JP2843589B2 - Fire alarm - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is based on detection information relating to physical quantities of fire phenomena such as smoke, heat and gas and / or environmental information such as room size, number of people, ambient temperature and the like. The present invention relates to a fire alarm device for obtaining at least one piece of fire information such as fire accuracy and danger.

[Related Art and Problems] There are various detection methods for detecting a fire. For example, considering a case where a fire determination is made based on sensor level, that is, detection information of a fire detector as the simplest method, a fire signal is output when the sensor level exceeds a certain predetermined level. . In this case, the fire signal output from the fire detector is uniquely determined based on whether or not it exceeds a predetermined level, and it cannot be said that various environmental conditions are sufficiently considered. In addition to the detection information from the fire detector, it is also considered to collect environmental information and make a comprehensive fire judgment based on the detected information and the environmental information. In view of this, a sufficiently reliable fire signal has not yet been obtained, and from a human sense, it is not always possible to determine that a fire has occurred even if the fire signal is on.

According to a patent application entitled "Fire Alarm Device" filed on the same date as the present application, in order to eliminate such drawbacks, information on detection of physical quantities based on fire phenomena, as well as room size and ambient temperature, etc. Collecting various environmental information affecting the detection information, and, if necessary, obtaining so-called processing information such as a temporal change amount or an integrated value of the collected information from the collected information; For each collection information and each processing information, the function of collection / processing information versus fire information is defined in advance as a definition function by a method such as an expression or a table, and a plurality of processes to be performed based on these definition functions Rules are also defined, and each collection / processing information is processed based on each defined function and each processing rule to obtain a function value for each processing rule. Average Obtain accurate fire information by Mel, so there is shown those.

As the defining function, fire information such as fire accuracy such as fire accuracy with respect to detection information of a certain value detected by, for example, a fire detector as collected information or integrated value or derivative value of the detected information as processing information is 0 to 1. Expressed as a range.

Further, as a processing rule, a rule based on one piece of information of the collected / processed information is defined,
A rule based on two or more pieces of information may be defined, and a rule based on one piece of information may be defined. It is defined whether or not the fire accuracy should be obtained as information. Further, when rules based on two or more pieces of information are defined, rules such as adopting the smallest one of the definition function values for each piece of information as the fire probability are determined.

A plurality of such processing rules are defined for the fire detector, and for each of the plurality of defined processing rules, the collection / processing information related to each fire detector is processed and the definition function value is defined. That is, fire accuracy as fire information is required. The fire probabilities obtained for each processing rule are averaged as follows, whereby a highly reliable fire probabilities are obtained.

As described above, the one disclosed in the above patent application can obtain highly reliable fire information. However, the present invention goes one step further and, depending on environmental conditions, a rule of processing that is ineffective even when used and an effective rule. An object of the present invention is to provide a more reliable fire alarm device by distinguishing from processing rules and adopting only effective processing rules.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In a fire alarm device for obtaining a fire coasting information based on various outputs related to a fire phenomenon, various collected outputs related to a fire phenomenon and processed outputs from the collected outputs are output. Obtaining means for obtaining, and a function for assigning strength to the fire information for each output obtained by the obtaining means, and a plurality of processing rules to be performed based on the defined function. Control means for selecting one or two or more of the processing rules defined by the definition means in accordance with an environmental state determined by an output obtained by the acquisition means. Means, based on a rule of each process selected by the control means and a corresponding function defined in the definition means,
Processing means for processing the information obtained by the obtaining means, to obtain a function value for each rule of each selected process, to obtain the fire information by obtaining the center of gravity of the obtained function value, There is provided a fire alarm device characterized by comprising:

[Operation] The information on the fire phenomenon obtained by the acquisition means includes not only the detection information of the physical quantity based on the fire phenomenon, but also various kinds of environmental information that influences the detection information, such as the size of the room and the ambient temperature. Further, so-called processing information such as a temporal change amount and an integral value of the information is also included.

For example, in the defining means which may be a storage means, a function of acquired information versus fire information is defined for each output obtained by the acquiring means by a method such as an expression or a table, and when performing information processing. Also, a plurality of processing rules regarding which acquisition information versus fire information function should be used are defined.

The control means first determines the environmental state of the place where the fire information is to be obtained from each output obtained by the obtaining means, and according to the obtained environmental state, determines the processing rule defined by the defining means. Select one or more.

Lastly, the processing unit processes the information obtained by the obtaining unit based on the rule of each process selected by the control unit and the function defined in the definition unit corresponding to the rule of the processing. By performing the operation for obtaining the function value for each rule of each selected process and obtaining the center of gravity such as obtaining the average value of the obtained function values, fire information such as fire accuracy and danger is obtained.

Example An example of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows that the sensor level of an analog physical quantity based on a fire phenomenon detected by each fire sensor is sent to receiving means such as a fire receiver RE or a repeater, and the receiving means outputs the collected sensor level. FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram in a case where the present invention is applied to a so-called analog type fire alarm device that makes a fire determination based on the present invention. Of course, the present invention is also applicable to an on / off type fire alarm device in which each fire detector makes a fire judgment and sends only the result to the receiving means.

In Figure 1, RE is the fire receiver, DE ₁ ～DE _N, for example N number of fire analog connected via a transmission line L _1, such as a pair of power and signal lines to the fire receiver RE a sensor shows the internal circuit in detail only for the one No.1 fire detector DE _1.

The fire receiver RE is also ventilation rate sensor through the transmission line L _2, as well as persons sensor through the transmission line L ₃ are shown connected. These ventilation rate sensors and the number of people sensors are arranged, for example, for each room, and are provided for each fire detector, or one for some fire detectors. Whether the fire detector is related to the ventilation frequency sensor or the number of people sensor can be known from a correspondence table or the like. First
The figure shows the ventilation rate sensor SI ₁ associated with the _first fire detector DE ₁
And only persons sensor SI ₂ is shown.

In the fire receiver RE, the MPU 1 is a microprocessor, the ROM 11 is a program storage area storing programs related to the operation of the present invention described later, the ROM 12 is a storage area for control rules, and the ROM 13 is a storage area for individual rules. The storage area, ROM14, is used to define functions for individual rules,
A storage area for definition functions storing various definition functions such as a definition function for the level SLV, a definition function for the integral value, and a definition function for the time, and the RAM 11 stores the sensor level collected for each fire detector. This is a storage area for sensor levels including an area for each fire sensor. In order to obtain a difference value described later, a plurality of sensor levels collected from each fire sensor a plurality of times are stored in each fire sensor. Stored for each sensor.

RAM 12 is a storage area for integration values, RAM 13 is a storage area for the number of rules to be used, RAM 14 is a storage area for total defined function values, RAM 15 is a work area, DP is a display such as a CRT, OP the operation unit, CL is the watch, TRAX11 connects the fire detector DE ₁ ~DE _N fire receiver RE. TRX12 is a signal transceiver for connecting the aforementioned ventilation rate sensor, and TRX13 is a signal transceiver for connecting the aforementioned number of people sensor. A transmitting / receiving unit, and IF11 to IF16 are interfaces.

In the fire detector DE ₁ , MPU2 is a microprocessor, ROM21 is a program storage area, ROM22 is a self-address storage area, RAM21 is a work area, and FS is heat, smoke, Alternatively, it is a fire phenomenon detecting means for detecting any physical quantity such as gas, and includes an amplifier, a sample and hold circuit, an analog / digital converter, etc. although not shown.

 TRX21 is a signal transmitting and receiving unit similar to TRX11, and IF21 and IF22 are interfaces.

According to the present invention, when inferring a fire judgment based on information collected from each fire sensor and related environmental sensors as described above, it is possible to select a rule to be inferred according to the situation. is there.

The control rule storage area ROM12 in the fire receiver RE stores rules to be used according to environmental conditions. An example is as follows.

Control Rule 1: Selection time between T ₁ through T _2, when the chamber is ventilated, the rules a, b, d, and e.

Control Rule 2: When the time is between T _{1 and} T ₂ and the room is not ventilated, select rules a, d and f.

Control Rule 3: When the time is the chamber when other than T ₁ through T ₂ is ventilated, selection rules a, b, and d.

Control Rule 4: When the time is other than T _{1 to} T ₂ and the room is not ventilated, select rules a, b and f.

Choose the appropriate rules to use.

The storage area ROM 13 for individual rules in the fire receiver RE stores the contents of various rules such as rules a to f and the addresses of definition functions used for the rules.
An example is as follows.

Rule a: If the sensor level SLV = X, the fire accuracy should be F ₁ (X) as fire information, and the storage area ROM1
Determination of the fire probability as fire information is performed using a defined function starting at address AD ₁ in 4.

Rule b: If the time t = T of the sensor level SLV from exceeding a predetermined level LV _1, should be fire probability F ₂ (T), defined functions starting at the address AD ₂ in the storage area ROM14 Is used to determine the fire accuracy as fire information.

Rule c: Difference value of sensor level SLV for a certain time △ SLV =
If Y, the fire accuracy should be F ₃ (Y), and the fire accuracy as fire information is determined using a definition function starting from the address AD ₃ in the storage area ROM 14.

Rule d: if the integration value from exceeding the predetermined level LV ₁ of the sensor level SLV is ShigumaSLV, should be fire probability F ₄ (M), defined functions starting at the address AD ₄ in the storage area ROM14 Is used to determine the fire accuracy as fire information.

Rule e: Number of ventilations n in the room where the fire detector is installed
(/ H) = N if should be fire probability F ₅ (N), the determination of the fire probability is performed as the fire information with the defined function starting at address AD ₅ in the storage area ROM 14.

Rule f: If the number of persons in the room where the fire detector is installed is p = P, the fire accuracy should be F ₆ (P), and the storage area RO
Determination of the fire probability as fire information using a defined function starting at address AD ₆ in M14 is performed.

And so on.

Finally, the storage area ROM14 of the definition function in the fire receiver RE
Stores actual function values of various rules such as rules a to f, that is, defining functions in the form of expressions or tables. Rule a stored in the storage area ROM14
2 (a) to 2 (f) are examples of defining functions such as
(F), and in the example of FIG. 2, the fire accuracy as fire information (vertical axis) for various collected information, that is, input information (horizontal axis) is shown.

FIG. 2 (a) shows a definition function F for the sensor level SLV from the fire detection sensor FS as input information.
₁ (SLV), that is, the fire accuracy is indicated by a value of 0 to 1. FIG. 2 (b) shows that the sensor level is a predetermined level LV.
Fire accuracy definition function F ₂ for time t after ₁
(T) is shown, and FIG. 2 (c) shows a definition function F ₃ (△ SLV) of the fire accuracy with respect to the sensor level difference value △ SLV, and FIG. 2 (d). FIG. 2 shows a definition function F ₄ (ΣSLV) of the fire accuracy with respect to the sensor level integral value ΣSLV. FIG. 2 (e) shows a case where the ventilation rate / hour affects the fire judgment value. A definition function F ₅ (n) of the fire accuracy with respect to the number of ventilations n / hour as environmental information is shown, and FIG. 2 (f) shows the definition of the fire accuracy with respect to, for example, the number of persons p in the room as the environmental information. The function F ₆ (p) is shown.

The definition function storage area ROM 14 can store other various definition functions, and can be extracted and used as needed.

It is preferable that the above storage areas ROM12, ROM13, and ROM14 can be rewritten or replaced when necessary such as a change in environmental conditions.

Hereinafter, the operation of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 3 and 4.

The fire receiver RE is intended to make signal processing to collect data in order from the fire detector DE ₁ ~DE _N of numbers 1 to N. Below, 1
The signal processing for the fire detector DE ₁ will be described.
After sending the data collection command to the No. 1 fire detector DE _1, the sensor level SLV ₁ from the 1st fire detector DE ₁ is read (step 106), the sensor level SLV ₁ is a predetermined level Compared to LV ₁ (step 108), sensor level
If SLV ₁ is smaller than the predetermined level LV ₁ (step 108
N), no further signal processing operation is performed for the _first fire detector DE ₁ and the sensor level SLV ₁ is at a predetermined level.
After the variable T for counting a time at LV ₁ or more is cleared, go to the next signal processing operations for the fire detector DE _2.

If the sensor level SLV ₁ is the predetermined level LV ₁ or more (Y in step 108), together with the sensor level SLV ₁ is stored in the storage area RAM11 for the sensor level (step 114), the sensor Level SLV ₁ is the predetermined level L
After variable T ₁ of the for counting at which time V ₁ or higher, which is incremented by one (step 112), # 1 signal processing operations for the fire detector DE ₁ is gradually continued.

Must first should No.1 What number control rule storage area ROM12 for the control rule for the fire detector DE ₁ is applied is determined. Therefore with time Time from the clock CL via the interface IF13 is read (step 120), ventilation frequency N is read from the ventilation frequency sensor SI ₁ related to the number one fire detector DE ₁ through the interface IF14 (Step 122).

After a control rule to be applied is determined, a collection and / or calculation operation for obtaining information used for performing a signal processing operation according to the control rule is also performed. In this embodiment, as the information for signal processing operations, in addition to the operation of the aforementioned variables T ₁ (step 112), the sensor level of the difference value △ SLV (step 116), and the sensor level SLV ₁ is The integrated value ΣSLV (step 118) after exceeding the predetermined level LV ₁ is calculated, and further, the signal transmitting / receiving section
People sensor SI ₂ via TRX13 and interface IF15
, The number of persons P in the room related to the _first fire detector DE1 is collected (step 124).

Here, the difference value ΔSLV is, for example, the difference between the sensor level collected this time and the sensor level collected earlier, of the plurality of sensor levels stored in the sensor level storage area RAM11. Is divided by the time difference between the previous time and the current time.

In addition, the calculation of the integral value ΣSLV is based on the sensor level of a predetermined level LV ₁ or more from the _first fire detector DE ₁ in question.
Every time SLV ₁ is collected, the integrated value ΔSLV stored in the integrated value storage area RAM 12 up to the previous time is set to a value equal to or higher than the predetermined level LV ₁ of the sensor level SLV ₁ (SLV ₁ −LV ₁ ). Is added, and the integration value up to the previous time stored in the integration value storage area RAM 12 is updated based on the addition result. That is, the contents ΣSLV (RAM12) of the storage area RAM 12 for the integral value up to the last time is updated with a _{(RAM12) + SLV 1 -LV 1} .

When the above various information is collected and / or calculated, first, the time Time obtained in steps 120 and 122
And the storage area RO of the control rule from the information of the ventilation rate N
A determination is made as to what control rule stored in M12 should be used (step 126). For example, the time from the time information Time is between T ₁ through T _2, and if the chamber from the ventilation count information N is installed in the fire detector has been determined to be sensed, for controlling the above Rule 1 is adopted.

The following describes the case where the control rule 1 is adopted. The control rule 1 area in the storage area ROM 12 includes:
The knowledge rule names a, b, d, and e, the address in the storage area ROM 13 that stores detailed information on each rule name, and the number of rules R = 4 are stored. It is stored in the storage area RAM 13 (step 128).

From the addresses of the knowledge rule names a, b, d and e, as shown conceptually by lines l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ and l ₄ in FIG. Storage area for individual rules that individually stores the addresses of defined functions to be performed
The storage location in the ROM 13 can be known.

Next, the following processing is sequentially performed on the four rules read from the control rule 1 area of the storage area ROM12. First, the processing for the rule a will be described. From the storage area ROM 13, the start address AD _{1 of the} area in which the definition function of FIG. Load (Step 13
4), then, define the value of the input information used to rule a, namely by adding the most recent sensor level SLV ₁ stored in the storage area RAM11 at step 114 the start address AD _1, FIG. 2 (a) The contents of the address AD ₁ + SLV _{1 in the} area containing the function are read and stored in the storage area RAM 14 of the total defined function values (step 136). The content of the address AD ₁ + SLV _{1 in} this area corresponds to the definition function value for the sensor level SLV _1, that is, the fire accuracy F ₁ (SLV ₁ ).

Similarly, the process for the next rule b will be described (step 132). From the storage area ROM13, the definition function of FIG. 2B corresponding to the rule b in the storage area for definition function ROM14 is entered. reads the start address AD ₂ of the region are (step 134). Then, the value of the input information used for the rule b, or sensor level SLV ₁ is (are obtained in Step 112) the time T ₁ of the after exceeding a predetermined level LV ₁
Was added to the start address AD _2, FIG. 2 (b) the contents of the AD ₂ + T ₁ address The included regions defined functions ie fire probability F reads ₂ (T ₁₎ and the fire probability F _2, ( T ₁ ) is added to the fire accuracy F ₁ (SLV ₁ ) previously stored in the storage area RAM 14 of the total defined function values (step 136).

Hereinafter, the same processing is performed for rules d and e.
Based on the integral value ΣSLV and the ventilation rate N determined in steps 118 and 122, the fire accuracy F ₄ (ΣSLV), F
₅ (N) is obtained, and the fire probabilities are added to the storage area RAM 14 of the total defined function values (step 136).

When the processing for all of the usage rules a, b, d, and e is completed in this way (step 138), the storage area R
The sum of the fire probability stored in _{AM14 F 1 (SLV 1) +} F
₂ (T ₁ ) + F ₄ (ΣSLV) + F ₅ (N) is read (step
140), the added value is divided by the number of used rules R, that is, 4 (step 142), and the divided value is displayed on the display DP (step 144), and is compared with an appropriate reference value to obtain the reference value. If so, an appropriate fire operation such as displaying a fire is performed.

Thus, the signal processing operation for the _first fire detector DE ₁ is completed, and the same processing operation is performed for the next fire detectors after the _second fire detector DE ₂ .

In the above embodiment, the contents of the control rules are the control rules 1 to 4, the processing rules are the rules a to f, and the definition functions are FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (a). f) is shown for the purpose of explanation only, and it is easily understood that the control rules, the processing rules, and the contents of the definition functions can be appropriately changed according to the environment in which they are used. Like.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a function for assigning strength to fire information for each output obtained by the acquisition unit is defined, and a plurality of processing rules to be performed using the function are defined. Is defined, and based on a determined processing rule and a function corresponding to the processing rule, processing of information obtained by the obtaining unit is performed.
Since the processing rules can be selected and changed as appropriate according to the environmental conditions and used, a function value with strength depending on the degree of danger according to the output level of each information is derived as a function. The function is selected according to the (state), and by obtaining the center of gravity, degree information such as the accuracy of the fire can be obtained. Therefore, only effective rules suitable for the environmental state can be adopted. Can,
There is an effect that a more reliable fire alarm device can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a fire alarm device to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a definition function that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. Figure 4
FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fire alarm device on the fire receiver side, and FIG. 5 is a storage area ROM12, ROM
13 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the ROM 14. FIG. In the figure, R
E is a fire receiver, MPU1 is a microprocessor, ROM11 is a storage area for programs, ROM12 is a storage area for control rules, ROM13 is a storage area for individual rules, ROM14 is a storage area for defined functions, and RAM11 is a sensor level. Storage, RAM for
12 is a storage area for integration values, RAM 13 is a storage area for the number of rules to be used, RAM 14 is a storage area for total defined function values, SI ₁
Is the ventilation rate sensor, SI ₂ is the number of people sensor, CL is the clock, DE ₁ to
DE _N fire detector, FS is a fire phenomenon detecting means.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fire alarm device for obtaining a fire coasting information based on various outputs related to a fire phenomenon. An acquisition means for obtaining various collected outputs related to a fire phenomenon and a processing output from the collected outputs. A function for assigning strength to the fire information is defined for each output obtained by the acquisition unit, and a plurality of processing rules to be performed based on the defined function are defined. Definition means; control means for selecting one or two or more of the processing rules defined by the definition means according to an environmental state determined by the output obtained by the acquisition means; Based on the rule of each process selected by the means and the corresponding function defined in the defining means, the information obtained by the obtaining means is processed, and each of the selected processes is processed. Processing means for obtaining the fire information by obtaining a function value for each logical rule and obtaining the center of gravity of the obtained function value.