KR101197703B1 - Method of heating materials in order to produce objects and device for implementing said method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device which are used to heat materials in order to produce objects industrially, especially by mass production, and which allow a large variety of transformation methods.

Description

METHOD OF HEATING MATERIALS IN ORDER TO PRODUCE OBJECTS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD}

The present invention relates to a method for heating a material for manufacturing an article and an apparatus using the method.

Commercially, in particular, industrial goods by mass production are widely used in all areas of economic activity, such as the automotive industry, aerospace, aerospace, acoustics, furniture, water, construction and public affairs, medical and luggage or toys. Increasing importance in the area of

In general, semi-industrial activities or services that specialize in specific activities use goods that are mass-produced at appropriately limited prices.

The manufacture of such an article may involve, for example, molding, molding, molding through casting, local strengthening, inserting, assembling, welding, cutting, shielding or coating, decorating, decorating, or otherwise varying in their characteristics. have.

Consequently, the preparations may be reinforced and / or sandwiched and / or honeycombed with thermoplastic compositions, thermosets, cellular compositions, elastomers and / or vulcanizing compositions, for example (glass, carbon, natural, etc.) fibers. Consideration should be given to various materials such as glass or light alloys having.

In order to limit the investment and mass production cost of the production of the product, the use of a manufacturing method of heating the material for molding or non-molding using electromagnetic induction is suitable.

According to this method, the molding apparatus 100 (FIG. 1) includes an inductor 102, and the inductor is a conductor member such as a metal positioned around the inductor so as to transfer current to generate a magnetic field (not shown). Transmit a Foucault current.

The Foucault current raises the temperature of the conductor member 104 and transfers heat to the material 106 to be molded, which is located on the surface 105 by conduction.

Heat transfer, ie conduction, indicated by arrow 103 in FIG. 1, may mold the material 106 to a desired temperature.

As shown in Fig. 1, the prior art has many problems.

In practice, such a method requires heating of the entire conductor member 104, and even a surface rise of only 105 in contact with the material 106 to be molded requires a temperature rise.

That is, the amount of energy must be provided to raise the temperature of the material 106 according to the female and / or water shape of the object to be manufactured.

In order to solve at least one of these problems, the present invention relates to a heating method for heating a material to manufacture a product while limiting the investment and manufacturing operating costs industrially, in particular by mass production, and carrying out a wide variety of conversion methods. The heating method is

The method comprises the steps of generating a magnetic field by means of an inductor through which a current of an appropriate intensity and frequency flows,

Providing an electromagnetic field to a portion of at least one intermediate element located between the inductor and the material to be heated and including an inner surface and an outer surface,

A heating zone positioned to be in contact with each other with the material to be heated, the inductor and the component being configured to circulate currents induced by the electromagnetic field at the surfaces of at least one so-called heating zone of the inner and outer surfaces, ,

Part of each of the elements includes a heating zone made by a material having a magnetic permeability and / or electrical resistance different from the rest of the element.

By the method according to the invention, the temperature rise required in the manufacture of the article can be limited only to the surface of the element which serves to support the material to be heated, whereby the heating method consumes energy compared to the method according to the prior art. Is low. It is also contemplated to use mediators formed by a single material.

In addition, the temperature rise of the intermediary element surface is not entirely related to the thermal diffusion of the intermediary element, thereby increasing reproduction and reliability of the present invention.

In addition, such a method can obtain a current circulation which improves the uniformity of the heating of the entire surface of the element, so as to generate the same heating of the material in contact with the element, and to limit the internal stress of the material. This is a benefit.

The invention has the advantage that different temperatures can be obtained at the surface of each element by combining sub-elements of uniform temperature and of different properties (so-called electrical resistivity, permeability, and low thermal diffusivity).

Heated materials in the present invention have another advantage of greatly reducing the duration of the temperature (heating / cooling) cycle since they are limited in thickness, which allows heating of many materials at a given time.

According to another advantage of the present invention, the same structure of the inductor can be used regardless of the shape of the material to be heated. That is, the same equipment can be used to heat materials of different shapes, which can be easily used while reducing the heating operation costs, respectively, since no preliminary test is required to determine the optimum structure of the inductor.

In one embodiment, the method includes providing an electrical insulator to the element to induce a current in the element by electromagnetic field circulation of external and internal surfaces.

According to one embodiment, the insulation allows the element to be separated into two sub-elements, at least one of the sub-elements comprising a heating zone formed in a portion of the element having permeability and / or electrical resistivity.

In one embodiment, the element comprises two sub-elements moving relative to each other.

According to one variant, the method is positioned so as to be in contact with a material to be heated, inductor and the media such that a current is induced in the parameter by electromagnetic field circulation on the surface of a so-called heating zone, which is at least one of the outer and inner surfaces. The first phase during the formation of the element and the two sub-elements are brought into contact with the enclosed adjacent space, injecting the material to be heated in the space, and inducing current in the element by electromagnetic field circulation of the outer surface. The inductor and the intermediate element are formed so as to be divided into a second phase during the continuous heating of the heating region by conduction.

According to one embodiment, the inductor consists of a plug-in portion surrounding the element.

In one embodiment, a portion of each element having different permeability and / or other electrical resistivity from the rest of the element is magnetic, for example nickel, chromium and / or titanium, having a Curie temperature close to the temperature of the material to be heated. Compound.

According to one embodiment, the parameter comprises a material having a low temperature rise by the effect of Foucault current.

In one embodiment, the heated material and the heating zone are in contact. The heating zone may be coated with an insulating material layer.

As a variant, it is realized by adjoining the heated material to an interface of the material to be heated and the heating zone which is the heat radiation zone.

The present invention also relates to a heating apparatus for heating materials for manufacturing an article industrially, in particular by limiting investment and manufacturing operating costs by mass production, and carrying out a wide variety of conversion methods.

A generator for providing a current of a suitable intensity and frequency to the inductor and generating an electromagnetic field; And

A means including an inner surface and an outer surface, positioned between the inductor and the material to be heated and providing an electromagnetic field to a portion of at least one parameter,

A heating region positioned so as to be bounded by the material to be heated, wherein the inductor and the component are formed such that a current is induced in the component by an electromagnetic field circulated on the surfaces of the at least one heating region of the outer and inner surfaces,

Part of each of the elements comprises a heating zone by a material having a permeability and / or electrical resistivity different from the remainder of the element.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises an insulating material in the medium such that the current is induced by electromagnetic field circulation of at least one surface of the outer and inner surfaces.

According to the embodiment, the insulating material divides the inner element into two sub-elements, and at least one of the sub-elements has a heating area formed in a part of the element having a predetermined permeability and / or a predetermined electrical resistivity. Include.

In one embodiment, the element comprises two subelements that move relative to each other.

According to one embodiment, the inductor has a plug-in surrounding the element.

In one embodiment, some of each of the elements having a permeability and / or resistance different from the rest of the elements has a Curie temperature and includes, for example, nickel, chromium and / or titanium.

According to one embodiment, the element comprises a material in which the temperature hardly rises under the influence of a Foucault current.

In one embodiment, the interface between the material to be heated and the heating zone is by contact. The heating zone is coated by an insulating material layer.

In one variant, the transfer of the material to be heated and the heating zone, which is the radial surface, is achieved by heating the material adjacently.

The present invention also relates to a heating mold which industrially, in particular by mass production, limits the investment and manufacturing operating costs and heats the material to produce the article while carrying out a wide variety of conversion methods, the heating mold

A generator for providing a current of a suitable intensity and frequency to the inductor and generating an electromagnetic field; And

Means for including an inner surface and an outer surface, and positioned between the inductor and the material to be heated and for providing an electromagnetic field to at least a portion of at least one parameter,

A heating region positioned so as to be bounded by the material to be heated, wherein the inductor and the component are formed such that a current is induced in the component by an electromagnetic field circulated on the surfaces of the at least one heating region of the outer and inner surfaces,

Part of each of the elements comprises a heating zone by a material having a permeability and / or electrical resistivity different from the remainder of the element.

In one embodiment, the heating mold further includes an insulating material in the media element such that current is induced by electromagnetic field circulation of at least one surface of the outer surface and the inner surface.

According to the embodiment, the insulating material divides the inner element into two sub-elements, and at least one of the sub-elements has a heating area formed in a part of the element having a predetermined permeability and / or a predetermined electrical resistivity. Include.

In one embodiment, the element comprises two subelements that move relative to each other.

According to one embodiment, the inductor has a plug-in surrounding the element.

In one embodiment, some of each of the elements having a permeability and / or resistance different from the rest of the elements has a Curie temperature and includes, for example, nickel, chromium and / or titanium.

According to one embodiment, the parameter comprises a material in which the temperature is hardly raised under the influence of the Foucault current.

In one embodiment, the interface between the material to be heated and the heating zone is by contact. The heating zone is coated by an insulating material layer.

In one variant, the transfer of the heating zone, which is the material to be heated and the heat radiation surface, is achieved by heating the material adjacently.

The invention comprises a part of an element used in a device according to the embodiment or a method by one of the molds according to the embodiment, the part having a permeability and / or electrical resistance different from the rest of the element. Contains the material.

After all, the invention is industrially, in particular by mass production, which can be obtained by one of the heating methods of limiting the investment and manufacturing operating costs, and heating the material to produce the articles while carrying out a wide variety of conversion methods, A device according to one of the embodiments and / or a molding means according to one of the embodiments can be obtained.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments of the present invention with reference to the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

1 is an explanatory view showing a method of heating a material according to the prior art.

2A and 2B are perspective views showing the present invention.

3A and 3B are explanatory views showing apparatuses according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

3C and 3D are detailed views of the second embodiment.

4A and 4B are schematic perspective and exploded perspective views of a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams showing two states of predetermined application according to the present invention;

FIG. 2A shows an intermediate element 200 made of a metal-like conductor and surrounded by an inductor 202 through which an electric current ig flows, where an electric current ig will generate a Foucault current in the element 200. Can be.

The Foucault current 203 flows into the outer surface 204 or the inner surface 206 of the intermediate element 200 as a function of injecting the inductor into the intermediate element.

Thus, when the inductor is located inside and outside the element, the Foucault current circulates through the inside and outside surfaces of the element, respectively.

The embodiment shows that the current 203 flows to the outer surface 204 of the intermediate element 200.

According to the main aspect of the present invention, the material is placed on the surface of the intermediate element 200 through which the Foucault current 203 flows, and the material is in direct contact with a part of the intermediate element, and the temperature rise of the intermediate element is mainly a resistance phenomenon. Causing direct heating of the surface of the material.

This heating method can be controlled by determining the necessary characteristics (voltage, strength) of the Foucault current 203 due to the magnetic field generated by the inductor having the predetermined characteristic and the predetermined frequency, and the current is applied to the surface of the element. Determination of the thickness to circulate is possible.

According to another principal aspect of the present invention, when the gap 207 (shown in FIG. 2B) is located in the element 207, the Foucault current 203 is in the form of a closed circuit, inside and outside of the element. Flow along the side

The gap 207 allows the material to be heated at each surface of the media as described above.

According to a first embodiment of the invention (shown in FIG. 3A), the mold 310 is designed such that the material to be heated is located on the outer surfaces 304, 305 of the intermediate element 300.

The inductor 302 generates a magnetic field that induces a Foucault current, indicated by an arrow. For example, as shown in the figure, the inductor is inherent in the element. Such a variant has the advantage of allowing a quick positioning of the material to be heated at the outer surfaces 304 and 305.

Suitable inductors for the intermediate element 300 are not shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D and are described in detail below.

In an embodiment of the invention, the gap 307 is formed by an electrical insulator, such as a ceramic, thermoplastic or thermoset compound, to prevent the possibility of electrical discharge.

The surface 305 of the heating portion 311 in contact with the material 314 to be heated has a magnetic portion 308 having a Curie temperature limited by the Curie temperature and serves to heat the material. To be selected. The magnetic part having a Curie temperature can replace all or part of the elements.

That is, by using a material having a Curie temperature, the surface temperature of the magnetic portion 308 is maintained at a predetermined temperature which is distinct from the temperature of the remaining portion of the surface 305, so that the power supplied automatically is adjusted.

In addition, the portion 312 of the mold to be in contact with the material to be heated is composed of a self-alloy, for example aluminum or stainless steel grades 304 and 304L, in which the temperature does not rise despite the presence of Foucault currents. It is possible to certainly limit the temperature rise of (312).

As mentioned above through the advantages of the present invention, the device or system according to the invention can heat the contact surface of the material in a much shorter time than the time required by the method according to the prior art.

According to a specific embodiment, the temperature of 250 ° C. can be reached within a few seconds, whereas with the method according to the prior art, the corresponding time takes longer, which means that no energy is supplied to the mold / mediator. Because it does not.

As shown in Fig. 3b, according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating surface corresponding to the surface 306 is, for example, capable of supplying a strong mechanical pressure to the material 314 to be heated. 350 is located inside. The inductor 302 may generate a Foucault current of each element.

As shown in Fig. 3c, an embodiment using two intermediary sub elements 300 'arranged opposite to each other has the advantage of using a heating material to limit the gap of each intermediary sub element. In addition to the inner surface 306 of each intermediary sub element 300 ', the material to be heated is shown in detail.

In this case, as shown in the modification of Fig. 3D, the thickness of the material to be heated limits the thickness of the gap, while the thickness of the gap is determined by the stopper 316 passing through the magnetic field to produce a predetermined thickness. It is possible.

As the material to be molded is brought into contact with each other on two surfaces of a tool, the so-called molding or heating zone, a circulation of current occurs in both molding surfaces. When converted to a conductive synthetic material (eg copper fiber based), the material allows for a short cycle between the two current cycles, thus causing local breakdown of the material.

In order to prevent such a shape, it is preferable that an electrical insulation layer is provided on at least one of the two molding regions. The composition of the layer can be used in a variety of materials, such as teflon (teflon) type material, polyaryl ether ketone (PEEK), amorphous carbon, glass fiber. The main characteristics of the layer

The temperature resistance is at least equal to the deformation temperature of the material to be molded,

The mechanical strength is at least equal to the deformation pressure of the material to be molded,

Electrical insulation,

Fine layers (small micrometers),

-Industrial deposition method compatible with alloy forming molding area

Figure 4a is a perspective view showing a mold according to a second embodiment based on Figure 3b, Figure 4b is an exploded perspective view of the mold 400.

4A shows a basic design in which the inductor 402 surrounds a frame 404 where a portion 406 of the mold to be contacted with a material to be heated (not shown) is located.

An exploded perspective view of the mold 400 shown in FIG. 4B shows that the inductor 402 and the pressure member 408 are removable, and the material to be heated can be at high pressure while the inductor is held.

The present invention can be provided for various applications, two of which are described below.

The electromagnetic principle according to the invention can be used to heat a material which is conducted by heat radiation. The electromagnetic principle is the same, but the circulation of the Foucault current is for raising the temperature of the graphite element. As it becomes hot (up to 1,000 ° C.), the graphite element heats the composition located in the space between the graphite elements by heat dissipation without contact.

The method can be replaced by conventional methods, for example, a method of manufacturing tubes and tanks by winding the coil in a rotary coil, a method of manufacturing a windshield by pressurizing a convex mold, or a typical infrared heating method such as preheating of a material before conversion. Can be.

The principle according to the invention can be used to heat a tool in a volume. However, when injecting thermoplastic or thermoset plastic, the tool is pressurized to be closed. The heating is preferably carried out in two phases.

In the first phase, as shown in Fig. 5A, through the formation of a gap 517 that can be formed by wedge means or wedges 518 penetrating the field in the surface heating of the tool formed by the method described in the present invention. do. The gap can then circulate current through each molding surface 505, 506 of the two parts of the tool. In order to enhance the heating effect, a high frequency current is used. The heating is carried out under vacuum for a very short time from several seconds to several tens of seconds. The molding region 511 is made of a magnetic material, while the remainder of the intermediary element is made of a non-magnetic material as the outside and is located beyond the inductor 502 that permeates the insulating material, the outside being mechanical for high injection pressures. To strengthen the role.

