shoulders (34) are positioned in locking engagement against an underneath surface of the complementary component (3) around the respective bore (32) so that it cannot be pulled back through the bore (32) and detached from the complementary component (3).
The bores (32) are substantially cylindrical in shape as opposed to a slot shape in prior art disclosures. It has been found that the slot-shaped locking means, which existed to allow for the growth of an animal, eventually over time made it easier for the penetrating member to be dislodged from the complementary component (3).
The penetrating component (2) is generally made of a hard plastic material such as nylon (nylon 6 or nylon 66) or polyurethane (particularly TPU). The penetrating component (2) together with the penetrating members (4) have a shore hardness in the range of 70D to 90D, preferably 75D to 80D, or alternatively a Rockwell Hardness in the range (R) R94 to (R) R120. The complementary component (3) has a shore hardness in the range 90 A to 100A, preferably around 95 A. Each of the penetrating component (2) and complementary component (3) are preferably separately injection moulded to form unitary or integral components. A flag (33) or similar projection can be integrally moulded to the complementary component (3). The greater density of the material of the penetrating component (2) provides added strength to provide durability and robustness and also ensures that there is little flex available in the penetrating members (4) so that the tag (1) stays in place on the animal.
The penetrating component (2) is generally fitted from the back of the ear, but as mentioned previously any other part of the skin of the animal can be used where it can be adequately folded and enable an identification flag, or similar surface area, to enable easy identification. Thus the component (2) is applied through the back of the ear, preferably between veins in the ear, and fitted to the complementary component (3) where for example a flag (33) is fitted and resides on the inside of the ear. A gap (36) is then produced which is where a portion of the animal’s ear (or other part) is located. A raised section (38) formed on a top surface of joining portion (40) between the bores (32) is used to provide a small gap for air to flow against the skin or inside part of the ear in order to assist in the healing of skin around the holes made by the penetrating heads (8).
The tag (2) is applicable to animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and other livestock. The penetrating component (2) is sized differently depending on what animal the tag is applied to. In general for cattle the centre to centre dimension between the bores (14) is approximately 33mm and for sheep approximately 28mm. The length of the penetrating members (4) from the point (10) up to the top surface of the intermediate portion (6) is approximately 26mm for each of the tags used for cattle and sheep. After the penetrating component (2) and complementary component (3) are applied and locked to one another, the gap between the components (2) and (3) is between 8mm and 11mm to allow for suitable ventilation and promotion of healing.
Shown in Figure 3 is the tag as it would be inserted on an animal with the penetrating component (2) interlocked with the complementary component (3) whereby the shoulder (34) of each penetrating head (8) abuts against an underneath surface surrounding the bore (32) on an underside of the complementary component (3).
In Figure 4 there is shown a flag (33) that forms part of the complementary component (3) and is integrally moulded therewith.
Referring to Figure 5 there is shown a male mould component (50) and a female mould component (52) that are moved adjacent one another, through an injection moulding process, in order to form material (54) which defines a female complementary or receiving portion for a penetrating member of a penetrating component. The material (54) is preferably a plastics material which in a molten form is forced into the female mould (52) and compressed by the force provided by the male mould component (50) to form the shape shown in Figure 5. So that no air is trapped within the space that eventually forms the receiving part from material (54), a groove or channel (56) which is formed in the male mould component (50) enables any trapped air to escape along the channel (56) and out to the atmosphere.
In this way, the complete volume is filled with plastics material. The process is formed as a one step process in that the receiving portion has a cover or end cap (58) which covers the locking mechanism provided by the interconnection of the penetrating member and the complementary receiving member. The mould is so shaped that the plastics material is formed in one unitary or integral part and provides tamper-proofing for when the tag is attached to an animal. Furthermore there is no danger of infection as the locking mechanism is not exposed to the atmosphere.
Thus, if an animal owner, such as a farmer, wishes to cut a tag from the animal, with the tag having a flag identifying the animal, but cannot remove the male penetrating member, due to the cap being in place, then the tag cannot be reused. There is therefore added security in the fact that the tag or the ID number on the tag cannot be transferred.
Also shown in Figure 5 is a foot or base region (60) of a tool, such as an ejector plate, which rests on an annular area, called a reaction zone or area (62), of the cooled plastic material to assist in removing the male mould component (50). The reaction zone or reaction area (62) where the foot (60) of the ejector plate rests is located around the mouth (68) of the female complementary component (54) and can be formed as an annulus having a diameter of, for example, 5mm. The reaction zone (62), against which the ejector plate applies a force, enables resilient deformation of the material surrounding the throat (66) of the female receiving part and around the mouth (68) as the male mould part is “bumped off’. Bumping off is difficult to achieve where there is a narrow throat (66). Bumping off is a process whereby a sliding core, in this case the male mould component (50), is retracted or pulled away from the receiving part but is pulled through a narrow section, being narrow throat (66). The material around the throat (66) and mouth (68) can be deformed to enable the retraction of the head of the male mould part through the narrow section whilst the plastics material is still hot so that, after withdrawal of the male mould component (50), the throat (66) and the retaining chamber (64) are resilient to resume their usual dimensions before the withdrawal of the male mould component (50). The size of the reaction zone or area (62) depends upon the softness of the plastics material of the female complementary portion (54), however an increase in the softness of the material (54) requires an increase in the area of the reaction zone (62).
The throat (66) in this example is of a narrower diameter than the prior art so that a smaller diameter pin or penetrating member can be used for the animal which provides less stress to the animal. As the throat (66) is narrower, it makes it harder for the penetrating member to pull out from the chamber (64). The depth of the throat (66) should be sufficient to provide enough strength to resist the retained penetrating member pulling out of the female portion (54).
Various views of a complementary receiving female component (80) of a tag is shown in Figures 7a to 7e. Figure 7a shows an underneath view of the female complementary component (80) having flag (82) attached, the component (80) formed as a pair of receiving members. Figures 7b and 7c show front views with Figure 7c being a sectional view. Figures 7d and 7e are side views with Figure 7e also being a sectional side view of the female receiving component (80). The injection moulding process can apply to a single female receiving part or alternatively a dual female receiving part as shown in Figure 7.
Figures 8a to 8g show various views and sectional views of a tag having a male penetrating member (90) and a female complimentary receiving component (92). With reference also to Figure 6, the shoulder (70) formed in the female component (58) have a radius that is of a size that will enable the male mould component (50) to be removed but will not allow the penetrating head of the penetrating component to be removed from the receiving part. A force of greater than 25 Newtons is required before failure occurs at the shoulder (70). Typically, the radius of shoulder (70) is between ).3mm and 1.0mm.
As seen in Figures 8f and 8g ideally the shoulder (70) is round and have a radius but the profile or shoulder of the penetrating portion is square or sharp so that it is difficult to dislodge or remove through the throat (66). The male mould component (50) will therefore have round shoulders corresponding to shoulder (70) so that easier withdrawal is possible of the male mould component (50) from the female mould component (52) during the manufacture of the tag component.
The female complimentary component may generally be made from plastics material such as TPU which is an injectable polyurethane having a shore hardness of around between 90A and 100A, preferably 95A. The penetrating members (4) of penetrating component (2) may be made from plastics material such as TPU having a shore hardness in the range 70D to 90D, preferably in the range 75D to 80D. Alternatively the penetratingjnembers (4) may be made from plastics material such as TPU having a Rockwell Hardness in the range(R) R94 to (R) R120. Nylon 6 or Nylon 66 may also be used as an alternatively to TPU.
The reaction zone (62) has an inner diameter that is greater than the largest diameter of chamber (64) near the shoulder (70).
The particular dimensions of the throat is that the distance between the shoulder (70) is approximately 4.04mm and the diameter of the mouth (68) is about 6.4mm. The greatest diameter of the chamber (64) near the shoulder (70) is 6mm while the thickness of the female component at (71) is about 1.8mm and the thickness of the female component at (73), in other words at the cap, is 1mm. As shown in Figure 7c alternative dimensions for the thickness around the chamber (64) can be used, such as 3.26mm on the outside at (81) and 3.86mm on the inside at (83). Many other combinations of dimensions can be used.
It is to be understood that various alterations, modifications and/or additions may be made to the features of the possible and preferred embodiment(s) of the invention as herein described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

  1. The claims defining the invention are as follows:
    1. A method of manufacturing a component of a tag, the component adapted to receive and retain a penetrating member in a chamber of the component after skin of an animal has been pierced by the penetrating member, the method including the steps of: forming material from which the component is made using a male mould component and a female mould component; and providing a channel in the male mould component to enable the release to atmosphere of air between the male and female mould components as the material is formed.
  2. 2. A method according to claim 1 further including providing a reaction zone around a mouth of the chamber of the component against which a tool abuts in order to assist in withdrawal of the male mould component after the formation of the material, whereby material around the mouth and a throat of the component deform to enable said withdrawal of the male mould component.
  3. 3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 further including providing a shoulder between the chamber and a throat in the component so shaped to enable withdrawal of the male mould component but retain the penetrating member in the chamber.
  4. 4. A method according to claiml or claim 2 further including providing in the component a rounded shoulder having a radius, said shoulder located between the chamber and the throat, to enable withdrawal of the male mould component having a corresponding rounded shoulder and retention in the chamber of a penetrating head of the penetrating member, having a square shoulder.
  5. 5. A method according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the reaction zone is formed as an annulus around the chamber mouth having a radial thickness of up to 5mm.
  6. 6. A method according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the reaction zone has an inner diameter greater than the largest diameter of the chamber at the shoulder of the component.
  7. 7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the component is made of plastics material having a shore hardness of between 90A and 100A.
  8. 8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims further including producing the component integrally in a single step.
  9. 9. A component of a tag resulting from the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
AU2016225933A 2009-10-08 2016-09-09 Improvements in animal tags Abandoned AU2016225933A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2016225933A AU2016225933A1 (en) 2009-10-08 2016-09-09 Improvements in animal tags

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2009904895A AU2009904895A0 (en) 2009-10-08 Improvements in animal tags
AU2009904895 2009-10-08
AU2010227050A AU2010227050B2 (en) 2009-10-08 2010-10-08 Improvements in animal tags
AU2016225933A AU2016225933A1 (en) 2009-10-08 2016-09-09 Improvements in animal tags

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AU2010227050A Division AU2010227050B2 (en) 2009-10-08 2010-10-08 Improvements in animal tags

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2016250901B2 (en) * 2015-04-24 2020-12-24 Enduro Tags Pty Ltd Animal tag
CN107897030B (en) * 2017-10-20 2021-03-02 郑世坤 Diplopore poultry prevents ear mark that falls
EP3793350B1 (en) * 2018-05-17 2024-07-03 Ceres Tag Pty Ltd Animal tag
CN114902973B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-11-17 四川御智微科技有限公司 Novel animal ear tag

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2550915B1 (en) * 1983-08-25 1986-06-06 Chevillot Sarl LIVESTOCK IDENTIFICATION LOOP
BE1012433A3 (en) * 1997-06-30 2000-11-07 Splitthoff Josef Identification label for animals.
US7096616B2 (en) * 2001-04-24 2006-08-29 John James Steinfort Animal tag
AU2002952186A0 (en) * 2002-10-22 2002-10-31 Edney, Neil Frederick Tagging animals
NZ534789A (en) * 2004-08-17 2007-01-26 Michael Stuart Gardner Animal ear tag with male portion having harder partial shell on softer core
WO2009117764A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 John James Steinfort Tag applicator

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NZ588486A (en) 2012-04-27
NZ596821A (en) 2013-02-22
AU2010227050A1 (en) 2011-04-28
AU2010227050B2 (en) 2016-06-09

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