AU2009276160A1

AU2009276160A1 - Initiating device and its main control flow

Info

Publication number: AU2009276160A1
Application number: AU2009276160A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Huaping Lai; Fengguo Li; Xing Liu; Jinglong Yan; Xianyu Zhang
Original assignee: Beijing Ebtech Tech Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Ebtech Tech Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-07-28
Filing date: 2009-07-27
Publication date: 2010-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-27
Also published as: CN101324413A; CN101324413B; AU2009276160B2; WO2010012214A1; AU2009276160A8

Description

DISCRIPTIONS Initiating Device and its Main Control Flow Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of the detonation control technology of initiating device, in particular to an initiating device corresponding to the electronic detonator that can realize the basic functions such as bidirectional communication with the electronic detonator and igniting the electronic detonator, and the main control flow thereof. Background of the Invention Existing electric detonator initiating devices are commonly used in electric detonator networks connected in series or series-parallel. When thousands of electric detonators are connected in series, in order to ensure that all electric detonators in the network can be ignited at the same time, the electric detonator initiating device should be able to generate a current of one or more amperes instantaneously and the current must be larger than the series initiation current of every electric detonator, otherwise phenomena such as misfire or incomplete explosion will occur. The resistance of a single electric detonator is usually around one to several ohms, so a boosting circuit is necessary in the aforementioned initiating device, and the initiating device should have the ability to generate an output voltage of kilo-volts. Therefore the aforementioned initiating device may be dangerous in use to some extent. If thousands of electric detonators are to ignite in parallel, the output voltage of the aforementioned electric detonator initiating device is relatively lower, while the instantaneous output current will be very huge in a large electric detonator network, and it is difficult for a general electric detonator initiating device to have the ability to output a current 18 P41581 of kilo-amperes to meet the corresponding need. In addition, it is not easy to detect the network state of the parallel network, so that the phenomenon of no-fire will occur easily. Therefore a detonation network is commonly connected in series-parallel; however all the dangers mentioned above still exist. Electronic detonators come into being to overcome the aforementioned defects of the electric detonator and the initiating device thereof. Since the concept of the electronic detonator is put forward in 1980's, many countries in the world have started to compete in the field of electronic detonators and corresponding initiating devices. The electronic detonator, especially the digital electronic detonator, can realize the control of the initiating process by means of logic control and bidirectional communication, thereby avoiding illegal detonation. The electronic detonator can be ignited only under the control of the specialized initiating device. Therefore during the research on the electronic detonator, the present invention supplies an electronic detonator initiating device and the main control flows corresponding to the electronic detonator disclosed in Patent ZL03156912.9, Patent Application 200820111269.7 and 200820111270.X. Summary of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to solve various defects of the prior art described above and to provide an electronic detonator initiating device corresponding to the electronic detonator that can realize the basic functions such as bidirectional communication with the electronic detonator and igniting the electronic detonator. The technical purpose of the present invention is carried out according to the following technical solutions: An electronic detonator initiating device comprises: a control module, a man-machine interacting module, a power source managing module, a signal modulating and transmitting module, a signal demodulating and 19 P41581 receiving module, a set of signal bus, and a power source; the control module is connected to all the modules in the above modules and communicates with said other modules respectively, except the power source and the signal bus; the power source is connected to the power source managing module and the man-machine interacting module; the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module is connected to the man-machine interacting module, the control module, the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the signal demodulating and receiving module, and the power source managing module supplies power to the respective modules; the control terminal of the power source managing module is connected to the control module and communicates with the control module bi-directionally; a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals of the power source managing module are connected with the signal bus respectively; and the signal modulating and transmitting module and the signal demodulating and receiving module are connected in series between the communication voltage output terminal of the power source managing module and one wire in the signal bus; the man-machine interacting module is connected to another end of the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the power source supplies power to the signal modulating and transmitting module; another wire in the signal bus is connected to the other end of the signal modulating and transmitting module. A frame of the electronic detonator initiating device in the present invention is provided according to the technical solution described above which realizes the basic functions needed by the initiating device to ignite the electronic detonator, such as control of the initiation energy, management and control of the initiating process, and bidirectional communication with the electronic detonator. The modules in the technical solution mentioned above can be described one by one in detail as follows: 20 P41581 As one embodiment, the power source managing module includes an A/D converter, a D/A converter, and a voltage converting module. One end of the voltage converting module is connected with the power source; one end thereof extends to the exterior of the power source managing module to form the communication voltage output terminal of the power source managing module; the voltage converting module has another end which is connected to the D/A converter; the other one end of the voltage converting module is connected to the A/D converter and the D/A converter respectively within the power source managing module, and this end is also connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module, the man-machine interacting module, the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the control module at the exterior of the power source managing module simultanneously, forming the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module. One end of the A/D converter is connected with the voltage converting module and is powered by the voltage converting module; one end thereof is connected with the control module; the other two ends of the AID converter are connected to two wires in the signal bus respectively to form the communication voltage sampling terminals of the power source managing module. One end of the D/A converter is connected with the voltage converting module and is powered by the voltage converting module; another end of the D/A converter is connected to a further other end of the voltage converting module to send a communication voltage adjusting signal to the voltage converting module; and the other one end of the D/A converter is connected with the control module. The embodiment of the power source managing module realizes the function of predetermining and monitoring the communication voltage output by it. It can be ensured that the voltage of the initiating device is not high enough to ignite the electronic detonator during the preparation phase before detonation, by rendering the communication voltage lower than the safe 21 P41581 voltage of the electronic detonator, that is, lower than the lowest voltage required for igniting the electronic detonator, therefore the security of operating the electronic detonator before detonation can be ensured. The communication voltage mentioned above is far lower than the voltage required for igniting the electronic detonator, which further insures the security of the communication process between the initiating device and the electronic detonator. As another embodiment, the signal modulating and transmitting module includes a signal modulating module and a boosting module. One end of the boosting module is connected to the man-machine interacting module and the boosting module is powered by the power source via the man-machine interacting module; the other end of the boosting module is connected to the signal modulating module. A first terminal thereof is connected to the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module; a second terminal is connected with the boosting module; a third terminal is connected with the control module to receive control signals sent by the control module; and a fourth terminal thereof leads to a wire in the signal bus. A fifth terminal of the signal modulating module is connected to the communication voltage output terminal of the power source managing module and a sixth terminal is connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module; and alternatively, the fifth terminal of the signal modulating module is connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module, and the sixth terminal leads to the another wire in the signal bus. The boosting module in the signal modulating and transmitting module is used to generate the initiating voltage required for charging the storage unit in the electronic detonator. The signal modulating module is used to realize the switch of the voltage output to the signal bus by the initiating device, that is, the switch between the communication voltage and the initiating voltage, which allows the voltage of the signal bus respectively satisfying the different demands in the process of communication or charging 22 P41581 the electronic detonator. Therefore the management and control of the energy needed by the electronic detonator is realized: on the one hand, in the phase of communicating, the initiating device controls the voltage of the signal bus to be the communication voltage mentioned above, ensuring the security of the electronic detonator in the process of communication; on the other hand, in the phase of initiating, the initiating device switches the voltage of the signal bus to the high voltage output by the boosting module mentioned above, that is, the aforementioned initiating voltage, therefore it can be ensured that the electronic detonator can obtain enough energy for reliable initiating. The signal modulating module also realizes data modulation when the present initiating device transmits data to the electronic detonator, through which the direct current carrier communication between the initiating device and the electronic detonator is realized. As another embodiment, the signal demodulating and receiving module includes a signal sampling module and a signal conditioning circuit. One end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; another