JP2020001075A - Lamination molding plan design method of laminate molded article, production method, production device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a lamination molding plan design method of a laminate molded article capable of suppressing as much as possible deformation due to thermal contraction in lamination molding time, for enhancing molding accuracy, a production method, a production device and a program.SOLUTION: There is provided the lamination molding plan design method of a laminate molded article for laminating and molding a plurality of weld bead layers B formed of a weld bead which is formed by melting and solidifying a filler metal Fm for molding, comprising: a lamination direction setting step for setting a lamination direction of the weld bead layers B using three-dimensional shape data of the molded lamination molded article W; a division position setting step for, when forming the weld bead layer B along the lamination direction on a base material M, determining a neutral position where thermal contraction in whole lamination molded article W due to heat of the weld bead becomes minimum, then, setting the neutral position to a division position S for dividing the lamination molded article W into a plurality of regions in the lamination direction; and a base material selection step for selecting the base material M having size and shape including the division position S.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2E

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for designing and designing a layered product of a layered product, a manufacturing method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a program.

In recent years, there is a growing need for modeling using a 3D printer as a production means, and research and development are proceeding toward the practical use of modeling using a metal material. A 3D printer that forms a metal material uses a heat source such as a laser, an electron beam, and an arc to melt a metal powder or a metal wire, and laminate the molten metal to produce a layered product.
In addition, when welding plate-like members, a technology is disclosed in which a warpage amount is predicted from a predetermined parameter relating to bonding, and the warpage amount is controlled to form a bonded body having a desired shape (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

JP 2007-237248 A

  By the way, in a lamination molding method of manufacturing a lamination molded article by laminating a molten metal, an arbitrary shape is directly molded by laminating a welding bead layer composed of a welding bead on a base material. At this time, there is a possibility that deformation accompanied by heat shrinkage occurs in the weld bead layer made of the weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying the filler material, thereby lowering the modeling accuracy. For this reason, it is desired to perform the additive manufacturing while minimizing the deformation due to the heat shrinkage.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method, a manufacturing method, and a manufacturing apparatus, and a program, for designing and manufacturing an additive manufacturing object capable of increasing deformation accuracy by minimizing deformation due to thermal shrinkage during additive manufacturing. It is in.

The present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A method of planning and designing a layered product by laminating a plurality of weld bead layers each formed of a weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material on a base material, and
A lamination direction setting step of setting a lamination direction of the weld bead layer using three-dimensional shape data of the lamination object to be molded;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which thermal shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled object due to heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined, and the neutral position is determined by the lamination. A division position setting step of setting a molded object at a division position at which the model is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A base material selecting step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position;
And an additive manufacturing plan design method for the additive manufacturing.
(2) According to the additive manufacturing procedure determined by the additive manufacturing planning method according to any one of (1) to (4), the welded bead layer is stacked on the base material to form the additive manufacturing article. A method of manufacturing a layered object for forming a sheet.
(3) a control unit that determines an additive manufacturing procedure in accordance with the additive manufacturing planning design method described in any one of (1) to (4);
Driven in accordance with the determined additive manufacturing procedure, a molding unit that laminates the weld bead layer on the base material to form the additive molded article,
An apparatus for manufacturing a layered object, comprising:
(4) A program for causing a computer to execute a procedure for determining a lamination molding plan of a lamination molding in which a plurality of weld bead layers each formed of a fusion bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material are laminated on a base material. hand,
To the computer,
Using a three-dimensional shape data of the layered object to be formed, a procedure of setting a layering direction of the weld bead layer;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which thermal shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled object due to heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined, and the neutral position is determined by the lamination. A step of setting the modeled object at a division position at which the object is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position,
A program that executes

  Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method, a manufacturing method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a program of a lamination modeling plan of a lamination molded article capable of minimizing deformation due to heat shrinkage during lamination molding and improving molding accuracy.

It is a schematic structure figure of a manufacturing device which manufactures a layered object of the present invention. It is a schematic side view showing an example of a layered object manufactured by a manufacturing method of the present invention. It is a mimetic diagram of a lamination object explaining a lamination direction setting process. It is a mimetic diagram of a layered object explaining a division position setting process. It is a mimetic diagram of an additive manufacturing thing explaining a base material selection process. It is a mimetic diagram of a layered object explaining a layering process. It is a schematic side view of the manufactured layered product. It is an outline side view of a layered object concerning a reference example. It is a mimetic diagram of a layered object showing a modification state by thermal contraction of a layered object concerning a reference example. It is a mimetic diagram of a layered object showing the state of deformation by thermal contraction of the layered object manufactured by the manufacturing method of this example. It is a figure which shows the lamination molded article which concerns on the modification 1, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a bottom view, (d) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the layered object which concerns on the modification 2, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation state by the thermal contraction of the lamination molded article which concerns on the modification 2, (a) is the schematic front view of the lamination molding in the middle of manufacture, (b) is the schematic front view of the manufactured lamination molding. is there. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing procedure of the layered object which concerns on the modification 2, and (a)-(d) is a schematic front view of the layered object during manufacture, respectively. It is a schematic side view which shows the neutral position in the layered product which concerns on the modification 3. It is a figure explaining the additive manufacturing plan of the additive manufacturing thing which concerns on the modification 3, (a) is a schematic diagram of the additive manufacturing article explaining a division | segmentation position setting process, (b) is a lamination explaining a base material selection process. It is a schematic diagram of a modeled object. It is a figure explaining other additive manufacturing plans of an additive manufacturing thing concerning modification 3, (a) is a mimetic diagram of an additive manufacturing article explaining a division position setting process, and (b) explains a base material selection process. It is a schematic diagram of a layered object to be formed. It is a figure showing the layered object concerning modification 4, (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing procedure of the layered product which concerns on the modification 4, and (a) and (b) are the front views of the layered product in the middle of manufacture, respectively. FIG. 19 is a front view of a layered product according to Modification Example 5. It is a schematic front view of the layered object explaining the lamination direction setting process, the division | segmentation position setting process, and the base material selection process when manufacturing the layered object according to the modification 5. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing procedure of the layered object which concerns on the modification 5, and (a)-(f) is a schematic front view of the layered object during manufacture, respectively.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a layered object according to the present invention.
The manufacturing apparatus 100 for a layered product having this configuration includes a modeling unit 11, which is a layered modeling device, a modeling controller 13 that controls the modeling unit 11, and a power supply device 15.

  The modeling unit 11 includes a welding robot 19 as a torch moving mechanism having a torch 17 provided on a tip shaft, and a filler material supply unit 21 that supplies a filler material (welding wire) Fm to the torch 17. The welding robot 19 is, for example, an articulated robot having six degrees of freedom, and the torch 17 attached to the tip axis of the robot arm is supported so that the filler material Fm can be continuously supplied. The position and posture of the torch 17 can be arbitrarily set three-dimensionally within the range of the degree of freedom of the robot arm.

  The torch 17 generates an arc from the tip of the filler material Fm in a shield gas atmosphere while holding the filler material Fm. The torch 17 has a shield nozzle (not shown), and a shield gas is supplied from the shield nozzle. As the arc welding method, any of a consumable electrode type such as covered arc welding and carbon dioxide arc welding, and a non-consumable electrode type such as TIG welding and plasma arc welding may be used. You. For example, in the case of the consumable electrode type, a contact tip is arranged inside the shield nozzle, and a filler material Fm to which a melting current is supplied is held by the contact tip.

  As the filler material Fm, any commercially available welding wire can be used. For example, it is specified by MAG welding and MIG welding solid wire for mild steel, high tensile steel and low temperature steel (JIS Z 3312), arc welding flux cored wire for mild steel, high tensile steel and low temperature steel (JIS Z 3313), and the like. Wire can be used.

  The filler material Fm is fed from the filler material supply unit 21 to the torch 17 by a feeding mechanism (not shown) attached to a robot arm or the like. Then, in response to a command from the modeling controller 13, the welding robot 19 moves and moves the torch 17 to melt and solidify the continuously supplied filler material Fm. Thereby, a weld bead, which is a melt-solidified body of the filler material Fm, is formed. Then, a layered product W is manufactured by laminating a weld bead layer made of the weld bead.

  The heat source for melting the filler material Fm is not limited to the arc described above. For example, a heat source using another method such as a heating method using an arc and a laser in combination, a heating method using a plasma, and a heating method using an electron beam or a laser may be adopted. When an arc is used, a bead can be easily formed irrespective of the material and the structure while securing the shielding property. When heating with an electron beam or a laser, the amount of heating can be controlled more finely, and the state of the weld bead can be maintained more appropriately, which can contribute to further improvement in the quality of the layered product.

  The modeling controller 13 has a bead map generation unit 31, a program generation unit 33, a storage unit 35, and a control unit 37 to which these are connected. The control unit 37 receives three-dimensional model data (CAD data and the like) representing the shape of the layered object to be produced and various kinds of instruction information from the input unit 39.

  The bead map generation unit 31 generates a bead map including positional information for forming a bead using the input three-dimensional model data of the layered object. The generated bead map is stored in the storage unit 35.

  The program generation unit 33 drives the modeling unit 11 to set a modeling procedure of the layered product W, and generates a program for causing a computer to execute the procedure using the above-described bead map. The generated program is stored in the storage unit 35.

  The storage unit 35 also stores specification information such as various driving units and movable ranges of the modeling unit 11, and the information is appropriately referred to when the program generation unit 33 generates a program or executes a program. The storage unit 35 includes a storage medium such as a memory and a hard disk, and is capable of inputting and outputting various information.

  The modeling controller 13 including the control unit 37 is a computer device having a CPU, a memory, an I / O interface, and the like. The modeling device 13 has a function of reading data and programs stored in the storage unit 35 and processing data and executing programs. And a function of driving and controlling each part of the modeling part 11. The control unit 37 reads and executes a program from the storage unit 35 according to an operation from the input unit 39 or an instruction through communication or the like.

  When the control unit 37 executes the program, the welding robot 19, the power supply device 15, and the like are driven according to a programmed predetermined procedure. The welding robot 19 moves the torch 17 along the programmed trajectory in accordance with a command from the molding controller 13, and also melts the filler material Fm by an arc at a predetermined timing to form a welding bead at a desired position. Form.

  The bead map generation unit 31 and the program generation unit 33 are provided in the modeling controller 13, but are not limited thereto. Although not shown, for example, the bead map generating unit 31 is provided separately from the manufacturing apparatus 100 for the layered object, to an external computer such as a server or a terminal which is separately provided via communication means such as a network or a storage medium. And a program generation unit 33 may be provided. By connecting the bead map generation unit 31 and the program generation unit 33 to an external computer, a bead map and a program can be generated without the need for the manufacturing apparatus 100 for a layered object, and the program generation operation does not become complicated. In addition, by transferring the generated bead map and the program to the storage unit 35 of the modeling controller 13, the operation can be performed in a manner similar to that generated by the modeling controller 13.

  Next, a basic manufacturing procedure for manufacturing a layered object by designing a layered manufacturing plan of the layered object by the manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described for each process.

(Shape data input process)
First, three-dimensional shape data representing the shape of the layered object W is input from the input unit 39 to the control unit 37. The three-dimensional shape data includes not only dimensional information such as coordinates of the outer surface of the layered object W, but also information such as the type of material to be referred to and the final finish as needed.

(Lamination direction setting process)
The lamination direction of the weld bead layer is set using the three-dimensional shape data of the lamination object W to be molded. FIG. 2A shows a layered object W according to an example. As shown in FIG. 2A, the layered object W shown as an example is a rectangular parallelepiped object. In the stacking direction setting step, the three-dimensional shape data of the layered object W having the shape shown in FIG. 2A is input to the control unit 37, and the three-dimensional shape data of the layered object W is used for the stacked object W. Is set in the lamination direction of the weld bead layer that forms the. Here, as shown in FIG. 2B, the case where the lamination direction A of the weld bead layer B forming the layered object W is set up and down is illustrated.

(Division position setting process)
A division position for dividing the layered object W into a plurality of regions in the stacking direction A is set. This division position is a neutral position where when the weld bead layer B is formed on the base material along the lamination direction A, the heat of the weld bead minimizes the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled product W. As shown in FIG. 2C, in a layered product W in which the stacking direction A is set in the up-down direction, the base material is arranged, and the base material is welded along the stacking direction A to each opposing surface facing a plurality of regions of the base material. When forming each of the bead layers B, the neutral position T where the heat shrinkage of the whole of the layered product W due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is the central position in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the layered product W, the neutral position T, which is a vertical central position in the vertical direction that is the layering direction A, is set as the division position S.

(Base material selection process)
After the division position S in the layered object W is set, a base material having a size and a shape including the division position S is selected. As the base material, it is preferable to select a material having a simple shape in order to reduce costs. For example, a flat plate, a round bar, a square bar, a block, and the like are selected. As shown in FIG. 2D, for the layered object W, for example, a base material M formed of a flat plate including a division position S including a planar neutral position T is selected.

(Lamination molding process)
After the determination of the lamination direction A, the setting of the division position S, and the selection of the base material M are performed as described above, the weld bead layer B is stacked on the base material M according to the procedure of the lamination modeling plan. The model W is formed. As shown in FIG. 2E, the flat base material M set in the manufacturing apparatus 100 is formed of weld beads on the front and back surfaces along the movement locus of the torch 17 generated from the set layer shape data. The weld bead layer B is laminated. Specifically, while moving the torch 17 of the modeling part 11 with respect to the front and back surfaces of the base material M by driving of the welding robot 19, the filler material Fm is melted, and the melted filler material Fm is transferred to the base material M. To supply. Thereby, a plurality of weld bead layers B are laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2F, a laminate model W in which the blocks 53 and 55 in which the plurality of weld bead layers B are laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M is formed.

Here, a reference example will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3A, in the reference example, a plate-shaped base material M is provided on one end side in the stacking direction A, and a weld bead layer B is stacked on one surface of the base material M to form a layered product W. Manufacturing. In this reference example, as shown in FIG. 3B, by continuously depositing the weld bead layers B in one direction, heat shrinkage is accumulated in one direction, and the target shape (shape indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 3B) is obtained. ), The layered object W is deformed in an uneven manner, and the molding accuracy is reduced.

  On the other hand, according to the present example, as shown in FIG. A neutral position T at which the shrinkage is minimized is determined, and the neutral position T is set to a division position S at which the layered object W is divided into a plurality of regions in the stacking direction A, and a size and a shape including the division position S are set. Select the base material M. Therefore, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the selected base material M to produce the laminated structure W, the heat shrinkage is well-balanced in the regions on both the front and back surfaces of the base material M, so that the heat of the weld bead is reduced. The effect of heat shrinkage can be minimized. Thereby, deformation due to heat shrinkage and unevenness of heat shrinkage can be suppressed, and the layered object W can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

Next, various modifications will be described.
(Modification 1)
As shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5D, the laminated object W1 according to Modification 1 has square tube portions 63 and 65 having different outer shapes on the front and back of a plate-shaped base material M. The rectangular tube portions 63 and 65 are formed by laminating the weld bead layers B. In this layered product W1, assuming that the layering direction is A, the boundary between the rectangular tube portions 63 and 65 is a planar neutral position T. Therefore, when manufacturing the layered object W1, the neutral position T is set to the division position S at which the neutral position T is divided into two regions in the stacking direction A (division position setting step). