JP3520118B2 - Projection diagram creation device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a projection drawing creating apparatus for providing a user with a projection based on a third angle method or a first angle method in a three-dimensional CAD system. Things. [0002] For example, on a projection diagram (plan view, front view, and right side view) based on the third angle method, a projection diagram creating apparatus arranges the dimensions of the sides of the object projected on the respective projection surfaces and the arrangement of the projected figures. , A line drawing representing a figure is displayed on each projection, and information representing a three-dimensional solid is created from the information. As a result, it is possible for the user to proceed with operations such as creation and arrangement of a three-dimensional object with a feeling similar to a conventional drawing method. [0003] The projection drawing apparatus is also provided with a function of providing a perspective view so that the user can easily and intuitively grasp the whole image of the solid created by the user. FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of a three-dimensional CAD system provided with a conventional projection drawing apparatus. In FIG. 5, a user's instruction input from a mouse 301 or a keyboard 302 provided in a three-dimensional CAD system is input to a graphic data generating unit 311 of a projection drawing generating apparatus via an input interpreting unit 303. Based on these instructions, the graphic data creation unit 311
Graphic data representing a three-dimensional figure is created, and a three-dimensional CAD
It is held in the figure data holding unit 304 of the system. [0006] Here, the user operates the mouse 301 or the like, and as information indicating the shape of the three-dimensional projected figure to be created, for example, the coordinates of the end points of the line segments representing the sides of the polygon or the lines. What is necessary is just to input a kind etc. Next, the user:
For example, by designating a projected figure corresponding to the bottom surface and a projected figure indicating the height, information for designating the relationship between the projected figures on each projection plane may be input. On the basis of these information, the above-mentioned graphic data creating section 311 generates, as graphic data representing a solid, for example, coordinates of all vertices of the solid, direction vectors of each ridge line, normal vectors of each surface, and the like. What is necessary is just to calculate each of them and send them to the graphic data holding unit 304. [0008] The information indicating the shape of the above-mentioned projected figure is sent to the figure data creating section 311 and the drawing data creating section 305 provided in the three-dimensional CAD system.
The image data is converted into drawing data composed of line drawing data representing a projected figure, and is provided for drawing processing by a drawing processing unit 307 via a drawing data holding unit 306. The drawing processing unit 307 creates image data representing lines, curves, and the like constituting a projection diagram corresponding to each projection direction based on the drawing data stored in the drawing data holding unit 306. The configuration is such that writing is performed in a corresponding area of the frame memory 308. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a screen is divided into four parts, and image data representing a plan view, a front view, and a side view are written in an upper left area, a lower left area, and a lower right area, respectively. Via 309, a projection according to the third angle method can be provided to the user. When the user gives an instruction to display a perspective view, the input interpreting section 303 instructs the projection processing section 312 of the projection view creating apparatus shown in FIG. 5 to create a perspective view. In accordance with, the projection processing unit 312 uses the rotation matrix for the perspective view held in the matrix holding unit 313 to convert the coordinates of each vertex of the solid included in the graphic data in the graphic data holding unit 304, The conversion result is sent to the drawing data creation unit 305. In this case, the matrix holding section 313
A rotation matrix corresponding to the projection direction of each projection view based on the angle method and a projection direction having a predetermined angle may be stored for the perspective view. It should be noted that since an appropriate projection direction is obtained as a perspective view from various researches and experiences regarding human figure recognition, a rotation matrix corresponding to this projection direction may be stored in the matrix storage unit 313 described above. . In this case, in response to input of line drawing data representing a perspective view obtained by the drawing data creation unit 305, the drawing processing unit 307 causes the frame memory 3 corresponding to the upper right of the screen to correspond to
What is necessary is just to write the created image data in the area 08. Further, the three-dimensional CAD system is provided with a graphic model database 321 and is configured to provide a graphic primitive in which a basic three-dimensional shape is modeled to a three-dimensional creation operation. Using this graphic model database 321, the user specifies an appropriate graphic primitive through an input device such as the mouse 301, and inputs specifications and arrangements such as the length and radius of the characteristic side. By doing so, it is possible to easily create a solid. In this case, a search processing unit 322 is started by the input interpretation unit 303 in accordance with the designation of the graphic primitive, and first, a search processing of the corresponding graphic primitive is performed. Further, based on the figure primitive obtained by the search processing and the input feature data, an appropriate operation such as enlargement / reduction and arrangement of the figure is performed by the figure operation unit 323. The graphic data obtained as is sent to the graphic data holding unit 304, and is subjected to a projection drawing creating process. At this time, the projection processing unit 3 of the projection diagram creating apparatus
Reference numeral 12 denotes a configuration in which, using the rotation matrix in each projection direction held in the matrix holding unit 313, information representing each projected figure is obtained from the above-described figure data and transmitted to the drawing data creation unit 305. Further, based on the line drawing data representing the projected figure in each projection direction obtained by the drawing data creation unit 305, the drawing processing unit 3
07, the above-described drawing processing is performed, and a projection view is displayed on the display device 309. As described above, in a three-dimensional CAD system, as described above, a projected figure is added on a projection view, and various primitives are combined to form a three-dimensional object having a complicated shape. It is possible to create. By the way, a method of adding a projection figure is a method for arranging solids having planes and axes parallel to the projection plane, such as a rectangular parallelepiped and a cylinder shown in FIG. ,
Since the user can intuitively grasp the positional relationship between the respective figures, the user can work efficiently. However, for example, as shown in FIG.
