AU2012234136A1

AU2012234136A1 - Fluidized bed dryer

Info

Publication number: AU2012234136A1
Application number: AU2012234136A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Koji Ohura
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2011-03-29
Filing date: 2012-03-22
Publication date: 2013-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-22
Also published as: AU2012234136B2; WO2012133122A1; JP2012207839A; JP5693326B2

Abstract

This fluidized bed dryer achieves improved drying efficiency by: having a hollow drying vessel (101), a raw coal inlet (102) on one end of the drying vessel (101) to introduce raw coal, a dried coal outlet (103) to discharge, from the other end of the drying vessel (101), dried coal obtained by heat drying raw coal, a fluidization gas supply portion (104) that forms a fluidized bed (S) with raw coal by supplying fluidization gas to the lower part of the drying vessel (101), a gas outlet (105) that releases fluidization gas and generated steam from a higher point than the raw coal inlet (102) formed on one end of the drying vessel (101), and a heat transfer tube (106) that heats the raw coal in the fluidized bed (S); and forming the width of the raw coal inlet (102) side of the drying vessel (101) wider than the width of the dried coal outlet (103) side.

Description

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 1 DESCRIPTION FLUID BED DRYING APPARATUS Field [0001] The present invention relates to a fluid bed 5 drying apparatus that dries a subject drying material by a fluidizing gas in a fluidized state. Background [0002] For example, an integrated coal gasification combined cycle is a power generating facility that gasifies 10 coal and generates power by the combination with a combined cycle power generation technique. This power generating facility aims at high efficiency and high environment property compared to a conventional coal fired power generation technique. The integrated coal gasification 15 combined cycle has much merit that coal existing as rich resources may be used. Also, it is known that the more merit is obtained with an increase in the number of the application coal types. [0003] The conventional integrated coal gasification 20 combined cycle generally includes a coal supply device, a drying device, a coal gasification furnace, a gas purification device, a gas turbine facility, a steam turbine facility, an exhausted heat recovery boiler, a gas purification device, and the like. Accordingly, coal is 25 dried and milled, and the coal is supplied as pulverized coal into the coal gasification furnace. At this time, air is supplied into the coal gasification furnace, and the coal inside the coal gasification furnace becomes a combustion gas, so that a product gas (combustible gas) is 30 produced. Then, the product gas is purified and is supplied to the gas turbine facility. Here, the product gas is burned to thereby produce a hot and pressurized combustion gas, and the turbine is driven by the combustion Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 2 gas. A flue gas which is produced after driving the turbine passes through the exhausted heat recovery boiler so that thermal energy is collected from the flue gas, and steam is produced and is supplied to the steam turbine 5 facility so as to drive the turbine. In this way, power generation is performed. Meanwhile, the flue gas from which the thermal energy is collected passes through the gas purification device so that a harmful substance is removed from the flue gas, and is discharged to the 10 atmosphere through a stack. [0004] By the way, the coal which is used in the integrated coal gasification combined cycle may be not only coal of high quality (high-grade coal) such as bituminous coal or smokeless coal generating a large amount of heat, 15 but also coal of low quality (low-grade coal) such as subbituminous coal or brown coal generating a comparatively low amount of heat. However, since the low-grade coal carries a large amount of moisture therein, the power generation efficiency is degraded by the moisture. For 20 this reason, in a case of the low-grade coal, there is a need to conduct a process in which the coal is dried by the above-described drying device so as to remove the moisture therefrom, is milled, and then is supplied to the coal gasification furnace. 25 [0005] As the drying device that dries the coal, a drying device is disclosed in Patent Literature 1 below. In a fluidized drying method and a fluid bed drying apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 1, a raw material containing moisture is supplied from a raw material supply 30 port into a supply chamber, and a subject fluidizing material is fluidized by a fluidizing gas passing through a dispersion plate of the supply chamber and a drying and classifying chamber so that the raw material is dried and Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 3 classified into pulverized powder and coarse grains. At this time, the layer thickness of the fluid bed of the supply chamber and the layer thickness of the fluid bed of the drying and classifying chamber are separately 5 controlled. Citation List Patent Literature [0006] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2008-128524 10 Summary Technical Problem [0007] As described above, since the low-grade coal contains a large amount of moisture compared to the high grade coal, the fluidization in the drying device may 15 become poor, and hence there is a concern that the coal may not be satisfactorily dried. For this reason, there is a need to decrease the coal input amount, and hence a problem arises in that the coal process amount decreases. In the fluidized drying method and the fluid bed drying apparatus 20 disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the layer thickness of the fluid bed of the supply chamber and the layer thickness of the fluid bed of the drying and classifying chamber are separately controlled so as to stably dry and classify the raw material with a large moisture content while preventing 25 the raw material particles from being agglomerated and adhering to the device. However, in this technique, the moisture evaporation load per unit volume of the fluid bed in the supply chamber increases, and hence heat for sufficiently and appropriately drying the raw material is 30 not sufficient. Accordingly, a problem arises in that poor fluidization occurs due to the raw material particles becoming agglomerated and adhering to the device. [0008] The invention is made to solve the above- Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 4 described problems, and it is an object of the invention to provide a fluid bed drying apparatus capable of improving drying efficiency by suppressing the occurrence of poor fluidization. 5 Solution to Problem [0009] According to a fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention in order to solve the above problems, it is characterized by including: a drying container formed in a hollow shape; a wet raw material input unit for inputting 10 a wet raw material to one end side of the drying container; a dry material discharge unit for discharging a dry material obtained by heating and drying the wet raw material from the other end side of the drying container; a fluidizing gas supply unit for supplying a fluidizing gas 15 to a lower portion of the drying container so as to form a fluid bed along with the wet raw material; a gas discharge unit for discharging the fluidizing gas and product steam from an upper side of the drying container; and a heating unit for heating the wet raw material of the fluid bed, 20 wherein the drying container is formed so that the width at the wet raw material input unit is larger than the width at the dry material discharge unit. [0010] Accordingly, when the wet raw material is input from the wet raw material input unit into the drying 25 container and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit to the lower portion of the drying container, the wet raw material is fluidized by the fluidizing gas so as to form the fluid bed. Then, the wet raw material of the fluid bed is gradually heated and dried 30 by the heating unit so as to become the dry material, the dry material is discharged from the dry material discharge unit to the outside, and the fluidizing gas and the steam obtained by drying the wet raw material are discharged from Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 5 the gas discharge unit to the outside. At this time, since the drying container is formed so that the width at the wet raw material input unit is larger than the width at the dry material discharge unit, the wet raw material with a large 5 moisture content immediately after input into the drying container is scattered in the width direction at the side of the wet raw material input unit of the drying container. Then, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is reduced, and the raw material is heated by the sufficient 10 heat. Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and hence the wet raw material drying efficiency may be improved. [0011] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the drying 15 container includes: a preheating unit provided near the wet raw material input unit and a drying unit provided near the dry material discharge unit, and wherein the width of the preheating unit is set to be larger than the width of the drying unit. 20 [0012] Accordingly, since the wet raw material is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is reduced, and hence the wet raw material may be heated by the sufficient heat. Accordingly, while the moisture load 25 of the wet raw material per unit volume of the fluid bed increase in the drying unit, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed since the wet raw material is sufficiently heated in the preheating unit. Thus, the wet raw material may be easily dried. 30 [0013] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the preheating unit decreases in width toward the drying unit so as to be directly connected to the drying unit.

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 6 [0014] Accordingly, since the wet raw material may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container without staying at a certain portion, and the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is gradually changed in the 5 preheating unit, the insufficient heat input to the wet raw material may be prevented. [0015] In the fluid bed drying apparatus of the invention, the narrowed portion is provided so that the width thereof is narrowed from the preheating unit to the 10 drying unit. [0016] Accordingly, since the wet raw material may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container without staying at a certain portion and the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is gradually changed in the 15 preheating unit, the insufficient heat to the wet raw material may be prevented. [0017] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the drying container is equipped with a plurality of dispersion plates 20 having a plurality of openings or ejection nozzles and separated from a bottom plate by a predetermined height, the plurality of dispersion plates are divided into a first dispersion plate corresponding to the preheating unit and a second dispersion plate corresponding to the drying unit so 25 as to form defined zones, and the fluidizing gas supply unit is provided in the bottom plate with respect to each of the zones corresponding to the respective dispersion plates. [0018] Accordingly, since the respective fluidizing gas 30 supply units are provided at the zone equipped with the first dispersion plate corresponding to the preheating unit and the zone equipped with the second dispersion plate corresponding to the drying unit, the fluidizing gas supply Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 7 amount to the preheating unit and the drying unit may be changed, and the optimal fluidizing gas amount may be supplied in accordance with the state of the wet raw material. Thus, the raw material may be optimally dried. 5 [0019] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the drying device is equipped with a third dispersion plate corresponding to the narrowed portion, and the fluidizing gas supply unit is provided in the bottom plate with 10 respect to the zone corresponding to the third dispersion plate. [0020] Accordingly, since the fluidizing gas supply unit is provided in the zone equipped with the third dispersion plate corresponding to the narrowed portion, the fluidizing 15 gas supply amount with respect to the narrowed portion may be changed. Further, since the optimal fluidizing gas amount may be supplied in accordance with the state of the wet raw material, the raw material may be optimally dried. [0021] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of 20 the present invention, it is characterized that the height of the first dispersion plate is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion plate. [0022] Accordingly, since the height of the first dispersion plate at the preheating unit is set to be higher 25 than the height of the second dispersion plate at the drying unit, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed. Then, since the width at the wet raw material input unit is set to be larger than the width at the dry material discharge unit, the wet raw material with a large 30 moisture content immediately after input into the drying container is scattered in the width direction at the side of the wet raw material input unit of the drying container, and hence an increase in the moisture load per unit volume Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 8 of the fluid bed may be reduced. [0023] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the first dispersion plate is connected to the second dispersion 5 plate while being inclined downward toward the second dispersion plate. [0024] Accordingly, the wet raw material smoothly flows by the first dispersion plate which is formed in an inclined shape while the wet raw material flows from the 10 preheating unit to the drying unit, and hence the wet raw material may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container without staying at a certain portion. [0025] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the present invention, it is characterized that the third 15 dispersion plate is connected to the second dispersion plate while being inclined downward from the first dispersion plate toward the second dispersion plate. [0026] Accordingly, the wet raw material smoothly flows by the third dispersion plate which is formed in an 20 inclined shape while the wet raw material flows from the preheating unit to the drying unit, and hence the wet raw material may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container without staying at a certain portion. Advantageous Effects of Invention 25 [0027] According to the fluid bed drying apparatus of the invention, since the drying container is formed so that the width at the wet raw material input unit is larger than the width at the dry material discharge unit, the wet raw material with a large moisture content immediately after 30 input into the drying container is heated by the sufficient heat since the moisture evaporation load per unit volume of the fluid bed in the wide wet raw material input unit is reduced. Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 9 fluidization is suppressed, and hence the wet raw material drying efficiency may be improved. Brief Description of Drawings [0028] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram 5 illustrating an integrated coal gasification combined cycle that employs a fluid bed drying apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment. 10 FIG. 3 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating a fluid 15 bed drying apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view illustrating a fluid 20 bed drying apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view illustrating a fluid 25 bed drying apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a 30 fluid bed drying apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. Description of Embodiments [0029] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a fluid bed Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 10 drying apparatus according to the invention will be described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the invention is not limited by the embodiments. Further, when there are plural embodiments, 5 the respective embodiments may be combined with one another. First Embodiment [0030] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an integrated coal gasification combined cycle that employs a fluid bed drying apparatus according to a 10 first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment, FIG. 3 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view 15 illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment. [0031] The Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) of the first embodiment adopts an air combustion type in which a coal gas is produced inside a gasification 20 furnace by using air as an oxidation agent and supplies the coal gas purified by a gas purification device as a fuel gas to a gas turbine facility so as to generate power. That is, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle of the embodiment is a power generating facility of an air 25 combustion (air blow) type. In this case, low-grade coal is used as a wet raw material supplied to the gasification furnace. [0032] In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, an integrated coal gasification combined cycle 10 includes 30 a coal supply device 11, a fluid bed drying apparatus 12, a coal pulverizer (mill) 13, a coal gasification furnace 14, a char recovery unit 15, a gas purification device 16, a gas turbine facility 17, a steam turbine facility 18, a Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 11 generator 19, and an exhausted heat recovery boiler (HRSG: Heat Recovery Steam Generator) 20. [0033] The coal supply device 11 includes a raw coal bunker 21, a coal feeder 22, and a crusher 23. The raw 5 coal bunker 21 may store low-grade coal, and inputs a predetermined amount of the low-grade coal into the coal feeder 22. The coal feeder 22 conveys the low-grade coal input from the raw coal bunker 21 by a conveyor or the like, and inputs the low-grade coal into the crusher 23. The 10 crusher 23 may crush the input low-grade coal into a predetermined size. [0034] The fluid bed drying apparatus 12 is used to heat and dry the low-grade coal in a fluidized state by supplying drying steam (superheated steam) to the low-grade 15 coal input by the coal supply device 11, and may remove moisture contained in the low-grade coal. Then, the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 is equipped with a cooler 31 which cools the low-grade coal of the drying agent extracted from the lower portion thereof, and the dry coal of the drying 20 and cooling agent is stored in a dry coal bunker 32. Further, the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 is equipped with a dry coal cyclone 33 which separates the particles of the dry coal from the steam extracted from the upper portion thereof and an electronic dry coal precipitator 34, and the 25 particles of the dry coal separated from the steam are stored in the dry coal bunker 32. Furthermore, the steam from which the dry coal is separated by the electronic dry coal precipitator 34 is compressed by a steam compressor 35, and is supplied as drying steam to the fluid bed drying 30 apparatus 12. [0035] The coal pulverizer 13 is a coal mill, and produces pulverized coal by milling the low-grade coal (the dry coal) dried by the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 into Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 12 fine particles. That is, when the dry coal stored in the dry coal bunker 32 is input to the coal pulverizer 13 by a coal feeder 36, the coal pulverizer mills the dry coal into pulverized coal having a predetermined particle diameter or 5 less. Then, the pulverized coal which is milled by the coal pulverizer 13 is separated from the carrier gas by pulverized coal bag filters 37a and 37b and is stored in pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b. [0036] To the coal gasification furnace 14, the 10 pulverized coal which is processed by the coal pulverizer 13 is supplied and char (the unburned portion of coal) which is collected by the char recovery unit 15 is supplied. [0037] That is, the coal gasification furnace 14 is connected with a compressed air supply line 41 from the gas 15 turbine facility 17 (compressor 61) so that the air compressed by the gas turbine facility 17 may be supplied thereto. An air separating device 42 is used to produce separate nitrogen and oxygen from the air in the atmosphere, a first nitrogen supply line 43 is connected to the coal 20 gasification furnace 14, and the first nitrogen supply line 43 is connected with coal supply lines 44a and 44b from the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b. Further, a second nitrogen supply line 45 is also connected to the coal gasification furnace 14, and the second nitrogen 25 supply line 45 is connected with a char return line 46 from the char recovery unit 15. Further, an oxygen supply line 47 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41. In this case, the nitrogen is used as a carrier gas for the coal and the char, and the oxygen is used as an oxidation 30 agent. [0038] The coal gasification furnace 14 is, for example, an entrained bed gasification furnace, and is used to burn and gasify the coal, the char, the air (the oxygen), or the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 13 moisture vapor as the gasifying agent supplied thereinto and generates a combustible gas (a product gas and a coal gas) mainly including carbon dioxide, so that a gasification reaction occurs using the combustible gas as a 5 gasifying agent. Furthermore, the coal gasification furnace 14 is equipped with a foreign matter removing device 48 which removes foreign matter mixed with the pulverized coal. In this case, the coal gasification furnace 14 is not limited to the entrained bed gasification 10 furnace, and may be also a fluid bed gasification furnace or a fixed bed gasification furnace. Then, in the coal gasification furnace 14, a combustible gas generation line 49 is installed toward the char recovery unit 15, so that the combustible gas including the char may be discharged 15 therethrough. In this case, the gas generation line 49 may be equipped with a gas cooler, and the combustible gas may be cooled to a predetermined temperature and be supplied to the char recovery unit 15. [0039] The char recovery unit 15 includes a precipitator 20 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the precipitator 51 includes one or plural bag filters or cyclones, and hence may separate the char included in the combustible gas produced by the coal gasification furnace 14. Then, the combustible gas from which the char is separated is sent to 25 the gas purification device 16 through a gas discharge line 53. The supply hopper 52 is used to store the fine char separated from the combustible gas in the precipitator 51. Furthermore, a bin may be disposed between the precipitator 51 and the supply hopper 52 and a plurality of the supply 30 hoppers 52 may be connected to the bin. Then, the char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45. [0040] The gas purification device 16 performs gas Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 14 purification on the combustible gas from which the char is separated by the char recovery unit 15 by removing impurities such as a sulfur compound or a nitrogen compound. Then, the gas purification device 16 produces a fuel gas by 5 purifies the combustible gas and supplies the result to the gas turbine facility 17. Furthermore, in the gas purification device 16, since a sulfur content (H 2 S) is still included in the combustible gas from which the char is separated, the sulfur content is collected as gypsum by 10 the removal using amine absorbent and is effectively used. [0041] The gas turbine facility 17 includes the compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected to each other by a rotary shaft 64. The combustor 62 is connected 15 with a compressed air supply line 65 from the compressor 61, and is connected with a fuel gas supply line 66 from the gas purification device 16, so that the turbine 63 is connected with a combustion gas supply line 67. Further, the gas turbine facility 17 is equipped with the compressed 20 air supply line 41 which extends from the compressor 61 to the coal gasification furnace 14, and a booster 68 is provided in the course of the compressed air supply line. Accordingly, in the combustor 62, the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 is mixed with the fuel gas 25 supplied from the gas purification device 16 and is burned. Thus, in the turbine 63, the generator 19 may be driven by rotating the rotary shaft 64 by the produced combustion gas. [0042] The steam turbine facility 18 includes a turbine 69 which is connected to the rotary shaft 64 in the gas 30 turbine facility 17, and the generator 19 is connected to the base end of the rotary shaft 64. The exhausted heat recovery boiler 20 is provided in a flue gas line 70 from the gas turbine facility 17 (the turbine 63), and is used Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 15 to produce steam by the heat exchange between air and the high-temperature flue gas. For this reason, a steam supply line 71 and a steam recovery line 72 are provided between the exhausted heat recovery boiler 20 and the turbine 69 of 5 the steam turbine facility 18, and a condenser 73 is provided in the steam recovery line 72. Accordingly, in the steam turbine facility 18, the turbine 69 is driven by the steam supplied from the exhausted heat recovery boiler 20, and the generator 19 may be driven by the rotation of 10 the rotary shaft 64. [0043] Then, the flue gas of which the heat is collected in the exhausted heat recovery boiler 20 passes through a gas purification device 74 so as to remove a toxic material therefrom, and the purified flue gas is discharged from a 15 stack 75 to the atmosphere. [0044] Here, the operation of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle 10 of the first embodiment will be described. [0045] According to the integrated coal gasification 20 combined cycle 10 of the first embodiment, in the coal supply device 11, the raw coal (low-grade coal) is stored in the raw coal bunker 21, and the low-grade coal of the raw coal bunker 21 is input to the crusher 23 by the coal feeder 22 so that the low-grade coal is milled into a 25 predetermined size. Then, the milled low-grade coal is heated and dried by the fluid bed drying apparatus 12, is cooled by the cooler 31, and is stored in the dry coal bunker 32. Further, the steam which is extracted from the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 passes through the dry coal 30 cyclone 33 and the electronic dry coal precipitator 34 so that the particles of the dry coal are separated. Then, the result is compressed by the steam compressor 35 and is returned as drying steam to the fluid bed drying apparatus Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 16 12. Meanwhile, the particles of the dry coal separated from the steam are stored in the dry coal bunker 32. [0046] The dry coal which is stored in the dry coal bunker 32 is input to the coal pulverizer 13 by the coal 5 feeder 36. Here, the dry coal is milled into fine particles to thereby produce the pulverized coal, and is stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b through the pulverized coal bag filters 37a and 37b. The pulverized coal which is stored in the pulverized coal 10 supply hoppers 38a and 38b is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 14 through the first nitrogen supply line 43 by the nitrogen supplied from the air separating device 42. Further, the char which is collected by the char recovery unit 15 to be described later is supplied to 15 the coal gasification furnace 14 through the second nitrogen supply line 45 by the nitrogen supplied from the air separating device 42. Further, the compressed air which is extracted from the gas turbine facility 17 to be described later is boosted by the booster 68, and is 20 supplied to the coal gasification furnace 14 through the compressed air supply line 41 along with the oxygen supplied from the air separating device 42. [0047] In the coal gasification furnace 14, the supplied pulverized coal and char are burned by the compressed air 25 (the oxygen), and the pulverized coal and the char are gasified, thereby producing the combustible gas (the coal gas) mainly including carbon dioxide. Then, the combustible gas is discharged from the coal gasification furnace 14 through the gas generation line 49 and is sent 30 to the char recovery unit 15. [0048] In the char recovery unit 15, the combustible gas is first supplied to the precipitator 51, and the precipitator 51 separates the char included in the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 17 combustible gas. Then, the combustible gas from which the char is separated is sent to the gas purification device 16 through the gas discharge line 53. Meanwhile, the fine char which is separated from the combustible gas is 5 deposited on the supply hopper 52, and is returned to the coal gasification furnace 14 through the char return line 46 so as to be recovered. [0049] The combustible gas from which the char is separated by the char recovery unit 15 passes through the 10 gas purification device 16 so that impurities such as a sulfur compound or a nitrogen compound are removed and the gas is purified, thereby producing a fuel gas. Then, in the gas turbine facility 17, when the compressor 61 produces the compressed air and supplies the compressed air 15 to the combustor 62, the combustor 62 mixes the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 with the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification device 16 and burns the mixed result to thereby produce a combustion gas. Then, the turbine 63 is driven by the combustion gas, and the 20 generator 19 is driven through the rotary shaft 64, thereby generating power. [0050] Then, the flue gas which is discharged from the turbine 63 in the gas turbine facility 17 exchanges heat with air in the exhausted heat recovery boiler 20 so as to 25 produce steam, and the produced steam is supplied to the steam turbine facility 18. In the steam turbine facility 18, the turbine 69 is driven by the steam supplied from the exhausted heat recovery boiler 20, and hence power may be generated by driving the generator 19 through the rotary 30 shaft 64. [0051] Subsequently, in the gas purification device 74, the flue gas which is purified by removing the toxic material of the flue gas discharged from the exhausted heat Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 18 recovery boiler 20 is discharged to the atmosphere from the stack 75. [0052] Hereinafter, the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle 10 will be 5 described in detail. [0053] As illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4, the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 includes a drying container 101, a raw coal input port (wet raw material input unit) 102, a dry coal discharge port (dry material discharge unit) 103, a 10 fluidizing gas supply unit 104, a gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 105, and a heat transfer pipe (heating unit) 106. [0054] The drying container 101 is formed in a hollow box shape, where one end side thereof is equipped with the 15 raw coal input port 102 for inputting the raw coal and the other end side thereof is equipped with the dry coal discharge port 103 for discharging the dry material used to heat and dry the raw coal. Further, the lower portion of the drying container 101 is equipped with a dispersion 20 plate 107 having plural openings or ejection nozzles and separated from a bottom plate 110 by a predetermined distance, and the bottom plate 110 is equipped with the fluidizing gas supply unit 104 that supplies the fluidizing gas (superheated steam) into the drying container 101. 25 Moreover, in the drying container 101, the upper portion near the dry coal discharge port 103 is equipped with the gas discharge port 105 which discharges the fluidizing gas and the product steam. [0055] Since the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal 30 input port 102 into the drying container 101 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 104 thereinto through the dispersion plate 107, a fluid bed S with a predetermined thickness is formed at the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 19 upper side of the dispersion plate 107, and a freeboard F is formed at the upper side of the fluid bed S. Then, the heat transfer pipe 106 is disposed so as to penetrate the drying container 101 from the outside and to circulate 5 inside the fluid bed S, and the raw coal may be heated and dried by the superheated steam flowing through the heat transfer pipe 106. [0056] Further, the drying container 101 is formed so that the width at the raw coal input port 102 is larger 10 than the width at the dry coal discharge port 103. That is, in the embodiment, the drying container 101 includes a preheating unit 101a which is provided near the raw coal input port 102 and a drying unit 101b which is provided near the dry coal discharge port 103, and the width of the 15 preheating unit 101a is larger than the width of the drying unit 101b. Here, when the width of the drying unit 101b is denoted by W, it is desirable to set the width of the preheating unit 101a as 2W. [0057] Further, the drying container 101 is equipped 20 with the dispersion plate 107 having plural openings or ejection nozzles and separated from the bottom plate 110 by a predetermined height, but the dispersion plate 107 is divided into one first dispersion plate 107a corresponding to the preheating unit 101a and four second dispersion 25 plates 107b corresponding to the drying unit 101b. Then, in the drying container 101, the zone which is defined by the bottom plate 110 and the dispersion plate 107 is divided into five segments by partition plates 108 corresponding to plural dispersion plates 107a and 107b so 30 as to form five wind chambers 109a and 109b, and the respective wind chambers 109a and 109b are equipped with a fluidizing gas supply ports 104a and 104b. Moreover, the height of the first dispersion plate 107a corresponding to Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 20 the preheating unit 101a is set to be higher than the heights of the second dispersion plates 107b corresponding to the drying unit 101b. Here, when the height of the fluid bed S is denoted by H, it is desirable to set the 5 height H of the fluid bed S and the width 2W of the preheating unit 101a so that these values are approximately equal to each other. [0058] Here, the operation of the fluid bed drying apparatus 12 of the first embodiment will be described. 10 [0059] In the fluid bed drying apparatus 12, since the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 102 to the drying container 101 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 104 thereto through the dispersion plate 107, the fluid bed S having a 15 predetermined thickness is formed at the upper side of the dispersion plate 107. The raw coal is moved in the fluid bed S toward the dry coal discharge port 103 by the fluidizing gas. At this time, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat transferred from the heat transfer pipe 20 106. [0060] In this case, the raw coal is heated and dried by the fluidizing gas or the heat from the heat transfer pipe 106 while being moved from the raw coal input port 102 to the dry coal discharge port 103. However, since the raw 25 coal becomes a preheated state immediately after the raw coal is input from the raw coal input port 102, that is, in the preheating unit 101a, the moisture thereof substantially does not evaporate just by the absorption of the heat. Subsequently, when the raw coal moves to the 30 drying zone that is, the drying unit 101b over the preheating zone, that is, the preheating unit 101a, the evaporation of the moisture starts and gradually increases to the maximal state. As a result, the evaporation of the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 21 moisture decreases as it approaches the dry coal discharge port 103. [0061] At this time, since the drying container 101 is formed so that the width of the preheating unit 101a is 5 larger than the width of the drying unit 101b, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input from the raw coal input port 102 is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 101a. For this reason, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed 10 decreases in the preheating unit 101a, and hence the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 106 and the like. Subsequently, when the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 101a to the drying unit 101b, the raw coal is narrowed in the width 15 direction, and hence the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed increases. However, since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 101a, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed. Further, since the raw coal is 20 heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 106 and the like at the drying unit 101b, the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0062] Further, since the drying container 101 is formed so that the height of the first dispersion plate 107a 25 corresponding to the preheating unit 101a is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion plate 107b corresponding to the drying unit 101b, the height of the fluid bed S of the raw coal with a large moisture content at the preheating unit 101a decreases. For this reason, 30 the fluidization amount of the raw coal decreases in the preheating unit 101a, so that the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed and the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 106 and the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 22 like. In the preheating unit 101a, the height of the fluid bed S decreases, but since the width of the preheating unit 101a of the drying container 101 is widened, an increase in the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is 5 suppressed. Subsequently, the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 101a to the drying unit 101b, but since the temperature of the raw coal increase to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 101a, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat 10 transfer pipe 106 and the like at the drying unit 101b, so that the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0063] Moreover, since the drying container 101 is formed so that the fluidizing gas supply ports 104a and 104b are individually formed with respect to the respective 15 wind chambers 109a and 109b provided at the lower side of the fluid bed S, when the amount of the fluidizing gas supplied from the fluidizing gas supply port 104a to the wind chamber 109a corresponding to the preheating unit 101a increases, the fluidization energy and the heating amount 20 with respect to the raw coal at the preheating unit 101a increase, so that the preheating may be promoted. [0064] Subsequently, the dry coal obtained by drying the raw coal is discharged from the dry coal discharge port 103 to the outside, and the steam which is produced by heating 25 and drying the raw coal at the fluid bed S rises along with the fluidizing gas and flows toward the dry coal discharge port 103 so as to be discharged from the gas discharge port 105 to the outside. [0065] In this way, the fluid bed drying apparatus of 30 the first embodiment includes the drying container 101 which is formed in a hollow shape, the raw coal input port 102 which inputs the raw coal to one end side of the drying container 101, the dry coal discharge port 103 which is Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 23 provided at the other end side of the drying container 101 so as to discharge the dry coal obtained by heating and drying the raw coal, the fluidizing gas supply unit 104 which supplies the fluidizing gas to the lower side of the 5 drying container 101 so as to form the fluid bed S along with the raw coal, the gas discharge port 105 which discharges the fluidizing gas and the product steam from the upper side of the raw coal input port 102 at one end side of the drying container 101, and the heat transfer 10 pipe 106 which heats the raw coal of the fluid bed S, where the width of the drying container 101 near the raw coal input port 102 is larger than the width at the dry coal discharge port 103. [0066] Accordingly, when the raw coal is input from the 15 raw coal input port 102 into the drying container 101 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 104 through the dispersion plate 107 from the lower side of the drying container 101, the raw coal is fluidized by the fluidizing gas so as to form the fluid bed 20 S. When the raw coal of the fluid bed S is moved by the fluidizing gas, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat transfer pipe 106 so as to become the dry coal. Then, the dry coal is discharged from the dry coal discharge port 103 to the outside, and the steam which is produced by 25 drying the fluidizing gas and the raw coal is discharged from the gas discharge port 105 to the outside. At this time, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input into the drying container 101 is scattered in the width direction at the side of the raw 30 coal input port 102 in the drying container 101, and the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is reduced. Accordingly, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat, and the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 24 so that the raw coal drying efficiency may be improved. [0067] Further, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment, the drying container 101 includes the preheating unit 101a which is provided near the raw coal 5 input port 102 and the drying unit 101b which is provided near the dry coal discharge port 103, and the width of the preheating unit 101a is set to be larger than the width of the drying unit 101b. Accordingly, since the raw coal is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 10 101a and the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed at the pulverized coal with a large moisture content is reduced, the raw coal may be heated by the sufficiently ensured heat. Thus, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed of the raw coal increases in the drying unit 15 101b, but the raw coal is sufficiently heated. For this reason, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed and the raw coal may be easily dried. [0068] Further, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment, the drying container 101 is equipped with 20 the dispersion plate 107 having plural openings or ejection nozzles and separated from the bottom plate 110 by a predetermined height, the dispersion plate 107 is divided into the first dispersion plate 107a corresponding to the preheating unit 101a and the second dispersion plate 107b 25 corresponding to the drying unit 101b, the zone is defined by the partition plate 108, and the fluidizing gas supply units 104a and 14b are respectively provided with respect to the wind chambers 109a and 109b corresponding to the respective dispersion plates 107a and 107b. Accordingly, 30 the fluidizing gas supply amount may be changed by the wind chamber 109a equipped with the first dispersion plate 107a corresponding to the preheating unit 101a and the wind chamber 109b equipped with the second dispersion plate 107b Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 25 corresponding to the drying unit 101b, and the optimal fluidizing gas amount may be supplied in accordance with the state of the moisture content of the raw coal. Thus, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed and 5 the drying may be optimally performed. [0069] Further, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the first embodiment, since the height of the first dispersion plate 107a is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion plate 107b, the height of the fluid bed S 10 in the preheating unit 101a decreases. For this reason, the fluidization amount of the raw coal in the preheating unit 101a decreases, and the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, so that the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 106 and 15 the like. In the preheating unit 101a, the height of the fluid bed S decreases, but since the width of the preheating unit 101a of the drying container 101 is widened, a decrease in the volume of the fluid bed gets balanced, so that an increase in the moisture load per unit volume of 20 the fluid bed may be reduced. Second Embodiment [0070] FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating a fluid bed drying apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic side view 25 illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the second embodiment. Furthermore, the same reference sign will be given to the same component as that of the above-described embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated. 30 [0071] In the second embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, a fluid bed drying apparatus 12a includes a drying container 201, a raw coal input port (wet raw material input unit) 202, a dry coal discharge port (dry material Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 26 discharge unit) 203, a fluidizing gas supply unit 204, a gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 205, and a heat transfer pipe (heating unit) 206. [0072] The drying container 201 is formed in a hollow 5 box shape, where one end side thereof is equipped with the raw coal input port 202 and the other end side thereof is equipped with the dry coal discharge port 203. Further, the lower portion of the drying container 201 is equipped with a dispersion plate 207, a bottom plate 210 is equipped 10 with the fluidizing gas supply unit 204, and the upper portion near the dry coal discharge port 203 is equipped with the gas discharge port 205. For this reason, the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 202 into the drying container 201, and the fluidizing gas is supplied 15 from the fluidizing gas supply unit 204 thereinto through the dispersion plate 207. Accordingly, the fluid bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed at the upper side of the dispersion plate 207, and the freeboard F is formed at the upper side of the fluid bed S. Then, the 20 heat transfer pipe 206 is disposed in the fluid bed S. [0073] Further, the width of the drying container 201 near the raw coal input port 202 is set to be larger than the width at the dry coal discharge port 203. That is, in the embodiment, the drying container 201 includes a 25 preheating unit 201a which is provided near the raw coal input port 202 and a drying unit 201b which is provided near the dry coal discharge port 203, and the width of the preheating unit 201a is narrowed toward the drying unit 201b so that the preheating unit is directly connected to 30 the drying unit 201b. [0074] Further, in the drying container 201, the dispersion plate 207 is divided into a first dispersion plate 207a corresponding to the preheating unit 201a and a Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 27 second dispersion plate 207b corresponding to the drying unit 201b. Then, in the drying container 201, the zone which is defined by the bottom plate 210 and the dispersion plate 207 is defined by partition plates 208 so as to 5 correspond to the respective dispersion plates 207a and 207b so as to form wind chambers 209a and 209b, and the respective wind chambers 209a and 209b are equipped with fluidizing gas supply ports 204a and 204b. Moreover, the height of the first dispersion plate 207a corresponding to 10 the preheating unit 201a is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion plate 207b corresponding to the drying unit 201b, and the first dispersion plate is equipped with a sloped surface which is inclined downward toward the second dispersion plate 207b. 15 [0075] Accordingly, since the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 202 into the drying container 201 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 204 thereinto through the dispersion plate 207, the fluid bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed 20 at the upper side of the dispersion plate 207. The raw coal is moved in the fluid bed S toward the dry material discharge port 203 by the fluidizing gas. At this time, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat from the heat transfer pipe 206. 25 [0076] In this case, the raw coal is heated and dried by the fluidizing gas or the heat from the heat transfer pipe 206 while moving from the raw coal input port 202 to the dry material discharge port 203. However, since the raw coal becomes a preheated state immediately after the raw 30 coal is input from the raw coal input port 202, that is, in the preheating unit 201a, the moisture thereof substantially does not evaporate just by the absorption of the heat. Subsequently, when the raw coal moves to the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 28 drying zone, that is, the drying unit 201b over the preheating zone, that is, the preheating unit 201a, the evaporation of the moisture starts and gradually increases to the maximal state. As a result, the evaporation of the 5 moisture decreases at it approaches the dry material discharge port 203. [0077] At this time, since the drying container 201 is formed so that the width of the preheating unit 201a is larger than the width of the drying unit 201b and the 10 preheating unit is narrowed toward the drying unit 201b, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input from the raw coal input port 202 is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 201a. For this reason, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid 15 bed decreases in the preheating unit 201a, and hence the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 206 and the like. Subsequently, when the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 201a to the drying unit 201b, the raw coal is narrowed in the width 20 direction, and hence the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed increases. However, since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 201a, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed. Further, since the raw coal is 25 heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 206 and the like at the drying unit 201b, the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0078] Further, since the drying container 201 is formed so that the height of the first dispersion plate 207a 30 corresponding to the preheating unit 201a is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion plate 207b corresponding to the drying unit 201b and decrease toward the second dispersion plate 207b, the height of the fluid Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 29 bed S of the raw coal with a large moisture content decreases in the preheating unit 201a. For this reason, the fluidization amount of the raw coal decrease in the preheating unit 201a even due to this point, so that the 5 occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed and the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 206 and the like. In the preheating unit 201a, the height of the fluid bed S decreases. However, since the width of the preheating unit 201a of the drying 10 container 201 is widened, a decrease in the volume of the fluid bed gets balanced, so that an increase in the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed may be reduced. Subsequently, the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 201a to the drying unit 201b. However, 15 since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 201a, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 206 and the like at the drying unit 201b, so that the raw coal may be appropriately dried. 20 [0079] Subsequently, the dry coal obtained by drying the raw coal is discharged from the dry material discharge port 203 to the outside and the steam which is produced by heating and drying the raw coal at the fluid bed S rises along with the fluidizing gas and flows toward the dry coal 25 discharge port 203 so as to be discharged from the gas discharge port 205 to the outside. [0080] In this way, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the second embodiment, the width of the preheating unit 201a of the drying container 201 is set to be larger than 30 the width of the drying unit 201b, and the width of the preheating unit 201a is narrowed toward the drying unit 201b so that the preheating unit is connected to the drying unit 201b.

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 30 [0081] Accordingly, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input into the drying container 201 is scattered in the width direction at the side of the raw coal input port 202 in the drying container 201, the 5 moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal is reduced, and the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat. Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and hence the raw coal drying efficiency may be improved. Then, since the width of the preheating unit 10 201a is gradually narrowed, the raw coal may be made to flow inside the drying container 201 without staying at a certain portion. Further, since the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal is gradually changed in the preheating unit 201a, the insufficient heat input to the 15 raw coal may be prevented. [0082] Further, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the second embodiment, the first dispersion plate 207a and the second dispersion plate 207b are connected to each other by the sloped surface. Accordingly, the raw coal smoothly 20 flows by the sloped surface while flowing from the preheating unit 201a to the drying unit 201b, and hence the raw coal may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container 201 without staying at a certain portion. Third Embodiment 25 [0083] FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view illustrating a fluid bed drying apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the third embodiment. Furthermore, the same reference sign will be 30 given to the same component as that of the above-described embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated. [0084] In the third embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS.

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 31 7 and 8, a fluid bed drying apparatus 12b includes a drying container 301, a raw coal input port (wet raw material input unit) 302, a dry coal discharge port (dry material discharge unit) 303, a fluidizing gas supply unit 304, a 5 gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 305, and a heat transfer pipe (heating unit) 306. [0085] The drying container 301 is formed in a hollow box shape, where one end side thereof is equipped with the raw coal input port 302 and the other end side thereof is 10 equipped with the dry coal discharge port 303. Further, the lower portion of the drying container 301 is equipped with a dispersion plate 307, a bottom plate 310 is equipped with the fluidizing gas supply unit 304, and the upper portion near the dry coal discharge port 303 is equipped 15 with the gas discharge port 305. For this reason, the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 302 into the drying container 301, and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 304 thereinto through the dispersion plate 307. Accordingly, the fluid bed S 20 having a predetermined thickness is formed at the upper side of the dispersion plate 307, and the freeboard F is formed at the upper side of the fluid bed S. Then, the heat transfer pipe 306 is disposed in the fluid bed S. [0086] Further, the drying container 301 is formed so 25 that the width at the raw coal input port 302 is larger than the width at the dry coal discharge port 303. That is, in the embodiment, the drying container 301 includes a preheating unit 301a which is provided near the raw coal input port 302, a drying unit 301b which is provided near 30 the dry coal discharge port 303, and a narrowed portion 301c which is narrowed as it moves from the preheating unit 301a to the drying unit 301b. [0087] Further, the drying container 301 is formed so Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 32 that the dispersion plate 307 is divided into a first dispersion plate 307a corresponding to the preheating unit 301a, a second dispersion plate 307b corresponding to the drying unit 301b, and a third dispersion plate 307c 5 corresponding to the narrowed portion 301c. Then, in the drying container 301, the zone which is defined by the bottom plate 310 and the dispersion plate 307 is defined by partition plates 308 so as to correspond to the respective dispersion plates 307a, 307b, and 307c so as to form wind 10 chambers 309a, 309b, and 309c, and the respective wind chambers 309a, 309b, and 309c are equipped with fluidizing gas supply units 304a, 304b, and 304c. Moreover, the height of the first dispersion plate 307a corresponding to the preheating unit 301a is set to be higher than the 15 height of the second dispersion plate 307b corresponding to the drying unit 301b, and the first dispersion plate 307a and the second dispersion plate 307b are connected to each other by the third dispersion plate 307c having a sloped surface inclined downward from the first dispersion plate 20 307a toward the second dispersion plate 307b. [0088] Accordingly, since the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 302 into the drying container 301 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 304 thereinto through the dispersion plate 307, 25 the fluid bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed at the upper side of the dispersion plate 307. The raw coal is moved in the fluid bed S toward the dry material discharge port 303 by the fluidizing gas. At this time, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat transferred 30 from the heat transfer pipe 306. [0089] In this case, the raw coal is heated and dried by the fluidizing gas or the heat from the heat transfer pipe 306 while being moved from the raw coal input port 302 to Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 33 the dry material discharge port 303. However, since the raw coal becomes a preheated state immediately after the raw coal is input from the raw coal input port 302, that is, in the preheating unit 301a, the moisture thereof 5 substantially does not evaporate just by the absorption of the heat. Subsequently, when the raw coal moves from the preheating zone, that is, the preheating unit 301a to the drying zone, that is, the drying unit 301b through the narrowed portion 301c, the evaporation of the moisture 10 starts and gradually increases to the maximal state. As a result, the evaporation of the moisture decreases at it approaches the dry coal discharge port 303. [0090] At this time, since the drying container 301 is formed so that the width of the preheating unit 301a is 15 larger than the width of the drying unit 301b and the narrowed portion 301c is narrowed toward the drying unit 301b, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input from the raw coal input port 302 is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 20 301a. For this reason, the density of the raw coal decreases in the preheating unit 301a and the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal decreases, so that the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 306 and the like. Subsequently, when the 25 preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 301a to the drying unit 301b through the narrowed portion 301c, the raw coal is narrowed in the width direction. Accordingly, the density of the raw coal increases, and the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal increases. However, 30 since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 301a, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 306 and the like at the drying unit 301b, so Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 34 that the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0091] Further, since the drying container 301 is formed so that the height of the first dispersion plate 307a corresponding to the preheating unit 301a is set to be 5 higher than the height of the second dispersion plate 307b corresponding to the drying unit 301b and the third dispersion plate 307c is inclined, the height of the fluid bed S of the raw coal with a large moisture content decreases at the preheating unit 301a. For this reason, 10 the fluidization amount of the raw coal decreases in the preheating unit 301a even due to this point, so that the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal decreases and the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 306 and the like. Subsequently, when 15 the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 301a to the drying unit 301b, the height of the fluid bed S increases and the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal increases. However, since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the 20 preheating unit 301a, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 306 and the like at the drying unit 301b, so that the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0092] Subsequently, the dry coal obtained by drying the 25 raw coal is discharged from the dry material discharge port 303 to the outside, and the steam which is produced by heating and drying the raw coal at the fluid bed S rises along with the fluidizing gas and flows toward the dry coal discharge port 303 so as to be discharged from the gas 30 discharge port 305 to the outside. [0093] In this way, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the third embodiment, the width of the preheating unit 301a of the drying container 301 is set to be larger than the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 35 width of the drying unit 301b thereof, and the narrowed portion 301c of which the width is narrowed is provided between the preheating unit 301a and the drying unit 301b. [0094] Accordingly, the raw coal with a large moisture 5 content immediately after input into the drying container 301 is scattered in the width direction at the side of the raw coal input port 302 in the drying container 301, and the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal is reduced. Thus, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient 10 heat, and hence the raw coal drying efficiency may be improved. Then, since the width of the preheating unit 301a is gradually narrowed, the raw coal may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container 301 without staying at a certain portion. Further, since the moisture 15 load per unit volume of the raw coal at the preheating unit 301a is gradually changed, the insufficient heat input to the raw coal may be prevented. Fourth Embodiment [0095] FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view illustrating a 20 fluid bed drying apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 10 is a schematic side view illustrating the fluid bed drying apparatus of the fourth embodiment. Furthermore, the same reference sign will be given to the same component as that of the above-described 25 embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will not be repeated. [0096] In the fourth embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, a fluid bed drying apparatus 12c includes a drying container 401, a raw coal input port (wet raw 30 material input unit) 402, a dry coal discharge port (dry material discharge unit) 403, a fluidizing gas supply unit 404, a gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 405, and a heat transfer pipe (heating unit) 406.

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 36 [0097] The drying container 401 is formed in a hollow box shape, where one end side thereof is equipped with the raw coal input port 402 and the other end side thereof is equipped with the dry coal discharge port 403. Further, 5 the lower portion of the drying container 401 is equipped with a dispersion plate 407, a bottom plate 410 is equipped with the fluidizing gas supply unit 404, and the gas discharge port 405 is provided at the upper portion near the dry coal discharge port 403. For this reason, the raw 10 coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 402 into the drying container 401, and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 404 thereinto through the dispersion plate 407. Accordingly, the fluid bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed at the upper 15 side of the dispersion plate 407, and the freeboard F is formed at the upper side of the fluid bed S. Then, the heat transfer pipe 406 is disposed in the fluid bed S. [0098] Further, the drying container 401 is formed so that the width at the raw coal input port 402 is set to be 20 larger than the width at the dry coal discharge port 403. That is, in the embodiment, the drying container 401 includes a preheating unit 401a which is provided near the raw coal input port 402, a drying unit 401b which is provided near the dry coal discharge port 403, and a 25 narrowed portion 401c of which the width is narrowed from the preheating unit 401a to the drying unit 401b. [0099] Further, in the drying container 401, the dispersion plate 407 is divided into plural segments, the zone which is defined by the bottom plate 410 and the 30 dispersion plate 407 is defined by partition plates 408 so as to form plural wind chambers 409, and each of the wind chambers 409 is connected with the fluidizing gas supply unit 404.

Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 37 [0100] Accordingly, since the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 402 into the drying container 401 and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply unit 404 thereinto through the dispersion plate 407, 5 the fluid bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed at the upper side of the dispersion plate 407. The raw coal is moved in the fluid bed S toward the dry material discharge port 403 by the fluidizing gas. At this time, the raw coal is heated and dried by the heat from the heat 10 transfer pipe 406. [0101] In this case, the raw coal is heated and dried by the fluidizing gas or the heat from the heat transfer pipe 406 while moving from the raw coal input port 402 to the dry material discharge port 403. However, since the raw 15 coal becomes a preheated state immediately after the raw coal is input from the raw coal input port 402, that is, in the preheating unit 401a, the moisture thereof substantially does not evaporate just by the absorption of the heat. Subsequently, when the raw coal moves from the 20 preheating zone, that is, the preheating unit 401a to the drying zone, that is, the drying unit 401b through the narrowed portion 401c, the evaporation of the moisture starts and gradually increases to the maximal state. As a result, the evaporation of the moisture decreases as it 25 approaches the dry coal discharge port 403. [0102] At this time, since the drying container 401 is formed so that the width of the preheating unit 401a is larger than the width of the drying unit 401b and the narrowed portion 401c is narrowed toward the drying unit 30 401b, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input from the raw coal input port 402 is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 401a. For this reason, the moisture load per unit volume Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 38 of the fluid bed decreases in the preheating unit 401a, and hence the raw coal may be heated by the sufficient heat from the heat transfer pipe 406 and the like. Subsequently, when the preheated raw coal flows from the preheating unit 5 401a to the drying unit 401b through the narrowed portion 401c, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed increases. However, since the temperature of the raw coal increases to the sufficient temperature at the preheating unit 401a, the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat 10 from the heat transfer pipe 406 and the like at the drying unit 401b. Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and hence the raw coal may be appropriately dried. [0103] Subsequently, the dry coal obtained by drying the 15 raw coal is discharged from the dry material discharge port 403 to the outside, and the steam which is produced by heating and drying the raw coal at the fluid bed S rises along with the fluidizing gas and flows toward the dry coal discharge port 403 so as to be discharged from the gas 20 discharge port 405 to the outside. [0104] In this way, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the width of the preheating unit 401a of the drying container 401 is set to be larger than the width of the drying unit 401b thereof, and the narrowed 25 portion 401c of which the width is narrowed is provided between the preheating unit 401a and the drying unit 401b. [0105] Accordingly, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input into the drying container 401 is scattered in the width direction at the side of the 30 raw coal input port 402 of the drying container 401, the moisture load per unit volume of the raw coal is reduced, and the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat. Thus, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 39 hence the raw coal drying efficiency may be improved. Then, since the width of the preheating unit 401a is gradually narrowed, the raw coal may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container 401 without staying at a certain 5 portion. Further, since the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is gradually changed in the preheating unit 401a, the insufficient heat input to the raw coal may be prevented. Fifth Embodiment 10 [0106] FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a fluid bed drying apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference sign will be given to the same component as that of the above-described embodiment, and the detailed 15 description thereof will not be repeated. [0107] In the fifth embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 11, a fluid bed drying apparatus 12d includes a drying container 501, a raw coal input port (wet raw material input unit) 502, a dry coal discharge port (dry material 20 discharge unit, not illustrated), a fluidizing gas supply unit (not illustrated), a gas discharge port (gas discharge unit) 505, and a heat transfer pipe (heating unit, not illustrated). [0108] The drying container 501 is formed in a hollow 25 box shape, where one end side thereof is equipped with the raw coal input port 502 and the other end side thereof is equipped with the dry coal discharge port. Further, the drying container 501 is equipped with the fluidizing gas supply unit, and the upper portion thereof is equipped with 30 a gas discharge port 505. For this reason, the raw coal is supplied from the raw coal input port 502 into the drying container 501, and the fluidizing gas is supplied from the fluidizing gas supply port thereinto. Accordingly, the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 40 fluid bed having a predetermined thickness is formed, the freeboard is formed at the upper side of the fluid bed, and the heat transfer pipe is disposed in the fluid bed. [0109] Further, the drying container 501 is formed so 5 that the width at the raw coal input port 502 is larger than the width at the dry coal discharge port. That is, in the embodiment, the drying container 501 includes a preheating unit 501a which is provided near the raw coal input port 502 and a drying unit 501b which is provided 10 near the dry coal discharge port, and the width thereof gradually decreases from the preheating unit 501a toward the drying unit 501b. [0110] Furthermore, since the operation of the fluid bed drying apparatus 12D of the embodiment is substantially the 15 same as those of the above-described embodiments, the description thereof will not be repeated. [0111] In this way, in the fluid bed drying apparatus of the fifth embodiment, the width of the preheating unit 501a of the drying container 501 is set to be larger than the 20 width of the drying unit 501b thereof, and the width thereof gradually decreases from the preheating unit 501a toward the drying unit 501b. [0112] Accordingly, the raw coal with a large moisture content immediately after input into the drying container 25 501 is scattered in the width direction at the preheating unit 501a, and is preheated and dried while flowing toward the drying unit 501b. In the preheating unit 501a, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is reduced, and the raw coal is heated by the sufficient heat. 30 Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and hence the raw coal drying efficiency may be improved. Then, since the width is gradually narrowed from the preheating unit 501a toward the drying unit 501b, the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 41 raw coal may be made to uniformly flow inside the drying container 501 without staying at a certain portion. Further, since the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed is gradually changed in the preheating unit 501a, 5 the insufficient heat input to the raw coal may be prevented. [0113] In this case, when the width ratio between the preheating unit 501a and the drying unit 501b is determined in consideration of the moisture content of the raw coal 10 and the drying efficiency of the fluid bed S, the moisture load per unit volume of the fluid bed may be made to be constant inside the drying container 501. Accordingly, the occurrence of the poor fluidization is suppressed, and hence the raw coal drying efficiency may be further 15 improved. [0114] Furthermore, in the above-described respective embodiments, the wide preheating unit and the narrow drying unit are provided, but the shape therebetween is not limited to those of the embodiments. 20 [0115] Further, in the above-described respective embodiments, the low-grade coal is used as the wet raw material, but high-grade coal may be employed. Further, the wet raw material is not limited to the coal, and biomass which is used as a renewable biological organic 25 resource may be employed. For example, thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, mud, a tire, and recycled fuel (pellet or chip) produced therefrom may be employed. Reference Signs List [0116] 11 coal supply device 30 12, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d fluid bed drying apparatus 13 coal pulverizer 14 coal gasification furnace 15 char recovery unit Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 42 16 gas purification device 17 gas turbine facility 18 steam turbine facility 19 generator 5 20 exhausted heat recovery boiler 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 drying container 101a, 201a, 301a, 401a, 501a preheating unit 101b, 201b, 301b, 401b, 501b drying unit 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 raw coal input port (wet raw 10 material input unit) 103, 203, 303, 403 dry coal discharge port (dry material discharge unit) 104, 204, 304, 404 fluidizing gas supply unit 105, 205, 305, 405, 505 gas discharge port (gas 15 discharge unit) 106, 206, 306, 406 heat transfer pipe (heating unit) 107, 207, 307, 407 dispersion plate

Claims

1. A fluid bed drying apparatus comprising: a drying container formed in a hollow shape; a wet raw material input unit for inputting a wet raw 5 material to one end side of the drying container; a dry material discharge unit for discharging a dry material obtained by heating and drying the wet raw material from the other end side of the drying container; a fluidizing gas supply unit for supplying a 10 fluidizing gas to a lower portion of the drying container so as to form a fluid bed along with the wet raw material; a gas discharge unit for discharging the fluidizing gas and product steam from an upper side of the drying container; and 15 a heating unit for heating the wet raw material of the fluid bed, wherein the drying container is formed so that the width at the wet raw material input unit is larger than the width at the dry material discharge unit. 20

2. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying container includes: a preheating unit provided near the wet raw material input unit and 25 a drying unit provided near the dry material discharge unit, and wherein the width of the preheating unit is set to be larger than the width of the drying unit. 30

3. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the preheating unit decreases in width toward the drying unit so as to be directly connected to the drying unit. Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 44

4. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the drying container is equipped with a 5 plurality of dispersion plates having a plurality of openings or ejection nozzles and separated from a bottom plate by a predetermined height, the plurality of dispersion plates are divided into a first dispersion plate corresponding to the preheating unit and a second 10 dispersion plate corresponding to the drying unit so as to form defined zones, and the fluidizing gas supply unit is provided in the bottom plate with respect to each of the zones corresponding to the respective dispersion plates. 15

5. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising: a narrowed portion of which the width is narrowed from the preheating unit to the drying unit. 20

6. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the drying device is equipped with a third dispersion plate corresponding to the narrowed portion, and the fluidizing gas supply unit is provided in the bottom plate with respect to the zone corresponding to the third 25 dispersion plate.

7. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the height of the first dispersion plate is set to be higher than the height of the second dispersion 30 plate.

8. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the first dispersion plate is connected to the Docket No. PMHA-13047-PCT 45 second dispersion plate while being inclined downward toward the second dispersion plate.

9. The fluid bed drying apparatus according to claim 7, 5 wherein the third dispersion plate is connected to the second dispersion plate while being inclined downward from the first dispersion plate toward the second dispersion plate.