AU2015246193A1

AU2015246193A1 - Roll-off bushing in a crusher

Info

Publication number: AU2015246193A1
Application number: AU2015246193A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Timo BISCHOF
Original assignee: ThyssenKrupp AG; ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Current assignee: FLSmidth AS
Priority date: 2014-04-16
Filing date: 2015-04-08
Publication date: 2016-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2035-04-08
Also published as: DE102014105415A1; AU2015246193B2; EP3131677A1; CN106163666B; WO2015158579A1; EP3131677B1; DK3131677T3; CL2016002525A1; PE20161455A1; CN106163666A

Abstract

Cone or gyratory crusher with a crusher axle, the head of which is mounted in an upper axle bearing held by a crossbeam, wherein the upper axle bearing has a roll-off bushing accommodated in a central socket, wherein an annular abrasion insert is held in the roll-off bushing, and the head of the crusher axle rolls off against said abrasion insert, wherein the socket forms a conically tapering inner cone, and a pulling means is provided for drawing the roll-off bushing into the socket, and wherein the roll-off bushing becomes narrower when drawn in and thus frictionally clamps the abrasion insert in the roll-off bushing.

Description

1

Rolling Bush in a Crusher 5

Description

The invention relates to a cone crusher or gyratory crusher having a tumbling crusher shaft whose head is mounted in an upper shaft bearing held by a crossmember. In this arrangement, the upper shaft bearing comprises a rolling 10 bush which is received in a central receptacle and in which an annular wear insert (“wearing insert”) is held. The head of the crusher shaft rolls against this wearing insert. The invention also relates to a method for installing an annular wearing insert in the upper shaft bearing of such a crusher.

PRIOR ART 15 Crushers in the form of gyratory crushers, dual-type gyratory crushers and cone crushers have long been known and are disclosed for example in DE 10 2011 009 409 A1. However, changing mining and processing techniques require, in addition to new materials and design methods, a continuous further development of these crushers that leads toward ever greater performance with 20 simultaneously economic operation, and thus toward low servicing and maintenance costs. In order to reduce the maintenance costs, it is known for example to make use of a wear insert - the features “wear insert” and “wearing insert” are used synonymously hereinbelow - in the bearing of the shaft head, which insert, despite generous grease lubrication, is worn by the head of the 25 tumbling crusher shaft in the course of operation and has to be exchanged from time to time as a “wear part”. However, the use of wearing inserts, which can be manufactured from gray cast iron, steel, or bronze, makes it possible, during the maintenance of the head bearing, to save a large amount of material to be exchanged, thereby lowering the maintenance costs and simplifying handling.

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In a known manner, the cylindrical wearing insert, which comprises a slightly convexly curved “spherical” inner wall to accommodate the tumbling movement, is shrunk into the rolling bush during mounting. For this purpose, the rolling bush is widened by heating and then cooled together with the inserted previously cooled 5 wearing insert such that the latter is clamped in the rolling bush upon temperature equalization.

Here, in order to accurately position the rolling bush and to retain it securely, it has proved worthwhile to provide a conical seat of the rolling bush in the receptacle. The rolling bush is then inserted by its conical outer wall into the correspondingly 10 conically narrowing receptacle in the crossmember of the crusher and fixed by screwing the flange. For demounting purposes, the screws are loosened and the rolling bush with the shrunk-in wearing insert is removed from the receptacle.

However, the problem of the wearing insert shrunk in in such a way lies in the fact that it can only be removed with difficulty from the rolling bush at the end of its 15 service life. Finally, there are no means available in situ to heat a rolling bush weighing tons and thus to expand it to such an extent that the wearing insert would be released, especially since, owing to the good thermal conductivity, the latter expands together with the rolling bush. In the end, the wearing insert has to be destroyed by cutting or burning, but this is accompanied by the considerable risk 20 of damage to the rolling bush. Moreover, this type of removal requires a large amount of time which has a negative effect on the downtime of the crusher.

THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is now to provide a head bearing for such a crusher that allows simple and precise installation and above all convenient 25 exchange of the annular wearing insert. It is also the object to propose a method, which can be conveniently carried out in situ, for removing and installing the wearing insert in the upper shaft bearing of a crusher.

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These objects are achieved by the crusher as claimed in claim 1 and the method as claimed in claim 9. Advantageous embodiments are described in the respective subclaims.

In accordance with the claims, the essential aspect of the invention consists in 5 forming the rolling bush as it were as a collet chuck which is pulled into the inner cone of the receptacle by the pulling means and in the process is deformed in such a way that it clamps the wearing insert, which is at first held loosely therein, in a frictionally locking manner. Conversely, the rolling bush opens by loosening the pulling means or by moving the rolling bush out of the receptacle, with the 10 result that the frictional locking between the wearing insert and rolling bush diminishes and the wearing insert, which is then again positioned loosely in said bush, can be removed.

