JP7032628B2 - Pest control method using natural enemy creatures - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、天敵生物を用いた害虫防除方法に関する。また本発明は、前記方法に用いる装置に関する。本発明によれば、天敵生物の個体数を維持又は増殖させ、かつ、風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から天敵生物を保護するための装置を利用して、害虫の防除に有効な天敵生物の個体数を維持し、当該天敵生物により害虫を防除することができる。 The present invention relates to a pest control method using a natural enemy organism. The present invention also relates to an apparatus used in the above method. According to the present invention, a natural enemy effective in controlling pests by using a device for maintaining or multiplying the population of natural enemy organisms and protecting the natural enemy organisms from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides. It is possible to maintain the population of organisms and control pests by the natural enemy organisms.
近年、天敵を中心としたＩＰＭ（総合的病害虫管理）が注目されている。当該ＩＰＭは、例えば、防除対象の害虫であるハダニ類やアザミウマ類を餌にするミヤコカブリダニ、スワルスキーカブリダニ、ククメリスカブリダニなどの多食性のカブリダニ類を天敵生物として利用する管理方法である。天敵生物は、本来の餌となる上記の害虫がいないか或いは少数である場合に、例えば、サトウダニやサヤアシニクダニのような、所謂餌ダニをその代替餌として与えると、増殖することが知られている。これらの餌ダニは、砂糖、小麦粉、きな粉、乾燥果実又はかつお節などの保存食品の害虫として見出される。餌ダニは、大量に増殖させることが可能であるため、理論上は、餌ダニを利用することで、天敵生物を大量に繁殖させることができる。しかし、餌ダニは、上記したように、天敵生物の本来の餌である害虫が活動する環境とは異なる、砂糖、小麦粉などがある環境で活発に活動するため、これらの餌ダニを天敵生物とともに作物上に施用したとしても、餌ダニの個体数を維持するのが難しく、害虫防除の目的で天敵生物の活動を十分に支えることはできなかった。 In recent years, IPM (Integrated Pest Management) centered on natural enemies has been attracting attention. The IPM is a management method for utilizing polyphagous red spider mite such as spider mite and thrips, which are pests to be controlled, as a natural enemy organism, such as red spider mite, Swarsky spider mite, and Kukumerisuka buri mite. Natural enemy organisms are known to multiply when so-called prey mites, such as sugar mites and scabbard mites, are given as alternative foods when the above-mentioned pests that are the original food are absent or in small numbers. .. These prey mites are found as pests in preserved foods such as sugar, wheat flour, soybean flour, dried fruits or dried bonito flakes. Since prey mites can be propagated in large numbers, theoretically, prey mites can be used to breed large numbers of natural enemy organisms. However, as mentioned above, prey mites actively act in an environment with sugar, flour, etc., which is different from the environment in which pests that are the original prey of natural enemy organisms are active. Even when applied on crops, it was difficult to maintain the population of prey mites, and it was not possible to sufficiently support the activities of natural enemy organisms for the purpose of pest control.
上記の場合に、天敵生物の個体数を維持するため、これらの餌ダニを追加的に作物に施用する方法も考えられているが、その作業は煩雑であり現実的でない。また、天敵生物を用いた害虫防除方法と化学農薬による害虫防除方法とを組み合わせるためには天敵生物及び餌ダニを追加する頻度を増やす必要があり、費用が増大する。このような問題を解決するべく、例えば、特許文献１では、保湿剤、水、天敵、天敵の餌となる餌昆虫、餌昆虫の餌となるカビを培養するための培地及び天敵の産卵基質を包括する容器で構成された天敵増殖装置が提案されている。 In the above case, in order to maintain the population of natural enemy organisms, a method of additionally applying these prey mites to crops has been considered, but the work is complicated and impractical. In addition, in order to combine the pest control method using natural enemy organisms and the pest control method using chemical pesticides, it is necessary to increase the frequency of adding natural enemy organisms and prey mites, which increases the cost. In order to solve such a problem, for example, in Patent Document 1, a moisturizing agent, water, a natural enemy, a prey insect that feeds on a natural enemy, a medium for culturing a mold that feeds on a prey insect, and an egg-laying substrate of the natural enemy are used. A natural enemy breeding device consisting of a comprehensive container has been proposed.
また、樹木や作物に寄生する害虫を駆除する方法として、特許文献２では、殺虫剤を可塑性の基材に含有させ（浸み込ませ）、防水層で覆った状態で樹木や作物の一部に取り付け、その内部に侵入した害虫を駆除する方法が提案されている。 Further, as a method for exterminating pests parasitizing trees and crops, in Patent Document 2, a part of trees and crops is contained (soaked) in a plastic base material and covered with a waterproof layer. A method has been proposed in which the pests that have invaded the interior of the plant are exterminated.
しかしながら、本発明者らの検討によれば、特許文献１に開示された装置は、構造が複雑かつ大掛かりであり、その割には天敵生物の生息環境（定住性）の面で必ずしも十分に満足し得るものではなかった。また、当該装置では、天敵生物、特に天敵生物の餌となる餌ダニの増殖維持に必要となる適度な湿度の保持のために、乾燥が継続する場合は装置の上又は注水孔から適宜水を補填するなど、煩雑な操作を要する。また、保湿剤として、綿状パルプやアルギン酸ナトリウムなどを使用しており、これらの保湿剤に水を添加すると、装置内は水滴が存在した状態になり、水滴があるとその方向に集まる習性がある天敵生物や餌ダニは水滴中で死んでしまうことがある。体長が小さい天敵生物及びその餌となる餌ダニが水滴中で死んでしまわないよう、その生息環境における水滴の存在は避けなければならない。 However, according to the study by the present inventors, the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a complicated structure and a large scale, and for that reason, it is not always sufficiently satisfactory in terms of the habitat (settlement) of natural enemy organisms. It wasn't possible. In addition, in order to maintain the appropriate humidity required to maintain the growth of prey mites that feed on natural enemy organisms, especially natural enemy organisms, the device should appropriately pour water on the device or through the water injection hole if drying continues. Complicated operations such as compensation are required. In addition, cotton-like pulp, sodium alginate, etc. are used as moisturizers, and when water is added to these moisturizers, water droplets exist in the device, and if there are water droplets, they tend to gather in that direction. Some natural enemy creatures and prey mites can die in water droplets. The presence of water droplets in their habitat must be avoided so that small natural enemy organisms and their prey mites do not die in the water droplets.
また、天敵生物を利用するＩＰＭ（総合的病害虫管理）では、広い作物栽培圃場に多数の天敵生物の保護装置を設置する必要があることから、使用する装置は、安価であることに加えて、作業者に与える負荷（手間）を極力軽減し、省力化を達成した構成のものであることが望まれる。この点からも、装置を設置した後、より長期間にわたって、持続的に且つ安定して天敵生物を装置から放飼することができれば、装置を頻繁に取り換える必要がなくなり、作業者における装置の取り換えの手間が軽減され、大幅な省力化を達成でき、極めて有用である。 In addition, IPM (Integrated Pest Management), which uses natural enemy organisms, requires the installation of a large number of protection devices for natural enemy organisms in a large crop cultivation field, so the equipment used is inexpensive and in addition to being inexpensive. It is desirable that the configuration is such that the load (labor) given to the worker is reduced as much as possible and labor saving is achieved. From this point as well, if the natural enemy organisms can be continuously and stably released from the device for a longer period of time after the device is installed, it will not be necessary to replace the device frequently, and the worker will replace the device. It is extremely useful because it saves a lot of labor and saves a lot of labor.
さらに、たとえ天敵生物の個体数維持又は増殖に有効な装置を提供できたとしても、当該装置が風雨や農薬の高圧散布に晒された場合、水や農薬の装置内への浸入や、当該装置自体が設置された樹木や作物から落下するといった問題が発生し、天敵生物の個体数が大幅に減少し、ひいては害虫を防除するとの目的を達成できなくなる。 Furthermore, even if an effective device for maintaining or multiplying the population of natural enemy organisms can be provided, if the device is exposed to wind and rain or high-pressure spraying of pesticides, water or pesticides may enter the device or the device may be used. Problems such as falling from the trees and crops in which it is installed will occur, the number of natural enemy organisms will decrease significantly, and the purpose of controlling pests will not be achieved.
特許文献２に記載された害虫の駆除方法は、殺虫剤（化学物質）を利用するものであり、特許文献２に記載された害虫の駆除材の中に侵入した害虫は駆除されるものの、本願発明のような天敵生物を利用するものではないため、その他の害虫は全く駆除できず、害虫防除の観点では満足し得るものではない。 The pest control method described in Patent Document 2 uses an insecticide (chemical substance), and although the pests that have invaded the pest control material described in Patent Document 2 are exterminated, the present application. Since it does not utilize natural enemy organisms as in the invention, other pests cannot be exterminated at all, and it is not satisfactory from the viewpoint of pest control.
本発明の目的は、上述の問題に鑑み、簡易な構成で、煩雑な維持管理操作を要せず、天敵生物の個体数を維持又は増殖させることができ、かつ、風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から天敵生物を保護することが可能な装置を用いることにより、害虫の防除に有効な天敵生物の個体数を維持し、当該天敵生物により効率的に害虫を防除する方法を提供することを目的としている。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to maintain or multiply the number of natural enemy organisms with a simple configuration without requiring complicated maintenance operations, and to spray wind and rain or pesticides at high pressure. To provide a method for maintaining the number of natural enemy organisms that are effective in controlling pests and controlling pests more efficiently by the natural enemy organisms by using a device that can protect the natural enemy organisms from the external environment. It is an object.
上記目的は、以下の本発明によって達成される。すなわち本発明によれば、以下の各態様が提供される。 The above object is achieved by the following invention. That is, according to the present invention, the following aspects are provided.
（１）微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、及び防水部材を含む装置を作物栽培圃場に設置し、当該装置中に備えた天敵生物を用いて害虫を防除する方法。
（２）前記装置が、更に樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を含み、当該部材を用いて樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置する、前記（１）に記載の方法。
（３）微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、防水部材、及び樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を含む装置を、樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置し、当該装置中に備えた天敵生物を用いて害虫を防除する方法。
（４）天敵生物、微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、防水部材及び樹木又は作物に設置するための部材を含む装置を樹木又は作物に設置し、前記天敵生物を用いて害虫を防除する方法。
（５）前記樹木又は作物の幹、枝又は茎に設置する、前記（２）～（４）のいずれかに記載の方法。
(1) A device including a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member is installed in a crop cultivation field, and pests are controlled by using the natural enemy organisms provided in the device. Method.
(2) The device further includes a member for installing on a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or an agricultural attracting wire, and the member is used to install on a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or an agricultural attracting wire. The method according to (1) above.
(3) A device including a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, a waterproof member, and a member for installing on a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or an agricultural lead wire, a tree. A method of controlling pests using natural enemy organisms installed in crops, agricultural stanchions or agricultural guide lines.
(4) A device including a natural enemy organism, a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, a waterproof member, and a member for installing on a tree or a crop is installed on the tree or the crop, and the natural enemy organism is said. How to control pests using.
(5) The method according to any one of (2) to (4) above, which is installed on the trunk, branch or stem of the tree or crop.
（６）前記天敵生物が、ミヤコカブリダニ、ケナガカブリダ二、ヘヤカブリダニ、スワルスキーカブリダニ、トウヨウカブリダニ、ククメリスカブリダニ、ニセラーゴカブリダニ、リモニカスカブリダニ、アンデルソニカブリダニ、フツウカブリダニ、キイカブリダニ、チリカブリダニ、ディジェネランスカブリダニ、コウズケカブリダニ、イチレツカブリダニ、及びトウナンカブリダニからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記（１）～（５）のいずれかに記載の方法。
（７）前記天敵生物が、ミヤコカブリダニ、スワルスキーカブリダニ、ククメリスカブリダニ、ニセラーゴカブリダニ、リモニカスカブリダニ又はトウナンカブリダニである、前記（１）～（６）のいずれかに記載の方法。
(6) The natural enemy organisms are Miyako Kaburidani, Kenaga Kaburidani, Haya Kaburidani, Swalski Kaburidani, Toyo Kaburidani, Kukumerisukaburi Dani, Niserago Kaburidani, Limonica Scabridani, Andersonica Bridani, Futsuukaburi Dani, Kiikaburi Dani, Chili Kaburidani, Di. The method according to any one of (1) to (5) above, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of Generance crab mite, Predatory mite, Predatory mite, and Predatory mite.
(7) The method according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein the natural enemy organism is Miyako Kaburidani, Swarsky Kaburidani, Kukumerisukaburidani, Niserago Kaburidani, Limonica scabridan or Tonan Kaburidani.
（８）前記微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材が、高分子ポリマー素材、不織布、パルプ、フェルト、ウレタンフォーム、フィルターマット、ウールマット、及びスポンジからなる群から選択さる少なくとも１種である、前記（１）～（７）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (8) The base material having a fine gap structure or pores is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polymer polymer material, a non-woven fabric, pulp, felt, urethane foam, a filter mat, a wool mat, and a sponge. , The method according to any one of (1) to (7) above.
（９）前記放湿性の保水材が、高吸水性樹脂である、前記（１）～（８）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (9) The method according to any one of (1) to (8) above, wherein the moisture-releasing water-retaining material is a highly water-absorbent resin.
（１０）前記防水部材が、ポリエチレン、及び塩化ビニールからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記（１）～（９）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (10) The method according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the waterproof member is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and vinyl chloride.
（１１）前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材が、紐、ゴム、面ファスナー、粘着テープ、針金、及びネットからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記（２）～（１０）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (11) The member to be installed on the tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire is at least one selected from the group consisting of a string, rubber, a hook-and-loop fastener, an adhesive tape, a wire, and a net. , The method according to any one of (2) to (10) above.
（１２）前記樹木又は作物が果樹類、野菜類、茶類、及び花卉類からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記（２）～（１１）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (12) The method according to any one of (2) to (11) above, wherein the tree or crop is at least one selected from the group consisting of fruit trees, vegetables, teas, and flowers.
（１３）前記害虫が、ハダニ類、アザミウマ類、コナジラミ類、ホコリダニ類、サビダニ類、及びアブラムシ類からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種である、前記（１）～（１２）のいずれかに記載の方法。 (13) The pest is at least one selected from the group consisting of spider mites, thrips, whiteflies, dust mites, rust mites, and aphids, according to any one of (1) to (12) above. The method described.
（１４）前記装置中に、天敵生物の餌を更に備えた、前記（１）～（１３）のいずれかに記載の方法。
（１５）前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線の表面と、当該表面の少なくとも一部を覆って配置された微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材との間に、放湿性の保水材を挟んで設置し、さらに前記基材を防水部材で覆って配置し、樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を用いて設置する、前記（２）～（１４）のいずれかに記載の方法。
（１６）前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線の表面を、微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、防水部材、及び樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材の全てを兼ね備えたもので覆って設置する、前記（２）～（１４）のいずれかに記載の方法。
（１７）前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線の表面を、放湿性の保水材を基材と防水部材の間に挟んで包装して成るシート状吸収性物品にて、防水部材が外側になるように覆って設置することからなる前記（１６）に記載の方法。
（１８）前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線の表面と、当該表面の少なくとも一部を覆って配置された微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材との間に、天敵生物が収容された収容体を挟んで設置する、前記（１５）又は（１７）に記載の方法。
(14) The method according to any one of (1) to (13) above, wherein the device is further provided with food for natural enemy organisms.
(15) Moisture release property between the surface of the tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire and a substrate having a minute gap structure or pores arranged so as to cover at least a part of the surface. The water-retaining material is sandwiched between the above-mentioned materials, and the base material is covered with a waterproof member, and the base material is covered with a waterproof member. The method according to any one of (14).
(16) On the surface of the tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire, a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, a waterproof member, and a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or The method according to any one of (2) to (14) above, wherein the member is covered with a member having all the members to be installed on the agricultural guide line.
(17) A waterproof member made of a sheet-like absorbent article in which the surface of the tree, crop, agricultural support or agricultural lead wire is packaged by sandwiching a moisture-releasing water-retaining material between a base material and a waterproof member. The method according to (16) above, which comprises covering and installing so as to be on the outside.
(18) A natural enemy organism between the surface of the tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire and a substrate having a minute gap structure or pores arranged so as to cover at least a part of the surface. The method according to (15) or (17) above, wherein the housing is installed by sandwiching the housing.
（１９）微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、及び防水部材を含む、天敵生物増殖用の装置。
（２０）樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を含む、前記（１９）に記載の天敵生物増殖用の装置。
(19) A device for breeding natural enemy organisms, which comprises a substrate having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member.
(20) The device for breeding natural enemy organisms according to (19) above, which includes a member for installing on a tree, a crop, an agricultural support or an agricultural lead wire.
（２１）天敵生物、微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、及び防水部材を含む、害虫防除用の装置。
（２２）樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を含む、前記（２１）に記載の害虫防除用の装置。
(21) A device for controlling pests, which comprises a natural enemy organism, a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member.
(22) The pest control device according to (21) above, which includes a member for installing on a tree, a crop, an agricultural support or an agricultural lead wire.
本発明によれば、天敵生物の個体数を維持又は増殖させ、かつ、風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から天敵生物を保護するための装置を提供し、その装置を利用することで、害虫の防除に有効な天敵生物の個体数を維持し、当該天敵生物により効率的に害虫を防除する方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a device for maintaining or multiplying the population of natural enemy organisms and protecting the natural enemy organisms from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides is provided, and the device is used. It is possible to maintain the number of natural enemy organisms effective in controlling pests and provide a method for efficiently controlling pests by the natural enemy organisms.
以下、本発明の「微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、及び防水部材を含む装置を作物栽培圃場に設置し、当該装置中に備えた天敵生物を用いて害虫を防除する方法（以下、本発明方法と記載する）」並びに「天敵生物、微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材、放湿性の保水材、及び防水部材を含む、害虫防除用の装置（以下、本発明装置と記載する）」について、好ましい実施形態を挙げて説明する。 Hereinafter, a device including the "base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member" of the present invention is installed in a crop cultivation field, and pests are used by using the natural enemy organisms provided in the device. (Hereinafter referred to as the method of the present invention) ”and“ A device for controlling pests including natural enemy organisms, a substrate having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member (hereinafter referred to as the method of the present invention). Hereinafter, the device of the present invention) ”will be described with reference to preferred embodiments.
（天敵生物）
本発明で用いることができる天敵生物としては、例えばカブリダニ科やナガヒシダニ科などの多食性のダニ類を挙げることができ、ミヤコカブリダニ、ケナガカブリダ二、ヘヤカブリダニ、スワルスキーカブリダニ、トウヨウカブリダニ、ククメリスカブリダニ、ニセラーゴカブリダニ、リモニカスカブリダニ、アンデルソニカブリダニ、フツウカブリダニ、キイカブリダニ、チリカブリダニ、ディジェネランスカブリダニ、コウズケカブリダニ、イチレツカブリダニ、トウナンカブリダニなどを好適例として挙げることができる。製品として入手できる天敵生物やインセクタリー植物に集めた天敵生物、土着の天敵生物などを用いてよい。本発明では、特に制限されないが、１）天敵生物自身を袋体などに入れずに直接本発明の装置に備えるようにしてもよいし、２）天敵生物を、その餌となる餌ダニなどと共に袋体に収容した収容体を本発明装置に備えるようにしてもよい。前記１）の具体例としては、天敵生物を袋体などに入れずに、本発明装置の微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材部分に直接つける方法が挙げられる。この方法としては、天敵生物がボトルに収容されている製品（例えば商品名：スワルスキー／アリスタライフサイエンス社製）から前記基材に天敵生物を接種する（ふりかける）方法が挙げられる。また、天敵生物を樹木又は作物の幹、枝、葉上、本発明装置に移動しうる範囲の土表又は草本、下草、花叢、或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線などに接種する方法が挙げられる。さらにまた、前記袋体や特願２０１６－１６２４７０号に記載の「天敵昆虫の保護装置」などを、天敵生物が本発明装置に移動しうる範囲の枝や農業用誘引紐などに吊り下げ又は幹や農業用支柱などに立て掛ける方法が挙げられる。前記２）の具体例としては、前記収容体を本発明装置内に設置する方法が挙げられる。この方法としては、天敵生物が、その餌となる餌ダニ、当該餌ダニの餌となるもの、増量剤などとともにパックに収容された製品（例えば商品名：スワルスキープラス／アリスタライフサイエンス社製又は商品名：スワルスキー・ブリーディングシステム／バイオベスト社製）を用いる方法が挙げられる。
(Natural enemy creatures)
Examples of natural enemy organisms that can be used in the present invention include polyphagous mites such as Phytoseiidae and Phytoseiidae. , Niserago mosquito, Limonica scab, Andersonica scab, Andersonica scab, Futsu scab, Kiika scab, Chili scab, Digenerance scab, Kozuke scab, Ichirets scab, Tonan scab, and the like can be mentioned as suitable examples. You may use natural enemy creatures that can be obtained as products, natural enemy creatures collected in in-sectorly plants, and indigenous natural enemy creatures. In the present invention, the present invention is not particularly limited, but 1) the natural enemy organism itself may be provided directly to the apparatus of the present invention without putting it in a bag or the like, or 2) the natural enemy organism may be provided together with a prey tick or the like as its prey. The device housed in the bag may be provided with the device of the present invention. As a specific example of the above 1), there is a method of directly attaching a natural enemy organism to a base material portion having a minute gap structure or pores of the present invention device without putting it in a bag or the like. Examples of this method include a method of inoculating (sprinkling) the natural enemy organism on the base material from a product (for example, trade name: Swarsky / Arista Life Science Co., Ltd.) in which the natural enemy organism is contained in a bottle. In addition, a method of injecting a natural enemy organism into a tree or a crop trunk, a branch, a leaf, a soil surface or a herb, an undergrowth, a flower flora, an agricultural support or an agricultural guide line within a range that can be moved to the apparatus of the present invention can be mentioned. Be done. Furthermore, the bag body and the "protection device for natural enemy insects" described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-162470 are hung or trunked on branches, agricultural attractants, etc. within the range in which natural enemy organisms can move to the device of the present invention. And the method of leaning against agricultural columns. Specific examples of the above 2) include a method of installing the container in the apparatus of the present invention. As a method of this method, a product (for example, trade name: Swarsky Plus / Arista Life Science Co., Ltd.) in which a natural enemy organism is contained in a pack together with a prey mite that feeds the prey, a prey for the prey mite, a bulking agent, etc. Product name: Swalski bleeding system / manufactured by Biobest).
本発明では天敵生物の活動を支えるために、天敵生物の餌として、前述した餌ダニの他、花粉、糖や蜜などの糖類、又はカビなどを利用することができる。餌ダニとしては、サトウダニ、サヤアシニクダニ、ケナガコナダニなどを挙げることができる。餌ダニに加えて、餌ダニの餌となるフスマ、砂糖などを併用してもよい。花粉としては、例えば、Ｂｉｏｂｅｓｔ社製の商品名「Ｎｕｔｒｉｍｉｔｅ」を用いることができる。 In the present invention, in order to support the activities of natural enemy organisms, pollen, sugars such as sugar and nectar, molds and the like can be used as food for natural enemy organisms in addition to the above-mentioned prey mites. Examples of the prey mites include sugar mites, Sayaashinikku mites, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae mites. In addition to the prey mites, fusuma, sugar, etc., which are the prey for the prey mites, may be used in combination. As the pollen, for example, the trade name "Nutrimite" manufactured by Biobest can be used.
（微小な間隙構造、凹凸又は細孔を有する基材）
本発明で用いることができる微小な間隙構造、凹凸又は細孔を有する基材（以下、基材とも記載する）は、天敵生物が入れる程度の空間を有するもの、また、その内部で天敵生物が産卵できる程度の空間を有するものが挙げられる。細孔は、基材を貫通するものであってもなくてもよいが、貫通するものが好ましい。具体的には以下に示す素材から適宜選択し基材を形成することができるが、素材そのもの自体が微小な間隙構造、凹凸又は細孔を有するものであっても、組み合せにより集積体とし、微小な間隙構造凹凸又は細孔を有する構造を作り出してもよい。微小な間隙構造凹凸又は細孔を有する素材としては、例えば高分子ポリマー素材、不織布（ポリエステルやポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン製、ポリエチレンやナイロンなどの合成樹脂製など）、パルプ、フェルト、ウレタンフォーム、フィルターマット、ウールマット、スポンジ、海綿又はスウェードなどが挙げられる。前記集積体としては、例えば人工芝、藁、たわし、フランネル、毛糸、面ファスナー、ネット、麻布、ガーゼ、毛織物、寒冷紗又は綿フラノなどの紙などが挙げられ、不織布やパルプが集積体と解釈される場合もある。また、前述したものを適宜組み合わせて用いることも可能であり、例えば面ファスナーに毛糸、麻布、ガーゼなどを付着させ基材として用いることもできる。また、天敵生物などを収容した収容体も上記素材を有してよく、前記収容体を用いる際に、更に他の基材を用いてよい。
(Substrate with minute gap structure, unevenness or pores)
The base material having a minute gap structure, unevenness or pores (hereinafter, also referred to as a base material) that can be used in the present invention has a space sufficient for a natural enemy organism to enter, and the natural enemy organism is inside the base material. Some have enough space to lay eggs. The pores may or may not penetrate the substrate, but those that penetrate are preferable. Specifically, the base material can be formed by appropriately selecting from the materials shown below, but even if the material itself has a minute gap structure, unevenness or pores, it can be combined into an aggregate to form a minute amount. A structure having various gap structure irregularities or pores may be created. Materials with minute gap structure irregularities or pores include, for example, polymer polymer materials, non-woven fabrics (polyolefins such as polyester and polypropylene, synthetic resins such as polyethylene and nylon), pulps, felts, urethane foams, and filter mats. , Wool mat, sponge, sponge or suede and the like. Examples of the aggregate include artificial turf, straw, scrubbing brush, flannel, yarn, surface fastener, net, linen cloth, gauze, woolen fabric, cold cloth, cotton furano and other papers, and non-woven fabric and pulp are interpreted as the aggregate. In some cases. Further, it is also possible to use the above-mentioned ones in an appropriate combination, and for example, it is also possible to attach yarn, linen cloth, gauze or the like to a hook-and-loop fastener and use it as a base material. Further, the accommodating body containing the natural enemy organism or the like may also have the above-mentioned material, and when the accommodating body is used, another base material may be used.
本発明における基材の間隙又は細孔の大きさは、用いる天敵生物の種類に応じ適切な大きさが変わるため一概に規定できないが、例えば０．０５～１０mm程度、望ましくは０．１～３mm程度の幅又は直径を有する基材を使用することができる。 The size of the gaps or pores of the base material in the present invention cannot be unconditionally defined because the appropriate size varies depending on the type of natural enemy organism used, but is, for example, about 0.05 to 10 mm, preferably 0.1 to 3 mm. A substrate having a degree of width or diameter can be used.
基材自体の大きさは特に制限されるものではないが、例えば、前記天敵生物がパックに収容された製品と同程度の大きさ～やや大き目であってもよく、また、本発明装置の設置対象となる樹木又は作物の幹、枝、茎を挟んだり、それらに巻きつけたりすることが可能な程度の大きさを有するものであってもよい。 The size of the base material itself is not particularly limited, but for example, the size may be the same as or slightly larger than the product in which the natural enemy organism is contained in the pack, and the device of the present invention may be installed. It may be large enough to pinch or wrap the trunk, branches, or stems of the tree or crop of interest.
（放湿性の保水材）
本発明で用いることができる放湿性の保水材（以下、保水材とも記載する）としては、水を吸収し、放湿性の性質を有するものであればよく、例えば園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂や紙オムツなどで使用される高吸水性樹脂が挙げられる。また、これら以外にも、例えば、寒天、マンナン、アガー、ゼラチン、ペクチンなどの自然由来物のほか、それら自然由来物などから作られたゲル化剤や増粘剤なども利用することができる。前記高吸水性樹脂、自然由来物、ゲル化剤又は増粘剤は、水を含ませた状態で、本発明装置内に設置することができる。本発明装置内に保水材を設置することにより、当該装置内の湿度（相対湿度、以下同様）を望ましくは７０％以上、さらに望ましくは８０％以上の高湿度環境とすることができ、これにより天敵生物又はその餌となる餌ダニにとって好適な生息環境となる。前記天敵生物又はその餌ダニは高湿度環境を好み、捕食活動や産卵活動が活発になることから、保水材を設置することは、それらの個体数の増殖・維持に有効である。特に、保水材と前記基材とを組み合わせて本発明装置内に設置することにより、天敵生物又はその餌ダニの生育環境の提供と、産卵活動の促進をはかることが可能となり、それらの個体数の増殖・維持に極めて有効である。
(Moisture-releasing water-retaining material)
The moisture-releasing water-retaining material (hereinafter, also referred to as a water-retaining material) that can be used in the present invention may be any material that absorbs water and has a moisture-releasing property, for example, high water absorption developed for gardening. Examples thereof include highly water-absorbent resins used in sex resins and paper diapers. In addition to these, for example, naturally derived substances such as agar, mannan, agar, gelatin, and pectin, as well as gelling agents and thickeners made from these naturally derived substances can be used. The highly water-absorbent resin, a naturally derived product, a gelling agent or a thickener can be installed in the apparatus of the present invention in a state of being impregnated with water. By installing the water-retaining material in the device of the present invention, the humidity (relative humidity, the same applies hereinafter) in the device can be preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more in a high humidity environment. It is a suitable habitat for natural enemy organisms or prey mites that feed on them. Since the natural enemy organisms or their prey mites prefer a high humidity environment and predation activity and spawning activity become active, it is effective to install a water-retaining material for the growth and maintenance of their populations. In particular, by combining the water-retaining material and the base material and installing them in the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to provide a growth environment for natural enemy organisms or their prey mites and promote spawning activities, and the number of individuals thereof. It is extremely effective for the growth and maintenance of.
前記した園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂は、水を含ませて膨潤させた状態で本発明装置内に設置するといった、使用者にとって簡便な方法で使用することが可能である。このような簡便な使用方法でありながら、天敵生物又はその餌ダニが生息する空間内の湿度を前記した適切な状態に保つことができる。園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂は、水で膨潤された後は水蒸気の状態で放湿するものであり、たとえ水を好む天敵生物や餌ダニが集まってきたとしても、その表面をそれらが歩行することも可能であり、決して水滴中で死んでしまうようなことはない。このような保水材を使用することは、天敵生物又はその餌ダニの増殖を持続的に可能とする生息環境を提供する上で重要な要素の１つである。 The highly water-absorbent resin developed for horticulture described above can be used by a method convenient for the user, such as installing it in the apparatus of the present invention in a state of being inflated with water. Despite such a simple usage, the humidity in the space where the natural enemy organism or its prey mite inhabits can be maintained in the above-mentioned appropriate state. Highly water-absorbent resins developed for horticulture release moisture in the form of water vapor after being swollen with water, and even if water-loving natural enemies and prey mites gather, they will be exposed to their surface. Can walk and never die in water droplets. The use of such water-retaining materials is one of the important factors in providing a habitat that enables the sustainable growth of natural enemy organisms or their prey mites.
前記した園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂としては、代表的なものとしてはポリアクリル酸塩架橋体からなるものが挙げられる。これらは、クリスタルソイルなどの名称でも販売されており、本発明では、このような製品に水を含ませて膨潤させたものを用いることができる。当該高吸水性樹脂としては、前記した材質で、直径０．５～３ｍｍ、望ましくは１～２ｍｍに粒子状に成型したものが挙げられ、これを水で膨潤したものをそのまま、或いは、透湿性フィルム、不織布、ナイロン製ネット（例えば、商品名テトロンゴース）又はプラスチック製ネットなどの包装体に封入して用いることができる。また、前記直径に満たない小粒径の高吸水性樹脂の場合は、前記包装体に封入し、高吸水性樹脂の集積体として用いることができる。この際、当該包装体自体の網目の大きさが０．５ｍｍを超えないもの、より望ましくは０．１ｍｍを超えないものを用いることにより、天敵昆虫やその餌ダニが集積体内部へ侵入し、その中で死亡してしまうことを回避できる。また前記高吸水性樹脂は、予め吸水された状態で市販されているものを利用することもでき、吸水後の直径は概ね１０～１５ｍｍ程度であり、この大きさのものであれば、通常０．８～１．０ｇの水分を含んでいる。前記高吸水性樹脂の放湿量は０．０１～０．５ｇ／個／日、望ましくは０．０５～０．２ｇ／個／日である。この放湿量は、２０℃、湿度７５％における値である。放湿量の具体的な測定方法としては、吸水させた高吸水性樹脂を、２０℃、湿度７５％の恒温恒湿器内に１日間静置し、初期の重量と放湿後の重量の差を測定することにより算出できる。 Typical examples of the highly water-absorbent resin developed for the above-mentioned horticulture include those made of a crosslinked polyacrylic acid salt. These are also sold under names such as crystal soil, and in the present invention, such products that have been soaked in water and swollen can be used. Examples of the highly water-absorbent resin include the above-mentioned materials molded into particles having a diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm, which are swollen with water as they are or have moisture permeability. It can be used by encapsulating it in a package such as a film, a non-woven fabric, a nylon net (for example, trade name Tetron Gorse) or a plastic net. Further, in the case of a highly water-absorbent resin having a small particle size less than the diameter, it can be enclosed in the package and used as an aggregate of the highly water-absorbent resin. At this time, by using a package in which the mesh size of the package itself does not exceed 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm, natural enemy insects and their prey mites invade the inside of the aggregate. You can avoid dying in it. Further, as the highly water-absorbent resin, one commercially available in a state where water has been absorbed in advance can be used, and the diameter after water absorption is about 10 to 15 mm, and if it is of this size, it is usually 0. It contains 0.8-1.0 g of water. The moisture release amount of the highly water-absorbent resin is 0.01 to 0.5 g / piece / day, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 g / piece / day. This amount of moisture released is a value at 20 ° C. and 75% humidity. As a specific method for measuring the amount of moisture released, a highly water-absorbent resin that has been absorbed is allowed to stand in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 20 ° C. and a humidity of 75% for one day, and the initial weight and the weight after moisture release are measured. It can be calculated by measuring the difference.
前記した園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂（予め吸水された状態のものを含む）は、具体的には市販されている、例えば、三洋化成製のアクアパール（商品名）やサンウェット（商品名）；株式会社大創産業が販売するジュエルポリマーパール（商品名）などが使用できる。これらの高吸水性樹脂は、水を加えることで１００倍以上に膨潤し、内部に多くの水を保水できる一方、放湿性を示す。本発明において、高吸水性樹脂製のボール（球）を使用する場合は、水を加えて膨潤させた状態で水滴を切って使用することが重要である。その理由は、先に述べたように、装置内に水滴が存在すると、天敵生物や餌ダニが水滴に向かって集まり、水滴中で死んでしまうことがあるため、増殖を安定して維持できなくなるからである。前記高吸水性樹脂製のボール（球）は、水を加えて膨潤させた状態のものを、そのまま本発明装置内に設置することが可能であり、また、水を加えて膨潤させた高吸水性樹脂製のボール（球）を複数で用いる場合は、それらを透湿性の袋などに封入された形態で、本発明装置内に設置することも可能である。 The highly water-absorbent resins (including those in a pre-absorbed state) developed for the above-mentioned horticulture are specifically commercially available, for example, Sanyo Kasei's Aqua Pearl (trade name) and Sun Wet (trade name). Product name); Jewel polymer pearl (product name) sold by Daiso Sangyo Co., Ltd. can be used. These highly water-absorbent resins swell 100 times or more when water is added, and while they can retain a large amount of water inside, they exhibit moisture release properties. In the present invention, when a ball made of a highly water-absorbent resin is used, it is important to cut water droplets in a swollen state by adding water. The reason is that, as mentioned earlier, if water droplets are present in the device, natural enemy organisms and prey mites may gather toward the water droplets and die in the water droplets, making it impossible to maintain stable growth. Because. The ball made of highly water-absorbent resin can be placed in the apparatus of the present invention as it is in a state of being swollen by adding water, and also has high water absorption by adding water and swollen. When a plurality of balls made of sex resin are used, they can be installed in the apparatus of the present invention in a form of being enclosed in a moisture-permeable bag or the like.
前記した紙オムツなどで使用される高吸水性樹脂としては、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリスルホン酸塩、無水マレイン酸塩、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルアルコール又はポリエチレンオキシドのような合成ポリマー系のもの、或いは、ポリアスパラギン酸塩、ポリグルタミン酸塩、ポリアルギン酸塩、デンプン、セルロース、吸収紙、綿状パルプのような天然物由来系のものが挙げられる。本発明では、これら高吸水性樹脂に水を含ませて膨潤させたものをそのまま、或いは、透湿性フィルム、不織布、ナイロン製ネット（例えば、商品名テトロンゴース）又はプラスチック製ネットなどの包装体に封入されたものを用いることができるが、当該高吸水性樹脂は微小径であるものが多く、包装体に封入されたものを用いることが取扱い上は望ましい。なお、包装体の表面が毛羽立って微小な間隙構造をつくるか、適当な凹凸を有する場合には、包装体は基材として機能することもできる。この際、当該包装体自体の網目の大きさが０．５ｍｍを超えないもの、より望ましくは０．１ｍｍを超えないものを用いることにより、天敵昆虫やその餌ダニが包装体内部へ侵入し、その中で死亡してしまうことを回避できる。また、本発明においては、紙オムツ自体を用いることができ、その場合、紙オムツは保水材である高吸水性樹脂を予め含んでいることから、使用時には紙オムツに吸水させればよい。紙オムツ（重量1０.５g）に１００gの水を吸湿させた場合の紙オムツ1個当りの放湿量は０．０１７ｇ／分である。この放湿量は、２５℃、湿度６５％における値である。放湿量の具体的な測定方法としては、吸水させた紙オムツを、２５℃、湿度６５％の恒温恒湿器内に６時間静置し、初期の重量と放湿後の重量の差を測定することにより算出できる。 The highly water-absorbent resin used in the above-mentioned paper omelets and the like includes synthetic polymers such as polyacrylic acid salt, polysulfonate, anhydrous maleate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide, or poly. Examples include those derived from natural products such as asparagate, polyglutamate, polyarginate, starch, cellulose, absorbent paper and cotton-like pulp. In the present invention, these highly water-absorbent resins soaked in water and swollen are used as they are, or in a package such as a moisture-permeable film, a non-woven fabric, a nylon net (for example, trade name Tetron Goose) or a plastic net. Although an enclosed resin can be used, many of the highly water-absorbent resins have a very small diameter, and it is desirable to use an enclosed resin in a package for handling. If the surface of the package is fluffy to form a minute gap structure or has appropriate irregularities, the package can also function as a base material. At this time, by using a package in which the mesh size of the package itself does not exceed 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm, natural enemy insects and their prey mites invade the inside of the package. You can avoid dying in it. Further, in the present invention, the paper diaper itself can be used. In that case, since the paper diaper contains a highly water-absorbent resin which is a water-retaining material in advance, the paper diaper may be made to absorb water at the time of use. When 100 g of water is absorbed into a disposable diaper (weight 10.5 g), the amount of moisture released per disposable diaper is 0.017 g / min. This amount of moisture released is a value at 25 ° C. and 65% humidity. As a specific method for measuring the amount of moisture released, a paper diaper that has absorbed water is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25 ° C and 65% humidity for 6 hours, and the difference between the initial weight and the weight after moisture release is measured. It can be calculated by measuring.
また保水材は、水や、水を含ませた状態の前記高吸水性樹脂、自然由来物、ゲル化剤又は増粘剤を、ポリエチレン製のフィルムに封入したもので、水蒸気を放出できるように当該フィルムに小孔を設け構成されたものであってもよい。 The water-retaining material is made by enclosing water, the highly water-absorbent resin in a water-soaked state, a naturally derived product, a gelling agent, or a thickener in a polyethylene film so that water vapor can be released. The film may be configured by providing small holes.
前述した通り、本発明においては、本発明装置内の湿度を、７０％以上の状態に、例えば３０日間維持することが望ましい。このためには、本発明装置内に配置させる保水材は、水蒸気を適切に放出し続けるものであることが重要である。このような機能を示す保水材として有用な高吸水性樹脂（高分子化合物）の素材としては、前記したようなものが挙げられる。中でも、周囲の温度に応じて水蒸気の放出が調節されるような機能性を示す、温度応答性の高分子化合物を利用することがより好ましい。具体的には、例えば、常温付近又はそれ以上の温度では水蒸気を放出し、常温を下回る温度、特に結露が懸念されるような温度では、水蒸気の放出が止まったり吸湿したりする機能性を示す高分子化合物を好適に利用できる。このような高分子化合物は市販のものを利用でき、商品毎に設定されている、放湿、吸湿温度を参考にして、本発明装置を適用する樹木又は作物や栽培施設の条件などに応じ適宜に選択して利用することが好ましい。この際、複数種の高分子化合物を併用することも好ましい形態である。また、前記した高吸水性樹脂（例えば高吸水性樹脂製のボール・球）は、吸水して膨潤した状態で本発明装置内に複数個を挿入した場合であってもその放湿量の総量は概ね一定であり、本発明装置内の湿度を所望の状態に維持するのに好適である。しかも、前記高吸水性樹脂を本発明装置内へ挿入する個数を調整することにより、所望の湿度を維持する期間を調整すること、例えば挿入する個数を増やせば、より長期間にわたり所望の湿度を維持することが可能となる。 As described above, in the present invention, it is desirable to maintain the humidity in the apparatus of the present invention at 70% or more, for example, for 30 days. For this purpose, it is important that the water-retaining material arranged in the apparatus of the present invention continuously releases water vapor appropriately. Examples of the material of the highly water-absorbent resin (polymer compound) useful as a water-retaining material exhibiting such a function include those described above. Above all, it is more preferable to use a temperature-responsive polymer compound that exhibits functionality such that the release of water vapor is regulated according to the ambient temperature. Specifically, for example, it exhibits the functionality of releasing water vapor at a temperature near or higher than normal temperature, and stopping the release of water vapor or absorbing moisture at a temperature below normal temperature, particularly at a temperature at which dew condensation is a concern. High molecular weight compounds can be preferably used. Commercially available such polymer compounds can be used, and as appropriate according to the conditions of the tree or crop to which the apparatus of the present invention is applied, the conditions of the cultivation facility, etc., with reference to the moisture release and moisture absorption temperatures set for each product. It is preferable to select and use it. At this time, it is also a preferable form to use a plurality of kinds of polymer compounds in combination. Further, the above-mentioned highly water-absorbent resin (for example, a ball or ball made of a highly water-absorbent resin) is the total amount of moisture released even when a plurality of the above-mentioned highly water-absorbent resin is inserted into the apparatus of the present invention in a state of absorbing water and swelling. Is generally constant and is suitable for maintaining the humidity in the apparatus of the present invention in a desired state. Moreover, by adjusting the number of the highly water-absorbent resins to be inserted into the apparatus of the present invention, the period for maintaining the desired humidity can be adjusted. It will be possible to maintain.
本発明装置を、温室、ビニールハウスなどの施設内に設置し使用する場合、これらの施設内は、通常、湿度調整が行われないことが多い。そのため、本発明装置内の湿度を所望の範囲に保つことは、天敵生物の安定放飼のために極めて有用である。本発明装置によれば、その装置内の湿度を７０％以上、好ましくは８０％以上、さらに好ましくは８５％以上に、少なくとも３０日間維持することができる。保水材の使用量などの具体的な手段は、前記装置の大きさ、それに用いる材質の違いなどにより異なり、一概に規定することは難しいが、例えば、本発明装置内の湿度を７０％以上に３０日間以上維持することは、保水材を、水を含んだ状態の重量で、通常０．８～１０００ｇ、好ましくは４～２００ｇとなるよう前記装置内に載置することで実現できる。園芸用に開発された高吸水性樹脂を保水剤とした本発明装置の場合には、通常０．８～２０ｇ、好ましくは４～１０ｇとなるよう前記装置内に載置することで実現できる。なお、保水材の量が多くなればなるほど、多量の水を含むことができるため、本発明装置内の湿度をより長期間７０％以上に維持できる。従って、水を含んだ状態での保水材の重量は上記例示に限定されない。 When the apparatus of the present invention is installed and used in facilities such as greenhouses and greenhouses, humidity control is not usually performed in these facilities in many cases. Therefore, keeping the humidity in the apparatus of the present invention within a desired range is extremely useful for stable release of natural enemy organisms. According to the apparatus of the present invention, the humidity in the apparatus can be maintained at 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more for at least 30 days. Specific means such as the amount of water-retaining material used differs depending on the size of the device and the material used for it, and it is difficult to unconditionally specify it. For example, the humidity in the device of the present invention should be 70% or more. The maintenance for 30 days or more can be realized by placing the water-retaining material in the apparatus so that the weight in a water-containing state is usually 0.8 to 1000 g, preferably 4 to 200 g. In the case of the apparatus of the present invention using a highly water-absorbent resin developed for horticulture as a water-retaining agent, it can be realized by placing it in the apparatus so that the amount is usually 0.8 to 20 g, preferably 4 to 10 g. As the amount of the water-retaining material increases, a large amount of water can be contained, so that the humidity in the apparatus of the present invention can be maintained at 70% or more for a longer period of time. Therefore, the weight of the water-retaining material in the state of containing water is not limited to the above example.
（防水部材）
本発明において、防水部材を設けることにより、本発明装置を樹木又は作物に設置した後の、風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から当該装置（その内部の天敵生物）を保護することができる。防水部材を構成する材料としては、不透水性のものであればよく、例えば、ポリエチレンや塩化ビニールなどを素材とするものが挙げられる。本発明において防水部材は、前記素材のものをシート状、フィルム状、テープ状に形成したものが好適に利用され、例えば、養生テープが挙げられる。防水部材の大きさは、本発明装置に設置される基材及び保水材を覆う程度の大きさがあればよく、設置する対象の樹木や作物の種類や生育程度に応じ適宜調整することができる。また、防水部材を複数組み合わせたり、複数層に重ねたりして使用することにより、或いは、例えばテープ状の防水部材を樹木又は作物巻きつけて使用することにより、前記基材及び保水材を覆うことも可能である。
(Waterproof member)
In the present invention, by providing the waterproof member, the device (natural enemy organisms inside the device) can be protected from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides after the device of the present invention is installed on a tree or a crop. .. The material constituting the waterproof member may be any material that is impermeable, and examples thereof include materials made of polyethylene, vinyl chloride, and the like. In the present invention, as the waterproof member, a sheet-shaped, film-shaped, or tape-shaped waterproof member is preferably used, and examples thereof include curing tape. The size of the waterproof member may be large enough to cover the base material and the water-retaining material installed in the apparatus of the present invention, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the type and growth degree of the tree or crop to be installed. .. Further, the base material and the water-retaining material may be covered by using a plurality of waterproof members in combination or stacking them in a plurality of layers, or by using, for example, a tape-shaped waterproof member wrapped around a tree or a crop. Is also possible.
（樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材）
本発明で用いることのできる樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材は、本発明装置を樹木又は作物（特に、それらの幹、枝、茎）、或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置又は固定することができる部材（以下、設置部材と記載する）であれば、特に制限されず、例えば紐、ゴム、面ファスナー、粘着テープ、針金、ネットなどが挙げられる。設置部材は、本発明装置を設置する対象の樹木や作物の種類や生育程度に応じ、適切な種類や大きさのものを選択することができる。
(Members for installation on trees, crops, agricultural stanchions or agricultural lead lines)
A member for installing a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or an agricultural lead wire that can be used in the present invention can be used to attach the device of the present invention to a tree or a crop (particularly, its trunk, branch, stem), or an agricultural strut. Alternatively, the member is not particularly limited as long as it is a member that can be installed or fixed to the agricultural guide wire (hereinafter referred to as an installation member), and examples thereof include a string, rubber, a hook-and-loop fastener, an adhesive tape, a wire, and a net. .. As the installation member, an appropriate type and size can be selected according to the type and growth degree of the tree or crop to which the apparatus of the present invention is installed.
（その他の態様）
本発明において、基材、保水材、防水部材、設置部材及び包装材の一部又は全ての機能を兼ね備えたものを用いてもよい。例えば、紙オムツ、尿取りパット、生理用品などのような、放湿性の保水材を基材と防水部材の間に挟んで包装して成るシート状吸収性物品は、列記された5種の材料の全ての機能を備えている。該吸収性物品は、一般に不織布；高吸水性樹脂、吸収紙、綿状パルプなどの保水材；ポリエチレン又は塩化ビニール製のフィルムなどの防水部材；面テープや粘着テープなどの設置部材を備えている。該吸収性物品中の不織布と防水部材は、保水材の包装材としても機能するものである。また、防水部材と設置部材を兼ね備えたものとして、片面が撥水加工された粘着テープ（例えば市販の養生テープ）などが挙げられる。本発明では、これらを好適に利用することができる。なお、本発明装置として、上記シート状の吸収性物品を樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置する場合は、防水部材が外側になるように設置するのが好ましい。
(Other aspects)
In the present invention, a base material, a water-retaining material, a waterproof member, an installation member, and a packaging material having some or all of the functions may be used. For example, sheet-shaped absorbent articles such as disposable diapers, urine absorbing pads, sanitary products, etc., which are packaged by sandwiching a moisture-releasing water-retaining material between a base material and a waterproof member, are listed as five types of materials. It has all the functions of. The absorbent article generally comprises a non-woven fabric; a water-retaining material such as a highly absorbent resin, absorbent paper, cotton-like pulp; a waterproof member such as a film made of polyethylene or vinyl chloride; an installation member such as a face tape or an adhesive tape. .. The non-woven fabric and the waterproof member in the absorbent article also function as a packaging material for the water-retaining material. Further, as a thing having both a waterproof member and an installation member, an adhesive tape having a water-repellent finish on one side (for example, a commercially available curing tape) can be mentioned. In the present invention, these can be preferably used. When the sheet-shaped absorbent article is installed on a tree, a crop, an agricultural support or an agricultural guide wire as the apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable to install the waterproof member so as to be on the outside.
（害虫）
本発明方法において防除対象となる害虫としては、例えばハダニ類、アザミウマ類、コナジラミ類、ホコリダニ類、サビダニ類が挙げられる。
(pest)
Examples of the pests to be controlled in the method of the present invention include spider mites, thrips, whiteflies, dust mites, and rust mites.
（樹木又は作物）
本発明に係る樹木又は作物としては、例えば、マンゴー、ナシ、リンゴ、オウトウ、モモ、ブドウ、ビワ、イチジク、柑橘のような果樹類；トマト、ナス、キュウリ、ピーマン、メロン、スイカ、カボチャ、イチゴ、インゲンなどの野菜類；茶類；又はバラ、カーネーションなどの花卉類が挙げられ、前記した害虫が発生するような樹木又は作物に対して用いることができ、また当該害虫が発生する可能性がある場所で用いることができる。本発明装置を用いることで、前記害虫の発生の予防や防除をすることができる。
(Trees or crops)
Trees or crops according to the present invention include, for example, fruit trees such as mango, pear, apple, sweet potato, peach, grape, biwa, fig, citrus; tomato, eggplant, cucumber, pepper, melon, watermelon, pumpkin, strawberry. , Vegetables such as apples; teas; or flowers such as roses and carnations, which can be used for trees or crops where the above-mentioned pests occur, and the pests may occur. It can be used in a certain place. By using the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to prevent or control the outbreak of the pest.
（本発明装置の設置方法）
本発明装置は、天敵生物が風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から保護できるように設置される。例えば、基材及び保水材の外側に防水部材が配置され、草本や土表などに置いて設置される。または、基材及び保水材の外側に防水部材が配置され、設置部材を用いて作物栽培圃場にある樹木又は作物（特に、それらの幹、枝、茎）、或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置される。また、本発明装置は、天敵生物が増殖できるよう、餌ダニを装置内又は装置の外表面などに配置しても良い。樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に本発明装置を設置する場合、樹木、作物側或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線側（内側）に天敵生物、基材及び保水材が配置され、更にそれらを覆うように（外側に）防水部材が配置されるよう設置する。このような配置にすることで、装置内の天敵生物、基材及び保水材を風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から保護することができる。
(Installation method of the apparatus of the present invention)
The device of the present invention is installed so that natural enemy organisms can be protected from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides. For example, a waterproof member is arranged on the outside of the base material and the water-retaining material, and is placed on a herb or soil surface. Alternatively, a waterproof member is placed on the outside of the substrate and water-retaining material, and the installation member is used to make a tree or crop (especially their trunk, branch, stem) in the crop cultivation field, or an agricultural prop or an agricultural lead wire. Will be installed in. Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, prey mites may be placed inside the apparatus or on the outer surface of the apparatus so that natural enemy organisms can proliferate. When the device of the present invention is installed on a tree, a crop, an agricultural strut or an agricultural attracting wire, natural enemy organisms, a base material and a water retaining material are arranged on the tree, the crop side or the agricultural strut or the agricultural attracting wire side (inside). In addition, a waterproof member is installed so as to cover them (outside). With such an arrangement, the natural enemy organisms, the base material, and the water-retaining material in the device can be protected from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides.
本発明装置内の天敵生物、基材及び保水材の配置順序は特に制限されるものではなく、作物栽培圃場にある樹木又は作物側或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線側に任意の順序でそれら部材が配置されてよい。例えば、樹木又は作物側或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線側から順に、（１）天敵生物、基材及び保水材（但しこれらの配置順序は問わない）、（２）防水部材、（３）設置部材のように装置を樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置（固定）することができる。また、樹木又は作物側或いは農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線側から順に、（１）、（３）、（２）のように装置を設置（固定）することもできる。さらに、天敵生物（パックに収容された製品でもよい）と保水材を、基材や防水部材で挟んだり、包んだりした状態で設置することも可能である。例えば、放湿性の保水材を基材と防水部材の間に挟んだり、包んだりした状態のものに天敵生物を備えて設置でき、保水材を基材と防水部材の間に挟んで包装して成るシート状吸収性物品に天敵生物を備えて設置してもよい。また、前記基材として、本発明装置の設置対象となる樹木又は作物の幹、枝、茎或いは、農業用支柱又は農業用誘線を挟んだり、それらに巻きつけたりすることが可能な程度の大きさを有するものを用い、天敵生物（パックに収容された製品でもよい）と保水材と共に樹木又は作物の幹、枝、茎を挟んだり、それら樹木又は作物の幹、枝、茎或いは、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に巻きつけたりした状態で設置することも可能である。なお、本発明装置の設置方法は、天敵昆虫が保護されるような状態で草本や土表に置いても良い。 The arrangement order of the natural enemy organisms, the base material and the water-retaining material in the apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited, and they are arranged in any order on the tree or crop side in the crop cultivation field or on the agricultural support or the agricultural lead wire side. Members may be arranged. For example, (1) natural enemy organisms, base materials and water-retaining materials (however, the order of arrangement of these materials does not matter), (2) waterproof members, (3) in order from the tree or crop side or the agricultural support or agricultural lead wire side. The device can be installed (fixed) on trees, crops, agricultural stanchions or agricultural leads like installation members. In addition, devices can be installed (fixed) as in (1), (3), and (2) in order from the tree or crop side, the agricultural support, or the agricultural lead wire side. Furthermore, it is also possible to install the natural enemy organism (which may be a product contained in a pack) and the water-retaining material in a state of being sandwiched or wrapped with a base material or a waterproof member. For example, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material can be installed by sandwiching or wrapping it between the base material and the waterproof member with natural enemy organisms, and the water-retaining material can be wrapped by sandwiching it between the base material and the waterproof member. A natural enemy organism may be installed in a sheet-like absorbent article. Further, as the base material, the size is such that the trunk, branch, stem, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire of the tree or crop to which the apparatus of the present invention is installed can be sandwiched or wrapped around them. For sandwiching tree or crop trunks, branches, stems, or for agricultural use, along with natural enemy organisms (which may be products contained in packs) and water-retaining materials. It is also possible to install it in a state where it is wrapped around a support or an agricultural lead wire. In addition, the method of installing the apparatus of the present invention may be placed on a herb or soil surface in a state where natural enemy insects are protected.
本発明において紙オムツを用いる場合、それは基材、保水材、防水部材及び設置部材を兼ね備えたものであることから、ここへ天敵生物（パックに収容された製品でもよい）と水を加え、樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線など、作物栽培圃場に設置（付属の粘着テープで固定）することができる。 When a paper omelet is used in the present invention, it has a base material, a water-retaining material, a waterproof member, and an installation member. Can be installed (fixed with the attached adhesive tape) in crop cultivation fields such as crops, agricultural stanchions or agricultural lead wires.
上述する本発明装置は、天敵生物が風雨や農薬の高圧散布などの外部環境から保護できるように設置されるため、予め装置内に含まれておらず、後から備えた天敵生物をも増殖させることのできる天敵生物増殖用の装置としても用いることができる。 Since the above-mentioned device of the present invention is installed so that natural enemy organisms can be protected from the external environment such as wind and rain and high-pressure spraying of pesticides, it is not included in the device in advance, and the natural enemy organisms prepared later can also be propagated. It can also be used as a device for breeding natural enemy organisms.
本発明に関し、実施例で具体的に説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例によって限定的解釈を受けるものではない。 The present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples. The present invention is not subject to limited interpretation according to the following examples.
（実施例１）
天敵生物としてスワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤（商品名：スワルスキー・ブリーディングシステム、縦・横それぞれ６～７cmの大きさのティーバッグ形状の袋体に、スワルスキーカブリダニを２５０頭、餌ダニとしてのサトウダニを１０００～２０００頭、フスマを３ｇ収容）１個、保水材として１個あたり０．８～１．０ｇの水を吸水した高吸水性樹脂（商品名：ジュエルポリマーパール、株式会社大創産業製）１０個を用い、それらを微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材であるフェルト（１０cm×２０cm）で挟み、防水部材と設置部材を兼ねた養生テープでポットに植えたマンゴー（品種：アーウィン、高さ：８０～９０cm程度）の主幹に巻きつけ固定した。
マンゴーのポットを２連制で設け、互いに接触しないよう間隔をあけてガラス温室内に設置した。設置６日後及び１１日後に、マンゴーの全葉上のスワルスキーカブリダニの個体数を計測した。その結果を第１表に示す。この結果から、スワルスキーカブリダニが安定して放飼されていることがわかる。
また、設置１７日後に、上記スワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤中に生存しているスワルスキーカブリダニの個体数をパックを破き計測したところ７６頭（２つのパック製剤の合計数）であった。この結果から、スワルスキーカブリダニの有効数（生存数）が維持され、長期的に放飼可能であることがわかる。
(Example 1)
Packed formulation of Swarsky Kaburidani as a natural enemy (trade name: Swarsky bleeding system, tea bag-shaped bag with a size of 6 to 7 cm in length and width, 250 Swarsky Kaburidani, and sugar mites as prey mites. Highly water-absorbent resin (trade name: Jewel Polymer Pearl, manufactured by Daiso Sangyo Co., Ltd.) that absorbs 0.8 to 1.0 g of water per piece as a water-retaining material. Mango (variety: Irwin,) using 10 pieces, sandwiching them with felt (10 cm x 20 cm), which is a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, and planting them in a pot with a curing tape that also serves as a waterproof member and an installation member. It was wrapped around the main trunk (height: about 80 to 90 cm) and fixed.
Mango pots were set up in a double system and installed in a glass greenhouse at intervals so as not to touch each other. Six days and 11 days after installation, the population of Swarsky Kaburidani on the whole leaves of mango was measured. The results are shown in Table 1. From this result, it can be seen that the Swarsky Kaburidani is stably released.
In addition, 17 days after the installation, the number of surviving Swalsky Kaburidani in the pack formulation of the Swalski Kaburidani was measured by breaking the pack and found to be 76 (total number of the two pack formulations). From this result, it can be seen that the effective number (survival number) of Swarsky Kaburidani is maintained and that it can be released for a long period of time.
（実施例２）
天敵生物としてスワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤（商品名：スワルスキー・ブリーディングシステム）１個を、１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツ（商品名（登録商標）：マナーおむつ（超小型犬用）、第一衛材株式会社製）１個で挟み、ポットに植えたみかん樹（品種：宮川早生、高さ：８０～９０cm程度）の主幹に養生テープで巻きつけ固定した。パック製剤１個とペット用オムツ１個のセットを１樹に２セット固定した（発明区１）。１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツのみ２個をポットに植えたみかん樹の主幹に養生テープで巻きつけ固定し、スワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤２個をペット用オムツの上部に吊り下げた（発明区２）。また、ペット用オムツを使用しないことを除いて発明区２と同様のみかん樹の場所にスワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤２個を吊り下げた（比較区）。
前記みかん樹は、互いに接触しないよう間隔をあけてガラス温室内に設置した。設置１４日後、１８日後及び２３日後に、みかんの全葉上のスワルスキーカブリダニの個体数と害虫のミカンハダニ数を計測した。その結果を第２表に示す。この結果から、スワルスキーカブリダニが安定して放飼され、ミカンハダニの個体数が抑制されていることがわかる。
(Example 2)
As a natural enemy, one pack of Swarsky Kaburidani (trade name: Swarsky bleeding system) is used as a diaper for pets that absorbs 100 ml of water (trade name (registered trademark): Manor diaper (for ultra-small dogs), No. 1 It was sandwiched between one piece (manufactured by Ichie Material Co., Ltd.) and wrapped around the main trunk of a diaper tree (variety: Hayao Miyakawa, height: about 80 to 90 cm) planted in a pot with a curing tape and fixed. Two sets of one pack preparation and one pet diaper were fixed to one tree (Invention Zone 1). Only two pet diapers that had absorbed 100 ml of water were wrapped around the trunk of a mandarin tree planted in a pot with curing tape and fixed, and two pack formulations of Swarsky Kaburidani were hung on the top of the pet diaper (. Invention zone 2). In addition, two pack formulations of Swarsky Kaburidani were hung at the same place as the mandarin orange tree in the invention group 2 except that the diapers for pets were not used (comparative group).
The mandarin orange trees were placed in a glass greenhouse at intervals so as not to come into contact with each other. 14 days, 18 days and 23 days after installation, the number of Swarsky mosquito mites and the number of pests, Mikan spider mites, were measured on the whole leaves of mandarin oranges. The results are shown in Table 2. From this result, it can be seen that the Swarsky Kaburidani is stably released and the population of Mikan spider mites is suppressed.
上記の３つの試験区のパック製剤の近傍の温度及び湿度を自動温度湿度記録計を用いて測定した。発明区１と発明区２では、オムツの内部に自動温度湿度記録計のセンサーを設置した。比較区では、直射日光が当たらないようにして、パック製剤の近くにセンサーを設置した。その結果を第３表に示す。温度は試験区間で大きな差を認められなかったが、相対湿度は発明区１や発明区２の平均値、最低値は比較区に比べて高く、カブリダニや餌ダニの増殖にとって好適な環境であったことがわかる。 The temperature and humidity in the vicinity of the pack preparations in the above three test groups were measured using an automatic temperature / humidity recorder. In the invention zone 1 and the invention zone 2, the sensor of the automatic temperature / humidity recorder was installed inside the diaper. In the comparative plot, a sensor was installed near the pack formulation so that it would not be exposed to direct sunlight. The results are shown in Table 3. No significant difference was observed in the temperature in the test section, but the relative humidity was higher than the average value in the invention group 1 and the invention group 2, and the lowest value was higher than that in the comparative group, which was a suitable environment for the growth of fog and prey mites. I understand that.
（実施例３）
天敵生物としてスワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤（商品名：スワルスキー・ブリーディングシステム）１個を、１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツ（商品名：マナーおむつ（超小型犬用）、第一衛材株式会社製）１個で挟み、きゅうり（品種：半白節成、高さ：３０～６０cm程度）を植えたポットにさした支柱に養生テープで巻きつけ固定した（発明区３）。１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツのみ１個をポットにさした支柱に養生テープで巻きつけ固定し、スワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤１個をペット用オムツの上部の支柱に吊り下げた（発明区４）。また、ペット用オムツを使用しないことを除いて発明区４と同様の場所にスワルスキーカブリダニのパック製剤１個を吊り下げた（比較区）。各区連制は２とした。
前記きゅうりは、互いに接触しないよう間隔をあけてガラス温室内に設置した。設置９日後、１２日後及び１４日後に、きゅうり上のスワルスキーカブリダニの個体数を計測した。その結果（２連制の合計）を第４表に示す。発明区では、比較区と比べて多くのスワルスキーカブリダニが観測された。
(Example 3)
As a natural enemy creature, one pack of Swarsky Kaburidani (trade name: Swarsky bleeding system) is used as a diaper for pets (trade name: Manor diaper (for ultra-small dogs)) that absorbs 100 ml of water. It was sandwiched between one piece (manufactured by the company), and was fixed by wrapping it with a curing tape around a support in a pot in which a cucumber (variety: half-white knotsei, height: about 30 to 60 cm) was planted (Invention Zone 3). Only one pet diaper that had absorbed 100 ml of water was wrapped around a strut in a pot with curing tape to fix it, and one pack of Swarsky Kaburidani was hung on the upper strut of the pet diaper (invention). Ward 4). In addition, one pack preparation of Swarsky Kaburidani was hung in the same place as invented group 4 except that pet diapers were not used (comparative group). Each ward system was set to 2.
The cucumbers were placed in a glass greenhouse at intervals so that they would not come into contact with each other. The population of Swarsky Kaburidani on the cucumber was measured 9 days, 12 days and 14 days after installation. The results (total of two consecutive systems) are shown in Table 4. In the invention plot, more Swarsky mosquito mites were observed than in the comparative plot.
（実施例４）
天敵生物としてミヤコカブリダニのパック製剤（商品名：カルフォルニカス・ブリーディングシステム、バイオベスト社製、縦・横それぞれ６～７cmの大きさのティーバッグ形状の袋体に、ミヤコカブリダニを１００頭、餌ダニとしてのサヤアシニクダニを１０００～２０００頭、フスマを３ｇ収容）１個を、１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツ（商品名：マナーおむつ（超小型犬用）、第一衛材株式会社製）で挟み、きゅうり（品種：半白節成、高さ：３０～６０cm程度）を植えたポットにさした支柱に養生テープで巻きつけ固定した（発明区５）。１００mlの水を吸水させたペット用オムツのみ１個をポットにさした支柱に養生テープで巻きつけ固定し、ミヤコカブリダニのパック製剤１個をペット用オムツの上部の支柱に吊り下げた（発明区６）。また、ペット用オムツを使用しないことを除いて発明区６と同様の場所にミヤコカブリダニのパック製剤１個を吊り下げた（比較区）。各区連制は２とした。
前記きゅうりは、互いに接触しないよう間隔をあけてガラス温室内に設置した。設置９日後、１２日後及び１４日後に、きゅうり上のミヤコカブリダニの個体数を計測した。その結果（２連制の合計）を第５表に示す。発明区では、比較区と比べて多くのミヤコカブリダニが観測された。
(Example 4)
Packed formulation of Miyakokaburidani as a natural enemy (trade name: Californias bleeding system, manufactured by Biobest Co., Ltd., in a tea bag-shaped bag with a size of 6 to 7 cm in length and width, 100 Miyakokaburidani, prey ticks As a diaper for pets (trade name: Manor diaper (for ultra-small dogs), manufactured by Daiichi Mamoru Co., Ltd.) It was sandwiched and fixed by wrapping it with a curing tape around a support post placed in a pot in which a cucumber (variety: half-white knotsei, height: about 30 to 60 cm) was planted (Invention Zone 5). Only one pet diaper that had absorbed 100 ml of water was wrapped around a pillar in a pot with curing tape and fixed, and one pack of Miyako Kaburidani was hung on the upper pillar of the pet diaper (Invention Zone). 6). In addition, one pack preparation of Miyakokaburidani was hung in the same place as invented group 6 except that pet diapers were not used (comparative group). Each ward system was set to 2.
The cucumbers were placed in a glass greenhouse at intervals so that they would not come into contact with each other. The population of Miyakokaburi mite on the cucumber was measured 9 days, 12 days and 14 days after installation. The results (total of two consecutive systems) are shown in Table 5. In the invention plot, more Miyakokaburidani were observed than in the comparative plot.
本発明の活用例としては、農園芸分野での害虫管理、特に、天敵生物の利用を中心としたＩＰＭ（総合的病害虫管理）において、有効に用いられる。 As an example of utilization of the present invention, it is effectively used in pest management in the field of agriculture and horticulture, particularly in IPM (Integrated Pest Management) centered on the use of natural enemy organisms.
Claims (9)
前記装置が、更に樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を含み、当該部材を用いて樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置し、
前記装置中に、天敵生物の餌を更に備え、
前記樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線の表面と、当該表面の少なくとも一部を覆って配置された微小な間隙構造又は細孔を有する基材との間に、放湿性の保水材を挟んで設置し、更に前記基材を防水部材で覆って配置し、樹木、作物、農業用支柱又は農業用誘引線に設置するための部材を用いて設置する、前記方法。 It is a method of controlling pests by installing a device including a base material having a minute gap structure or pores, a moisture-releasing water-retaining material, and a waterproof member in a crop cultivation field and using the natural enemy organisms provided in the device. hand,
The device further comprises a member for installation on a tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire, which is used to install on a tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire.
Further feeding of natural enemy creatures is provided in the device.
A moisture-releasing water-retaining material between the surface of the tree, crop, agricultural strut or agricultural lead wire and a substrate having a micropore structure or pores arranged over at least a part of the surface. The above-mentioned method, wherein the base material is covered with a waterproof member, and the base material is covered with a waterproof member, and the base material is placed by using a member for installing on a tree, a crop, an agricultural support or an agricultural lead wire.
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| JP2005185222A (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Cats Agrisystems:Kk | Bag for releasing natural enemy |
| US20100024048A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2010-01-28 | Alk-Abello A/S | Method for mite production |
| JP2010187606A (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Agri Soken:Kk | Free-range device for enemy organism |
| WO2015022726A1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | 大協技研工業株式会社 | Natural enemy insect breeding device |
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| JP2005185222A (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Cats Agrisystems:Kk | Bag for releasing natural enemy |
| US20100024048A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2010-01-28 | Alk-Abello A/S | Method for mite production |
| JP2010187606A (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Agri Soken:Kk | Free-range device for enemy organism |
| WO2015022726A1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | 大協技研工業株式会社 | Natural enemy insect breeding device |
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