JP5881628B2 - Fluidized bed dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed drying apparatus that dries a wet fuel while flowing it with a fluidizing gas.

  For example, a combined coal gasification power generation facility is a power generation facility that aims to further increase the efficiency and environmental performance compared to conventional coal-fired power generation by gasifying coal and combining it with combined cycle power generation. This coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility has a great merit that it can use coal with abundant resources, and it is known that the merit can be further increased by expanding the applicable coal types.

  Conventional coal gasification combined power generation facilities generally have a coal supply device, a drying device, a coal gasification furnace, a gas purification device, a gas turbine facility, a steam turbine facility, an exhaust heat recovery boiler, a gas purification device, and the like. ing. Therefore, the coal is dried and then pulverized, supplied to the coal gasifier as pulverized coal, and air is taken in. The coal gas is combusted and gasified in this coal gasifier, and the product gas (combustible) Gas) is produced. Then, the product gas is purified and then supplied to the gas turbine equipment to burn and generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas to drive the turbine. The exhaust gas after driving the turbine recovers thermal energy by the exhaust heat recovery boiler, generates steam and supplies it to the steam turbine equipment, and drives the turbine. As a result, power generation is performed. On the other hand, the exhaust gas from which the thermal energy has been recovered is released into the atmosphere through a chimney after harmful substances are removed by the gas purification device.

  As a coal drying apparatus used for such a coal gasification combined power generation facility, there are those described in the following patent documents. The multi-chamber fluidized bed classifying apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a fluidized bed on the upper side of the wind chamber via a perforated plate type gas dispersion plate, and the chamber is divided into a drying chamber and a classification chamber by a partition plate, A communication passage is formed below the partition plate, and fluidized gas having a role as hot air for drying and a role as classification gas can be supplied to the wind chamber. In addition, the fluidized bed drying apparatus described in Patent Document 2 divides a drying section into an upper space and a lower space by a horizontal perforated plate, and a plurality of upper partitions perpendicular to the upper space are arranged at a predetermined interval. A vertical lower partition is arranged so as to penetrate the perforated plate at the bottom, and a channel space is formed between the upper partition and the lower partition with a partition plate to supply gases of different temperatures and flow rates. .

JP 2000-197854 A JP 2011-080746 A

  In the conventional multi-chamber fluidized bed classifying apparatus described in Patent Document 1 described above, the fluidized material is classified by moving from the fluidized bed to the fluidized bed through the communication passage. Since the passage area is small, there is a possibility that the object to be processed accumulates and is blocked. Moreover, in the conventional fluidized bed drying apparatus described in Patent Document 2 described above, gas having different temperatures and flow rates is supplied to the channel space partitioned by the partition plate. When moving from the 1st space to the 2nd space, it moves from a space with a high flow velocity to a space with a low flow velocity, so that the flow of the particles to be dried becomes insufficient, and as described above, it accumulates and becomes clogged here. There is a fear.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed drying apparatus that can improve the drying efficiency by suppressing the poor movement of wet fuel between fluidized layers.

  In order to achieve the above object, the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention comprises a drying container having a hollow shape, a wet fuel input part provided on one end side and a dry matter discharge part provided on the other end side, and the drying A partition member in which the container is divided in the flow direction of the wet fuel to form a plurality of divided drying chambers and a passage opening for the wet fuel is formed, and an upstream in the flow direction of the wet fuel from the lower side of the plurality of divided dry chambers A flow chamber having a wind chamber capable of supplying a fluidized gas having a higher superficial velocity toward the side, and the wind chamber being disposed below the plurality of divided drying chambers and downstream in the flow direction of the wet fuel And a gasification gas supply device.

  Accordingly, the wind chamber for supplying the fluidized gas is shifted below the split drying chamber and downstream in the flow direction of the wet fuel so that the upstream split drying chamber has a higher superficial velocity. When the wet fuel in the side split drying chamber moves to the downstream side split drying chamber through the passage opening, the superficial velocity does not change, so the retention of wet fuel in this passage opening is suppressed, and the passage opening It is possible to prevent the wet fuel from passing through the portion and improve the drying efficiency of the wet fuel.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the drying container is partitioned into the upper divided drying chamber and the lower air chamber by disposing a plurality of through holes in a horizontal manner, and The wind chamber is divided by the partition member in the wet fuel flow direction to form a plurality of split wind chambers, and the partition member is arranged so as to be shifted downstream from the partition member in the wet fuel flow direction. It is a feature.

  Accordingly, the air chamber is divided by the partition member to form a plurality of divided air chambers, and the partition member is arranged downstream of the partition member in the flow direction of the wet fuel. It is possible to prevent the superficial velocity from changing when the wet fuel in the drying chamber moves through the passage opening to the divided drying chamber on the downstream side, and suppress the retention of the wet fuel in the passage opening. In addition, the structure can be simplified.

  In the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the drying container has three or more divided drying chambers formed by the partition member, and the partition with respect to the partition member positioned on the most upstream side in the flow direction of the wet fuel. The member is arranged downstream of the partition member in the flow direction of the wet fuel.

  Therefore, it is possible to provide a plurality of divided drying chambers as a preheating drying region where initial drying of wet fuel is performed, a constant rate drying region where intermediate drying of wet fuel is performed, and a reduction rate drying region where late drying of wet fuel is performed. The wet fuel can be efficiently dried, and the partition member is arranged on the downstream side with respect to the partition member on the most upstream side, so that at least the retention of the wet fuel in the initial dry state can be prevented. it can.

  According to the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention, the drying container is divided in the flow direction of the wet fuel and the partition member in which the passage opening of the wet fuel is formed, and the wind chamber is divided and divided in the flow direction of the wet fuel. Fluidizing gas is supplied to each divided wind chamber so that the partition member disposed downstream of the member in the flow direction of the wet fuel and the divided drying chamber on the upstream side in the flow direction of the wet fuel have a higher superficial velocity. Since the superficial velocity when the wet fuel passes through the passage opening does not change, the retention of the wet fuel at the passage opening is suppressed, and the wet fuel passes through the passage opening. Defects can be prevented and the drying efficiency of wet fuel can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view showing the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification combined power generation facility to which the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment is applied.

  Exemplary embodiments of a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view showing a fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a fluidized bed of the present embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the coal gasification combined cycle facility to which the drying apparatus was applied.

  The coal gasification combined power generation facility (IGCC: Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle) of the present embodiment adopts an air combustion method in which coal gas is generated in a gasification furnace using air as an oxidizer and is purified by a gas purification device. Coal gas is supplied as fuel gas to a gas turbine facility for power generation. That is, the combined coal gasification combined power generation facility of this embodiment is a power generation facility of an air combustion system (air blowing).

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 includes a coal supply device 11, a fluidized bed drying device 12, a pulverized coal machine (mill) 13, a coal gasification furnace 14, and a char recovery device 15. , A gas refining device 16, a gas turbine facility 17, a steam turbine facility 18, a generator 19, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 20.

  The coal feeder 11 includes a raw coal bunker 21, a coal feeder 22, and a crusher 23. The raw coal bunker 21 can store coal and can drop a predetermined amount of coal into the coal feeder 22. The coal feeder 22 can transport the coal dropped from the raw coal bunker 21 by a conveyor or the like and drop it on the crusher 23. The crusher 23 can crush the dropped coal into a predetermined size.

  The fluidized bed drying device 12 supplies fluidized steam (fluidized gas) to the coal introduced by the coal feeder 11 so as to heat and dry the coal while flowing, and the moisture contained in the coal Can be removed. The fluidized bed drying device 12 is provided with a cooler 31 that cools the extracted dry coal, and the dry coal is stored in the dry coal bunker 32. Further, the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 is provided with a cyclone 33 and an electric dust collector 34 for separating dry coal particles from the extracted steam, and the dry coal particles separated from the steam are stored in the dry coal bunker 32. The steam from which the dry coal is separated by the electric dust collector 34 is compressed by the compressor 35 and then supplied to the fluidized bed drying device 12 as fluidized steam.

  The pulverized coal machine 13 is a coal pulverizer, and pulverizes coal (dried coal) dried by the fluidized bed dryer 12 into fine particles to produce pulverized coal. That is, in the pulverized coal machine 13, the dry coal stored in the dry coal bunker 32 is dropped by the coal feeder 36, and the dry coal is converted into pulverized coal having a predetermined particle size or less. The pulverized coal after being pulverized by the pulverized coal machine 13 is separated from the transfer gas by the bag filters 37a and 37b and stored in the supply hoppers 38a and 38b.

  The coal gasification furnace 14 can supply pulverized coal processed by the pulverized coal machine 13 and can be recycled by returning the char (unburned coal) recovered by the char recovery device 15. .

  That is, the coal gasification furnace 14 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41 from the gas turbine equipment 17 (compressor 61), and can supply compressed air compressed by the gas turbine equipment 17. The air separation device 42 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from air in the atmosphere, and a first nitrogen supply line 43 is connected to the coal gasification furnace 14, and a supply hopper 38 a, Charging lines 44a and 44b from 38b are connected. The second nitrogen supply line 45 is also connected to the coal gasification furnace 14, and the char return line 46 from the char recovery device 15 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45. Further, the oxygen supply line 47 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41. In this case, nitrogen is used as a carrier gas for coal and char, and oxygen is used as an oxidant.

  The coal gasification furnace 14 is, for example, a spouted bed type gasification furnace, which combusts and gasifies coal, char, air (oxygen) supplied therein or water vapor as a gasifying agent, and produces carbon dioxide. A combustible gas (product gas, coal gas) containing carbon as a main component is generated, and a gasification reaction takes place using this combustible gas as a gasifying agent. The coal gasification furnace 14 is provided with a foreign matter removing device 48 that removes foreign matter mixed with pulverized coal. In this case, the coal gasification furnace 14 is not limited to the spouted bed gasification furnace, and may be a fluidized bed gasification furnace or a fixed bed gasification furnace. The coal gasification furnace 14 is provided with a gas generation line 49 for combustible gas toward the char recovery device 15, and can discharge combustible gas containing char. In this case, by providing a gas cooler in the gas generation line 49, the combustible gas may be cooled to a predetermined temperature and then supplied to the char recovery device 15.

  The char recovery device 15 includes a dust collector 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the dust collector 51 is constituted by one or a plurality of bag filters or cyclones, and can separate char contained in the combustible gas generated in the coal gasification furnace 14. The combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification device 16 through the gas discharge line 53. The supply hopper 52 stores the char separated from the combustible gas by the dust collector 51. A char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45.

The gas purification device 16 performs gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 15. The gas purifier 16 purifies the combustible gas to produce fuel gas and supplies it to the gas turbine equipment 17. In the gas purifier 16, since the combustible gas from which the char is separated still contains sulfur (H ₂ S), the sulfur is finally removed by removing it with the amine absorbent. Is recovered as gypsum and used effectively.

  The gas turbine equipment 17 includes a compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected by a rotating shaft 64. The combustor 62 has a compressed air supply line 65 connected to the compressor 61, a fuel gas supply line 66 connected to the gas purifier 16, and a combustion gas supply line 67 connected to the turbine 63. Further, the gas turbine equipment 17 is provided with a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the compressor 61 to the coal gasification furnace 14, and a booster 68 is provided in the middle. Therefore, in the combustor 62, the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purifier 16 are mixed and burned, and the rotating shaft 64 is rotated by the generated combustion gas in the turbine 63. By doing so, the generator 19 can be driven.

  The steam turbine facility 18 includes a turbine 69 that is coupled to the rotating shaft 64 in the gas turbine facility 17, and the generator 19 is coupled to the base end portion of the rotating shaft 64. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is provided in the exhaust gas line 70 from the gas turbine equipment 17 (the turbine 63), and generates steam by exchanging heat between the air and the high temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is provided with the steam supply line 71 between the steam turbine equipment 18 and the turbine 69 of the steam turbine equipment 18, the steam recovery line 72 is provided, and the steam recovery line 72 is provided with the condenser 73. Yes. A gas purification device 74 and a chimney 75 are connected to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20.

  In the combined coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10 of this embodiment configured as described above, the raw coal is dropped into the crusher 23 by the coal feeder 22 and crushed by the coal feeder 11 and heated by the fluidized bed dryer 12. After being dried, it is cooled by a cooler 31 and stored in a dry charcoal bunker 32. The dry coal of the dry coal bunker 32 is pulverized by the pulverized coal machine 13 to produce pulverized coal, and is stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b. The pulverized coal stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 38a and 38b is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 14, and combusted with compressed air to be gasified, thereby combustible gas (coal gas containing carbon dioxide as a main component). ) Is generated. The combustible gas is separated into char by the char recovery device 15 and sent to the gas purification device 16.

  In the gas purification device 16, the combustible gas is purified by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds to produce fuel gas. In the gas turbine facility 17, when the compressor 61 generates compressed air and supplies the compressed air to the combustor 62, the combustor 62 generates combustion gas by mixing the compressed air and the fuel gas and combusting, The turbine 63 is driven to generate power by the generator 19. The exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine equipment 17 generates steam in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 and supplies the steam to the steam turbine equipment 18. In the steam turbine facility 18, the turbine 69 is driven by this steam and the generator 19 generates power. Thereafter, in the gas purification device 74, harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 are removed, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 75 to the atmosphere.

  Here, the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.

  The fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 is a plug flow type drying apparatus, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a drying container 101, a coal inlet (wet fuel inlet) 102, and a dry coal outlet (drying). Material discharge unit) 103, fluidized steam supply unit 104 (104a, 104b, 104c), gas discharge port 105, and heat transfer tubes 106, 107, 108.

  The drying container 101 has a hollow box shape, and has a coal inlet 102 for charging coal on one end side, and a dry coal discharge for discharging dry coal obtained by heating and drying coal at the lower part on the other end side. An outlet 103 is formed. In this case, although the coal input port 102 and the dry coal discharge port 103 are provided one by one at the end of the drying container 101, a plurality of them may be provided. Moreover, the drying container 101 can adjust the amount of coal supplied from the coal inlet 102 to the inside by a coal feeder 22 (see FIG. 3). Further, the drying container 101 can adjust the coal discharge amount by adjusting the rotational speed of a rotary valve (not shown) provided at the dry coal discharge port 103.

  Further, the drying container 101 is provided with a dispersion plate 109 having a plurality of through holes at a predetermined distance from the bottom plate 101a in the lower portion, so that the upper drying chamber (111, 112, 113) and the lower air chamber 110 are provided. It is divided into. The drying container 101 is provided with a fluidized steam supply unit 104 (104a, 104b, 104c) that supplies fluidized steam to the bottom plate 101a via the wind chamber 110 and above the dispersion plate 109. Further, in the drying container 101, a gas discharge port 105 for discharging fluidized steam and generated steam is formed in the ceiling plate 101b on the dry coal discharge port 103 side.

  The drying container 101 is supplied with coal from the coal inlet 102 and fluidized steam is supplied from the fluidized steam supply unit 104 through the wind chamber 110 and the dispersion plate 109, so that the drying container 101 is disposed above the dispersion plate 109. A fluidized bed S having a predetermined thickness is formed, and a free board portion F is formed above the fluidized bed S.

  The drying container 101 includes a first drying chamber (divided drying chamber) 111 provided on the upstream side in the coal flow direction and a second drying chamber (downstream chamber provided on the downstream side of the first drying chamber 111). (Division drying chamber) 112 and a third drying chamber (division drying chamber) 113 provided on the most downstream side in the flow direction of coal.

  More specifically, the drying container 101 includes a plurality (two in this embodiment) of fluidized beds S in the direction of coal flow (three in this embodiment) by a plurality of (two in this embodiment) partition plates (partition members) 114 and 115. It is divided into In the drying container 101, coal passage openings 116 and 117 are formed in the lower portion by the partition plates 114 and 115. The partition plates 114 and 115 are arranged along a vertical direction orthogonal to the flow direction of coal, and are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of coal. Installed on. Each of the partition plates 114 and 115 is positioned such that the lower end portion is positioned with a predetermined gap from the dispersion plate 109 and the upper end portion extends above the fluidized bed S. That is, passage openings 116 and 117 having a predetermined height and width (opening area) are secured between the partition plates 114 and 115 and the dispersion plate 109, and the passage openings 116 and 117 are substantially The same opening area is set.

  As described above, the drying container 101 is divided into the first drying chamber 111, the second drying chamber 112, and the third drying chamber 113 by providing the partition plates 114 and 115. The drying chambers 111, 112, and 113 are In addition, communication is made above the partition plates 114 and 115. In this case, the first drying chamber 111 is a region (preheating drying region) where the freeboard portion F1 and the fluidized bed S1 are formed and the initial drying of the coal is performed. In the second drying chamber 112, the free board portion F2 and the fluidized bed S2 are formed, and the second drying chamber 112 is an area (fixed rate drying area) for performing the intermediate drying of coal. In the third drying chamber 113, the freeboard portion F3 and the fluidized bed S3 are formed, and the third drying chamber 113 is a region where the coal is later dried (decrease rate drying region).

  In this case, each of the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113 is set so that the floor area is substantially the same, but may be set to an optimum ratio according to the moisture content of the coal. It is desirable to set the floor area of the drying chamber 112 to the maximum. That is, the first drying chamber 111 is a preheat drying region in which the drying rate of coal is increased to a predetermined moisture content because the moisture content of the input coal is high. Since the drying rate of coal rises to a predetermined drying rate and becomes constant, the second drying chamber 112 is a constant rate drying region in which the drying rate of coal is constant. Since the drying rate of coal is processed when the moisture content of coal reaches a predetermined moisture content (limit moisture content), the third drying chamber 113 is a reduced rate drying region in which the drying rate of coal decreases. Therefore, the drying efficiency is improved by maximizing the volume of the second drying chamber 112 that is the constant rate drying region.

  In addition, the drying chamber 101 corresponds to the three drying chambers 111, 112, and 113, and the air chamber 110 is made to flow of coal by a plurality of (two in this embodiment) partition plates (partition members) 118 and 119. It is divided into a plurality (three in this embodiment) in the direction. That is, the wind chamber 110 is divided into three wind chambers 110a, 110b, and 110c by two partition plates 118 and 119, and the three flow chambers correspond to the three wind chambers 110a, 110b, and 110c. Steamed vapor supply sections 104a, 104b, and 104c are provided.

  The partition plates 118 and 119 are arranged along a vertical direction orthogonal to the flow direction of coal, and are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of coal, and the left and right ends are on the inner wall surface of the drying container 101. Installed. Thus, the drying container 101 is provided with the partition plates 118 and 119, so that the first air chamber (divided air chamber) 101a, the second air chamber (divided air chamber) 110b, and the third air chamber (divided air chamber). 110c. The partition plates 118 and 119 are arranged below the partition plates 114 and 115. The partition plates 118 and 119 are disposed downstream of the partition plates 114 and 115 in the coal flow direction. That is, the partition plate 118 is disposed with a predetermined distance L1 downstream from the partition plate 114, and the partition plate 119 is disposed with a predetermined distance L2 downstream from the partition plate 115. Therefore, the first air chamber 101a corresponds to a part of the first drying chamber 111 and the second drying chamber 112, and the second air chamber 110b corresponds to a part of the second drying chamber 112 and the third drying chamber 113. doing.

  The fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 is provided with a steam supply line 121 that supplies fluidized steam to the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113, and three branch lines 121 a and 121 b branched from the steam supply line 121. , 121c are connected to the wind chambers 110a, 110b, 110c (fluidized steam supply units 104a, 104b, 104c), respectively. The branch lines 121a, 121b, and 121c are provided with flow rate adjusting valves 122a, 122b, and 122c, respectively. Therefore, the amount of fluidized steam supplied to each of the wind chambers 110a, 110b, and 110c can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 122a, 122b, and 122c. Then, by adjusting the amount of fluidized steam supplied to each wind chamber 110a, 110b, 110c, the amount of fluidized steam supplied to each drying chamber 111, 112, 113 through the through hole of the dispersion plate 109 is adjusted, The superficial speed in the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113 can be adjusted. In the present embodiment, the upstream drying chamber in the coal flow direction has a higher superficial velocity, that is, the first drying chamber 111, the second drying chamber 112, and the third drying chamber 113 have the superficial velocity. It is set to decrease.

  The fluidized gas supply device of the present invention includes a fluidized steam supply unit 104 (104a, 104b, 104c), a dispersion plate 109, partition plates 118, 119, a steam supply line 121, branch lines 121a, 121b, 121c, a flow rate. It consists of regulating valves 122a, 122b, 122c and the like.

  The drying container 101 is configured as a plug flow system so that the supplied coal flows in the room. This extruding flow is a flow of extruding this coal in the fluidizing direction so that the coal does not diffuse in the fluidizing direction in the fluidized bed S.

