AT406108B - Vacuum generation for milking installations - Google Patents

Vacuum generation for milking installations Download PDF

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Publication number
AT406108B
AT406108B AT93298A AT93298A AT406108B AT 406108 B AT406108 B AT 406108B AT 93298 A AT93298 A AT 93298A AT 93298 A AT93298 A AT 93298A AT 406108 B AT406108 B AT 406108B
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liquid
valve
vacuum
container
lines
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AT93298A
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German (de)
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ATA93298A (en
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Laschober Gerhard
Laschober Monika
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Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for the combined generation of vacuum and heat using a liquid pump 1 which pumps the liquid into and out of containers 2, 3. During the respective essentially valve 6-controlled alternating pumping out of the liquid from the containers 2, 3, the liquid-free spaces 2b and 3b are enlarged, which produces a vacuum which acts via lines and vacuum vessels 4 in a milking installation. The intrinsic heat produced in the pump 1 is removed from this by the circulating liquid and delivered for use via heat exchangers 5. Heat insulation of the novelty according to the invention increases the heat utilization. <IMAGE>

Description

AT 406 108 BAT 406 108 B

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Vakuumerzeugung in einer Melkanlage oder Milchbehandlungsanlage, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einer Flüssigkeitspumpe zur Druckerzeugung und Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit, Flüssigkeitsbehältem zur Flüssigkeitsaufnahme und -abgabe, Ventilen und Leitungen zur Wegsteuerung der Druckmedien und Druckregelung, einem Ausgleichsbehälter zur Vakuumstabilisierung, Isolierung gegen Wärmeveriust sowie einem Wärmetauscher zur Wärmeentnahme.The invention relates to a device for vacuum generation in a milking plant or milk treatment plant, consisting essentially of a liquid pump for generating pressure and heating the liquid, liquid containers for receiving and dispensing liquid, valves and lines for controlling the pressure media and pressure control, an expansion tank for vacuum stabilization, insulation against Heat loss and a heat exchanger for heat extraction.

Die Vakuumerzeugung in einer Melkanlage erfolgt meist durch elektrisch betriebene Drehschieber-Vakuumpumpen, bei welchen ein exzentrisch im Pumpengehäuse angeordneter Rotor, unterteilt durch mehrere radial gleitender federloser Schieber, den Schöpfraum der Pumpe in mehrere Kammern teilt. Das Vakuum jeder Kammer ändert sich periodisch mit der Drehung des Rotors. Dadurch wird die Luft angesaugt. Sie strömpt durch den Ansaugstutzen und gelangt in den Schöpfraum. Durch den sich weiterdrehenden Rotor trennt der Schieber den Schöpfraum vomVacuum generation in a milking plant is usually carried out by electrically operated rotary vane vacuum pumps, in which a rotor arranged eccentrically in the pump housing, divided by several radially sliding springless slides, divides the pump's pumping chamber into several chambers. The vacuum of each chamber changes periodically with the rotation of the rotor. This will suck in the air. It flows through the intake manifold and enters the scoop. The spool separates the scoop from the rotating rotor

Ansaugstutzen, die Luft wird komprimiert und durch den Auspuffstutzen aus dem Schöpfraum gedrückt.Intake manifold, the air is compressed and pushed out of the exhaust chamber through the exhaust pipe.

Diese Drehschieberpumpen sind durch den hohen benötigten Luftdurchfluß bei Melkanlagen trotz Schalldämpfer lärmintensiv, sodaß insbesondere bei im verbauten Ortsgebiet befindlichen Melkanlagen sich der Lärm sehr störend auswirkt. Die Schmierung dieser beschriebenen Drehschieberpumpen erfolgt in der Regel meist mit öl, das sich umweltbelastend und kostenaufwendig erweist, ebenso entsteht durch die Reibung der Schieber in der Pumpe Wärme, die ungenützt an die Umgebung und über Auspuff abgegeben wird.These rotary vane pumps are noisy due to the high air flow required in milking systems, despite the silencer, so that the noise is very disruptive, especially in milking systems in the built-up area. The lubrication of the rotary vane pumps described is usually done with oil, which is environmentally harmful and costly, and the friction of the vanes in the pump also generates heat, which is released unused to the environment and via the exhaust.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Nachteile dadurch behoben, daß der Ausgleichsbehälter der Vorrichtung direkt an eine Melkanlage oder Milchbehandlungsanlage angeschlossen ist, daß die Flüssigkeitspumpe durch beim jeweiligen im wesentlichen von Ventilen gesteuertem abwechselndem Abpumpen der Flüssigkeit aus Behältern, die in diesen entstehenden flüssigkeitslosen Räume vergrößert und dadurch Vakuum entsteht und daß ein Wärmetauscher im Flüssigkeitskreislauf zur nutzbringenden Wärmeentnahme eingebaut ist.According to the invention, these disadvantages are eliminated in that the expansion tank of the device is connected directly to a milking plant or milk processing plant, that the liquid pump is increased by the pumping of the liquid from containers, which is essentially controlled by valves, which increases the resulting liquid-free spaces and thereby creates a vacuum and that a heat exchanger is installed in the liquid circuit for beneficial heat extraction.

Diese Vorrichtung oder Teile davon sind zweckmäßigerweise mit einer Wärmeisolierung versehen. Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit daß ein Ventil bedarfsweise die Flüssigkeiten aus den Behältern verbindet, um eine Vakuumreduzierung zu erreichen. In einer geeigneten Ausführung sind Leitungen zur Eigenwärmeentnahme von der Pumpe durch die Flüssigkeit angeordnet.This device or parts thereof are expediently provided with thermal insulation. There is also the possibility that a valve connects the liquids from the containers if necessary in order to achieve a vacuum reduction. In a suitable embodiment, lines are arranged for the natural heat removal from the pump through the liquid.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben, weiche eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung zeigt.A preferred embodiment is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which shows a schematic representation of the device.

Die Vorrichtung umfaßt im wesentlichen eine handelsübliche Flüssigkeitspumpe 1 deren Antriebskraft verschieden sein kann, die in der Vorrichtung als elektrobetrieben dargestellt ist, weiche die Flüssigkeit abwechselnd aus bzw. in die festwandigen Flüssigkeitsbehälter 2 und 3 pumpt. Die durch den Pumpvorgang entstehende Wärme in der Pumpe 1 wird nutzbringend entzogen. Die Flüssigkeit kann zweckmäßigerweise mit gleitfördemden, rost- und frosthemmenden Mitteln aufbereitetes Wasser sein.The device essentially comprises a commercially available liquid pump 1, the driving force of which can be different, which is shown in the device as being electrically operated, which alternately pumps the liquid out or into the solid-walled liquid containers 2 and 3. The heat generated in the pump 1 by the pumping process is usefully extracted. The liquid can expediently be water treated with slip-promoting, rust and frost-inhibiting agents.

Ein Behälter 4 dient zur Vakuumstabilisierung. Im Wärmetauscher 5 wird die im System vorhandene Wärme entzogen, auch im Bedarfsfall über Heizeinrichtung 27 zugeführtA container 4 is used for vacuum stabilization. In the heat exchanger 5, the heat present in the system is withdrawn and also supplied via a heating device 27 if necessary

Das Mehrwegeventil 6 besteht im wesentlichen aus dem Gehäuse, einem Kolben 24, der die Flüssigkeitsleitungen verbindet und der von den Steuerungskolben 22 und 23 bei Oberdruck hin und her bewegt wird aber nicht fix verbunden ist.The multi-way valve 6 consists essentially of the housing, a piston 24 which connects the liquid lines and which is moved back and forth by the control pistons 22 and 23 at top pressure but is not permanently connected.

Die Ventile 7 und 8 sind bei Atmosphären- bzw. Überdruck selbständig geschlossen, bei Unterdrück geöffnet. Ventile 9 und 10 sind umgekehrt bei Atmosphären- und Überdruck geöffnet, bei Unterdrück geschlossen. Die Schwimmerventile 9a und 10a sind geöffnet, sie werden nur durch die Flüssigkeit, welche die Behälter 2 und 3 abwechselnd befüllt, geschlossen.The valves 7 and 8 are automatically closed at atmospheric or overpressure and open at negative pressure. Conversely, valves 9 and 10 are open at atmospheric and excess pressure, and closed at negative pressure. The float valves 9a and 10a are open, they are only closed by the liquid which alternately fills the containers 2 and 3.

Flüssigkeitsführende Leitungen sind mit den Ziffern 11,12,13, 13a, 13b, 14,15, 25, 26, 34 und 35 bezeichnet Vakuum- und Luftleitungen sind mit den Ziffern 16, 17, 18, 20 und 21 bezeichnet. Eine Querschnittverminderung 19 dient zur Flüssigkeitsregelung durch Leitung 13a und 13b zur Kühlung des Motors der Flüssigkeitspumpe 1. 28 und 29 sind Leitungen zur Heizeinrichtung 27. Die Ziffern 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 und 35 beziehen sich auf die Vakuumregulierung und 37 auf die Auslaßöffnung der Leitung 18. Um Wärmeverluste gering zu halten ist eine Wärmeisolierung 36 vorgesehen. Flüssigkeitskontrolle ist durch Klarsichtleitung 38 gegeben, etwaige Nachfüllung ist über Hahn 39 möglich, jedoch in der Funktion nicht beschrieben.Liquid-carrying lines are designated by the numbers 11, 12, 13, 13a, 13b, 14, 15, 25, 26, 34 and 35. Vacuum and air lines are designated by the numbers 16, 17, 18, 20 and 21. A reduction in cross section 19 is used to control the liquid through lines 13a and 13b for cooling the motor of the liquid pump 1. 28 and 29 are lines to the heating device 27. Numbers 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35 relate to the vacuum regulation and 37 to the Outlet opening of the line 18. In order to keep heat losses low, thermal insulation 36 is provided. Liquid control is provided by transparent line 38, any refill is possible via tap 39, but the function is not described.

Funktionen: 2Features: 2

Claims (4)

AT 406 108 B Pumpe 1 pumpt Flüssigkeit in der Stellung I (in der Zeichnung dargestellt) des Ventils 6 aus Behälter 2 durch Leitungen 11, 12, 13 sowie 13a und 13b, durch Wärmetauscher 5, Leitungen 14 und 15 in den Behälter 3. In Behälter 3 vorhandene Luft kann über selbsttätige Ventile 9a und 9 durch Leitung 18, Auslaßöffnung 37 entweichen. Durch das Abpumpen der Flüssigkeit aus Behälter 2 wird der flüssigkeitsbefüllte Raum 2a kleiner und der flüssigkeitslose Raum 2b größer, somit entsteht Vakuum in Raum 2b. Dieser Unterdrück wirkt über selbsttätig geöffnetes Ventil 7 (Ventil 10 selbsttätig geschlossen), Leitung 16, Ausgleichsbehälter 4, Leitung 17 in der Melkanlage. Ist durch den vorher beschriebenen Pumpvorgang der Behälter 3 gefüllt, schließt selbsttätiges Schwimmerventil 9a (Ventil 8 ist selbsttätig geschlossen) die Entlüftungsleitung 18, dadurch entsteht Überdruck in Behälter 3, dieser wirkt über Leitung 20 auf Kolben 22 des Ventil 6, dieser überwindet den Halterwiderstand und bringt Kolben 24 des Ventils 6 in Stellung II. Folge dessen wird durch Pumpe 1 die Flüssigkeit aus Behälter 3, Leitung 15, Ventil 6 (Stellung II), Leitungen 12, 13, sowie 13a, 13b, durch Wärmetauscher 5, Leitungen 14 und 11 in den Behälter 2 gepumpt. In Behälter 2 vorhandene Luft kann über selbsttätige Ventile 10a und 10,durch Leitung 18, Auslaßöffnung 37 entweichen. Durch das Abpumpen der Flüssigkeit aus Behälter 3 wird der flüssigkeitsgefüllte Raum 3a kleiner und der flüssigkeitslose Raum 3b größer, somit entsteht hier im Raum 3b Vakuum, das in der Melkanlage über selbsttätig geöffnetes Ventil 8 (Ventil 9 selbsttätig geschlossen) Leitung 16, Ausgleichsbehälter 4, Leitung 17 wirkt Ist durch den soeben beschriebenen Pumpvorgang Behälter 2 mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt, schließt selbsttätiges Schwimmerventil 10a (Ventil 7 selbsttätig geschlossen) die Entlüftungsleitung 18, somit entsteht Überdruck im Behälter 2, dieser wirkt über Leitung 21 auf Kolben 23 des Ventils 6. Dieser Kolben 23 drückt auf Kolben 24,dessen Halterungswiderstand wird überwunden und bringt Kolben 24 wieder in Stellung 1 des Ventils 6. Dieser sich wiederholende rhythmische Vorgang des Befüllens und Abpumpens der Flüssigkeit der Behälter 2 und 3 bewirkt eine kontinuierliche Vakuumerzeugung. Die durch Pumpe 1 entstehende Wärme wird als Abwärme einerseits über Pumpenteile im Pumpengehäuse und andererseits durch das Umspülen der Flüssigkeit über Leitung 13a und 13b des Motorblockes an diese abgegeben. Die Wärme dieser erwärmten Flüssigkeit wird über Wärmetauscher 5, Leitung 25 und 26 nutzbringend entzogen. Eine ergänzende Möglichkeit der Wärmezufuhr ist durch Heizeinrichtung 27 über Anschlüsse 28 und oder 29 gegeben. Die Regelung der Vakuumhöhe des beschriebenen erzeugten Vakuums erfolgt entweder durch gesteuerten Lufteinlaß in Ventil 30 und oder durch öffnen u. Schließen durch von Fühler 31 und Fühlerleitung 32 beeinflußten Ventils 33, das die Flüssigkeit in Behälter 2 und 3 mittels Leitungen 34 und 35 verbindet, in der Folge durch die vorherrschende Druckdifferenz in den Behältern 2 und 3 ein Flüssigkeitsfluß entsteht, der die Menge des erzeugten Vakuums und in der Folge die Vakuumhöhe beeinflußt. Die erfindungsgemäße Neuerung bietet auch die Möglichkeit, daß die erwärmte Flüssigkeit zur Nutzung entnommen und ersetzt wird. Patentansprüche: 1. Vorrichtung zur Vakuumerzeugung in einer Melkanlage oder Milchbehandlungsanlage, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einer Flüssigkeitspumpe zur Druckerzeugung und Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit, Flüssigkeitsbehältem zur Flüssigkeitsaufnahme und -abgabe, Ventilen und Leitungen zur Wegsteuerung der Druckmedien und Druckregelung, einem Ausgleichsbehälter zur Vakuumstabilisierung, Isolierung gegen Wärmeveriust sowie einem Wärmetauscher zur Wärmeentnahme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgleichsbehälter (4) der Vorrichtung direkt an eine Melkanlage oder Milchbehandlungsanlage angeschlossen ist, daß die Flüssigkeitspumpe (I) durch beim jeweiligen im wesentlichen vom Ventil (6) gesteuerten Abpumpen der Flüssigkeit aus den Behältern (2) oder (3) die Räume 2b) oder 3b) vergrößert und dadurch zur Vakuumerzeugung dient; und daß der Wärmetauscher (5) im Flüssigkeitskreislauf zur nutzbringenden Wärmeentnahme eingebaut ist.AT 406 108 B Pump 1 pumps liquid in position I (shown in the drawing) of valve 6 from container 2 through lines 11, 12, 13 and 13a and 13b, through heat exchanger 5, lines 14 and 15 into container 3. In Container 3 existing air can escape through automatic valves 9a and 9 through line 18, outlet opening 37. By pumping the liquid out of the container 2, the liquid-filled room 2a becomes smaller and the liquid-free room 2b larger, thus creating a vacuum in room 2b. This suppression acts via automatically opened valve 7 (valve 10 automatically closed), line 16, expansion tank 4, line 17 in the milking system. If the container 3 is filled by the previously described pumping process, the automatic float valve 9a (valve 8 is automatically closed) closes the vent line 18, this creates excess pressure in the container 3, which acts on the piston 22 of the valve 6 via line 20, which overcomes the holder resistance and brings piston 24 of valve 6 into position II. As a result, pump 1 causes the liquid from container 3, line 15, valve 6 (position II), lines 12, 13 and 13a, 13b, through heat exchanger 5, lines 14 and 11 pumped into container 2. Air present in container 2 can escape through outlet valve 37 via automatic valves 10a and 10. By pumping the liquid out of the container 3, the liquid-filled space 3a becomes smaller and the liquid-free space 3b larger, thus creating a vacuum in the space 3b, which in the milking system has an automatically opened valve 8 (valve 9 automatically closed) line 16, expansion tank 4, Line 17 acts If tank 2 is filled with liquid as a result of the pumping process just described, automatic float valve 10a (valve 7 automatically closed) closes vent line 18, thus creating excess pressure in container 2, which acts on line 23 on piston 23 of valve 6. This piston 23 presses piston 24, the support resistance of which is overcome and brings piston 24 back into position 1 of valve 6. This repetitive rhythmic process of filling and pumping out the liquid from containers 2 and 3 causes a continuous vacuum generation. The heat generated by pump 1 is given off as waste heat on the one hand via pump parts in the pump housing and on the other hand by rinsing the liquid through lines 13a and 13b of the engine block. The heat of this heated liquid is usefully removed via heat exchanger 5, lines 25 and 26. A supplementary possibility of supplying heat is provided by heating device 27 via connections 28 and or 29. The regulation of the vacuum level of the vacuum generated is carried out either by controlled air inlet in valve 30 and or by opening u. Closing by valve 33 influenced by sensor 31 and sensor line 32, which connects the liquid in containers 2 and 3 by means of lines 34 and 35, as a result of the prevailing pressure difference in containers 2 and 3, a liquid flow arises which corresponds to the amount of vacuum generated and subsequently affects the vacuum level. The innovation according to the invention also offers the possibility that the heated liquid is removed for use and replaced. Claims: 1. Device for vacuum generation in a milking plant or milk treatment plant, consisting essentially of a liquid pump for generating pressure and heating the liquid, liquid containers for receiving and dispensing liquid, valves and lines for controlling the pressure media and pressure control, an expansion tank for vacuum stabilization, insulation against Heat loss and a heat exchanger for extracting heat, characterized in that the expansion tank (4) of the device is connected directly to a milking or milk processing system, that the liquid pump (I) is pumped out of the tanks by the valve (6), which is essentially controlled by the valve (6) (2) or (3) the rooms 2b) or 3b) enlarged and thereby used to generate a vacuum; and that the heat exchanger (5) is installed in the liquid circuit for beneficial heat extraction. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die gesamte Vorrichtung oder Teile dieser eine Wärmeisolierung (36) aufweist. 3 AT 406 1 08 B2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire device or parts thereof have thermal insulation (36). 3 AT 406 1 08 B 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Vakuumreduzierventil (33) in die Flüssigkeitsleitungen (34, 35) zwischen den Behältern (2) und (3) eingesetzt ist, um eine Vakuumreduzierung zu erreichen.3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a vacuum reducing valve (33) in the liquid lines (34, 35) between the containers (2) and (3) is used to achieve a vacuum reduction. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitungen (I3a) und 13b) 5 zur Eigenwärmeentnahme von der Pumpe (1) durch die Flüssigkeit angeordnet sind. Hiezu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 44. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lines (I3a) and 13b) 5 are arranged for the removal of heat by the pump (1) by the liquid. With 1 sheet of drawings 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 4
AT93298A 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 Vacuum generation for milking installations AT406108B (en)

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