AT525707B1 - Measuring device for measuring a change in distance - Google Patents

Abstract

A measuring device (1) for measuring a change in distance (ΔD) between a first reference point (7) and a second reference point (8) has at least one distance measuring device (2). The distance measuring device (2) has a bracket (3) with a first suspension (4), which can be connected to the first reference point (7), with a second suspension (5), which can be connected to the second reference point (8), and with an elastic spring section (12) running between the suspensions (4, 5). The spring section (12) is bent in the unloaded state. At least one strain gauge (14) is arranged on the spring section (12), which is bent in the unloaded state. In the unloaded state, the bracket (3) has a substantially Ω-shaped, V-shaped or O-shaped shape.

Description

Description

The invention relates to a measuring device for measuring a change in distance between a first reference point and a second reference point with at least one displacement measuring device, wherein the displacement measuring device has a bracket with a first suspension, which can be connected to the first reference point, with a second suspension, which can be connected to the second reference point can be connected, and has an elastic spring section running between the suspensions, the spring section being bent in the unloaded state, and at least one strain gauge being arranged on the spring section bent in the unloaded state.

The invention further relates to a vehicle with such a measuring device.

[0003] There are numerous technical applications in which it is necessary to determine the change in distance between two predetermined reference points. Different types of measuring devices are therefore already known from the prior art, with which dynamic distance measurement is possible.

[0004] Many of these measuring devices are optimized for special applications and have high precision, sampling frequency and/or longevity.

For other areas of application, measuring devices for measuring changes in distance are required which are particularly robust against environmental influences and loads. An example of such an application is the use of a measuring device on or in an off-road vehicle.

Off-road vehicles, such as off-road trucks, generally have a rigid but torsionally flexible chassis.

However, particularly when repeatedly driving over particularly high or deep obstacles or when driving through particularly uneven terrain, the stress in the chassis, in the intermediate frame and/or in the vehicle body can become so great that the vehicle suffers permanent damage.

In order to prevent this, it is known in off-road vehicles to provide measuring devices with which parameters important for the durability and service life of the off-road vehicle, from which the chassis rotation can be derived, are recorded.

However, the disadvantage of the known measuring devices for off-road vehicles is that they are often not robust enough and/or can only be retrofitted with difficulty. Furthermore, conventional vehicles equipped with measuring devices for detecting the chassis rotation usually have a complicated structure or run the risk of errors or damage occurring in the measuring device, so that the rotation of the chassis often cannot be monitored with a high degree of certainty.

[0010] A generic measuring device is known, for example, from DE 199 56 009 A1.

[0011] From DE 10 2018 123 082 A1 and DE 10 2015 013 778 A1 it is known to apply strain gauges directly to vehicle springs. The disadvantage of such systems is that the rotation of a chassis cannot be determined due to the position of the system. Even if the position is changed, the rotation of the chassis cannot be determined particularly effectively or with a sufficiently high level of accuracy due to the geometric shape of conventional vehicle springs, which is unfavorable for this purpose.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a measuring device of the type mentioned at the outset or a vehicle with such a measuring device which avoids the problems mentioned as far as possible. In particular, a measuring device should be provided that is particularly robust against environmental influences, low-maintenance and yet precise, so that in a vehicle equipped with it

Detecting the rotation of the vehicle frame is possible as reliably and permanently as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention with a measuring device which has the features of claim 1.

[0014] According to the invention, this object is further achieved with a vehicle with the features of claim 10, a vehicle with the features of claim 14, a vehicle with the features of claim 15 and a vehicle with the features of claim 16.

Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

According to the invention it is provided that the bracket has a substantially Q-shaped, V-shaped or O-shaped shape in the unloaded state.

The measuring device according to the invention requires only a few components, which are also extremely robust and still enable precise measurement. It is particularly reliable, durable and low-maintenance. It is therefore ideal for use in off-road vehicles, especially for determining the torsion of the chassis.

A further advantage of the measuring device according to the invention is that the application of the strain gauge(s) used for the measurement does not take place on site on the vehicle itself, but rather in advance. The device, which is significantly larger than a single strain gauge, can also be arranged and aligned extremely precisely in places that are difficult to access, for example using screws, which is not so easy with a strain gauge that is much smaller in comparison.

[0019] Replacing the measuring device in the event of a defective strain gauge is also much easier and more time-saving than replacing a single strain gauge applied directly to the vehicle, so that the vehicle can be used again quickly and long downtimes can be avoided.

Furthermore, the components of the measuring device according to the invention have a much lower weight than the components of comparable conventional measuring devices, such as inductive displacement transducers. The measuring device according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use in areas of application in which the weight of individual components and groups of components should be kept as low as possible, such as aerospace. Due to the low weight of the components of the measuring device according to the invention, measurements can be carried out without essentially influencing the system to be measured. For example, vibrations can be recorded without “detuning” the system being measured.

Since the bracket of the measuring device according to the invention has an elastic, curved spring section, the bracket itself acts like a spring. If the bracket is used in smooth-running mechanisms, it helps to return the two components or groups of components between which the change in distance is to be measured back to their original position after such a change in distance. It may therefore be possible to dispense with the use of additional springs that fulfill this purpose.

In the context of the invention, twisting is understood to mean twisting or torsion (in particular of the chassis of a vehicle about its longitudinal axis).

The measuring device according to the invention can also be used in other technical areas of application, especially in those in which measuring devices for measuring a change in distance are exposed to high loads and adverse environmental influences. If the measuring device is subsequently described only in combination with an off-road vehicle, this should not be seen as a restriction of the field of application, since the measuring device according to the invention - again not restrictively - is also used in watercraft, aircraft, spacecraft, construction machines, conveyor machines, in outdoor use on buildings, etc. can be used.

Due to the curved shape of the spring section in the unloaded state, the distance between the suspensions of the unloaded bracket is less than the length of the spring section. This divergence can be achieved, for example, by the spring section having a single or multiple curved shape, such as a Q-shape, an S-shape, a U-shape, an O-shape or a C-shape. It is also possible within the scope of the invention for the spring section to be angled once or several times and, for example, to have a V-shape or a shape. Since the angles of such a spring section in the measuring device according to the invention have (small) bending radii, the spring section is also to be regarded as curved.

When the suspensions are moved apart, i.e. when the distance between the suspensions is increased, the curvature of the curved spring section is reduced, at least in some areas. When the suspensions move towards each other, i.e. when the distance between the suspensions is reduced, the curvature of the curved spring section is increased, at least in some areas. At the same time, in the unloaded state of the bracket, straight sections become curved when the suspensions move apart or towards each other.

