AU2014351103A1

AU2014351103A1 - Opening and closing device of discharge door of railway wagon, railway wagon and ground unloading device

Info

Publication number: AU2014351103A1
Application number: AU2014351103A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Haipeng Liu; Zhenguo Wu; Lei Yu; Yuebin Yu; Linghan Yue; Tianjun ZHAO
Original assignee: Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock Co Ltd; Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock Co Ltd Dalian R&D Centre
Current assignee: CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd; Dalian Research and Development Center of CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-02-27
Filing date: 2014-06-30
Publication date: 2015-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2034-06-30
Also published as: WO2015127738A1; CN103786735B; CN103786735A; AU2014351103B2

Abstract

English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 An opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon, a railway wagon and a ground unloading device are provided according to the present application. The opening and closing device includes a four-bar mechanism, and the four-bar mechanism includes a 5 rotating shaft provided on a bottom surface of a vehicle body transversely, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a first door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a first direction, and another end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a second door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the first direction and a second door closing arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in 10 a direction opposite to the first direction. A straight line, where tail ends of the first door opening arm and the second door opening arm are located, is in parallel with the rotating shaft, and the second door closing arm transversely extends beyond an outer side of the second door opening arm and is spaced from the second door opening arm by a first interval. - 12 -

Description

English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 OPENING AND CLOSING DEVICE OF DISCHARGE DOOR OF RAILWAY WAGON, RAILWAY WAGON AND GROUND UNLOADING DEVICE [00011 This application claims the benefit of priority to Chinese patent application No. 5 201410068799.8 titled "OPENING AND CLOSING DEVICE OF DISCHARGE DOOR OF RAILWAY WAGON, RAILWAY WAGON AND GROUND UNLOADING DEVICE" and filed with the Chinese State Intellectual Property Office on February 27, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD 10 [00021 The present application relates to the manufacturing technology of railway vehicles, and in particular to an opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon, a railway wagon and a ground unloading device. BACKGROUND [00031 A railway wagon is an important instrument for transporting goods, and a coal 15 hopper wagon can transport a large amount of bulk materials such as coal. [00041 The coal hopper wagon has a storage bin, and a bi-parting discharge door is provided at the bottom surface of the storage bin, and an opening and closing device is provided at the bottom surface of the vehicle body to open the discharge door to unload the materials, and to close the discharge door when the unloading process is finished. 20 [00051 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of a coal hopper wagon and a ground unloading facility in the conventional technology. As shown in Figure 1, the opening and closing device includes a door closing arm 11 and a door opening arm 12 which are provided at two sides of the coal hopper wagon, respectively, and correspondingly, a door closing striker and a door opening striker are respectively provided on the ground at two sides 25 of an unloading track 10, and the door closing striker is spaced from the door opening striker by a first interval in the extending direction of the track. The train is required to move into the unloading track 10 in a direction, that the side of the train where the door closing arm 11 is English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 provided corresponds to the side of the track where the door closing striker 13 is provided, and the side of the train where the door opening arm 12 is provided corresponds to the side of the track where the door opening striker 14 is provided, thus, the door opening arm 12 will first strike the door opening striker 14, to open the discharge door; and then after the train 5 moves over the first interval, the door closing arm 11 strikes the door closing striker 13, to close the discharge door, in this way, a complete unloading process is finished. [00061 However, with this arrangement of the door opening arm and the door closing arm of this opening and closing device, the above correspondence of two sides of the train and the door opening strike and the door closing strike on the ground when the train moves into the 10 unloading track is strictly required, to ensure that the discharge door can be opened normally. Therefore, when unloading, it is required to adjust the moving direction of the train according to the arrangement of the ground, which is very inconvenient and reduces the unloading efficiency. SUMMARY 15 [00071 In view of the above defects in the conventional technology, an opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon, a railway wagon and a ground unloading device are provided according to the present application, which may facilitate the unloading operation and improve the efficiency. [00081 An opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon is provided 20 according to the present application, which includes a four-bar mechanism configured to drive two door sheets to open and close, and the four-bar mechanism includes a rotating shaft provided on a bottom surface of a vehicle body transversely, wherein one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a first door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a first direction, and another end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a 25 second door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the first direction and a second door closing arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction; a straight line, where tail ends of the first door opening arm and the second door opening arm are located, is in parallel with the rotating shaft, and the second door closing arm transversely extends beyond an outer side of the second door opening arm 30 and is spaced from the second door opening arm by a first interval, and a preset included English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 angle is formed between the second door opening arm and the second door closing arm. [00091 A railway wagon is provided according to the present application, which includes a chassis and a vehicle body provided on the chassis, a discharge hatch is provided on a bottom of the vehicle body, and two door sheets configured to seal the discharge hatch are provided at 5 the discharge hatch. The railway wagon further includes the above opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon which is fixedly arranged at a bottom surface of the vehicle body; and the rotating shaft of the four-bar mechanism in the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon is arranged on the bottom surface of the vehicle body transversely, and two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend to two sides 10 of the vehicle body. [00101 A ground unloading device for unloading the railway wagon is provided according to the present application, which includes an unloading track extending longitudinally, wherein a first door closing striker and a second door closing striker are respectively provided at two sides of the unloading track and are configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a 15 first direction; a second door opening striker is provided at the side of the unloading track with the second door closing striker and is spaced from the second door closing striker by a first unloading distance in a longitudinal direction, and is configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction, the second door closing striker is located outside the second door opening striker, and a distance between the second door 20 closing striker and the second door opening striker in a transverse direction matches with the first interval. [00111 In the case of using the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon provided in the present application, the door sheets can be opened and then closed reliably without defining the corresponding relationship between the first and second 25 door opening arms and the door opening/closing strikers on the ground, which not only greatly facilitates the unloading operation, but also effectively improves the unloading efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [00121 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of a coal hopper wagon and a 30 ground unloading facility in the conventional technology; English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 [00131 Figure 2 is a perspective schematic view of an embodiment of an opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon of the present application; [00141 Figure 3 is a side view of a first side in Figure 2; [00151 Figure 4 is a side view of a second side in Figure 2; 5 [00161 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of a ground unloading device used cooperatively with the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon of the embodiment shown in Figure 2; [00171 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of driving door sheets to open as the railway wagon moves into an unloading track in a first moving direction shown in 10 Figure 5; [00181 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the railway wagon continuing to move from the moment shown in Figure 6 to drive the door sheets to close; [00191 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of driving the door sheets to open as the railway wagon, being rotated by 180 degrees, moves into the unloading track in a 15 direction opposite to the first moving direction shown in Figure 5; and [00201 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the railway wagon continuing to move from the moment shown in Figure 8 to drive the door sheets to close. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [00211 Figure 2 is a perspective schematic view of an embodiment of an opening and 20 closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon of the present application; Figure 3 is a side view of a first side in Figure 2; and Figure 4 is a side view of a second side in Figure 2. Referring to Figures 2 to 4, an opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon according to this embodiment includes a four-bar mechanism 3 configured to open and close two door sheets 20. The four-bar mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 provided on a 25 bottom surface of a vehicle body transversely, one end of the rotating shaft 31 is fixedly provided with a first door opening arm 41 configured to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in a first direction, and another end of the rotating shaft 31 is fixedly provided with a second door opening arm 42 configured to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in the first direction and a second door closing arm 43 configured to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in a English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 direction opposite to the first direction. A straight line, where tail ends of the first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42 are located, is in parallel with the rotating shaft 31. The second door closing arm 43 transversely extends beyond an outer side of the second door opening arm 42 and is spaced from the second door opening arm 42 by a 5 first interval, and a preset included angle a is formed between the second door opening arm 42 and the second door closing arm 43. [00221 The two door sheets can be hinged at opposite sides of a discharge hatch respectively, and as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a top end of the door sheet 20 is hinged to the vehicle body. The four-bar mechanism may adopt a common structural form in the art, and 10 may include a rotating shaft 31, and a swing bar 34 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 31, and a first connecting rod 33 and a second connecting rod 34 hinged to two ends of the swing bar 34 respectively. Tail ends of the first connecting rod 33 and the second connecting rod 34 can be hinged to the two door sheets 20 respectively. The dimension relations and relative position among the rotating shaft 31, the swing rod 32, the first connecting rod 33 and the 15 second connecting rod 34 are required to satisfy the condition that, when the four-bar mechanism is at a dead point, the two door sheets just close and seal the discharge hatch, that is a closed state, and when the rotating shaft 31 is rotated in the first direction (for example the clockwise direction) from the above position, the two door sheets 20 are turned to open to expose the discharge hatch, that is an open state. 20 [00231 The first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42 may be arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft 31 respectively, and the positions of the first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42 with respect to the rotating shaft 31 may be the same. The positions of the first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42 are required to ensure that at least, the straight line between portions, configured to touch the 25 strikers, of the tail ends of the first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42 is parallel to the rotating shaft 31. The second door closing arm 43 and the second door opening arm may be located at the same end of the rotating shaft 31, the second door closing arm 43 extends beyond an outer side of the second door opening arm 42, and a portion, configured to touch the striker, of a tail end of the second door closing arm 43 is spaced from 30 the portion, configured to touch the striker, of the second door opening arm 42 by the first interval. Thus, the second door closing arm 43 will not be triggered when the second door opening arm 42 touches the door opening striker, and the second door opening arm 42 will not English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 be triggered when the second door closing arm 43 touches the door opening striker. Further, the second door opening arm 42 and the second door closing arm 43 extend toward different directions from the rotating shaft 31, to form the preset included angle a. [00241 In the case of using the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the 5 railway wagon provided by this embodiment, two opposite door opening strikers may be provided at two sides of the moving direction of the vehicle body and configured to respectively strike the first door opening arm 41 and the second door opening arm 42, and a door closing striker may be provided at one of the two sides and configured to strike the second door closing arm 43. The door opening strikers are in front of the door closing striker 10 in the moving direction of the vehicle body, thus the vehicle body can first meet the door opening strikers. [00251 In one case that the railway wagon moves into the unloading track with the side provided with the second door opening arm 42 and the second door closing arm 43 corresponding to the side of the unloading track provided with both the door opening striker 15 and the door closing striker, the second door opening arm 42 first touches the door opening striker, and is triggered by the door opening striker to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in the first direction, thereby gradually opening the door sheets 20. The railway wagon continuous to move slowly, and after the railway wagon moves over a first unloading distance, the second door closing arm touches the door closing striker located in front of the door 20 opening striker at the same side, and is triggered by the door closing striker to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction, thereby driving the door sheets to return to the closed state, thus the unloading process is achieved. [00261 In another case that the railway wagon moves into the unloading track with the side provided with the first door opening arm 41 corresponding to the side of the unloading track 25 provided with both the door opening striker and the door closing striker, the first door opening arm 41 first touches the door opening striker, and is triggered by the door opening striker to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in the first direction, thereby gradually opening the door sheets 20. The second door closing arm 43 corresponds to the side of the unloading track only provided with the door closing striker, thus when the railway wagon moves to the door 30 closing striker in front of the door opening striker, the second door closing arm 43 just touches the door closing striker provided on this side and is triggered by the door closing English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 striker to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in the direction opposite to the first direction, thereby driving the door sheets to return to the closed state. [00271 Thus, in the case of using the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon provided by this embodiment, the door sheets can be opened and then 5 closed reliably without defining the corresponding relationship between the first and second door opening arms and the door opening/closing strikers on the ground, which not only greatly facilitates the unloading operation, but also effectively improves the unloading efficiency. [00281 A railway wagon is provided according to another embodiment of the present 10 application, which includes a chassis and a vehicle body provided on the chassis. A discharge hatch is provided on a bottom of the vehicle body, and two door sheets for sealing the discharge hatch are provided at the discharge hatch. The railway wagon further includes the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon fixedly arranged on a bottom surface of the vehicle body. In the opening and closing device of the discharge door of 15 the railway wagon, the rotating shaft of the four-bar mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the vehicle body transversely, and the two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend to the two sides of the vehicle body, thus the first door opening arm at one end of the rotating shaft is located at a first side of the vehicle body, and both of the second door opening arm and the second door closing arm are located at a second side of the vehicle body. 20 [00291 Correspondingly, a ground unloading device is provided according to another embodiment of the present application, and is configured to unload cargos from the railway wagon. Referring to Figs. 2 and 5, the ground unloading device includes an unloading track 10 extending longitudinally. A first door closing striker 51 and a second door closing striker 52 are respectively provided at two sides of the unloading track 10 and are configured to drive 25 the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in a first direction TI (as shown in Figure 6). A second door opening striker 53 is provided at the side of the unloading track 10 with the second door closing striker 52 and is spaced from the second door closing striker 52 by a first unloading distance in a longitudinal direction, and is configured to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction T1. The second door closing striker 52 is located 30 outside the second door opening striker 53, and a distance H between the second door closing striker 52 and the second door opening striker 53 in a transverse direction matches with the English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 first interval described above, that is, matching with the distance difference between the tail ends of the second door opening arm 42 and the second door closing arm 43 in the transverse direction. In this case, the second door opening arm 42 can be triggered by the second door opening striker 53, to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate in the first direction, and the second 5 door closing arm 43 can be triggered by the second door closing striker 52, to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the direction opposite to the first direction. [00301 The distance from the first door closing striker 51 to the unloading track 10 is equal to the distance from the second door closing striker 52 to the unloading track 10, that is, the first door closing striker 51 and the second door closing striker 52 are symmetrically arranged 10 about the unloading track. A top portion of the second door opening striker 53 is provided with a second door-opening guide inclined surface, a top portion of the second door closing striker 52 is provided with a second door-closing guide inclined surface, and the second door-opening guide inclined surface and the second door-closing guide inclined surface are inclined toward the same direction. 15 [00311 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of driving the door sheets to open as the railway wagon moves into the unloading track in a first moving direction F1 shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, when the railway wagon moves into the unloading track 10 in the first moving direction F1, the second door opening arm 42 touches the second door opening striker 53 and moves along the second door-opening guide inclined 20 surface on the top portion of the second door opening striker 53, and during this process, the second door opening arm 42 is triggered to rotate around the rotating shaft 31 in the first direction TI (the clockwise direction), and the rotation of the rotating shaft 31 in turn drives the two door sheets to open. Meanwhile, the second door closing arm 43 rotates by the same angle as the second door opening arm 42, thereby forming an opening state shown in Figure 25 7. [00321 As shown in Figure 7, the railway wagon continuous to move in the first moving direction Fl, and when the railway wagon arrives at the second door closing striker 52, the second door closing arm 43 touches the second door closing striker 52 and moves along the second door-closing guide inclined surface on the top portion of the second door closing 30 striker 52, and during this process, the second door opening arm 42 is triggered to rotate around the rotating shaft 31 in the direction (the anticlockwise direction) opposite to the first English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 direction TI, thereby driving the two door sheets to close. [00331 As shown in Figures 8 and 9, when the railway wagon being rotated by 180 degrees moves into the unloading track 10 in the first moving direction F1, the first door opening arm 41 first touches the second door opening striker 53 and moves along the second door-opening 5 guide inclined surface on the top portion of the second door opening striker 53, thus the second door opening arm 42 is triggered to rotate around the rotating shaft 31 in the first direction TI (the clockwise direction), thereby driving the two door sheets to open. When the railway wagon continuous to move in the first moving direction Fl, the second door closing arm 43 touches the first door closing striker 51 and moves along the second door-closing 10 guide inclined surface on the top portion of the first door closing striker 51, and during this process, the second door opening arm 42 is triggered to rotate around the rotating shaft 31 in the direction (the anticlockwise direction) opposite to the first direction TI, thereby driving the two door sheets to close. Therefore, when the railway wagon moves, no matter which side of the railway wagon corresponds to the side of the track provided with both the second door 15 opening striker 53 and the second door closing striker 52, the door sheets can be reliably triggered to open first and then close. [00341 Preferably, each of the tail ends of the first door opening arm 41, the second door opening arm 42 and the second door closing arm 43 can be provided with a mandrel 410 extending transversely. A rotatable roller 411 is sleeved on the mandrel 410 and is rotatable in 20 a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft 31. The rollers 411 can effectively reduce the frictions with the strikers when the door opening and closing arms touches the strikers, which ensures that the door sheets can be triggered to open or close timely and reliably, and reduces the wear and prolongs the service life. [00351 The embodiments described hereinabove are only exemplary embodiments of the 25 present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a few of improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An opening and closing device of a discharge door of a railway wagon, comprising a four-bar mechanism configured to drive two door sheets to open and close, and the four-bar 5 mechanism comprising a rotating shaft provided on a bottom surface of a vehicle body transversely, wherein one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a first door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a first direction, and another end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a second door opening arm configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the first direction and a second door closing arm 10 configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction; a straight line, where tail ends of the first door opening arm and the second door opening arm are located, is in parallel with the rotating shaft, and the second door closing arm transversely extends beyond an outer side of the second door opening arm and is spaced from the second door opening arm by a first interval, and a preset included angle is formed between the second 15 door opening arm and the second door closing arm.

2. The opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon according to claim 1, wherein each of tail ends of the first door opening arm, the second door opening arm and the second door closing arm is provided with a mandrel extending 20 transversely, and a rotatable roller is sleeved on the mandrel.

3. The opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon according to claim 1, wherein the four-bar mechanism further comprises a swing bar fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, two ends of the swing bar are hinged to a first connecting rod 25 and a second connecting rod respectively, and tail ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the two door sheets respectively.

4. A railway wagon, comprising a chassis and a vehicle body provided on the chassis, a discharge hatch being provided on a bottom of the vehicle body, and two door sheets 30 configured to seal the discharge hatch being provided at the discharge hatch, wherein the railway wagon further comprises the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the -10- English Translation of PCT/CN2014/081108 railway wagon according to any one of claims 1 to 3 which is fixedly arranged at a bottom surface of the vehicle body; and the rotating shaft of the four-bar mechanism in the opening and closing device of the discharge door of the railway wagon is arranged on the bottom surface of the vehicle body transversely, and two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend 5 to two sides of the vehicle body.

5. A ground unloading device for unloading the railway wagon according to claim 4, comprising an unloading track extending longitudinally, wherein a first door closing striker and a second door closing striker are respectively provided at two sides of the unloading track 10 and are configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a first direction; a second door opening striker is provided at the side of the unloading track with the second door closing striker and is spaced from the second door closing striker by a first unloading distance in a longitudinal direction, and is configured to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction, the second door closing striker is located outside the second 15 door opening striker, and a distance between the second door closing striker and the second door opening striker in a transverse direction matches with the first interval.

6. The railway wagon according to claim 5, wherein a distance from the first door closing striker to the unloading track is equal to a distance from the second door closing 20 striker to the unloading track.

7. The railway wagon according to claim 5, wherein a top portion of the second door opening striker is provided with a second door-opening guide inclined surface, a top portion of the second door closing striker is provided with a second door-closing guide inclined 25 surface, and the second door-opening guide inclined surface and the second door-closing guide inclined surface are inclined toward the same direction. -11-