AT413355B - METHOD FOR RECYCLING POLYMER-ARMORED ELASTOMER PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Description

2

AT 413 355 B

The invention relates to a process for the utilization of polymer-reinforced elastomer products, in particular technical rubber products, such as e.g. Waste tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, as reinforcement in building materials, in particular on a bituminous basis, comprising the following steps: 5 - crushing the elastomer products, - granulating the elastomer products and optionally - cold crushing the elastomer products, in which steps non-metallic reinforcements are separated.

Around three billion tires and a variety of other technical rubber products are currently produced worldwide each year. In many cases, high-quality reinforcing fibers and steel wires or metal mesh 15 are used to reinforce the product properties.

The disposal of used tires and waste rubber currently takes place worldwide predominantly by landfill and to a lesser extent by combustion. Council Directive 1999/31 / EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste is intended to provide in the future in the EU for Member States to take measures to ensure that entire tires are not accepted at a landfill four years after the entry into force of the Directive, excluding tires used as a technical material and shredded used tires seven years after the date of entry into force. According to the state of the art, recycling of used tires and waste rubber is predominantly by energetic use as a substitute fuel in cement clinker production or in specially equipped power plants. A prior art material recovery, apart from limited possibilities for reuse of used tires or use of suitable tire carcasses in the production of retreaded tires, by the me-30 chanical treatment of waste products and the recovery of recyclable rubber granules and rubber powders and recyclable steel possible. In the course of the treatment, a waste fraction also falls, which contains above all the separated Armierungsfraktion. This fraction is either dumped according to the prior art, burned or fed to an energetic waste utilization. The disposal and the energetic use of this waste fraction are associated with costs.

In some countries, such as In Austria, the landfilling of waste with more than 5% organic carbon content (including waste tires and waste rubber as well as waste from the textile waste fraction) is prohibited by law. 40

The recycling of the mixed reinforcing fraction contaminated by residual contents of rubber and steel represents a new challenge which, in the course of the mechanical treatment of used tires and waste rubber, represents a considerable market potential in the future. In the near future, large rubber upgrading plants will be put into operation, but 45 tonnes of this waste fraction will be expected every 45 years. A thermal waste utilization is technically possible, but due to the required emission control associated with costs.

It is internally known, coarsely and then finely crushed the elastomer products mentioned above and the elastomer content, which is obtained in the form of granules with grain diameters up to about 3 mm, after deposition of Armierungsanteils for the production of rubber asphalt, plastic alloys, etc. use.

The reinforcing portion, in the case of fine fragmentation, accumulates in coherent form, such as in the form of 55 balls or strands, and is due to entanglements and entanglements of the single threads

AT 413 355 B not only make the armouring difficult to handle, but also very difficult to recycle. This also because of impurities and because of the very dark coloration. It has therefore been deposited or burned this Armierungsanteil so far. 5 All attempts of a complete recycling of the above-mentioned elastomer products have thus far been unsuccessful for technological and economic reasons. This concerned, for example, the production of insulating and insulating materials from this waste fraction. From DE 40 22 877 A1 a method for improving the adhesion of textile material to bitumen is known, which provides a coating of the fiber material. Because of the expense involved, such a method is ruled out for practical application. Furthermore, DE 24 27 070 A shows a method and a system for producing rubber mills and vehicle tires. The tires are crushed and the metallic and textiles components are eliminated. Nothing is said about a possible use of the fiber fraction.

The invention has as its object to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a method of the type described, which ensures an economic utilization of nonmetalli see 20 reinforcement of the polymer-reinforced elastomer products.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the following steps: mechanical comminution of the separated nonmetallic reinforcements, preferably by grinding and / or cutting, in order to produce a free-flowing state which is largely free of an elastomer component; - mixing the crushed, substantially powdery non-metallic reinforcements into a building material, in particular on a bituminous basis. The solution according to the invention thus adopted surprisingly enables a substantial improvement of the building materials or construction auxiliaries, which not only become less susceptible to cracks due to the admixture of the reinforcements, but also have a substantially increased viscosity. In addition, this also results in improved abrasion values and improved properties of the building materials or building aids in marginal temperature ranges in which the construction materials or building aids could be used so far, whereby the use temperature range is extended. Powder in the sense of the invention is to be understood in the macroscopic sense, i. that the fiber fraction behaves essentially like a powder.

Polymer-reinforced elastomer products whose armouring 40 has the following composition (in% by weight) are processed particularly advantageously:

Polyamide (cord) 15-35%, preferably 20-30%

Polyester (cord) 25-45%, preferably 30-40%

Viscose (cord) 30-50%, preferably 35-45%, 45 where appropriate, the reinforcement additionally cotton in the order of 1-5%, preferably 1-3% (wt.%) Has. Preferably, the proportion of reinforcements in asphalt or the proportion of reinforcements in bitumen is incorporated, which is then processed with gravel to asphalt. 50

Building materials and building materials, which are based on bitumen and asphalt, must meet the growing demands for heat, cold, frost, rain and mechanical stress, such as pressure resistance and abrasion, etc. These building materials are also modified and further developed for economic and ecological reasons, in particular for extending the service life. On the one hand, this is due to the regionally occurring 4

AT 413 355 B

Scarcity of raw materials and, on the other hand, the onset or need to reuse recyclable materials. Naturally, the processing of recycled building materials in construction must not lead to materials of inferior quality, which is why great research efforts have been made in this area in order to be better able to cope with the above-mentioned, constantly growing demands on these building materials. For the quality of bitumen and asphalt building materials, the properties of the materials and components used are of great importance. A decisive influence in this context is the binder used (unmodified bitumen or modified bitumen).

By its nature, bitumen can only be used technically in a relatively narrow temperature range. At lower temperatures, increasing embrittlement is observed at higher tempera tures (D. Sybilski, "Zone of Optimal Theological Properties of Road Construction Bitumen", Bitumen, 1991, 53, 73). For example, asphalt pavement and other products produced with conventional bitumen tend to deform in summer and embrittlement and cracking in winter. In order to extend the temperature range, blends with different polymers, such as thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers are used (U. Schneider, "Polymer Modified Asphalts: International Research on

Modifications and Properties ", Bitumen, 1992, 1, 14) with varying successes for experimental purposes. At present, blends with unvulcanized synthetic rubbers based on ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), styrene-butadiene-sequential copolymer (SBS) (E. Diani, L. Gargani, "Bitumen modification 25 with SBS thermoplastic elastomeres", 4eme Eurobitume Symposium Madrid, 1989, I, 275) and ethylene-acrylic ester-acrylic acid terpolymer (AECM) and the thermoplastic ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), as well as polyethylene (PE) (US-A-4,240,946, AT-B - 365,257, US-A-4,314,921, AT-B-370,126, AT-B-395,718) and polypropylene (PP) (C Lomi, F. Varisco, "Compatibility of Bitumen with Atactic Polypropylene, New Experimental Monitoring Procedure", 30 4eme Eurobitume Symposium Madrid, 1989, I, 269) in use. Mixtures of EPDM, SBS, EVA, PE, PP and AECM are referred to as polymer-modified bitumens and are offered by bitumen manufacturers, the polymer content being between 0.1 and 25% by weight.

The properties of polymer-modified bitumen depend essentially on the degree of distribution, 35 the solubility or the connection of the polymers in bitumen, so that the modification of bitumen with plastics also represents a mixing problem. Namely, a certain amount of polymer (0.1-25% by mass), which has a relatively high melt viscosity at the processing temperature of the bitumen between 130 ° C and 250 ° C, and a larger amount of bitumen having a low melt viscosity must be homogeneously mixed together 40 (H. Kopsch, Bitumen, 1990, 1, 10 and Bitumen, 1989, 3, 108). This mixing problem again depends on various factors, such as the chemical composition, the physical properties of the bitumen and the plastic used and on the method of preparation of the polymer-modified bitumen (PmB). 45 The use of various recycled materials for use in bituminous products is not new:

Thus, for example, DE 692 31 366 T 2 describes the production of composite blocks which are composed, for example, of asphalt, polyethylene, monofilament fiber material and elastic material.

DE 695 02 316 T 2 claims bituminous hot mix wherein some of the aggregates are replaced by particles of ground composite including fibers. 55 Publications US 2002/0108534 A1 and GB 2 366 567 A describe an asphalt preparation 5

AT 413 355 B with associated production method, cellulose fibers being used inter alia to improve dimensional stability and long-term durability.

In US Pat. No. 5,800,754, ground car tires are processed into building blocks with the addition of binder (also asphalt).

In another patent (US-A-5,385,401) shredded car tires are soaked with an aromatic oil prior to mixing with asphalt to prevent depletion of the asphalt binder material by oils. 10

It is also known to use glass fiber mats with polymer-modified asphalt in the roofing (US-A-5,744,229).

Another prior art also includes that in the production of hot mix or asphalt (mixture of crushed rock and bitumen), a cellulosic fiber material, such as Arbocell®, is admixed to an extent of about 0.5%. This serves primarily to stabilize the viscosity. In fact, this prevents the low viscosity of the bitumen content at higher temperatures from causing segregation of bitumen and crushed rock. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the addition of the reinforcement according to the invention from scrap tire recycling can replace both the task of polymer modification of the bitumen and the viscosity-stabilizing addition of cellulose fibers in one work step. 25

Advantageously, the non-metallic reinforcements are mixed with an organic or non-organic binder, such as resin, bitumen, etc., and used to produce small-scale solids, such as granules, whereupon the solids are used as admixed material, preferably asphalt. 30

Furthermore, the non-metallic reinforcements are expediently mixed with an organic or non-organic binder, such as resin, bitumen, etc., and from this a liquid concentrate is produced, whereupon the concentrate is used as admixing material for bitumen. The process according to the invention thus comprises not only the mechanical preparation and preparation of the reinforcing fraction from the elastomer products, but also the subsequent introduction into technical mixing devices for the production of new bitumen and asphalt products in the optimum mixing ratio. The possible products thereof are, for example, polymer-modified bitumen, polymer-modified asphalt, roofing membranes and 40 bituminous insulating materials with improved properties in terms of their chemical, physical, rheological and mechanical properties. In addition, the incorporation of recycled reinforcements improves the fatigue properties and thus increases and extends the life of such products. In particular, the process according to the invention leads to an increase in the hot strength and to an increase in the resistance to breakage.

Accordingly, the fraction of waste tire and waste rubber recycling is to be utilized in various forms: as a polymer or modifier for the production of polymer-modified bitumen, as a polymer or modifier for direct or indirect addition for the production of polymer-modified asphalt, As additives for polymer-modified and unmodified asphalt hot mix, such as, for example, in the case of grit mastic asphalt, 55 as a network for the production of a SAMI layer or a SAM layer or similar 6

AT 413 355 B

Types (SAMI: stress-absorbing membrane interlayer, SAM: stress-absorbing membrane) 5 Preferably up to 50% by weight of the reinforcing fraction is added to the building materials.

Preferably, the pre-crushing of the elastomer products is carried out at ambient temperature and the fine comminution of the pre-comminuted elastomer products in a cooled state durchge-io, wherein suitably the pre-crushed elastomer products are cooled with liquid nitrogen.

In order to achieve a sufficiently small particle size of the reinforcing fraction, the fine comminution is carried out appropriately by grinding. 15

A preferred variant is characterized in that the comminution of the reinforcement is carried out up to a maximum length of individual particles of the reinforcement of 10 mm, preferably 5 mm. A bituminous mix, in particular for the road surface, is characterized by a blended aggregate with polymeric reinforcements derived from elastomer products, in particular technical rubber products, e.g. used tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, wherein the polymeric reinforcements are provided in fine particle form in the order of up to 50 wt.% Of the bituminous mix, and wherein 25 advantageously the polymeric reinforcements polyamide and / or polyester and / or viscose and optionally also contain cotton ,

The mix is according to a preferred embodiment, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements with a titer between 1.7 to 8.0 dtex, corresponding to a diameter between 12.0 and 28 μ, and with a length between 0.1 to 10 mm are present in the mix.

Gypsum-containing building materials, in particular gypsum plasterboard, are characterized by a blended aggregate with polymeric reinforcements derived from elastomers, obtained in particular from engineering rubber products, such as e.g. Old tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, wherein the polymeric reinforcements are provided in fine particle form in the order of up to 50 wt.% Of the bituminous mix, advantageously the polymeric reinforcements polyamide and / or polyester and / or viscose and optionally also contain cotton and advantageously the polymeric Armierun-40 gene with a titer between 1.7 to 8.0 dtex, corresponding to a diameter between 12.0 and 28 μ, and having a length between 0.1 to 10 mm in the mix are present.

Another application is given for screeds. 45 A plant for carrying out the process according to the invention is characterized by the combination of the following features: a pre-comminution plant for polymer-reinforced elastomer products a comminution device for comminuting the pre-comminuted elastomer products a separation device for reinforcements originating from the elastomer products and optionally a separating device for separating metallic products Reinforcements from the quantity of reinforcements separated from the elastomeric products • a mechanical crusher, preferably a mill, for non-metallic reinforcements originating from the 55 elastomeric products and 7

AT 413 355 B • a mixing device for mixing mechanically crushed reinforcements into building materials or building aids, in particular in bituminous and / or gypsum-containing building materials or building aids.

Advantageous embodiments are characterized in claims 25 to 27.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several embodiments, wherein a drawing is used to illustrate the invention. 1 shows the method according to the invention in a schematic representation, and FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 devices for the mechanical comminution of reinforcements. Fig. 2 shows the principle of a Haufwerkschneidmühle, Fig. 3, the principle of a baffle plate tool and Fig. 4, the principle of a toothed disk tool. As mentioned above, with all these devices, homogenization and fibrillation can be performed in a relatively simple manner.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, scrap tires and technical waste rubber products, such as conveyor belts, etc., are fed to a mechanical comminution after presorting at ambient temperature. First, a pre-crushing, whereby rubber chips are formed, which have a size of 5 to 20 cm. Subsequent comminution is connected to this pre-comminution, which is usually still carried out at room temperature.

The post-shredding is followed by a so-called granulation, i. a further crushing, whereby a rubber granulate with a grain size of about 3 mm is obtained. Optionally, this rubber granulate can already be recycled, for example for the production of rubber asphalt.

However, these granules may also be fed, either wholly or in part, to cold grinding in which the granules are cooled with liquid nitrogen and ground into ground rubber.

The comminution process of the mechanical treatment can also be simplified in only two stages: pre-crushing at ambient temperature with subsequent fine comminution or grinding in a cooled state.

Both pre-shredding, post-shredding, granulation and cold milling involve reinforcement made of steel. This reinforcing part is eliminated, preferably by means of magnetic forces.

In the post-crushing, granulation and cold milling also attracts reinforcement, which is not formed of metal to. These are those yarns which were incorporated in the rubber products, ie a textile fraction, which is obtained in more or less finely divided form, depending on the crushing stage. During granulation, even the finest of reinforcing parts are removed, as well as during cold grinding. These Armierungssteile form entanglements and mutual wraps whose elements or individual individuals more or less contiguous, difficult to handle and due to the mostly black rubber color dark-colored ball or strands that are difficult to continue processing. This reinforcing fraction has been dumped or incinerated. According to the invention, a further processing of this reinforcing fraction now takes place, first by cutting, preferably by grinding. In particular, two comminution processes are provided for the preparation of this reinforcing fraction, in one instance a homogenization of the length of the individual constituents of the reinforcing fraction and, on the other hand, a longitudinal splitting, i. Fibrillation of the same.

To homogenize the length of the reinforcement, it is best to use log splitters such as, for example, the Rotoplex 20/12 Ro type from Alpine-Hosokawa, which is shown in FIG

AT 413355 B is illustrated. The cutting blades are arranged on the rotor and in the stator. The cut regrind is sucked through a sieve by means of a blower. The sieve hole size significantly influences the length of the individual individuals of the reinforcing fraction. For fibrillation, the reinforcing fraction previously homogenized in length is fed to a fine impact mill, such as the type 100 UPZ II from Alpine-Hosokawa, cf. Fig. 3. Using a suitable tool, such as a fan beater, impact forces can be applied to the material to be ground. It has been found to be advantageous to use a toothed disc tool, such as e.g. 4, which combines shock and shear forces and thereby leads to a particularly effective longitudinal splicing of the individual individuals of the reinforcing fraction.

The result of this comminution treatment of the reinforcing fraction is a free-flowing material which can be used as an admixture for the production of building materials and / or building aids. To carry out an admixture, for example for the production of a bituminous and / or gypsum-containing building material, preferably so-called high-shear plants are also suitable, if appropriate, also low-shear plants which can also be used in combination and are heated. Preferably, the material used passes through such systems several times, in addition agitators are used to ensure a good homogenization and stabilization. Such systems are known in mobile or stationary design. For gypsum-containing construction or building aids are suitable containers with mixing screws or other mixing blades. 25

The following examples show (Tables 1 and 2) bituminous materials, in each case in comparison with and without (according to the invention) blended reinforcement (in wt.%), Each having different properties, such as the penetration depth, softening point, viscosity, etc., were compared. Table 1 gives measurements without short aging and Table 2 after a short aging according to the RTFOT method (A ASHTO T240). (RTFOT: rolling thin film oven test

The reinforcement was 90% recovered from scrap tires and had the following composition 35 and the following structure: • Polyamide 24% • Polyester: 35% »Viscose: 39% 40 ® Cotton: 2% ® Structure: Diameter of the individual members of the reinforcement between 12 and 27 Micrometer, with viscose and cotton at 12 microns, polyester at 22, 25 and 27 microns, and polyamide at 27 microns. The length of the individual individuals is in the range of 2-3 millimeters. 45 50 55 9

AI 413 355 B

Table 1 without Reinforcement Reinforcement 7% Test Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Penetration, 25 ° C, 100 g, 5 seconds, 0.1 mm (DIN 52010) mm 63 81 46 65 Ring & Sphere, softening point (DIN 52011) ° C 47 42 58 54 Rotation Viscosity with Brookfield Viscometer Test Temperature at 135 ° C; 20 rpm (ASTM D-4402) mPa.s 344 285 1220 1068 Dynamic Shear G * / sin (Delta) Test Temp. ° C @ 10 rad / s (SHRP test method) kPa ° C 1.5 64 1.2 58 1.6 70 1.1 70

Table 2 (after aging) without reinforcement with reinforcement 7% Test Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Penetration, 25 ° C, 100 g, 5 seconds, 0.1 mm mm 41 56 38 50 ring & Sphere, softening point ° C 55 48 63 59 Rotation Viscosity with Brookfield Viscometer Test Temperature at 135 ° C; 20 rpm mPa.s 649 497 1581 1312 Dynamic Shear kPa 3.4 2.9 3.2 2.85 G * / sin (Delta) Test Temp. ° C @ 10 rad / s ° C 64 58 70 70

Examination of hot mix 45 Scope

The aim of this section is to compare the mechanical properties of an asphalt hot mix with unmodified bitumen (60/70 bitumen penetration and 80/100 penetration bitumen) with those of a modified binder by adding 7% polymeric reinforcement.

Test methods:

To evaluate an asphalt hot mix, two different types of pre-55 asphalt were proposed. 10

AT 413 355 B • Binding layer asphalt concrete (AB) 0 / 16S according to the German ZTV Asphalt - STB 94 «Splitt Mastic Asphalt (SMA) 0 / 11S according to the German ZTV Asphalt - STB 94

The optimum binder content for asphalt concrete (AB) 0 / 16S (bonding layer) and grit mastic 5 asphalt (SMA) 0 / 11S (wearing course) was determined. In order to show the influence of various binders (bitumen with a penetration of 60/70 and bitumen with a penetration of 80/100 and modified binder) on the behavior of the asphalt hot mix, the optimum grading curve was chosen for both types of asphalt. The fixed void content (3%) achieved by a centrifugal compressor (Gyrator compactor) was defined. 10

The entire asphalt mixture was mixed at equivocal temperature by means of a mechanical mixer.

All samples were compacted with a centrifugal compressor under the following conditions: 15

Compression temperature: Equiviscous temperature Compression pressure: 600 kPa (+/- 18 kPa)

Rotation speed: 30 rpm Axis rotation angle: 1.25 ° +/- 0.02 ° 20 Void content = 3%

Sample diameter: 100 mm

Tables 3 to 16 below compare the different properties of construction materials with and without reinforcement (in% by weight). 25

You have chosen: Blend, Asphalt Concrete (/ I) 0 / 16S selected: Sieves Size Unit Min. Max. Optimal% 11.2-16% 100 90 100 8-11.2% 85 70 78 5-8% 75 60 68 2 -5% 62 48 55 0.71 -2% 45 35 40 0.25-0.71% 37 20 28 0.09 - 0.71% 25 11 18 0 - 0.09% 10 6 8

