AT48140B - Process for softening water. - Google Patents
Process for softening water.Info
- Publication number
- AT48140B AT48140B AT48140DA AT48140B AT 48140 B AT48140 B AT 48140B AT 48140D A AT48140D A AT 48140DA AT 48140 B AT48140 B AT 48140B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- water
- softening water
- soda
- zeolites
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004742 Na2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
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Verfahren zur Enthärtung von Wasser.
EMI1.1
Das eine fällt den Kalk und die Magnesia des Wassers durch Zusatz von Kalk und Soda, das andern durch Zusatz von Kalk und Baryt aus. Beide Verfahren haben wesentliche Mängel. Dieselben werden bei dem folgenden Verfahren vermieden, nach welchem man die Enthärtung des Wassers mitte) s Zeolithe unter Zuhilfenahme der Hydrooxyde und Karbonate der Alkalien bewirkt. Das Verfahren beruht auf der Fähigkeit der Zeolithe, Alkalien zu absorbieren und dieselben dann an die Bikarbonate des Wassers wieder abzugeben.
Es bilden sich auf diese Weise Karbonate des Kalkes und der Magnesia, die ausgefällt werden, während andererseits, wenn man durch einen Natriumzeolith filtriert, auch die Sulfate, Nitrate und Chloride des Kalkes und der Magnesia in die entsprechenden
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dafür zu sorgen, dass das Filter nicht zu dicht wird. Zweckmässig ist auch die Filtration von unten nach oben, wobei die feinkörnigen Niederschläge abgeschlemmt werden.
Gegenüber der Enthärtung durch Zeolithe allein hat das Verfahren unter anderem den Vorteil der geringeren Kosten, sowie den, dass es eine bedeutend grössere Filtrationsgeschwindigkeit gestattet und somit eine geringere Filterfläche erfordert.
Dem Kalk-Soda-Verfahren gegenüber bietet das vorliegende Verfahren sehr wesentliche Vorzüge. Insbesondere fällt die bei dem ersteren Verfahren erforderlicho genaue Dosierung des Kalks in gelöster Form durch den sogenannten Kalksättiger fort, da die Zeolithe die bisher unbekannte Eigenschaft liaben, Atkalität zu addieren und bei Berührung mit Bikarbonaten wieder abzugeben. Die sonst technisch nur schwer durchführbare Dosierung übernehmen also hier die Zeolithe. Während beim Kalk-Soda-Verfahren nach
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fahren die Enthärtung in sehr viel kürzerer Zeit.
Beispiel t : Ein Wasser von 10 (deutschen) Härtograden erbält pro Liter einen Zusatz von 1 HO mg Soda und wird sofort, ohne die Beendigung der Reaktion abzuwarten, durch eine Schicht Natriuinzeolith abfiltriert, und zwar bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 10 In und mehr pro Stunde. Es resultiert ein Wasser von 1-2 Härtegraden. Der sich im Zeolithfilter absetzende Schlamm wird, sobald er die Filtrationsgeschwindigkeit hemmt,
EMI1.4
Beispiel 2 : Wasser von 10 deutschen Bikarbonat-Härtegraden erhält einen Zusatz von 110 mg natron (Na2 O) pro Liter. Es wird sofort filtriert und in gleicherweise wie oben weiter verfahren. Bei einem Gehalt von 5 Sulfat- und 5 Bikarbonat-Härtegraden ist
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<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for softening water.
EMI1.1
One precipitates the lime and the magnesia of the water by adding lime and soda, the other by adding lime and barite. Both methods have significant shortcomings. These are avoided in the following process, according to which the water is softened by means of zeolites with the aid of the hydroxides and carbonates of the alkalis. The process is based on the ability of the zeolites to absorb alkalis and then to give them back to the bicarbonates of the water.
In this way carbonates of lime and magnesia are formed, which are precipitated, while on the other hand, if one filters through a sodium zeolite, the sulfates, nitrates and chlorides of lime and magnesia are also converted into the corresponding ones
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ensure that the filter does not become too tight. Filtration from the bottom to the top is also useful, with the fine-grained precipitates being thrown off.
Compared to softening with zeolites alone, the process has the advantage of lower costs and the fact that it allows a significantly higher filtration speed and thus requires a smaller filter surface.
The present process offers very significant advantages over the soda-lime process. In particular, the exact dosing of the lime in dissolved form by the so-called lime saturator, which is required in the first process, is omitted, since the zeolites have the hitherto unknown property of adding alkalinity and releasing it again on contact with bicarbonates. The dosing, which is otherwise difficult to carry out technically, is thus taken over by the zeolites. While with the lime-soda process after
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run the softening in a much shorter time.
Example t: A water of 10 (German) degrees of hardness has an addition of 1 HO mg of soda per liter and is immediately filtered off through a layer of sodium zeolite without waiting for the reaction to end, at a rate of 10 ln and more per hour . The result is a water of 1-2 degrees of hardness. The sludge that settles in the zeolite filter, as soon as it inhibits the filtration speed,
EMI1.4
Example 2: Water with 10 German degrees of bicarbonate hardness contains an addition of 110 mg of soda (Na2 O) per liter. It is filtered immediately and proceed in the same way as above. With a content of 5 sulfate and 5 bicarbonate degrees of hardness
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Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE48140X | 1909-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT48140B true AT48140B (en) | 1911-05-26 |
Family
ID=5625883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT48140D AT48140B (en) | 1909-03-26 | 1910-02-26 | Process for softening water. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT48140B (en) |
-
1910
- 1910-02-26 AT AT48140D patent/AT48140B/en active
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