JPH02195495A - Fire alarm device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain fire decision more accurate than an ordinary method by defining a function and a processing rule to be executed by using the function in each information relating to a fire phenomenon which is obtained by an information acquiring means and finding out the centroid of the obtained function value. CONSTITUTION:One or more prescribed processing rules are defined to each of fire sensors DE1 to DEN and stored in respective sensor areas in a storage area ROM 15 as rules (i) to (vii). When the rules i, iii, vii are used for the sensor DE1, the rules i, iii, vii are stored in the DE1 area of the ROM 15. A program in ROM 11 finds out the output information F1X, F3Z, F7 of each rule by using the definition functions stored in a storage area ROM 14 based on these rules and finds out the centroid by means of the shown equation I. Thus, the average value F of the obtained definition function expresses the required fire information, i.e. fire possibility.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is based on detection information regarding the physical nature of fire phenomena such as smoke, heat, gas, etc. and/or environmental information such as room size, number of people, ambient temperature, etc. The present invention relates to a fire alarm device for obtaining at least one fire information such as fire probability and risk level.

[Prior Art and Problems] There are various methods for detecting fire. For example, if we consider the simplest method of determining a fire based on the sensor level, that is, the detection information of a fire detector,
A fire signal is output when the level exceeds a predetermined level. In this case, the fire signal output from the fire detector is uniquely determined by whether or not it exceeds a predetermined level, and it cannot be said that it takes various environmental conditions into full consideration. Although it has been considered to collect environmental information in addition to the detection information from fire detectors and make a comprehensive fire judgment based on this detection information and environmental information, it is difficult to collect ambiguous environmental information. However, it has not yet been possible to obtain a fire signal that is sufficiently reliable by taking these factors into account, and from the perspective of human senses, it is often not possible to conclude that there is a fire even if the fire signal is on.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to process collected information, including environmental information, in a more reliable manner than has been done in the past. The aim is to make accurate fire judgments.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in a fire alarm device for obtaining fire information based on various information related to fire phenomena, there is a method for obtaining various collected information related to fire phenomena and processed information from the collected information. information acquisition means (step 30
5.306.310.312), a function for the fire information is defined for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means, and at least one rule for processing to be performed using the function is defined. Definition means (RO
M14, ROM 15), and processes the information obtained by the information acquisition means based on the rules of each process and the corresponding functions used in the rules of each process, and processes the information for each rule of each process. a processing means for obtaining the fire information by obtaining a function value (steps 314, 316, 318) and determining the center of gravity of the obtained function value (step 326). provided.

[Information related to fire phenomena obtained by the effect information acquisition means includes, of course, information on detection of physical quantities based on fire phenomena,
It also includes various environmental information that affects the detected information, such as the size of the room and the ambient temperature, and also includes so-called processed information such as the amount of change over time and the integral value of this information.

For example, the definition means, which may be a storage means, defines a function of acquired information versus fire information for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means using a formula or a table, and also defines a function such as a formula or a table for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means. Rules for the processing of at least one, but usually more than one, function (or functions) of acquired information versus fire information, etc., should be used, etc., are also defined.

The processing means processes the information obtained by the information acquisition means based on a plurality of defined processing rules and corresponding functions used for each processing rule,
Function values for each rule of each process are obtained, and the center of gravity of these function values is obtained by averaging the obtained function values, thereby obtaining fire information such as fire probability and risk level.

In this way, by appropriately selecting processing rules suitable for the environmental conditions and defining them in advance in the definition means, the fire information that should be obtained can be calculated by taking into account environmental information that affects the detection information of fire phenomena. It is possible to consider a wide range of acquired information that contributes to the

The processing means processes the acquired information according to defined processing rules suitable for environmental conditions to obtain fire information, and determines the center of gravity of the acquired fire information, thereby legitimately narrowing down a wide range of acquired information. As a result, highly reliable fire information can be obtained.