end thereof is connected to the control module, to send data to the control module; the other end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with a seventh terminal of the signal sampling module. And an eighth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected with the signal modulating module in the signal modulating and transmitting module, and a ninth terminal of the signal sampling module leads to the signal bus; alternatively, the eighth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected with the communication voltage output terminal, and the ninth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected to the signal modulating module in the signal modulating and transmitting module. The signal sampling module mentioned above can be a resistor, the two ends of the resistor are connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and a wire in the signal bus respectively; 23 P41581 alternatively the two ends of the resistor are further connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and the communication voltage output terminal respectively. The two ends of the resistor are also connected to the signal conditioning circuit respectively. The embodiment that uses a resistor to form the sampling module is simple to realize. In addition, the resistor is a passive element and it will not generate extra noises when sampling. When there is current on the signal bus, there will be some voltage drop between the two ends of the resistor. The voltage drop will change linearly along with the current change on the signal bus, so the change of the voltage drop input into the signal conditioning circuit can represent the current change on the signal bus, and thereby further express the information transmitted from the electronic detonator. The signal sampling module mentioned above also can be an electromagnetic coupler, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and a wire in the signal bus; alternatively, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and the communication voltage output terminal. The secondary coil of the electromagnetic coupler is connected to the signal conditioning circuit. The electromagnetic coupler can be considered essentially as the inductance connected in the signal bus and it extracts the change of the information on the signal bus. The inductance is a storage element, and it will generate some extra noises when sampling; but when the signal bus becomes steady, the impedance of the inductance will be zero, and there will be no voltage drop, so the excursion of the baseline can be avoided. The signal conditioning circuit mentioned above can include a filter circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a comparator. One end of the filter 24 P41581 circuit is connected with the signal sampling module to receive the data sent by the signal sampling module; the other end of the filter circuit is connected to the amplifier circuit. One end of the amplifier circuit is connected with the filter circuit; another end thereof is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module; and the other end of the amplifier circuit is connected to the comparator. One end of the comparator is connected to the control module; another end thereof is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module; and the other one end of the comparator is connected with the amplifier circuit. The connecting sequence of the filter circuit and the amplifier circuit in the signal conditioning circuit can be interchanged equivalently. Schmitt comparator is a better choice for the comparator mentioned above. The signal conditioning circuit realizes the conversion of analog signals into digital signals, and the corresponding characteristics of the conversion are better, so it is an A/D converting mode which is easy to realize. In addition, the Schmitt comparator performs better in anti-jamming. As another embodiment, the man-machine interacting module includes a setting and displaying device, an authorization device, a locking device, and a misoperation preventing switch; wherein one end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module, and the other end is connected with the control module. One end of the authorization device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module, and the other end of the authorization device is connected with the control module. One end of the locking device is connected with the power source, and the other end of the locking device is connected to the boosting module, and the power source supplys power to the boosting module via the 25 P41581 locking device. One end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module, and the other end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the control module. Or, the man-machine interacting module comprises a setting and displaying device, and the setting and displaying device further includes an input module and a display module. One end of the input module is connected with one end of the display module, and they are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module. The other end of the input module is connected to the control module, to send data to the control module. The other end of the display module is connected with the control module, to receive data sent by the control module. Or, the man-machine interacting module comprises an authorization device and a setting and displaying device. One end of the authorization device is connected with one end of the setting and displaying device, and they are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module. The other end of the authorization device is connected with the control module; and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module. Or, the man-machine interacting module comprises a locking device and a setting and displaying device. One end of the locking device is connected with the power source; the other end of the locking device is connected to the boosting module, and the power source supplies power to the boosting module via the locking device. One end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source 26 P41581 managing module; and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module. Or, the man-machine interacting module comprises a misoperation preventing switch and a setting and displaying device. One end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with one end of the setting and displaying device, and they are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module, powered by the power source managing module. The other end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the control module. The other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module. In all aforementioned embodiments of the man-machine interacting module, the setting and displaying device is an indispensable component for the man-machine interacting module to realize its basic functions. The use of the authorization device can effectively avoid illegal use of the initiating device, and therefore illegal use of the electronic detonator can also be avoided radically. The use of the locking device can further avoid illegal initiation of the electronic detonator, that is, when using the initiating device, even if the user has obtained the authorization information mentioned above and the initiating device has entered into a normal use state, the user still can not ignite the electronic detonator without a corresponding device which is used to turn on the locking device. By controlling the boosting module on or not, the charging process of the storage unit in the electronic detonator can be controlled , as well as illegal use of the electronic detonator. The use of the misoperation preventing switch can avoid unexpected initiation of the electronic detonator that results from misoperation of the initiating device, thus further enhancing the safety in using the initiating device in the present invention. A logic encryption chip or encryption system is a better choice for the authorization device. The locking device mentioned above is better to include a mechanical lock and a key suitable to the mechanical lock. The 27 P41581 misoperation preventing switch mentioned above is better to comprise two non-self-locking button switches. A main control flow of the initiating device without the authorization device is also provided in the present invention, and the main control flow includes the following steps: step 1, turning on the initiating device; step 2, the initiating device performing the initialization, including initializing the control module and initializing the man-machine interacting module; step 3, starting a communication voltage managing process during which the control module begins to manage the power source managing module; step 4, detecting, by the control module, the output of the man-machine interacting module, and performing system scheduling, wherein: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, it continues with step 5; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, it continues with step 10; if the signal for performing an initiatingtask is detected, it continues with step 12; if the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, it continues with step 15; otherwise, the control module continues detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module; step 5, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; step 6, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; step 7, the control module, after the signal transmitting process ends, judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction in the data sent, wherein: if the instruction is a single instruction, it continues with step 8 to perform the data receiving 28 P41581 task; if the instruction is a global instruction, it returns to step 4 without performing the data receiving task; step 8, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module receives data from the electronic detonator via the signal bus; step 9, the control module, after the signal receiving process ends, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus back to the bus voltage that is performed before step 5; then returning to step 4; step 10, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus; step 11, going back to step 4, after the charging process ends; step 12, detecting, by the control module, whether the charging process is finished wherein: if the charging process is finished, continuing with step 13; and if not, it goes back to step 4; step 13, starting an initiating process during which the control module, via the signal bus, sends to the electronic detonator an initiating instruction of controlling the initiating of the electronic detonator; step 14, going back to step 4 after the initiating process ends; step 15, turning off the initiating device and ending the main control flow of the initiating device. A main control flow of the initiating device including the authorization device is also provided in the present invention, and the main control flow includes the following steps: the 1 step, turning on the initiating device; the 2 nd step, performing, by the initiating device, the initialization, including initializing the control module and initializing the man-machine interacting module; the 3 rd step, reading, by the control module, the authorization information stored in the authorization device, with the authorization information includes a user name and a password; 29 P41581 the 4 th step, prompting, by the control module via the setting and displaying device in the man-machine interacting module, the user to input some information for authorization; the 5 th step, comparing, by the control module, the authorization information read from the authorization device with the information input through the setting and displaying device for authorization,: if the latter authorization information is the same as the former authorization information, it continues with the 6 th step; if not, going back to the 4 'h step; the 6 th step, starting a communication voltage managing process, during which the control module begins to manage the power source managing module; the 7 th step, detecting, by the control module the output of the man-machine interacting module, and performing system scheduling: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, it continues with the 8 th step; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, it continues with the 13 th step; if the signal for performing an initiating task is detected, it continues with the 15 th step; if the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, it continues with the 18 th step; and otherwise, the control modeul continuing with detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module; the 8 th step, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; the 9 th step, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; the 1 0 1h step, the control module, after the signal transmitting process ends, judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction in the data: if the instruction is a single instruction, it performs the data receiving task and continues with 30 P41581 the 11'h step to; if the instruction is a global instruction, it goes back to the 7th step without performing the data receiving task; the 1 Ith step, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module receives data from the electronic detonator direction via the signal bus; the 12 th step, the control module, after the signal receiving process ends, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus back to the bus voltage performed before the 8 'h step; then going back to the 7 th step; the 13 th step, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus; the 14 th step, going back to the 7 th step after the charging process ends; the 15 th step, detecting, by the control module, whether the charging process is finished: if the charging process is finished, continues with the 16 'h step; and if not, it goes back to the 7 th step; the 16 th step, starting an initiating process during which the control module, via the signal bus, sends to the electronic detonator an initiating instruction of controlling the initiating of the electronic detonator; the 1 7 th step, going back to the 7 th step after the initiating process ends; the 1 8 th step, turning off the initiating device and ending the main control flow of the present initiating device. The communication voltage managing process in step 3 and the 6 th step mentioned above is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Al, initializing the present process, wherein the control module transfers initial values of the following variables in its built-in programs into its cache, so that the cache receives the initial value DATAo of the voltage setting variable DATA, the data expression value Vo of the predetermined communication voltage value, and the predetermined communication 31 P41581 voltage adjusting period T; step A2, performing a communication voltage adjusting process; step A3, detecting, after the communication voltage process ends, whether the signal to finish the communication voltage managing process is received, wherein: if YES, it ends the present communication voltage managing process; and if NO, it continues with step A4; step A4, detecting whether runtime of the present process has reached the predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T: if YES, it go back to step A2; and if NO,it continues with the detection. The value of the voltage setting variable DATA that renders the D/A converter output its maximum voltage or minimum voltage is chosen as the initial value DATAO of the voltage setting variable DATA. So that it can be ensured that the initial voltage output by the communication voltage output terminal of the power source managing module is the lowest, thus the safety in the process of communication between the initiating device and the electronic detonator can be assured reliably. The communication voltage adjusting process in step A2 mentioned above can be carried out in accordance with the following steps: step BI, reading the data expression values of the voltage of two signal bus that are sampled by the A/D converter, and indicating the values as a symbol Vi and a symbol V 2 respectively; step B2, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the V, and the V 2 , and indicating the result as a symbol V'; step B3, calculating the difference AV of the Vo and the V; step B4, calculating the adjusting value f(AV) of the communication voltage by taking the AV as an input parameter; step B5, adding the voltage setting variable DATA and the adjusting value f(!V) of the communication voltage together, and obtaining in an adjusted value DATA of the voltage setting variable, that is, DATA=DATA+f(AV); 32 P41581 step B6, sending the adjusted value DATA to the D/A converter; and step B7, ending the communication voltage adjusting process. The signal transmitting process in step 6 and the 9 th step mentioned above can be carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Cl, indicating the number of digits of the data to be sent in the data package as a symbol N; step C2, reading one digit of the data to be sent from the data package and regarding the data to be sent as a beginning point of the sending data of the data package; step C3, if the present digit to be sent is detected to be '1', controlling the signal modulating and transmitting module to output a modulating signal which expresses the data '1'; and if the present digit to be sent is detected to be '0', controlling the signal modulating and transmitting module to output a modulating signal which expresses the data '0'; step C4, subtracting I from the number N of digits of the data to be sent in the data package, and regarding the result to be a new number of digits of the data to be sent, that is, N=N-1; and step C5, detecting whether the number N of the digits of the data to be sent in the data package is zero: if the number N is zero, it ends the present signal transmitting process; otherwise, selecting and reading the next data to be sent in the data package according to a predetermined rule of selecting the next data to be sent, then going back to step C3. The signal receiving process in step 8 and the 1 1 h step mentioned above is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Dl, calling a predetermined signal receiving overtime value T' from the control module; step D2, detecting whether the time during which the control module receives data sent from the electronic detonator direction reaches the predetermined signal receiving overtime value T' wherein: if the 33 P41581 judgment is YES, it ends the present signal receiving process; if NONO, it continues with step D3; and step D3, detecting whether the control module has received serial signals sent by the signal conditioning circuit, wherein: if the judgment is YES, it samples the serial signals and receives information of the electronic detonator, then goes back to step D2; and if NO, it goes back to step D2 directly. The charging process in step 10 and the 13th step mentioned above can be carried out in accordance with the following steps: first, the control module controlling the signal modulating module to switch the voltage of the signal bus to the initiating voltage that is needed by the changing of the storage unit in the electronic detonator; second, the control module detecting whether the charging is finished: if the judgment is YES, it ends the charging process; if NO, it continues to charge. The initiating process in step 13 and the 16 th step mentioned above can be carried out in accordance with the following steps: first, the control module detects whether the misoperation preventing switch in the man-machine interacting module is conducted and has been conducted for the predetermined seconds, wherein: if the misoperation preventing switch has been closed for the predetermined seconds value, the control module controls the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; and if the misoperation preventing switch is not closed, or has not been closed for predetermined seconds, it ends the present initiating process; second, starting the signal transmitting process during which the initiating instruction is sent to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; and third, the control module controlling the signal modulating module 34 P41581 to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the initiating voltage; then ending the present initiating process. Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. I-I is an integral block diagram of the initiating device according to the invention; FIG. 1 -2 is another integral block diagram of the initiating device according to the invention; FIG.2 is a composition diagram of the power source managing module according to the invention; FIG.3-1 is a composition diagram of the signal modulating and transmitting module with the communication voltage output terminal connected to it according to the invention; FIG.3-2 is a composition diagram of the signal modulating and transmitting module with the communication voltage output terminal connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module according to the invention; FIG.4 is a composition diagram of the signal demodulating and receiving module according to the invention; FIG.5 is a diagram of the embodiment of the signal sampling module consisting of a resistor according to the invention; FIG.6 is a diagram of the embodiment of the signal sampling module consisting of an electromagnetic coupler according to the invention; FIG.7 is a diagram of the embodiment of the signal conditioning circuit according to the invention; FIG.8-1 is a diagram of the embodiment of the man-machine interacting module according to the invention; FIG.8-2 is a diagram of the embodiment of the man-machine interacting module consisting of a setting and displaying device 35 P41581 according to the invention; FIG.8-3 is a diagram of the embodiment of the man-machine interacting module including an authorization device according to the invention; FIG.8-4 is a diagram of the embodiment of the man-machine interacting module including a locking device according to the invention; FIG.8-5 is a diagram of the embodiment of the man-machine interacting module including a misoperation preventing switch according to the invention; FIG.9-1 is a main control flow of the initiating device according to the invention; FIG.9-2 is a main control flow of the initiating device including an authorization device according to the invention; FIG.1O is a flow chart of the communication voltage managing process according to the invention; FIG.1l is a flow chart of the communication voltage adjusting process according to the invention; FIG.12 is a flow chart of the signal transmitting process according to the invention; FIG.13 is a flow chart of the signal receiving process according to the invention; FIG.14 is a flow chart of the charging process according to the invention; FIG.15 is a flow chart of the initiating process according to the invention. Detailed Description of Embodiments The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in more details with reference to accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG.1-1 and FIG.1-2, an electronic detonator initiating 36 P41581 device corresponding to the electronic detonator disclosed in the Patent ZL03156912.9, the Patent Application 200820111269.7, or the Patent Application 200820111270.X includes a control module 101, a man-machine interacting module 102, a power source managing module 104, a signal modulating and transmitting module 103, a signal demodulating and receiving module 105, a set of signal bus 106, and a power source 107. The detailed connections are described as follows: 1. The control module 101 is connected to all the modules mentioned above except the power source 107 and the signal bus 106, and the control module 101 communicates with them respectively. The control module 101 harmonizes and controls their working state according to the information received from these modules. The power source 107 is connected to the power source managing module 104, supplying working power to the initiating device, and also suppling working power to the electronic detonator through the signal bus 106. The power source 107 further connects to the man-machine interacting module 102, supplying power to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 under the control of the man-machine interacting module 102, thus supplying initiating voltage needed by the detonation network to ignite the electronic detonator. The signal bus 106 can be further composed of two nondistinctive leads which are used to connect the initiating device and the electronic detonator so as to realize power supply from the initiating device to the electronic detonator and communication between the initiating device and the electronic detonator. 2. The power source managing module 104 is used to generate the working voltage needed by the initiating device to work normally and the communication voltage needed by the initiating device to communicate with the electronic detonator. The operating voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104 is connected to the 37 P41581 man-machine interacting module 102, the control module 101, the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, and the signal demodulating and receiving module 105, and the power source managing module 104 supplies power for these modules. The signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and the signal demodulating and receiving module are connected in series between the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104 and one part of the signal bus 106. A pair of communication voltage sampling terminals 804 of the power source managing module 104 are connected with the signal bus 106 respectively; the power source managing module 104 samples the voltage of the signal bus 106 and adjusts the voltage output by the communication voltage output terminal 801 under the control of the control module 101 according to the sampling results. The control terminal 803 of the power source managing module 104 is connected to the control module 101, communicating with the control module 101 bi-directionally; that is, the power source managing module 104 transmits the sampling results of the voltage of signal bus 106 to the control module 101 and receives the control information from the control module 101 to realize the adjustment of the communication voltage output by the communication voltage output terminal 801. 3. The man-machine interacting module 102, through which the power source 107 supplies power to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, is connected to another end of the signal modulating and transmitting module 103. The other part of the signal bus 106 is connected to the other end of the signal modulating and transmitting module 103. In the embodiments showed in FIG.1-1 and FIG.1-2, FIG.l-1 shows the embodiment in which the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104 is directly connected to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, while FIG.1-2 shows the embodiment in which the communication voltage output terminal 801 of 38 P41581 the power source managing module 104 is directly connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module 105. These two connecting modes correspond to different embodiments of the internal components of the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and the signal demodulating and receiving module 105, and the two connecting modes in the integral block diagrams can both realize bidirectional communication between the present initiating device and the electronic detonator. As shown in FIG.2, the power source managing module 104 includes an A/D converter 111, a D/A converter 112, and a voltage converting module 113; The detailed connections are described as follows: 1. One end of the voltage converting module 113 is connected with the power source 107, receiving the power supplied by the power source 107. One end extends to the exterior of the power source managing module 104, forming the communication voltage output terminal 801. Another end is connected to the D/A converter 112 to receive the signal output by the D/A converter 112, thus adjusting the voltage output by the communication voltage output terminal 801. And the other end of the voltage converting module 113 is connected to the A/D converter 111 and the D/A converter 112 respectively supplying working power to the A/D converter 111 and the D/A converter 112 which includes the benchmark reference power needed by the A/D converter I 11 and the D/A converter 112 to realize the function of conversion; at the same time, as the operating voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104, this end of the voltage converting module 113 is also connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module 105, the man-machine interacting module 102, the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, and the control module 101 at the exterior of the power source managing module 104, supplying working power to all modules mentioned above. These modules may need one or more 39 P41581 working power supplies with different voltage, for example, the control module 101 composed of DSP, FPGA and/or ARM etc. needs voltage such as kernel operating voltage and input/output interface voltage etc. 2. One end of the A/D converter 111 is connected with the operating voltage output terminal 802, one end is connected with the control module 101; the other two ends of the A/D converter 111 are connected to the signal bus 106 respectively, forming the communication voltage sampling terminals 804; The A/D converter 111 is used to convert the analog voltage signals on the signal bus 106 to the digital voltage signals that the control module 101 can identify under the control of the control module 101, and transmit the digital voltage signals to the control module 101. 3. One end of the D/A converter 11 2 is connected with the operating voltage output terminal 802, one end is connected to the other end of the voltage converting module 113, sending a communication voltage adjusting signal to the voltage converting module 113; and the other end of the D/A converter 112 is connected with the control module 101. The D/A converter 112 is used to receive the result of the sampling information of the voltage signals on the signal bus 106 processed by the control module 101, and the processed result is converted to an analog voltage signal, that is, the communication voltage adjusting signal mentioned above, by the D/A converter 112, and the analog voltage signal is provided to the voltage converting module 113 to adjust the output of the communication voltage. The communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104 can be connected to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 or the signal demodulating and receiving module 105 at the exterior of the power source managing module 104. Wherein FIG.2 shows the embodiment that the communication voltage output terminal 801 is connected to the signal modulating and 40 P41581 transmitting module 103 which is corresponding to the integral block diagram of FIG.1-1. As shown in FIG.3-1 and FIG.3-2, the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 further includes a signal modulating module 131 and a boosting module 132. One end of the boosting module 132 is connected to the man-machine interacting module 102, being powered by the power source 107 via the man-machine interacting module 102 and generating the voltage which is the initiating voltage to ignite the electronic detonator. The other end of the boosting module 132 is connected to the signal modulating module 131; and when it is needed to charge the storage unit in the electronic detonator, the signal modulating module 131 switches the voltage of the signal bus 106 to the initiating voltage output by the boosting module 132 under the control of the control module 101. A terminal 1 of the signal modulating module 131 is connected to the operating voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104, a terminal 2 is connected with the boosting module 132, a terminal 3 is connected with the control module 101 to receive control signals sent by the control module 101. A terminal 4 of the signal modulating module 131 leads to one of the signal bus 106; The signal modulating module 131 still includes a terminal 5 and a terminal 6, and in the embodiment shown in FIG.3-1, the terminal 5 of the signal modulating module 131 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104, and the terminal 6 is connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module 105, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-1. In addition, or, the terminal 5 of the signal modulating module 131 also can be connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module 105, and the terminal 6 can lead to the other of the signal bus 106, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-2, as shown in FIG.3-2. The signal modulating module 131 is used to realize the switch of the voltage output to the 41 P41581 signal bus 106 according to the control signal of the control module 101, that is, when it is needed to ignite the electronic detonator, the voltage of the signal bus 106 is switched to the initiating voltage output by the boosting module 132, while when it is needed to communicate with the electronic detonator, the voltage of the signal bus 106 is switched to the communication voltage output by the power source managing module 104. As shown in FIG.4, the signal demodulating and receiving module 105 includes a signal sampling module 152 and a signal conditioning circuit 153. One end of the signal conditioning circuit 153 is connected with the operating voltage output terminal 802; another end is connected to the control module 101, sending data to the control module 101; the other end of the signal conditioning circuit 153 is connected with a terminal 7 of the signal sampling module 152. The signal sampling module 152 still includes a terminal 8 and a terminal 9: in the embodiment shown in FIG.4, a terminal 8 of the signal sampling module 152 is connected with the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, and a terminal 9 of the signal sampling module 152 leads to the signal bus 106, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-1. In addition, the terminal 8 of the signal sampling module 152 is connected with the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104, and the terminal 9 of the signal sampling module 152 is connected to the signal modulating module 131 in the signal modulating and transmitting module 103, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-2. The signal sampling module 152 mentioned above is used to extract the digital information loaded on the signal bus 106 in the electronic detonator detonation network so as to obtain the signal transmitted from the electronic detonator; the signal conditioning circuit 153 is used to process the analog signals output by the signal sampling module 152, thereby converting the analog signals into the digital signals that the control module 10 1 can identify. 42 P41581 As shown in FIG.5, the signal sampling module 152 is a resistor 158. In the embodiment shown in FIG.5, the two ends of the resistor 158 are connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and one part of the signal bus 106 respectively, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-1. In addition, the two ends of the resistor also can be connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104 respectively, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-2. The two ends of the resistor 158 are also connected to the signal conditioning circuit 153 respectively. As shown in FIG.6, the signal sampling module 152 is an electromagnetic coupler 155. In the embodiment shown in FIG.6, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler 155 are respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and one of the signal bus 106, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-1. In addition, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler 155 also can be respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 and the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104, corresponding to the integral block diagram shown in FIG.1-2. The secondary coil of the electromagnetic coupler 155 is connected to the signal conditioning circuit 153. An air core transformer or a magnetic core transformer can be chosen as the electromagnetic coupler 155 mentioned above, and the magnetic core transformer may be a better choice. As shown in FIG.7, the signal conditioning circuit 153 includes a filter circuit 161, an amplifier circuit 162, and a comparator 163. One end of the filter circuit 161 is connected with the signal sampling module 152, receiving the analog signals transmitted by the signal sampling module 152 and extracted from the signal bus 106 to which the electronic 43 P41581 detonator is connected. The other end of the filter circuit 161 is connected to the amplifier circuit 162 to provide the analog signals representing the available information in which noises have been filtrated to the amplifier circuit 162. One end of the amplifier circuit 162 is connected with the filter circuit 161, one end is connected with the operating voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104, and the other end of the amplifier circuit 162 is connected to the comparator 163. One end of the comparator 163 is connected to the control module 101, one end is connected with the operating voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104, and the other end is connected with the amplifier circuit 162. The comparator 163 converts the analog signals output by the amplifier circuit 162 to the digital signals, thereby transmitting the digital signals to the control module 101. Schmitt comparator 163 is a better choice for the comparator 163 mentioned above, thereby enhancing the anti-jamming performance in the process of signal converting. In the signal conditioning circuit 153, the processing of the analog signals output by the signal sampling module 152 can be carried out in the way of filtering first and amplifying second, as the embodiment shown in FIG.7, as well as the way of amplifying first and filtering second. The two ways are equivalent. As shown in FIG.8-1, the man-machine interacting module 102 includes a setting and displaying device 123, an authorization device 121, a locking device 122, and a misoperation preventing switch 124. As shown in FIG.8-2, one end of the setting and displaying device 123 is connected with the power source managing module 104; the other end is connected with the control module 101. The setting and displaying device 123 can further include an input module 141 and a display module 142. One end of the input module 141 is connected with one end of the display module 142, and they are jointly connected to the operating 44 P41581 voltage output terminal 802 of the power source managing module 104. The other end of the input module 141 is connected to the control module 101, sending data to the control module 101. The other end of the display module 142 is connected with the control module 101, receiving data sent by the control module 101. The power source 107 supplies power to the boosting module 132 through a directly connected lead inside the man-machine interacting module 102. A keyboard-input device can be chosen as the input module 141 mentioned above, and a display device such as LED or LCD can be chosen as the display module 142, which are used to realize information interaction between the present initiating device and the operator thereof, as shown in FIG.8-2. Among all components of the man-machine interacting module 102 shown in FIG.8-1, the setting and displaying device 123 is an essential component to realize the basic function of man-machine interaction. The embodiments shown in FIG.8-3, FIG.8-4, and FIG.8-5 are respectively corresponding to the embodiments that the man-machine interacting module 102 further includes an authorization device 121, a locking device 122, or a misoperation preventing switch 124. As shown in FIG.8-3, one end of the authorization device 121 is connected with the power source managing module 104; the other end is connected with the control module 101. The authorization device 121 is composed of a storage card which stores the authorization information and a data interface corresponding to the storage card and fixed on the present initiating device. The storage card mentioned above is used to store the authorization information corresponding to legal use of the present initiating device and the authorization information may include a user name and a password, and may also include some biological recognition information corresponding to the legal operator of the present initiating device, such as fingerprints and irises. A digital encryption card such as an IC card may be chosen as the storage card mentioned above, 45 P41581 and the authorization information stored in it is read by the control module 101, compared and processed by the control module 101 as well. As shown in FIG.8-4, one end of the locking device 122 is connected with the power source 107; the other end of the locking device 122 is connected to the boosting module 132, with the power source 107 supplying power to the boosting module 132 via the locking device 122. The energy used to ignite the electronic detonator is controlled to generate or not by locking or unlocking the locking device 122 via the external mechanical device. The initiating device including both the authorization device 121 and the locking device 122 may realize normal use of the present initiating device and normal detonation of the electronic detonator only if the storage card in the authorization device 121 mentioned above and the external mechanical device in the locking device 122 are ready at the same time. Therefore keeping the storage card and the external mechanical device respectively can further realize safe management of the electronic detonator detonation. As shown in FIG.8-5, one end of the misoperation preventing switch 124 is connected with the power source managing module 104; the other end is connected with the control module 101. Two independent buttons can be chosen as the misoperation preventing switch 124 commonly. When it is needed to ignite the electronic detonator, the initiation signals used to ignite the electronic detonator can be generated only if the two buttons are pressed down simultaneously and persist for a predetermined period of time; thereby avoiding unexpected detonation resulting from misoperation in the process of operating the initiating device. A logic encryption chip or system is a better choice for the authorization device 121 mentioned above. The locking device 122 mentioned above is better to include a mechanical lock and the key to it. The misoperation preventing switch 124 mentioned above is better to include two non-self-locking button switches. 46 P41581 As shown in FIG.9-1, a main control flow of the initiating device is also disclosed in the present invention, including the following steps: step 1, turning on the initiating device; step 2, the initiating device performing the initialization, including initializing the control module 101 and initializing the man-machine interacting module 102; step 3, starting a communication voltage managing process, the control module 101 beginning to manage the power source managing module 104; step 4, the control module 101 detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module 102, and performing system scheduling: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, continuing with step 5; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, continuing with step 10; if the signal for performing an initiating task is detected, continuing with step 12; if the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, continuing with step 15; if not, continuing detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module 102; step 5, controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus 106 to the communication voltage; step 6, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module 101 transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus 106; step 7, after the signal transmitting process ends, the control module 101 judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction included in the data sent to the electronic detonator: if the instruction is a single instruction, continuing with step 8 to perform the data receiving task; if the instruction is a global instruction, returning to step 4 without performing the data receiving task; 47 P41581 step 8, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module 101 receives data from the electronic detonator via the signal bus 106; step 9, after the signal receiving process ends, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus 106 back to the bus voltage that is before step 5 is performed; then returning to step 4; step 10, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus 106; step 11, after the charging process ends, going back to step 4; step 12, the control module 101 detecting whether the charging process is complete: if the charging process is complete, continuing with step 13; if not, going back to step 4; step 13, starting an initiating process during which the control module 101 sends an initiating instruction via the signal bus 106 to the electronic detonator to control the detonator's initiating; step 14, after the initiating process ends, going back to step 4; step 15, turning off the initiating device and ending the main control flow of it. The electronic detonator initiating device performs the aforementioned main control flow shown in FIG.9-1, thus realizing communication with the electronic detonator and control of reliable initiation of the electronic detonator. When the initialization is complete, the initiating device starts the communication voltage managing process firstly, adjusting the voltage output to the signal bus 106 to the communication voltage in order to ensure the safety when communicating with the electronic detonator. Secondly, the initiating device performs tasks such as the data transmitting task, the detonation network charging task, the initiating task, or