  Further, the drying container 101 is provided with a plurality of heat transfer tubes 106, 107, and 108 that pass through the drying container 101 from outside and circulate in the fluidized beds S1, S2, and S3 in the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113, respectively. Has been. The heat transfer tubes 106, 107, and 108 are positioned so as to be embedded in the fluidized beds S1, S2, and S3, and the coal in the fluidized beds S1, S2, and S3 is heated and dried by the fluidized steam flowing inside. can do. In this case, the temperature of the heat transfer tubes 106, 107, 108 can be adjusted by changing the pressure of the supplied superheated steam.

  Therefore, the coal supplied to the first drying chamber 111 is fluidized by the fluidized steam here and dried by being heated by the heat transfer tube 106. Then, the coal initially dried in the first drying chamber 111 is moved to the second drying chamber 112 through the passage opening 116 at the lower portion of the partition plate 114, and is heated by the heat transfer tube 107 here. Dried. Then, the coal dried in the second stage in the second drying chamber 112 is moved to the third drying chamber 113 through the passage opening 117 at the lower part of the partition plate 115, where it is heated by the heat transfer tube 108 to be in the latter period. Dried.

  As a result, the coal forming the fluidized beds S1, S2, and S3 of the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113 sequentially moves between the fluidized beds S1, S2, and S3 from the upstream side through the passage openings 116 and 117. Therefore, it can be made an extruded flow and is dried without being diffused in the flow direction.

  Here, the entire operation of the fluidized bed drying apparatus 12 of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the fluidized bed drying device 12, coal is supplied to the drying container 101 from the coal inlet 102 and fluidized steam is supplied from the fluidized steam supply unit 104 through the dispersion plate 109, whereby the dispersion plate A fluidized bed S 1, S 2, S 3 having a predetermined thickness is formed above 109. The coal moves the fluidized beds S1, S2, S3 to the dry coal discharge port 103 side by the fluidized steam, and at this time, the coal is heated and dried by receiving heat from the heat transfer tubes 106, 107, 108.

  That is, when coal is supplied from the coal inlet 102, first, in the first drying chamber 111, fluidized steam is supplied from the fluidized steam supply unit 104a to the first wind chamber 110a. The first drying chamber 111 is supplied through 109 through holes. Therefore, the coal is dried while flowing in the fluidized bed S <b> 1 by receiving the fluidized steam and the heat from the heat transfer pipe 106.

  Next, the coal that has been initially dried in the first drying chamber 111 flows to the second drying chamber 112 through the passage opening 116 below the partition plate 114. In the second drying chamber 112, fluidized steam is supplied from the fluidized steam supply unit 104 b to the second wind chamber 110 b, and this fluidized steam is supplied to the second drying chamber 112 through each through hole of the dispersion plate 109. . Therefore, the coal is dried while flowing in the fluidized bed S2 by receiving the fluidized steam and the heat from the heat transfer tube 107. Then, the coal whose medium-term drying is finished in the second drying chamber 112 flows into the third drying chamber 113 through the passage opening 117 below the partition plate 115.

  In the third drying chamber 113, fluidized steam is supplied from the fluidized steam supply unit 104 c to the third wind chamber 110 c, and this fluidized steam is supplied to the third drying chamber 113 through each through hole of the dispersion plate 109. . Therefore, the coal is dried while flowing in the fluidized bed S3 by receiving the fluidized steam and the heat from the heat transfer tube. In this way, the coal flows in the fluidized beds S1, S2, S3 by the fluidized steam supplied while being heated by the heat transfer tubes 106, 107, 108, and does not diffuse in the flow direction as an extruded flow. Dried.

  In the coal drying process described above, in the first drying chamber 111, high-speed fluidized steam is ejected from the first wind chamber 110a through the dispersion plate 109 to the fluidized bed S1, so that the coal flows in the fluidized bed S1. dry. Then, the coal initially dried in the first drying chamber 111 flows into the second drying chamber 112 through the passage opening 116. When the coal in the first drying chamber 111 flows from the passage opening 116 to the second drying chamber 112, the first air chamber 110a is extended to the lower portion of the second drying chamber 112. Until the coal completely flows into the second drying chamber 112, the coal flows at a high superficial velocity. Therefore, the coal in the middle of drying does not decrease its flow velocity at the passage opening 116 and appropriately moves from the fluidized bed S1 to the fluidized bed S2 through the passage opening 116. Of coal is suppressed, and poor passage of coal at the passage opening 116 is prevented.

  After that, the coal that has passed through the passage opening 116 and moved to the second drying chamber 112 (fluidized bed S2) flows from above the first wind chamber 110a to above the second wind chamber 110b. Since it is a wide space of the drying chamber 112, even if the superficial velocity is reduced from a high speed to a medium speed, the coal can flow properly without stagnation.

  Further, in the second drying chamber 112, coal is dried while flowing in the fluidized bed S2 by jetting medium-speed fluidized steam from the second wind chamber 110b through the dispersion plate 109 to the fluidized bed S2. Then, the coal dried in the second period in the second drying chamber 112 flows into the third drying chamber 113 through the passage opening 117. When the coal in the second drying chamber 112 flows from the passage opening 117 to the third drying chamber 113, the second air chamber 110 b is extended to the lower portion of the third drying chamber 113. Until the coal completely flows into the third drying chamber 113, it flows at a medium superficial velocity. Therefore, the coal in the middle of drying does not decrease its flow rate at the passage opening 117 and appropriately moves from the fluidized bed S2 to the fluidized bed S3 through the passage opening 117. Of coal is suppressed, and poor passage of coal at the passage opening 117 is prevented.

  Thereafter, the coal that has passed through the passage opening 117 and moved to the third drying chamber 113 (fluidized bed S3) flows from above the second wind chamber 110b to above the third wind chamber 110c. Since it is a wide space of the drying chamber 113, even if the superficial velocity decreases from a high speed to a medium speed, the coal can flow properly without stagnation.

  Then, the dry coal from which the coal has been dried is discharged to the outside through the dry coal discharge port 103, and the steam generated by heating and drying the coal in the fluidized bed S rises together with the fluidized steam, and the dry coal discharge port It flows to the 103 side and is discharged to the outside from the gas discharge port 105.

  As described above, in the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present embodiment, a drying container 101 having a hollow shape and provided with a coal input port 102 on one end side and a dry coal discharge port 103 on the other end side, Are provided in the drying vessel 101 so as to be horizontally arranged, and the dispersion plate 109 that divides the upper drying chamber and the lower wind chamber 110 and the drying chamber are divided in the coal flow direction. A plurality of drying chambers 111, 112, 113 and partition plates 114, 115 in which coal passage openings 116, 117 are formed, and an air chamber 110 are divided in the coal flow direction to form a plurality of air chambers 110a. 110b, 110c and partition plates 118, 119 disposed downstream of the partition plates 114, 115 in the coal flow direction, and drying chambers 111, 112, 113 on the upstream side in the coal flow direction. Kazeshitsu 110a so that a high superficial velocity, 110b, are provided with fluidizing steam supply device for supplying a fluidizing steam to 110c.

  Therefore, for example, when the coal in the upstream first drying chamber 111 moves to the downstream second drying chamber 112 through the passage opening 116, the superficial velocity does not change, so Coal stagnation is suppressed, poor passage of coal at the passage opening 116 can be prevented, and the drying efficiency of coal can be improved. Similarly, when the coal in the second drying chamber 112 on the upstream side moves to the third drying chamber 113 on the downstream side through the passage opening 117, poor passage of coal in the passage opening 117 is prevented. The drying efficiency of can be improved.

  In this case, a plurality of wind chambers 110a, 110b, 110c are formed by the partition plates 118, 119, and the partition plates 118, 119 are arranged downstream of the partition plates 114, 115 in the coal flow direction. In the configuration, it is possible to prevent the superficial velocity from changing when the coal in the upstream drying chambers 111 and 112 moves to the downstream drying chambers 112 and 113 through the passage openings 116 and 117, and passes through. Coal stagnation at the openings 116 and 117 can be suppressed, and the structure can be simplified.

  In this embodiment, the number of the partition plates 114 and 115 and the partition plates 118 and 119 are the same. However, only the partition plates 114 and 115 and the partition plate 118 may be used, and the partition plate 119 may be omitted.

  In the above-described embodiment, the partition plate 118 is disposed with a predetermined distance L1 on the downstream side of the partition plate 114, and the partition plate 119 is disposed with a predetermined distance L2 on the downstream side of the partition plate 115. The predetermined distances L1 and L2 may be set depending on the form of the infiltrating fuel (coal) (particle size, moisture content, etc.), the opening areas of the passage openings 116 and 117, and the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the partition plates 118 and 119 and the flow rate adjusting valves 122a, 122b, and 122c are provided as the fluidizing gas supply device of the present invention. , 110b, 110c, the superficial velocity in each of the drying chambers 111, 112, 113 is changed by adjusting the amount of fluidized steam supplied, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, three wind chambers having different opening areas of the through holes of the dispersion plate 109 corresponding to the lower portions of the drying chambers 111, 112, and 113 are configured, and the drying chambers 111, 112, The opening area is set to be larger in the upstream wind chamber so that the superficial velocity of 113 becomes higher. In this case, a partition plate, a branch line, and a flow rate adjustment valve are not necessary.

  In the above-described embodiment, the inside of the drying container 101 is divided into three drying chambers 111, 112, and 113. However, two drying chambers or four or more drying chambers may be used. Further, the configuration and arrangement of the shape of the drying vessel 101, the coal inlet 102, the dry coal outlet 103, the fluidized steam supply unit 104, the gas outlet 105, and the heat transfer tubes 106, 107, 108 are limited to the respective embodiments. However, the fluidized bed drying device 12 can be changed as appropriate according to the installation location and application of the fluidized bed drying device 12.

  In the above-described embodiments, low-grade coal is used as the wet fuel, but even high-grade coal can be applied, and is not limited to coal, and can be used as a renewable organic organic resource. For example, it is also possible to use thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets or chips) using these as raw materials.

  In the above-described embodiment, the fluidized steam is supplied into the drying container 101. However, air or the like may be applied as the fluidized steam. In addition, although the passage openings 116 and 117 are provided in the middle portion of the partition plates 114 and 115 in the vertical direction, the passage openings 116 and 117 may be provided in the lower portion of the partition plates 114 and 115 in the vertical direction. It is not limited to the position of the parts 116 and 117.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Coal feeder 12 Fluidized bed dryer 13 Pulverized coal machine 14 Coal gasifier 15 Char recovery device 16 Gas refiner 17 Gas turbine equipment 18 Steam turbine equipment 19 Generator 20 Waste heat recovery boiler 101 Drying vessel 102 Coal input port 103 Dry coal discharge port 104, 104a, 104b, 104c Fluidized steam supply unit (fluidized gas supply device)
105 Gas exhaust port 106, 107, 108 Heat transfer tube 110 Air chamber (fluidized gas supply device)
110a First wind chamber (split wind chamber)
110b Second wind chamber (split wind chamber)
110c 3rd wind chamber (split wind chamber)
111 First drying chamber (split drying chamber)
112 Second drying chamber (split drying chamber)
113 Third drying chamber (split drying chamber)
114, 115 Partition plate (partition member)
116,117 Passing opening 118,119 Partition plate (compartment member, fluidized gas supply device)
121 Steam supply line (fluidized gas supply device)
121a, 121b, 121c Branch line (fluidized gas supply device)
122a, 122b, 122c Flow rate adjusting valve (fluidized gas supply device)
F, F1, F2, F3 Free board part S, S1, S2, S3 Fluidized bed

Claims (3)

A drying container having a hollow shape and provided with a wet fuel input part on one end side and a dry matter discharge part on the other end side;
A partition member in which the drying container is divided in the flow direction of the wet fuel to form a plurality of divided drying chambers and a wet fuel passage opening is formed;
A wind chamber capable of supplying a fluidizing gas having a higher superficial velocity toward the upstream side in the flow direction of the wet fuel from below the plurality of divided drying chambers, and the wind chamber is below the plurality of divided drying chambers. And a fluidizing gas supply device arranged to be shifted downstream in the flow direction of the wet fuel;
A fluidized bed drying apparatus comprising:   The drying container is divided into an upper divided drying chamber and a lower wind chamber by horizontally disposing a dispersion plate having a plurality of through holes, and the wind chamber is wet fuel by a partition member. 2. The plurality of divided air chambers are formed by being divided in the flow direction, and the partition member is arranged so as to be shifted downstream of the partition member in the flow direction of the wet fuel. Fluidized bed dryer.   In the drying container, three or more of the divided drying chambers are formed by the partition member, and the partition member is more humid than the partition member with respect to the partition member positioned on the most upstream side in the flow direction of the wet fuel. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the fluidized bed drying apparatus is disposed on the downstream side in the flow direction.

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