The building and construction aids set forth in Tables 3 to 11 were prepared by mixing bitumen with free-flowing reinforcement using high-shear or low-45 shear equipment. By direct addition of the present invention prepared reinforcements to asphalt (hot mix) similar results were achieved. 50 55

AT 413 355 B 11

Marshall Stability at 60 ° C (according to Dl N 1996, part T4 and T1) Table 3: without reinforcement with reinforcement 7% 5 Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Binder content % 5 5 5 5 Cavity Content% 3 3 3 3 10 Marshall Stability kN 10.8 10 14 12.9 Flow value mm 4,7 4,9 3.6 3,8 15 Splitting tensile strength (ASTM D 4123) Table 4 without reinforcement with reinforcement 7 % 20 unit bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 binder content% 5 5 5 5 at 25 ° C MPa 0,68 0,58 0,83 0,96 at 10 ° C MPa 1.7 1.3 2.4 2.2 25 at 0 ° C MPa 3.3 3.4 3.8 3.9 Resilient modulus (Diametral; 0.1 s loading; 1Hz) (ASTM D 4123J 30 Table 5 without armouring with reinforcement 7% Unit bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 binder content% 5 5 5 5 35 at 25eC MPa 3185 2364 4438 3698 at 10 ° C MPa 9437 7760 11561 9451 at 0 ° C MPa 17019 14270 17391 15583 For the following examples, the following grading curve was selected: Split Mastic Asphalt (SMA) 0 / 11S selected: ____

Sieves Size Unit Min. Max. Optimal% 8-11.2% 100 90 100 5-8% 60 50 55 2-5% 40 30 35 0.71-2% 25 20 22 0.25 - 0.71% 19 14 16 0.09 - 0.71% 15 10 13 0 - 0.09% 13 9 11 55 12

AT 413 355 B

Marshall stability at 60 ° C

Table 6 without armouring 7% unit bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 binder content% 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 void content% 3 3 3 3 Marshall Stability kN 6.8 6.1 8.9 7.8 Flow value mm _4.9 5.8 3.5 3.9

splitting tensile strength

Table 7 without Reinforcement Reinforcement 7% Specimen Identification Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Binder Content% 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 at 25 ° C MPa 0.7 0, 64 0.84 0.76 at 10eC MPa 1.45 1.2 1.9 1.7 at 0eC MPa 3.1 _2Λ_ 3.4 _3J_

Resilient Modulus (Diametral; 0.1 s loading; 1 Hz)

Table 8 without Reinforcement Reinforcement 7% Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Binder Content% 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 at 25 ° C MPa 2423 1640 2984 2109 at 10 ° C MPa 6982 6471 7836 7529 at 0 ° C MPa 12986 12264 13640 13224

Rough rolling test according to French test method (standard NF P 98-253-1) (grading curve SMA 0 / 11S and AB Q / 16S)

Test temperature at 60 ° C void content: 3.5%

Asphalt Sample: 18 x 50 cm SMA 0 / 11S Sample Layer thickness: 5 cm AB 0 / 16S Sample Layer thickness: 10 cm Contact pressure: 0.6 Mpa Frequency: 1 Hz 13

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Table 9 SMA 0 / 11S ABC / 16S Cycle Bitumen with penetration 60/70 Bitumen with penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 offset with reinforcement 7% Bitumen penetration 80/100 Offset with reinforcement 7% Bitumen with penetration 60/70 Bitumen with Penetration 80/100 bitumen penetration 60/70 offset with reinforcement 7% bitumen penetration 80/100 offset with reinforcement 7% 0 0.0 oooo 0.0 0.0 oo oo 0.0 100 4.3 4.6 0.5 2.7 2.9 3.3 1.5 2.3 300 5.3 5 , 8 1.1 3.2 4.1 4.8 2.4 3.1 1000 5.9 6.6 1.6 3.8 5.2 5.8 3.1 4.2 3000 6.9 8.4 2.5 4.7 6.7 6.7 3.4 4.6 5000 7.66 8.9 2.8 5.9 7.2 7.8 3.8 4.9 10000 8.5 9.7 3.4 6.3 7.7 8.4 4.1 5.3 15000 8.9 10.4 - 3.5 6.7 8.2 9.1 4.4 5.7 20000 9.3 10, 8 3.9 6.9 8.9 10.2 4.6 6.0 25000 9.4 11.5 4.2 7.1 9.1 10.6 4.8 6.2 30000 9.5 11.9 _4.4 7.2 9.4 10.7 5.0 6.4 25 The result of this study shows that unmodified bitumen and unmodified asphalt can not meet the requirements of the asphalt industry. With bitumen modified by polymer reinforcements, the asphalt industry can significantly increase the performance characteristics of 30 hot blends. The specification-based performance could improve the properties of bitumen, asphalt, building materials, etc. by specifically selecting and using reinforcements with other polymers or additives.

The properties of bituminous insulation (20%) are shown below: Table 10 without armouring 15% test unit bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 bitumen penetration 60/70 bitumen penetration 80/100 Penetration, 25 ° C, 100 g, 5 seconds, 0.1 mm mm 63 81 30 43 Ring & Sphere, softening point ° C 47 42 72 65 Rotation Viscosity with Brookfield Viscometer Test Temperature at 150 ° C; 20 rpm mPa.s 344 285 3980 3673 Dynamic Shear G7 sin (delta) test temp. EC @ 10 rad / s kPa ° C 1.5 64 1.2 58 1.9 88 2.3 82 55 14

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Below properties bituminö Table 11 ser Roofing membranes without reinforcement with reinforcement 15% Test Unit Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Bitumen Penetration 60/70 Bitumen Penetration 80/100 Penetration, 25 ° C, 100 g, 5 seconds, 0.1 mm mm 63 81 25 30 Ring & Sphere, softening point ° C 47 42 120 112 Rotation Viscosity with Brookfield viscometer Test temperature at 150 ° C; 20 rpm mPa.s 344 285 6830 6201 Dynamic Shear G 7 sin (Delta) TestTemp. ° C @ 10 rad / s kPa ° C 1.5 64 1.2 58 not measurable not measurable

Properties with and without addition of 5% and 15% to an Anhydnt Floor Screed Class E 300 F According to ÖNORM B2232 after 7 days and 28 days: __

Table 12 Unit without reinforcement with 5% reinforcement with 15% reinforcement Flexural tensile strength after 7 days N / mm2 6.7 6.6 6.5 Compressive strength after 7 days N / mm2 29.1 32.5 31.4 Flexural strength after 28 days N / mm2 6.9 6.7 6.8 Bending tensile strength after 28 days N / mm2 31.7 34.1 32.9

Properties with and without addition of 5% and 15% to an Anhydnt Floor Screed Class E 225 F According to ÖNORM B2232 after 7 days and 28 days: __

Table 13 Unit without reinforcement with 5% reinforcement with 15% reinforcement Flexural tensile strength after 7 days N / mm2 6.3 6.4 6.1 Compressive strength after 7 days N / mm2 25.6 26.8 27.3 Flexural strength after 28 days N / mm2 6.2 6.1 5.9 Bending tensile strength after 28 days N / mm2 27.1 28.7 29.4 55

Claims (26)

15 AT 413 355 B Use of reinforcement in gypsum-based hand plaster / putty plaster Table 14 Unreinforced unit with 5% reinforcement Flexural strength N / mm2 1,1 1,3 Compressive strength N / mm2 2,6 2,8 Adhesive strength N / mm2 __ 0,6 io Use of reinforcement in gypsum-containing machine plaster Table 15 Unit without reinforcement with 5% reinforcement Bending tensile strength N / mm2 1,2 1,45 Compressive strength N / mm2 2.8 3.1 Use of reinforcement in lime-cementitious plaster. Table 16 Unit without reinforcement with 5% reinforcement Bending tensile strength N / mm2 1.3 1.55 Compressive strength N / mm2 3.1 3.6 25 Claims: 1. Process for the utilization of polymer-reinforced elastomer products, in particular of technical rubber products, such as Waste tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, as reinforcement in building materials, in particular on a bituminous basis, comprising the following steps: - crushing the elastomer products, - granulating the elastomer products and, if desired, cold-crushing the elastomer products, in which steps non-metallic reinforcements are separated the following steps: mechanical comminution of the separated nonmetallic reinforcements, preferably by grinding and / or cutting, in order to produce a free-flowing state which is substantially free of an elastomer component, and admixing the comminuted, free-flowing non-metallic reinforcements to the respective building material. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally existing metallic reinforcements are separated from the separate reinforcements. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the non-metallic reinforcements with an organic or non-organic binder, such as resin, bitumen, etc., mixed, and from small-scale solid, such as granules, or a liquid concentrate are generated, whereupon the Solid or the concentrate as Zumischgut, preferably to asphalt used. 50 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that polymer-reinforced elastomer products are processed, whose reinforcement has the following composition (in wt.%): - polyamide (cord) 15-35%, preferably 20-30%; 55 - polyester (cord) 25-45%, preferably 30-40%; 16 AT 413 355 B - viscose (cord) 30-50%, preferably 35-45%. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcement additionally cotton in the order of 1-5%, preferably 1 to 3% (wt.%) To 5 has. 6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the reinforcement has a maximum of 5 wt.%, Preferably less than 3 wt.%, Elastomeranteil, such as rubber having. 10 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the proportion of reinforcements is incorporated in asphalt. 8. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the proportion of the reinforcements is incorporated into bitumen, which is then processed with gravel to asphalt. 9. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the building materials up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 30%, in particular 20 2-9%, reinforcements are added. 10. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pre-crushing of the elastomer products is carried out at ambient temperature. 25 11. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the fine comminution of the pre-shredded elastomer products is carried out in a cooled state. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the pre-shredded Elasto merprodukte are cooled with liquid nitrogen and the fine crushing is carried out by impact energy. 13. bituminous mix, in particular for a road surface with a blended 35 aggregate obtained with elastomeric polymeric reinforcements from recyklierten technical rubber products, such as scrap tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements in fine particulate form or powdered in the order of up to 50 weight percent, preferably from 2 to 9 weight percent of the bituminous mix are provided. 40 14. Mixture according to claim 13, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements contain polyamide and / or polyester and / or viscose and optionally also cotton. 15. Mix according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements with a titer between 1.7 to 8.0 dtex, corresponding to a diameter between 12.0 and 28 pm. 16. Gypsum-containing building materials, in particular gypsum plasterboards with an admixed additive with elastomeric polymer blends obtained from recykled technical rubber products, such as scrap tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements in the form of fines or powder in the order of up to 50 weight percent, preferably from 2 to 9 weight percent of the bituminous mix are provided. 55 17 AT 413 355 B 17. Building material according to claim 16, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements contain polyamide and / or polyester and / or viscose and optionally also cotton. 18. Building material according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements with a titer between 1.7 to 8.0 dtex, corresponding to a diameter between 12.0 and 28 μ. 19 screed with a blended aggregate with io polymer reinforcements derived from elastomer products from recyklierten technical rubber products, such as scrap tires, conveyor belts or drive elements, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements in fine particulate form or powdered in the order of up to 50 weight percent, preferably from 2 to 9 weight percent of the bituminous mix are provided. 15 20. screed according to claim 19, characterized in that the polymeric reinforcements contain polyamide and / or polyester and / or viscose and optionally also cotton. 21. Screed according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the polymeric Ar mierungen with a titer between 1.7 to 8.0 dtex, corresponding to a diameter between 12.0 and 28 μ. 22. Plant for carrying out the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 25 12 with: - a pre-crushing plant for polymer-reinforced elastomer products; a comminution device for comminuting the pre-shredded elastomer products; a separation device for reinforcements originating from the elastomer products; - optionally a separation device for the separation of metallic reinforcements from the amount of the separated from the elastomeric reinforcements; - A mixing device for mixing reinforcements in building materials or building aids, in particular in bituminous and / or gypsum-containing building materials or building aids, 35 characterized by - another mechanical comminution device in the form of a mill for the non-metallic reinforcements originating from the elastomer products. 23. Plant according to claim 22, characterized in that the device is designed for grinding the reinforcement 40 as a cutting mill. 24. Plant according to claim 22, characterized in that the device for grinding the reinforcement is designed as a toothed disk mill. 25. Plant according to claim 22, characterized in that the device for grinding the reinforcement is designed as a baffle plate mill. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 50 55