The spring section is so elastic that a change in distance between the suspensions is possible without destruction and without plastic deformation of the bracket.

Within the scope of the invention, at least one further strain gauge (DMS for short) is preferably arranged on the curved spring section. Several strain gauges help to obtain precise measurement results that are independent of environmental influences, such as temperature.

However, the present invention also works if only a single strain gauge is arranged on the curved spring section of the bracket. In this case, the individual strain gauge is preferably connected to three precision resistors in a full bridge (Wheatstone measuring bridge).

If reference is subsequently made to a single strain gauge or an embodiment of the measuring device with a single strain gauge, the relevant statements in the event that the measuring device has more than one strain gauge can also be used within the scope of the invention for all strain gauges or apply to some of the strain gauges or to the measuring device with more than one strain gauge.

The strain gauge is glued to the curved spring section. In particular, the strain gauge or at least one of the strain gauges is arranged on a convex or on a concavely curved side surface of the spring section.

Within the scope of the invention it is provided that the bracket has a substantially Q-shaped, V-shaped or O-shaped shape in the unloaded state. With a bracket shaped like this, a particularly large change in distance can be measured.

In the unloaded state, the spring section of the bracket has a curved section (for example if the bracket has a U-shaped shape not according to the invention) or several, in particular two, curved sections (for example if the bracket has an S-shaped shape not according to the invention) or three curved sections (for example with a Q-shaped bracket).

In embodiments of the bracket according to the invention with a Q-shaped shape, i.e. with three curved sections, for example the arc length of the first and third curved sections is smaller than a quarter circle and the arc length of the second curved section is smaller than a semicircle. However, it is also possible for the arc length of the first and third curved sections to be smaller than a semicircle and the arc length of the second curved section to be smaller than a whole circle.

[0034] Within the scope of the invention, the first suspension can be connected to a connecting element that can be connected to the first reference point, so that the first suspension is indirectly connected to the first reference point. With such an embodiment you can

measure the change in distance between two reference points that are further apart. The connecting element can be, for example, a rigid or elastic slider, a bar, a rod or even a rope, in particular a wire rope. In this case, the connecting element is preferably a tension element, which simplifies assembly.

Within the scope of the invention, embodiments are possible in which the displacement measuring device is arranged in a housing. The bracket is at least partially accommodated in the housing and connected to the housing via the second suspension. The housing can be connected to the second reference point, so that the second suspension is indirectly connected to the second reference point. Such a housing generally protects the components of the measuring device arranged therein from damage caused by external influences, in particular from damage caused by stones, branches, chunks of earth, etc.

Preferably, in an embodiment with a housing, the bracket is completely accommodated in the housing and connected to the first suspension via a connecting element which protrudes in sections from the housing. However, an embodiment is also conceivable in which the bracket itself has an extended, in particular rod-shaped, section which protrudes from the housing.

In an advantageous development, the bracket is completely accommodated in the housing and an interior of the housing is sealed off from the outside in a dirt-tight manner. A seal is arranged between the connecting element and an opening in the housing through which the connecting element projects. In such a further form of development, the components accommodated in the housing are additionally protected against the adhesion of dirt, which could falsify the measurement result. The housing is preferably at least splash-proof, in particular completely waterproof, so that the components contained therein are also protected against corrosion.

Conceivable, although not preferred, is an embodiment similar to the embodiment described above, in which the interior of the housing is also sealed off from the outside in a dirt-tight manner and in which the bracket has a rod-shaped section as described above. In this embodiment, the seal is arranged between the rod-shaped section of the bracket and the opening in the housing through which the rod-shaped section projects.

[0039] Within the scope of the invention it can be provided that the strain gauge is arranged between the spring section and a protective layer. The protective layer preferably consists of a waterproof plastic, for example butyl rubber. The protective layer can be created by applying a sufficiently large amount of hardening adhesive over the strain gauge. The protective layer encloses the strain gauge from all sides (apart from the side that is glued to the spring section), with only the electrical conductors of the strain gauge exiting the protective layer. The protective layer protects the DMS from environmental influences, especially moisture.

In a preferred embodiment, the bracket is designed as a leaf spring, with the suspensions preferably being designed as rolled or curved spring eyes or with through holes, in particular bores. A bracket shaped in this way has particularly favorable elastic behavior. It is conceivable, although not preferred, for the bracket to have a cross section other than that of a narrow rectangle, for example a square cross section.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment it is provided that at least one further strain gauge, preferably more than one further strain gauge, is/are arranged on the curved spring section. The further strain gauge(s) can be arranged on the same side surface of the bracket or in the area of the first strain gauge, but also on other side surfaces or away from the first strain gauge. Using multiple strain gauges increases the precision of the measurement and helps eliminate environmental influences such as temperature fluctuations.

It is particularly preferred if the measuring device is one with the displacement measuring device

has a connected controller, which is set up in such a way that it supplies the strain gauge(s) with a measuring voltage and detects a change in resistance of the strain gauge(s). The data determined by the control device can be forwarded to an output device and/or transmitter device of the measuring device connected to the controller. The control is, for example, a computer.

The output device can display the determined data or data derived therefrom optically, for example as numerical values on a display or a monitor, using a traffic light system, via a scaled dial with a needle, etc. However, the determined data or data derived therefrom can also be displayed acoustically , e.g. in the form of an announcement. In addition or instead, when a certain limit value is exceeded, an optical signal, e.g. a warning flasher, an acoustic signal, e.g. a warning signal, or a haptic signal, e.g. by a vibrating steering wheel, can be emitted.

The transmitting device can be set up to transmit the determined data or data derived therefrom to a receiving device, for example a mobile phone with an application intended for this purpose. It is also conceivable that an output device installed in the vehicle receives the data from the transmitting device connected to the controller.

The bracket of the displacement measuring device of the measuring device according to the invention can be metallic, for example made of steel, aluminum, brass, titanium or a metal alloy, but also non-metallic, for example made of CFRP or GRP. If the bracket is made of metal, in particular a metal other than steel such as aluminum, the suspensions are preferably electrochemically decoupled from the reference points. In embodiments in which the bracket has the shape of a leaf spring, plastic bushings are arranged, for example, in the curved spring eyes or in the through holes at the ends. The electrochemical decoupling can also be achieved by housing the bracket in a housing, in particular made of plastic.

[0046] Within the scope of the invention, the distance measuring device can have further brackets in addition to the bracket or the bracket of the position measuring device can consist of several individual brackets connected to one another.

For example, in a distance measuring device, two identically shaped brackets can be arranged next to one another and connected to one another at their suspensions, so that the brackets are bent parallel to one another and to the same extent when measuring the change in distance. Such a distance measuring device is less susceptible to failure. It is also conceivable within the scope of the invention that, in an arrangement with two parallel brackets, differently shaped brackets are used, as long as the distance between the suspensions of the brackets is the same in the unloaded state. With such distance measuring devices, environmental factors can be better compensated.

[0048] It is also possible within the scope of the invention for the bracket to be composed of two or more than two individual brackets connected to one another, each of which preferably has one or more features of the bracket already described. The individual brackets are connected to each other “in series”, i.e. each individual bracket is connected to each neighboring individual bracket on one of its suspensions. Within the scope of the invention, the individual brackets lined up one behind the other and connected to one another form the bracket of the distance measuring device. Both the first and the last of the interconnected individual brackets each have a suspension that is not connected to another individual bracket. These suspensions therefore form the first or second suspension of the bracket of the distance measuring device. With a bracket made up of individual brackets lined up in this way (in series), a very large change in distance or a change in distance between two reference points that are relatively far apart from one another can be measured.

The invention further relates to a vehicle, in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis. The vehicle has a chassis that can be rotated about the longitudinal axis and a substantially torsionally rigid support structure mounted on the chassis. The support structure

tion is firmly connected to the chassis at a front or rear end, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The chassis has a reference point and the support structure has a further reference point, with the reference points moving away from one another and/or towards one another when the chassis is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the vehicle has a measuring device with at least one distance measuring device, which is connected to the reference point of the chassis and the reference point of the support structure and with which a change in distance between the reference points can be measured. The measuring device is a measuring device according to one of the previously described embodiments. The reference point of the chassis is the first reference point and the reference point of the support structure is the second reference point, or vice versa.

The reference points are selected in such a way that a rotation of the chassis relative to the support structure can be determined due to the change in distance between the reference points. Since the support structure is essentially designed to be torsionally rigid and can therefore hardly or not be rotated at all, the rotation of the chassis relative to the support structure provides information about the extent of the rotation of the chassis.

During operation of the vehicle, the rotation of the chassis about its longitudinal axis is generally more than an order of magnitude greater than the rotation of the chassis about an axis transverse to its longitudinal axis. In one of the vehicles according to the invention, the measuring device according to the invention essentially serves to determine the rotation of the chassis about its longitudinal axis. However, it is also possible to use the measuring device according to the invention to measure the rotation of the chassis about an axis transverse to its longitudinal axis in one of the vehicles according to the invention.

[0052] Within the scope of the invention, the fixed connection between the support structure and the chassis is to be understood as fixed in the sense of an impossible rotation about the longitudinal axis of the chassis, i.e. that the support structure is at the end at which the fixed connection exists Point cannot be rotated relative to the chassis. However, pivoting the support structure relative to the chassis about a pivot axis aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis can be possible with such a connection, for example by making the fixed connection via a tilt or pivot joint. Within the scope of the invention, the fixed connection can also be arranged at a distance from the front or rear end.

[0053] Within the scope of the invention, the support structure can be part of a load or passenger transport device or a mobile living facility, but also part of a driving cabin.

[0054] Within the scope of the invention, the bracket of the measuring device preferably runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis, i.e. that an imaginary connecting line between the suspensions of the bracket, regardless of whether it runs essentially in a vertical or horizontal direction, is in any case aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle .

Within the scope of the invention, an embodiment is possible in which the support structure is mounted movably relative to the chassis at the end that is not firmly connected to the chassis. Such a movable bearing is provided, for example, if the support structure at that end that is not firmly connected to the chassis has a pivot bearing arranged centrally as seen transversely to the longitudinal axis, which allows the chassis to pivot relative to the support structure about a pivot axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the Vehicle allows to be movably (i.e. not permanently) connected to the chassis. The pivot bearing can also be arranged at a distance from its respective end. A storage in which the support structure is mounted at its respective end so that it can essentially be lifted off the chassis is also conceivable within the scope of the invention.

Within the scope of the invention it can be provided that the reference point of the support structure is positioned above, i.e. in the vertical direction above, the reference point of the chassis, with the reference points preferably in a side or corner area, in particular

are positioned at the end of the support structure that is not firmly connected to the chassis. Such an arrangement is particularly easy to implement since vehicles can generally have a large number of reference points aligned in this way.

In an alternative embodiment, the reference point of the support structure is positioned on a projection of the support structure, for example a rod, essentially laterally next to the reference point of the chassis. It is also possible within the scope of the invention that the reference point of the chassis is positioned on a projection of the chassis essentially to the side of the reference point of the support structure, or that both reference points are positioned on respective projections of the chassis and the support structure. The projection or projections is/are preferably aligned essentially vertically when the chassis is not twisted. In such an embodiment, the support structure is preferably connected to the chassis via the pivot bearing already described, with the projection or projections being/are arranged in the area of the pivot bearing. The advantage of this embodiment is that the rotation of the chassis can be determined particularly easily using a single distance measuring device.

The invention also relates to a further, alternative vehicle, in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis and a chassis that can be rotated about the longitudinal axis. In this vehicle, the chassis has a first reference point and a second reference point, which moves away from or towards the first reference point of the chassis when the chassis is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis. The vehicle also has a measuring device with at least one distance measuring device, which is connected to the reference points of the chassis and with which a change in distance between the reference points can be measured. The measuring device is a measuring device according to one of the previously described embodiments.

The invention relates to a further, alternative vehicle, in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis, a chassis that can be rotated about the longitudinal axis, a support structure that is firmly connected to the chassis and a driver's cab, to which a front wall of the support structure faces. In this vehicle, the driver's cab has a reference point and the support structure has a further reference point, which move away from or towards each other when the chassis is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis. The vehicle has a measuring device with at least one distance measuring device, which is connected to the reference point of the driver's cab and the reference point of the support structure and with which a change in distance between the reference points can be measured. The measuring device is a measuring device according to one of the previously described embodiments.

The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis, a chassis that can be rotated about the longitudinal axis and a driver's cab. In this vehicle, the chassis has a first reference point which, when the chassis is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis, moves away from or towards a second reference point in the driver's cab. The vehicle has a measuring device with at least one distance measuring device, which is connected to the reference points of the chassis and the driver's cab and with which a change in distance between the reference points can be measured. The measuring device is a measuring device according to one of the previously described embodiments.

[0061] The reference points are selected in all vehicles according to the invention in such a way that, due to the change in distance between the reference points, a rotation of the chassis, in particular the rotation of the chassis about its longitudinal axis, but also the rotation of the vehicle about an axis running transversely to its longitudinal axis, is determined can be.

