AT396178B - FILLED BODY FOR PLANTS FOR ENERGY AND / OR FUEL EXCHANGE BETWEEN GAS AND / OR LIQUID MEDIA OR DROP SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Description

AT396 178 B

The invention relates to a packing for systems for energy and / or mass transfer between gas and / or liquid media or droplet separators, for. B. for cooling towers, for trickling filters in biological wastewater treatment plants or for chemical columns, for heat exchangers or for liquid distributors, in which the media directly touch or penetrate, with adjacent, by the gas and / or 5 liquid media around and / or flowed through channels and these channels are limited or formed by pipes and / or tapes.

A packing of this type is known from DE-OS 3110 859 (= Austrian patent AT-B-380 335). In this construction known as *, screw surfaces each form the central element of a packing channel around which the media flows move State of the art to name the following publications:

German Offenlegungsschrift 2312 649: With the device described here, the media flows in tubes or tube bundles and their spaces are directed back and forth, but without a rotation impulse. The media flows in the pipes only from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Width or cross media exchange is not possible within a package. 15 German designation 16 01 131: This is also a zigzag system as in the subject of the above-mentioned document (DE-OS 23 12 649). Here, too, the media are directed back and forth in the channels, but without experiencing any rotation impulses.

German Auslegeschrift 15 51419: The device described here is a typical slat system. Lamellar systems consist of corrugated or otherwise deformed strips or plates, usually made of plastic material, or spaced apart essentially by spacing means. Various systems of such lamellar fillers are described in the literature; everyone tries to achieve an optimum between large surfaces, favorable media distribution and low pressure loss. The realization of this intention is opposed by the fact that, due to the lamellar structure, the media have to flow through loss-making zigzag paths and can only compensate two-dimensionally within a package of felling bodies. In the media package, there is only two-dimensional media compensation here. The media do not get a rotating movement, but only cover zigzag paths.

British Offenlegungsschrift 20 37 973: This is primarily an indirect energy exchange facility. Nothing concrete is said about other physical and chemical processes. Neither 30 is mentioned of a countercurrent, nor of a crossflow, nor of a co-current principle. The liquid just runs down. It is also not clear from this publication whether the gas-air compensation takes place from the lower to the upper container or whether both have a different gas supply or discharge. A film-like thin layer of liquid is sought in the tubes, but has no opposite direction of rotation. 35 DE-PS 104 618 and AT-PS 281 882: These two publications describe fillers which represent a typical zigzag system. The media are directed back and forth in these channels, but they receive no angular momentum. CH-PS 620 760: This publication describes pipes with indentations and formations, which are preferably combined into bundles. These indentations and formations of the tube shell are arranged at a fixed angle with respect to the tube axis, so that a helical shape is preferably obtained. What is intended and required by this construction is: better mixing of the media flowing in these pipes and / or better heat transfer when using or using this device as a heat exchanger, in which the medium to be cooled or cooled is separated from one another by walls, these heat exchange walls should offer more heat transfer surfaces per tube length 45 due to the indentations and bulges. DE-PS 2122 537: This is a packing with a honeycomb structure of its channels, which results from the joining together of half channels. Each of these half channels therefore only surrounds three sides of the six-sided honeycomb. If one proceeds according to the instructions in this patent specification, the helically arranged channels and beads of each of the half channels facing one another have an opposite direction of rotation.

No overall honeycomb contains an all-round screw-like structure. In addition, these honeycombs are connected together on three of their sides. DE-OS 14 44 456: In the construction described here, flat and corrugated sheets are layered in layers to form a drum-like structure and connected to one another. The individual tracks are perforated 55 DE-OS 3313 422: Here, a heat exchanger is explained in which the two media are separated from one another by walls. DE-OS 26 08 623: This is also a heat exchanger in which the medium to be cooled and the medium to be cooled are separated from one another by walls.

The present invention is based on the prior art discussed at the outset and aims to design a packing 60 in such a way that its manufacture is simplified and, on the other hand, the efficiency is additionally improved by this redesign. To solve this problem, it is provided that the tubes or strips forming the channels have at least part of their surface and / or -2-

AT 396178 B

Have bulges, and these indentations and / or bulges in opposite directions with respect to the axis of the respective channel along a helical line in at least some immediately adjacent channels. Such fillers can be arranged so that their channels are essentially vertical, but inclined or even lying arrangements are also conceivable and known, but this depends on the particular application of the filler.

The idea on which the invention is based can be implemented in numerous embodiments. This is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. FIGS. 1 to 13 illustrate various embodiments of the invention, each of which is associated with a plurality of representations and these representations relate to details as well as combinations thereof, which are explained in detail in the explanation of the respective figure becomes.

The basic idea of the invention is first explained with reference to Mg. 1. In Mg. 1, two square tubes (11) and (12) with flattened corners (110) and (120) are shown in cross section. These are further shaped (see (11 ') and (12') and (18)) so that bulges (111), (121) alternate with identical indentations (112), (122) at an angle to the pipe axis - ascending clockwise, for example . This is shown in the perspective illustration (18). If you now (see Fig. 1, below) the pipes (11 ') and (12') thus formed are joined together in a corner, together with the same pipes (13 ') and (14'), a channel (15) is formed between them. as an exact mirror image, including the mirror-inverted reverse rotation: If the channels (11 *) to (14 *) rise clockwise, as indicated by the circular arrows there, the channel (15) created will inevitably rise counter-clockwise. The result is an opposite sense of turn (i.e. a laminar synchronicity) of the immediately adjacent packing channels, which overlap with their indentations and bulges. This counter-rotating sense of the winding causes the media streams emerging from the packing to mesh with one another like a gearwheel and, if necessary, mix further without causing unnecessary loss of friction. Even without a mixing effect, this is e.g. B. important in cooling tower operation to avoid unnecessary pressure loss.

2, the elements and the channel bundle made therefrom are essentially identical to those in FIG. 1, but are shown rotated by 45 °. The square tubes (211) to (217) in FIG. 2 or the further shaped tubes (211 ') to (217') or (211 ") to (217") correspond to the tubes (11) and (12) or (11 ') to (14') of FIG. 1. The resulting channels (221) to (224) of FIG. 2 correspond to channel (15) of FIG. 1.

In Fig. 3 (311) to (317) only the bulges of the tubes (211 ") to (217 ") of Fig. 2 are shown projected together with their (for example) clockwise rotation. With (321) to (324) - in particular (322) and (323) - the "gap channels" that arise automatically (as a result of the joining of the pipes (311) to (317)) are indicated. The dashed circles mean their bulge «!, Which arose automatically as a result of the indentations of the pipes (311) to (317) (see pipe deformations (211 ') to (217')). As " gap channels " their direction of rotation is reversed to that of the " pipe ducts " In summary (" Σ ") in Fig. 3 the partial kieis arrows show on the one hand the superimposition of the sense of rotation, on the other hand it shows that there is a central, opposing «1 (i.e. laminar coexistence) turn sense of the immediately adjacent ones, which overlap with their indentations and bulges Packing channels result, i.e. (311 ') to (317') on the one hand and (321 ') to (324') on the other.

In Fig. 3 - as was the case in the description of Figs. 1 and 2 - reference is no longer made to the emergence of the bulged / indented tubes from square tubes. They can be fully deformed from the start or by means of a subsequent step, as shown in FIG. 4. But it is also conceivable that part of the really underlying «! Pipe stops or an imaginary exit pipe is molded. See (54) and (55), Fig. 5.

2 and 3 for a top view, that is to say the outline of a group of pipes. Said, is shown in perspective from the side and with some longitudinal sections through the jacket of the sewer pipes. In Fig. 4 (41/42) and (41742 ') a section through that tube zone is shown where the bulges and indentations can run to zero, that is, in the edge of the tube. Sometimes columns are desired there in order to target media distribution or media mixing or media balancing in or with or from neighboring channels. The cut (43/44) through the zone of the highest protrusions or deepest indentations is shown with (43744 '). The dashed line indicates the imaginary plane of a square tube surface. The indentations / indentations can have any desired or appropriate cross-section, as is indicated with some examples in (43 ”) to (44 '" "). The choice of cross-sectional shape will depend on the intended use. The angle - see (53) from FIG. 5 - at which they are in relation to the pipe axis is also chosen from the point of view of expediency

Fig. 5 shows a tube with partially left or molded square zones (54) and (55). Following the section arrows (51/52), some indentation / bulge examples are again shown with (51 ') to (52 " "). The choice of the bay cross-sections and the angle of inclination of the screw «allow the filler to understand the speeds and physical states or viscosities to design media adapted.

6 to 10 are intended to illustrate that the actual or even just imagined exit pipe can not only have a square cross-section, as follows so far following the "simplifying explanation". -3-

AT396 178 B

Any other polygon tube is suitable for further shaping and then for joining to the packing elements according to the invention. 6 shows a hexagonal tube, FIG. 7 shows a triangular tube and FIGS. 8 and 9 each show an octagonal tube as a real or only intended starting material. From FIG. 6 it is also clear that the indentations (630) must in no way have the same radius as the indentations (640) and that in this way a variable space channel system (621) to (624) can be achieved such space channel system is discussed in the discussion of FIG. 8.

From «1 different arc sections with the same radii are also possible. See, for example, the space channel (1220) in FIG. 12, which has arisen from the curved sections (1211) to (1214) of the outlet tubes (1201) to (1204) 10. FIG. 7 shows a channel bundle formed from triangular tubes (real or imaginary) the output pipe (701), the bulges (702), equal to the radius of the circumference, and the indentations shown in (703) with the same radii. From the drawing it can be seen that the joining of the pipes (710) to (715) also creates space channels (720) to (723) with the same geometrically mirror-image shape, that is to say also the opposite direction of rotation. The radii of the fill-in and fill-in lines selected according to FIG. 7 show in the top view (730) that in the spatial view a complete covering or covering of the channel cross-sections is guaranteed. This is to avoid the diarrhea of drops, for example when vertical filler bodies are installed in cooling towers desirable With (740), the interaction of the direction of rotation is repeatedly emphasized - without drawing in the indentations and indentations.

The principle is also clear hi 1: 20 a) neighboring channels have opposite directions of rotation; b) This results in laminar synchronicity in the adjacent channel zones.

In Fig. 8, (800) indicates an octagonal channel with only slight bays, which according to (810) 25 can be part of a channel bundle. The opposite direction of rotation of the bayings of adjacent channels is indicated with (821) to (823) on the one hand and on the other hand with (831) to (833) Rooms (841) to (844) can be completely open upwards and / or downwards and / or laterally or closed or partially closed or partially filled by means of filling bodies or used for secondary purposes, such as for example for water distribution penetrating a droplet separator. In this context, reference is made to the 30 statements in the applicant's DE-OS 3110 859, in particular regarding the statement «! 28 to 32 as well as 33 and 36. It is evident from the previous illustrations and explanations that such gaps can be larger or smaller relative to the main channels and can be formed in almost any type or combination of channels.

Fig. 9 is intended to illustrate that the bulges and indentations are not subject to a certain geometry 35, but rather follow the application requirements of the packing. For example, the outlet pipe (910) can be shaped in accordance with the types (911), (912) or (913) and then a type (or some in a mixture) of the packing (920), in which the bookings are no longer shown «I, put together. With (911), (912) and (913) it is shown that precisely this type of construction allows a wide range of variations in the bay widths and thus the packing can be easily adapted to the respective speeds and types of media.

10 again shows hexagonal tubes, with bookings for example according to (1001) and (1002).

Hi «becomes clear: 45 a) in directions (1021 - 1022) and (1031 - 1032) the direction of rotation alternates from channel to channel; b) rotated by 45 ° vCT (e.g., in the direction (1041 - 1042)) this does not apply. Therefore - as indicated by double dashes - the channel sections without laminar flow are delimited from one another and do not overlap. 50

With (1051) and (1052) it is shown that the packing elements do not necessarily have to originate from tubes in the actual sense, but can also be formed from preformed strips. Such volumes - for example (1051) and (1052) - are provided with bulges and indentations and form the channels and interstice channels when they are joined together. 55 This becomes even clearer from FIG. 11. The belts (1110) and (1120) shown in phantom have bays (1131) and (1132), such as those with (111), (112), (121), (122 ) shown in Fig. 1 on pipes and there are also shown in perspective in area (18). If one joins these tapes, as shown with (1140), channels with screwing joints with the same geometry are created as if they had been assembled from deformed pipes, as previously described. A single belt is shown in plan view with (1150). The use of belts enables the rational production of the belts in the extrusion or deep-drawing process and facilitates automation when assembling them into the packing.

Finally, it should also be mentioned that the tubes or strips in question are entirely otters in part as -4-

Claims (15)

AT 396 178 B double wall pipes or hollow bands can be carried out in order to make them serve the same purposes as mentioned above or in DE-OS 31 10 859 for cavity screw surfaces and. Like. »was explained and also the screw surface body can have different gradients and - as previously known - additional surface roughness or knobs. 13 shows a further design option in the form of a screw. Such a tube design results in a mixed form of the construction known from DE-OS 31 10 859, in which the screw surfaces represent central bodies around which the media streams wind, and from the present invention, in which the screw surfaces encompass the media streams and them from the outside share a screwing rotation ». In Fig. 13, the media streams winding through the screw tube (1300) are indicated with arrows (1302) and the media streams winding around the screw tube with (1303). Any perforation (1304) enables media exchange or media compensation and the like. In the simplified projection (1320) in the direction of the tube axis (1301 ') (1321) means the outer contour and (1322) the inner contour of the screw surface tube. With (1340), as an example, a section from a filler is shown in plan view, which can arise from the tubes (1300). With (1300 ') to (1300 " ") these screw surface tubes are reduced in size and only indicated with their outer contours.The arrows show both the winding direction of the tubes and the direction of rotation of a medium rising inside and outside. With (1341) and (1341 " '), the filler bodies or auxiliary pipes etc. known from DE-OS 31 10 859 are indicated, which have already been mentioned above in connection with the explanations for FIG. 8. PATENT CLAIMS 1. Packing material for systems for energy and / or material exchange between gas and / or liquid media or droplet separators, e.g. B. for cooling towers, for trickling filters in biological wastewater treatment plants or for chemical columns, for heat exchangers or for liquid distributors, in which the media directly touch or penetrate, with side by side, the gas and / or liquid media flow around and / or through Channels and these channels are delimited or formed by tubes and / or bands, characterized in that the tubes or bands forming the channels have indentations and / or bulges at least over part of their surface, and these indentations and / or bulges are related on the axis of the respective channel along a helical line in at least some immediately adjacent channels 2. Packing body according to claim 1, characterized in that round tubes or polygonal tubes, for example triangular or square tubes, are provided, and on indentations (111, 121) lying at an angle to the tube axis, there are alternating indentations (112, 122) and several similarly shaped tubes (1Γ, 12 ', 13', 14 ') lie with their longitudinal edges against one another, thus forming an interstice channel (15) with dimensions and shape »i corresponding to the tubes (1Γ, 12', 13 ', 14') or limit. 3. Packing element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the winding sense of the indentations and bulges delimiting the intermediate space channel (15) is reversed to the winding direction of the tubes (11 ', 12', 13 ', 14') which directly form the channels. is 4. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the indentations or bulges over their length, based on the axis of the tube, have different radial extents and preferably in the case of polygonal tubes in the edge region of the tube in the tube jacket or in the transition area between bulge and indentation run out. 5. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bulges and indentations have different shapes and dimensions and their screw-like surfaces can have different slopes in their course or in their sequence. 6. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the maximum radial or transverse extent of the bulge or indentation is at least as large as half the diameter or half the cross-sectional height of the channel cross-section. -5- ΑΤ 396 178 Β 7. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adjacent, preferably similarly shaped tubes between them delimit an interstice channel, which has a cross-sectional size that deviates from the cross-section of the tubes (FIG. 6) and / or cross-sectional shape (FIG. 8). 8. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cross sections of the polygonal tubes have different side lengths (Fig. 9). 9. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that openings, openings, gaps or the like are provided in the walls of the tubes and / or strips. 10. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the boundary zones of adjacent tubes and / or strips, which are formed by their abutment, openings, openings, gaps or the like. 11. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tubes forming the channels are formed from strips prefabricated with indentations and bulges and each tube consists of at least two tube shells. 12. Packing body according to claim 11, characterized in that a band has a plurality of immediately adjacent, tube shells forming deformations and by assembling two correspondingly shaped bands »* a flat tube bundle can be manufactured. 13. Packing body according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a plurality of flat tube bundles abut against one another with their bulges and are joined together, and so are formed in addition to the tubes between the same spaces (Fig. 11). 14. Packing element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the surfaces of the tubes or strips carry additional unevenness in a manner known per se in the case of packing elements, for example knobs or surface roughness. 15. Packing according to one of the preceding claims, in particular after opening 1, characterized in that all channels that penetrate the indentations and bulges of their wall surface have opposite directions of rotation and are parallel with all other channels with which they over the corners or are tangentially connected. Including 12 sheets of drawings -6-