AT518166B1 - Method and device for mounting a tubular branching element made of thermoplastic material on a main pipe made of thermoplastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for mounting a tubular branching element (1) made of thermoplastic material on a main pipe (2) made of thermoplastic material. In this case, a branch element (1) with a Aufsetzsattel (7) and an adjoining Abzweigungsrohrstück (8) is provided and attached a tensioning and lifting device (16) on Aufsetzsattel (7) of the branching element (1). Subsequently, an elevation of the branch element (1) via the tensioning and lifting device (16) and a placement of the Aufsetzsattels (7) of the branch element (1) on the cylindrical surface (5) of the main tube (2). Using this clamping and lifting device (16) takes place while applying a contact pressure between the branch element (1) and the main tube (2), while a thermoplastic welding of the branch element (1) with the main tube (2) is made. Subsequently, the tensioning and lifting device (16) from the branch element (1) is removed and provided for another, subsequently performed assembly process. In addition, a corresponding clamping and lifting device (16) and a suitable, tubular branching element (1) is given.

Description

Description: The invention relates to a method for mounting a tubular branching element made of thermoplastic material on a main pipe made of thermoplastic material, a clamping and lifting device which can be used in this case, as well as a tubular branching element which can be used, as described in claims 1, 11 and 18 is specified.

From the prior art it is known to provide pipe-like branch elements, in particular so-called T or Y-branch, which are designed like a sleeve and are to be integrated directly into the respective pipeline. Especially with a later required integration of such branch elements in existing pipes with relatively rigid definition difficulties in installation.

In addition, so-called saddle branches are known, which consist of a trough-like curved plate, in particular of a tube half-shell, and a protruding pipe socket. The plate-like shell of such a saddle branch is pressed permanently with the interposition of an elastomeric sealing element against the lateral surface of a corresponding tube. The lateral surface of the tube has a breakthrough cooperating with the saddle branch to allow a fluid transition. Transverse to the plate of the saddle branch and at the same time wrapped around the pipe tension elements, especially metallic clamps, thereby build the mechanical connection between the pipe and the saddle branch permanently and also ensure the contact pressure of the intermediate sealing element, whereby the required Tightness of this pipe transition is to be achieved. Such measures are only partially suitable in connection with large-dimensioned pipe systems for commercial, public or industrial applications.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide methods or apparatuses with which also on large-sized pipe systems, such as those required for public sewage or drinking water systems, or for power plants , a simple, economical and reliable process assembly of a branch element can be made.

This object is achieved by a method and by devices according to the claims.

An advantage of the measures according to the invention is that this line systems or pipe networks can be constructed, which allow in terms of the use of thermoplastic good workability or problem-free installation or installation and thereby increased flexibility and good To provide resilience. In addition, this pipe systems can be created with an optimized load-to-weight ratio, especially in comparison to pipe systems made of steel, cast iron or concrete.

An advantage of the assembly measures according to the invention is, inter alia, that even with existing or installed pipe systems made of plastic pipes, especially for sewer, irrigation or drinking water systems, in a simple and process-safe manner later desired pipe branches, in particular Inlets or outlets relative to a main pipe, can be mounted relatively easily. In addition, it is also possible in underground pipe systems installed to attach a branch element to the particular desired or required point of a main pipe, without having to replace the main pipe or completely removed or exposed. Due to the assembly steps according to the invention a generic branch element made of thermoplastic material can be quickly, reliably and long-term reliably attached to a main pipe made of thermoplastic material. For example, existing underground pipe systems can also be provided relatively easily with corresponding branch elements at the respective desired or required point. The clamping and lifting device favors the quality of execution. In addition, a high work safety is achieved in the course of attaching a corresponding branch element. Especially if such branch elements and main pipes have a diameter of more than 500 mm or a branch element has a mass of more than 10 kg or of up to 100 kg and more, can with the specified measures the quality of installation and also Occupational safety in the course of the assembly process can be significantly increased. After the corresponding clamping and lifting device is an auxiliary tool which can be used for a plurality of assembly operations, an optimized cost and benefit ratio can also be achieved in connection with the erection of corresponding line systems. In addition to increased safety at work, a reproducible, process-optimized and relatively fail-safe installation process can be achieved as a result. In particular, this makes it possible to build powerful plastic pipe systems which offer significantly better handling in comparison to similarly powerful pipe systems made of concrete, steel or glass fiber materials. Ultimately, this pipe systems can be built with relatively large dimensions, in particular plastic pipes with up to 2000 mm, or even up to 3000 mm diameter can be used. The branch elements can act as inlet elements, or serve as drainage elements with respect to a guided in a main pipe medium.

Above all, the ease of use, the economic transport, the good manipulability with cranes in a relatively low power class, and also the good variability with respect to the optimal mounting position of the branch element on the lateral surface of a main pipe favors the most economic implementation of such a large pipe Conduit systems made of thermoplastic material. A particular advantage is also the absolute corrosion resistance of the pipe system. After no metallic fasteners or clamping elements in the region of the branch element are required and a corresponding pipe branch can be constructed exclusively by a thermoplastic joining process, there is a long-term usability of a correspondingly constructed pipe system or is it no longer required, costly corrosion tests and maintenance perform.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 2, since this acts as an anchor point or as an abutment for an optimal contact pressure of the branched-off branch element an existing main pipe. As a result, defined conditions can be provided or favorable force introductions can be ensured. In addition, it is not required that be exerted by external machinery, such as cranes, excavators or the like, contact forces, which increases the quality of the assembly process and also the safety at work. In particular, in this case, the main pipe is a reliable anchor point or an always available abutment for the at least one tensioning belt in order to be able to apply the required mutual pressure with the at least one tensioning belt. Special stability of external machines are not required. In addition, the attachment of straps is easy and failsafe feasible, so that the cost of appropriate training in the handling or in the assembly process can be minimized.

Are also advantageous the measures according to claim 3, since characterized the clamping or contact force, which is applied via the clamping and lifting device on the branch element and subsequently to the main pipe, adjusted or adjusted according to individual requirements can be. In addition, main pipes with different diameters can thereby be easily processed or can be covered with only a predetermined length of the at least one tension belt, a plurality of main pipes with different pipe diameters. Another advantage of the specified measure is that the at least one tension belt can be attached to the tensioning device in a relatively fail-safe manner or according to schedule, so that errors with regard to the handling of the at least one tension belt can be virtually ruled out. Also shear stresses of the at least one tension belt can be minimized or refrained by the specified measures, whereby a long-term usability of the at least one tension belt can be ensured. In addition, this asymmetric force impulses or unilateral tensile stresses can be minimized or almost excluded.

Increased expediency and the measures according to claim 4, since a good metering of the mutual contact force between the branch element and the main pipe is achieved. An advantage of these measures is also that no additional energy, in particular no electrical energy is required to achieve the particular contact pressure between the branch element and the main pipe. The corresponding installation measures can therefore be carried out quickly and easily. In addition, the risk of overstressing the components involved can be kept low. In particular, in contrast to motor or hydraulic clamping devices with demand-adjusted clamping force, the risk of overloading or damage to the tools or workpieces involved by the claimed measures is relatively low. In particular, by the claim manually to be operated winders for the at least one strap, the risk of overuse is relatively low, which is mainly due to the limited human operating force is ensured or due to the simple and good dosing of the clamping force is achieved.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 5, as this undesirable deformations of the Aufsetzsattels in the course of thermal welding of the same can be avoided with the main pipe. In particular, it is thereby possible to apply sufficiently high contact forces of the branch element with respect to the main pipe, without permanent, undesirable deformations occurring at the Aufsetzsattel. In addition, an optimized force direction or pressing direction is thereby ensured, which hinders warping or twisting of the branch element in the course of the assembly process.

A particularly advantageous measure to facilitate assembly of the branch element is specified in claim 6. In particular, it can also be mounted in a simple and process-safe manner inclined and aligned obliquely from the main pipe branch elements. Especially when such a branching element has a mass of more than 10 kg, in particular of up to 100 kg or more, thereby a person-safe and at the same time rapid attachment of the branching element is possible on a large-sized, in particular on a man-sized main pipe. Also, the achievable for the respective assembly personnel handling comfort can be kept as high as possible.

Of particular advantage are the measures according to claim 7, as a rapid and problem-free finding and taking the respectively desired or required position and angular position of the branch element with respect to an existing or permanently installed main pipe can be made possible. In particular, the required position can be quickly found or determined by an almost intuitively executable change in the bias of the at least one tension belt and immediately thereafter, the permanent fixation or welding of the branch element are made on the lateral surface of the main pipe. Above all, positions deviating laterally from or deviating from the upper apex line of the main pipe, in particular inclinations of the branching element, can be created without the need for elaborate or strenuous holding and positioning operations on the part of the respective assembly person or on the part of the assembly team.

Of particular expediency are the measures according to claim 8, as a process-reliable connection between the main pipe and the branching element to be attached thereto can be ensured. In addition, no special auxiliary tools are required to accomplish the thermoplastic welding can. In particular, the provision of an adequate source of electrical energy suffi cient to achieve a particularly durable and qualitative connection between the main pipe and the branch element. In addition, a corresponding connection process can be performed relatively quickly and with high reliability.

Also advantageous are the measures according to claim 9, since a secure coupling between the clamping and lifting device and the Aufsetzsattel can be achieved. In particular, in the course of lifting or Versetzarbeiten the Abzweigungselementes high occupational safety can be ensured. In addition, a quick change of state can be achieved by simple activation and deactivation of the positive connection or, as a result, short installation times can be achieved, which additionally favors the economy of the specified method. Especially in contrast to frictional connections, especially in comparison to wraps or An-schlagsmittel-Würgemaßnahmen in relation to the branch pipe piece, by the claims measures an undesirable slipping of the branch element and thus endanger people or the risk of damage to the branch element or be significantly minimized by surrounding objects.

In addition, in connection with the measures according to claim 9 of advantage that in addition to a reliable mechanical coupling between the clamping and lifting device and the branch element and a quick operation of the at least one coupling element can be achieved. In contrast to clamping devices, a particularly fail-safe or fail-safe mechanical connection can thereby be constructed, which minimizes the risk of accidents or unintentional decoupling of the branching element. In addition, accidents due to carelessness or incorrect operation can thereby be withheld, since a positive coupling for the respective installation person is intuitively buildable and the proper structure can be visibly recognized.

Advantageously, the measures according to claim 10, since thereby the corresponding coupling members, in particular the counterparts can be implemented to the at least one positively acting coupling element on the tensioning and lifting device in a simple and cost-effective manner directly on or in the branch element , By attaching to the Aufsetzsattel are also relatively large wall or. Material thicknesses available, so that it is easily possible to install lateral recesses or cuts directly in the Aufsetzsattel, although the branch element in the operating condition must withstand certain compressive stresses or pressure peaks. In addition to these favorable mechanical strength values, an economical production of the at least one recess required for reliable mechanical coupling can thereby also be ensured.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a tensioning and lifting device according to the features of claim 11.

An advantage of the embodiment of the invention is that such a clamping and lifting device is used several times and thus an optimized cost-to-performance ratio can be created. But also by the multiple functionality of the clamping and lifting device, in particular in its function as a lifting tool and in its additional function as a clamping tool against a main pipe, the economy of the overall system can be favored. Above all, through the use of at least one tensioning strap, a process-reliable and intuitively operated tensioning device can be provided beyond that to the respective assembly personnel. Among other things, by the formation of a pressure distribution plate undesirable deformations of the thermoplastic, softened in the course of a welding process branch element, in particular of its Aufsetzsattel can also be avoided or restrained. In particular, the tensioning and lifting device according to the invention makes it possible to create a high-quality connection that can be built up at the same time in a short time between a branching element and a main pipe. After this clamping and lifting device acts as an auxiliary tool, which can be used multiple times, its manufacturing costs are quickly amortized in view of the simplified and rapid assembly of several branch elements.

The measure according to claim 12, a particularly reliable or failsafe, mechanical coupling between the tensioning and lifting device and a lifting or to be offset branching element is created. The risk of unintentional disconnections of the mechanical coupling is thereby minimal, in particular compared to frictional connections, such as when using Wür-snares or the like. But even loops or wraps of Aufsetzsattels can be so unnecessary, so that the assembly and the welding process can be performed unhindered and according to schedule.

Due to the configuration of claim 13, a clamping and lifting device is provided, which is provided for positive engagement in at least one recess in the relatively thick-walled Aufsetzsattel the branch element, whereby a stable coupling can be achieved and the mechanical stability of the branch element and the Aufsetzsattels is hardly affected. Due to the positive coupling also a high work safety can be achieved without complex structural measures would have to be taken.

Also useful are the measures according to claim 14, as a safe lifting of the clamping and lifting device can be ensured. Above all, the attachment of relatively heavy branching elements, in particular of branching elements with a mass of more than 20 kg, in particular of up to 100 kg or more, can easily be accomplished by means of simple lifting means, for example by means of cranes or winches. Also manually operated hydraulic lifting tools can be used in a safe manner for moving appropriate branch elements.

Of particular advantage are also the measures according to claim 15, since in particular a deviating from an upper apex line of the main pipe positioning of the branch element on the main pipe can be accomplished quickly and easily. In particular, this can result in an oblique-angled or quasi-one-sided elevation of a branching element fastened to the tensioning and lifting device, without the risk of a mechanical coupling failing. For example, this can be done in a simple manner, a tilted attachment of the branch element to a horizontally or approximately horizontally extending main pipe, as is often required in particular already existing channel systems or pipe systems. In addition to a very comfortable and quick attachment can therefore be ensured by a high occupational safety in relation to the people handling the tensioning and lifting device.

On the one hand, the pressure distribution plate can also be mounted on branch elements, in which the branch pipe piece is relatively far-reaching or in which at the end of Abzweigungsrohrstückes a connecting flange is formed. In addition, by the division or division of the pressure distribution plate, the mass of the individual parts of the pressure distribution plate can be set so low that they can be easily and effortlessly mounted by only one person assembly. In particular, a relatively low mass of the individual components can thereby be ensured despite relatively high deformation stabilities.

Are also advantageous the measures according to claim 17, as a result, several components are provided, which can be assembled to the corresponding clamping and lifting device. This facilitates the handling of the individual components and, moreover, a particularly warp-resistant or bending-resistant construction can be created. Through the use of tool-actuated fasteners, the construction, but also the dismantling of the tensioning and lifting device with respect to a tubular branch element can be made quickly and easily.

The object of the invention is further achieved by a tubular branch element according to the features of claim 18.

By the specified construction, a process-reliable, thermoplastic welding of the branch element to a thermoplastic main pipe can be achieved. In particular, thereby defined contact forces can be generated, which are essential for a high-quality thermoplastic compound of said components. In addition, any overstressing or deformation of the branch pipe piece in its softened state, in particular during the welding process, can be obstructed by the corresponding shaping of the branching element. The same applies in this context for the main pipe. Also, the extension of the branch pipe piece to a far-reaching branch pipe can be made in a simple manner by the known extension or coupling methods.

Due to the measures according to claim 19 also relatively heavy branch elements can be reliably offset, in particular raised and positioned on a corresponding main pipe. The corresponding mechanical coupling can be easily and reliably constructed without the risk of incorrect implementation. The production of the corresponding recesses or depressions is rational and economically feasible.

Above all, by the measures according to claim 20, a corresponding positive coupling means can be constructed particularly economically and efficiently. In addition, there is no impairment in terms of the load capacity, in particular with respect to the pressure capacity of the branch element. This is mainly because the Aufsetzsattel has a much higher wall thickness, as the adjoining, in particular welded branch pipe section.

Are also advantageous the measures according to claim 21, since a relatively large or sufficiently large pressure introduction surface is created at the top of the Aufsetzsattels. This is particularly important in connection with the thermal welding or the thermoplastic, partially softened state of the Aufsetzsattels in the course of the assembly process against a main pipe of increased importance. In particular, a good or sufficiently high contact pressure against the respective mounting surface on the lateral surface of the main pipe can be applied despite a thermally softened Aufsetzsattels.

Asymmetric pressure loads that could affect the assembly process are excluded by the measure according to claim 22. In particular, defined pressure transfers between the saddle of the branching element and a main pipe to be connected can be ensured.

Finally, the measures in accordance with FIG. 23 are advantageous, since thereby the assembly times can be kept short and, in addition, a high-quality, fluid-tight connection between the corresponding components can be produced. In addition, good accessibility of the terminals can be ensured, which favors the ease of installation and also allows a lossless energy transfer possible from an electrical energy source to the resistance heating within the branch element.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation: FIG. 1 shows individual parts involved in the course of an assembly process according to the invention. FIG

Components in exploded view; FIG. 2 shows a tubular branching element with a tensioning and lifting device attached thereto; FIG. Fig. 3 shows a tubular branching element on a main pipe during active

Clamping function of the tensioning and lifting device; FIG. 4 shows the state according to FIG. 3 in connection with a pipe-like branch element to be mounted obliquely or obliquely on a main pipe; FIG. Fig. 5, the tensioning and lifting device of FIG. 2 in disassembled state and in

Exploded view; Fig. 6, the tensioning and lifting device of FIG. 5 in assembled to stand.

Introductoryly it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or identical component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, individual process steps in connection with an assembly process of a tubular branching element 1 with respect to a main pipe 2 are illustrated. Both the tubular branching element 1, which can also be referred to as a branch pipe, and the main pipe 2 are made of a thermoplastic material and thus by means of a thermal joining process, in particular by means of a plastic welding process, solid and highly gas- or liquid-tight connectable with each other. The aim of the assembly process is to create a possible leak-free connection for fluids, which are between the interior of the branch element 1 and the interior of the main tube 2 - or vice versa - to lead. An advantageous for the creation of a main pipe 1 and a branching element 2 to be attached thereto plastic is defined by polyethylene.

Typically, an inner diameter 3 of the branch element 1 is dimensioned to be smaller than an inner diameter 4 of the main pipe 2. The cross section of the main pipe 2 and the cross section of the branch element 1 are preferably circular or possibly oval. The specified assembly method can be used advantageously in particular branching elements 1 from an inner diameter 3 of about 300 mm, in particular from about 500 mm. Such branching elements 1 have, especially if they have to withstand appropriate pressure loads, a total mass, in which the specified assembly method can be advantageously used. The inner diameter 4 of the main tube 2 is typically more than 500 mm, in particular more than 700 mm, and can also have dimensions of up to 2000 mm easily. It can be seen that the specified assembly method especially in connection with plastic pipe systems with a relatively large diameter, especially at about man-sized pipe diameters, is used and therefore in particular in the field of sewage networks for drinking water, for irrigation systems, or for hydropower plants practicable is.

The branch element 1 is provided for mounting or attachment to the outer lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. In order to create a fluidic connection between the interior of the main tube 2 and the interior or the inner cross section of the tubular branch element 1, in the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 at least one corresponding to the branch element 1 opening 6 (shown in phantom) is formed or in the If necessary, to produce a suitable position. This breakthrough 6 may thus be formed before the connection of the branch element 1 with the main pipe 2, or only after the connection, in particular only after execution of the weld between the branch element 1 and the main pipe 2, in the lateral surface 5 and in the wall of the main pipe 2 incorporated, in particular be milled or cut out. The thermoplastic material of the main pipe 2 offers good machinability, in particular by means of cutting tools or by means of thermally operating tools.

It is useful if the tubular branching element 1 comprises a Aufsetzsattel 7 relative to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 and a subsequent Aufsetzsattel 7 Aufzweigungsrohrstück 8, as can be seen for example in FIG. 1. The Aufsetzsattel 7 and the branch pipe section 8 are firmly connected to each other, in particular via their thermoplastic materials welded together. Alternatively, it is also possible to carry out the branching element 1 in one piece, in particular to produce it as a milling or rotating part. A wall thickness 9 of the hollow cylindrical or hollow prismatic Aufsetzsattels 7 is a multiple, especially at least twice, preferably three to ten times a wall thickness 10 of the fixed Aufsetzsattel 7, in particular welded branch pipe piece 8. The branch element 1 is preferably designed in two parts and welded into a one-piece element. As stated above, it is also conceivable to implement the branching element 1 in one piece, in particular by milling and turning operations to produce a plastic block. A clear inner diameter of the Aufsetzsattels 7 and the inner diameter 3 of the Abzweigungsrohstückes 8 are the same or substantially the same size. Due to the multiple thicker wall thickness 9 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 compared to the wall thickness 10 of the branch pipe section 8, a relatively large pressure introduction surface 11 and a collar 12 is formed at the top of the branch element 1. In particular, a distinctive collar 12 is thereby created at the branch element 1, which defines a substantially annular pressure introduction surface 11 around a lateral surface 13 of the Abzweigungsrohstückes 8. It is expedient here if this pressure introduction surface 11 is aligned at right angles to the lateral surface 13 of the branch pipe piece 8 or radially to the axis of the branch pipe piece 8. As already mentioned above, an outer lateral surface 14 of the substantially hollow cylindrical seated saddle 7 is curved in a flatter manner, in particular it has a larger radius of curvature than the lateral surface 13 of the branch pipe section 8 which adjoins it axially.

In order to achieve a high-strength and liquid-tight as possible joining or welding connection between the main pipe 2 and the branch element 1, the end- or end-side welding surface 15 is designed as a to the lateral surface 5 of the main pipe 2 adapted groove or the course of Jacket surface 5 of the main tube 2 at least approximately adapted. In particular, the contour or concave curvature of the welding surface 15 on the underside of the branch element 1 corresponds to the course or the contour (curvature) of the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. Thus, the largest possible connection zone between the branch element 1, in particular between the Aufsetzsattel 7, and the main pipe 2 are created. Consequently, the Aufsetzsattel 7 relative to its thermoplastic material material relatively rich or large area on the circular cylindrical domed, outer lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2 on or rest. The radial extent of the roughly annular welding surface 15 is a multiple, in particular at least three times, preferably at least five times, the cross-sectional area of the branch pipe piece 8 on the branch element 1.

The opposite of the lateral surface 5 or corresponding to the lateral surface 5 shaped welding surface 15 on the main pipe facing front end of the branch element 1 thus allows an unimpeded or needs-based variation of the position of the branch element 1 both in relation to the longitudinal axis of the main pipe 2, as also with regard to the circumferential direction of the main pipe. 2

From the above, it can be seen that the indicated branching element 1, even if it is formed as stated from thermoplastic material, may have a mass of more than 10 kg, in particular usually more than 30 kg, and depending on the dimension can also have a mass of up to 100 kg or more. In order to significantly improve the handling in the course of the assembly process for the installer or an assembly team, a clamping and lifting device 16, which is preferably formed from metallic elements, is provided. This tensioning and lifting device 16 is preferably formed from a plurality of individual parts, which form the tensioning and lifting device 16 for the branch element 1 in the assembled state and by appropriate interaction. In the course of an assembly process of a branching element 1 on a corresponding main pipe 2 while this clamping and lifting device 16 is connected to the branching element 1, in particular attached to the Aufsetzsattel 7 of the branching element 1. In particular, the tensioning and lifting device 16 via the branch pipe section 11 on or. threaded, so that they finally on the pressure introduction surface 11 on or rests. In a sense, therefore, the plate or frame-like clamping and lifting device 16 is slipped over the branch pipe section 8 or the branch pipe section 8 by a central, according to the circular breakthrough 17 slipped over (threaded).

After the tensioning and lifting device 16 is attached to the Aufsetzsattel 7 accordingly, the tensioning and lifting device 16 is preferably connected or coupled positively to the Aufsetzsattel 7. This positive connection between the clamping and lifting device 16 and the Aufsetzsattel 7 is preferably accomplished by at least one coupling element 18, 19. After this at least one coupling element 18, 19 between the tensioning and lifting device 16 and the branching element 1 is activated and deactivated as needed, is a demand-activated and deactivated, positively acting connection device 20 is provided. This connecting device 20 between the branching element 1, in particular between the Aufsetzsattel 7 and the clamping and lifting device 16 may be actuated without tools, or - as shown schematically - are activated and deactivated by several clamping screws 21, if necessary. In a simple manner, the coupling elements used 18, 19 may be formed by U-profiles, with which a positive and non-positive coupling between the clamping and lifting device 16 and the tubular branch element 1 constructed or can be deactivated again if necessary.

The corresponding clamping force between the clamping and lifting device 16 and the branch element 1 can be achieved by actuation or tightening the clamping screws 21. Alternatively, a purely tool-operated embodiment, in particular a hook or pawl design with a possible locking or pawl is conceivable.

It is expedient if the at least one coupling element 18, 19 of the Kopp- lungs- or connecting device 20 for positive engagement in or for engaging behind at least one recess 22, 23 or of corresponding recesses on Aufsetzsattel 7 of the branch element 1 is provided. It is practicable if the at least one recess 22, 23 is slit-like and extends transversely to the tube axis 24 of the branching element 1 in or along the lateral surface 14 of the attachment saddle 7. In particular, the preferably diametrically opposed recesses 22, 23 may be formed by chord-like, groove-shaped incisions in the lateral surface 14 of the Aufsetzsattels 7. The relatively large wall thickness 9 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 favors the attachment of these groove-like recesses 22, 23 and of corresponding depressions, without thereby the compressive strength and resilience of the branching element 1 would be significantly affected. In addition, such recesses 22, 23 are relatively simple and economical to produce. The attachment of recesses 22, 23 in the lateral surface 14 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 is also useful because an outer diameter 25 of the hollow cylindrical or hollow prismatic Aufsetzsattels 7 at least 10%, in particular between 20% and 100%, is greater than an outer diameter In addition, this can create a large or sufficient pressure introduction surface 11 on the upper side of the attachment saddle 7, which is advantageous during thermoplastic bonding or is expedient in connection with the at least partial softening of the attachment saddle 7 ,

The corresponding recesses 22, 23 are preferably defined by diametrically opposite, slot-shaped grooves 27, 28 in the Aufsetzsattel 7 and dimensioned such that the lower legs of the coupling elements formed preferably by a U-profile 18, 19 can engage positively therein , as can be seen inter alia from Fig. 2.

In order to accomplish a practical and reliable welding between the branch element 1 made of thermoplastic material and the main tube 2 made of thermoplastic material, it is particularly useful if at least one resistance heater 29 in Aufsetzsattel 7, in particular embedded in its thermoplastic material is embedded. In particular, such a resistance heater 29 is formed by ohmic resistance elements or by spiral or coil-like wound heating or resistance lines. It is useful if this is at least one resistance heating 29 or heating coil is positioned near the lower Verschweißungsfläche 15 and in the radial direction with respect to the Aufsetzsattels 7 completely embedded in the plastic material of the Aufsetzsattels 7 or integrated. Electrical connection contacts 30, 31 for applying electrical energy to the resistance heater 29 are accessible or accessible starting from the surface of the attachment saddle 7, in particular starting from its pressure introduction surface 11. It is expedient here if these connection contacts 30, 31 are formed by pin-like, metallic elements, which are positioned recessed relative to the pressure introduction surface 11, so that damage thereof during the attachment of the tensioning and lifting device 16 can be virtually ruled out. According to a practicable embodiment, the two terminal contacts 30, 31 are arranged diametrically opposite to the Aufsetzsattel 7. The recessed relative to the pressure introduction surface 11 positioning can be accomplished in a simple manner that the pins are arranged within a corresponding recess, starting from the pressure introduction surface 11. The connection contacts 30, 31 can be provided for electrical contacting with gripping or plug-in terminals on connection cables to an electrical energy source.

After the tensioning and lifting device 16 has been mounted on the Aufsetzsattel 7 of the branching element 1 and positively connected to the Aufsetzsattel 7, the branching element 1 can be raised via the tensioning and lifting device 16 safely and torsion-free. Depending on the weight and size of the branching element 1, this lifting operation can advantageously be accomplished by means of a lifting device, in particular by means of a loader crane. Especially when using a mechanical lifting means, in particular by means of a crane, a jerk or shock-free placement of the branch element 1, in particular of its Aufsetzsattel 7, on the cylindrical surface 5 of the main tube 2 is simple and easy to carry out. The tensioning and lifting device 16 thereby promotes a gentle and positional exact attachment of the branching element 1 at the desired or respectively optimum position with respect to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2.

The assumption of the plan or desired position of the branching element 1 with respect to the lateral surface 5 of the main pipe 2 can be promoted or accelerated by applying a contact force between the branching element 1 and the main pipe 2. In particular, an improved or simpler positioning of the branch element 1 at the required or desired position can be achieved by defined contact forces and thus by slight frictional forces between the welding surface 15 and the bearing surface of the Aufsetzsattels 7 and the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. This is especially advantageous if the desired position of the branch element 1 is located away from an upper apex line 32 of a horizontally or inclined main pipe 2.

The respective contact pressure is advantageously applied by using at least one band-shaped tensioning belt 33, 34. Such a tension belt 33, 34 allows easy dosing or a nearly intuitive determination of the contact pressure and thus the frictional force between the bottom or the weld surface 15 of the branch element 1 and the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. Thus, a simple or "soulful Positioning of the branching element 1 can also be achieved by taking oblique positions of the tube axis 24 of the branching element 1 with respect to a vertical cross-sectional or vertical axis 45 of the horizontal or inclined main tube 2, as was exemplified in FIG. This is achieved inter alia by the fact that the at least one tensioning belt 33 or 34, preferably a pair of tensioning straps 33, 34, runs along a partial section of the circumference of the main tube 2 and frictionally abuts against the outer lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2. In particular, the at least one tensioning strap 33, 34 is thereby at least partially guided around the peripheral portion of the main tube 2, as best seen in a combination of FIGS. 1 and 3. In addition, after appropriate determination of the position of the branch element 1, the external lifting means, in particular a load hook of a crane load, uncoupled and be moved away from the working or mounting area.

The amount of clamping or contact force between the Aufsetzsattel 7 and the main tube 2 can by means of at least one clamping device 35, 36 on the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34, which clamping device 35, 36 is preferably manually operated, adjusted or be adjusted as needed. In particular, the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 can be shortened and extended as required by means of the at least one tensioning device 35, 36, and thus individually varied in terms of its pretension or tensile force. It is expedient if the at least one tensioning strap 33, 34 has two ends, which can be provided in particular with hooks. Alternatively, an embodiment of the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is possible, in which one end of the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is permanently connected to the tensioning and lifting device 16. It is advantageous, however, if such a tension belt 33, 34 with its first longitudinal end 37, for example via a hook, at a first end portion 38 of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is fixed or connected and with its second, distal longitudinal end 39, beispielsgemäß another Hook, on a relative to the first end portion 38 opposite end portion 40 of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is fixed or connected.

It is useful if the at least one clamping device 35, 36 comprises a manually operable by an operator winding device 41, 42, in particular a drum assembly, for at least one tension belt 33, 34 comprises. In particular, the at least one tensioning device 35, 36 may be formed by at least one ratchet buckle with a pivotally mounted ratchet lever 43, 44. As a result, the respective acting train or. Biasing force of the at least one tension belt 33, 34 are varied individually in a sufficiently large area.

The at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 is released after assembly or welding of the branching element 1 again and removed or removed and can then be used again. It is preferably non-metallic and is preferably made of plastic or this is formed from a woven or textile tape. A practicable embodiment of the at least one tension belt 33, 34 consists in a belt, as it can be used for securing cargo, after such straps are inexpensive and represent a well-tested design.

The same applies to the tensioning and lifting device 16. This is after assembly or welding of the branching element 1, in particular after sufficient curing of the plastic welded joint, removed again from the branching element 1, in particular lifted and is this tensioning and lifting device 16 then available for further assembly operations. Since this does not leave any metallic elements at the branch point which would be at risk of corrosion or rust, the specified method and system are suitable in particular for above-ground or outdoor piping systems, but also for underground piping systems.

From the above it is clearly seen that a desired angular position of the tube axis 24 of the branch element 1 with respect to the cross-sectional vertical axis 45 of a substantially horizontal or inclined main tube 2 in a simple manner by adjusting the biasing force of the at least one Tensioning belt 33, 34 and / or adjusted as needed by adjusting a force acting on the tensioning and lifting device 16 direction and / or height of a pulling or lifting force against the tensioning and lifting device 16. In particular, by increasing or decreasing the lifting or pulling forces of a lifting means, in particular a crane, the lateral positioning of the branching element 1 relative to the cross-sectionally typically circular main tube 2 can be accomplished. In particular, by off-center attachment or by off-center tensile load via rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means 46, 46 '; 47, 47 'on the tensioning and lifting device 16 in the course of placement and positioning of the branch element 1, the respectively required, from the upper apex line 32 of the main pipe 2 optionally deviating position of a branching element to be mounted 1, are taken quickly and easily. Such, for example, tilted laterally by 45 ° with respect to the upper crest line 32 desired or demand position of a branch element 1, which is to be mounted on a permanently installed main pipe 2, has been exemplified in Fig. 4. Preferably, a pair of tension straps 33, 34 is provided, whose force or tensioning direction in each case extends laterally to the lateral surface 13 of the branch pipe section 8.

As best seen in FIGS. 5, 6 can be seen, is provided according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, that the clamping and lifting device 16 for the saddle-like branch element 1 comprises at least one pressure distribution plate 48, which for abutment against the welding surface 15 opposite, substantially annular pressure introduction surface 11 of the Aufsetzsattels 7 is provided. This pressure introduction plate 48 distributes over the tensioning device 35, 36 or via the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 acting tensile or clamping forces as evenly as possible on the branch element 1 and on the pressure introduction surface 11, so excessive, especially in the course of the thermal welding process Deformations or unilateral pressure loads and concomitant, defective welds can be reliably prevented.

In particular, the at least one pressure distribution plate 48 is provided for engagement with the pressure introduction surface 11 at the top of the Aufsetzsattels 7 of a branching element 1 to be mounted. In this context, it is expedient if in each case at least one coupling point 50, 51 at respective opposite end portions 38, 40 of the pressure distribution plate 48 and a stiffening frame 49 supported thereon, in particular in its corner regions. 50 ', 51' for releasably releasable connection with the at least one band-shaped strap 33, 34 is provided. According to the example, the at least one coupling point 50, 51; 50 ', 51' for the longitudinal ends 37, 39 of the at least one tension belt 33, 34 formed by transverse or anchor bolt on the stiffening frame 49. These may alternatively be formed by eyelets, openings or Einhängelaschen.

In order to achieve an off-center or oblique-angled increase and a resulting, favorable positioning of the branch element 1 on the lateral surface 5 of the main tube 2, at least three are on the pressure distribution plate 48 or alternatively on the resting on the top of the pressure distribution plate 48 stiffening frame 49 , preferably four anchoring means 52, 52 '; 53, 53 'for fixing or, if necessary, releasable connection with corresponding rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means 46, 46'; 47, 47 'formed, as best seen in FIGS. 5, 6 can be seen. While a longitudinally oriented or diagonal use of anchoring means 52, 53 and lifting means 46, 47 coupled thereto would in principle be sufficient, the use of at least three, preferably four, anchor points and lifting means 46, 46 '; 47, 47 ', in particular of so-called slings, in order to achieve the most stable or wobble-free lifting or as controlled as possible, oblique-angled displacement of the branching element 1.

It is useful in this context, when the anchoring means 52, 52 '; 53, 53 'are positioned eccentrically or decentrally with respect to the pressure distribution plate 48 or with respect to its center, in particular being arranged at a distance from at least one central or transverse axis of the pressure distribution plate 48. This allows an off-center and thus oblique angle or inclined increase of the branch element 1 and, consequently, a better, sideways or obliquely oriented positioning of the branch element 1 with respect to the lateral surface 5 of the main tube. 2

According to an expedient embodiment it can be provided that the pressure distribution plate 48 is formed in two or more parts. As a result, even if the branch pipe piece 8 is made relatively wide, or if the latter has a connection flange, the pressure distribution plate 48 can be relatively easily mounted. Form-fitting or screw 54, 55 - Fig. 5 - may be provided to block the items, in particular plate halves, with respect to unwanted relative displacements. In particular, relative four shifts in the plane of the pressure introduction surface 11 or in the plane of the plate can thus be reliably prevented.

It is also expedient to form the stiffening frame 49 provided on the upper side of the pressure distribution plate 48 from a plurality of profile elements 56 to 59, for example by U-profiles. These profile elements 56 to 59 can also the coupling points 50, 50 '; 51, 51 'for releasably releasing connection with the at least one tensioning belt 33, 34 have or define. The profile elements 56 to 59, which can be joined, for example, to form a substantially square frame, can be screwed, in particular tightly, to connecting elements 60 preferably actuated without tools, by way of example via a plurality of toggle screws, to the pressure distribution plate 48. By the measures indicated a multipart, relatively stable clamping and lifting device 16 can be created. Due to the multi-part construction thereof, in particular by the multi-part stiffening frame 49 and the optionally multi-part pressure distribution plate 48, an effortless, purely manual assembly of such a clamping and lifting device 16 can be made to a corresponding branch element 1. This is particularly advantageous in the environment of excavations or other construction sites. In particular, due to the multiple parts of the tensioning and lifting device 16, a requirement of, for example, hydraulic lifting means is not required and assembly of the tensioning and lifting device 16 can be performed by a single person, in particular by only one fitter or by a team of fitters. The corresponding assembly or the respective assembly can be carried out by the specified measures also relatively quickly and particularly fail-safe. The achievable performance values, in particular the achievable load capacity of the tensioning and lifting device 16 is thereby relatively high. Consequently, an optimized ratio between mountability, total mass and stability can be achieved by the specified measures.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

REFERENCE LIST 1 branching element 32 crest line 2 main pipe 33 tension belt 3 inner diameter 34 tension belt 4 inner diameter 35 tensioning device 5 lateral surface 36 tensioning device 6 opening 37 longitudinal end 7 Aufsetzsattel 38 end section 8 branch pipe section 39 longitudinal end 9 wall thickness 40 end section 10 wall thickness 41 winding device 11 pressure introduction surface 42 winding device 12 collar 43 ratchet lever 13 Lateral surface 44 ratchet lever 14 lateral surface 45 cross-sectional vertical axis 15 welding surface 46,46 'lifting means 16 tensioning and lifting device 47,47' lifting means 17 opening 48 pressure distribution plate 18 coupling element 49 stiffening frame 19 coupling element 50,50 'coupling point 20 connecting device 51,51' coupling point 21 clamping screws 52,52 'anchoring means 22 recess 53,53' anchoring means 23 recess 54 positive or 24 tube axis screw connection 25 diameter 55 form-locking or 26 diameter screw connection 27 groove 56 Profilelem ent 28 groove 57 profile element 29 resistance heating 58 profile element 30 connection contact 59 profile element 31 connection contact 60 connecting elements

Claims (23)

claims 1. A method for mounting a tubular branching element (1) made of thermoplastic material on a main pipe (2) made of thermoplastic material, comprising at least the steps - providing a branch element (1) with a Aufsetzsattel (7) and an adjoining Abzweigungsrohrstück (8); - Attaching a tensioning and lifting device (16) on Aufsetzsattel (7) of the branching element (1); - Form-fitting connection of the tensioning and lifting device (16) with the Aufsetzsattel (7); - Lifting the branch element (1) via the clamping and lifting device (16) and placing the Aufsetzsattels (7) of the branch element (1) on the cylindrical surface (5) of the main tube (2); - Applying a contact force between the branch element (1) and the main tube (2) using the tensioning and lifting device (16); - Thermoplastic welding of the branch element (1) with the main tube (2); - Removal of the tensioning and lifting device (16) from the branch element (1) and provision of the clamping and lifting device (16) for another, subsequently to be performed assembly process. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pressure using at least one band-shaped tension belt (33, 34) is applied, which at least one tension belt (33, 34) along a portion of the outer circumference of the main pipe (2) and while on the outer circumferential surface (5) of the main tube (2) rests. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34) by means of at least one tensioning device (35, 36) if necessary shortened and extended and executed with its first longitudinal end (37) at a first end portion (38 ) of the tensioning and lifting device (16) can be fixed or connected with its second longitudinal end (39) at a second, opposite the first end portion (38) end portion (40) of the tensioning and lifting device (16). 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one tensioning device (35, 36) comprises at least one manually operable by an operator winding device (41, 42) for the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34), in particular by at least one ratchet buckle is formed with at least one pivotally mounted ratchet lever (43, 44). 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning and lifting device (16) comprises a pressure distribution plate (48) which for abutment against a to a Verschweißungsfläche (15) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) opposite, substantially annular pressure introduction surface (11) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) is provided. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the placement and positioning of the branch element (1) deviating from an upper apex line (32) of the main tube (2) positions by eccentric attachment or off-center tensile load of rope, chain or belt-shaped lifting means (46, 46 ', 47, 47') on the tensioning and lifting device (16) is made. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that a desired angular position of a central tube axis (24) of the branch element (1) relative to a cross-sectional vertical axis (45) of a substantially horizontally or inclined aligned, circular in cross-section main tube by adjusting the need Biasing force of the at least one tensioning belt (33, 34) and / or adjusted as needed adjustment of acting on the tensioning and lifting device (16) direction and / or height of a pulling or lifting force. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic welding with the aid of a Aufsetzsattel (7) at least partially embedded resistance heater (29), for which the resistance heater (29) is acted upon by electrical energy. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positive connection between the clamping and lifting device (16) and the Aufsetzsattel (7) by at least one adjustably mounted coupling element (18, 19) is activated and deactivated as needed. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one coupling element (18, 19) for the positive engagement in or for engaging behind at least one recess (22, 23) or depression on Aufsetzsattel (7) is provided. 11. Clamping and lifting device (16) for mounting a tubular branching element (I) made of thermoplastic material on a main tube (2) made of thermoplastic material, in particular for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure distribution plate (48 ), which is provided for abutment with a pressure introduction surface (11) on the upper side of a Aufsetzsattels (7) of a branch element to be mounted (1), and that at opposite end portions (38, 40) of the pressure distribution plate (II) or one thereon supported stiffening frame (49) in each case at least one coupling point (50, 50 ', 51.51') for releasably releasable connection with at least one band-shaped tension belt (33, 34) is provided. 12. Clamping and lifting device according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one coupling element (18, 19) is provided, which is designed for activating and deactivatable coupling with the Aufsetzsattel (7) of a branch element (1). 13. Clamping and lifting device according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one coupling element (18, 19) for positive engagement in or for engaging behind at least one recess (22, 23) or recess in the region of a lateral surface (14) of the Aufsetzsattels (7) is provided. 14. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that on the pressure distribution plate (48) or on the top of the pressure distribution plate (48) resting stiffening frame (49) at least three, preferably four anchoring means (52, 52 ', 53, 53') for fixing or, if necessary, detachable connection with rope, chain or band-shaped lifting means (46, 46 ', 47, 47') are formed. 15. Tensioning and lifting device according to claim 14, characterized in that the anchoring means (52, 52 ', 53, 53') are positioned eccentrically with respect to the pressure distribution plate (48), in particular with respect to a transverse or central axis of the pressure distribution plate (48 ) are arranged at a distance. 16. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the pressure distribution plate (48) is formed in two parts and that in the assembled state of the pressure distribution plate (48) in the central region of a circular aperture (17) is formed, which Enforcement by means of a branch pipe piece (8) to be mounted branching element (1) is provided. 17. Clamping and lifting device according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the stiffening frame (49) of a plurality of profile elements (56, 57, 58, 59) is formed, which via tool-actuated fasteners (60), in particular via thumbscrews , with the pressure distribution plate (48) are connectable. 18. Tubular branching element (1) made of thermoplastic material for use in combination with a tensioning and lifting device (16) according to any one of claims 11 to 17 and / or for use in a mounting method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the branching element (1) has a Aufsetzsattel (7) with a on a lateral surface (5) of a main tube (2) at least partially adapted Verschweißungsfläche (15) and an opposite Druckeinleitungsfläche (11), from which pressure introduction surface (11) a branch pipe piece (8 ) of the branching element (1) protrudes. 19 branch element according to claim 18, characterized in that the Aufsetzsattel (7) has an at least approximately cylindrical lateral surface (14), in which at least one recess (22, 23) or recess is formed and which recess (22, 23) or recess if necessary, construction and cancellation of a positive connection with a tensioning and lifting device (16) for the branch element (1) is provided. 20. branch element according to claim 19, characterized in that the at least one recess (22, 23) or depression by a respective slot-shaped groove (27, 28) is formed, which in the transverse direction to a tube axis (24) of the branching element (1) , 21 branch element according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that an outer diameter (25) of the hollow cylindrical Aufsetzsattels at least 10%, in particular between 20% and 100%, is dimensioned larger than an outer diameter (26) of the hollow cylindrical Abzweigungsrohrstücks (8th). 22 branch element according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the pressure introduction surface (11) is planar and perpendicular to the tube axis (24) of the branching element (1). 23. Junction element according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that in Aufsetzsattel (7) at least one resistance heater (29) is at least partially embedded and electrical connection contacts (30, 31) for applying the resistance heating (29) with electrical energy, starting from the surface of the Aufsetzsattels (7), in particular starting from the pressure introduction surface (11) are accessible or accessible.