It is advantageous if the vehicle according to the invention has a driver's cab and a support structure connected to the chassis, a front wall of the support structure faces the driver's cab, and a scale, in particular a scale that runs essentially horizontally, is attached to the front wall. Using this scale, the twisting of the with

The driver's cab, which is firmly connected to the chassis, can be determined in relation to the support structure, since depending on the extent of the rotation of the chassis, a side wall of the driver's cab is aligned with a different graduation line on the scale, which can be determined via the side mirror. Alternatively, the side mirror can also have a marking which - depending on the extent of the rotation of the chassis - is located in a different area of the scale visible in the side mirror.

Alternatively or additionally, a further scale can be applied to a side mirror surface, with the rotation of the support structure relative to the driver's cab being visible in the side mirror due to the position of the mirrored side edge or a marking of the front wall on the scale.

Another conceivable possibility within the scope of the invention for determining the rotation of the chassis is to arrange an optical device on the driver's cab for detecting a lateral displacement of a reference point located on the front wall relative to the driver's cab. This reference point can be, for example, the side edge of the front wall, a point on it or a mark on the front wall.

[0065] In all previously described embodiments, the scale and/or the marking can be arranged on a heated support element and/or illuminated and/or self-illuminating. The scale and/or the marking can also be used completely independently and detached from the measuring device according to the invention in order to indicate the extent of twisting or torsion of the chassis.

[0066] Within the scope of the invention, the measuring device installed in the vehicle can have more than one distance measuring device, in particular two, three or four distance measuring devices.

[0067] Preferably - but not necessarily - these are constructed essentially the same, although this only refers to the basic structure. Within the scope of the invention it can certainly be provided that all or at least some of the distance measuring devices are of different sizes or have different dimensions, i.e. have brackets with differently curved or differently shaped spring sections and / or suspensions spaced at different distances in the unloaded state. Individual distance measuring devices can also differ from the others with regard to other features described above.

[0068] The particular central arrangement of a single displacement measuring device, on the other hand, has the advantage that a single-channel measuring amplifier can be used together with the measuring device.

In some embodiments of the vehicle, several measuring devices may be advantageous or necessary in order to be able to determine the rotation of the chassis in all situations. However, several position measuring devices can also serve as a safety measure in order to compensate for the failure of a single position measuring device or to increase the measurement accuracy of the extent of rotation of the chassis.

[0070] In embodiments with multiple displacement measuring devices, at least some of the displacement measuring devices can be arranged in parallel and/or in series. When the distance measuring devices are arranged in parallel, they are essentially arranged next to one another, so that both distance measuring devices measure the same change in distance. Such an arrangement can reduce the susceptibility of the measuring device to failure. When the distance measuring devices are arranged in series, the distance measuring devices are essentially arranged one behind the other and connected to one another, so that the change in distance between the reference points is recorded proportionately by the distance measuring devices connected to one another. With such an arrangement, larger changes in distance or distance changes between two reference points that are relatively far apart can be measured.

[0071] Preferably, the measuring device has a controller connected to the displacement measuring device or the displacement measuring devices, which is connected to a data memory,

in which data of the vehicle, i.e. vehicle data or characteristics, in particular chassis data or characteristics, are stored. The control is set up in such a way that it compares the change in distance between the reference points detected by the distance measuring device with the stored vehicle data. From this comparison, the control can, for example, determine the extent of the rotation of the chassis. The control can also be connected to other sensors, such as differently constructed distance measuring devices, temperature sensors, inclination sensors, acceleration sensors, speed sensors, etc.

In an advantageous embodiment of the vehicle, the measuring device has a transmitting device connected to the controller, which is set up to transmit data regarding the extent of rotation of the chassis to at least one receiver. The data transmission is preferably carried out wirelessly, for example using Bluetooth or another radio technology. An output device, as described below as an example, but also a mobile receiving device, such as a cell phone with a corresponding application, can serve as a receiver.

[0073] Within the scope of the invention, the measuring device preferably has an output device which is connected to the control and/or possibly acts as a receiver of the transmitting device. This output device is set up to display at least one characteristic value of the rotation of the chassis digitally or analogously and/or at When a predefined limit value or several predefined limit values of the rotation are exceeded, an optical and/or acoustic and/or haptic signal is emitted. In this regard, reference is made to the output devices of the measuring device described above, since the output device of the vehicle can simultaneously be the output device of the measuring device or can have the same features.

[0074] Within the scope of the invention, the measuring device is preferably arranged in such a way that a change in distance between the reference points in the vertical direction or horizontal direction can be measured. However, it is also conceivable that the measuring device can be used to measure both a change in distance between the reference points in the vertical direction and a change in distance between the reference points in the horizontal direction.

Also conceivable within the scope of the invention is a measuring device in which the first and/or the second suspension is already shaped like a component of a vehicle with which the measuring device is to be used. For example, the first or second suspension can take the form of a steel beam, a connecting element, a cross brace, etc. In a vehicle with a measuring device according to the invention, components of the vehicle between which a reference movement is to be measured can be monolithically connected to one another via the bracket of the measuring device. These components are part of both the vehicle and the measuring device. Embodiments in which one of the suspensions has the shape of a component of a vehicle and the other suspension is designed to be connected to a component of a vehicle are also possible within the scope of the invention.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following description with reference to the attached drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown. It shows:

1 shows a schematic of a measuring device according to the invention,

2 to 4 different embodiments according to the invention and not according to the invention of brackets of a distance measuring device of the measuring device according to the invention,

5 shows an embodiment of the displacement measuring device with a housing, FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the displacement measuring device with a protective layer,

7 shows a detail from FIG. 6 in a sectional view,

8 shows a vehicle according to the invention according to a first embodiment in an isometric view,

9 and 10 simplified cross sections through the vehicle from FIG. 8,

11 shows the vehicle according to the invention according to a further embodiment in an isometric view,

12 a detail from FIG. 11,

13 shows a simplified cross section through the vehicle from FIG. 11,

14 shows a further simplified cross section through the vehicle according to the invention according to a further embodiment,

15 shows the vehicle according to the invention according to yet another embodiment in a front view,

16 shows a detail from FIG. 15 according to yet another embodiment,

17 shows a detail from FIG. 15 according to yet another embodiment,

18 shows a side mirror of the vehicle according to the invention,

19 shows the vehicle according to the invention according to yet another embodiment in an isometric view,

20 shows the vehicle according to the invention according to yet another embodiment in an isometric view,

21 shows a detail from FIG. 20,

22 shows a simplified cross section through the vehicle according to FIG. 20,

23 shows a simplified representation of a bracket of the distance measuring device in a

a loaded and a relieved state, and

24 to 30 different embodiments of the bracket according to the invention and not according to the invention, each in an isometric view.

1 shows a measuring device 1 according to the invention in a schematic view. The measuring device 1 has at least one displacement measuring device 2, which is shown in an isometric view and enlarged in FIG. 1.

The distance measuring device 2 has a bracket 3 with a first suspension 4 at one end and a second suspension 5 at the other end. In the embodiment shown, the bracket 3 has the shape of a leaf spring and the suspensions 4, 5 are designed as rolled spring eyes.

The first suspension 4 is connected to a first reference point 7 and the second suspension 5 to a second reference point 8.

In the embodiment shown, the first reference point 7 is located on a support section 9 and the second reference point 8 is on a support section 10, the support sections 9, 10 being shown cut away for better illustration. The suspensions 4, 5, designed as spring eyes, are pivotally connected to the reference points 7, 8 via pins 11.

The carrier sections 9, 10 can be arranged on any device whose distance changes are to be detected. In connection with a vehicle 27 according to FIGS. 8 to 18, the carrier section 9 can be arranged, for example, on a chassis 28 and the carrier section 10 on a support structure 29.

The reference points 7, 8 have a variable distance D from one another and move towards or away from one another when the distance AD changes.

The bracket 3 has a curved and elastic spring section 12 running between the suspensions 4, 5. In the embodiment shown, this spring section 12 is shaped such that the bracket 3 has a Q-shaped shape in the unloaded or undeformed state. The spring section 12 is therefore shaped in such a way that it bends when the distance AD changes.

[00105] If there is a negative change in distance AD, i.e. if the distance D between the reference points 7, 8 is reduced, the curvature of the spring section 12 is increased, so that the convex side surface 13 of the spring section is stretched.

[00106] On the other hand, with a positive change in distance AD, i.e. with an increase in the distance D between the reference points 7, 8, the curvature of the spring section 12 is reduced, so that the convex side surface 13 of the spring section 12 is compressed, i.e. shortened.

Due to the elasticity of the spring section 12, the bracket 3 strives to return to its initial state.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two strain gauges 14 (DMS) are arranged, in particular glued, on the convex side surface 13, which are supplied with a measuring voltage via conductors 15. For this purpose, the measuring device 1 preferably has a controller 16 connected to the distance measuring device 2 via the conductors 15.

When the bracket is bent, i.e. when the convex side surface 13 is compressed and stretched, the resistance of the strain gauge 14 arranged thereon changes. From this change in resistance, the controller 16 can determine the magnitude of the change in distance AD.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the measuring device according to the invention has three distance measuring devices 2, each with two strain gauges 14 connected to the controller 16 via conductors 15. However, the measuring device 1 according to the invention can also have only a single position measuring device 2, only two position measuring devices 2 or even more than three position measuring devices 2. Likewise, each of the distance measuring devices 2 can have only one strain gauge 14 or more than two strain gauges 14, for example four strain gauges 14.

Preferably, the controller 16 - as shown in Fig. 1 - is connected to at least one output device 17, via which an optical, acoustic and / or haptic signal can be output or emitted.

The controller 16 is preferably connected to a data memory 18 or such a data memory 18 is an integrated part of the controller 16.

The controller 16 is preferably also connected to a transmitting device 19, which is connected wirelessly, for example via radio, to a receiver 20.

2 to 4 show different geometric embodiments according to the invention and not according to the invention of the bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 of the measuring device 1 according to the invention. In all three embodiments, the bracket 3 has the shape of a leaf spring with rolled eyes as suspensions 4, 5.

In Fig. 2, the spring section 12 of the bracket 3 not according to the invention essentially has only a single curvature section with a very large radius of curvature. The change in distance AD, which can be measured with a distance measuring device 2 with such a bracket 3, is therefore only relatively small. The measurement accuracy is relatively high.

3 and 4, however, the spring section 12 of the bracket 3 each has essentially three curvature sections, with the lateral curvature sections adjacent to the connections 4, 5 being curved in the opposite direction to the central curvature section running between them. The change in distance AD, which can be measured with the distance measuring devices 2 equipped with it, is correspondingly larger and the measurement accuracy is smaller.

The bracket 3 according to FIG. 2 has a C-shaped shape and the brackets 3 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 have a Q-shaped shape.

5 shows an embodiment of the distance measuring device 2, in which the bracket 3 is arranged in a dirt-tight housing 21.

The bracket 3 is connected at its first suspension 4 to one end of a connecting element 22, which protrudes at least in sections from the housing 21 through an opening 23. A seal 24 is arranged between the connecting element 22 and the opening 23.

The other end of the connecting element 22 can be connected to the first reference point 7. The first suspension 4 can thus be connected to the first reference point 7 (indirectly via the connecting element 22).

The conductors 15 of the DMS 14 are led out of the housing 21 through further, preferably sealed, openings 25.

The second suspension 5 of the bracket 3 is pivotally connected to the housing 21, for example via a pin 11. Since the housing 21 can be connected to the second reference point 8, for example screwed onto it, the second suspension 5 can also be connected to the second reference point 8 (indirectly via the housing 21).

6 shows the cut-out section of the spring section 12 of the bracket 3 according to a further embodiment with two strain gauges 14 applied to the convex side surface 13 of the spring section 12.

One of the strain gauges 14 is accommodated between a protective layer 26 and the spring section 12 or its convex side surface 13, so that the strain gauge 14 is protected from environmental influences, for example moisture or dirt. The conductors 15 of the DMS 14 lead out of the protective layer 26. The protective layer 26 can be provided alternatively or in addition to the housing 21.

7 shows a sectional view through the strain gauge 14 sealed by means of the protective layer 26 along the section plane VII-VII shown in FIG. 6.

[00126] Although only one of the strain gauges 14 is sealed with the protective layer 26 in FIG own protective layer 26 and the spring section 12 arranged.

The protective layer 26 consists, for example, of a plastic, such as butyl rubber, which is applied to the strain gauge 14 in the uncured state.

8 to 18 show embodiments of a vehicle 27 according to the invention with different types of arrangement of a measuring device 1 according to the invention or details of such embodiments.

The vehicle 27 according to the invention with a longitudinal axis L each has a chassis 28 which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis L and a substantially torsionally rigid support structure 29.

8 shows a first embodiment of the vehicle 27 in an isometric view. In order to illustrate the rotation of the chassis 28, both the axis of rotation 30 of the front wheels 31 and the axis of rotation 32 of the rear wheels 33 are shown.