In order to realize this collet chuck function, the central receptacle, which is formed as part of the upper shaft bearing of the crossmember, forms a conically tapering 15 inner cone. To implement the function realized by known collet chucks by means of the cap nut, according to the invention there is provided the pulling means by which the rolling bush is pulled or pushed coaxially into the receptacle. When the bush is being pulled or pushed into the conically tapering receptacle, the inside diameter of the rolling bush also correspondingly narrows and thus clamps the 20 wear insert, which is at first loosely inserted therein, in a frictionally locking manner.

Here, it is particularly advantageous for the as frictionless as possible function if the “collet chuck” itself, which in the present case is formed by the rolling bush, also forms a conically tapering outer cone tailored to the angle of the receptacle. 25 Thus, the two cone surfaces of the receptacle and rolling bush slide over one another as in a clamping set when pulling in said bush, with the axial sliding movement resulting in a radially clamping movement. Staying with the image of the collet chuck, the wearing insert held in the rolling bush forms the workpiece to be clamped in.

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To assist the clamping reduction in diameter of the rolling bush, it is advantageous if the wall of the rolling bush that forms the conically tapering outer cone is radially breached by at least one slot, but in particular by a plurality of slots, wherein the slot or slots extend in the wall in the axial direction. Advantageously, the wall 5 comprises, as likewise known from collet chucks, a plurality of slots which are distributed symmetrically around the periphery and which extend over a large length which advantageously corresponds to the length of the wear insert inserted in the rolling bush. The slots are of such length that they open out in the lower edge of the rolling bush. 10 In order to make handling particularly simple, it is advantageous for the rolling bush to be mounted from above and not from below. The rolling bush thus slides into the receptacle, pulled by its weight. Mounting from above is made possible by the fact that the inner cone of the receptacle tapers downward. Moreover, the required pulling means is formed such that it can be operated from above and 15 correspondingly pushes in or pulls in the rolling bush from above.

Here, it is particularly advantageous for the purpose of simple (de)mounting in situ of the rolling bush equipped with the wearing insert if the pulling means is designed as a screw connection which acts on a flange of the rolling bush. The screws of the screw connection penetrate through through-bores which are 20 distributed uniformly around the periphery of the flange surrounding the upper edge of the rolling bush. The screws are then screwed into threads which are distributed with a corresponding spacing around the edge of the receptacle. Since it is possible under certain circumstances that, in spite of loosening the screw connection, the pulled-in rolling bush cannot be readily released from the conical 25 seat of the receptacle, it is advantageous to provide in the flange continuous forcing threads into which the screws are screwed. If the screws have penetrated through the thread, they are supported against the edge of the receptacle and upon further screwing force the rolling bush out of the conical seat.

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In order to facilitate mounting of the wearing insert, it is also advantageous if the rolling bush forms an in particular annular stop at the lower edge, on which stop the wearing insert lies following the loose insertion. Thus, a defined position of the wearing insert within the rolling bush and thus within the head bearing is provided. 5 The invention makes it possible for a wearing insert, after it has reached its service life, to be replaced by simple manipulations in that the rolling bush is removed from the crossmember, thereby relieving the prestress which fixes the wearing insert. The wearing insert can then be removed from the rolling bush without great effort, if appropriate using the forcing threads. The manner according to the 10 invention in which the wearing insert is fixed makes it considerably easier to install it. Here, for removal purposes, the wearing insert does not need to be cooled or the rolling bush heated. In particular, the complex and not entirely risk-free destruction of the wearing insert is no longer necessary. As a result, the risk of adversely affecting the rolling bush is averted. Moreover, the invention affords a 15 considerable time saving during maintenance.

PREFERRED EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION A particular embodiment of the gyratory crusher according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures, in which: 20 figure 1 shows an upper shaft bearing held in the crossmember 1, and figure 2 shows a rolling bush.

Figure 1 shows the upper shaft bearing of a cone crusher or gyratory crusher held in a two-arm crossmember 1, in which shaft bearing the head of a crusher shaft 2 is rotatably mounted. At the lower end, the crusher shaft is radially guided in an 25 eccentric insert of a lower eccentric bearing (not shown). The encircling eccentric bush imparts the tumbling movement characteristic of gyratory crushers to the crusher shaft. The head of the crusher shaft 2 thus also carries out a tumbling movement in the upper shaft bearing and in so doing rolls against an annular wear

8255896_1 (GHMatters) P104181 .AU 6 insert 3 held in the upper shaft bearing. Here, a stand lubrication is provided between the head of the crusher shaft 2 and the wear insert 3. The axial support (not shown) for the crusher shaft is provided by means of an axial bearing arranged on the piston of a hydraulic cylinder. 5 The wear insert 3 is a ring which is manufactured in this case from the bearing material, in particular gray cast iron, steel or bronze, having a slightly convexly curved inner surface, said ring being held in a rolling bush 4. By contrast, the rolling bush 4 is accommodated in a cylindrical central receptacle 5 of the upper shaft bearing. In this arrangement, it can be seen from figure 1 that the receptacle 10 5 forms an inner cone which tapers slightly conically downward. According to the invention, the outer shell 7 of the rolling bush 4 also tapers slightly conically downward (figure 2), with the result that the cone surfaces of the receptacle 5 and of the rolling bush 4 slide over one another as in a clamping set when pulling the rolling bush 4 into the receptacle 5, and the axial movement leads to a narrowing 15 of the diameter. By contrast, the inner periphery of the rolling bush 4 is cylindrical, with the result that the annular wear insert 3 can be inserted with a sliding fit and then clamped by pulling in the rolling bush 4. To retain the wear insert 3, the rolling bush 4 forms on the lower edge 12 an annular stop 6 on which the wear insert 3 lies. 20 In order to pull the rolling bush 4 into the receptacle 5, the pulling means provided is a screw connection whose screws 8 penetrate through bores 9 which are uniformly distributed around the periphery of a flange 10 situated on the upper edge of the rolling bush 4. The screws 8 are screwed into threads which are correspondingly made in the upper edge of the receptacle 5. When pulling in the 25 rolling bush 4, it narrows and thus clamps the inserted wear insert 3 in a frictionally locking manner.

The wall of the rolling bush 4 is radially breached by a plurality of slots 11 which extend in the axial direction along the wall. Here, the slots 11 are distributed symmetrically about the periphery and extend from the flange 10 over the entire

8255696.1 (GHMatters) P104181.AU 7 length of the wear insert 3 inserted in the rolling bush 4. The slots 11 open out in the lower edge 12 of the rolling bush 4.

To install an annular wear insert 3 in the upper shaft bearing of the crusher, the wear insert 3 is first inserted loosely into the rolling bush 4 which has not been 5 pulled into the receptacle 5. The conical rolling bush 4 is then pulled uniformly into the conically tapering inner cone of the receptacle 5 by means of the screw connection, wherein the rolling bush 4, which is slotted like a collet chuck, narrows. With the narrowing action, the inserted wear insert 4 is clamped in the rolling bush 4 in a frictionally locking manner. To remove the wear insert 3, all that 10 is required is for the screw connection to be loosened and the rolling bush 4 removed upward out of the receptacle 5. As the rolling bush 4 is being removed, its diameter widens, with the result that the wear insert 3 can be simply removed. To lift the rolling bush 4 out of the receptacle 5, a forcing thread can be provided. 15

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List of Reference Signs 1 Crossmember 2 Crusher shaft 3 Wear insert 4 Rolling bush 5 Central receptacle 6 Stop 7 Outer shell 8 Screws 9 Bores 10 Flange 11 Slots 12 Lower edge

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Claims

Claims

1. A cone crusher or gyratory crusher having a crusher shaft (2) whose head is mounted in an upper shaft bearing held by a crossmember (1), wherein the upper shaft bearing comprises a rolling bush (4) received in a central receptacle (5) and wherein an annular wear insert (3) is held in the rolling bush (4), against which insert the head of the crusher shaft (2) rolls, characterized in that the receptacle (5) forms a conically tapering inner cone and in that a pulling means (8) for pulling the rolling bush (4) into the receptacle (5) is provided, wherein the rolling bush (4) narrows upon being pulled in and thus clamps the wear insert (3) inserted in the rolling bush (4) in a frictionally locking manner.
2. The crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the rolling bush (4) outwardly forms a conically tapering outer cone, wherein the cone surfaces of the receptacle (5) and rolling bush (4) slide over one another when said bush is being pulled in.
3. The crusher as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, the inner cone of the receptacle (5) tapers downward and the rolling bush (4) is correspondingly pulled in from above.
4. The crusher as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the pulling means is a screw connection, wherein the screws (8) penetrate through bores (9) which are uniformly distributed around the periphery of a flange (10) situated on the upper edge of the rolling bush (4), and wherein the screws (8) are screwed into threads which are provided in the receptacle (5).
5. The crusher as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the wall of the rolling bush (4) that forms the conically tapering outer cone is radially breached by slots (11), wherein the slots (11) extend in the axial direction in the wall.
6. The crusher as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, the wall comprises a plurality of slots (11) which are distributed symmetrically around the periphery and which extend over the length of the wear insert (3) inserted in the rolling bush (4) and which open out in the lower edge (12) of the rolling bush (4).
7. The crusher as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolling bush forms at the lower edge (12) a stop (6) on which the wear insert (3) lies.
8. The crusher as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, forcing threads are provided into which there are screwed screws which are then supported against the edge of the receptacle (5) and pull the rolling bush (4) out of the conical seat.
9. A method for installing an annular wear insert in the upper shaft bearing of a crusher as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the wear insert is inserted loosely into the slotted rolling bush and in that the rolling bush is pulled uniformly into the conically tapering inner cone of the receptacle by the screw connection, wherein the rolling bush narrows and thus clamps the inserted wear insert in a frictionally locking manner.