ATE142792T1 - Kontrolle und schutz vor fehlern von hochspannungsschaltvorrichtungen - Google Patents

Kontrolle und schutz vor fehlern von hochspannungsschaltvorrichtungen

Info

Publication number
ATE142792T1
ATE142792T1 AT89903670T AT89903670T ATE142792T1 AT E142792 T1 ATE142792 T1 AT E142792T1 AT 89903670 T AT89903670 T AT 89903670T AT 89903670 T AT89903670 T AT 89903670T AT E142792 T1 ATE142792 T1 AT E142792T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
monitored
magnetic field
network
high voltage
conductors
Prior art date
Application number
AT89903670T
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David William Eli Blatt
Original Assignee
David William Eli Blatt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David William Eli Blatt filed Critical David William Eli Blatt
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE142792T1 publication Critical patent/ATE142792T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H02J13/00017—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus using optical fiber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
AT89903670T 1988-03-21 1989-03-20 Kontrolle und schutz vor fehlern von hochspannungsschaltvorrichtungen ATE142792T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPI735188 1988-03-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE142792T1 true ATE142792T1 (de) 1996-09-15

Family

ID=3772940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT89903670T ATE142792T1 (de) 1988-03-21 1989-03-20 Kontrolle und schutz vor fehlern von hochspannungsschaltvorrichtungen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5408176A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
EP (1) EP0406276B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
KR (1) KR900700893A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CN (1) CN1040684A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AT (1) ATE142792T1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AU (1) AU632045B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CA (1) CA1331883C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE68927168T2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
IN (1) IN174635B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
WO (1) WO1989009411A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6771078B1 (en) 1999-04-12 2004-08-03 Chk Wireless Technologies Australia Pty. Ltd. Apparatus and method for fault detection on conductors
AU766044B2 (en) * 1999-04-12 2003-10-09 Chk Wireless Technologies Australia Pty Limited Apparatus and method for fault detection on conductors
GB2373652B (en) * 2001-01-25 2004-06-23 Power Isolators Ltd Fault detection in electrical distribution networks
US7701683B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2010-04-20 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus, system, and method for sharing output contacts across multiple relays
AU2002339256B2 (en) * 2001-11-19 2007-11-29 Chk Wireless Technologies Australia Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for determining a current in a conductor
ATE365332T1 (de) * 2002-03-26 2007-07-15 Abb Schweiz Ag Plausibilitätsprüfung von stromwandlern in unterstationen
WO2003090397A2 (en) * 2002-04-17 2003-10-30 Ishmael Enriquez Wide area network as applied to switchyard/substation control design
US20040104784A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-03 Ishmael Enriquez Wide area network as applied to switchyard/substation control design
WO2004095422A2 (en) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Spinvox Limited Operator performed voicemall transcription
JP3933635B2 (ja) * 2004-03-09 2007-06-20 株式会社ソニー・コンピュータエンタテインメント 相対位置・姿勢計測システム
JP4099484B2 (ja) * 2005-02-09 2008-06-11 株式会社カイザーテクノロジー 通信システム。
EP1819022B1 (en) * 2006-02-08 2015-09-23 ABB Technology AG Establishing switchyard zones of a high or medium voltage switchyard
RU2437105C2 (ru) * 2006-09-08 2011-12-20 ПРОМИТИЭН ДИВАЙСЕЗ ЭлЭлСи Датчик, способ и система текущего контроля линий электропередачи
HRP20140824T1 (hr) 2007-09-17 2014-10-10 Ably As Postupak i uređaj za praćenje prijenosa električne energije
US20100306300A1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Microsoft Corporation Sparse Matrix Padding
US9256232B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2016-02-09 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Voltage regulation using multiple voltage regulator controllers
CN102830264B (zh) * 2012-09-04 2015-05-13 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 一种适用于智能变电站环境下安全稳定控制装置的采样值切换方法
JP2014089061A (ja) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-15 Sanken Electric Co Ltd 電流検出回路
CN103051063B (zh) * 2012-12-28 2016-04-13 王兴伟 户外交流高压故障远传器
US11237193B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2022-02-01 Live Power Intelligence Company Na, Llc System and method of power grid monitoring
EP3848712A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 LEM International SA Current measurement system
CN112269146B (zh) * 2020-10-15 2022-06-21 广东电网有限责任公司 一种带电设备

