CN110153936B

CN110153936B - Quick disassembling device and quick disassembling method using same

Info

Publication number: CN110153936B
Application number: CN201810932467.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘乐华; 李得英; 张纪华; 王亚东; 杨晓光
Original assignee: Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
Current assignee: Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
Priority date: 2018-08-16
Filing date: 2018-08-16
Publication date: 2020-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-16
Also published as: CN110153936A

Abstract

The invention provides a quick dismounting device and a quick dismounting method using the same, wherein the device is used for quickly dismounting a test model which is tightly clamped on an interception piece and moves in water at a high speed, and comprises a body, a first clamping piece, a second clamping piece and a third clamping piece, wherein the body is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of first threaded holes, the extending direction of the first through hole is consistent with the extending direction of the plurality of threaded holes, and the body has a first state that the test model is sleeved by the first through hole; the plurality of screw rods are arranged in the plurality of first threaded holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and the positioning assembly is in contact with one side of the body, which is far away from the intercepting piece, when the body is in the first state and is used for positioning the test model. The device can realize the stable, quick and nondestructive recovery of the test model with tight clamping stagnation and high-speed underwater motion.

Description

Quick disassembling device and quick disassembling method using same

Technical Field

The invention provides a quick disassembling device and a quick disassembling method using the same, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical device design.

Background

The problem of low-speed water entry and load reduction of the blunt-end revolving body is researched by an airdrop torpedo object in China, and the water entry speed of a model is low; in recent years, the large-scale tubular launching device adopting a compressed air cannon is successfully developed to realize the hundred-meter-scale high-speed water entry of a 1 m-scale model, and the reasonable compact layout design of a microstructure measurement system also enables the synchronous quantitative measurement of high-speed water entry movement and a flow field to be realized. However, in order to ensure the safety of the test, the large-size and large-mass test model needs to be intercepted as soon as possible after entering water at a high speed, and because the kinetic energy of the model is very large, the adoption of multiple layers of steel plates with large areas becomes an important means for implementing the interception of the model. After the model impacts the steel plate at a high speed, the model can penetrate through a plurality of layers of steel plates and is finally stuck on the steel plates, so that the recovery difficulty of the test model is greatly increased.

After the test is finished, the model needs to be recovered in a nondestructive mode, the upper computer of the inner measuring plate is taken out to read the test result, the damage degree of the model is reduced as much as possible, and the reusability is improved. At present, a puller (an electric hydraulic jacking multi-purpose machine) is a common device for quickly separating and disassembling tight clamping stagnation parts (such as a bearing and a shaft), and the device hooks a pull claw on the outer edge of a large-diameter separating part (such as a bearing), and then rotates a rotating handle to drive the pull claw to drive the large-diameter separating part to move outwards to realize separation. However, for the separation of the test model tightly clamped on the steel plate, the steel plate has extremely large size and insufficient rigidity, so that the steel plate cannot be driven to be separated from the test model by the pulling claw, and the puller device is not applicable. In addition, the separation of the test model and the steel plate is realized by methods of cutting the model, cutting the steel plate, adopting strong transient large overload and the like, the method has long time consumption, increases the damage degree of the model, even endangers the safety of an internal test system, and increases the damage risk of test data.

Disclosure of Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.

The invention aims to provide a quick disassembling device and a quick disassembling method using the same so as to realize stable, quick and nondestructive recovery of a test model with tight clamping and high-speed water inlet movement.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

according to one aspect of the invention, the quick dismounting device is used for quickly dismounting a test model which is tightly clamped on an intercepting piece and moves in high-speed water, and comprises a body, a first clamping piece, a second clamping piece and a third clamping piece, wherein the body is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of first threaded holes, the extending direction of the first through hole is consistent with the extending direction of the plurality of threaded holes, and the body has a first state that the first through hole is sleeved on the test model; the plurality of screw rods are arranged in the plurality of first threaded holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and the positioning assembly is in contact with one side of the body, which is far away from the intercepting piece, when the body is in the first state and is used for positioning the test model.

Further, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning body, a clamping part and a locking part, and the positioning body is in contact with one side of the body far away from the intercepting piece when the body is in the first state; clamping part and locking part all set up on the location body, and locking part is used for exerting pressure to the clamping part and orders about clamping part tight test model in order to realize the location.

Furthermore, a second through hole is formed in the positioning plate, and the extending direction of the second through hole is consistent with the extending direction of the first through hole; the positioning body is sleeved on the test model through the second through hole when the body is in the first state; the clamping part is circumferentially arranged in the second through hole, and one end of the locking part is also contacted with the clamping part and can move along the radial direction of the clamping part.

Further, the locking portion is a plurality of, and the one end of a plurality of locking portions evenly is contacted with the clamping part along the circumference of clamping part interval.

Further, the clamping part is a clamping ring; the locking part is a compression bolt; a plurality of second threaded holes are evenly formed in the positioning body in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of compression bolts are arranged in the second threaded holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Further, the device still includes the stabilizer plate, and the stabilizer plate is worn to establish on a plurality of hob towards interception piece direction one side, is provided with the stabilizer plate through-hole on the stabilizer plate, and the stabilizer plate still establishes on experimental model through stabilizer plate through-hole cover when the body is in first state.

Further, the body and the screw rod are made of steel materials or iron materials.

Furthermore, the positioning body is a positioning plate made of steel materials or iron materials; the clamping part is made of iron or aluminum alloy metal material.

Further, the stabilizing plate is made of ABS engineering plastics.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a quick disassembling method using the above device, comprising the steps of:

step 1, controlling the body to be in a first state, and rotating a plurality of screw rods to enable the screw rods to be in contact with an intercepting piece;

step 2, controlling the positioning assembly to contact one side of the body far away from the intercepting piece when the body is in the first state and positioning the test model;

and 3, rotating the plurality of screw rods to press the intercepting piece so as to drive the body to drive the positioning assembly and the test model to be far away from the intercepting piece.

Through the technical scheme, the device for quickly dismantling the test model which is tightly clamped on the intercepting piece and moves in water at a high speed comprises a body, a plurality of spiral rods and a positioning assembly, wherein the body is used for providing support for the spiral rods and has a first state that the body is sleeved on the test model through a first through hole; the positioning assembly is used for contacting one side of the body far away from the intercepting piece when the body is in the first state and positioning the test model; when the body is in first state, only need a plurality of hob of rotation can drive the body and be close or keep away from the interception piece to because locating component contacts with one side that the interception piece was kept away from to the body, can drive locating component on the basis that the body removed and keep away from the interception piece, realize promptly adopting the quick demolition of the test model of locating component location, adopt the device easy operation, can realize stably, fast, harmless will go into water at a high speed and test model and demolish from the interception piece.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a quick dismantling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention when dismantling a test model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a body, a screw rod and a stabilizer plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a connection structure of a body, a screw rod and a stabilizer plate according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a front view of a positioning assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings:

10. a body; 11. a first through hole; 12. a first threaded hole; 20. a screw rod; 30. a positioning assembly; 31. positioning the body; 311. a second through hole; 312. a second threaded hole; 32. a clamping portion; 33. a locking portion; 40. a stabilizing plate; 100. an interception member; 200. and (4) testing the model.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a quick disassembling device for quickly disassembling a test model 200 of a high-speed water inlet movement tightly clamped on an intercepting piece 100 is provided according to an embodiment of the invention, and the device comprises a body 10, a first through hole 11 and a plurality of first threaded holes 12 are arranged on the body 10, the extending direction of the first through hole 11 is consistent with the extending direction of the plurality of threaded holes, and the body 10 has a first state that the test model 200 is sleeved through the first through hole 11; the screw rods 20 are arranged in the first threaded holes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and the positioning component 30, the positioning component 30 is contacted with one side of the body 10 far away from the interception piece 100 when the body 10 is in the first state and is used for positioning the test model 200.

The device for quickly dismantling the test model 200 which is tightly clamped on the interception piece 100 and moves in water at a high speed comprises a body 10, a plurality of screw rods 20 and a positioning assembly 30, wherein the body 10 is used for providing support for the screw rods 20 and has a first state that the test model 200 is sleeved by a first through hole 11; the positioning component 30 is used for contacting with one side of the body 10 far away from the interception piece 100 when the body 10 is in the first state and positioning the test model 200; when the body 10 is in the first state, the body 10 can be driven to be away from the barrier member 100 only by rotating the plurality of screw rods 20, and the positioning assembly 30 can be driven to be away from the barrier member 100 on the basis of the movement of the body 10 because the positioning assembly 30 is in contact with one side of the body 10 away from the barrier member 100, that is, the test model 200 positioned by the positioning assembly 30 can be quickly disassembled.

According to the above, the device is simple to operate, and can stably, quickly and nondestructively remove the high-speed water inlet test model 200 from the interception piece 100.

Referring to fig. 2-4, in the present invention, the dismounting device exists before being used, when dismounting is performed, the body 10 is sleeved on the test model 200 through the first through hole 11, that is, the first state of the body 10 is obtained, because the extending directions of the first through hole 11 and the plurality of first threaded holes 12 are consistent, when the body 10 is sleeved on the test model 200 through the first through hole 11, the orientation of the screw rod 20 installed in the first threaded hole 12 is substantially the same as that of the test model 200, because the test model 200 is stuck on the interception member 100, the screw rod 20 can be contacted with the interception member 100 by rotating and apply pressure to the interception member 100 by continuously rotating, and then the body 10 with the test model 200 positioned by the positioning assembly 30 is driven to be away from the interception member 100 under the action of force, so as to dismount the test model 200. In addition, since the interception member 100 for intercepting the test model 200 has a very large size and insufficient rigidity, and the test model 200 has a large size, the screw rod 20 is selected as a power source for disassembly in the invention, so as to overcome the above problems and realize stable, rapid and nondestructive disassembly.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the barrier 100 is generally provided as a steel plate.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in order to remove the large-sized test model 200, at least two screw rods 20 are provided, and preferably, at least two screw rods 20 are distributed on the body 10 at both sides of the test model 200 when the body 10 is in the first state.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, in order to achieve stable detachment and uniform force, three screw rods 20 are provided, and the three screw rods 20 are uniformly distributed on the body 10 along the axial direction of the test model 200 when the body 10 is in the first state.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in consideration of the shape of the test model 200 and the convenience of mounting and stably detaching the screw rod 20 and the test model 200 on the body 10, the body 10 is provided as a support plate, a first through hole 11 is processed at a middle position of the support plate, and a first threaded hole 12 is processed along the circumferential direction of the support plate, preferably, the first through hole 11 and the first threaded hole 12 extend in the thickness direction of the support plate, the support plate is sleeved on the test model 200 through the first through hole 11, and the screw rod 20 is mounted in the first threaded hole 12 of the support plate.

In the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, in order to make the body 10 drive the test model 200 to be away from the intercepting member 100, the positioning assembly 30 is provided to include a positioning body 31, a clamping portion 32 and a locking portion 33, the positioning body 31 is in contact with a side of the body 10 away from the intercepting member 100 when the body 10 is in the first state; the clamping portion 32 and the locking portion 33 are both disposed on the positioning body 31, and the locking portion 33 is used for applying pressure to the clamping portion 32 to drive the clamping portion 32 to clamp the test model 200 for positioning. Through setting up locating component 30 and including location body 31, clamping part 32 and locking part 33, wherein, in the dismantlement process, because clamping part 32 has already clamped the location for test model 200 under the impetus of locking part 33, clamping part 32 and locking part 33 set up again on location body 31, and location body 31 and body 10 keep away from one side of interceptor 100 and contact, that is, when body 10 constantly keeps away from interceptor 100, location body 31 that contacts with the body 10 and keeps away from one side of interceptor 100 just can be driven by body 10 and move under the circumstances that body 10 removed, and then takes test model 200 to keep away from interceptor 100.

In this embodiment, in order to stably position the test model 200 by the test positioning assembly 30, the positioning body 31 is provided with a second through hole 311, and an extending direction of the second through hole 311 is consistent with an extending direction of the first through hole 11; the positioning body 31 is sleeved on the test model 200 through the second through hole 311 when the body 10 is in the first state; the holding portion 32 is circumferentially disposed in the second through hole 311, and one end of the locking portion 33 is also connected to the holding portion 32 and is movable in the radial direction of the holding portion 32. In other words, the positioning body 31 can be contacted with one side of the body 10 far away from the interception piece 100 after being installed in place, and the positioning body 31 can be in surface-to-surface fit with the side of the body 10 far away from the interception piece 100, so that the positioning body 31 is more easily far away from the interception piece 100 under the driving of the body 10; in addition, the clamping portion 32 is circumferentially arranged in the second through hole 311, and one end of the locking portion 33 is also in contact with the clamping portion 32 and can move along the radial direction of the clamping portion 32, so that the clamping portion 32 contracts or expands, and the test model 200 can be further stably positioned.

Preferably, in order to achieve a stable movement, the diameter of the second through hole 311 is kept identical to the diameter of the first through hole 11, and the first through hole 11 and the second through hole are kept aligned when detached.

Preferably, in order to maintain the fitting of the body 10 and the positioning body 31, the positioning body 31 is provided as a positioning plate.

Preferably, in order to ensure that the stress is uniform and the clamping and positioning of the test model 200 are better achieved, the number of the locking parts 33 is multiple, and one ends of the multiple locking parts 33 are in contact with the clamping part 32 at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction of the clamping part 32.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the clamping portion 32 is designed as a snap ring; the locking part 33 is designed as a pressure bolt; in order to test the installation of the compression bolts, a plurality of second threaded holes 312 are uniformly formed in the positioning body 31 in the circumferential direction, and the compression bolts are arranged in the second threaded holes 312 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Because the compression bolt can move along the radial direction of the clamping ring, the second threaded hole 312 is inevitably arranged on the positioning body 31 along the radial direction of the clamping ring, one end of the compression bolt is also connected to the clamping ring, when the test model 200 is sleeved in the second through hole 311 when the test model is disassembled, because the clamping ring is circumferentially arranged in the second through hole 311, namely the test model 200 is also sleeved in the clamping ring, the compression bolt is screwed to move along the radial direction of the clamping ring and towards the clamping ring, and the clamping ring is contracted to clamp the test model 200; in addition, when the test model 200 is detached from the detaching device, the clamp ring is expanded by only unscrewing the compression bolt, and the test model 200 is released.

In the present invention, the apparatus further includes a stabilizing plate 40, the stabilizing plate 40 is disposed through the plurality of screw rods 20 facing one side of the intercepting member 100, a through hole of the stabilizing plate 40 is formed in the stabilizing plate 40, and the stabilizing plate 40 is further sleeved on the test model 200 through the through hole of the stabilizing plate 40 when the body 10 is in the first state. By applying the configuration mode, the design device further comprises the stabilizing plate 40 with the through hole of the stabilizing plate 40, and the stabilizing plate 40 is arranged on the plurality of spiral rods 20 towards one side of the direction of the intercepting part 100 in a penetrating manner (the spiral rods 20 are distributed at two sides of the body 10, one side of each spiral rod is towards the intercepting part 100, and the other side of each spiral rod is far away from the intercepting part 100), so that loose connection and positioning of the plurality of spiral rods 20 are realized, the stability of the plurality of spiral rods 20 is enhanced, and the quick and stable dismantling is facilitated.

In the present invention, the body 10, the screw rod 20, the positioning body 31 and the locking portion 33 are all large stress components, and are preferably made of hard metal materials, and more preferably made of steel materials or iron materials; the stabilizer plate 40 mainly bears the lateral force of the plurality of screw rods 20 under the unstable condition, and is preferably made of hard plastic, and more preferably made of ABS engineering plastic; the clamping portion 32 is preferably made of a metal material having an excessive hardness, more preferably a metal material having an excessive hardness such as iron or aluminum alloy, so as to be in tight contact with the test pattern 200, mainly receive a shearing force, and avoid damage to the test pattern 200. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the choice of materials for the present invention is not limited thereto, subject to the above requirements.

As can be seen from the above description, the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1) the body 10 can be driven to approach or depart from the interception member 100 by rotating the screw rod 20, and the body 10 can be driven to depart from the interception member 100 as a quick detaching device, wherein the main purpose of the quick detaching device is to drive the body 10 to depart from the interception member 100;

2) the positioning body 31 is disposed above the body 10 (with the direction of the interception member 100 as the lower direction), and when the body 10 is far away from the interception member 100, the positioning body 30 can be driven to be far away from the interception member 100;

3) the clamping part 32 can be tightly contacted with the test model 200 by screwing the locking part 33, so that the test model 200 can be driven to be far away from the interception piece 100 under the action of the positioning component 30, and the aim of quick nondestructive detachment is fulfilled;

4) when the body 10 approaches the interceptor 100, the locking part 33 needs to be unscrewed to realize non-close contact between the positioning assembly 30 and the test model 200, and the positioning assembly 30 is manually moved to be in contact with the body 10 again.

The dismounting device simply, conveniently and stably realizes the quick and nondestructive dismounting of the high-speed underwater motion test model 200 after high-speed motion interception and tightly stuck on the interception piece 100; the device can also be directly popularized to the fast disassembly of other models which are blocked or installed on parts with larger appearance; the invention improves the test efficiency, reduces the damage of the model and reduces the test cost.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a quick disassembling method using the above apparatus, including the steps of:

step 1, controlling the body 10 to be in a first state, and rotating a plurality of screw rods 20 to be in contact with the interceptor 100;

step 2, controlling the positioning assembly 30 to contact with one side of the body 10 far away from the interception piece 100 when the body 10 is in the first state and positioning the test model 200;

and 3, rotating the plurality of screw rods 20 to press the interception member 100 to drive the body 10 to drive the positioning assembly 30 and the test model 200 to move away from the interception member 100.

Specifically, the descriptions of the dismounting device with reference to the above contents are not repeated herein.

Specifically, the following describes the quick disassembling method with an embodiment:

1. assembling the body 10, the screw rod 20 and the stabilizer plate 40: the three screw rods 20 are connected with the support plate through the first threaded holes 12, and the stabilizing plate 40 is arranged on the screw rods 20 in a penetrating manner and is arranged on one side of the support plate;

2. assembling the positioning assembly 30: placing the clamping ring at the inner side of the second through hole 311 of the positioning plate, connecting the compression bolt with the positioning plate through the second threaded hole 312, and rotating the compression bolt to connect the tail end of the compression bolt with the outer edge of the clamping ring;

3. the quick dismounting device is installed: sequentially penetrating the test model 200 through the stabilizing plate 40, the through hole of the stabilizing plate 40 of the supporting plate and the first through hole 11, enabling the stabilizing plate 40 to be close to the steel plate, respectively rotating the three spiral rods 20 to enable the tail ends of the three spiral rods to be in contact with the steel plate, penetrating the test model 200 through the clamping ring, moving the positioning assembly 30 to enable the positioning plate to be in contact with the supporting plate, screwing the compression bolt to enable the clamping ring to be contracted until the inner edge of the clamping ring is in tight contact with the test model 200;

4. and (3) quick disassembly: rotating the screw rod 20 to drive the support plate to drive the positioning plate and the test model 200 to be away from the steel plate; the step 3 and the step are repeated for a single time or multiple times, so that the test model 200 can be quickly separated from the steel plate;

5. recovering the quick disassembling device: the clamping ring is expanded by rotating the compression bolt, and the clamping ring is not contacted with the test model 200 any more, so that the aim of rapidly and nondestructively recovering the test model 200 is fulfilled.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.

Claims

1. A quick release device for quick release of a test model (200) of high-speed underwater motion clamped tightly against a stop (100), comprising:

the test model comprises a body (10), wherein a first through hole (11) and a plurality of first threaded holes (12) are formed in the body (10), the extending direction of the first through hole (11) is consistent with the extending direction of the plurality of first threaded holes (12), and the body (10) has a first state that the test model (200) is sleeved with the first through hole (11);

a plurality of screw rods (20), wherein the screw rods (20) are arranged in the first threaded holes (12) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the positioning assembly (30) comprises a positioning body (31), a clamping part (32) and a locking part (33), and the positioning body (31) is in contact with one side of the body (10) far away from the intercepting piece (100) when the body (10) is in a first state; clamping part (32) and locking part (33) all set up on location body (31), locking part (33) are used for to clamping part (32) exert pressure and drive the clamping part presss from both sides tight test model (200) in order to realize the location.

2. A quick release device according to claim 1, characterised in that: a second through hole (311) is formed in the positioning body (31), and the extending direction of the second through hole (311) is consistent with the extending direction of the first through hole (11); the positioning body (31) is sleeved on the test model (200) through the second through hole (311) when the body (10) is in the first state; the clamping part (32) is circumferentially arranged in the second through hole (311), and one end of the locking part (33) is also in contact with the clamping part (32) and can move along the radial direction of the clamping part (32).

3. A quick release device according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping part (32) is arranged on the base, the locking parts (33) are multiple, and one ends of the locking parts (33) are in contact with the clamping part (32) at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction of the clamping part (32).

4. A quick release device according to claim 3, wherein: the clamping part (32) is a clamping ring; the locking part (33) is a compression bolt; a plurality of second threaded holes (312) are uniformly formed in the positioning body (31) in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of compression bolts are arranged in the plurality of second threaded holes (312) in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

5. A quick release device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the device still includes stabilizer plate (40), stabilizer plate (40) wear to establish towards interceptor (100) direction one side on a plurality of hob (20), be provided with third through-hole (41) on stabilizer plate (40), stabilizer plate (40) are in body (10) still pass through when being in the first state third through-hole (41) cover is established on experimental model (200).

6. A quick release device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the body (10) and the screw rod (20) are both made of steel materials or iron materials.

7. A quick release device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the positioning body (31) is a positioning plate made of steel materials or iron materials; the clamping part (32) is made of iron or aluminum alloy metal materials.

8. A quick-release device according to claim 5, characterised in that: the stabilizing plate (40) is made of ABS engineering plastics.

9. A method of quick release using the device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, controlling the body (10) to be in a first state, and rotating the plurality of screw rods (20) to be in contact with the interception piece (100);

step 2, controlling the positioning assembly (30) to be in contact with one side of the body (10) far away from the interception piece (100) when the body (10) is in the first state and positioning the test model (200);

and 3, rotating the plurality of screw rods (20) to press the interception piece (100) so as to drive the body (10) to drive the positioning assembly (30) and the test model (200) to be far away from the interception piece (100).