CN108711921B - Alternating current signal power conversion system for charging battery, charging system and method - Google Patents
Alternating current signal power conversion system for charging battery, charging system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108711921B CN108711921B CN201810337166.0A CN201810337166A CN108711921B CN 108711921 B CN108711921 B CN 108711921B CN 201810337166 A CN201810337166 A CN 201810337166A CN 108711921 B CN108711921 B CN 108711921B
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- H02J7/045—
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- H02J2007/10—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides an ac signal power conversion system, charging system and method for battery charging. An AC signal power conversion system comprising: the commercial power rectification filter circuit receives the alternating current signal and rectifies and filters the received alternating current signal; a power conversion circuit that receives the rectified and filtered electric signal from the commercial power rectification filter circuit and performs power conversion on the received electric signal; an output rectifying and filtering circuit that receives the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit, rectifies and filters the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal that is directly used to charge the battery; and a constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit which receives a current stepping instruction from the outside of the alternating current signal power conversion system and controls the power conversion circuit according to the current stepping instruction to realize stepping constant current charging of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of circuits, and more particularly, to an ac signal power conversion system, a charging system and a method for charging a battery.
Background
Lithium batteries are indispensable components of various portable devices in the society nowadays, and are widely used in mobile phones, notebooks, tablet computers, unmanned aerial vehicles, sweeper machines and the like. The lithium battery is a rechargeable battery with limited charging times and needs to be matched with a corresponding charger for use. Since different lithium batteries have different battery characteristics, the manner in which the charger charges them needs to be consistent with the characteristics of the batteries, otherwise the life and capacity of the batteries are affected.
Due to cost or design reasons, charging modes of the charger are various, and different charging methods have different requirements on circuits of the charger. However, the conventional charger includes at least an alternating current to direct current (AC-DC) constant voltage converter, a direct current to direct current (DC-DC) constant current converter, and a voltage detection and control unit, thereby also causing problems of complicated structure and large volume of the conventional charger. Therefore, there is a need to design a charger that is suitable for carrying with a small volume.
Disclosure of Invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ac signal power conversion system for battery charging, the ac signal power conversion system including: the commercial power rectification filter circuit receives the alternating current signal and rectifies and filters the received alternating current signal; a power conversion circuit that receives the rectified and filtered electric signal from the commercial power rectification filter circuit and performs power conversion on the received electric signal; an output rectifying and filtering circuit that receives the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit, rectifies and filters the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal that is directly used to charge the battery; and a constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit which receives a current stepping instruction from the outside of the alternating current signal power conversion system and controls the power conversion circuit according to the current stepping instruction to realize stepping constant current charging of the battery.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a charging system for charging a battery, the charging system including: the ac signal power conversion system; and a voltage detection and control circuit that detects each of one or more cells in the battery in real time to obtain a real-time voltage for each cell, and generates and outputs a current step command based on a predetermined charging model and the real-time voltage; the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit in the alternating current signal power conversion system performs stepping constant-current control on a direct current signal by controlling current input into the power conversion circuit.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging a battery, the method comprising: receiving an alternating current signal through a mains supply rectification filter circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received alternating current signal; receiving, by a power conversion circuit, a rectified and filtered electrical signal from a mains rectification filter circuit and power converting the received electrical signal; receiving the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit through an output rectifying and filtering circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal directly used for charging the battery; and receiving a current step instruction from the outside of the alternating current signal power conversion system through the constant voltage constant current step circuit, and controlling the power conversion circuit according to the current step instruction to realize step constant current charging of the battery.
The alternating current signal power conversion system, the charging system and the method for charging the battery provided by the embodiment of the invention not only can realize constant voltage and constant current step control of charging, but also have the advantages of simple structure and lower cost. In addition, the alternating current signal power conversion system and the charging system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for charging a battery formed by connecting a plurality of battery cores in series.
Drawings
The invention may be better understood from the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a charging system for charging a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a predetermined charging model according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a current step command according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates a current step command according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a charging system for charging a battery according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows a flow diagram of a method for charging a battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. The following description encompasses numerous specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a clearer understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is by no means limited to any specific configuration set forth below, but covers any modifications, substitutions, and improvements of the relevant elements or components without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Batteries typically have one or more cells. For example, some portable devices (e.g., drones) typically require multiple cells in series to form a battery due to the high operating voltages. The present application is applicable to a battery having one cell or a battery having one or more cells, unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a charging system for charging a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the charging system 100 includes: an ac signal power conversion system 120 and a voltage detection and control circuit 104.
In one embodiment, the charging system 100 may further include a signal isolation circuit 105, the signal isolation circuit 105 being located between the ac signal power conversion system 120 and the voltage detection and control circuit 104.
The ac signal power conversion system 120 may include: a commercial power rectification filter circuit 101, a power conversion circuit 102, an output rectification filter circuit 103, and a constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 106. The transmission direction of the signal in the charging system 100 is shown by the arrow direction in fig. 1.
The mains rectification filter circuit 101 may receive an alternating current electrical signal and rectify and filter the received alternating current electrical signal.
The power conversion circuit 102 may receive the rectified and filtered electrical signal from the mains rectification filter circuit 101 and perform power conversion on the received electrical signal.
The output rectifying and filtering circuit 103 may receive the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit 102, rectify and filter the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal that is directly used to charge the battery 110 without further conversion of the current.
The voltage detection and control circuit 104 detects each of one or more cells in the battery 110 in real time to obtain a real-time voltage for each cell, and generates and outputs a current step command based on a predetermined charging model and the detected real-time voltage.
The constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 106 receives a current stepping instruction from the voltage detection and control circuit 104 (e.g., via the signal isolation circuit 105), and controls the power conversion circuit to implement stepping constant current charging of the battery according to the current stepping instruction. Specifically, the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit 106 performs stepping constant-current control of a direct-current signal for charging the battery 110 by controlling a current input to the power conversion circuit 102.
That is, a conventional DC-DC constant current converter is not required between the ac signal power conversion system 120 and the battery 110, and the electrical signal output by the output rectifying and filtering circuit 103 in the ac signal power conversion system 120 can be used as a DC signal for directly charging the battery. The constant current and/or stepping function of the conventional DC-DC constant current converter is completed by the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 106 in cooperation with the signal isolation circuit 105, the voltage detection and control circuit 104, and the power conversion circuit 102.
Fig. 2 shows a predetermined charging model according to an embodiment of the invention. Different batteries have different characteristics. Fig. 2 shows a predetermined charging model for a lithium battery.
After the battery core of the lithium battery is overcharged to a voltage higher than a preset voltage value, side effects can begin to be generated. The higher the overcharge voltage, the higher the danger. This is because, during the overcharge process, the electrolyte and other materials are cracked to generate gas, so that the battery case or the pressure valve is swelled and broken, and oxygen is introduced to react with lithium atoms accumulated on the surface of the negative electrode, thereby causing explosion. Therefore, when charging a lithium battery, the upper limit of the voltage must be set to simultaneously achieve the life, capacity, and safety of the battery. The most desirable upper limit of the charging voltage for this lithium battery is 4.2V. As shown in fig. 2, the lowest voltage of the cell is 2.4V. According to the predetermined charging model, the charging process of the battery is subjected to a constant current charging process and a constant voltage charging process.
Since the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage are known for a particular battery, the voltage detection and control circuit 104 may determine the number of cells to be charged based on the voltage value after monitoring the cell voltage.
In one embodiment, the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 106 may have multiple voltage references so as to be able to output corresponding multiple currents to implement stepping constant current control on a direct current signal.
In one embodiment, the current step command may comprise a pulse width modulated signal. For example, FIG. 3 illustrates a current step command according to one embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a current step command according to another embodiment of the present invention. However, the particular type of current step command is not limiting to embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the current step commands include a current upshift command and a current downshift command. For example, the current step command shown in fig. 3 may be a current upshift command, and the current step command shown in fig. 4 may be a current downshift command. The current upshift and downshift commands may be encoded in a special manner to prevent malfunction, but are not limited to the examples shown in the present invention.