the turn-off task according to the indication given by the operator via the man-machine interacting 48 P41581 module 102 so as to control the processes of preparation before detonation and the detonation. As shown in FIG.9-2, a main control flow of the initiating device including an authorization device 121 is also disclosed in the present invention, including: the Is step, turning on the initiating device; the 2 nd step, the initiating device performing the initialization, including initializing the control module 101 and initializing the man-machine interacting module 102; the 3 rd step, the control module 101 reading the authorization information stored in the authorization device 121, while the authorization information includes a user name and a corresponding password; the 4 th step, the control module 101 prompting the user to input some information for authorization via the setting and displaying device 123 in the man-machine interacting module 102; the 5 1h step, the control module 101 comparing the authorization information read from the authorization device 121 with the information input from the setting and displaying device 123 for authorization: if the latter information is compared to be the same as the former authorization information, continuing with the 6 th step; if not, going back to the 4 th step; the 6 th step, starting a communication voltage managing process, the control module 101 beginning to manage the power source managing module 104; the 7 th step, the control module 101 detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module 102, and performing system scheduling: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, continuing with the 8 th step; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, continuing with the 13 th step; if the signal for performing an initiating task is detected, continuing with the 15 th step; if 49 P41581 the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, continuing with the 8 th stepeen; if not, continuing detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module 102; the 8 th step, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus 106 to the communication voltage; the 9 th step, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module 101 transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus 106; the 10 th step, after the signal transmitting process ends, the control module 101 judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction included in the data sent to the electronic detonator: if the instruction is a single instruction, continuing with the 1 Ith step to perform the data receiving task; if the instruction is a global instruction, going back to the 7 th step without performing the data receiving task; the 1 Ith step, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module 101 receives data from the electronic detonator via the signal bus 106; the 12 th step, after the signal receiving process ends, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus 106 back to the bus voltage before the 8 th step is performed; then going back to the 7 th step; the 1 3 th step, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus 106; the 14 th step, after the charging process ends, going back to the 7 h step; the 15 th step, the control module 101 detecting whether the charging process is complete: if the charging process is finished, continuing with the 16 th step; if not, going back to the 7 th step; 50 P41581 the 16 th step, starting an initiating process during which the control module 101 sends an initiating instruction via the signal bus 106 to the electronic detonator to control the detonator's initiating; the 17 1h step, after the initiating process ends, going back to the 7 th step; the 18 th step, turning off the initiating device and ending the main control flow of it. Based on the main control flow shown in FIG.9-l, steps of comparing the authorization information after the initialization are added to the main control flow shown in FIG.9-2. It is needed to compare the authorization information after the initiating device is turned on when using the initiating device including the authorization device 121. The operators can operate the initiating device normally only if the information input for authorization corresponds with the authorization information in the authorization device 121, thereby the initiating process is controlled. So legality of the initiating device operating can be assured, as well as the legality of the electronic detonator operating. As shown in FIG.10, the communication voltage managing process in step 3 and the 6 1h step mentioned above is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Al, initializing the present process, that is, the control module 101 transfers initial values of the following variables in its built-in programs into its cache, so that the cache receives the initial value DATAO of the voltage setting variable DATA, the data expression value Vo of the predetermined communication voltage, and the predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T; step A2, performing a communication voltage adjusting process during which the voltage of the signal bus 106 is adjusted to the communication voltage. step A3, after the communication voltage adjusting process ends, 51 P41581 detecting whether the signal to finish the communication voltage managing process is received: if the signal is received, ending the communication voltage managing process; if not, continuing with step A4; step A4, detecting whether runtime of the present process has reached the predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T: if the judgement is YES, going back to step A2; if not, continuing to detect. the initial value DATAO of the voltage setting variable DATA is set such that the D/A converter 112 output the voltage setting variable DATA of its maximum voltage value or minimum voltage value. The voltage output by the communication voltage output terminal 801 of the power source managing module 104 is ensured to be the lowest, thus reliably ensuring the safety of the communication between the initiating device and the electronic detonator. The safety of the communication between the initiating device and the electronic detonator can be further assured by setting a predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T and adjusting the output voltage of the signal bus 106 for every predetermined period. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication voltage adjusting process in step A2 mentioned above is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step BI, reading the data expression values of the voltage of the signal bus 106 that are sampled by the A/D converter 111, indicating the values as a symbol V 1 and a symbol V 2 respectively; step B2, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the VI and the V 2 , indicating the result as a symbol V'; step B3, calculating the difference of the Vo and the V , indicating the result as a symbol AV; step B4, calculating the adjusting value f(AV) of the communication voltage by taking the AV as an input parameter; step B5, adding the voltage setting variable DATA and the adjusting 52 P41581 value f(AV) of the communication voltage together, resulting in a adjusted value DATA of the voltage setting variable, that is, DATA=DATA+f(AV); step B6, sending the adjusted value DATA to the D/A converter 112 after which the D/A converter 112 sends the communication voltage adjusting signal mentioned above to the voltage converting module 113; step B7, ending the communication voltage adjusting process. The function f(AV) of the communication voltage adjusting value, which is based on experience values gained from times of experiments, is calculated using the difference AV as a variable, supplying calibration values for the voltage setting variable DATA, thereby obtaining the adjusted value of the DATA. As shown in FIG.12, the signal transmitting process in step 6 and the 9 th step mentioned above is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Cl, indicating the number of digits of the data to be sent in the data package as a symbol N; step C2, reading one digit of the data to be sent from the data package and regarding the data to be sent as a beginning point of the sending data of the data package; step C3, if the present digit to be sent is detected to be '1', the control module 101 sending a control signal which expresses the data '1' to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 to render the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 output a modulating signal which expresses the data '1'; if the present digit to be sent is detected to be '0', the control module 101 sending a control signal which expresses the data '0' to the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 to render the signal modulating and transmitting module 103 output a modulating signal which expresses the data '0'; step C4, subtracting 1 from the number N of digits to be sent in the data package, and rendering the result to be a new number of digits to be 53 P41581 sent, that is, N=N-1; step C5, detecting whether the number N of the digits to be sent in -the data package is zero: if the number N is zero, ending the signal transmitting process; if not, selecting and reading the next digit to be sent in the data package according to a predetermined rule of selecting the next digit to be sent, then going back to step C3. As shown in FIG.13, the signal receiving process in step 8 and the I lth step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step D1, transferring a predetermined signal receiving overtime value T' from the control module 101; step D2, detecting whether the time during which the control module 101 receives data sent from the electronic detonator reaches the predetermined signal receiving overtime value T': if the judgment is YES, ending the signal receiving process; if not, continuing with step D3; step D3, detecting whether the control module 101 has received serial signals sent by the signal conditioning circuit 153: if the judgment is YES, sampling the serial signals and receiving information of the electronic detonator, then going back to step D2; if not, going back to step D2 directly. As shown in FIG.14, the charging process in step 10 and the 13 th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: first, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the voltage of the signal bus 106 to the initiating voltage that is needed by the storage unit in the electronic detonator to charge; second, the control module 101 detecting whether the charging is finishedd: if the judgment is YES, ending the charging process; if not, continuing to charge. As shown in FIG.15, the initiating process in step 13 and the 16th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: 54 P41581 first, the control module 101 detecting whether the misoperation preventing switch 124 in the man-machine interacting module 102 is closed and has been closed for predetermined seconds at the same time: if the judgment is YES, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the voltage of the signal bus 106 to the communication voltage; if the misoperation preventing switch 124 is not closed, or has not been closed for predetermined seconds, ending the initiating process; second, starting the signal transmitting process during which the initiating instruction is sent to the electronic detonator via the signal bus 106; third, the control module 101 controlling the signal modulating module 131 to switch the voltage of the signal bus 106 to the initiating voltage; then ending the initiating process. 55 P41581

Claims

1. An electronic detonator initiating device, characterized by comprising: a control module, a man-machine interacting module, a power source managing module, a signal modulating and transmitting module, a signal demodulating and receiving module, signal bus, and a power source; wherein the control module is connected to all the modules in the above modules and communicates with said other modules respectively, except the power source and the signal bus; the power source is connected to the power source managing module and the man-machine interacting module; the operating voltage output terminal of the power source managing module is connected to the man-machine interacting module, the control module, the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the signal demodulating and receiving module, and the power source managing module supplies power to the respective modules; the control terminal of the power source managing module is connected to the control module and communicates with the control module bi-directionally; a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals of the power source managing module are connected with the signal bus respectively; and the signal modulating and transmitting module and the signal demodulating and receiving module are connected in series between the communication voltage output terminal of the power source managing module and one wire in the signal bus; the man-machine interacting module is connected to another end of the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the power source supplies power to the signal modulating and transmitting module through the man-machine interacting module; and another wire in the signal bus is connected to the other end of the 2 P41581 signal modulating and transmitting module.

2. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power source managing module includes an A/D converter, a D/A converter, and a voltage converting module; one end of the voltage converting module is connected with the power source; one end thereof extends to the exterior of the power source managing module to form the communication voltage output terminal; the voltage converting module has another end which is connected to the D/A converter; the other one end of the voltage converting module is connected to the A/D converter and the D/A converter respectively within the power source managing module and this end is also connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module, the man-machine interacting module, the signal modulating and transmitting module, and the control module at the exterior of the power source managing module simultaneously, to form the operating voltage output terminal; one end of the A/D converter is connected with the voltage converting module and is powered by the voltage converting module; one end thereof is connected with the control module; the other two ends of the A/D converter are connected to two wires in the signal bus respectively to form the communication voltage sampling terminals; and one end of the D/A converter is connected with the voltage converting module and is powered by the voltage converting module; another end of the D/A converter is connected to a further end of the voltage converting module to send a communication voltage adjusting signal to the voltage converting module; and the other one end of the D/A converter is connected with the control module.

3. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal modulating and transmitting module includes a signal 3 P41581 modulating module and a boosting module; one end of the boosting module is connected to the man-machine interacting module and the boosting module is powered by the power source via the man-machine interacting module; the other end of the boosting module is connected to the signal modulating module; a first terminal of the signal modulating module is connected to the operating voltage output terminal; a second terminal thereof is connected with the boosting module; a third terminal thereof is connected with the control module, to receive control signals sent by the control module; and a fourth terminal thereof leads to a wire in the signal bus; and a fifth terminal of the signal modulating module is connected to the communication voltage output terminal and a sixth terminal is connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module; and alternatively, the fifth terminal of the signal modulating module is connected to the signal demodulating and receiving module and the sixth terminal leads to the another wire in the signal bus.

4. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal demodulating and receiving module includes a signal sampling module and a signal conditioning circuit; one end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; another end thereof is connected to the control module, to send data to the control module; the other one end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected with a seventh terminal of the signal sampling module; and an eighth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected with the signal modulating module in the signal modulating and transmitting module, and a ninth terminal of the signal sampling module leads to the signal bus; alternatively the eighth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected with the communication voltage output terminal, 4 P41581 and the ninth terminal of the signal sampling module is connected to the signal modulating module in the signal modulating and transmitting module.

5. The initiating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the signal sampling module is a resistor, the two ends of the resistor are connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and a wire in the signal bus respectively; alternatively the two ends of the resistor are connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and the communication voltage output terminal respectively; and the two ends of the resistor are further connected to the signal conditioning circuit respectively.

6. The initiating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the signal sampling module is an electromagnetic coupler, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and a wire in the signal bus; alternatively, the two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively connected between the signal modulating and transmitting module and the communication voltage output terminal; and the secondary coil of the electromagnetic coupler is connected to the signal conditioning circuit.

7. The initiating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the signal conditioning circuit includes a filter circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a comparator; one end of the filter circuit is connected with the signal sampling module to receive the data sent by the signal sampling module; the other end of the filter circuit is connected to the amplifier circuit; 5 P41581 one end of the amplifier circuit is connected with the filter circuit; another end thereof is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; and the other end of the amplifier circuit is connected to the comparator; and one end of the comparator is connected to the control module; another end thereof is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; and the other end of the comparator is connected with the amplifier circuit.

8. The initiating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the signal conditioning circuit includes a filter circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a comparator; one end of the amplifier circuit is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; another end thereof is connected with the filter circuit; and the other one end of the amplifier circuit is connected with the signal sampling module to receive the data sent by the signal sampling module; one end of the filter circuit is connected with the amplifier circuit, and the other end of the filter circuit is connected with the comparator; and one end of the comparator is connected with the operating voltage output terminal; another end thereof is connected with the filter circuit; and the other one end is connected to the control module.

9. The initiating device according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that: the comparator is a Schmitt comparator.

10. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the man-machine interacting module includes a setting and 6 P41581 displaying device, an authorization device, a locking device, and a misoperation preventing switch; wherein one end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal, and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module; one end of the authorization device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal, and the other end of the authorization device is connected with the control module; one end of the locking device is connected with the power'source, the other end of the locking device is connected to the boosting module, and the power source supplies power to the boosting module via the locking device; and one end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the operating voltage output terminal, and the other end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the control module.

11. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the man-machine interacting module comprises a setting and displaying device, and the setting and displaying device further includes an input module and a display module; one end of the input module is connected with one end of the display module, and they are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal; the other end of the input module is connected to the control module to send data to the control module; and the other end of the display module is connected with the control module to receive data sent by the control module.

12. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the man-machine interacting module comprises an authorization 7 P41581 device and a setting and displaying device; the authorization device and the setting and displaying device are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal; the other end of the authorization device is connected with the control module; and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module.

13. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the man-machine interacting module comprises a locking device and a setting and displaying device; one end of the locking device is connected with the power source, the other end of the locking device is connected to the boosting module, and the power source supplies power to the boosting module via the locking device; and one end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the operating voltage output terminal, and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module.

14. The initiating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the man-machine interacting module comprises a misoperation preventing switch and a setting and displaying device; the misoperation preventing switch and the setting and displaying device are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal; the other end of the misoperation preventing switch is connected with the control module; and the other end of the setting and displaying device is connected with the control module.

15. The initiating device according to claim 10 or claim 12, 8 P41581 characterized in that: the authorization device is a logic encryption chip or encryption system.

16. The initiating device according to claim 10 or claim 13, characterized in that: the locking device comprises a mechanical lock and a key suitable to the mechanical lock.

17. The initiating device according to claim 10 or claim 14, characterized in that: the misoperation preventing switch comprises two non-self-locking button switches.

18. A main control flow of the initiating device according to any one of claims I to 9, claim 11, claim 13, claim 14, claim 16, or claim 17, characterized in that: step 1, turning on the initiating device; step 2, the initiating device performing the initialization, including initializing the control module and initializing the man-machine interacting module; step 3, starting a communication voltage managing process, and beginning to manage the power source managing module; step 4, detecting, by the control module, the output of the man-machine interacting module, and performing system scheduling, wherein: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, it continues with step 5; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, it continues with step 10; 9 P41581 if the signal for performing an initiating task is detected, it continues with step 12; if the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, it continues with step 15; and otherwise, the control module continues detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module; step 5, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; step 6, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; step 7, the control module, after the signal transmitting process ends, judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction in the data sent, wherein: if the instruction is a single instruction, it continues with step 8 to perform the data receiving task; and if the instruction is a global instruction, it returns to step 4 without performing the data receiving task; step 8, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module receives data from the electronic detonator via the signal bus; step 9, the control module, after the signal receiving process ends, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus back to the bus voltage before step 5; then returning to step 4; step 10, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus; step 11, going back to step 4 after the charging process ends; step 12, detecting, by the control module, whether the charging process is finished wherein: if the charging process is finished, it continues with step 13; and if not, it goes back to step 4; step 13, starting an initiating process during which the control 10 P41581 module, via the signal bus, sends to the electronic detonator an initiating instruction of controlling the ignition of the electronic detonator; step 14, going back to step 4 after the explosion initiation process ends; and step 15, turning off the explosion initiation device and ending the main control flow of the present initiating device.

19. A main control flow of the initiating device according to any one of claims I to 10, claim 12, or claim 15, characterized in that: the 1" step, turning on the initiating device; the 2 nd step, performing, by the initiating device, the initialization, including initializing the control module and initializing the man-machine interacting module; the 3 'd step, reading, by the control module, the authorization information in the authorization device, with the authorization information including a user name and a password; the 4 th step, prompting, by the control module via the setting and displaying device in the man-machine interacting module, the user to input some information for authorization; the 5 th step, comparing, by the control module, the authorization information read from the authorization device with the information input through the setting and displaying device for authorization, wherein: if the latter information is the same as the former authorization information, it continues with the 6 th step; and if not same, it goes back to the 4 step; the 6 th step, starting a communication voltage managing process, during which the control module begins to manage the power source managing module; the 7 th step, detecting, by the control module, the output of the man-machine interacting module, and performing system scheduling, Il P41581 wherein: if the signal for performing a data transmitting task is detected, it continues with the 8 th step; if the signal for performing a detonation network charging task is detected, it continues with the 13 th step; if the signal for performing an initiating task is detected, it continues with the 15 th step; if the signal for turning off the initiating device is detected, it continues with the 18 h step; and otherwise, the control module continuing with detecting the output of the man-machine interacting module; the 8 th step, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; the 9 th step, starting a signal transmitting process during which the control module transmits data to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; the 1 0 h' step, the control module, after the signal transmitting process ends, judging whether or not to perform a data receiving task according to the type of the instruction in the data sent to the electronic detonator, wherein: if the instruction is a single instruction, it performs the data receiving task and continues with the 1lI1 step ; and if the instruction is a global instruction, it goes back to the 7 th step without performing the data receiving task; the 1 1 th step, starting a signal receiving process during which the control module receives data from the electronic detonator direction via the signal bus; the 12 th step, the control module, after the signal receiving process ends, controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus back to the bus voltage before the 8th step; then going 12 P41581 back to the 7 th step; the 13 th step, starting a charging process during which the storage unit in the electronic detonator is charged via the signal bus; the 14 th step, going back to the 7 th step after the charging process ends; the 15 'h step, detecting, by the control module, whether the charging process is finished, wherein: if the charging process is finished, it continues with the 16 th step; and if not, it goes back to the 7 th step; the 16 th step, starting an initiating process during which the control module, via the signal bus, sends to the electronic detonator an initiating instruction of controlling the initiating of the electronic detonator; the 1 7 th step, going back to the 7 th step, after the initiating process ends; and the 1 8 th step, turning off the initiating device and ending the main control flow of the present initiating device.

20. The main control flow according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the communication voltage managing process in step 3 or the 6 th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Al, initializing the present process, wherein the control module transfers initial values of the following variables in its built-in programs into its cache, so that the cache receives the initial value DATAo of the voltage setting variable DATA, the data expression value Vo of the predetermined communication voltage value, and the predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T; step A2, performing a communication voltage adjusting process; step A3, detecting, after the communication voltage process ends, whether the signal to finish the communication voltage managing process is received, wherein: if YES, it ends the present communication voltage 13 P41581 managing process; and if NO, it continues with step A4; and step A4, detecting whether runtime of the present process has reached the predetermined communication voltage adjusting period T wherein: if YES, it goes back to step A2; and if NO, it continues with the detection.

21. The main control flow according to claim 20, characterized in that, the value of the voltage setting variable DATA that renders the D/A converter output its maximum voltage or minimum voltage is chosen as the initial value DATAO of the voltage setting variable DATA.

22. The main control flow according to claim 20, characterized in that the communication voltage adjusting process in step A2 is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step BI, reading the data expression values of the voltages of two signal bus that are sampled by the A/D converter, and indicating the values as a symbol Vi and a symbol V 2 respectively; step B2, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the V, and the V 2 , and indicating the result as a symbol V'; step B3, calculating the difference AV of the Vo and the V; step B4, calculating the adjusting value f(AV) of the communication voltage by taking the AV as an input parameter; step B5, adding the voltage setting variable DATA and the adjusting value f(AV) of the communication voltage together, and obtaining an adjusted value DATA of the voltage setting variable, that is, DATA=DATA+f(AV); step B6, sending the adjusted value DATA to the D/A converter; and step B7, ending the communication voltage adjusting process. 14 P41581

23. The main control flow according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that the signal transmitting process in step 6 or the 9 th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: step Cl, indicating the number of digits of the data to be sent in the data package as a symbol N; step C2, reading one digit of the data to be sent from the data package and regarding the data to be sent as a beginning point of the sending data of the data package; step C3, if the present data to be sent is detected to be '1', controlling the signal modulating and transmitting module to output a modulating signal which expresses the data ''; and if the present data to be sent is detected to be '0', controlling the signal modulating and transmitting module to output a modulating signal which expresses the data '0'; step C4, subtracting I from the number N of digits of the data to be sent in the data package, and regarding the result to be a new number of digits of the data to be sent, that is, N=N-1; and step C5, detecting whether the number N of the digits of the data to be sent in the data package is zero wherein: if the number N is zero, it ends the present signal transmitting process; and otherwise, selecting and reading the next data to be sent in the data package according to a predetermined rule of selecting the next data to be sent, then going back to step C3.

24. The main control flow according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that the signal receiving process in step 8 or the 11h step is carried out in accordance with following steps: step DI, calling a predetermined signal receiving overtime value T' 15 P41581 from the control module; step D2, detecting whether the time during which the control module receives data sent from the electronic detonator direction reaches the predetermined signal receiving overtime value T' wherein: if the judgment is YES, it ends the present signal receiving process; if NO, it continues with step D3; and step D3, detecting whether the control module has received serial signals sent by the signal conditioning circuit, wherein: if the judgment is YES, it samples the serial signals and receives information of the electronic detonator, then goes back to step D2; and if NO, it goes back to step D2 directly.

25. The main control flow according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that the charging process in step 10 or the 13 th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: first, the control module controls the signal modulating module to switch the voltage of the signal bus to the initiating voltage that is needed by the charging of the storage unit in the electronic detonator; second, the control module detects whether the charging is finished whrein: if the judgment is YES, it ends the charging process; and if NO, it continues with the charging.

26. The main control flow according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that the initiating process in step 13 or the 16 th step is carried out in accordance with the following steps: first, the control module detects whether the misoperation preventing switch in the man-machine interacting module is conducted and has been 16 P41581 conducted for the predetermined seconds, wherein: if the misoperation preventing switch has been closed for the predetermined seconds value, the control module controls the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the communication voltage; and if the misoperation preventing switch is not closed, or has not been closed for predetermined seconds, it ends the present initiating process; second, starting the signal transmitting process during which the initiating instruction is sent to the electronic detonator via the signal bus; and third, the control module controlling the signal modulating module to switch the bus voltage of the signal bus to the initiating voltage; then ending the present initiating process. 17 P41581