US20080071413A1 - Die-level traceability mechanism for semiconductor assembly and test facility - Google Patents
Die-level traceability mechanism for semiconductor assembly and test facility Download PDFInfo
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- US20080071413A1 US20080071413A1 US11/982,163 US98216307A US2008071413A1 US 20080071413 A1 US20080071413 A1 US 20080071413A1 US 98216307 A US98216307 A US 98216307A US 2008071413 A1 US2008071413 A1 US 2008071413A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to systems and methods for tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot of a semiconductor assembly and test facility to another.
- dies also known as die units
- die units are fabricated on a single wafer. These dies are later separated and packaged into individual chips.
- the yield of chips from each wafer is not 100% because of defects during the manufacturing process.
- the number of good die obtained from a wafer determines the yield.
- Die units are typically transferred from one facility to another, or lot to lot, for various manufacturing and quality control operations.
- each die unit on a wafer is assigned a unique identifier (Die ID), and each wafer is assigned to a grouping of wafers such as a lot. Wafers in a lot are sometimes tracked as Materials of the lot. Lot and Material objects in the Manufacturing Execution System (MES) are a representation of the physical items in the factory.
- the die IDs can be of any format and one convention is to use the coordinate position of the dies on the wafer as an identifier (or part of a die's identifier) where the die IDs can (but do not necessarily) contain information regarding the lot that the IDs are in.
- any additional information corresponding to the dies are assigned into Additional Strings, which together with the combined Die IDs constitute the die information of the Lot or other Material. For example, users may want to add information such as product, grade, etc. to each die in the lot. Such information can be carried in the Additional strings.
- the corresponding elements of the Die ID are matched with the Additional String, the information of the individual die, i.e. its ID and, say, its product can be obtained.
- the corresponding die information When there is a transfer of at least some of the die units from one lot to another, the corresponding die information along with its wafer and lot information needs to be passed to the new lot.
- This die information is useful in tracing, at the die unit level, an individual die's history in terms of operation undergone, carrier used for its transportation, the lot it belonged to at various times, and other historical information.
- die units may be drawn for processing from, for example, a first wafer within a first lot.
- die units can be drawn from multiple locations. Co-mingling good dies from various locations of a single wafer, from several wafers, and from several wafer lots is what typically occurs during the assembly operation. Unfortunately, whenever die units among multiple wafers and multiple lots are co-mingled, traceability as to a particular die unit is lost. If a die later proves unreliable in the field, it would be beneficial from the viewpoint of the manufacturer to identify the source of the die unit. It would also be desirable to determine how and when the die unit was manufactured. Such indicia could aid the manufacturer in improving the manufacturing process not only after the die units are shipped, but also possibly during tests of the die units before shipment.
- the present invention provides a novel method, system and computer program product for tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot to another and efficiently maintain correspondence between die data and an individual die during, e.g., a lot transfer process.
- One or more embodiments of the present invention are intended to improve the mechanism of die-level traceability by assigning individual die IDs to each die unit, e.g., each lot, and associating a range of die IDs with a corresponding index string.
- the die IDs may include wafer ID, X-coordinate, and Y-coordinate, and can include other die-related information.
- the die information of a lot or material object comprises the die IDs and Additional Strings.
- the entire die information associated with the first lot is copied to the second lot, and a different index string is assigned to the second lot to indicate the actual dies or ranges of dies that have been transferred.
- the first lot's index string is then adjusted to indicate the dies remaining in the first lot after the transfer.
- the present invention relates to a method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which include the operative steps of assigning a first index string to a plurality of die strings that are in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein the plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copying the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, assigning a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and adjusting the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- the die strings include wafer ID and die coordinates, each die coordinates includes an X-coordinate and Y-coordinate, the die strings include wafer ID and a range of number sequence, and the method die strings are generated from a die map of the source object.
- the source object is a plurality of wafers and the receiving object is a plurality of lead frames.
- the source object is a first plurality of lead frames and the receiving object is a second plurality of magazines.
- the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of assigning a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of assigning a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string.
- the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of storing said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object, wherein the stored index strings and die strings trace the history of the die units, and generating a report comprising die unit trace information.
- the present invention relates to a system for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which includes a processor to assign a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each indice within the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, a tracking mechanism to track at least some die units transferred from the source object to a receiving object, wherein said tracking mechanism copies at least some die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object, assigns a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object and adjusts the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- system according to present invention further comprises a die bonder device for generating die strings from a die map of the source object.
- system according to present invention further comprises a die history table for storing index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
- the present invention relates to a system for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which includes means for assigning a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, means for, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copying the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, means for assigning a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and means for adjusting the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- the die strings include wafer ID and die coordinates, wherein the die strings are generated from a die map of the source object, and wherein the die coordinates include X-coordinate and Y-coordinate.
- the die strings include wafer ID and a range of number sequence.
- the source object is a plurality of wafers and the receiving object is a plurality of lead frames.
- the source object is a plurality of lead frames and the receiving object is a plurality of magazines.
- system according to present invention further comprises means for assigning a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- system according to present invention further comprises means for assigning a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string.
- system according to present invention further comprises means for storing said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
- An example of the present invention is also directed to a computer program product residing on a computer readable medium, the computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to assign a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copy the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, assign a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and adjust the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to assign a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to assign a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string.
- the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to store said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
- FIG. 1 is an embodiment of an exemplary die-level traceability system in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow diagram in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the die-level traceability mechanism of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows exemplary die pick patterns for a wafer.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a wafer's die pick order.
- FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one lot to another lot in a split lot transaction.
- FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one lot to another lot in a merge lot transaction.
- FIG. 7 shows an exemplary graphical user interface (UI) for the present invention that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations.
- UI graphical user interface
- FIG. 8 shows another exemplary graphical user interface for the present invention that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations.
- FIG. 9 shows an exemplary graphical user interface for the present invention that is used for retrieving Die Trace Information.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a die-level traceability system, method and product for facilitating tracing die units during manufacturing operations where, e.g., a portion of one lot is transferred to another lot.
- a die-level traceability system generally designated 100 , for facilitating tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot to another and efficiently maintaining correspondence between die data and an individual die during, e.g., a lot transfer process.
- System 100 can include one or more manufacturing system 102 , testing, assembly and packaging system 104 (e.g.
- Testing, assembly and packaging system 104 can include devices for performing operations related to, for example, wafer testing 104 a (e.g. APT System, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio), dicing 104 b (e.g. Dynatex Wafer Dicing System, Dynatex International, Santa Rosa, Calif.), one wire bonding 104 c (e.g.
- wafer testing 104 a e.g. APT System, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
- dicing 104 b e.g. Dynatex Wafer Dicing System, Dynatex International, Santa Rosa, Calif.
- one wire bonding 104 c e.g.
- the application server 110 generates unique die IDs for each die unit from a user.
- the application server 110 assigns the die IDs in one-to-one correspondence to the die units.
- the die IDs are generated by the manufacturing system 102 .
- a die ID can be a free-form string (die string) that is user-defined or externally generated by an application or a tool.
- the die IDs generated are stored in the database 112 .
- the die IDs for die units in a lot or material can be stored as a concatenated string that is assigned to a lot or material object (WIP objects).
- WIP objects lot or material object
- the die information can be assigned to the largest WIP object (e.g., lot rather than material) that is associated with a carrier object.
- the application server 110 assigns an index string to the die information from a source WIP object in the manufacturing system 102 .
- This index string is, e.g., a numeric range or ranges representing the actual die units in a given WIP object.
- the manufacturing system 102 transmits data related to the transfer operation of die units performed by each device in the testing, assembly and packaging system 104 to application server 110 .
- die bonder tool 104 c can provide information as to which series of dies from a wafer are placed into individual lead frames or magazines.
- Application server 110 receives this data via the network 106 and assigns another index string to the die information corresponding to the die units transferred to the receiving WIP object.
- all of the die information from the source WIP object is copied to the receiving WIP object.
- the application server 110 concatenates the index string corresponding to the die units transferred from the source WIP object with the die information in the receiving WIP object and stores the resulting string in the database 112 .
- the application server 110 adjusts the index string corresponding to the die units in the source WIP object to indicate the die units remaining in the source WIP object and stores the resulting string in the database 112 .
- the system 100 traces a particular die's history as it is passed from one WIP object to another, and allows for transferring dies amongst WIP objects by adjusting the index strings rather than adjusting the typically more voluminous die information.
- FIG. 2 generally at 200 , illustrates an exemplary method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the mechanism of die-level traceability of the present invention.
- the application server 110 assigns a unique string of individual die IDs to the die units in the lot or material objects. In one embodiment, the application server 110 assigns a sequential range of die IDs to the lot or material objects. Die IDs (and by association, die information, generally) assigned to a WIP object by the application server 110 can be as a result of input from a die map, for example, from the front-end facilities, or are provided by an individual tool, and are envisioned to be of a form that is uniquely identifiable.
- the die bonder tool 104 c can provide die information in the form of coordinates of die units in wafers placed into the individual lead frames or magazines.
- This die information can include absolute unique coordinates (e.g., ⁇ unique wafer ID>_ ⁇ Xm>_ ⁇ Yn>, ⁇ unique wafer ID>_ ⁇ Xv>_ ⁇ Yw).
- the system supports five additional matching strings of die information that could be appended to the die IDs.
- the number of items described in each string matches the number of discrete die IDs in the die ID string.
- the index string assigned to the die IDs also applies to all additional string appended to the die IDs.
- These additional strings allow the user to define additional die information without having to append data to the discrete die IDs. In effect, it provides the equivalent of having 5 attribute fields for each die ID.
- These strings along with the index string forms a set of die data. Die data for a lot or material are stored in a concatenated string of individual die IDs, together with a corresponding index string. The indices indicate the actual dies or range of dies held by the lot or material object.
- the die information includes die maps with picking order data by, e.g., the die-bonder tool when the wafer is not rectangular.
- FIG. 3 illustrates exemplary die picking patterns for a wafer.
- the die pick pattern of the die bonder equipment determines the die ID list passed to the lead frame magazines.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a wafer's die pick order by the die-bonder tool.
- This die information including the die maps is used if die information formats are in ranges, implying that the die information assigned to a WIP object does not have discrete die IDs that are directly retrievable from the database 112 .
- the pick pattern information is stored by product type and in another (or overlapping) example the pick pattern information is stored by wafer size.
- One or more embodiments of the present invention includes a die picking order table (and use thereof) that stores die coordinate patterns of wafer of a product type.
- the die picking order table could be used as a lookup table between a wafer coordinate range and a sequence number range.
- the lookup table facilitates the lookup of actual coordinates if the die range information is provided as a numbered range.
- Table 1 shows an example of a die pick order for the wafer shown in FIG. 4 . Whenever this table is used as a lookup, the system strips off the part of the die ID string based on known naming convention. In one example, while searching for “wafer23415_x24_y2”, the system will use the “x24_y2” portion of the die ID.
- the system retrieves the appropriate pick pattern based on the wafer's product type. For range 1 through 480, the system can generate individual die IDs by concatenating the waferID with the coordinates of each sequence (e.g. “WaferXYZ_x21_y1” for 1st die, “WaferXYZ_x22_y1” for 2nd die, and so forth).
- the die data for “Magazine101” is then “WaferXYZ_x21_y1, WaferXYZ_x22_y1, . . .
- Product_A_wafer_pattern 37 x57_y1 (end first row - die # 37)
- Product_A_wafer_pattern 38 x20_y2 (start 2nd row - die # 38)
- Product_A_wafer_pattern 39 x21_y2
- Product_A_wafer_pattern 40 x22_y2
- Product_A_wafer_pattern 41 X23_y2 . . . . . . . .
- the sequence number for each coordinate in Table 1 could be used to identify individual die IDs after a split transaction.
- the system can store die information in three parts: the raw coordinate range data, a sequence number range data, and the die map name.
- the die information includes die string (e.g., wafer1_x1_y1:wafer_x3_y42), range data (e.g., 1:480), and die map name (e.g., ProductA_wafer pattern).
- the application server 110 assigns an index string to the die units in the WIP object.
- the index string represents the range of die units in the WIP object.
- the system determines whether there is a physical transfer of die units from one WIP object to another. Exemplary operations wherein die units are transferred from one WIP object to another include recording losses, lot split and merge, material transfer, material regrouping within the same lot, remove material from a lot, terminal lot, adjust lot, and the like. If there is a physical transfer of die units from one WIP object to another, then, at step 208 , the system copies the die information to a receiving WIP object.
- the physical transfer of die units occurs during the operation that includes a split lot transaction. In another embodiment of the present invention, the physical transfer of die units occurs during the operation that includes a lot merge operation. In one embodiment of the present invention regarding a split lot transaction, the system, at step 208 , will copy the entire parent lot die information to the child lot. In one embodiment of the present invention regarding a merge operation, the system will merge the die information of all merging lots into the target lot.
- Range data 2501:5000 valid range of dies in the index string
- Range data 0:0 valid range of dies in the string is adjusted to zero
- all die ID strings remain the same, and only the index string is changed (as detailed below).
- the system will assign another index string to the die units transferred to the receiving WIP object.
- the index string will indicate the die units transferred from the source WIP object to the receiving WIP object.
- the system will adjust the index string assigned to the die units remaining in the source WIP object.
- the index string is adjusted to indicate the die units remaining in the source WIP object after the transfer.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one WIP object to another (e.g., lot split transaction from LOT 1 to LOT 2 ; lot merge transaction between LOT 3 and LOTS 4 ).
- the physical transfer of die units occurs during operations that includes moving a lot containing wafer cassettes in the manufacturing system 102 through die bonder 104 c and wire bonder 104 d , placing dies on lead frames, and placing the lead frame in lead frame magazines.
- a material is created to represent one magazine of lead frames. The magazine's die IDs can be assigned to that material.
- die information includes: Die ID string: ⁇ user-defined free-format die ID string> AdditionalString1: ⁇ user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString2: ⁇ user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString3: ⁇ user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString4: ⁇ user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString5: ⁇ user-defined free-format additional die information string> Range data: ⁇ range data with respect to the die ID string> Die map name: [optional] ⁇ Die map name> die picking order
- Die ID string “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456- 1.1_x1_y48, etc, lot34456-1.2_x1_y1”
- AdditionalString4: AdditionalString5: Range data 1:480 Die map name: For range coordinate: Die ID string: “wafer1_x1_y1:wafer1_x3_y42” AdditionalString1: “leadframe1,leadframe1,.........., leadframe40”
- AdditionalString2: “location-1,location-1,......... >, location-3”
- the changes due to the transfer of die units from one WIP object to another is recorded in the die history table.
- the trail of WIP objects carrying die units including the WIP objects' history facilitates the system to trace the history of die units.
- FIG. 7 shows an exemplary Specify Die Information UI that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations.
- the system will provide a user interface to specify Die ID information, either in terms of a range or in the format of individual die ID list as shown in FIG. 7 .
- Die ID information either in terms of a range or in the format of individual die ID list as shown in FIG. 7 .
- the system allows the user to specify the indexed range for the die IDs (e.g. dies 1 to 480 go into magazine — 1 during material transfer operation).
- “Specify Die ID List” option is selected, as shown in FIG.
- the lower part of the UI will be enabled and the existing list of Die IDs is displayed in the “Available Dies” list.
- the user can select individual Die IDs from the list or select a range from this list box and add it to the “Assigned Dies” list box.
- the Die IDs can be generated automatically by the system based upon certain criteria and/or rules.
- the system can be used to generate the history of a die unit with die data that include die ID in discrete format.
- the system uses the UI illustrated in FIG. 9 to retrieve the history of a die unit by:
- FIG. 9 shows an exemplary Search Die History UI for retrieving Die Trace Information.
- the UI will allow a search for die traceability information by entering a specific die ID and Lot ID to retrieve trace information.
- the Input includes Die ID (to be searched): wafer1_x1_y1, and Lot ID: chip's current lot ID. The user can select a row and right-click to launch the history UI for that object.
- processing or “determining” or the like refer to the actions and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical, electronic quantities within the computer system's memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system's memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
Abstract
Embodiments of the present invention provide a novel method, system and computer program product for tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot to another (and efficiently maintaining correspondence between die data and an individual die during, e.g., a lot transfer process). One or more embodiments of the present invention are intended to improve the mechanism of die-level traceability by assigning individual die IDs to each die unit in, e.g., each lot, and associating a range of die IDs with a corresponding index string. When, for example, some dies are transferred from, e.g., a first lot to a second lot, the entire die information associated with the first lot is copied to the second lot, and a different index string is assigned to the second lot to indicate the actual dies or range of dies that have been transferred. The first lot's index string is then adjusted to indicate the dies remaining after the transfer.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/247,196, now U.S. Pat. No. ______, filed Oct. 12, 2005, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/618,805, filed Oct. 15, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to systems and methods for tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot of a semiconductor assembly and test facility to another.
- In semiconductor chip manufacturing processes, multiple dies (also known as die units) are fabricated on a single wafer. These dies are later separated and packaged into individual chips. The yield of chips from each wafer is not 100% because of defects during the manufacturing process. The number of good die obtained from a wafer determines the yield. Die units are typically transferred from one facility to another, or lot to lot, for various manufacturing and quality control operations.
- In order to keep track of the dies, each die unit on a wafer is assigned a unique identifier (Die ID), and each wafer is assigned to a grouping of wafers such as a lot. Wafers in a lot are sometimes tracked as Materials of the lot. Lot and Material objects in the Manufacturing Execution System (MES) are a representation of the physical items in the factory. The die IDs can be of any format and one convention is to use the coordinate position of the dies on the wafer as an identifier (or part of a die's identifier) where the die IDs can (but do not necessarily) contain information regarding the lot that the IDs are in. Any additional information corresponding to the dies are assigned into Additional Strings, which together with the combined Die IDs constitute the die information of the Lot or other Material. For example, users may want to add information such as product, grade, etc. to each die in the lot. Such information can be carried in the Additional strings. When the corresponding elements of the Die ID are matched with the Additional String, the information of the individual die, i.e. its ID and, say, its product can be obtained.
- When there is a transfer of at least some of the die units from one lot to another, the corresponding die information along with its wafer and lot information needs to be passed to the new lot. This die information is useful in tracing, at the die unit level, an individual die's history in terms of operation undergone, carrier used for its transportation, the lot it belonged to at various times, and other historical information.
- In a conventional assembly operation, die units may be drawn for processing from, for example, a first wafer within a first lot. Alternatively, die units can be drawn from multiple locations. Co-mingling good dies from various locations of a single wafer, from several wafers, and from several wafer lots is what typically occurs during the assembly operation. Unfortunately, whenever die units among multiple wafers and multiple lots are co-mingled, traceability as to a particular die unit is lost. If a die later proves unreliable in the field, it would be beneficial from the viewpoint of the manufacturer to identify the source of the die unit. It would also be desirable to determine how and when the die unit was manufactured. Such indicia could aid the manufacturer in improving the manufacturing process not only after the die units are shipped, but also possibly during tests of the die units before shipment.
- Conventional techniques used to trace die units are primarily limited to manipulating die IDs when die units are transferred from one lot to another. Due to the large amount of information often involved and the complexity of this task, this manipulation can be a slow and burdensome process. It would thus be desirous to avoid the cumbersome process of adjusting the die IDs of both the transferred die units in the receiving object, and adjusting the die IDs of the die units remaining in the source object. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to these, as well as other important ends.
- The present invention provides a novel method, system and computer program product for tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot to another and efficiently maintain correspondence between die data and an individual die during, e.g., a lot transfer process. One or more embodiments of the present invention are intended to improve the mechanism of die-level traceability by assigning individual die IDs to each die unit, e.g., each lot, and associating a range of die IDs with a corresponding index string. The die IDs may include wafer ID, X-coordinate, and Y-coordinate, and can include other die-related information. The die information of a lot or material object comprises the die IDs and Additional Strings. When, for example, some dies are transferred from, e.g., a first lot to a second lot, the entire die information associated with the first lot is copied to the second lot, and a different index string is assigned to the second lot to indicate the actual dies or ranges of dies that have been transferred. The first lot's index string is then adjusted to indicate the dies remaining in the first lot after the transfer. By using the index string, the dies in a particular lot can more efficiently be kept track of without the need to manipulate and/or selectively associate individual die IDs with differing lots (and the dies therein) in the course of, e.g., transferring selected dies from the first lot to the second lot.
- Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which include the operative steps of assigning a first index string to a plurality of die strings that are in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein the plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copying the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, assigning a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and adjusting the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object. More specifically, the die strings include wafer ID and die coordinates, each die coordinates includes an X-coordinate and Y-coordinate, the die strings include wafer ID and a range of number sequence, and the method die strings are generated from a die map of the source object. In one example, the source object is a plurality of wafers and the receiving object is a plurality of lead frames. In another example, the source object is a first plurality of lead frames and the receiving object is a second plurality of magazines.
- In an example of the present invention, the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of assigning a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- In another example of the present invention, the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of assigning a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string.
- In yet another example of the present invention, the method for tracing die units during manufacturing operations further includes the operative steps of storing said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object, wherein the stored index strings and die strings trace the history of the die units, and generating a report comprising die unit trace information.
- In one or more embodiments, the present invention relates to a system for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which includes a processor to assign a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each indice within the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, a tracking mechanism to track at least some die units transferred from the source object to a receiving object, wherein said tracking mechanism copies at least some die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object, assigns a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object and adjusts the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- In one example, the system according to present invention further comprises a die bonder device for generating die strings from a die map of the source object.
- In another example, the system according to present invention further comprises a die history table for storing index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
- In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a system for tracing die units during manufacturing operations, which includes means for assigning a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, means for, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copying the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, means for assigning a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and means for adjusting the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object. More specifically, the die strings include wafer ID and die coordinates, wherein the die strings are generated from a die map of the source object, and wherein the die coordinates include X-coordinate and Y-coordinate. In one example, the die strings include wafer ID and a range of number sequence. In one example of the system according to present invention, the source object is a plurality of wafers and the receiving object is a plurality of lead frames. In another example, the source object is a plurality of lead frames and the receiving object is a plurality of magazines.
- In one example, the system according to present invention further comprises means for assigning a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- In another example, the system according to present invention further comprises means for assigning a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string.
- In yet another example, the system according to present invention further comprises means for storing said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
- An example of the present invention is also directed to a computer program product residing on a computer readable medium, the computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to assign a first index string to a uniquely assigned plurality of die strings in one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of die units, wherein said plurality of die units is associated with a source object, wherein each range of indices encompassed by the first index string identifies one of said plurality of die strings, upon transferring at least some of the die units from the source object to a receiving object, copy the plurality of die strings associated with the plurality of die units from the source object to a receiving object, assign a second index string to the die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object to indicate die units transferred to the receiving object, and adjust the first index string in the source object to indicate die units remaining in the source object.
- In one example, the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to assign a plurality of user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die strings.
- In another example, the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to assign a die picking order in one-to-one correspondence to said plurality of die string. In yet another example, the computer program product according to the present invention further comprises instructions for causing computer to store said index strings and die strings associated with the die units transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
-
FIG. 1 is an embodiment of an exemplary die-level traceability system in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the die-level traceability mechanism of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 shows exemplary die pick patterns for a wafer. -
FIG. 4 shows an example of a wafer's die pick order. -
FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one lot to another lot in a split lot transaction. -
FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one lot to another lot in a merge lot transaction. -
FIG. 7 shows an exemplary graphical user interface (UI) for the present invention that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations. -
FIG. 8 shows another exemplary graphical user interface for the present invention that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations. -
FIG. 9 shows an exemplary graphical user interface for the present invention that is used for retrieving Die Trace Information. - Embodiments of the present invention provide a die-level traceability system, method and product for facilitating tracing die units during manufacturing operations where, e.g., a portion of one lot is transferred to another lot. Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly, to
FIG. 1 , there is shown a die-level traceability system, generally designated 100, for facilitating tracing die units during material transfer from, for example, one factory or lot to another and efficiently maintaining correspondence between die data and an individual die during, e.g., a lot transfer process.System 100 can include one ormore manufacturing system 102, testing, assembly and packaging system 104 (e.g. FLEX™ Test System, Teradyne, Inc., Boston, Mass.),host network 106,user interface 108, application server 110 (e.g. IBM WebSphere® Application Server, IBM Corporation, Armonk, N.Y.), and database 112 (e.g. Oracle, Oracle Corporation, Redwood Shores, Calif.). Testing, assembly andpackaging system 104 can include devices for performing operations related to, for example,wafer testing 104 a (e.g. APT System, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio), dicing 104 b (e.g. Dynatex Wafer Dicing System, Dynatex International, Santa Rosa, Calif.), onewire bonding 104 c (e.g. Kulicke & Soffa, Willow Grove, Pa.),encapsulation 104 d, and test and burn-in 104 e. Any number of different devices and processes are contemplated for use withsystem 100 above, as will readily be recognized by those skilled in the art. - In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the
application server 110 generates unique die IDs for each die unit from a user. Theapplication server 110 assigns the die IDs in one-to-one correspondence to the die units. In another embodiment of the present invention the die IDs are generated by themanufacturing system 102. A die ID can be a free-form string (die string) that is user-defined or externally generated by an application or a tool. The die IDs generated are stored in thedatabase 112. The die IDs for die units in a lot or material can be stored as a concatenated string that is assigned to a lot or material object (WIP objects). In one example, the die information can be assigned to the largest WIP object (e.g., lot rather than material) that is associated with a carrier object. - Regarding the tracing of an individual die and its history as it proceeds through the
manufacturing system 102 and passed amongst different WIP objects, one or more embodiments of the present invention contemplate that theapplication server 110 assigns an index string to the die information from a source WIP object in themanufacturing system 102. This index string is, e.g., a numeric range or ranges representing the actual die units in a given WIP object. Themanufacturing system 102 transmits data related to the transfer operation of die units performed by each device in the testing, assembly andpackaging system 104 toapplication server 110. In one specific example, diebonder tool 104 c can provide information as to which series of dies from a wafer are placed into individual lead frames or magazines.Application server 110 receives this data via thenetwork 106 and assigns another index string to the die information corresponding to the die units transferred to the receiving WIP object. In embodiments of the present invention, all of the die information from the source WIP object is copied to the receiving WIP object. Theapplication server 110 concatenates the index string corresponding to the die units transferred from the source WIP object with the die information in the receiving WIP object and stores the resulting string in thedatabase 112. Further, theapplication server 110 adjusts the index string corresponding to the die units in the source WIP object to indicate the die units remaining in the source WIP object and stores the resulting string in thedatabase 112. In this fashion, thesystem 100 traces a particular die's history as it is passed from one WIP object to another, and allows for transferring dies amongst WIP objects by adjusting the index strings rather than adjusting the typically more voluminous die information. -
FIG. 2 , generally at 200, illustrates an exemplary method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the mechanism of die-level traceability of the present invention. Atstep 202, theapplication server 110 assigns a unique string of individual die IDs to the die units in the lot or material objects. In one embodiment, theapplication server 110 assigns a sequential range of die IDs to the lot or material objects. Die IDs (and by association, die information, generally) assigned to a WIP object by theapplication server 110 can be as a result of input from a die map, for example, from the front-end facilities, or are provided by an individual tool, and are envisioned to be of a form that is uniquely identifiable. In one specific example, thedie bonder tool 104 c can provide die information in the form of coordinates of die units in wafers placed into the individual lead frames or magazines. This die information can include absolute unique coordinates (e.g., <unique wafer ID>_<Xm>_<Yn>, <unique wafer ID>_<Xv>_<Yw). - In one or more alternate (and/or overlapping) embodiments of the present invention, the system supports five additional matching strings of die information that could be appended to the die IDs. In one example, the number of items described in each string matches the number of discrete die IDs in the die ID string. The index string assigned to the die IDs also applies to all additional string appended to the die IDs. These additional strings allow the user to define additional die information without having to append data to the discrete die IDs. In effect, it provides the equivalent of having 5 attribute fields for each die ID. These strings along with the index string forms a set of die data. Die data for a lot or material are stored in a concatenated string of individual die IDs, together with a corresponding index string. The indices indicate the actual dies or range of dies held by the lot or material object.
- In one embodiment of the present invention, the die information includes die maps with picking order data by, e.g., the die-bonder tool when the wafer is not rectangular.
FIG. 3 illustrates exemplary die picking patterns for a wafer. The die pick pattern of the die bonder equipment determines the die ID list passed to the lead frame magazines.FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a wafer's die pick order by the die-bonder tool. This die information including the die maps is used if die information formats are in ranges, implying that the die information assigned to a WIP object does not have discrete die IDs that are directly retrievable from thedatabase 112. In one example, the pick pattern information is stored by product type and in another (or overlapping) example the pick pattern information is stored by wafer size. - One or more embodiments of the present invention includes a die picking order table (and use thereof) that stores die coordinate patterns of wafer of a product type. In one example, the die picking order table could be used as a lookup table between a wafer coordinate range and a sequence number range. In one example, the lookup table facilitates the lookup of actual coordinates if the die range information is provided as a numbered range. Table 1 shows an example of a die pick order for the wafer shown in
FIG. 4 . Whenever this table is used as a lookup, the system strips off the part of the die ID string based on known naming convention. In one example, while searching for “wafer23415_x24_y2”, the system will use the “x24_y2” portion of the die ID. For example, if the die bonder equipment indicates the transfer ofdie units 1 through 480 from wafer “WaferXYZ” to a lead frame magazine “Magazine101”, the system retrieves the appropriate pick pattern based on the wafer's product type. Forrange 1 through 480, the system can generate individual die IDs by concatenating the waferID with the coordinates of each sequence (e.g. “WaferXYZ_x21_y1” for 1st die, “WaferXYZ_x22_y1” for 2nd die, and so forth). The die data for “Magazine101” is then “WaferXYZ_x21_y1, WaferXYZ_x22_y1, . . . , WaferXYZ_xn_ym” and the index string is “1:480”.TABLE 1 Die Pick Pattern Table Die Map Name Sequence # Die Coordinate Value Product_A_wafer_pattern 1 x21_y1 (first row -top left - die #1) Product_A_wafer_pattern 2 x22_y1 Product_A_wafer_pattern 3 x23_y1 Product_A_wafer_pattern 4 x24_y1 . . . . . . . . . Product_A_wafer_pattern 37 x57_y1 (end first row - die # 37) Product_A_wafer_pattern 38 x20_y2 (start 2nd row - die # 38) Product_A_wafer_pattern 39 x21_y2 Product_A_wafer_pattern 40 x22_y2 Product_A_wafer_pattern 41 X23_y2 . . . . . . . . . - In one example, the sequence number for each coordinate in Table 1 could be used to identify individual die IDs after a split transaction. As shown in Table 1, the system can store die information in three parts: the raw coordinate range data, a sequence number range data, and the die map name. In one example, the die information includes die string (e.g., wafer1_x1_y1:wafer_x3_y42), range data (e.g., 1:480), and die map name (e.g., ProductA_wafer pattern).
- Still referring to
FIG. 2 , atstep 204, theapplication server 110 assigns an index string to the die units in the WIP object. In one embodiment of the present invention, the index string represents the range of die units in the WIP object. Atdecision step 206, the system determines whether there is a physical transfer of die units from one WIP object to another. Exemplary operations wherein die units are transferred from one WIP object to another include recording losses, lot split and merge, material transfer, material regrouping within the same lot, remove material from a lot, terminal lot, adjust lot, and the like. If there is a physical transfer of die units from one WIP object to another, then, atstep 208, the system copies the die information to a receiving WIP object. - In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the physical transfer of die units occurs during the operation that includes a split lot transaction. In another embodiment of the present invention, the physical transfer of die units occurs during the operation that includes a lot merge operation. In one embodiment of the present invention regarding a split lot transaction, the system, at
step 208, will copy the entire parent lot die information to the child lot. In one embodiment of the present invention regarding a merge operation, the system will merge the die information of all merging lots into the target lot. The following example illustrates the split lot transaction:Parent lot's die data before split: “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456-1.1_x1_y48,....., lot34456-1.2_x1_y1” Range data (index string)= 1:5000 User specifies the range of dies transferred to child lots: Child lot # 1 receives:Die ID string= “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456- 1.1_x1_y48,..... lot34456-1.2_x1_y1” unchanged Range data= 1:2500 valid range of dies in the index string Child lot # 2 receives:Die ID string= “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456- 1.1_x1_y48,..... lot34456-1.2_x1_y1” unchanged Range data= 2501:5000 valid range of dies in the index string Parent lot's die data after split: “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456-1.1_x1_y48,....., lot34456-1.2_x1_y1” unchanged Range data= 0:0 valid range of dies in the string is adjusted to zero
Thus, all die ID strings remain the same, and only the index string is changed (as detailed below). - Referring back to
FIG. 2 , atstep 210, the system will assign another index string to the die units transferred to the receiving WIP object. In one embodiment of the present invention, the index string will indicate the die units transferred from the source WIP object to the receiving WIP object. Atstep 212, the system will adjust the index string assigned to the die units remaining in the source WIP object. In one embodiment, the index string is adjusted to indicate the die units remaining in the source WIP object after the transfer.FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate exemplary die data in lots before and after the transfer of die units from one WIP object to another (e.g., lot split transaction from LOT1 to LOT2; lot merge transaction betweenLOT 3 and LOTS 4). - In one or more embodiments of the present invention (and/or environments thereof), the physical transfer of die units occurs during operations that includes moving a lot containing wafer cassettes in the
manufacturing system 102 throughdie bonder 104 c andwire bonder 104 d, placing dies on lead frames, and placing the lead frame in lead frame magazines. In one example, a material is created to represent one magazine of lead frames. The magazine's die IDs can be assigned to that material. In one example, die information includes:Die ID string: <user-defined free-format die ID string> AdditionalString1: <user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString2: <user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString3: <user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString4: <user-defined free-format additional die information string> AdditionalString5: <user-defined free-format additional die information string> Range data: <range data with respect to the die ID string> Die map name: [optional] <Die map name> die picking order - For example:
For discrete die IDs Die ID string = “lot34456-1.1_x34_y47, lot34456-1.1_x35_y47, lot34456- 1.1_x1_y48,....., lot34456-1.2_x1_y1” AdditionalString1: “leadframe1,leadframe1,.........., leadframe40” AdditionalString2: “location-1,location-1,..............., location-3” AdditionalString3: “wafer-4, wafer-4,...................., wafer-5” AdditionalString4: AdditionalString5: Range data= 1:480 Die map name: For range coordinate: Die ID string: “wafer1_x1_y1:wafer1_x3_y42” AdditionalString1: “leadframe1,leadframe1,.........., leadframe40” AdditionalString2: “location-1,location-1,..............., location-3” AdditionalString3: “wafer-4, wafer-4,...................., wafer-5” AdditionalString4: AdditionalString5: Range data: 1:480 Die map name: “ProductA_wafer_pattern” die picking order - These Die ID data will be assigned to lot or material objects.
- In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the changes due to the transfer of die units from one WIP object to another, is recorded in the die history table. In another embodiment, the trail of WIP objects carrying die units including the WIP objects' history facilitates the system to trace the history of die units.
-
FIG. 7 shows an exemplary Specify Die Information UI that is used for specifying die IDs for Lot or Material Operations. During certain lot or material operations such as Record Losses, Split Lot and Transfer Material, if the selected lot or material has die IDs assigned, the system will provide a user interface to specify Die ID information, either in terms of a range or in the format of individual die ID list as shown inFIG. 7 . In one example, when “Specify Die Range” option is selected, as shown inFIG. 7 , the system allows the user to specify the indexed range for the die IDs (e.g. dies 1 to 480 go intomagazine —1 during material transfer operation). In another example, when “Specify Die ID List” option is selected, as shown inFIG. 8 , the lower part of the UI will be enabled and the existing list of Die IDs is displayed in the “Available Dies” list. In another example, the user can select individual Die IDs from the list or select a range from this list box and add it to the “Assigned Dies” list box. Also, as indicated previously, the Die IDs can be generated automatically by the system based upon certain criteria and/or rules. - In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the system can be used to generate the history of a die unit with die data that include die ID in discrete format. In one example, the system uses the UI illustrated in
FIG. 9 to retrieve the history of a die unit by: -
- 1. launching the Search Die History UI and providing the die ID and Lot ID (if available);
- 2. searching the die history table for the die ID by:
- a) For available LotID, retrieving the die ID string based on the target Lot object; determining the index position of the specific die unit in the die ID string; using the die ID string as the search criteria to retrieve all WIP objects that includes the die ID string; and for each WIP object retrieved, verifying if WIP object's index range includes the index of the die unit.
- b) For unavailable LotID, scanning for all WIP objects and checking their die ID strings for a match to the die ID; determining the index position of the specific die in the die ID string; using the die ID string as the search criteria to retrieve all WIP objects that includes the die ID string; and for each WIP object retrieved, verifying if WIP object's index range includes the index of the die unit.
- 3. displaying the history of specific WIP objects from the list containing the history of the WIP object to show the carriers and equipment that were associated with the object.
-
FIG. 9 shows an exemplary Search Die History UI for retrieving Die Trace Information. The UI will allow a search for die traceability information by entering a specific die ID and Lot ID to retrieve trace information. The Input includes Die ID (to be searched): wafer1_x1_y1, and Lot ID: chip's current lot ID. The user can select a row and right-click to launch the history UI for that object. - Parts of the present invention and corresponding detailed description are presented in terms of software, computer programs, or algorithms. Software includes symbolic representations of operations or steps stored in the form of data bits within a computer memory. An algorithm is a sequence of steps leading to a desired result(s). The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of optical, electrical, or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. Unless specifically stated otherwise, or as is apparent from the discussion, terms such as “processing” or “determining” or the like refer to the actions and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical, electronic quantities within the computer system's memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system's memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
- Although the above detailed description has shown, described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to the various embodiments discussed above, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive.
Claims (24)
1. A method for maintaining die information during manufacturing operations, comprising:
storing, in a database, one or more die strings identifying one or more die units, wherein the die units are at least one of a first set of die units associated with a source object, a second set of die units which have transferred from the source object to a receiving object, and a third set of die units which are die units remaining at the source object after the second set of die units have transferred from the source object to the receiving object;
storing, in the database, an assignment of a first index string to one or more die strings identifying the first set of die units associated with the source object;
storing, in the database, an assignment of a second index string to one or more die strings identifying the second set of die units which have transferred from the source object to the receiving object;
storing, in the database, a third index string reflecting one or more die strings identifying the third set of die units, wherein the third set of die units are the die units remaining at the source object after the transfer of the second set of die units from the source object to the receiving object; and
storing, in the database, an association of the third index string to the die strings identifying the third set of die units remaining at the source object.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more die strings identifying the first set of die units, the second set of die units, and the third set of die units are indexed by die coordinates or by a sequence number range.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the index strings include one or more ranges to identify one or more die strings identifying one or more die units, wherein the die units are at least one of the first set of die units associated with the source object, the second set of die units which have transferred from the source object to the receiving object, and the third set of die units which are the die units remaining at the source object after the second set of die units have transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising storing, in the database, an assignment of one or more user-defined strings in one-to-one correspondence to the one or more die strings identifying the first set of die units, the second set of die units, and the third set of die units.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising storing, in the database, one or more die coordinate patterns of a wafer of a product type, wherein the database includes a die picking order table to store the one or more die coordinate patterns of the wafer of the product type, wherein the die picking order table is assigned in one-to-one correspondence to one or more die strings identifying the second set of die units and the third set of die units.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the database includes a die history table to store the first index string identifying the first set of die units, the second index string identifying the second set of die units, the third index string identifying the third set of die units, and the die strings associated with the second set of die units and the third set of die units.
7. The method of claim 6 further comprising:
searching the die history table for die strings that match at least one die unit identified by the user for which a die history is to be retrieved, wherein the user identifies the die unit by at least a die ID;
retrieving the source objects and receiving objects which include the die strings that match the die ID; and
creating the die history of the identified die unit, including the retrieved source objects and receiving objects.
8. The method of claim 7 further comprising generating a report comprising the die history of the identified die unit.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
storing, in the database, object information related to the transfer operation of die units from the source object to the receiving object, wherein the object information includes an object type, an object activity, date, time, and user name; and
storing, in the database, a history of one or more of source objects and receiving objects.
10. A system for storing die information for die units during manufacturing operations comprising:
a manufacturing system tool to generate one or more die strings; and
a database coupled to the manufacturing system tool to store a plurality of index strings and the one or more die strings generated by the manufacturing system tool, wherein the one or more die strings are associated with one or more die units wherein the die units are at least one of a first set of die units associated with a source object, a second set of die units which have transferred from the source object to a receiving object, and a third set of die units which are die units remaining at the source object after the second set of die units have transferred from the source object to the receiving object.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein the database includes a die history table to store the index strings and die strings associated with the second set of die units and the third set of die units.
12. The system of claim 10 wherein the database includes a die picking order table to store one or more die coordinate patterns of a wafer of a product type, wherein the die picking order table is assigned in one-to-one correspondence to one or more die strings.
13. The system of claim 10 wherein the manufacturing system tool is a die-bonder tool.
14. A computer-implemented method comprising:
providing a user interface facilitating user input identifying one or more die units, wherein the user interface allows the user to input at least a die ID;
receiving, via the user interface, a user request for a die history of the identified one or more die units; and
displaying, in the user interface, one or more of source objects and receiving objects associated with the identified one or more die units.
15. The method of claim 14 further comprising displaying object information related to the transfer operation of one or more die units from the source object to the receiving object, wherein the object information includes an object type, an object activity, date, time, and user name.
16. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
providing a second user interface enabling a user to display a history of one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects;
receiving, via the second user interface, a user request for the history of the identified one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects; and
displaying the history of the identified one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects.
17. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
providing a third user interface facilitating user input identifying one or more die units to assign to a receiving object, wherein the third user interface allows the user to input an index range or allows the user to select at least one die unit from a die ID list; and
receiving, via the third user interface, a user request to assign the one or more die units to the receiving object.
18. A system comprising:
a user interface to facilitate user input identifying one or more die units, wherein the user interface allows the user to input at least a die ID, wherein the user interface receives a user request for a die history of the identified one or more die units; and
an application server coupled to the user interface to provide the die history of the identified one or more die units based on the user input received by the user interface, wherein the user interface is to receive the die history from the application server and to display the die history for the identified one or more die units.
19. The system of claim 18 further comprising a second user interface to enable a user to display a history of one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects, wherein the application server is coupled to the second user interface to provide the history of one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects, wherein the second user interface is to receive the history of the one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects from the application server.
20. The system of claim 18 further comprising a third user interface to facilitate user input identifying one or more die units to assign to a receiving object, wherein the third user interface allows the user to input an index range or allows the user to select the one or more die units from a die ID list, wherein the application server is coupled to the third user interface to assign the identified one or more die units to the receiving object.
21. A computer readable medium comprising executable instructions which when executed on a processing system cause said processing system to perform a method comprising:
providing a user interface facilitating user input identifying one or more die units, wherein the user interface allows the user to input at least a die ID;
receiving, via the user interface, a user request for a die history of the identified one or more die units; and
displaying, in the user interface, one or more of source objects and receiving objects associated with the identified one or more die units.
22. The computer readable medium of claim 21 wherein the method further comprising displaying object information related to the transfer operation of one or more die units from the source object to the receiving object, wherein the object information includes an object type, an object activity, date, time, and user name.
23. The computer readable medium of claim 21 wherein the method further comprising:
providing a second user interface enabling a user to display a history of one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects;
receiving, via the second user interface, a user request for the history of the identified one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects; and
displaying the history of the identified one or more of the source objects and the receiving objects.
24. The computer readable medium of claim 21 wherein the method further comprising:
providing a third user interface facilitating user input identifying one or more die units to assign to a receiving object, wherein the third user interface allows the user to input an index range or allows the user to select at least one die unit from a die ID list; and
receiving, via the third user interface, a user request to assign the one or more die units to the receiving object.
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US7343214B2 (en) | 2008-03-11 |
KR20070085369A (en) | 2007-08-27 |
TW200629026A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
EP1810326A1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
CN101040290A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
JP2008517465A (en) | 2008-05-22 |
US20060085089A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
WO2006044399A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
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