In one embodiment, the charging system 100 may further include a charging switch circuit (not shown). A first terminal of the charge switch circuit is connected to the output of the output rectifying and smoothing circuit 103, and a second terminal of the charge switch circuit is connected to the battery 110, that is, the charge switch circuit is interposed between the output rectifying and smoothing circuit 103 and the battery 110 to serve as a switch for charging the battery 110. Also, a third terminal of the charge switch circuit is connected to the voltage detection and control circuit 104. When the voltage detection and control circuit 104 detects that the voltage of any of the one or more cells of the battery 110 is within a predetermined range, the charge switch circuit is turned on to charge the cell.
The voltage detection and control circuit 104, the signal isolation circuit 105, and the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 106 may constitute an isolated flyback converter having the functions of the voltage detection and control circuit 104, the signal isolation circuit 105, and the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 106.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a charging system for charging a battery according to another embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the charging system 200 includes: the power conversion circuit comprises a mains rectification filter circuit 201, a power conversion circuit 202, an output rectification filter circuit 203, a voltage detection and control circuit 204, a signal isolation circuit 205 and a constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 206. The functions of the above-mentioned circuits are the same as those of the circuits described with respect to fig. 1, and are not described again here.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the mains rectification filter circuit 201 may include a rectification circuit DB1 composed of four diodes and a filter circuit C1 composed of a capacitor C1, which are respectively used for rectifying and filtering the ac electrical signal.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the power conversion circuit 202 may include a switching circuit Q1 and a transformation circuit T1. In one embodiment, the switching circuit Q1 may be a field effect transistor, the gate of Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the power conversion circuit 202, and the source of Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the power conversion circuit 202. The switching circuit Q1 is not limited to the example shown in fig. 5.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the output rectifying and filtering circuit 203 may include a rectifying diode D1 and a capacitor C2 for rectifying and filtering, respectively.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the voltage detection and control circuit 204 may include a chip U2 and a battery voltage sampling circuit 2041. The battery voltage sampling circuit 2041 may be composed of resistors R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, and R11, and the connection manner thereof is as shown in fig. 5. The battery 210 shown in fig. 5 includes 3 cells B1, B2, and B3. The number of cells connected in series is not limited to that shown in fig. 5, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect.
In one embodiment, the chip U2 may be a Microcontroller (MCU) that may include one or more of a central processing unit CPU with data processing capabilities, a random access memory RAM, a read only memory ROM, various I/O ports and interrupt systems, timers/counters, pulse width modulation circuitry, analog multiplexers, a/D converters, and the like. As shown in fig. 5, the battery voltage sampling circuit 2041 samples the voltages of the 3 battery cells B1, B2, and B3, and the chip U2 receives the sampled voltages through the pins 17, 18, and 19, for example. Chip U2 may also include other pins for other functions.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the signal isolation circuit 205 may be a photo-coupler isolation circuit packaged together by the light emitting diode U3A and the photo transistor U3B. The optical coupling isolation circuit ensures that the two isolated parts of circuits are not electrically and directly connected, and mainly prevents the safety problem caused by the electrical connection. For example, the signal isolation circuit 205 is used to prevent safe isolation between its left high voltage circuit and its right low voltage circuit.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a first terminal of the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 206 is connected to a first terminal of the power conversion circuit 202, and a second terminal of the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 206 is connected to a second terminal of the power conversion circuit 202. The constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 206 may include a control chip U1 and a first resistor R1.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, control chip U1 may include pin GATE and pin CS. Pin GATE may serve as a current output control pin and pin CS may serve as a current sampling pin. The pin GATE is connected to a first terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit 206, that is, to a first terminal of the power conversion circuit 202. The pin CS is connected to a second terminal of the constant voltage, constant current stage circuit 206, that is, to a second terminal of the power conversion circuit 202. A first terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second terminal of the constant-voltage, constant-current stepping circuit 206, and a second terminal of the first resistor R1 is grounded. The control chip U1 may further include a pin ADJ for receiving a current stepping command to trigger the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit 206 to perform constant voltage and constant current stepping control. A plurality of voltage references are provided in the control chip U1 to implement the multi-level current. For example, in one embodiment, 8 reference voltages are set in the control chip U1. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect.
In one embodiment, the control chip U1 is a pulse width modulation constant current and constant voltage integrated circuit whose current can be programmed and controlled through external communication, and can realize corresponding functions through external programming.
Some portable devices generally require a plurality of cells to be connected in series to form a battery due to the high operating voltage. In the process of charging the battery, the voltage of each battery cell is different due to the difference between the capacity and the self-discharge rate of each battery cell, and at the moment, a balancing measure needs to be taken to ensure the safety and the stability and prevent the overcharge. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the charging system 200 may include a balancing circuit (not shown). For example, the balancing circuit may be formed by a resistor and a fet connected in series, and connected in parallel with the corresponding cell, and configured to turn on the fet to shunt when the cell reaches a predetermined voltage value during charging, so that the current flowing through the cell is reduced to prevent overcharge.
The charging system described in the invention can support the charging of batteries with different numbers of battery cores, and the charging of the batteries with different numbers of battery cores can be realized by replacing corresponding connecting wires between the charging system and the batteries.
Fig. 6 shows a flow diagram of a method 300 for battery charging according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the battery charging method 300 may include the steps of:
step S301: receiving an alternating current signal through a mains supply rectification filter circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received alternating current signal;
step S302: receiving, by a power conversion circuit, a rectified and filtered electrical signal from a mains rectification filter circuit and power converting the received electrical signal;
step S303: receiving the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit through an output rectifying and filtering circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal directly used for charging the battery; and
step S304: and receiving a current step instruction from the outside of the alternating current signal power conversion system through the constant voltage constant current step circuit, and controlling the power conversion circuit according to the current step instruction to realize step constant current charging of the battery.
In the battery charging method 300, the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit has a plurality of voltage references so that a corresponding plurality of currents can be output to implement stepping constant current control.
In the battery charging method 300, the current step command may include a pulse width modulated signal.
In the battery charging method 300, the current step commands include a current upshift command and a current downshift command.
In the battery charging method 300, a first terminal of a constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit is connected to a first terminal of a power conversion circuit, and a second terminal of the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit is connected to a second terminal of the power conversion circuit.
In the battery charging method 300, the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit includes a control chip and a first resistor, the control chip includes a pin GATE and a pin CS, the pin GATE is used as a current and power conversion output control pin, and the pin CS is used as a current sampling pin.
In the battery charging method 300, the pin GATE is connected to a first terminal of the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit, the pin CS is connected to a second terminal of the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit, a first terminal of the first resistor is connected to a second terminal of the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit, and a second terminal of the first resistor is grounded.
In the battery charging method 300, the control chip is a pulse width modulation constant current and constant voltage integrated circuit with current programmable by external communication.
In one embodiment, the battery charging method 300 may further include: detecting, by a voltage detection and control circuit, each of one or more cells in a battery in real-time to obtain a real-time voltage for each cell, and generating and outputting a current step command based on a predetermined charging model and the real-time voltage; the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit in the alternating current signal power conversion system performs stepping constant-current control on a direct current signal by controlling current input into the power conversion circuit.
In one embodiment, the battery charging method 300 may further include: a current step command is received from the voltage detection and control circuit through the signal isolation circuit and communicated to the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit.
In the battery charging method 300, the output of the output rectifying filter circuit is connected to a first terminal of a charging switch circuit, a second terminal of the charging switch circuit is connected to the battery, and a third terminal of the charging switch circuit is connected to the voltage detection and control circuit. The battery charging method 300 may further include: when the voltage detection and control circuit detects that the voltage of any one of the one or more battery cells is within a preset range, the charging switch circuit is turned on to charge the battery cell.
The manner in which the charging system according to the embodiment of the present invention implements the constant-voltage constant-current stepped control will be described in detail below, taking the charging system 200 shown in fig. 5 as an example.
After the charging system 200 connects the charging outlet and the battery 210 to be charged, the charging of the battery 210 is started. The voltage detection and control circuit 204 detects the real-time voltages of the cells B1, B2, and B3, and if the voltages of the three cells are all greater than 2.4V (lowest voltage) and less than 4.2V (maximum voltage), the voltage detection and control circuit 204 generates a current upshift command, and the current upshift command is sent to the signal isolation circuit 205 through the pin 20. The signal isolation circuit 205 transmits the current upshift instruction to the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 206, for example, the current upshift instruction is received by an ADJ pin of the control chip U1 in the constant voltage constant current stepping circuit 206. The current upshift command instructs the constant voltage constant current shift circuit 206 to upshift the current by one step. The voltage detection and control circuit 204 may send a plurality of current upshift commands to indicate current upshift multiple levels.
As described above, the control chip U1 is provided with a plurality of voltage references, and multi-stage current control can be realized. The CS pin of the control chip U1 samples the current flowing through R1, and obtains the voltage value of R1 based on the sampled current and the resistance value of R1. A voltage reference value corresponding to the current upshift command can be obtained based on the current upshift command and a preset charging model, the voltage value of R1 is compared with the voltage reference value to control the pulse width of the GATE pin, and the field-effect transistor Q1 controls the power conversion, i.e., the output constant current of the transformer T1, so as to affect the magnitude of the charging current input to the battery 210.
For example, when the voltage of the battery cell B3 first reaches 4.2V, the downshift instruction is transmitted to the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit and is reduced to the lowest level, the balancing circuit switch corresponding to the battery cell B3 is turned on, so as to shunt the current flowing through the battery cell B3 to prevent the battery cell B3 from overcharging, and at this time, the battery cell B3 enters the stage of shunting charging with the balancing circuit. Since the battery cell B1 and the battery cell B2 do not reach the maximum voltage, the battery cell B1 and the battery cell B2 continue to be charged in the manner of the minimum gear current as described above until the maximum voltage reaches 4.2V, and the charging is turned off. The above examples merely illustrate the operation principle of the charging method of the charging system 200, and are not limiting.
The alternating current signal power conversion system, the charging system and the method for charging the battery provided by the embodiment of the invention omit a DC-DC conversion circuit in the traditional charger, not only can realize constant voltage and constant current stepping control of charging, but also have simple structure and lower cost. In addition, the alternating current signal power conversion system and the charging system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for charging a battery formed by connecting a plurality of battery cores in series.
The alternating current signal power conversion system, the charging system and the method for charging the battery provided by the embodiment of the invention can be suitable for various batteries, in particular to batteries of unmanned aerial vehicles.
In the above, reference is made to "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "yet another embodiment", however, it is to be understood that the features mentioned in the respective embodiments are not necessarily applicable only to this embodiment, but may be applicable to other embodiments. Features from one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment or may be included in another embodiment.
The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," etc. is mentioned above, however, it should be understood that the words are used for convenience of description and reference, and that the objects defined above do not occur in any sequential order.
It should be understood that the numerical subscripts to the devices and circuits referred to above are also for ease of description and reference and do not have an ordinal relationship.
The present invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments thereof, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations and changes may be made to the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims or their equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. An ac signal power conversion system for charging a battery, the ac signal power conversion system comprising:
the commercial power rectification filter circuit receives the alternating current signal and rectifies and filters the received alternating current signal;
a power conversion circuit that receives the rectified and filtered electric signal from the commercial power rectification filter circuit and performs power conversion on the received electric signal;
an output rectifying and filtering circuit that receives the power-converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit, rectifies and filters the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal that is directly used to charge the battery; and
a constant voltage constant current stepping circuit that receives a current stepping instruction from outside of the AC signal power conversion system and controls a power conversion circuit according to the current stepping instruction to realize stepping constant current charging of the battery,
the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is provided with a plurality of voltage references, so that a plurality of corresponding currents can be output to realize stepping constant-current control;
a first terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is connected with a first terminal of the power conversion circuit, and a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is connected with a second terminal of the power conversion circuit;
the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit comprises a control chip and a first resistor, wherein the control chip comprises a pin GATE and a pin CS, the pin GATE is used as a current output control pin, and the pin CS is used as a current sampling pin;
the pin GATE is connected with a first terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, the pin CS is connected with a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, a first terminal of the first resistor is connected with a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, and a second terminal of the first resistor is grounded;
the control chip is configured to: sampling a current flowing through the first resistor through the pin CS; obtaining a voltage value at two ends of the first resistor based on the sampled current and the resistance value of the first resistor; obtaining corresponding voltage references in the plurality of voltage references based on the current level instruction and a preset charging model; and comparing the voltage value at two ends of the first resistor with the corresponding voltage reference to control the pulse width of the pin GATE so as to control the current of the power conversion circuit.
2. The ac signal power conversion system of claim 1, wherein the current step command comprises a pulse width modulated signal.
3. The ac signal power conversion system of claim 1, wherein the current step commands include a current upshift command and a current downshift command.
4. The ac signal power conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the control chip is a pulse width modulation constant current and constant voltage integrated circuit whose current can be programmed and controlled by external communication.
5. A charging system for charging a battery, the charging system comprising:
the alternating current signal power conversion system of any one of claims 1 to 4; and
a voltage detection and control circuit that detects each of one or more cells in the battery in real time to obtain a real-time voltage for each cell, and generates and outputs the current level instruction based on a predetermined charging model and the real-time voltage;
the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit in the alternating-current signal power conversion system performs stepping constant-current control on the direct-current signal by controlling current input into the power conversion circuit.
6. The charging system of claim 5, further comprising a signal isolation circuit that receives the current step command from the voltage detection and control circuit and communicates the current step command to the constant voltage, constant current stepping circuit.
7. The charging system of claim 5, further comprising a charge switch circuit, a first terminal of the charge switch circuit being connected to the output of the output rectifying and filtering circuit, a second terminal of the charge switch circuit being connected to the battery, and a third terminal of the charge switch circuit being connected to the voltage detection and control circuit, the charge switch circuit being turned on to charge any of the one or more cells when the voltage detection and control circuit detects that the voltage of the cell is within a predetermined range.
8. A method for charging a battery, the method comprising:
receiving an alternating current signal through a mains supply rectification filter circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received alternating current signal;
receiving, by a power conversion circuit, a rectified and filtered electrical signal from the mains rectification filter circuit and power converting the received electrical signal;
receiving a power converted electrical signal from the power conversion circuit through an output rectifying and filtering circuit, and rectifying and filtering the received electrical signal to obtain a direct current electrical signal that is directly used to charge the battery; and
receiving a current step instruction from the outside of the alternating current signal power conversion system through a constant voltage constant current step circuit, controlling a power conversion circuit according to the current step instruction to realize step constant current charging of the battery,
the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is provided with a plurality of voltage references, so that a plurality of corresponding currents can be output to realize stepping constant-current control; a first terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is connected with a first terminal of the power conversion circuit, and a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit is connected with a second terminal of the power conversion circuit; the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit comprises a control chip and a first resistor, wherein the control chip comprises a pin GATE and a pin CS, the pin GATE is used as a current output control pin, and the pin CS is used as a current sampling pin; the pin GATE is connected with a first terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, the pin CS is connected with a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, a first terminal of the first resistor is connected with a second terminal of the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit, and a second terminal of the first resistor is grounded;
the method further comprises the following steps: sampling a current flowing through the first resistor through the pin CS of the control chip; the control chip obtains voltage values at two ends of the first resistor based on the sampled current and the resistance value of the first resistor, obtains corresponding voltage references in the multiple voltage references based on the current level instruction and a preset charging model, and compares the voltage values at two ends of the first resistor with the corresponding voltage references to control the pulse width of the pin GATE, so that the current of the power conversion circuit is controlled.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the current step command comprises a pulse width modulated signal.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the current step commands include a current upshift command and a current downshift command.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the control chip is a pulse width modulation constant current and constant voltage integrated circuit with externally-communication programming control.
12. The method according to any one of claims 8-11, further comprising: detecting, by a voltage detection and control circuit, each of one or more cells in the battery in real-time to obtain a real-time voltage for each cell, and generating and outputting the current level instructions based on a predetermined charging model and the real-time voltage;
the constant-voltage constant-current stepping circuit in the alternating-current signal power conversion system performs stepping constant-current control on the direct-current signal by controlling current input into the power conversion circuit.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: receiving the current step command from the voltage detection and control circuit through a signal isolation circuit and transmitting the current step command to the constant voltage and constant current stepping circuit.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein an output of the output rectifying filter circuit is connected to a first terminal of a charge switch circuit, a second terminal of the charge switch circuit is connected to the battery, and a third terminal of the charge switch circuit is connected to the voltage detection and control circuit,
the method further comprises the following steps: when the voltage detection and control circuit detects that the voltage of any one of the one or more battery cells is in a preset range, the charging switch circuit is turned on to charge the battery cell.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810337166.0A CN108711921B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Alternating current signal power conversion system for charging battery, charging system and method |
| TW107118009A TWI677164B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-05-25 | AC signal power conversion system, charging system and method for battery charging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810337166.0A CN108711921B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Alternating current signal power conversion system for charging battery, charging system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108711921A CN108711921A (en) | 2018-10-26 |
| CN108711921B true CN108711921B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810337166.0A Active CN108711921B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Alternating current signal power conversion system for charging battery, charging system and method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108711921B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI677164B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110752655A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-04 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Hybrid energy storage device for realizing alternating-current constant-voltage charging |
| CN110797955A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-14 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Charging system with composite battery power conversion function |
| CN114362334B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2024-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Charging device and vehicle with same |
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| US6025695A (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 2000-02-15 | Friel; Daniel D. | Battery operating system |
| US6909617B1 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-06-21 | La Marche Manufacturing Co. | Zero-voltage-switched, full-bridge, phase-shifted DC-DC converter with improved light/no-load operation |
| TWI251395B (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-03-11 | Niko Semiconductor Co Ltd | Pulse width modulation apparatus by using output voltage feedback delay circuit to automatically change the output frequency |
| CN2833988Y (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2006-11-01 | 陈国成 | Battery charger |
| CN2938554Y (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2007-08-22 | Bcd半导体制造有限公司 | Switch mode power supply and its overvoltage protection circuit |
| JP4930522B2 (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2012-05-16 | ソニー株式会社 | Power supply circuit and information processing apparatus |
| CN201918778U (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-08-03 | 吴江合美新能源科技有限公司 | VRLS (valve-regulated lead-acid) storage battery pack adaptive equalizing charger controlled by single chip microcomputer |
| CN102097937B (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2013-07-31 | 日银Imp微电子有限公司 | Voltage stabilization type power supply transformation circuit |
| CN102364856B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-10-16 | 成都芯源系统有限公司 | Switching power supply and no-load control circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102570837B (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Constant voltage constant current control circuit and control method thereof |
| CN102624254B (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Constant voltage constant current control circuit with improved load regulation and control method thereof |
| JP5822304B2 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2015-11-24 | ニチコン株式会社 | Charger |
| CN103428938A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-04 | 珠海市多明丽新能源有限公司 | High-efficiency solar LED lamp capable of automatically memorizing shifts |
| TWM481439U (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-07-01 | San-Shan Hong | Switching power supply and protection device |
| CN104917271A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-16 | 李�昊 | Adapter |
| CN104967199B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2018-07-10 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Fast charge method and mobile terminal |
| SG11201700428UA (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-09-28 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd | Charge method, adapter and mobile terminal |
| US10541550B2 (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2020-01-21 | Dialog Semiconductor Inc. | Switching power converter for direct battery charging |
| CN106026269A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳天珑无线科技有限公司 | Rapid charging device and method |
| JP6633104B2 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2020-01-22 | オッポ広東移動通信有限公司 | Adapter and charge control method |
| JP2018011505A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社マキタ | Charge control device |
| CN107748909A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-02 | 北京中电华大电子设计有限责任公司 | The adaptive method of power consumption and circuit in a kind of contact type intelligent card chip |
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2018
- 2018-04-16 CN CN201810337166.0A patent/CN108711921B/en active Active
- 2018-05-25 TW TW107118009A patent/TWI677164B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201944689A (en) | 2019-11-16 |
| CN108711921A (en) | 2018-10-26 |
| TWI677164B (en) | 2019-11-11 |
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