When a cylinder is to be arranged with its bottom surface in contact with a plane inclined with respect to the projection direction, it is necessary to input the dimensions of the projected figure in consideration of the angle between the axis of the cylinder and the projection direction. As another method for executing the arrangement on the inclined surface, a solid to be arranged is separately created, and the figure data of the solid and the position to be arranged are designated, respectively. There is a method of performing a moving process of graphic data by the graphic operation unit 323. In this case, a solid is arranged in a desired direction by designating a contact surface for each of the solids to be combined, making the normal vectors coincide with each other, and rotating a coordinate axis in the specified surface. be able to. At this time, the graphic operation unit 323 performs processing associated with the parallel movement and rotation of the graphic in response to an instruction from the user, and rewrites the contents of the graphic data holding unit 304 based on the processing result. It has become. As described above, when solids are separately created and combined using the movement function of the graphic operation unit 323, the translation and rotation of the combined solids can be specified, and the degree of freedom of arrangement can be increased. Because it ’s big
Various arrangements can be realized. As described above, the conventional projection drawing apparatus is intended only to assist drawing according to the conventional drawing method, and has a fixed projection drawing method. Only a projection corresponding to the direction could be created. Therefore, when a solid based on a plane perpendicular to the projection direction has already been created, another solid combined with the solid is a solid based on a plane or axis inclined with respect to the projection direction. Is very difficult to create. On the other hand, when individual solids are created and combined using the moving function, individual solids can be created based on an axis parallel to the projection direction or a plane perpendicular to the projection direction. Is easy to create. However, it is necessary to perform a process of moving these solids to a desired arrangement. For this reason, it is necessary to specify a reference axis and a reference plane of each solid and to specify a movement vector, a rotation direction, and a rotation amount. . In this case, since a large degree of freedom is set for the movement vector and the rotation direction, it is necessary for the user to input and determine all of them, and the work of the user is considerably complicated. . By the way, as shown in FIG. 6B, the operation of frequently arranging a solid in three-dimensional CAD is performed by arranging a bottom surface of a solid to be arranged in contact with a bottom surface or an upper surface of another solid. There are many simple cases such as the case where the three-dimensional objects are arranged, and the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the three-dimensional objects is not required as large as the degree of freedom set by the above-described movement function. That is, in the work of arranging a three-dimensional object using the moving function, the degree of freedom set for the moving function is often wasted, and the work burden on the user is reduced due to the useless degree of freedom. It is getting bigger. For this reason, there is a demand for simplifying the input by limiting the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the three-dimensional object and reducing the work load on the user. Such a problem can be solved, for example, by creating a projection view with a normal direction of a surface inclined with respect to a reference projection direction and a direction orthogonal to the normal direction as a projection direction, and obtaining a projection obtained in this manner . It is considered that the problem can be solved by providing the figure for the creation of a solid. [0032] It is an object of the present invention to provide a projection drawing making apparatus capable of changing a projection direction. According to the first aspect of the present invention, graphic data representing a three-dimensional shape in a coordinate system serving as a reference is stored in a graphic data storing means 101, and based on the graphic data. , The first drawing means 102 creates a projection view in a reference projection direction corresponding to a reference coordinate system,
In response to the input of a projected figure in the projected figure, the figure data creating means 103 creates three-dimensional figure data represented by the projected figure and stores it in the figure data holding means 101. A designated direction input unit 111 for inputting information indicating an arbitrary projection direction as information indicating a designated projection direction; and a projection pattern onto a projection plane corresponding to the designated projection direction based on the information indicating the designated projection direction and the graphic data. And a display unit 1 for selectively displaying one of a projection view by the first plotting means 102 and a projection view by the second plotting means 112.
13 and a new projected figure on the projection plane corresponding to the designated projection direction is converted into a projected figure on the projection plane corresponding to the reference projection direction according to the input of the new projected figure on the projection plane. Conversion means 114 for sending the
1 is a projection drawing corresponding to the reference projection direction.
It is a configuration that draws a perspective view along with three views,
The designated direction input unit 111 composes a solid in the perspective view.
Surface designating means for inputting any of the surfaces to be formed as the designated surface
In 121 and the perspective view, a straight line in a designated plane is designated.
Straight line designating means 122, normal vector of designated plane and designated plane
The specified projection direction based on the direction vector of the straight line in
Vector calculation means 12 for obtaining three direction vectors shown
3 is provided. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the projection view corresponding to the designated projection direction input by the designated direction input means 111 is displayed in the second direction.
By displaying the projection by the second plotting means 112 via the display 113 instead of the projection by the first plotting means 102, a projection in an arbitrary designated projection direction is created. Can be provided to the user. When a new projection figure is input in the projection view corresponding to the designated projection direction , the conversion is performed.
Means 114 sets the input projection figure in the reference projection direction.
Into a projected figure of the projection surface corresponding to, the projected figure
Is sent to the graphic data creating means 103 . This allows
From the projected figure drawn on the projection plane corresponding to the designated projection direction , figure data in the reference coordinate system can be created. That is, according to the present invention, a projection direction different from the reference projection direction in an existing three-dimensional figure is designated, and the user can create a new three-dimensional image on the projection plane corresponding to this projection direction. By creating a projection of the figure, the creation of a solid can be simplified. Special
In addition, the vector calculation unit 123 operates in response to inputs from the plane designating unit 121 and the line designating unit 122, thereby designating the already created three-dimensional plane and the straight line in this plane on a perspective view, A direction vector indicating the designated projection direction can be obtained. For example, if the surface on which the solid is to be arranged is designated by the surface designating means 121, a projection view from a direction perpendicular to this surface is obtained, and the shape of the bottom surface of the solid to be arranged on this projection view is designated. can do. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional CAD system to which the projection drawing creating apparatus of the present invention is applied. Referring to FIG. 2, the projection diagram creation device 210
The projection diagram creation device shown in FIG.
1, a matrix creation unit 212 and a designated matrix holding unit 213 are added, a rotation matrix corresponding to the projection direction set by the projection direction setting unit 211 is created by the matrix creation unit 212, and held in the designated matrix holding unit 213. , For the projection drawing creation process. The projection direction setting unit 211 corresponds to the projection direction input unit 111, and obtains a vector indicating the designated projection direction based on an instruction from the user input via the input interpretation unit 303. , Matrix creation unit 212
Is transmitted to For example, the projection direction setting unit 211 operates the graphic data holding unit 304 in response to input of information specifying a plane represented by a perspective view and a straight line (for example, a side of a polygon) on the plane. With reference to the normal vector and the direction vector of a specified straight line (hereinafter referred to as a specified straight line) of a corresponding plane (hereinafter referred to as a designated plane), the normal vector and the direction vector and these vectors are searched. An orthogonal direction vector may be obtained. Here, when the user instructs to change the projection direction, the input interpreting unit 303 determines the corresponding plane based on the position of the point designated by operating the mouse 301 or the like by the user. And a straight line is determined, and information designating these is sent to the projection direction setting unit 211. That is, the designated plane input unit 121 and the designated straight line input unit 122 described in claim 2 are operated by the mouse 301, the input interpretation unit 303, and the projection direction setting unit 211.
And the function of the vector calculation means 123 is realized. In this case, for example, in the perspective view shown in FIG. 3, a hatched rectangle and one side thereof (indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3) are designated as designated surfaces and designated straight lines, respectively. Accordingly, a desired projection direction can be easily input and provided for the rotation matrix creation processing by the matrix creation unit 212. In response to the input of the above-mentioned vector indicating the designated projection direction, the matrix creating section 212 rotates the rotation matrices R ₁ , R ₂ , it is sufficient to create a R _3. Here, for example, a projection view as viewed from a direction indicated by a normal vector A ₁ (a _1, a _2, a ₃ ) of the designated surface indicated by hatching in FIG. Direction vector B ₁ (b _1, b _2, b ₃ ) of the specified straight line and normal vector A of the specified surface
If the projection viewed from the direction indicated by the direction vector C ₁ (c _1, c _2, c ₃ ) perpendicular to both ₁ is a front view, the above rotation matrices R ₁ , R ₂ , and R ₃ are ,formula~
Each is represented as an expression. [Mathematical formula-see original document] ## EQU2 ## (Equation 3) In FIG. 2, the mode switching unit 214
Sends a mode switching signal to the projection processing unit 312 and the graphic data creation unit 311 when the input interpretation unit 303 notifies that the change of the projection direction has been instructed, and controls the operations of these units. It has a configuration. In response to the mode switching signal, the projection processing unit 312 selects a rotation matrix corresponding to the designated projection direction held in the designated matrix holding unit 213, and outputs information representing the projection shape corresponding to each designated projection direction. Should be created. That is, by using these rotation matrices, the coordinates of each vertex of the three-dimensional object represented by the graphic data are converted, the projection onto the projection plane corresponding to each of the designated projection directions is obtained, and sent to the drawing data creation unit 305. do it. Further, based on the information on the shape of the projected figure corresponding to the designated projection direction obtained in this way,
When the drawing data creation unit 305 executes the drawing data creation processing, the drawing data representing the three projected figures corresponding to the designated projection direction is obtained. As described above, in response to the instruction from the mode switching unit 214, the projection processing unit 312 causes the designated matrix holding unit 21
The projection processing is performed by using the rotation matrix in No. 3, and the drawing data creation unit 305 creates the drawing data based on the result of the projection processing. Can be obtained. Therefore, the line drawing data representing these projected figures is transferred to the drawing processing unit 3 via the drawing data holding unit 306.
07, using the image data obtained by the same drawing processing as in the past,
By rewriting the areas corresponding to the front view and the side view, respectively, the display device 309 corresponding to the display means 113 is obtained.
Accordingly, a projection view corresponding to the designated projection direction as shown in FIG. 4 can be selectively displayed according to a display instruction of the projection view in the designated projection direction. In this case, there is no need to change the perspective view, and the area corresponding to the perspective view of the frame memory 308 may be retained without being rewritten. Incidentally, in the normal case, the projection processing unit 312
By performing the projection processing using the rotation matrix held in the third drawing means, the perspective drawing creation function of the second drawing means 102 described in claim 1 is fulfilled. However,
In the embodiment described above, the drawing data creation unit 305 directly performs the creation processing of the line drawing data based on the information indicating the characteristic of the projection graphic input via the input interpretation unit 303, thereby performing the first drawing. The three-view drawing function of the means 102 is performed, and the three-view drawing and the perspective view in the reference projection direction are selectively displayed by the display device 309. Next, a method for creating a new solid in the projection view corresponding to the designated direction obtained as described above will be described. Here, when creating a solid using the projection view corresponding to the above-mentioned designated projection direction, the coordinates on the screen input by the user correspond to the coordinate system corresponding to the designated projection direction (hereinafter, designated coordinate system). ). On the other hand, since the graphic data representing the three-dimensional shape needs to be represented by a coordinate system corresponding to the reference projection direction (hereinafter, referred to as a reference coordinate system), the user designates information indicating the three-dimensional projection graphic to be created by the user. Coordinates such as the end points of the input line segment and the center of the circle need to be converted to coordinates in the reference coordinate system. The matrix creating unit 212 described above responds to the input of the designated projection direction from the projection direction setting unit 211,
A rotation matrix corresponding to the plan view, the front view, and the side view is created, and a rotation matrix required for conversion from the designated coordinate system to the reference coordinate system is created. Here, the rotation matrix R _T required for this conversion is based on the above-described three direction vectors A _1, B
_It can be obtained as an inverse matrix of a rotation matrix R ₄ composed of _1, C ₁ . Thus, the matrix creation unit 212, stored in After creating a rotation matrix R ₄ described above, the inverse matrix of the rotation matrix R ₄ determined, the resulting inverse matrix as a rotation matrix R _T, the transformation matrix holding unit 215 do it. In FIG. 2, the conversion processing unit 216
Operates according to the input of the mode switching signal described above,
The coordinates of the end point of the line segment or the center of the circle input through the input interpretation unit 303 and the rotation matrix R
_T and multiply the result of the multiplication by _T
2 is transmitted to the graphic data creation unit 311 corresponding to the second data. As described above, according to the mode switching signal,
By operating the conversion matrix holding unit 215 and the conversion processing unit 216, the function of the conversion unit 114 is realized, and the conversion result is sent to the graphic data generation unit 311, so that the conversion result is created in the projection view corresponding to the designated projection direction. Graphic data representing a solid in the reference coordinate system can be obtained on the basis of the projected graphic. In this case, the graphic data creation unit 311
Is input interpreter 30 according to the input of the mode switching signal.
3, the coordinates from the conversion processing unit 216 described above are received as information indicating the shape of the projected figure,
In the same manner as in the related art, the process of creating graphic data may be performed. Accordingly, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4, for example, a circle and a rectangle are drawn in a plan view and a front view in the designated projection direction as projection figures in the projection view corresponding to the designated projection direction. (I.e., a cylinder whose bottom is a circle in a plan view in the designated projection direction and whose height is the long side of the rectangle), the bottom surface is in contact with the inclined surface shown in FIG. Thus, three-dimensional graphic data in which a desired column is arranged can be obtained. As described above, according to the present invention, the projection map corresponding to the designated projection direction inclined with respect to the reference projection direction is created, and the shape of the projection figure is designated on the projection map, thereby obtaining the reference coordinates. Since graphic data representing a solid in the system can be obtained, an operation of arranging another solid on an inclined surface in the reference coordinate system can be easily performed. Therefore, unlike the case where the three-dimensional arrangement is performed by using the movement function, the degree of freedom of the arrangement is not excessive, and on the contrary, the work of the user of the three-dimensional CAD system is performed by using the restriction of the arrangement. The burden can be greatly reduced, and the design work can be efficiently advanced. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to create a projection view in an arbitrary designated projection direction and to use it for creating a three-dimensional object. The designated projection figure can be converted into a projection figure in the reference projection direction, and figure data in a reference coordinate system can be created. Therefore, by designating the shape of the projected figure on the projection view in the designated projection direction, the work of arranging a new solid on a surface inclined with respect to the reference projection direction can be easily performed, and the user's work burden Can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency of design work can be dramatically improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional CA to which a projection diagram creation apparatus according to the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a D system. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a projection diagram in a reference projection direction. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a projection diagram in a designated projection direction. FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional CAD to which a conventional projection drawing creating apparatus is applied.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a system. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of solids. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Graphic data holding means 102 First drawing means 103 Graphic data creation means 111 Designated direction input means 112 Second drawing means 113 Display means 114 Transformation means 210 Projection drawing creation device 211 Projection direction setting unit 212 Matrix Creation unit 213 Designation matrix holding unit 214 Mode switching unit 215 Conversion matrix holding unit 216 Conversion processing unit 301 Mouse 302 Keyboard 303 Input interpretation unit 304 Graphic data holding unit 305 Drawing data creation unit 306 Drawing data holding unit 307 Drawing processing unit 308 Frame memory 309 Display device 311 Graphic data creation unit 312 Projection processing unit 313 Matrix holding unit 321 Graphic model database 322 Search processing unit 323 Graphic operation unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 17/50

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] Graphic data representing a three-dimensional shape in a coordinate system as a reference is stored in graphic data storing means, and first drawing means based on the graphic data. Creates a projection diagram in a reference projection direction corresponding to the reference coordinate system, and, in response to an input of a projection diagram in the projection diagram, a diagram data creating means, wherein a three-dimensional diagram data represented by the projection diagram is displayed. And a designated direction input unit for inputting information indicating an arbitrary projection direction as information indicating a designated projection direction, and indicating the designated projection direction. Second drawing means for drawing a figure to be projected on a projection plane corresponding to the designated projection direction based on the information and the figure data; and a projection drawing by the first drawing means and the second drawing hand. Display means for selectively displaying any one of the projection figures according to the above, and in response to the input of a new projection figure on the projection plane corresponding to the designated projection direction, the new projection figure corresponds to the reference projection direction. Conversion means for converting the figure into a figure to be projected on the projection plane to be transmitted to the figure data creating means, and wherein the first drawing means makes a projection corresponding to the reference projection direction.
This is a configuration that draws a perspective view together with the three views as a shadow view.
In the perspective view, the designated direction input means points to one of the surfaces forming the solid.
Surface designation means for inputting as a fixed surface, and a straight line designating a straight line within the designated surface in the perspective view.
A line specifying means, a normal vector of the specified surface, and a direction of a straight line in the specified surface
Three directions indicating the specified projection direction based on the vector
Vector calculation means for obtaining a vector.
A projection diagram creating apparatus, characterized in that: