AU2015385477A1 - Comprehensive steel wire rope and friction liner friction detection apparatus and method for hoist - Google Patents

Comprehensive steel wire rope and friction liner friction detection apparatus and method for hoist Download PDF

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AU2015385477A1
AU2015385477A1 AU2015385477A AU2015385477A AU2015385477A1 AU 2015385477 A1 AU2015385477 A1 AU 2015385477A1 AU 2015385477 A AU2015385477 A AU 2015385477A AU 2015385477 A AU2015385477 A AU 2015385477A AU 2015385477 A1 AU2015385477 A1 AU 2015385477A1
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wire rope
friction
lining
creeping
connector
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AU2015385477B2 (en
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Guohua Cao
Xiangdong CHANG
Guoan Chen
Tongqing LI
Wei Li
Hao LU
Yuxing PENG
Gang Shen
Dagang WANG
Gongbo Zhou
Zhencai Zhu
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials

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Abstract

A comprehensive steel wire rope and friction liner friction detection apparatus and method for a hoist. The apparatus comprises a base frame, and a steel wire rope and steel wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, a steel wire rope and steel wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping frictional wear system and a steel wire rope and friction liner continuous high-speed sliding friction system, which are disposed on a base (01) of the base frame. The present invention functionally breaks through the detection of the characteristics of frictions between steel wire ropes in a winding-type hoist and the characteristics of high-speed sliding frictions between the steel wire ropes and friction liners in the friction-type hoist, and three friction behaviors such as a steel wire rope and steel wire rope cross-contact high-speed sliding friction, a cross-contact creeping frictional wear and a steel wire rope and friction liner high-speed sliding friction can be simulated.

Description

INTEGRATED FRICTION TESTER AND TEST METHOD FOR WIRE ROPES AND FRICTION LININGS FOR HOISTS
Technical Field
The present patent relates to an integrated friction tester and test method for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists.
Related Art
The mining depths of mines are constantly increasing, a friction mine hoist has unique advantages in terms of hoisting capability, hoisting height and hoisting speed, and plus advantages, such as high safety coefficient and small structure size, the friction mine hoist is more and more widely applied in mine hoisting. However, when hoisting depth exceeds 1600m, the friction hoist cannot meet requirement any more, and a winding hoist has to be used. Hoisting wire ropes and friction linings are important components in ensuring the normal operation of the friction hoist, and the friction capability between the wire ropes and the friction linings determines the hoisting capability of the friction hoist. In the winding hoist, wire ropes will inevitably produce various contact friction behaviors, and the friction and wear of the wire ropes determine the service life of the winding hoist as well. Therefore, friction characteristics between the friction linings and the wire ropes and between the wire ropes determine the safety and reliability of the hoists. Once skidding occurs between the wire ropes and the friction linings to cause rope skidding or the strands of the hoisting wire ropes or the hoisting wire ropes are broken due to friction and wear, unimaginable casualties and property loss can be caused to a mine. Therefore, knowing friction and wear characteristics between the wire ropes and the friction linings and between the wire ropes has a very significant meaning in guaranteeing the safe and reliable operation of the hoists. However, in actual mine production, carrying out an on-site test on the friction hoist and the winding hoist in order to obtain friction characteristics between the friction linings and the wire ropes and between the wire ropes cannot still be realized under current working conditions and technical conditions. Therefore, the design and manufacturing of a tester and test method which are simple in structure and safe and convenient to operate, can truly and 1 comprehensively simulate actual hoisting conditions of hoists and can obtain friction and wear characteristics of wire ropes and friction linings by tests are particularly necessary.
SUMMARY
Technical Problem: In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated friction tester and test method for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists, which can simulate three types of motion behaviors, i.e., wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed sliding friction and creeping friction in a winding hoist and wire rope-and-friction lining high-speed sliding friction in a friction hoist, under different working conditions on a tester.
Technical Solution:
Disclosed is an integrated friction tester for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists, which comprises a frame, and a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system which are mounted on a frame base (01); the frame comprises the base (01), four pillars (05) symmetrically welded on the base (01), a bearing crossbeam (06) welded on the tops of the pillars (05), a round groove (21) configured to guide and machined on the left of the base (01), a slide way (19) configured to guide welded on the right of the base (01), and a cylinder baffle (18) configured to fix a hydraulic cylinder (17); the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system comprises a first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), a driving friction pulley (04), a driven friction pulley (14), an upper pressing wire rope (07), a lower pressing wire rope (29) and a connector-less wire rope (13), and is configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and the connector-less wire rope (13), the output shaft of the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) is connected to a speed reducer (03) through a spline, the driving friction pulley (04) is connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer (03) 2 through a key, the connector-less wire rope (13) sleeves the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14) can drive the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously move at high speed, the driven friction pulley (14) is supported on a driven pulley support (15), the driven pulley support (15) cooperates with the slide way (19) welded on the base (01), the driven pulley support (15) can slide to the left along the slide way (19) like a slider under the pull of the hydraulic cylinder (17), so that the guided tensioning of the connector-less wire rope (13) is realized, the upper pressing wire rope (07) is tensioned on an upper lining (37) and an upper lining fixture (10), the lower pressing wire rope (29) is tensioned on a lower lining (36) and a lower lining support (20), the lower lining support (20) is fixed on the base (01) through bolts, lining guide rail frames (26) are fixed on the upper part of the lower lining support (20) through bolts and configured to ensure the accurate symmetry between the contact points of the wire ropes, and a first pusher servomotor (09) is vertically fixed on the bearing crossbeam (06) and configured to downwardly provide different load pressures for the upper pressing wire rope (07); the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and a creeping wire rope (27) comprises a second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), an eccentric disc (23) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), and a connecting rod (25) connecting the eccentric disc (23) with a creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the eccentric disc (23) and the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) form an eccentric wheel motor, and form a crank slider mechanism along with the connecting rod (25) and the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), and the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system also comprises the creeping wire rope (27), a threaded hook (28) configured to fix the creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) configured to clamp the creeping wire rope (27), a tensioning motor (32) configured to tension the creeping wire rope (27), the lining guide rail frames (26), the upper lining (37), the upper lining fixture (10), the lower lining (36), the lower lining 3 support (20), upper rope tensioning turnbuckles (38), lower rope tensioning turnbuckles (31), and the first pusher servomotor (09);after the lower lining support (20) rotates by 90 degrees along the round groove (21) relative to the initial position of the lower lining support (20) in the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, the lower lining support (20) is fixed in corresponding threaded holes (54) again; the wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system configured to simulate the continuous high-speed sliding friction and wear between the connector-less wire rope (13), a front friction lining (48) and a rear friction lining (50) comprises the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), the speed reducer (03), the driving friction pulley (04), the driven friction pulley (14), the connector-less wire rope (13), the driven pulley support (15), the hydraulic cylinder (17), the front friction lining (48), the rear friction lining (50), a lining compression box (12), a lining linkage jig (52) embedded in the lining compression box (12) to hold the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) and ensure synchronous motion in the process of compression, and a second pusher servomotor (47) configured to provide pressure load for the friction linings.
Four threaded through holes are machined in the top surface of the lower lining support (20) which is in contact with the lower lining (36), moreover, four adjusting bolts (35) are correspondingly mounted on the bottom surface, so that the height of the lower lining (36) can be adjusted, consequently, the affection of dimension errors is effectively prevented in the process of machining the lower lining support (20), and in the process of a test, it is ensured that the connector-less wire rope (13) can be in tight contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) while keeping horizontal.
Bottom surface rollers (30) are arranged on the bottom of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), so that the reading of a tension and pressure sensor (24) can be closer to an actual friction force value.
The lining compression box (12) is a box which is composed of four steel plates connected together, the lining linkage jig (52) and the second pusher servomotor (47) are arranged in the lining compression box (12), the lining linkage jig (52) comprises two steel 4 plates, the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) are fixed between the two steel plates, the two steel plates are connected into a whole by two steel sheets (55) which are connected together crosswise, the middles of the two steel sheets (55) are hinged, the four free ends of the two steel sheets are respectively hinged with the two ends of the two steel plates, two like steel sheets (55) which are connected are also symmetrically arranged at the other side of the two steel plates, so that the distance between the two steel plates can be adjusted, and thereby the synchronous motion of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) is realized in the process of friction and wear; anti-friction rollers (53) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lining compression box (12), so that the lining compression box (12) can easily slide forward and backward, ensuring that the connector-less wire rope (13) is always horizontal and does not curve in the process of sliding friction with the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50), and playing an automatic centering role; the second pusher servomotor (47) provides pressure for the lining linkage jig (52), so that the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) can tightly clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and the magnitude of the pressure can be measured by a third pressure sensor (46). A first acoustic emission sensor (40) arranged on the lower lining (36) and a second acoustic emission sensor (49) arranged on the rear friction lining (50) can monitor the change law of production and extension of cracks in case of the wire ropes being under the sliding friction and creeping friction states and the friction linings being under the sliding friction state in real time; and a strain gage (51) attached to the front friction lining (48) can monitor the change of surface stress of the front friction lining (48) in the process of sliding friction motion in real time.
Arc-shaped raised rails are arranged in the lining guide rail frames (26), and two arc-shaped grooves which are matched with the arc-shaped raised rails of the lining guide rail frames (26) are cut on the two sides of each of the lower lining (36) and the upper lining (37) to ensure the guidability of the motion of the upper lining (37) and the lower lining (36) in a vertical direction, two semi-arc grooves which are tangent to the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) are respectively arranged on 5 the part of the upper lining (37) in contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the part of the lower lining (36) in contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), so that the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) are embedded in the upper lining (37) and the lower lining (36), which play the role of positioning the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) in a front-back direction, and such a design can ensure the strict symmetry between the contact point between the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the connector-less wire rope (13) and the contact point between the lower pressing wire rope (29) and the connector-less wire rope (13) in the vertical direction, preventing the production of additional bending moment and increasing the accuracy of parameter measurement.
The lower side of the upper pressing wire rope (07) is embedded in the semi-arc groove of the bottom of the upper lining (37), the upper lining fixture (10) holds the upper lining (37), the upper pressing wire rope (07) is tensioned on the upper lining fixture (10) by the upper rope tensioning tumbuckles (38) with the shell of the upper lining fixture (10) as a transitional support, and thus, the upper pressing wire rope (07), the upper lining (37) and the upper lining fixture (10) are bound into a whole, and can move up and down together along the guide rails on the lining guide rail frames (26), which is favorable for the positioning of the upper pressing wire rope (07).
Two small pulleys (39) are respectively mounted at both ends of two sections of steel plates which horizontally extend from the upper side of the upper lining fixture (10) to support the upper pressing wire rope (07), effectively decreasing frictional resistance which the upper pressing wire rope (07) has to overcome in the process of tensioning.
The upper side of the lower pressing wire rope (29) is embedded in the semi-arc groove cut on the upper side of the lower lining (36), the lower rope tensioning tumbuckles (31) tensions and fixes the lower pressing wire rope (29) on the lower lining support (20) at the lower end, so that the lower lining (36), the lower lining support (20) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) become a whole, moreover, arc-shaped steel plates (34) which can be inserted into the round groove (21) on the base (01) are respectively welded on the bottoms of the two supporting legs of the lower lining support (20), consequently, the lower 6 lining support (20) can drive the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) to rotate together while rotating along the round groove (21), the switching between the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed friction test system and creeping friction test system can be realized, and the motion states of cross-contact sliding friction and creeping friction of the wire ropes at different angles can also be realized.
The threaded holes (54) configured to fix the lower lining support (20) are arranged beside the round groove (21) machined on the right of the frame base (01), and the threaded holes (54) are arranged in pairs into a plurality of groups, which make a certain angle between one another, so that the lower lining support (20) can be conveniently fixed after being rotated by a certain angle.
The four threaded through holes are machined in the top surface of the lower lining support (20) which is in contact with the lower lining (36), moreover, the four adjusting bolts (35) are correspondingly mounted on the bottom surface, so that the height of the lower lining (36) can be adjusted, consequently, the affection of dimension errors is effectively prevented in the process of machining the lower lining support (20), and in the process of a test, it is ensured that the connector-less wire rope (13) can be in tight contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) while keeping horizontal.
The eccentric disc (23) is connected with the tension and pressure sensor (24) in a hinge manner and the connecting rod (25) is connected with the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) in a hinge manner to ensure that all the components can relatively rotate in a vertical plane, realizing the normal operation of the crank slider mechanism.
The creeping wire rope (27) is fixed on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) through the threaded hook (28), the bottom of a baffle at one end of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) is connected with a bottom plate by using a dovetail groove, so that the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) can horizontally slide backward under the push of the tensioning motor (32), realizing the tensioning of the creeping wire rope (27), and the rollers (30) which are mounted on the bottom of the whole creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) decrease frictional resistance for the creeping wire rope tensioning 7 frame (11) in the process of reciprocation, and increase the accuracy of wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact creeping friction force measurement.
The lining linkage jig (52) is divided into a front part and a rear part, and the two parts are connected into a whole through two groups of steel sheets (55) connected together crosswise, realizing the synchronous motion of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) in the process of friction and wear.
The lining compression box (12) is composed of the four steel plates connected together, and the anti-friction rollers (53) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lining compression box (12), so that the lining compression box (12) can easily slide forward and backward, ensuring that the connector-less wire rope (13) is always horizontal and does not curve in the process of sliding friction with the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50), and playing an automatic centering role.
The output end of the first pusher servomotor (09) is connected to a first pressure sensor (08), which can measure the magnitude of positive pressure between the wire ropes in real time; a tension sensor (16) is connected between the hydraulic cylinder (17) and the driven pulley support (15), and is configured to measure the tension of the connector-less wire rope (13); a second pressure sensor (33) is arranged between the tensioning motor (32) and the baffle on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), and is configured to measure tensile force acting on the creeping wire rope (27); the second pusher servomotor (47) provides pressure for the lining linkage jig (52), so that the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and the magnitude of the pressure can be measured by the third pressure sensor (46).
Corresponding sliding friction forces are measured by three tension sensors (41, 43, 45) arranged at corresponding positions of the connector-less wire rope (13), a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction contact point is between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43), a wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction contact point is between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45), the difference value between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43) is friction force produced by wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding 8 friction, and the difference value between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45) is friction force under the wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction motion state.
The first acoustic emission sensor (40) arranged on the lower lining (36) and the second acoustic emission sensor (49) arranged on the rear friction lining (50) can monitor the change law of production and extension of cracks in case of the wire ropes being under the sliding friction and creeping friction states and the friction linings being under the sliding friction state in real time. A first thermal infrared imager (42) and a second thermal infrared imager (44) can monitor the temperature changes of the friction linings in the process of sliding friction motion and the temperature changes of the wire ropes in the process of sliding and creeping friction motions in real time.
The strain gage (51) attached to the front friction lining (48) can monitor the change of surface stress of the front friction lining (48) in the process of sliding friction motion in real time.
The cooperation between states, such as the pusher servomotors outputting different pressure loads, watering or applying grease on the connector-less wire rope (13) and applying different magnitudes of tensile force on the creeping wire rope (27), can simulate actual hoisting conditions of a mine hoist.
Disclosed is a test method for carrying out a friction test by applying any one integrated friction tester for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists, which can respectively simulate a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction condition, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction condition and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction condition and detect related friction and wear parameters under each working condition; simulating wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction comprises the following steps:
Al: Mount a connector-less wire rope (13) onto a driving friction pulley (04) and a 9 driven friction pulley (14), adjust a hydraulic cylinder (17) to pull a driven pulley support (15) and the driven friction pulley (14) together to the right, and tension the connector-less wire rope (13) until the connector-less wire rope (13) is horizontally tightened; A2: Fix a lower lining support (20), tension an upper pressing wire rope (07) and a lower pressing wire rope (29) on an upper lining fixture (10) and the lower lining support (20), fixedly connect lining guide rail frames (26) with the lower lining support (20), put in the tensioned upper pressing wire rope (07) along a guide way, and start a first pusher servomotor (09) to apply positive pressure load on the upper lining fixture (10), so that the upper wire rope and the lower wire rope clamp the connector-less wire rope (13); A3: Start a first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), utilize a speed reducer (03) to output enough torque to drive a driving friction pulley (04) to rotate, and utilize friction drive to make the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously rotate at high speed in one direction; simulating wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction comprises the following steps:
Bl: Mount the connector-less wire rope (13) onto the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), adjust the hydraulic cylinder (17) to pull the driven pulley support (15) and the driven friction pulley (14) together to the right, and tension the connector-less wire rope (13) until the connector-less wire rope (13) is horizontally tightened; B2: Put a front friction lining (48) and a rear friction lining (50) into a lining linkage jig (52), make the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) to clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and start a second pusher servomotor (47) to apply pressure load on the front friction lining (48); simulating wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction comprises the following steps:
Cl: Put a creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) onto a supporting platform, use a threaded hook (28) to fix a creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning 10 frame (11), so that the creeping wire rope (27) is in contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), start a tensioning motor (32) to tension the creeping wire rope (27), adjust adjusting bolts (35) and lower rope tensioning tumbuckles (31) to keep the creeping wire rope (27) in cross contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), place the upper pressing wire rope (07), fix the lining guide rail frames (26), and start the first pusher servomotor (09) to press the upper pressing wire rope (07); C2: Connect a connecting rod (25), a tension and pressure sensor (24) and an eccentric disc (23) already mounted on a second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), start the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), so that the whole crank slider structure operates, carry out the simulation of wire rope-and-wire rope creeping friction motion, and utilize the tension and pressure sensor (24) to measure friction force in the process of creeping friction; wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction and wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction can be simultaneously simulated; the three types of working conditions can be switched; three tension sensors (41, 43, 45) being capable of measuring the sliding friction force between the wire ropes and/or between the wire ropes and the friction linings, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction contact point being between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43), a wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction contact point being between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45), the difference value between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43) being friction force produced by wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction, and the difference value between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45) being friction force under the wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction motion state; after parameter measurement is completed, the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) or the pusher servomotors are stopped to finish the corresponding part of test, and after the test is finished, a scale is used to weigh the pressing wire ropes and/or the friction linings respectively before and after the test, so that wear rates of corresponding friction motions 11 can be worked out; and in the process of the test, a first thermal infrared imager (42) and a second thermal infrared imager (44) are utilized to monitor the temperature changes of the friction linings in the process of sliding friction and the temperature changes of the wire ropes in the process of sliding or creeping friction motion in real time.
In the test method, the test is carried out by watering or applying grease on the surfaces of the connector-less wire rope (13) and the creeping wire rope (27) to simulate an actual hoisting condition.
In the test method, the lower lining support (20) can be rotated by any angle in a round groove (21) on a base (01) before being fixed, and thereby the included angle of cross contact between the wire ropes can be adjusted.
In the test method, a plurality of threaded holes are machined at positions at different distances from the circle center on the eccentric disc (23) on the cam motor in order to meet requirements on different creeping amplitudes of the creeping wire rope.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention functionally breaks through the test of friction characteristics between wire ropes in a winding hoist and the test of high-speed sliding friction characteristics between wire ropes and friction linings in a friction hoist, and can realize the simulation of three types of friction behaviors, i.e., the cross-contact high-speed sliding friction and cross-contact creeping friction and wear between wire ropes and the high-speed sliding friction between wire ropes and friction linings, and the speed of sliding friction can be as high as lOm/s. The friction forces, friction factors, wear rates, temperature rises, strain and change laws in the production and extension of cracks of the friction linings and the wire ropes under different specific pressures, different sliding speeds and different tensile forces on the wire ropes, and the friction forces, friction factors, wear rates, temperature rises and change laws in the production and extension of cracks of the wire ropes under different pressures, different sliding speeds, different crossing angles, different creeping frequencies and amplitudes and different tensile forces on the wire ropes can be obtained, so that an important test means can be provided for the safe and reliable 12 operation of mine friction hoists and mine winding hoists. The application of vertical load pressure after the cross contact between the wire ropes is structurally realized, and by utilizing the guiding slide way fixed on the lower lining support, the upper contact point and the lower contact point which are produced accurately by the contact between the three wire ropes in the direction of loading positive pressure are ensured. The arrangement of the rollers on the bottom of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame realizes the simulation of wire rope creeping and the accuracy of a measurement result. By adopting a disassemblable connection method, the entire test platform is easy to machine and convenient to install, and is favorable for the replacement of the wire ropes and the friction linings. The simulation of friction behaviors of the wire ropes under the conditions of different sliding speeds, different load pressures and different tensile forces can be carried out with the use of the adjustable-speed servomotors and the pusher servomotors, and working conditions can be conveniently changed so as to be closer to actual hoisting conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the patent. FIG. 2 is an A-A sectional view in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the local structure of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of sliding friction. FIG. 5 is an internal structural diagram of a lining compression box. FIG. 6 is a B-B top local sectional view of FIG. 4. 1. Base; 2. First adjustable-speed servomotor; 3. Speed reducer; 4. Driving friction pulley; 5. Pillar; 6. Bearing crossbeam; 7. Upper pressing wire rope; 8. First pressure sensor; 9. First pusher servomotor; 10. Upper lining fixture; 11. Creeping wire rope tensioning frame; 12. Lining compression box; 13. Connector-less wire rope; 14. Driven friction pulley; 15. Driven pulley support; 16. Tension sensor; 17. Hydraulic cylinder; 18. Cylinder baffle; 19. Slide way; 20. Lower lining support; 21. Round groove; 22. Second adjustable-speed servomotor; 23. Eccentric disc; 24. Tension and pressure sensor; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Lining guide rail frame; 27. Creeping wire rope; 28. Threaded hook; 13 29. Lower pressing wire rope; 30. Roller; 31. Lower rope tensioning turnbuckle; 32. Tensioning motor; 33. Second pressure sensor; 34. Arc-shaped steel plate; 35. Adjusting bolt; 36. Lower lining; 37. Upper lining; 38. Upper rope tensioning turnbuckle; 39. Pulley; 40. First acoustic emission sensor; 41. First tension sensor; 42. First thermal infrared imager; 43. Second tension sensor; 44. Second thermal infrared imager; 45. Third tension sensor; 46. Third pressure sensor; 47. Second pusher servomotor; 48. Front friction lining; 49. Second acoustic emission sensor; 50. Rear friction lining; 51. Strain gage; 52. Lining linkage jig; 53. Anti-friction roller; 54. Threaded hole; 55. Steel sheet.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention is described in detail below in reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in FIGs. 1-6, disclosed is an integrated friction tester for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists, which is configured to simulate a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction condition, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction condition and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction condition and detect related friction and wear parameters under each working condition, and the tester comprises a frame, and a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system which are mounted on a frame base (01). A driving friction pulley (04) is driven by a power source to rotate to drive a connector-less wire rope (13) to move at high speed. At this comment, the tester can simulate the cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction state between wire ropes and the continuous high-speed sliding friction state between the wire ropes and friction linings. When the driving friction pulley (04) stops motion, the connector-less wire rope (13) is taken down, a lower lining support (20) is rotated by 90 degrees, and a new power source is provided for carrying out the simulation of the creeping friction and wear condition between the wire ropes. 14
The frame comprises the base (01), four pillars (05) symmetrically welded on the base (01), a bearing crossbeam (06) welded on the tops of the pillars (05), a round groove (21) configured to guide and machined on the left of the base (01), a slide way (19) configured to guide and welded on the right of the base (01), and a cylinder baffle (18) configured to fix a hydraulic cylinder (17); the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system comprises a first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), a driving friction pulley (04), a driven friction pulley (14), an upper pressing wire rope (07), a lower pressing wire rope (29) and a connector-less wire rope (13), and is configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and the connector-less wire rope (13), the output shaft of the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) is connected to a speed reducer (03) through a spline, the driving friction pulley (04) is connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer (03) through a key, the connector-less wire rope (13) sleeves the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14) can drive the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously move at high speed, the driven friction pulley (14) is supported on a driven pulley support (15), the driven pulley support (15) cooperates with the slide way (19) welded on the base (01), the driven pulley support (15) can slide to the left along the slide way (19) like a slider under the pull of the hydraulic cylinder (17), so that the guided tensioning of the connector-less wire rope (13) is realized, the upper pressing wire rope (07) is tensioned on an upper lining (37) and an upper lining fixture (10), the lower pressing wire rope (29) is tensioned on a lower lining (36) and the lower lining support (20), the lower lining support (20) is fixed on the base (01) through bolts, lining guide rail frames (26) are fixed on the upper part of the lower lining support (20) through bolts and configured to ensure the accurate symmetry between the contact points of the wire ropes, and a first pusher servomotor (09) is vertically fixed on the bearing crossbeam (06) and configured to downwardly provide different load pressures for the upper pressing wire rope (07).
Four threaded through holes are machined in the top surface of the lower lining support 15 (20) which is in contact with the lower lining (36), moreover, the four adjusting bolts (35) are correspondingly mounted on the bottom surface, so that the height of the lower lining (36) can be adjusted, consequently, the affection of dimension errors is effectively prevented in the process of machining the lower lining support (20), and in the process of a test, it is ensured that the connector-less wire rope (13) can be in tight contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) while keeping horizontal. As a preference, lower rope tensioning tumbuckles (31) can be adopted to tension the lower pressing wire rope (29), one end of each lower rope tensioning tumbuckle (31) is connected to the lower pressing wire rope (29), and the other end is connected to the lower lining support (20); upper rope tensioning tumbuckles (38) can be adopted to tension the upper pressing wire rope (07), one end of each upper rope tensioning turnbuckle (38) is connected to the upper pressing wire rope (07), and the other end is connected to the upper lining fixture (10).
The wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and a creeping wire rope (27) comprises a second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), an eccentric disc (23) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), and a connecting rod (25) connecting the eccentric disc (23) with a creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the eccentric disc (23) and the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) form an eccentric wheel motor, and form a crank slider mechanism along with the connecting rod (25) and the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system also comprises the creeping wire rope (27), a threaded hook (28) configured to fix the creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) configured to clamp the creeping wire rope (27), a tensioning motor (32) configured to tension the creeping wire rope (27), the lining guide rail frames (26), the upper lining (36), the upper lining fixture (31), the lower lining (10), the lower lining support (20), upper rope tensioning tumbuckles (38), lower rope tensioning tumbuckles (31), and the first pusher servomotor (09), the lining guide rail frames (26), the upper lining 16 (37), the upper lining fixture (10), the lower lining (36), the lower lining support (20), the upper rope tensioning turnbuckles (38), the lower rope tensioning turnbuckles (31) and the first pusher servomotor (09) are connected and fixed in the same way as in the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, but the difference is that after the lower lining support (20) rotates by 90 degrees along the round groove (21) relative to the initial position of the lower lining support (20) in the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, the lower lining support (20) is fixed in corresponding threaded holes (54) again.
Bottom surface rollers (30) are arranged on the bottom of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), so that the reading of a tension and pressure sensor (24) can be closer to an actual friction force value.
The wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system configured to simulate the continuous high-speed sliding friction and wear between the connector-less wire rope (13), a front friction lining (48) and a rear friction lining (50) comprises the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), the speed reducer (03), the driving friction pulley (04), the driven friction pulley (14), the connector-less wire rope (13), the driven pulley support (15), the hydraulic cylinder (17), the front friction lining (48), the rear friction lining (50), a lining compression box (12), a lining linkage jig (52) embedded in the lining compression box (12) to hold the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) and ensure synchronous motion in the process of compression, and a second pusher servomotor (47) configured to provide pressure load for the friction linings; and the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), the speed reducer (03), the driving friction pulley (04), the driven friction pulley (14), the connector-less wire rope (13), the driven pulley support (15) and the hydraulic cylinder (17) are arranged in the same way as in the above-mentioned wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system. The related arrangement of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) is elaborated herein: the lining compression box (12) is a box which is composed of four steel plates connected together, the lining linkage jig (52) and the second pusher servomotor (47) are arranged in the lining compression box (12), the lining linkage 17 jig (52) comprises two steel plates, the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) are fixed between the two steel plates, the two steel plates are connected into a whole by two steel sheets (55) which are connected together crosswise, the middles of the two steel sheets (55) are hinged, the four free ends of the two steel sheets are respectively hinged with the two ends of the two steel plates, two like steel sheets (55) which are connected are also symmetrically arranged at the other side of the two steel plates, so that the distance between the two steel plates can be adjusted, and thereby the synchronous motion of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) is realized in the process of friction and wear; anti-friction rollers (53) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lining compression box (12), so that the lining compression box (12) can easily slide forward and backward, ensuring that the connector-less wire rope (13) is always horizontal and does not curve in the process of sliding friction with the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50), and playing an automatic centering role; the second pusher servomotor (47) provides pressure for the lining linkage jig (52), so that the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) can tightly clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and the magnitude of the pressure can be measured by a third pressure sensor (46); a first acoustic emission sensor (40) arranged on the lower lining (36) and a second acoustic emission sensor (49) arranged on the rear friction lining (50) can monitor the change law of production and extension of cracks in case of the wire ropes being under the sliding friction and creeping friction states and the friction linings being under the sliding friction state in real time; and a strain gage (51) attached to the front friction lining (48) can monitor the change of surface stress of the front friction lining (48) in the process of sliding friction motion in real time.
The test steps are as follows: FIG. 4 shows the simultaneous simulation (or separate simulation) of a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed sliding friction motion behavior and a wire rope-and-friction lining high-speed sliding friction motion behavior.
Step 1: Mount the connector-less wire rope (13) onto the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), adjust the hydraulic cylinder (17) to pull the driven 18 pulley support (15) and the driven friction pulley (14) together to the right, and tension the connector-less wire rope (13) until the connector-less wire rope (13) is horizontally tightened.
Step 2: Fix the lower lining support (20), tension the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) on the upper lining fixture (10) and the lower lining support (20), fixedly connect the lining guide rail frames (26) with the lower lining support (20), put in the tensioned upper pressing wire rope (07) along the guide way, and start the first pusher servomotor (09) to apply positive pressure load on the upper lining fixture, so that the upper wire rope and the lower wire rope clamp the connector-less wire rope (13) (directly skip to Step 3 from Step 1 without carrying out this step when wire rope-and-friction lining high-speed sliding friction is simulated alone).
Step 3: Put the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) into the lining linkage jig (52), make the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) to clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and start the second pusher servomotor (47) to apply pressure load on the front friction lining (48) (directly skip to Step 4 from Step 2 without carrying out this step when wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed sliding friction is simulated alone).
Step 4: Start the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), utilize the speed reducer (03) to output enough torque to drive the driving friction pulley (04) to rotate, and utilize friction drive to make the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously rotate at high speed in one direction; three tension sensors (41, 43, 45) can measure the sliding friction force between the wire ropes and/or between the wire ropes and the friction linings, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction contact point is between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43), a wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction contact point is between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45), the difference value between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43) is friction force produced by wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction, and the difference value between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45) is friction 19 force under the wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction motion state.
After parameter measurement is completed, the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) is stopped to finish this part of test, and after the test is finished, a scale is used to weigh the pressing wire ropes and/or the friction linings respectively before and after the test, so that wear rates of corresponding friction motions can be worked out. FIG. 2 is the test system configured to simulate wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact creeping friction motion (the A-A view in FIG. 1). If the test shown in FIG. 4 needs to be switched to the test of wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact creeping friction motion, then the tensile force applied on the connector-less wire rope (13) by the hydraulic cylinder (17) needs to be removed first, and the connector-less wire rope (13) is taken down from the driving friction pulley (04). The positive pressure acting on the upper pressing wire rope (07) is removed, bolts which fix the lower lining support (20) are unscrewed, the lower lining support (20) is rotated by 90 degrees along the round groove (21) to a position shown in FIG. 1, and is fixed in the corresponding threaded holes (54)again, and the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lining guide rail frames (26) are taken down; the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) is placed on a supporting platform, the threaded hook (28) is used to fix the creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), so that the creeping wire rope (27) is in contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), the tensioning motor (32) is started to tension the creeping wire rope (27), the adjusting bolts (35) and the lower rope tensioning turnbuckles (31) are adjusted to keep the creeping wire rope (27) in cross contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), the upper pressing wire rope (07) is placed, the lining guide rail frames (26) are fixed, and the first pusher servomotor (09) is started to press the upper pressing wire rope (07). The connecting rod (25), the tension and pressure sensor (24) and the eccentric disc (23) already mounted on the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) are connected, and the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) is started, so that the whole crank slider structure operates, the simulation of wire rope-and-wire rope creeping friction motion is carried out, and friction force in the process of creeping friction is measured by the tension and pressure sensor (24). 20
After parameters are obtained, the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) is stopped to finish this part of simulation test.
In the process of every simulation test, a first thermal infrared imager (42) and a second thermal infrared imager (44) can be utilized to monitor the temperature changes of the friction linings in the process of sliding friction and the temperature changes of the wire ropes in the process of sliding or creeping friction motion in real time.
The magnitude of the pushing force of the pusher servomotors can be regulated in order to meet the simulation of the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed sliding friction and creeping friction motion states and the wire rope-and-friction lining high-speed sliding friction motion state under different positive pressure conditions. The speed of the adjustable-speed servomotors can meet requirements on different linear velocities of the connector-less wire rope (13) and different creeping frequencies of the creeping wire rope (27).
The test is carried out by watering or applying grease on the surfaces of the connector-less wire rope (13) and the creeping wire rope (27) to simulate an actual hoisting condition. The lower lining support (20) can be rotated by any angle in the round groove (21) on the base (01) before being fixed, and thereby the included angle of cross contact between the wire ropes can be adjusted, so that measured data are more comprehensive. A plurality of threaded holes are machined at positions at different distances from the circle center on the eccentric disc (23) on the cam motor, so that requirements on different creeping amplitudes of the creeping wire rope can be met.
It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or transformations according to the above-mentioned description, and all these improvements and transformations shall fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention. 21

Claims (25)

  1. CLAIMS What is claimed is:
    1. An integrated friction tester for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists, characterized by comprising a frame, and a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system which are mounted on a frame base (01); the frame comprising the base (01), four pillars (05) symmetrically welded on the base (01), a bearing crossbeam (06) welded on the tops of the pillars (05), a round groove (21) configured to guide and machined on the left of the base (01), a slide way (19) configured to guide and welded on the right of the base (01), and a cylinder baffle (18) configured to fix a hydraulic cylinder (17); the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system comprising a first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), a driving friction pulley (04), a driven friction pulley (14), an upper pressing wire rope (07), a lower pressing wire rope (29) and a connector-less wire rope (13), and being configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and the connector-less wire rope (13), the output shaft of the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) being connected to a speed reducer (03) through a spline, the driving friction pulley (04) being connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer (03) through a key, the connector-less wire rope (13) sleeving the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14) being capable of driving the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously move at high speed, the driven friction pulley (14) being supported on a driven pulley support (15), the driven pulley support (15) cooperating with the slide way (19) welded on the base (01), the driven pulley support (15) being capable of sliding to the left along the slide way (19) like a slider under the pull of the hydraulic cylinder (17), so that the guided tensioning of the connector-less wire rope (13) is realized, the upper pressing wire rope (07) being tensioned on an upper lining (37) and an upper lining fixture (10), the lower pressing wire rope (29) being tensioned on a lower lining (36) and a lower lining support (20), the lower lining support (20) being fixed on the base (01) through bolts, lining guide rail frames (26) being fixed on the upper part of the lower lining support (20) through bolts and configured to ensure the accurate symmetry between the contact points of the wire ropes, and a first pusher servomotor (09) being vertically fixed on the bearing crossbeam (06) and configured to downwardly provide different load pressures for the upper pressing wire rope (07); the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system configured to simulate the cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear between the upper pressing wire rope (07), the lower pressing wire rope (29) and a creeping wire rope (27) and comprising a second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), an eccentric disc (23) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), and a connecting rod (25) connecting the eccentric disc (23) with a creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the eccentric disc (23) and the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22) forming an eccentric wheel motor, and forming a crank slider mechanism along with the connecting rod (25) and the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), and the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction and wear system also comprising the creeping wire rope (27), a threaded hook (28) configured to fix the creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) configured to clamp the creeping wire rope (27), a tensioning motor (32) configured to tension the creeping wire rope (27), the lining guide rail frames (26), the upper lining (37), the upper lining fixture (10), the lower lining (36), the lower lining support (20), upper rope tensioning turnbuckles (38), lower rope tensioning turnbuckles (31) and the first pusher servomotor (09);after the lower lining support (20) rotates by 90 degrees along the round groove (21) relative to the initial position of the lower lining support (20) in the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction system, the lower lining support (20) being fixed in corresponding threaded holes (54) again; the wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction system configured to simulate the continuous high-speed sliding friction and wear between the connector-less wire rope (13), a front friction lining (48) and a rear friction lining (50) and comprising the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), the speed reducer (03), the driving friction pulley (04), the driven friction pulley (14), the connector-less wire rope (13), the driven pulley support (15), the hydraulic cylinder (17), the front friction lining (48), the rear friction lining (50), a lining compression box (12), a lining linkage jig (52) embedded in the lining compression box (12) to hold the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) and ensure synchronous motion in the process of compression, and a second pusher servomotor (47) for providing pressure load for the friction linings.
  2. 2. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that four threaded through holes are machined in the top surface of the lower lining support (20) which is in contact with the lower lining (36), moreover, four adjusting bolts (35) are correspondingly mounted on the bottom surface, so that the height of the lower lining (36) can be adjusted, consequently, the affection of dimension errors is effectively prevented in the process of machining the lower lining support (20), and in the process of a test, it is ensured that the connector-less wire rope (13) can be in tight contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) while keeping horizontal.
  3. 3. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that bottom surface rollers (30) are arranged on the bottom of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), so that the reading of a tension and pressure sensor (24) can be closer to an actual friction force value.
  4. 4. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining compression box (12) is a box which is composed of four steel plates connected together, the lining linkage jig (52) and the second pusher servomotor (47) are arranged in the lining compression box (12), the lining linkage jig (52) comprises two steel plates, the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) are fixed between the two steel plates, the two steel plates are connected into a whole by two steel sheets (55) which are connected together crosswise, the middles of the two steel sheets (55) are hinged, the four free ends of the two steel sheets are respectively hinged with the two ends of the two steel plates, two like steel sheets (55) which are connected are also symmetrically arranged at the other side of the two steel plates, so that the distance between the two steel plates can be adjusted, and thereby the synchronous motion of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) is realized in the process of friction and wear; anti-friction rollers (53) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lining compression box (12), so that the lining compression box (12) can easily slide forward and backward, ensuring that the connector-less wire rope (13) is always horizontal and does not curve in the process of sliding friction with the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50), and playing an automatic centering role; the second pusher servomotor (47) provides pressure for the lining linkage jig (52), so that the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) can tightly clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and the magnitude of the pressure can be measured by a third pressure sensor (46).
  5. 5. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that a first acoustic emission sensor (40) arranged on the lower lining (36) and a second acoustic emission sensor (49) arranged on the rear friction lining (50) can monitor the change law of production and extension of cracks in case of the wire ropes being under the sliding friction and creeping friction states and the friction linings being under the sliding friction state in real time; and a strain gage (51) attached to the front friction lining (48) can monitor the change of surface stress of the front friction lining (48) in the process of sliding friction motion in real time.
  6. 6. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that arc-shaped raised rails are arranged in the lining guide rail frames (26), and two arc-shaped grooves which are matched with the arc-shaped raised rails of the lining guide rail frames (26) are cut on the two sides of each of the lower lining (36) and the upper lining (37) to ensure the guidability of the motion of the upper lining (37) and the lower lining (36) in a vertical direction, two semi-arc grooves which are tangent to the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) are respectively arranged on the part of the upper lining (37) in contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the part of the lower lining (36) in contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), so that the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) are embedded in the upper lining (37) and the lower lining (36), which play the role of positioning the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) in a front-back direction, and such a design can ensure the strict symmetry between the contact point between the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the connector-less wire rope (13) and the contact point between the lower pressing wire rope (29) and the connector-less wire rope (13) in the vertical direction, preventing the production of additional bending moment and increasing the accuracy of parameter measurement.
  7. 7. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower side of the upper pressing wire rope (07) is embedded in the semi-arc groove of the bottom of the upper lining (37), the upper lining fixture (10) holds the upper lining (37), the upper pressing wire rope (07) is tensioned on the upper lining fixture (10) by the upper rope tensioning turnbuckles (38) with the shell of the upper lining fixture (10) as a transitional support, and thus, the upper pressing wire rope (07), the upper lining (37) and the upper lining fixture (10) are bound into a whole, and can move up and down together along the guide rails on the lining guide rail frames (26), which is favorable for the positioning of the upper pressing wire rope (07).
  8. 8. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that two small pulleys (39) are respectively mounted at both ends of two sections of steel plates which horizontally extend from the upper side of the upper lining fixture (10) to support the upper pressing wire rope (07), effectively decreasing frictional resistance which the upper pressing wire rope (07) has to overcome in the process of tensioning.
  9. 9. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper side of the lower pressing wire rope (29) is embedded in the semi-arc groove cut on the upper side of the lower lining (36), the lower rope tensioning turnbuckles (31) tensions and fixes the lower pressing wire rope (29) on the lower lining support (20) at the lower end, so that the lower lining (36), the lower lining support (20) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) become a whole, moreover, two arc-shaped steel plates (34) which can be inserted into the round groove (21) on the base (01) are respectively welded on the bottoms of the two supporting legs of the lower lining support (20), consequently, the lower lining support (20) can drive the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) to rotate together while rotating along the round groove (21), the switching between the wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact high-speed friction test system and creeping friction test system can be realized, and the motion states of cross-contact sliding friction and creeping friction of the wire ropes at different angles can also be realized.
  10. 10. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded holes (54) configured to fix the lower lining support (20) are arranged beside the round groove (21) machined on the right of the frame base (01), and the threaded holes (54) are arranged in pairs into a plurality of groups, which make a certain angle between one another, so that the lower lining support (20) can be conveniently fixed after being rotated by a certain angle.
  11. 11. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the four threaded through holes are machined in the top surface of the lower lining support (20) which is in contact with the lower lining (36), moreover, the four adjusting bolts (35) are correspondingly mounted on the bottom surface, so that the height of the lower lining (36) can be adjusted, consequently, the affection of dimension errors is effectively prevented in the process of machining the lower lining support (20), and in the process of a test, it is ensured that the connector-less wire rope (13) can be in tight contact with the upper pressing wire rope (07) and the lower pressing wire rope (29) while keeping horizontal.
  12. 12. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric disc (23) is connected with the tension and pressure sensor (24) in a hinge manner and the connecting rod (25) is connected with the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) in the hinge manner to ensure that all the components can relatively rotate in a vertical plane, realizing the normal operation of the crank slider mechanism.
  13. 13. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the creeping wire rope (27) is fixed on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) through the threaded hook (28), the bottom of a baffle at one end of the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) is connected with a bottom plate by using a dovetail groove, so that the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) can horizontally slide backward under the push of the tensioning motor (32), realizing the tensioning of the creeping wire rope (27), and the rollers (30) which are mounted on the bottom of the whole creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) decrease frictional resistance for the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) in the process of reciprocation and increase the accuracy of wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact creeping friction force measurement.
  14. 14. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining linkage jig (52) is divided into a front part and a rear part, and the two parts are connected into a whole through two groups of steel sheets (55) connected together crosswise, realizing the synchronous motion of the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) in the process of friction and wear.
  15. 15. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the the lining compression box (12) is composed of the four steel plates connected together, the anti-friction rollers (53) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lining compression box (12), so that the lining compression box (12) can easily slide forward and backward, ensuring that the connector-less wire rope (13) is always horizontal and does not curve in the process of sliding friction with the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50), and playing an automatic centering role.
  16. 16. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the output end of the first pusher servomotor (09) is connected to a first pressure sensor (08), which can measure the magnitude of positive pressure between the wire ropes in real time; a tension sensor (16) is connected between the hydraulic cylinder (17) and the driven pulley support (15), and is configured to measure the tension of the connector-less wire rope (13); a second pressure sensor (33) is arranged between the tensioning motor (32) and the baffle on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), and is configured to measure tensile force acting on the creeping wire rope (27); the second pusher servomotor (47) provides pressure for the lining linkage jig (52), so that the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and the magnitude of the pressure can be measured by the third pressure sensor (46).
  17. 17. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that corresponding sliding friction forces are measured by three tension sensors (41, 43, 45) arranged at corresponding positions of the connector-less wire rope (13), a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction contact point is between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43), a wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction contact point is between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45), the difference value between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43) is friction force produced by wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction, and the difference value between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45) is friction force under the wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction motion state.
  18. 18. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the first acoustic emission sensor (40) arranged on the lower lining (36) and the second acoustic emission sensor (49) arranged on the rear friction lining (50) can monitor the change law of production and extension of cracks in case of the wire ropes being under the sliding friction and creeping friction states and the friction linings being under the sliding friction state in real time.
  19. 19. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that a first thermal infrared imager (42) and a second thermal infrared imager (44) can monitor the temperature changes of the friction linings in the process of sliding friction motion and the temperature changes of the wire ropes in the process of sliding and creeping friction motions in real time.
  20. 20. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the strain gage (51) attached to the front friction lining (48) can monitor the change of surface stress of the front friction lining (48) in the process of sliding friction motion in real time.
  21. 21. The tester according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooperation between states, such as the pusher servomotors outputting different pressure loads, watering or applying grease on the connector-less wire rope (13) and applying different magnitudes of tensile force on the creeping wire rope (27), can simulate actual hoisting conditions of a mine hoist.
  22. 22. A test method for carrying out a friction test by applying an integrated friction tester for wire ropes and friction linings for hoists as claimed in any one of claims 1-21, characterized by being capable of respectively simulating a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction condition, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction condition and a wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction condition, and detecting related friction and wear parameters under each working condition; simulating wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction comprising the following steps: Al: Mount a connector-less wire rope (13) onto a driving friction pulley (04) and a driven friction pulley (14), adjust a hydraulic cylinder (17) to pull a driven pulley support (15) and the driven friction pulley (14) together to the right, and tension the connector-less wire rope (13) until the connector-less wire rope (13) is horizontally tightened; A2: Fix a lower lining support (20), tension an upper pressing wire rope (07) and a lower pressing wire rope (29) on an upper lining fixture (10) and the lower lining support (20), fixedly connect lining guide rail frames (26) with the lower lining support (20), put in the tensioned upper pressing wire rope (07) along a guide way, and start a first pusher servomotor (09) to apply positive pressure load on the upper lining fixture (10), so that the upper wire rope and the lower wire rope clamp the connector-less wire rope (13); A3: Start a first adjustable-speed servomotor (02), utilize a speed reducer (03) to output enough torque to drive a driving friction pulley (04) to rotate, and utilize friction drive to make the connector-less wire rope (13) to continuously rotate at high speed in one direction; simulating wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction comprising the following steps: Bl: Mount the connector-less wire rope (13) onto the driving friction pulley (04) and the driven friction pulley (14), adjust the hydraulic cylinder (17) to pull the driven pulley support (15) and the driven friction pulley (14) together to the right, and tension the connector-less wire rope (13) until the connector-less wire rope (13) is horizontally tightened; B2: Put a front friction lining (48) and a rear friction lining (50) into a lining linkage jig (52), make the front friction lining (48) and the rear friction lining (50) to clamp the connector-less wire rope (13), and start a second pusher servomotor (47) to apply pressure load on the front friction lining (48); simulating wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous creeping friction comprising the following steps: Cl: Put a creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11) onto a supporting platform, use a threaded hook (28) to fix a creeping wire rope (27) on the creeping wire rope tensioning frame (11), so that the creeping wire rope (27) is in contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), start a tensioning motor (32) to tension the creeping wire rope (27), adjust adjusting bolts (35) and lower rope tensioning tumbuckles (31) to keep the creeping wire rope (27) in cross contact with the lower pressing wire rope (29), place the upper pressing wire rope (07), fix the lining guide rail frames (26), and start the first pusher servomotor (09) to press the upper pressing wire rope (07); C2: Connect a connecting rod (25), a tension and pressure sensor (24) and an eccentric disc (23) already mounted on a second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), start the second adjustable-speed servomotor (22), so that a whole crank slider structure operates, carry out the simulation of wire rope-and-wire rope creeping friction motion, and utilize the tension and pressure sensor (24) to measure friction force in the process of creeping friction; wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact continuous high-speed sliding friction and wire rope-and-friction lining continuous high-speed sliding friction being capable of being simultaneously simulated; the three types of working conditions being capable of being switched; three tension sensors (41, 43, 45) being capable of measuring the sliding friction force between the wire ropes and/or between the wire ropes and the friction linings, a wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction contact point being between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43), a wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction contact point being between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45), the difference value between the first tension sensor (41) and the second tension sensor (43) being friction force produced by wire rope-and-wire rope cross-contact sliding friction, and the difference value between the second tension sensor (43) and the third tension sensor (45) being friction force under the wire rope-and-friction lining sliding friction motion state; after parameter measurement is completed, the first adjustable-speed servomotor (02) or the pusher servomotors being stopped, finishing the corresponding part of test, and after the test is finished, a scale being used to weigh the pressing wire ropes and/or the friction linings respectively before and after the test, so that wear rates of corresponding friction motions can be worked out; and in the process of the test, a first thermal infrared imager (42) and a second thermal infrared imager (44) being utilized to monitor the temperature changes of the friction linings in the process of sliding friction and the temperature changes of the wire ropes in the process of sliding or creeping friction motion in real time.
  23. 23. The test method according to claim 22, characterized in that a test is carried out by watering or applying grease on the surfaces of the connector-less wire rope (13) and the creeping wire rope (27) to simulate an actual hoisting condition.
  24. 24. The test method according to claim 22, characterized in that the lower lining support (20) can be rotated by any angle in a round groove (21) on a base (01) before being fixed, and thereby the included angle of cross contact between the wire ropes can be adjusted.
  25. 25. The test method according to claim 22, characterized in that a plurality of threaded holes are machined at positions at different distances from the circle center on the eccentric disc (23) on the cam motor in order to meet requirements on different creeping amplitudes of the creeping wire rope.
AU2015385477A 2015-03-10 2015-12-28 Comprehensive steel wire rope and friction liner friction detection apparatus and method for hoist Ceased AU2015385477B2 (en)

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