In the second phase, as shown in Fig. 5B, the volume heating or the volume heating of the tool is performed while closing the gap. The tool is closed during the injection of material 514. The current can only circulate through the surface 504 of the tool. In order to maintain the heating effect initiated during the first phase, low frequency current circulation can be applied to enhance the surface thickness effect and heat the core of the tool.

The principle is embodied by being supplied by the same generator, for example having two inductors which are separated from each other and carrying either a high frequency current or a low frequency current.

Claims (33)

As a manufacturing method for manufacturing a product made of a material, Generate a magnetic field by an inductor through which current of the determined intensity and frequency flows; An electromagnetic field provided to two elements made of a conductive material and disposed opposite each other to form a mold, the two elements being surrounded by the inductor, at least one of the two elements forming a heating zone, the material And a surface in contact with the; An insulating material or gap is disposed between the two elements to circulate currents induced by the electromagnetic field from each of the two elements to the closed circuit; Separating the two elements after heating the material; To remove the material Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, A portion of the heating zone has a permeability or electrical resistance different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of the remainder of the element with the heating zone. Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, The two elements move relative to each other Manufacturing method. The method of claim 3, The above- The first phase to form an inductor and the two elements to circulate the current induced in the two elements by the electromagnetic field on the surface of the heating zone, and the two elements to seal and close the space in which the material is injected After contact, it is divided into a second phase in which electrical insulation is inhibited by closing the gap between the two elements. Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, The inductor is A removable plug-in part surrounding the two elements; Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, At least one portion of the two elements is provided with a magnetic permeability or electrical resistivity that is different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of at least one remaining portion of the two elements, the portion consisting of a magnetic compound having a Curie temperature Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, At least one portion of the two elements forming the heating zone is provided with a permeability or electrical resistivity that is different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of the at least one residue of the two elements, and the material forming the remainder may be formed of a Foucault current. Temperature does not rise under the influence Manufacturing method. delete The method of claim 1, The heating zone is coated with a layer of insulating material Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, The heating zone is a heat radiation zone, and the interface between the heating zone and the material to be heated is formed by bringing the material to be heated adjacent to the heating zone. Manufacturing method. A heating apparatus for heating a material for manufacturing an industrial product, A generator for providing a current of a predetermined intensity and frequency to the inductor and generating an electromagnetic field; A mold comprising two elements made of a conductive material and disposed opposite each other and surrounded by an inductor, the at least one element comprising a face for forming a heating zone for heating a material positioned between the two elements; Supply means for supplying the electromagnetic field to at least a portion of at least one of the two elements; And Insulator or gap disposed between the two elements such that the current induced by the electromagnetic field circulates in the closed circuit at the surface of each of the two elements and the heating zone Heating device comprising a. 12. The method of claim 11, A portion of the heating zone has a permeability or electrical resistance different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of the remainder of the element with the heating zone. Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, The two elements move relative to each other Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, The inductor is A removable plug-in part surrounding the two elements; Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, At least one portion of the two elements is provided with a magnetic permeability or electrical resistivity that is different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of at least one remaining portion of the two elements, the portion consisting of a magnetic compound having a Curie temperature Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, At least one portion of the two elements forming the heating zone is provided with a permeability or electrical resistivity that is different from the permeability or electrical resistivity of the at least one remaining portion of the two elements, and the material forming the remaining portion is formed of a Foucault current. Temperature does not rise under the influence Heating device. delete 12. The method of claim 11, The heating zone is coated with a layer of insulating material Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, The heating zone is a heat radiation zone, and the interface between the heating zone and the material to be heated is formed by bringing the material to be heated adjacent to the heating zone. Heating device. 12. The method of claim 11, At least a part of at least one of the two elements consists of a material having a permeability or electrical resistance different from the remainder of the at least one element Heating device. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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