JP2891469B2 - Fire alarm - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is based on detection information relating to physical quantities of fire phenomena such as smoke, heat and gas and / or environmental information such as room size, number of people, ambient temperature and the like. The present invention relates to a fire alarm device for obtaining at least one piece of fire information such as fire accuracy and danger.

[Prior Art and Problems] There are various methods for detecting a fire. For example, considering a case where a fire determination is made based on sensor level, that is, detection information of a fire detector as the simplest method, a fire signal is output when the sensor level exceeds a certain predetermined level. . In this case, the fire signal output from the fire detector is uniquely determined based on whether or not it exceeds a predetermined level, and it cannot be said that various environmental conditions are sufficiently considered. In addition to the detection information from the fire detector, it is also considered to collect environmental information and make a comprehensive fire judgment based on the detected information and the environmental information. In view of this, a sufficiently reliable fire signal has not yet been obtained, and from a human sense, it is not always possible to determine that a fire has occurred even if the fire signal is on.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a more reliable method for processing collected information, including environmental information, in a more reliable manner than conventionally performed. It is intended to make an appropriate fire judgment.

For this reason, according to the present invention, in a fire alarm device for obtaining fire information based on various information related to a fire phenomenon, detection information of physical quantities based on the fire phenomenon and environmental information affecting the detection information are provided. Acquiring means (steps 305, 306, 310, 312) for acquiring as acquired information; and defining a function for the fire information for each acquired information by the acquiring means, and at least one function to be performed using the function. Definition means (ROM14, ROM15) for defining processing rules; and, based on the rules of the respective processings and the respective functions used in the rules of the respective processings, of the acquired information obtained by the acquiring means. The processing is performed to obtain a function value for each rule of each processing (steps 314, 316, 318), and a processing step for obtaining the fire information by obtaining the center of gravity of the obtained function value (step 326). A fire alarm device comprising: a step;

[Operation] The information on the fire phenomenon obtained by the acquisition means includes not only the detection information of the physical quantity based on the fire phenomenon, but also various kinds of environmental information that influences the detection information, such as the size of the room and the ambient temperature. Further, so-called processing information such as a temporal change amount and an integral value of the information is also included.

For example, in the defining means which may be a storage means, the function of the acquired information versus the fire information is defined by a method such as an expression or a table for each acquired information by the acquiring means, and when the information is processed, At least one (usually a plurality of) processing rules regarding whether to use the function (one or more functions) of the acquired information and the fire information described above are also defined.

The processing means performs processing of the acquired information obtained by the obtaining means based on a plurality of defined processing rules and corresponding functions used in the respective processing rules, and processes each processing rule. And the obtained function values are averaged, for example, to obtain the center of gravity of the function values, thereby obtaining fire information such as fire accuracy and risk.

In this way, by appropriately selecting the processing rules suitable for the environmental conditions and defining them in the defining means in advance, the environmental information affecting the detection information of the fire phenomenon is also taken into account, and the fire information to be obtained is taken into account. It is possible to consider a wide range of acquired information that contributes to The processing means processes the obtained information for each defined processing rule suitable for the environmental conditions to obtain fire information, and obtains the center of gravity of the obtained fire information, thereby properly narrowing down a wide range of obtained information. Therefore, highly reliable fire information can be obtained.

Example An example of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows that the sensor level of an analog physical quantity based on a fire phenomenon detected by each fire sensor is sent to receiving means such as a fire receiver RE or a repeater, and the receiving means outputs the collected sensor level. FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram in a case where the present invention is applied to a so-called analog type fire alarm device that makes a fire determination based on the present invention. Of course, the present invention is also applicable to an on / off type fire alarm device in which each fire detector makes a fire judgment and sends only the result to the receiving means.

In Figure 1, RE is the fire receiver, DE ₁ ～DE _N, for example fire of N analog which is connected to the fire receiver RE through a transmission line L such as a pair of power supply and signal lines a vessel shows the internal circuit in detail only for the one No.1 fire detector DE _1.

In the fire receiver RE, the MPU 1 is a microprocessor, the ROM 11 is a program storage area storing programs related to the operation of the present invention described later, the ROM 12 is a storage area for various constant tables, and the ROM 13 is a terminal address table. The storage area, ROM14, is a storage area for definition functions storing various definition functions such as a definition function for sensor level SLV, a definition function for integral value, and a definition function for time, and ROM15 is a processing area for each fire detector. Storage area for storing rules, RAM11 is a work area, DP is a display such as a CRT, OP is an operation unit, CL is a clock, TRX1 is a serial / parallel converter, a parallel / serial converter, etc. The configured signal transmitting / receiving unit, IF11 to IF14, are interfaces.

In the fire detector DE ₁ , MPU2 is a microprocessor, ROM21 is a program storage area, ROM22 is a self-address storage area, RAM21 is a work area, and FS is heat, smoke, Alternatively, it is a fire phenomenon detecting sensor unit for detecting any physical quantity such as gas, and includes an amplifier, a sample and hold circuit, an analog / digital converter, etc., though not shown.

 TRX2 is a signal transmitting and receiving unit similar to TRX1, and IF21 and IF22 are interfaces.

Various definition functions, such as those shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E, are stored in a storage area ROM 14 of the definition functions in the fire receiver RE in the form of expressions or tables.
In the examples of FIGS. 2A to 2E, the fire accuracy as the fire information (vertical axis) with respect to various pieces of acquired information, that is, input information (horizontal axis) is shown. FIG. 2 (a) shows a definition function F ₁ (SLV) for the sensor level SLV from the sensor unit FS for detecting a fire phenomenon as input information, that is, a fire accuracy of 0.
FIG. 2 (b) shows the rate of change of the sensor level from the temperature sensor unit FS as input information when the sensor unit FS detects temperature. △
Defining fire probability for SLV That temperature increase rate function F ₂
(△ SLV) is shown in the range of 0 to ₁ (curve b ₁ is the accuracy of flaming fire, curve b ₂ is the accuracy of smoldering fire), and FIG. The definition function F ₃ (ΣSLV) of the fire accuracy with respect to the integrated value ΣSLV is shown in the range of 0 to 1. FIG. 2D shows the case where the environmental change due to time affects the fire judgment value. Time t as environmental information
Definition of fire probability function F ₄ (t) is shown in the range of 0 to 1 with respect to the second view (e), defined functions F ₅ fire probability as environmental information for example the ceiling height (H) (H)
Is shown in the range of 0 to 1. In the storage area ROM14,
Various other defining functions can be stored, and can be extracted and used as needed.

The processing rule storage area ROM15 stores processing rules to be performed for each fire detector. The rule of each process defines a relationship with output information to be obtained when one or two or more types of obtained information are given. For example, when one type of acquired information is given, an example of defining a relationship with output information to be obtained is as follows. (I) "If the smoke sensor level SLV = X, the fire accuracy is F ₁ (X). "Is one processing rule. In the present embodiment, this can be represented by a definition function of the fire accuracy F ₁ (SLV) with respect to the sensor level SLV using FIG. 2 (a).

(Ii) If the temperature rise rate △ SLV = Y, the fire accuracy is F
₂ (Y). Is also one rule, which is determined using the definition function in FIG. 2B in this embodiment.

(Iii) Similarly, the rule “if the integrated value ΣSLV = Z, the fire accuracy is F ₃ (Z)” is determined in this embodiment using FIG. 2 (c), and (iv) the rule “time If t = T, the fire accuracy is F ₄ (T). ”In this embodiment, the fire accuracy is determined using FIG. 2D. (v) Rule“ If ceiling height = H, fire accuracy F
₅ (H). "Is determined using FIG. 2 (e).

Also, when two or more types of acquired information are given, an example of defining the relationship with the output information to be obtained is as follows: (vi) "When smoke is detected in a room with a high ceiling, there is a possibility of fire. High "to define the relationship between the ceiling height of the room and the smoke sensor level. This rule in this case is "if ceiling height = H from the sensor level SLV = X, a fire probability = F _6." Expressed so on, in order to obtain the result of this rule, "Sensor
If the level SLV = X, F ₁ fire probability is F ₁ (X) "
And (X), "ceiling height = H, then the fire probability F ₅ is (H)" F ₅ (H) and the respective second view of (a) and (e)
Are calculated separately from each other, and the smaller of F ₁ (X) and F ₅ (H)
It is determined as the output information F ₆ rules in this case.

(Vii) As another example, “sensor level SLV = X
And if the time t = T, a fire probability F _7. ". This can be used, for example, when the same sensor level SLV is detected, but the fire accuracy differs between day and night. To determine the result of this rule, as described above, if the sensor level SLV = X,
F ₁ of the fire probability F is ₁ (X) "and (X)," time t = T
If, Figure 2 F ₄ fire probability F is ₄ (T) "and (T), respectively (a) and (d) determined separately from, F ₁ (X)
And the smaller of F ₄ (T) is determined as the output information F ₇ of the rule in this case.

The rules of the processing described above are one for each fire detector.
One or two or more are defined and stored in each fire detector area in the storage area ROM15. For example, it is assumed that the rules described in the above (i) (iii) and (vii) with respect to No.1 fire detector DE ₁ is used, the storage area ROM1
No.1 fire detector DE ₁ for the region rules in 5 (i), (ii
i) and (vii) are stored, and a program described later stored in the storage area ROM11 is used for each rule based on the rules and using the definition function of FIG. 2 stored in the storage area ROM14. The output information F ₁ (X), F ₃ (Z), and F ₇ are obtained, and the center of gravity of those results is obtained. In this embodiment, as an operation for obtaining the center of gravity, in this embodiment, a value obtained by dividing the sum of the definition function values obtained for each rule by the number of rules, that is, an average value between the definition functions is obtained.

F = (F ₁ (X) + F ₃ (Z) + F ₇ ) / 3 The average value F of the definition function thus obtained represents desired fire information, that is, fire accuracy in the present embodiment.

Thus, based on the definition function representing the relationship between each input value of a large number of environmental information and the fire probability stored in the storage area ROM 14 and the processing rules defined in the storage area ROM 15, The program develops inferences.

Since the contents of each definition function and each rule described above can be detailed from experiments and theory, the value of the definition function as a result required for each rule, that is, the fire accuracy, is excellent. Since the final result is obtained by further accumulating the results of (1) and (2) and averaging the results, a highly reliable numerical value of the fire accuracy can be obtained.

It is preferable that the above storage areas ROM14 and ROM15 can be rewritten or replaced when necessary due to a change in environmental conditions or the like.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fire alarm device shown by the block circuit in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 3 and 4.

The fire receiver RE shown in FIG. 1 is a fire detector DE _{1 of} Nos. 1 to N.
It intended to make the signal processing in the order for each ~DE _N. Hereinafter, the description will be given taking the case of the _first fire detector DE ₁ as an example. For the 1st fire detector DE _1, described above as the rule of the processing (i), (iii) and (vii) is employed, therefore, the second view as defined function (a), ( c) and (d) shall be used.

In the case of the fire receiver RE, first, the processing storage area RO
From 1st region for the fire detector DE ₁ in M15, rule processing for the 1st fire detector _{DE 1 (i), (iii} ) and (vi
i) is read (step 304), and then the first fire detector
Send data return command to DE ₁ (step 30)
Five). When performing signal processing in accordance with the processing rules (i), (iii), and (vii), the aforementioned rules (i), (ii)
As can be seen from the descriptions of i) and (vii), only the sensor level SLV is required as information to be collected from the fire detector, and therefore, the content of the return command sent as a data return command is the sensor level. This is only a return instruction.

Upon receiving the data return command from the fire receiver RE (Y in step 402), the first fire detector DE ₁ reads the sensor level SLV from the fire event detection sensor unit FS sensor via the interface IF21 (step 402). 404), set it on the interface IF22, and return it from the signal transmitting / receiving section TRX2 to the fire receiver RE via the transmission line L (step
406).

If the data, that is, the sensor level SLV ₁ is returned from the _first fire detector DE ₁ in this way, the fire receiver
The RE stores it in the work area RAM 11 as SLV ₁ (step 306), and determines whether or not the sensor level SLV ₁ is equal to or higher than a predetermined level LV ₁ (step 308).

If the sensor level SLV ₁ goes to the processing for a given if level LV is smaller than ₁ (N in step 308), the next fire detector without this fire detector DE ₁ is performed nothing.

If the sensor level SLV ₁ is the predetermined level LV ₁ or more (Y in step 308), for processing the rules (iii), the period of the integral sensor level SLV ₁ is the predetermined level LV ₁ or more The value S is determined (step 310) and the interface I is processed for processing rule (vii).
The time T is read from the clock CL via F14 (step 3
12).

Next, as the processing of the rule (i), a definition function value F ₁ (SLV ₁ ) for the sensor level SLV ₁ is obtained from the definition function of FIG. 2A stored in the storage area ROM ₁₄ of the definition function. (Step 314), as the processing of the rule (iii),
A definition function value F ₃ (S) for the integral value S is obtained from the definition function of FIG. 2C also stored in the storage area ROM 14 (step 316), and as part of the processing of the rule (vii), The definition function value F ₄ for the time T from the definition function of FIG.
(T) is determined (step 318).

Next, as further processing of the rule (vii), the definition function values F ₁ (SLV ₁ ) and F ₄ (T) are compared (step 32).
0), the smaller is left as F ₇ (step 322 or
324).

Finally, an average B with F ₁ (SLV ₁ ), F ₃ (S), and F ₇ is taken (step 326), and the value B is converted into a percentage on the indicator DP via the interface IF12 as the fire accuracy. Displayed (step 328).

Finally, the fire accuracy B is stored in the storage area of various constant tables.
It is compared with the reference value F of the fire accuracy stored in the ROM 12 (step 330). If the fire accuracy B is equal to or more than the reference value F, a fire display is performed on the display DP (step 33).
2) Move on to signal processing for the next fire detector.

In the above embodiment, different processing rules are applied to each fire detector. However, when the environmental conditions in which each fire detector is installed are the same, the fire detection is performed. The same processing rule can be used throughout the entire vessel. In that case, the processing rule used is incorporated in the program of the ROM 11, so that the storage area ROM 15 of the processing rule can be made unnecessary. Also, the definition functions stored in the storage area ROM 14 can be limited to those required for the same processing rules of all the fire sensors, and the storage area ROM 1
The program stored in 1 can be simplified by eliminating step 304 in FIG.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, detection information of a physical quantity based on a fire phenomenon, and environmental information affecting the detection information are obtained as acquisition information by an acquisition unit, and defined by a definition unit.
A function for the fire information is defined for each piece of information obtained by the obtaining unit, and at least one processing rule to be performed using the function is defined.
The processing means performs processing of the obtained information obtained by the obtaining means based on the rule of each processing and each corresponding function used in the rule of each processing, and obtains a function value for each rule of each processing. And the fire information is obtained by obtaining the center of gravity of the obtained function value, so that a more reliable fire judgment is performed by comprehensively making a fire judgment including the environmental information in the detection information. In addition to the physical quantity detection information based on the fire phenomenon, the information acquisition means can also add environmental information (eg, room size, ambient temperature, ceiling height, time, etc.) affecting the detection information. It obtains the function value for each processing rule defined from the obtained information, and calculates the center of gravity as fire information. There fire information is there is an effect that is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a fire alarm device to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a definition function that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire receiver side, and FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device of FIG. 1 on the fire detector side. In FIG, RE is the fire receiver, MPU 1 is a microprocessor, the storage area of the program ROM 11, ROM 14 is a storage area of the defined functions, ROM 15 is a storage area of the rule of the processing, CL watch, DE ₁ ~DE _N is fire FS is a sensor for detecting a fire phenomenon.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fire alarm device for obtaining a fire coasting information based on various information related to a fire phenomenon, wherein detection information of a physical quantity based on the fire phenomenon and environmental information affecting the detection information are acquired information. Obtaining means for obtaining; defining function for the fire information for each piece of information obtained by the obtaining means; and defining means for defining at least one processing rule to be performed using the function; Based on the rules of each processing and the corresponding functions used in the rules of each processing, the processing of the obtained information obtained by the obtaining unit is performed to obtain a function value for each processing rule. Processing means for obtaining the fire information by calculating the center of gravity of the function value.