8, the support structure 29 is firmly connected to the chassis 28 with a rear end 34, so that the support structure 29 cannot rotate relative to the chassis 28 about the longitudinal axis L at this point. The support structure 29 rests on the chassis 28 with a front end 35 and is protected against lateral slipping by securing elements 36.

When the chassis 28 is rotated, the support structure 29 lifts on one side

in the area of the front end 35 from the chassis 28.

9 and 10 each show a simplified representation of a cross section of the vehicle 27 according to FIG. 8 in the area of the front end 35 of the support structure 29.

The bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 is connected to the first reference point 7 on the support structure 29 via its first suspension 4. The bracket 3 is connected to the second reference point 5 on the chassis 28 via the second suspension 5.

9, the bracket 3 is arranged such that it is bent substantially transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 27. In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, however, the bracket 3 is essentially bent in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. An arrangement of the measuring device 1 is also conceivable, in which the bracket 3 is arranged such that it is bent obliquely to the longitudinal axis L.

However, it is common to all embodiments that the distance between the two suspensions 4, 5 increases when the chassis 28 twists about the longitudinal axis L because the support structure 29 is on one side (in the example shown on the left side ) lifts off the chassis 28 while it remains on the chassis 28 on the other side. The resulting change in distance between the suspensions 4, 5 is recorded by the distance measuring device 2 and can be further processed or evaluated and displayed as described.

9 and 10 always only show a single distance measuring device 2 or a single bracket 3 - arranged centrally when viewed transversely to the longitudinal axis L -, the measuring device 1 according to the invention installed in the vehicle 27 can also have more than one distance measuring device 2 exhibit. For example, a displacement measuring device 2 can be arranged on each side in the area of the front end 35. This makes it easy to detect, for example, the direction in which the chassis 28 twists.

11 shows a further embodiment of the vehicle 27 according to the invention in an isometric view, the axes of rotation 30, 32 of the front wheels 31 and rear wheels 33 being shown as in FIG. 8.

In the vehicle 27 according to FIG. 11, the support structure 29 is connected to the chassis 28 in a torsionally rigid manner in a central region between the front end 35 and the rear end 34 with respect to the longitudinal axis L. In the area of the front end 35, the support structure 29 is connected to the chassis 28 via a pivot bearing 37, which is centrally arranged as seen transversely to the longitudinal axis L. The pivot bearing 37 enables the support structure 29 to be pivoted or tilted relative to the chassis 28 about a pivot axis S running parallel to the longitudinal axis L.

12 shows a detailed view of a section DS of the pivot bearing 37 in the area of the front end 35 of the support structure 29.

13 shows a cross section of the vehicle 27 from FIG. 11 in the area of the front end 35 of the support structure 29 in a simplified representation.

In the embodiment shown, the part of the pivot bearing 37 belonging to the support structure 29 has a projection 38 in the form of a rod which projects into the structure of the chassis 28. When the chassis 28 is not twisted, i.e. when the chassis 28 runs essentially parallel to the support structure 29, the projection 38 projects essentially vertically downwards in the form of a rod of the support structure 29.

The bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 shown in FIG. 13 is in the form of a rod with its first suspension 4 with the first reference point 7 at the free end 39 of the projection 38 and with its second suspension 5 with the second reference point 8 on the chassis 28 tied together. The curved spring section 12 of the bracket 3 runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 27.

When the chassis 28 is rotated, the support structure 29 pivots on the

Pivot bearing 37 about the pivot axis S, so that the free end 39 of the projection 38 designed as a rod is pivoted towards one side of the chassis 28 (to the left in the example according to FIG. 13). The first reference point 7 at the free end 39 thus moves away from the second reference point 8 on the chassis 28. If the chassis 28 twists in the other direction, the first reference point 7 at the free end 39 of the projection 38 designed as a rod moves towards the second reference point 8 on the chassis 28.

14 shows, in a simplified representation like FIG. 13, a cross section of the vehicle 27 according to the invention in the area of the front end 35 of the support structure 29.

In the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the projection 38 is not connected to the support structure 29, but to the chassis 28. The projection 38 projects upwards away from the chassis 28.

14, the bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 according to the invention is connected with its first suspension 4 to the first reference point 7, which is located on the part of the pivot bearing 37 belonging to the support structure 29. With its second suspension 5, the bracket 3 is connected to the second reference point 8 at the free end 39 of the projection 38, which projects away from the chassis 28. In this embodiment too, the curved spring section 12 of the bracket 3 runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the vehicle 27.

14, when the chassis 28 is rotated on the pivot bearing 37, the support structure 29 pivots about the pivot axis S, so that the first reference point 7 on the part of the pivot bearing 37 belonging to the support structure 29 towards one side of the chassis 28 is pivoted (to the right in the example according to FIG. 14). The first reference point 7 thus moves towards the second reference point 8, which is arranged on the projection 38 connected to the chassis 28. If the chassis 28 twists in the other direction, the first reference point 7 moves away from the second reference point 8, which is arranged on the projection 38 connected to the chassis 28.

In the case of a vehicle 27 which has the measuring device 1 with a data memory 18, vehicle data for the respective reference points 7, 8 are stored in the data memory 18. Using this vehicle data, the distance changes AD measured at the respective reference points 7, 8 can be evaluated. Thus, the distance measuring device 2 or the distance measuring devices 2 can be mounted at different, predetermined locations between the chassis 28 and the support structure 29 and their measurement data can be processed.

In the simplest case, the vehicle data stored in the data memory 18 are one or more threshold values for permissible distance changes AD for the respective reference point 7, 8, which means that if the threshold value or values are exceeded, an output in the form of an optical and/or acoustic and/or haptic Signal can be done. However, since exceeding a lower threshold value more frequently can have a similar damaging effect on the chassis 28 as a single or rare exceeding of a higher threshold value, threshold values for cumulative distance changes AD can also be stored in the data memory 18.

15 to 19 further systems are described with which the rotation of the chassis 28 can be determined. These systems can be used in addition or as an alternative to measuring the rotation with the aid of the displacement measuring device 2.

Embodiments of vehicles 27 are therefore also conceivable in which only the systems described below are used for measuring the rotation of the chassis 28, without the vehicle 27 having a measuring device 1 according to the invention with at least one distance measuring device 2. Only one of the systems or a combination of several systems can be used.

15 shows the vehicle 27 according to the invention with a twisted chassis 28 in a front view. A driver's cab 40 is usually, i.e. apart from the driver's cab-

NEN 40 provided damping devices, rigidly connected to the rotatable chassis 28 in a front area and movably mounted on the chassis 28 in a rear area. In the embodiment shown, the support structure 29 has a structure with a front wall 41 arranged in the area of the front end 35.

A point-shaped, essentially horizontally extending scale 42 is attached to the front wall 41 on both sides. The scale 42 can, for example, be glued, painted, welded, screwed or riveted to the front wall 41.

When the chassis 28 is rotated, the driver's cab 40 and the support structure 29 with the structure pivot laterally relative to one another, so that the extent of the rotation of the chassis 28 can be read on the scale 42 in the side mirror 43 based on the position of the alignment of the side wall 44 of the driver's cab 40 can be.

The scale 42 is preferably attached to both sides of the front wall 41, but it can also only be attached to the driver's side or the passenger's side.

16 and 17 each show a detailed section DV from FIG. 15 with a part of the driver's cab 40 and the front wall 41 according to further possible embodiments.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the scale 42 does not have dot-shaped markings, but rather line-shaped markings.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, the scale 42 is mounted on a heatable panel 45.

18 shows another simple system for determining the degree of rotation of the chassis 28. For this purpose, at least one of the side mirrors 43 has a scale 42 applied to the side mirror surface 48, for example painted or glued on. When the chassis 28 is rotated, the driver's cab 40 also pivots relative to the support structure 29 with the structure, so that the degree of torsion of the chassis 28 can be determined on the scale 42 based on the position of a front side edge 46 of the front wall 41 reflected in the side mirror 43.

So that the sitting position of the person inside the driver's cab 40, which determines the degree of torsion of the chassis 28 using the scale 42 on the side mirror surface 48, has no influence on the value read by the person on the scale 42, the side mirror 43 ( or the side mirrors 43) also have a reference line RL on the side mirror surface 48 in addition to the scale 42. This reference line RL must coincide with the reflection of the side wall 44 of the driver's cab 40 when reading the value from the scale 42, i.e. when checking which point or line-shaped marking on the scale 42 coincides with the reflection of the front side edge 46 of the front wall 41.

The side mirror 43 shown in FIG. 18 can be used independently of or together with all previously described embodiments of the vehicle 27 (with or without the measuring device 1).

19 shows a further system for determining the degree of rotation of the chassis 28, this system having an optical sensor 47, for example in the form of a camera. When the chassis 28 is rotated and the driver's cab 40 is pivoted at the same time, the optical sensor 47 detects the lateral displacement of a reference point or a reference edge of the front wall 41 relative to the driver's cab 40. The side edge 46, for example, can serve as a reference edge.

19 with the optical sensor 47 can also be used independently of or together with all previously described embodiments of the vehicle 27 (with or without the measuring device 1).

In the vehicle 27 according to the invention according to FIG.

rest on the support seats 52 of the chassis 28, freely stored.

21, which represents a detailed view of a section DF of the free storage according to FIG. 20, it can be seen that when the chassis 28 is rotated about its longitudinal axis L, at least one of the support elements 51 lifts off from the corresponding support seat 52, so that a Distance change AD between the support element 51 and the support seat 52 takes place.

22 shows a cross section of the vehicle 27 in the area of free storage in the rear area 50 of the driver's cab 40, with the distance measuring device 2, which has been omitted in FIGS. 20 and 21 for reasons of clarity, shown in a simplified form in FIG is.

22, the first reference point 7, to which the first suspension 4 of the distance measuring device 2 is connected, is located on the support seat 52, which is a component of the chassis 28.

The second reference point 8, to which the second suspension 5 of the distance measuring device 2 is connected, is located on the support element 51, which is part of the driver's cab 40.

23 shows an embodiment of the bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 of the measuring device 1 according to the invention once in an unloaded state (dashed line) and once in a loaded state (solid line).

23, the distance D between the suspensions 4, 5 of the bracket 3 is increased, so that a positive change in distance AD takes place, and the radii of curvature of the curved regions of the spring section 12 of the bracket 3 are increased.

24 to 30 show different shapes according to the invention and not according to the invention that the bracket 3 of the distance measuring device 2 of the measuring device 1 according to the invention can assume within the scope of the invention. This merely represents a selection of possible shapes, although the bracket 3 can also assume other shapes (not shown) within the scope of the invention.

In all of the embodiments shown, the curved spring section 12 is located between the first suspension 4 and the second suspension 5 of the bracket 3. The spring section 12 can be bent in one or more areas in the unloaded state and of different sizes in several bending areas Have radii of curvature.

In Fig. 24 the bracket 3 not according to the invention is essentially S-shaped, in Fig. 25 the bracket 3 not according to the invention is essentially U-shaped, in Fig. 26 the bracket 3 according to the invention is essentially V-shaped, in Fig. 27 the bracket 3 not according to the invention is essentially ]-shaped, in Fig. 28 the bracket 3 according to the invention is essentially Q-shaped, in Fig. 29 the bracket 3 not according to the invention is essentially C-shaped and in Fig. 30, the bracket 3 according to the invention is essentially O-shaped, with a gap being formed between the two suspensions 4, 5 in the bracket 3 in the O-shaped embodiment.

REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST:

1 measuring device

2 distance measuring device

3 hangers

4 first suspension

5 second suspension

6 spring section

7 first reference point

8 second reference point

9 first carrier section 10 second carrier section 11 pin

12 spring section

13 convex side surface 14 strain gauges (DMS) 15 conductors

16 Control

17 output device

18 data storage

19 transmission device

20 recipients

21 housing

22 connecting element 23 opening

24 seal

25 more opening

26 protective layer

27 vehicle

28 chassis

29 support construction

30 B rotation axle front wheels

31 front wheel

32 rotation axis rear wheels

33 rear wheel

34 rear end

35 front end

36 Securing element 37 Pivot bearing 38 Projection

39 free ending

40 driver's cab

41 front wall

42 scale

43 side mirrors

44 sidewall

45 panel

46 side edge

47 optical sensor 48 side mirror surface 49 front area 50 rear area

51 support element

52 support seat

D distance

AD distance change

L longitudinal axis

S pivot axis

DS detail pivot bearing DV detail front wall

DF Detail of driver's cabin

RL reference line

Claims (21)

Patent claims 1. Measuring device (1) for measuring a change in distance (AD) between a first reference point (7) and a second reference point (8) with at least one distance measuring device (2), the distance measuring device (2) having a bracket (3) with a first suspension (4), which can be connected to the first reference point (7), with a second suspension (5), which can be connected to the second reference point (8), and with an elastic spring section (4) running between the suspensions (4, 5). 12), wherein the spring section (12) is bent in the unloaded state, and at least one strain gauge (14) is arranged on the spring section (12) bent in the unloaded state, characterized in that the bracket (3) in the unloaded state has an im Essentially Q-shaped, V-shaped or O-shaped. 2. Measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first suspension (4) is connected to a connecting element (22), and that the connecting element (22) can be connected to the first reference point (7), so that the first suspension (4) can be indirectly connected to the first reference point (7). 3. Measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance measuring device (2) is arranged in a housing (21) in which the bracket (3) is accommodated at least in sections, in particular completely, that the bracket (3) is over the second suspension (5) is connected to the housing (21), and that the housing (21) can be connected to the second reference point (8), so that the second suspension (5) can be indirectly connected to the second reference point (8). 4. Measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bracket (3) is completely accommodated in the housing (21), that an interior of the housing (21) is sealed from the outside in a dirt-tight manner, and that between the connecting element (22) and a Opening (23) in the housing (21), through which the connecting element (22) can be moved, a seal (24) is arranged. 5. Measuring device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the strain gauge (14) is arranged between the spring section (12) and a protective layer (26), the protective layer (26) preferably consisting of butyl rubber. 6. Measuring device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bracket (3) is designed as a leaf spring, the suspensions (4, 5) preferably being designed as rolled or curved spring eyes or with through holes, in particular bores. 7. Measuring device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one further strain gauge (14) is arranged on the curved spring section (12). 8. Measuring device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has a control (16) connected to the displacement measuring device (2), which is set up in such a way that it connects the strain gauge or strain gauges (14) with a Measuring voltage is supplied and a change in resistance of the strain gauge or strain gauges (14) is recorded. 9. Measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has at least one output device (17) and / or transmitting device (19) connected to the controller (16). 10. Vehicle (27), in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis (L), the vehicle (27) having a chassis (28) which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L) and a substantially torsionally rigid support structure (29) mounted on the chassis (28). ), wherein the support structure (29), viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L), is firmly connected to the chassis (28) at its front end (35) or its rear end (34), the chassis (28) being a reference point ( 7, 8) and the support structure (29) provide another reference point 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Austrian AT 525 707 B1 2023-12-15 (8, 7), wherein the reference points (7, 8) move away from or towards each other when the chassis (28) is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis (L), and wherein the vehicle (27) has a measuring device ( 1) with at least one distance measuring device (2), which is connected to the reference point (7, 8) of the chassis (28) and the reference point (8, 7) of the support structure (29) and with which a change in distance (AD) between the Reference points (7, 8) can be measured, characterized in that the measuring device (1) is a measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9. Vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the support structure (29) is movably mounted relative to the chassis (28) at that end (34, 35) which is not firmly connected to the chassis (28), in particular that the support structure ( 29) at that end (34, 35) that is not firmly connected to the chassis (28), via a centrally arranged pivot bearing (37), the pivot axis (S) of which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis (L), to the chassis (28 ) is pivotally connected. Vehicle according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the reference point (8, 7) of the support structure (29) is positioned above the reference point (7, 8) of the chassis (28), the reference points (7, 8) preferably being in one Side or corner area, in particular at the end (34, 35), which is not firmly connected to the chassis (28), the support structure (29) are positioned. Vehicle according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the reference point (8, 7) of the support structure (29) is on a projection (38), in particular a rod, of the support structure (29) essentially to the side of the reference point (7, 8) of the Chassis (28) is positioned and / or that the reference point (7, 8) of the chassis (28) is positioned on a projection (38) of the chassis (28) substantially to the side of the reference point (8, 7) of the support structure (29). , wherein preferably the support structure (29) is connected to the chassis (28) via the pivot bearing (37) and the projection (38), in particular the rod, is arranged in the area of the pivot bearing (37). Vehicle (27), in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis (L), the vehicle (27) having a chassis (28) which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L), the chassis (28) having a first reference point (7), which When the chassis (28) is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis (L), it moves away from or towards a second reference point (8) of the chassis (28), and the vehicle (28) has a measuring device (1). at least one distance measuring device (2) which is connected to the reference points (7, 8) of the chassis (28) and with which a change in distance (AD) between the reference points (7, 8) can be measured, characterized in that the measuring device ( 1) is a measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9. Vehicle (27), in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis (L), the vehicle (27) having a chassis (28) which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L), a support structure (29) which is firmly connected to the chassis (28), and a driver's cab (40), which has a front wall (41) facing the support structure (29), the driver's cab (40) having a reference point (7) and the support structure (29) having a further reference point (8), the reference points ( 7, 8) move away from or towards each other when the chassis (28) is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis (L), and the vehicle (27) has a measuring device (1) with at least one distance measuring device (2). is connected to the reference point (7) of the driver's cab (40) and the reference point (8) of the support structure (29) and with which a change in distance (AD) between the reference points (7, 8) can be measured, characterized in that the measuring device ( 1) is a measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9. Vehicle (27), in particular a truck, with a longitudinal axis (L), the vehicle (27) having a chassis (28) which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L) and a driver's cab (40), the chassis (28) having a first reference point (7), which moves away from or towards a second reference point (8) of the driver's cab (40) when the chassis (28) is rotated, in particular about the longitudinal axis (L), and whereby the Vehicle (28) has a measuring device (1) with at least one distance measuring device (2), which is connected to the reference points (7, 8) of the chassis (28) and the driver's cab (40) and with which a change in distance (AD) between the Reference points (7, 8) can be measured, characterized in that the measuring device (1) is a measuring device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9. 17. Vehicle according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has more than one distance measuring device (2), in particular two, three or four distance measuring devices (2), which are preferably constructed essentially the same. 18. Vehicle according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has a controller (16) connected to the distance measuring device (2) or the distance measuring devices (2), which has a data memory (18) for data from the vehicle (27), and which is set up in such a way that it measures the distance change(s) (AD) between the reference points (7, 8) measured by the distance measuring device (2) or the distance measuring devices (28) with stored data of the vehicle (27 ) compares. 19. Vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has a transmitting device (19) connected to the controller (16), which is set up to transmit data relating to at least one characteristic value of the rotation, preferably wirelessly, to at least one receiver (20) to be transmitted. 20. Vehicle according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the measuring device (1) has an output device (17) connected to the controller (16) and / or possibly acting as a receiver (20) of the transmitting device (19), which is used for this purpose is set up to display at least one characteristic value of the rotation of the chassis (28) digitally or analogously and / or emits an optical and / or acoustic and / or haptic signal when a predefined limit value of the rotation is exceeded. 21. Vehicle according to one of claims 10 to 20, characterized in that the measuring device (1) is arranged such that a change in distance (AD) between the reference points (7, 8) in the vertical direction and / or horizontal direction can be measured. This includes 10 sheets of drawings