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418575A (en) * 1963-02-28 1968-12-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp High voltage current measuring device employing means responsive to the electromagnetic field generated by the current
US3312898A (en) * 1963-02-28 1967-04-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Polyphase current measuring device using several signal detectors each positioned to respond to only one phase current magnetic field
IN154286B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1979-05-16 1984-10-13 Gen Electric Co Ltd
US4374359A (en) * 1979-10-04 1983-02-15 IREQ--Institut de Recherche de l'Hydro-Quebec System and method of sensing current in high voltage transmission lines utilizing the transmission of digital information by optical fibers
US4408155A (en) * 1981-03-02 1983-10-04 Bridges Electric, Inc. Fault detector with improved response time for electrical transmission system
US4419619A (en) * 1981-09-18 1983-12-06 Mcgraw-Edison Company Microprocessor controlled voltage regulating transformer
DE3230468A1 (de) * 1982-08-16 1984-02-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum betrieb einer elektrischen energieverteilungsanlage
JPS59126961A (ja) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-21 Fujitsu Ltd 大電流測定装置
US4855671A (en) * 1983-04-13 1989-08-08 Fernandes Roosevelt A Electrical power line and substation monitoring apparatus
US4689752A (en) * 1983-04-13 1987-08-25 Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation System and apparatus for monitoring and control of a bulk electric power delivery system
JPS61264834A (ja) * 1985-05-20 1986-11-22 Toshiba Corp マルチ．プロセツサシステム制御方式
JPS61289404A (ja) * 1985-06-18 1986-12-19 Sato Tekko Kk 情報監視制御装置
US4724381A (en) * 1986-02-03 1988-02-09 Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation RF antenna for transmission line sensor
AT393338B (de) * 1986-07-29 1991-09-25 Sprecher Energie Oesterreich Einrichtung zur steuerung und ueberwachung einer elektrischen energieverteilungsanlage
JPS63136793A (ja) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-08 Toshiba Corp 遠隔測定装置
DE3729712A1 (de) * 1987-09-04 1989-03-23 Siemens Ag Pruefanordnung fuer elektronische schaltungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR900700893A (ko) 1990-08-17
WO1989009411A1 (en) 1989-10-05
DE68927168D1 (de) 1996-10-17
EP0406276A4 (en) 1991-08-28
CA1331883C (en) 1994-09-06
IN174635B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1995-01-28
US5408176A (en) 1995-04-18
EP0406276A1 (en) 1991-01-09
AU3435589A (en) 1989-10-16
AU632045B2 (en) 1992-12-17
CN1040684A (zh) 1990-03-21
EP0406276B1 (en) 1996-09-11
DE68927168T2 (de) 1997-04-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE142792T1 (de) Kontrolle und schutz vor fehlern von hochspannungsschaltvorrichtungen
EP0316203A3 (en) Protective relay
SE7713411L (sv) Releskydd med funktionsverdesomkoppling
AU576993B2 (en) Residual differential device
GB1060643A (en) Electrical fault detection arrangement
GB2258095A (en) Residual current device
DE68927521D1 (de) Vorrichtung zum schutz elektrischer systeme
RU94030995A (ru) Реле защиты
EP0561149A3 (en) Arrangement for current supply of an electronic unit from a three phase network
BR0000822A (pt) Blindagem para concentrar fluxo magnético para uso em relês de sobrecarga
SU1622907A1 (ru) Способ защиты оптических элементов от повреждени подвижными предметами из токопровод щего материала
Persson Disturbances in directly earthed transmission power systems caused by geomagnetic storms
Sowa Lightning overvoltages in wires within the buildings
JPS5728559A (en) Short circuit protector for field of synchronous generator
ES8206090A1 (es) Perfeccionamientos en interruptores de proteccion de co- rriente de defecto universal para instalaciones electricas
ES495334A0 (es) Perfeccionamientos en interruptores de proteccion de co- rriente de defecto
GB1530479A (en) Methods and apparatus for sensing flashovers in electrical apparatus
SU726617A1 (ru) Способ защиты сети переменного тока напр жением до 1000 в от замыкани на землю
Lee et al. Impulse Response Characteristics of the Grounding Systems with respect to the Common-Connection Position in Power Utility System
LV5346A3 (lv) Attāluma noteikšanas līdz divfāzīga īsslēguma vietai paņēmiens
SU917250A1 (ru) Устройство дл защиты электроустановки от тока утечки на корпус,который не может быть заземлен
SU922937A1 (ru) Устройство для защиты электроустановки от замыкания на корпус в сети переменного тока i
Choi et al. Design of Substation Grounding Grid for Reduction of Touch Voltage
Gurevich Impacts of Magnetohydrodynamic Effect of HEMP on Power Equipment: Problems and Solutions
Roy Ionospheric Currents Associated with Solar Flares

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties