JP3952659B2 - Information recording / reproducing apparatus, recording method, and information recording medium - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an information recording / reproducing apparatus, a recording method, a reproducing method, and an information recording medium, and in particular, replacement processing performed for the purpose of guaranteeing data reproduction reliability when a recording medium is defective or damaged, or deteriorated during repeated rewriting. The present invention relates to an information recording / reproducing apparatus, a recording method, a reproducing method, and an information recording medium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Examples of a disk recording medium on which a replacement process for detecting a defective area generated on a recording medium and re-recording recording information in an area other than the defective area is performed include a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, and an optical disk. An example of a disk recording medium on which such replacement processing is performed is, for example, a DVD-RAM (digital versatile disk-random access memory). Regarding the replacement process and defect management method for this DVD-RAM, the technology is described in “Nikkei Electronics 1997.10.20 (no.701) pp.168-179”.
[0003]
According to the above known example, the area on the disc is divided into a plurality of zones, and each zone is used for a user area where information is normally recorded and a replacement process when a defect occurs on the disc. Divided into spare areas. Regarding the types of defects that occur on the disc, the primary defect including the initial defect found at the time of disc initialization and the information recorded after recording on the disc is read again to determine whether correct recording has been performed, that is, It is divided into secondary defects that are discovered when verification is performed. When the disk is initialized, the primary defect is determined to be a sector of the primary defect by, for example, a sector ID detection error indicating a physical address provided to indicate a recording area on the disk. The physical address included in the sector ID is registered in the primary defect list (PDL: primary defect list). When recording / reproducing information to / from the disc, when the sector corresponding to the physical address registered in the primary defect list is reached during recording / reproducing, information is recorded / reproduced by skipping the sector. The recording and reproduction of information are resumed and continued from the sector after the primary defective sector. A secondary defect is discovered by performing a re-verification for the purpose of ensuring sufficient reproduction reliability of recorded information after recording information on the disc. In the case of the DVD-RAM, secondary defects are found by adding error correction codes and decoding error correction codes for each 16-sector unit in which error correction processing performed at the time of reproduction is completed, that is, one correction block unit. A row in which the number of error bytes included in the number exceeds a certain number is determined to be defective, and the number of rows determined to be defective exceeds the threshold value with the number of defective rows included in one sector or the number of defective rows included in one correction block. In this case, the sector or the correction block itself is determined as a secondary defect. Sectors or correction blocks determined to be secondary defects are subject to replacement processing, and correction blocks including sectors determined to be defective or correction blocks themselves determined to be defective are provided in each zone on the disk. Alternately record in the spare area. Further, the physical address of the head sector included in the correction block determined to be a secondary defect and the physical address of the head sector included in the correction block recorded in the spare area by the replacement process are used as a secondary defect list (SDL: secondary defect list). ). During disk playback, playback stops when the secondary defect list reaches the first sector of the secondary defect, accesses the first sector for the replacement destination physical address in the spare area, and plays back the correction block. Playback is resumed from the sector following the correction block registered as the next defect, and playback is continued. As for the primary defect list and the secondary defect list, recording areas are provided in the innermost and outermost areas of the disc, and the newest primary defect list is found each time a new defective sector is found when recording information. Recorded and updated as a secondary defect list.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
With the recent increase in capacity of disc recording media, disc recording media are generated by video data, audio information, or compression processing that is transmitted continuously or intermittently in real time in addition to data information such as computer data. It is expected as a recording medium for recording compressed video information, compressed audio information, or stream information generated by time-division multiplexing such compressed video and compressed audio. As for data information, program data processed in a device connected to a recording / playback apparatus such as a computer, disc management information for managing recorded information on a disc as a file, management of an unrecorded area, Control information including the reproduction method, editing information, and the like for the recorded information. About these data information, although the amount of information is small, the importance of information is very high. For example, if the disc management information cannot be played back, it is unknown what is recorded on the disc and the recorded information cannot be played back, so the importance of the information is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to sufficiently secure the reproduction reliability of the data information. However, there is no restriction that data information must be recorded or reproduced at a certain amount of information at a certain time.
[0005]
On the other hand, the amount of stream information represented by video and audio is enormous and may be transmitted continuously or intermittently in real time such as digital broadcasting. When recording such stream information that is continuously or intermittently transmitted in real time on a disk recording medium, a certain amount of information is recorded or reproduced at a certain time, that is, a transfer rate is ensured. It is very important and is the maximum requirement for disc recording media. That is, a sufficient transfer rate is required for the input rate of stream information during recording, and a transfer rate capable of maintaining the output rate required for stream information is required during reproduction. On the other hand, in the reproduction of recorded stream information, even if a slight error occurs, it can be reproduced without any problem as long as it is within the correction capability range of the error correction code added at the time of recording. In this case, there is no problem except for special playback such as slow playback to the extent that frames are dropped over several frames of video frames. That is, the importance of information is low, and the reproduction reliability may be lower than that in the case of recording data information.
[0006]
However, in recent years, disk recording media have both the data information and stream information mentioned above as the targets of recording, and the recording method and reproduction depending on the properties of the respective recording information (the importance of information and the transfer rate) It is necessary to control the method. When the data information and the stream information are recorded on the same disk recording medium, for example, the information is recorded with emphasis on the reproduction reliability by performing the replacement process for the secondary defect mentioned in the prior art in the recording method. In this case, there is a problem that the worst transfer rate of the disk recording medium may be lower than the transmission rate of the stream information. In this case, the recording of the information on the disk recording medium is not in time for the transmission of the stream information, and the middle of the information is not recorded. Furthermore, the video and audio corresponding to the stream information are interrupted during reproduction. In particular, the recording / reproducing apparatus for the DVD-RAM described in the prior art is expected to frequently cause the above problem because the head seek time for reading information on the recording medium and the rotation establishment time of the disk recording medium are long. When simultaneous recording / reproduction is performed in which another recorded stream information is reproduced while recording the stream information even when the transfer rate of the disk recording medium is sufficiently higher than the transfer rate for the stream information. In addition, the above-mentioned problem frequently occurs when recording information having a higher transmission rate such as high-definition video information and close to the transfer rate for the disk recording medium.
[0007]
On the other hand, when recording is performed to prevent a decrease in the transfer rate of the disk recording medium by skipping only the primary defect without performing replacement processing for the secondary defect, for example, frequent rewriting to the same area on the disk, for example. When the data information playback signal deteriorates, or when a defect that is not registered in the primary defect list occurs in the area where the data information is recorded, the data information recording area If correction is impossible even after decoding, the data information cannot be used. For example, if the data information that has become uncorrectable is disk management information, normal access to or playback of files managed on the disk recording medium becomes impossible, or another recording information is accidentally overwritten when recording. Since it is recorded and valuable record information is lost, it becomes an unusable disc.
[0008]
Furthermore, the current recording / reproducing apparatus for the disk recording medium performs skip processing for the primary defect and replacement processing for the secondary defect regardless of the data information to be recorded and the stream information. Therefore, it is not suitable for recording stream information transmitted continuously or intermittently in real time. The above-described stream information and data are also used in a recording / reproducing apparatus using a fixed magnetic disk in which the disk recording medium cannot be exchanged with respect to a removable disk recording medium such as an optical disk or a magneto-optical disk represented by DVD-RAM. Similar problems occur when recording and reproducing information.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an information recording / reproducing apparatus, a recording / reproducing method, and an information recording medium that solve the above-described problems.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, an information recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording method for solving the above-described problems are obtained by a primary defect including an initial defect discovered at the time of initialization of a disk recording medium, and reproduction immediately after information recording. First information for requesting recording and reproduction of information of a certain amount of data with respect to a disk recording medium while managing secondary defects to be detected, and first information for requesting reproduction reliability of recording information for the recording medium When recording the information of 2, the first recording process for recording information while skipping at least the primary defect area for the first information, and at least the primary defect for the second information Immediately after recording information while skipping the area
Recording / reproducing apparatus for selectively executing each of the second recording processes for determining the secondary defect area by reproducing and recording the information by re-recording the information contained in the area in the replacement area in accordance with the recording command It is solved by configuring.
[0012]
Further, regarding the selection of the recording process at the time of recording information on the disk recording medium performed in the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the first recording command for instructing the selection of the first recording process and the selection of the second recording process are instructed. Selection is performed according to the second recording command. The selection of the playback process at the time of information playback from the disk recording medium is selected according to the first playback command for instructing the selection of the first playback process and the second playback command for instructing the selection of the second playback process. Done.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of an information recording / reproducing apparatus, recording method, reproducing method, and information recording medium according to the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are applied to the recording method. FIG. 4 shows an example of the rewritable information recording medium recorded by the recording method of the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows the reproduction of the information recording medium recorded by the recording method of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the method. FIG. 6 shows the recording of new information on the disk recording medium for the purpose of improving the reproduction reliability of the recorded information recorded by the recording method of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for rearranging recorded information performed while reproduction is not performed.
[0015]
First, a configuration example of the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a recording / playback apparatus connected to an external connection device such as a host computer or a broadcast receiver. In the figure, 1 is a disk recording medium on which information can be rewritten, 2 is 1 A head for writing / reading recorded information on a disk recording medium, 3 is a preamplifier for amplifying a read signal from the head 2, and 4 is at least an error correction code added to the recorded information at the time of recording, a modulation process, and a synchronization signal added. For example, a digital signal suitable for recording on the disk recording medium 1 is generated, and at the time of reproduction, at least the synchronization signal is detected, demodulated, and error-corrected by decoding the error-correcting code to the original information. The digital signal processing circuit to be restored, 5 is a memory required for executing each processing performed in the digital signal processing circuit 4, and 6 is An interface circuit that transfers data to and from the external connection device 8 during disk recording and playback, and receives a transfer command including a recording command and a playback command transferred from the external connection device 8. A system controller 8 that performs control is an external connection device that exchanges transfer data such as transfer commands, video, and audio streams with respect to the interface circuit 6 in the recording / reproducing apparatus. The transfer command received by the interface circuit 6 includes a recording command when recording information on the disk recording medium 1, and a playback command when reproducing information from the disk recording medium 1. Each reproduction command includes address information and transfer data amount (transfer sector number) for the access position of the head 2 on the disk recording medium. The transfer data from the external connection device 8 includes compressed stream data that is continuously or intermittently transferred in real time, such as video and audio information, and data associated therewith.
[0016]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example when the recording / reproducing apparatus for the disk recording medium 1 is provided with a circuit for executing compression processing and decompression processing for input video and audio, and is the same as the block diagram of FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 9 denotes video or audio compression that generates compressed stream data by compressing real-time compressed video data or compressed audio data for video or audio information that is continuously transmitted in real time. A circuit 10 performs a decompression process on the compressed stream information recorded on the disk recording medium 1, and outputs an original video and audio information to be output back to the original video and audio information. This is a selector for selecting information to be recorded on the disk recording medium 1 for each of the compressed stream, external data input, and external compressed stream.
[0017]
Further, an example of the structure of the disk recording medium 1, area division, and recorded information recorded in the divided areas will be described with reference to FIG. 4A shows the physical structure and area division of the disk recording medium 1 and the contents of each structure, and FIG. 4B shows the logical area in the disk recording medium 1 as viewed from the external connection device in FIG. The structure of division and recording information is shown. In FIG. 4A, the lead-in area, the data area, and the lead-out area are roughly divided into disc information, disc information storing information indicating the disc type such as disc identification information, and disc recording medium. A primary defect list in which a physical address for a primary defect area including an initial defect discovered at the time of initialization is registered, and a physical address for a secondary defect area discovered by verification performed after recording information on a disk recording medium, And at least a DMA (defect management area) which is a recording area of a secondary defect list in which each of the replacement start physical addresses is registered when the replacement processing is performed on the recording information included in the secondary defect area. The Here, the primary defect area is constituted by, for example, a sector unit which is a recording unit on the disk recording medium, and the secondary defect area is constituted by a correction block unit in which error correction processing is completed. Furthermore, the lead-out area is composed of at least a DMA area in which the same primary defect list and secondary defect list as the DMA in the lead-in area are stored. Furthermore, it is an area between the lead-in area and the lead-out area, and constitutes a data area that is a recording area for information on the disk recording medium 1. The data area is further divided into a plurality of zones at regular intervals, and is divided into zone 0 to zone N (N is a positive integer). Each zone is further divided into a user area and a spare area. The user area is a normal recording area for information, and the spare area is reserved for performing a replacement process for an area where a secondary defect has occurred, or a primary defect. This area is reserved to make up for the user area that is reduced by the discovery of the user. The physical address that identifies the position in the physical area is assigned a continuous physical address number from the beginning of the lead-in area to the end of the lead-out area, and the recording / playback device starts recording and playback by detecting the physical address. Specify the position and end position.
[0018]
The logical area shown in FIG. 4B corresponds to the data area shown in FIG. 4A, and forms a continuous logical area with user areas included in each zone from the beginning to the end of the data area. The logical area occupies at least a storage area for information necessary for managing and managing recorded information in the physical area as a file in the logical area, such as a volume descriptor and a management table, a file corresponding to the recorded information, and an unrecorded area It is done. The management table stores at least file names for recorded information, a hierarchical structure, link information (reproduction order) of each file, and map information of logical addresses corresponding to unrecorded areas. As for logical addresses, for example, logical address 0 is assigned to the head of the management table, and logical address (L-1) is virtually continuously assigned to the end of the logical area. For example, when a transfer command is set in the system controller 7, the beginning and end of a file for information recorded by a logical address are specified, the unrecorded area is grasped from disk management information, and information about the file for recorded information is obtained. Generate recording and playback commands. Regarding the correspondence between the physical area and the logical area, for example, a logical address is not assigned in the logical area for an area (sector) in which a primary defect has occurred in the physical area. That is, when a primary defect occurs, area allocation on the logical area is not performed for the primary defect area on the physical area. Also, a logical address is not assigned to an area where a secondary defect has occurred. Instead, a logical address assigned to an area immediately before the occurrence of a secondary defect is compared with a storage area for information recorded in a spare area where replacement processing has been performed. The logical address following the address is continuously assigned, and the logical address following the logical address assigned at the end of the information storage area of the replacement destination is continuously assigned from the area immediately after the secondary defect occurrence area ends. In other words, when a secondary defect occurs, the logical area is given a continuous logical address and appears to be recorded in the continuous area, but in the actual physical area, a part of the recorded information is stored in the spare area. It is distributed and recorded discontinuously. That is, at the time of recording and reproduction, movement of the head 2, access to the replacement destination, and access immediately after the secondary defect area are required.
[0019]
The information recording operation performed in the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 1, for example, when the disk recording medium 1 is a removable recording medium that can be replaced with the recording / reproducing apparatus, the system controller controls the head 2 and the digital signal processing circuit 4 when the disk is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus. Then, the lead-in area of the disk recording medium 1 is accessed and reproduced. When it is determined that the disc recording medium is as shown in FIG. 4 by reproducing the disc information or the like, the primary defect list and the secondary defect list written in the DMA area are further read and temporarily stored. (Step 101). Further, by reproducing the volume descriptor and the management table in the logical area starting from the head position of the data area, information on the file existing on the disk recording medium 1 and information on the unrecorded area are grasped (step 102). When information is recorded on the disk recording medium 1, the head of the new information recording area is determined from the head logical address for the recorded area in the logical area or the information of the logical address for the unrecorded area, which is apparent from the disk management information. A transfer command including at least a logical address, a recording command, and a transfer data amount is generated and set in the system controller 7. The system controller 7 determines from the received transfer command whether the command content is a record command, a playback command, or another command (step 103). In step 104, the content of the transfer command is a record command. It is determined whether it is a continuous recording command for instructing selection of recording processing for stream information. The continuous recording command is suitable for recording stream information transmitted continuously or intermittently in real time, and is a recording command for selecting a recording process that does not place importance on reliability when reproducing recorded information. . If it is not a continuous recording command in step 104, the process moves to step 105 to determine whether the transfer command is a non-continuous recording command for instructing selection of a recording process for data information. The processing is shifted to and the reception of the next transfer command is awaited. The non-continuous recording command is a recording command for selecting a recording process suitable for recording data information that places importance on reliability when reproducing recorded information. If it is determined in step 105 that the command is a non-continuous recording command, the process proceeds to step 106 to access by moving the head 2 to the physical address on the disk recording medium 1 corresponding to the designated logical address, Record the specified amount of data from there. During recording of the transferred information, at least the primary defect area registered in the primary defect list is skipped without being recorded in the area secured for recording. If it is desired to further improve the reproduction reliability during reproduction, the secondary defect area registered in the secondary defect list is skipped without being recorded. Further, after the recording of the designated data amount is completed, the physical address where recording was started is accessed again and reproduced (step 107).
[0020]
The number of error bytes that is clarified by decoding of the error correction code performed in the digital signal processing circuit 4 is compared with the threshold value set in the system controller 7 and determined to be a secondary defect (step 108). In step 108, if the number of detected error bytes exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that a secondary defect has occurred. For example, the spare area constituting the zone currently being reproduced is accessed, and the error area where the secondary defect has occurred is determined. The replacement process is performed by re-recording all the recorded data within the range in which the error correction is completed, including the spare area in the spare area (step 109). In some cases, the processing from step 107 to step 109 is performed again on the data recorded in the spare area by the replacement process, and the information re-recorded in the spare area is verified. After the recording, the first physical address of the secondary defect area and the first physical address of the spare area in the spare area are registered in the secondary defect list read when the disc is inserted (step 110).
[0021]
The updated defect list is recorded in the DMA area and updated to the latest list when the recording / reproducing apparatus is in an idle state where recording or reproduction is not performed or when the disk is ejected. If it is determined in step 104 that the content of the transfer command is a continuous recording command, the physical address area corresponding to the target logical address is accessed, and from there, at least the primary defect list existing in the area reserved for recording. Recording is started and continued continuously while skipping the registered primary defect area. If it is desired to further improve the reproduction reliability at the time of reproduction, the secondary defect area registered in the secondary defect list is skipped without being recorded, and the recording is continued (step 111).
[0022]
Further, recording is continued unless it is determined as a recording end command in step 112 or until the recording of the designated transfer data amount is reached, and when it is determined as a recording end command in step 112, or the designated transfer data amount When recording is completed, recording on the disk 1 is stopped. However, after the recording is stopped, the processing from step 107 to step 110, that is, the verify processing is not performed as in the recording according to the discontinuous recording command, and the recording is finished as it is. Finally, when the recording / reproducing apparatus is in the idle state or when the disk is ejected, the file name, the hierarchical structure of the files, the top logical address of the file to be newly generated for the recorded information in the logical area on the disk recording medium 1 When information is added and information is overwritten on the recorded area, the information for the overwritten file is deleted from the management table, and when recording is performed on the unrecorded area, the map information is updated. The management table is newly updated and recorded again in a predetermined area on the disk recording medium (step 113). When the management table is updated and recorded again, the processing from step 106 to step 110 is performed according to the non-continuous recording command, and recording is performed in consideration of reproduction reliability.
[0023]
The above-mentioned continuous recording command is not limited to being generated only once before the start of recording. When recording information is transmitted intermittently, it is repeated again in a unit of data amount or after the end of recording for a certain period. The command is repeatedly generated, and intermittent recording may be performed for each specified transfer data amount. Also in this case, the recording operation according to the continuous recording command from step 103 to step 112 in the flowchart of FIG. 1 is repeatedly performed.
[0024]
Next, the information recording medium on which information is recorded according to the recording method of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4B shows a state of a stream information recording result according to a continuous recording command from step 104 to step 111 and step 112 in FIG. As shown, the recording is started from the logical address I (I is a positive integer), and the recording is ended at the logical address (J-1) (J is a positive integer). Further, FIG. 1 shows a recording result of data information according to a non-continuous recording command in which the transfer data amount is specified in step 105 to step 110 in FIG. 1, for example, a data file corresponding to editing data or program data of stream information Is a logical area from logical address J to (K-1) (K is a positive integer), and further, file information storage location in the logical area, storage location of data information in a management table for managing an unrecorded area In this example, non-continuous recording is performed on the logical areas from logical addresses 0 to (H-1) (H is a positive integer).
[0025]
The physical area in FIG. 4A with respect to the area occupied by the stream file 1 in the logical area in FIG. 4B is continuous from the middle of the user area 1 in the zone 1 divided into the middle of the user area 2 in the zone 2, for example. Recording is performed, but the area including the spare area 1 used for the secondary defect replacement process is recorded in a discontinuous area without recording. The data file shows the result of verifying the secondary defect in the verification after the completion of recording and replacing the spare area. The secondary defect area generated in the middle of the data file recorded in the user area 2 is a spare area. 2 is replaced. Similarly to the data file, the management table is replaced with a spare area when the secondary defect occurs. In other words, when a secondary defect occurs and replacement processing is performed, the secondary defect area in the middle of the continuous area where the file exists is recorded in the spare area, resulting in discontinuous recording. It will be. That is, even when a small amount of data is reproduced during reproduction, the head 2 needs to move with respect to the secondary defect area, and the transfer rate during reproduction is significantly reduced. However, since the file subjected to the replacement process in accordance with the non-continuous recording command records information that may decrease the transfer rate, such as a data file and a management table, there is no problem even if the transfer rate decreases. . However, recording with high reliability during reproduction is performed. For the stream file, the head is moved during recording and reproduction across zones, but the replacement process is not performed according to the continuous recording command, so that the transfer rate of the disk recording medium during recording and reproduction is minimized. However, the reliability during reproduction depends on the recording state of the disk recording medium, and in some cases, the reliability may be low.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the stream file 1 recorded according to the continuous recording command and the data file or the management table subjected to the replacement process for the secondary defect according to the non-continuous recording command are recorded on the same disk recording medium. The reproducing operation performed on the disc recording medium 1 in the recording / reproducing apparatus of FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. However, the processing from step 501 to step 503 is equivalent to the processing from step 101 to step 103 in FIG. In step 504, it is determined in step 504 whether the instruction is a reproduction instruction determined by analysis of the transfer instruction in step 503, and further a reproduction instruction instructing selection of reproduction processing for stream information. The continuous playback command is a playback command that is suitable for playback of stream information that requires continuous or intermittent playback of information in real time and does not place importance on playback reliability. If it is determined in step 504 that the command is not a continuous playback command, the process proceeds to step 505 to determine whether the transfer command is a non-continuous playback command for instructing selection of playback processing for data information. The processing is shifted to and the reception of the next transfer command is awaited. The non-continuous reproduction command is a reproduction command suitable for reproducing data information that places importance on information reproduction reliability. If it is determined in step 505 that the instruction is a non-continuous reproduction instruction, the process proceeds to step 506, the physical address on the disk recording medium 1 corresponding to the designated logical address is accessed, and the designated data amount is obtained therefrom. Play minutes. During reproduction, the initial defect area existing in the primary defect list is skipped without being reproduced, and the transfer is temporarily stopped for the secondary defect area existing in the secondary defect list, and the replacement process is performed. After the recording area in the spare area is accessed and reproduced, access and reproduction are performed again from the area after the secondary defect area, and the recording information corresponding to the designated data amount is reproduced. If an error byte exceeding the correction capability of the error correction code added when recording on the disk recording medium 1 during the reproduction of step 506 occurs and it is determined that correction is impossible (step 507), correction is impossible. Before the retry processing for retrying the reproduction is performed, the retry count is compared with the retry count limit threshold set in the system controller in step 508. If the number of retries exceeds the threshold value in step 508, it is determined that the reproduction is impossible, and the reproduction process is stopped as it is.
[0027]
If the retry count threshold is not exceeded in step 508, retry processing is performed by accessing and reproducing again from the start address for the area that has become uncorrectable, that is, in the area where error correction processing is completed (step 509). ), The determination in step 507 is performed. If it is not determined in step 507 that correction is not possible due to the retry processing, the playback is continued as it is. If it is determined that correction is impossible, the retry processing from step 508 is repeated again. Do. If it is determined in step 504 that the content of the transfer command is a continuous recording command, the head of the area corresponding to the physical address corresponding to the target logical address is accessed, and from there, at least the primary defect registered in the primary defect list Play continuously while skipping over the area. In addition, there is a case where recording is performed by skipping the secondary defect area for the purpose of further improving the reproduction reliability at the time of recording, so while skipping the secondary defect area registered in the secondary defect list. In some cases, the reproduction is continuously performed (step 513). In this case, unlike the non-continuous reproduction command, only the secondary defect area is skipped, and temporary reproduction stop, access to the replacement area, and reproduction are not performed. Further, the reproduction is continued unless it is determined in step 514 that the instruction is to end reproduction, or the reproduction of the designated amount of data is not reached. If it is decided in step 514 that the instruction is to terminate reproduction, or the reproduction of the designated amount of data is performed. When it ends, playback is stopped when the end of the file is detected. In the case of continuous playback, as in the case of non-continuous playback, the processing from step 507 to step 509, that is, detection of uncorrectable
The retry process is not performed, and the reproduction process is continued as it is even when correction is impossible. For the management table reproduction in step 502, the reproduction processing from step 506 to step 509 is applied in accordance with the discontinuous reproduction instruction in step 505. As described above, files that are played according to the continuous playback command can be played back while suppressing a decrease in the transfer rate of the disk recording medium, and a retry operation is performed for files that are played back according to the non-continuous playback command. Since reproduction is performed in combination with data reproduction at the replacement destination according to the list, reproduction with high reliability is possible.
[0028]
The above-mentioned continuous playback command is not limited to being generated only once before the start of playback, but is repeatedly generated and specified for a certain amount of data or after the end of playback every certain period. In some cases, intermittent reproduction is performed for each data amount. Also in this case, the reproduction operation according to the continuous reproduction command from step 503 to step 514 in the flowchart of FIG. 5 is repeatedly performed.
[0029]
Next, an embodiment of a method for rearranging information on a disk recording medium on which information is recorded by the recording method of FIG. 1 in the recording / reproducing apparatus of FIGS. 6A shows the physical area division and configuration on the disk recording medium 1, and FIG. 6B shows the logical area division and configuration for the physical area and the stream for the compressed video and audio streams. Data files including edit data for video and audio information included in file 1 and stream file 1 are managed. (A-1) shows the correspondence between the stream file 1 and data file existing in the logical area and the physical area. In the case of the stream file 1, the replacement process is not performed by detecting the secondary defect, and the recording is performed across the user areas 1 and 2 in the zones 1 and 2. The data file and the management table are each detected by detecting the secondary defect. The case where the replacement process for the secondary defect area is performed and recorded in the spare area of the zone is shown. (A-2) shows the result of performing rearrangement processing on the physical area for the data file, management table, and stream file. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for rearranging recorded stream information without performing secondary defect detection and replacement processing.
[0030]
The rearrangement process for the stream file in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 7, when a command for instructing execution of rearrangement processing is set for the system controller of the recording / reproducing apparatus (step 701), the recording area on the disk recording medium is accessed and reproduced with respect to the file that becomes clear from the management table. (Step 702), while skipping the primary defect area registered in the primary defect list and skipping the secondary defect area registered in the secondary defect list, reproduction of recorded information in each zone All error regions in the zone are detected by comparing the number of error bytes with respect to and the threshold value for determining the defect. If there is a break in the file in the middle of the zone, playback is performed up to the end of the file included in the zone, and an error area is detected by comparison with a threshold value (step 703). In step 704, it is determined whether all the detected error areas can be rearranged from the unrecorded area and the remaining spare area existing in each zone. If the determination in step 704 is not established, the process proceeds to step 708, the threshold value for the number of error bytes determined as a defect is increased, the condition for determining as a defect is relaxed, and all error areas previously detected in step 703 are detected again. Re-determine the detection. If the determination in step 704 is established, the recorded information from the error area first found in each zone in step 705 or the area where error correction processing including the error area is completed to the end of the zone is separated. Temporary storage means or an unrecorded area on the disk recording medium. After the temporary saving of the recording information is completed, the recording information is re-recorded in the order of the recording information in the error area detected for each zone in step 706 or in an area other than the error completion process including the error area. Replacement is performed. Finally, the physical address for the error area newly determined as a defect in step 707 is added to the primary defect list, or the top physical address of the area where error correction processing including the error area is completed is added to the secondary defect list, or the area Are added to the primary defect list and updated and recorded in the DMA area on the disk recording medium. However, when registering in the secondary defect list, the head physical address of the replacement destination is not registered.
[0031]
An example of the result of rearranging information according to the method described in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, the stream file 1 is recorded with a series of stream information straddling the user area 1 and the user area 2 in the physical area of the disk recording medium as shown in (A-1). For example, in the user area 1, it is assumed that an error area is newly detected by the process in step 703 of FIG. Then, as shown in (A-2), the information after the detected error area reaches the spare area and is re-recorded, so that rearrangement is performed. Furthermore, the detected error area is registered in the primary defect list or registered in the secondary defect list, so that the error area or the area where error correction is complete including the error area is skipped during playback according to the continuous playback command. Will be.
[0032]
Since the stream information is recorded without performing the replacement process based on the secondary defect detection, the utilization rate of the spare area included in each zone is low. Therefore, the rearrangement process can be performed within the range of each zone as described above.
[0033]
Next, the execution result of the rearrangement process for the record information subjected to the replacement process by detecting the secondary defect such as the data file or the management table will be described with reference to FIG. In the management table subjected to the replacement process by detecting the secondary defect in FIG. 6, the recording information after the first secondary defect area included in the recording area for the management table is temporarily stored from the contents of the secondary defect list. The recording information of the replacement destination is re-recorded after the secondary defect area, and then the temporarily saved recording information is recorded. Depending on the information recording state, there is no unrecorded area in the user area 0. In this case, information is recorded over the spare area and rearrangement is executed. Further, information about the secondary defect area and the replacement area for the area that was the secondary defect is deleted from the secondary defect list, and the recording information in the DMA area is updated and recorded again. In FIG. 6, for the data file subjected to the replacement process by detecting the secondary defect, the recording area for the stream file 1 and the recording area for the data file are mixed in the same user area 2, and the data area for the user area 2 of the stream file 1 is mixed. In order to secure the area necessary for the rearrangement process, the result of rearranging the information contained in the replacement area for the secondary defect area and moving to the user area for the unrecorded area in another zone is shown. It is. The recording area for the data file before the movement is an unrecorded area, and is used for executing the rearrangement process for the recording information in the user area 2. Also in this case, the information about the secondary defect area and the replacement area corresponding to the secondary defect list is deleted from the secondary defect list, so that the recording information in the DMA area is updated and recorded again. Further, on the management table, the logical address for the data file is changed and the management map for the unrecorded area is changed, and the management table is updated and recorded.
[0034]
The rearrangement process described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 can select whether or not to execute the process, and is not limited to being performed. When execution is selected, at least in the process, new information cannot be recorded or reproduced on the disk recording medium. That is, the rearrangement process can be started when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is in an idle state.
[0035]
By reordering the recorded information within the zone range with respect to the physical area of the disk recording medium described above, it is possible to improve the reliability when reproducing the stream information. In addition, since the reordering of recorded information is completed within each zone using a spare area, it is possible to save the storage capacity of the unrecorded area on the disk recording medium and the temporary storage means necessary to temporarily save the recorded information It is.
[0036]
Furthermore, the recording information included in the replacement area is also rearranged for the data information subjected to the replacement process by the secondary defect, and the transfer rate at the time of reproduction is re-registered in the primary defect list. A significant decrease can be prevented. Further, by moving the recording information included in the file to another unrecorded or allocatable zone, it is possible to execute stream information rearrangement processing in a zone where data information and stream information are mixed.
[0037]
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the recording method of the present invention. The same reference numerals are assigned to the flowchart of the recording method described in FIG. Further, the processing from step 105 to step 110 is omitted in the figure because it is the same processing. In FIG. 8, when it is determined in step 104 that the recording command is a continuous recording command, after all recording for the continuous recording command is completed by the recording processing in steps 111 and 112, it is registered in the primary defect / secondary defect list in the middle of recording in step 115. Determine if a new defect has been found. In the recording in step 111, even when a new defect is found, it is continuously recorded as it is without being treated as a defect. The discovery of a new defect includes at least a case where a physical address on the disk has not been detected. If a new defect is detected during recording in step 115, only the top physical address of the area in which error correction processing is completed including that defective area is registered in the secondary defect list in step 116. Since the replacement process for the spare area is not performed, the first physical address of the replacement destination is not registered in the secondary defect list. As for the recording process according to the non-continuous recording command performed from step 105 to step 110, if a defect is newly detected during recording, the area where the defect has occurred is skipped, and the recording area after the defect area is recorded. If a new defect is found in the middle of recording while recording is continued and recorded in the primary defect list after completion of recording, or for each unit that completes error correction, the spare area Replacement processing is performed, or recording is performed again in a recording area after the area where error correction processing including the defective area is completed, and processing for registering the leading physical address of the defective area in the secondary defect list is performed.
[0038]
The flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is also applied to the reproducing method for the information recorded by such recording processing. However, when the information recorded by the continuous recording command is reproduced according to the continuous reproducing command, the secondary defect is generated. A reproduction process in which secondary defect areas registered in the list are ignored and reproduction is continued without skipping, and a secondary defect is skipped and reproduction is not performed on the defective area, and reproduction on the spare area is not performed. Either playback process is selected. When playback processing without skipping is selected, when the playback information is a video stream, video degradation occurs. When playback processing with skip is selected, the continuity of the video is not maintained, but degradation of the video itself can be suppressed.
[0039]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of the recording method of the present invention. The same reference numerals are assigned to the flowchart of the recording method described in FIG. Further, the processing from step 105 to step 110 is omitted in the figure because it is the same processing. In FIG. 9, when it is determined in step 104 that the command is a continuous recording command, in step 111, the target physical address is accessed and recording is started. In step 117, it is determined whether a defect that is not registered in the primary defect or secondary defect list is newly found during recording. The discovery of a new defect includes at least a case where a physical address on the disk has not been detected. If no new defect is found during recording in step 117, recording is continued while skipping the primary defect list, and possibly the secondary defect list, unless it is determined in step 112 that recording is complete. If a new defect is detected during recording in the new step 117, the process skips to the area where error correction processing is completed after that defective area in step 118, and newly detects the recording area after that area. The recording of the record information that should have been recorded after the defective area is resumed. After all the recording is completed in step 112, only the top physical address for the area where the error correction process is completed including the newly detected defective area is registered in the secondary defect list in step 119. Since the spare process is not performed on the spare area, the first physical address of the spare destination is not registered in the secondary defect list. For the recording process according to the non-continuous recording command performed from step 105 to step 110, the same process described in the second embodiment of the recording method is performed.
[0040]
The flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is also applied to the reproducing method for the information recorded by such recording processing. However, when the information recorded by the continuous recording command is reproduced according to the continuous reproducing command, the secondary defect is generated. A reproduction process is performed in which the secondary defect area registered in the list is skipped, the defect area is not reproduced, and the spare area is not reproduced. When reproducing information recorded in accordance with the recording method described above, some information is included in the defect area registered in the secondary defect list. For example, if the recorded information is video information, the continuity of the video Is not maintained, but deterioration of the image itself can be suppressed.
[0041]
Further, with respect to the skip processing in step 118, after the newly discovered defect area, the area where the error correction process is completed is skipped, and information already recorded in the area where the error correction process is completed is recorded and reproduced. Only when the recorded information remains in the memory 5 constituting the apparatus, the information which should have been recorded in the area after the error correction completion area including the defective area is recorded again, and the secondary defect list is further recorded. In some cases, the head physical address of the error correction completion area including the defective area is registered. In this case, recording can be performed while maintaining the continuity of the recorded information. When the recorded information is, for example, video information, the continuity of the reproduced video can be maintained.
[0042]
Although the disk recording medium 1 in the embodiment described above has been described by limiting the removable disk recording medium having the lead-in area and the lead-out area as an object, the present invention is not limited thereto and is fixed to the recording / reproducing apparatus. The present invention is also applied to a magnetic disk recording medium that records and reproduces information while managing primary and secondary defects. Also in this case, the flowcharts for the recording method and the reproducing method shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 are applied according to the continuous, non-continuous recording command, continuous, non-continuous reproduction command.
[0043]
The disk recording medium subject to the present invention is not limited to a disk recording medium that is managed by writing address information for the generated primary defect area and secondary defect area in a specific area on the disk, for example, a DMA area, For example, the present invention is also applied to a disk recording medium that manages defects by writing a flag indicating defects or data indicating defects in an area where a primary defect has occurred or address information indicating the area. .
[0044]
In addition, the disk recording medium subject to the present invention is not limited to the area division in which the physical area is divided into a plurality of zones and the user area and the spare area are formed in each zone. The flowchart for the recording method and the reproducing method of the present invention is also applied to the recording and reproducing of the disk recording medium adopting the area division concentrated on the innermost circumference or the vicinity of the outermost circumference of the disk recording medium.
[0045]
Also, when providing management information for stream files recorded and generated according to a continuous recording command to the management table, continuous playback required for playback is provided by providing identification information with the data file recorded according to the non-continuous recording command. It becomes easy to generate a command and a non-continuous playback command, and it becomes easy to select a playback method for playback of each stream file and data file. As the identification information, for example, a file name and an extension capable of identifying a stream file and a data file are given to the management table.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is important to request a disk recording medium to record and reproduce a certain amount of data at a certain time such as a video and audio stream, that is, to suppress a decrease in transfer rate. The stream information that is not important for the reproduction reliability of the recording information and the data information for which the reproduction reliability of the recorded information is important are the same as the drop of the transfer rate on the disk recording medium such as the recording information management table. When recording on a disc recording medium, the verification operation after recording is controlled according to continuous and non-continuous recording commands, and execution of replacement processing for secondary defects is controlled. As a result, the data information can be recorded with emphasis on reproduction reliability. Further, when reproducing the disk recording medium recorded by the recording method of the present invention, the stream information is transferred by controlling the execution of retry processing at the time of reproduction according to the continuous / non-continuous reproduction command and the reproduction for the secondary defect area. Reproduction with an emphasis on rate can be performed on data information, with an emphasis on reproduction reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a recording method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a recording / reproducing apparatus to which the recording method and the reproducing method of the present invention are applied.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration example of a recording / reproducing apparatus to which the recording method and the reproducing method of the present invention are applied.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a disk recording medium on which recording is performed by the recording method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the reproducing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of rearrangement of recorded information according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of a method for rearranging recorded information according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the recording method according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of the recording method according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Disk recording medium, 2 ... Head, 3 ... Preamplifier, 4 ... Digital signal processing circuit, 5 ... Memory, 6 ... Interface circuit, 7 ... System controller, 8 ... External connection apparatus, 9 ... Image | video, audio | voice compression circuit, 10 ... Video and audio decompression circuit, 11 ... Selector.

Claims (16)

Information recording that records and reproduces information on a disk recording medium while managing primary defects including initial defects discovered at the time of initialization of the disk recording medium and secondary defects discovered by reproduction immediately after information recording A playback device,
It said disk recording medium is a disc recording medium to manage the primary defect by the first defect list for managing the secondary defect by the second defect list,
For the first information that requests recording and reproduction of information at a certain transfer rate or higher with respect to the recording medium, and for the second information that requires reproduction reliability of the recording information for the recording medium,
The have line recording of information while skipping to the primary defect area for the first information, further, the recording information without determination of secondary defect area by the reproduction immediately after recording of information 1 recording process;
With respect to the second information, the primary defect area is skipped, the secondary defect area managed by the second defect list is skipped, and the secondary information is reproduced immediately after the information is recorded. Each of the second recording processes for determining the defective area and recording the information by re-recording the information included in the area in the replacement area,
An information recording / reproducing apparatus that is selectively executed.   2. The information recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein information is recorded on the same disk recording medium in accordance with each of the first recording process and the second recording process.   The transfer command to the information recording / reproducing apparatus required for selecting the first recording process and the second recording process according to claim 1 is at least a first recording command for instructing selection of the first recording process. An information recording / reproducing apparatus comprising: a second recording command for instructing selection of the second recording process.   The first recording command according to claim 3 is generated when the information to be transmitted is continuously transmitted in real time or intermittently transmitted at certain intervals as recording information to the disk recording medium. An information recording / reproducing apparatus.   5. The information recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the transmission information is transmission information for compressed video and audio, or transmission information obtained by multiplexing information included therein.   4. When information is recorded on the disk recording medium by the first recording command according to claim 3, it is generated by the first recording command when the file management table in the logical area of the disk recording medium is updated. An information recording / reproducing apparatus characterized in that identification information is given to management information for a file.   2. The first recording process or the second recording process according to claim 1, wherein the first information or the second information is recorded while skipping the defect areas of both the primary defect area and the secondary defect area. An information recording / reproducing apparatus.   8. The information recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein after the information is recorded, the secondary defect area is managed again as the primary defect area. Information on the disk recording medium that records and reproduces information while managing primary defects including initial defects discovered at the time of initialization of the disk recording medium and secondary defects discovered by reproduction immediately after information recording A recording method,
It said disk recording medium is a disc recording medium to manage the primary defect by the first defect list for managing the secondary defect by the second defect list,
For the first information that requests recording and reproduction of information at a certain transfer rate or higher with respect to the recording medium, and for the second information that requires reproduction reliability of the recording information for the recording medium,
The have line recording of information while skipping to the primary defect area for the first information, further, the recording information without determination of secondary defect area by the reproduction immediately after recording of information 1 recording process,
With respect to the second information, the primary defect area is skipped, the secondary defect area managed by the second defect list is skipped, and the secondary information is reproduced immediately after the information is recorded. A second recording process is performed in which a defective area is determined, and information included in the area is recorded in the replacement area to record information.
Information is recorded on the same disk recording medium by selecting a recording process according to a first recording instruction and a second recording instruction instructing execution of the first recording process and the second recording process, respectively. A method for recording information on a disc recording medium. The first recording command required in claim 9 corresponds to the first information, and the transmission information in which the information to be transmitted is transmitted continuously in real time or intermittently at certain intervals is recorded on the disc. A method for recording information on a disk recording medium, which is generated when recording information on a recording medium. 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein when information is recorded on the disk recording medium by the first recording instruction, the first recording process is performed when the file management table in the logical area of the disk recording medium is updated. A method for recording information on a disk recording medium, wherein identification information is given to management information for a generated file. 11. The first recording process or the second recording process according to claim 10, wherein the first information or the second information is recorded while skipping the defect areas of both the primary defect area and the secondary defect area. A method for recording information on a disk recording medium. 13. The method for recording information on a disk recording medium according to claim 12, wherein after the information is recorded, the secondary defect area is managed again as the primary defect area. It is a disc-shaped information recording medium that records information while managing primary defects including initial defects discovered at the time of initialization of the disk recording medium and secondary defects discovered by reproduction immediately after information recording. And
It said disk recording medium is a disc recording medium to manage the primary defect by the first defect list for managing the secondary defect by the second defect list,
For the first information that requests recording and reproduction of information at a certain transfer rate or higher with respect to the recording medium, and for the second information that requires reproduction reliability of the recording information for the recording medium,
The have line recording of information while skipping to the primary defect area for the first information, further, the recording information without determination of secondary defect area by the reproduction immediately after recording of information 1 recording process,
With respect to the second information, the primary defect area is skipped, the secondary defect area managed by the second defect list is skipped, and the secondary information is reproduced immediately after the information is recorded. A second recording process is performed in which a defective area is determined, and information included in the area is recorded in the replacement area to record information.
A disc-shaped information recording medium, wherein the first information and the second information are recorded on the same recording medium. 15. The recording of the first information or the second information according to claim 14, wherein the recording of the first information or the second information is performed by skipping the defect areas of both the primary defect area and the secondary defect area. A disc-shaped information recording medium characterized by the above. 16. The disk-shaped information recording medium according to claim 15, wherein after recording information, the secondary defect area is managed again as the primary defect area.

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