[Example code] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

Figure 1 shows that the analog physical quantity sensor level based on the fire phenomenon detected by each fire detector is sent to a receiving means such as a fire receiver RE or a repeater, and the receiving means receives the collected sensor level. FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram when the present invention is applied to a so-called analog fire alarm device that makes a fire judgment based on the following. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to an on/off type fire alarm system in which each fire detector makes a fire judgment and only the result is sent to the receiving means.

In Fig. 1, RE is a fire receiver, DE + ~ DE
, is a transmission line L such as a pair of power and signal lines, for example.
There are N analog fire detectors connected to the fire receiver RE via the fire detector RE, and the internal circuit of only one of them, fire detector DE, is shown in detail.

In the fire receiver RE, MPU1 is a microprocessor, RoMll is a program storage area storing programs related to the operation of the present invention, which will be described later, ROM12 is a storage area for various constant tables, and ROM13 is a storage area for terminal address tables. A storage area, ROM 14, is a storage area for definition functions that stores various definition functions such as a definition function for sensor level SLY, a definition function for integral value, and a definition function for time. RAM II is a storage area that stores rules, DP is a display such as a CRT, OP is an operating unit, CL is a clock, TRX1 is a serial/parallel converter, a parallel/serial converter, etc. The signal transmitting/receiving units, IFII to IF14, are interfaces.

Further, in the fire detector DE, MPU2 is a microprocessor, FLOM21 is a program storage area, ROM22 is a self-address storage area, RAM21 is a work area, FS is a heat and smoke based on fire phenomenon, Alternatively, it is a sensor section for detecting a fire phenomenon that detects any physical quantity such as gas, and includes an amplifier, a sample hold circuit, an analog/digital converter, etc. (not shown).

TRX2 is a signal transmitting/receiving unit similar to TRX1, IF21
and IF22 is an interface.

The definition function storage area ROM14 in the fire receiver RE stores various definition functions in the form of formulas or tables, examples of which are shown in sections 2'9 (a) to (e). In the examples shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(e), fire probability is shown as fire information (vertical axis) for various acquired information, that is, input information (horizontal axis).

In FIG. 2(a), the definition function F, (SLY) for the sensor level SLV from the fire phenomenon detection sensor section FS as input information, that is, the fire accuracy is shown in the range of 0 to 1. 2cb>, when the sensor section FS detects temperature, the rate of change ΔSLV of the sensor level from the temperature sensor section FS as input information is shown.
In other words, the defining function F2 (
Δ5LV) is shown in the range of 0 to 1 (curve b1 is the accuracy for flaming fires, curve b2 is the accuracy for smoldering fires), and Fig. 2(e) shows the integral value ΣSLV of the senna level. The definition function F3 (Σ5LV) of the fire probability is shown in the range of O to 1, and Fig. 2 (d) shows the definition function F3 (Σ5LV) of the fire probability for Definition function r;'<(l is 0~
Figure 2 (e) shows, as environmental information, for example, the number of fire probability definitions FS (H) for ceiling height (H) in the range of 0 to 1. .

Various other definition functions can be stored in the storage area ROM 14, and can be taken out and used as needed.

The processing rule storage area ROM15 stores processing rules to be performed for each fire detector. The rules for each process define the relationship between the output information that should be obtained when one or more types of acquired information are given. For example, when one type of acquired information is given, An example of defining the relationship with the output information that should be obtained when the data is obtained is as follows: (i) "If the smoke sensor level 5LV = X, the probability of fire is F, (X)." sensor level S
The relationship between LV and fire probability is one processing rule. In this embodiment, this is determined using Section 213(a) to determine the fire certainty F+(SL) for the sensor level SLV.
V) can be expressed by the definition function.

(ii) If r temperature increase rate Δ5LV=Y, fire probability is F2(Y).'' is also one rule, and in this example, this is determined using the definition function shown in FIG. 2(b). be done.

(iii) Similarly, the rule "integral value Σ5Lv=Z naraha, fire probability F, (Z)" is determined using FIG. 2(c) in this embodiment, and (iv) the rule "time t = T, then fire certainty F4(T
). '' is determined using FIG. 2(d) in this example, and (V) rule [If ceiling height = H, fire probability Fs (
H). '' is determined using FIG. 2(e), etc.

Also, when the acquisition information of two or more species types is given,
As an example of defining the relationship with the output information to be obtained, (vi) r When smoke is detected in a room with a high ceiling, there is a high possibility of a fire. ”, the ceiling height of the room and the smoke sensor
An example of this is when defining the relationship between levels. The rule in this case is expressed as "If sensor level 5LV = X and ceiling height = H, fire probability = F." To obtain the result of this rule, "
If sensor level 5LV=X, fire is certain Jf! :,F
Figure 2 (a) and (e) respectively show Fl(X) of ``I(X)'' and FS(H) of ``If ceiling height = H, fire probability FS(H)''. Fl(X
) and FS(H) is determined as the rule output information F6 in this case.

(vii) As another example, “sensor level St
, V=X and time t=T, then the fire probability is F.

” is the rule. This can be used, for example, when the probability of fire differs depending on day and night even when the same sensor level SLV is detected. In order to obtain the result of this rule, as mentioned above, "Sensor level 5L
If V=X, the fire probability is F, (X).
) and Fl(T) of "If time t = T, the fire probability is F4(T)" are obtained separately from the second rjJA (a) and (d), and F, (X) and F4 The smaller one of (T) is determined as the output information F of the rule in this case.

One or more of the processing rules described above are defined for each fire sensor and stored in each fire sensor area in the storage area ROM15. For example, for the No. 1 fire detector DE, the above (i), (iii) and (v)
If the rules explained in ii) are used, rules (1), (iii), and (vii) are stored in the area for fire alarm DE No. 1 in the storage area ROM15, and the rules (1), (iii), and (vii) are stored in A program to be described later stored in the area ROMII uses the definition function shown in FIG. and find the center of gravity of those results.

In this embodiment, the center of gravity is determined by calculating the sum of the definition function values obtained for each rule divided by the number of rules, that is, the average value among the definition functions.

F = (F, (X) + F 3 (Z) + F 7
)/3 Average value F of the definition function obtained in this way
represents the desired fire information, that is, the fire probability in this embodiment.

In this way, based on the definition function that represents the relationship between each input value of a large number of environmental information and the fire probability stored in the storage area ROM14, and the processing rules defined in the storage area ROM15, the information in the storage area ROM1l is The inference is developed by the program.

Since the contents of each definition function and each rule described above can be detailed from experiments and theory, the value of the definition function as a result obtained for each rule, that is, the fire probability, is excellent. Since the final result is obtained by accumulating the results and taking the average, a highly reliable fire probability value can be obtained.

The above storage areas ROIVI14 and ROM15 are
It is preferable that it be rewritable or replaceable when necessary, such as when environmental conditions change.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fire alarm system shown as a block circuit in FIG. 1 will be explained according to the flowcharts in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The fire receiver RE in Fig. 1 is the fire detector DE numbered 1 to N.
, - DEH are sequentially subjected to signal processing.The following explanation will be given using the case of the first fire alarm DE as an example. For the No. 1 fire detector DE, the processing rules are (i>, (iii) and (vii)).
is adopted, therefore, the second ward's (
Assume that a), (C) and (d) are used.

In the fire receiver RE, first, the processing storage area R
From the area for the No. 1 fire detector DE in OM15, the processing rule (i) for the No. 1 fire detector DE +, (
iii) and (vii) are read (step 304);
Next, a data return command is sent to the No. 1 fire detector D E + (step 305).

When signal processing is performed according to processing rules <i), (iii), and (vii), the above-mentioned rules (i), (ii)
As can be seen from the explanations in i) and (vii), only the sensor level SLY is required as information to be collected from the fire detector, and therefore the return command content sent as a data return command is the sensor level. This is a return order only.

Upon receiving the data return command from the fire receiver RE (Y in step 402), the first fire detector DE sends the fire phenomenon detection sensor unit F via the interface IF21.
Read sensor level SLV from S (step 404
), set it on the interface I P22 and send it from the signal transmitter/receiver TRX2 to the fire receiver R via the transmission line.
It is sent back to E (step 406).

In this way, if the data, that is, the sensor level SLV, is returned from the first fire alarm DE, the fire receiver RE sends it as SLY and closes it to the work area RA.
After storing it in the MII (step 306), it is determined whether the sensor level S1, vl is equal to or higher than a predetermined level Lv3 (step 308).

If the sensor level SLV is smaller than the predetermined level LV (N in step 308), this fire detector D
Regarding E, no processing is performed and the processing proceeds to the next fire detector.

If the sensor level SLV is greater than or equal to the predetermined level LV (Y in step 308), then rule (iii
), the integral value S for the period during which the sensor level SLV is equal to or higher than the predetermined level LV+ is calculated (
At step 310), time T is read from the clock CL via the interface IF 14 for the processing of rule (vii) (step 312).

Next, as a process for rule (i), the definition function is written tPi
The definition function value F, (SLV,) for the sensor level SLV is calculated from the definition function shown in FIG. Similarly, the storage area ROM1
The definition function value F 3 (S ) for the integral value S is obtained from the definition function shown in FIG. The definition function value F4 (
T) is determined (step 318).

Next, as further processing of rule (vii), the defining function values F,(SLV,) and F,(T) are compared (step 320), and the smaller one is left as F7 (step 322 or 324).

Finally, the average B of F, (SLV,), Fco(S), and F7 is taken (step 326), and the value B is displayed as a percentage on the display DP via the interface IF12 as the fire probability. (step 328).

Finally, the fire probability B is determined by the storage area R of various constant tables.
It is compared with the reference value F of the fire accuracy stored in the OM12 (step 330), and if the fire accuracy B is equal to or higher than the reference value F, a fire indication is made on the display DP (step 332), and the next Let's move on to signal processing for fire detectors.

Note that in the above embodiment, different processing rules are applied to each fire detector, but if the environmental conditions where each fire detector is installed are the same,
The same processing rules can be used throughout the fire detector.

In that case, by incorporating the processing rules to be used into the program in the ROM 11, the storage area ROM 15 for processing rules can be made unnecessary. Further, the definition functions stored in the storage area ROM14 can be limited to those required for the same processing rules for all fire detectors, and the programs stored in the storage area ROMII can be limited to those required for the same processing rules for all fire detectors, and the programs stored in the storage area ROMII can be limited to those required for the same processing rules for all fire detectors. step 304 can be deleted, making it simpler.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a function for fire information is defined for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means, and a rule for processing suitable for the environmental conditions to be performed using the function is defined. is selected and defined in advance, and the acquired information is processed according to the defined processing rules to obtain fire information.
Since we perform operations to determine the center of gravity, such as calculating the average value of the fire information obtained, it is possible to take into account a wide range of acquired information, and also to narrow down the acquired information in a valid manner. This has the effect of providing highly reliable fire information.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a fire alarm system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a definition function that can be used in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire receiver side of the fire alarm apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire detector side of the fire alarm apparatus of FIG. 1. In the figure, RE is a fire receiver, MPU1 is a microprocessor, ROM11 is a program storage area, and RO
M14 is a storage area for definition functions, ROM15 is a storage area for processing rules, CL is a clock, DE, -DEN are fire detectors, and FS is a sensor unit for detecting fire phenomena. Patent applicant Nomi Disaster Prevention Industry Co., Ltd. (a) Figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A fire alarm device for obtaining fire information based on various types of information related to fire phenomena, including information acquisition for obtaining various collected information related to fire phenomena and processed information from the collected information. means for defining a function for the fire information for each piece of information obtained by the information acquisition means, and defining at least one rule for processing to be performed using the function; Based on the rules of each process and the corresponding functions used in the rules of each process, the information obtained by the information acquisition means is processed to obtain the function value for each rule of each process. A fire alarm device comprising: processing means for obtaining the fire information by determining the center of gravity of the function value.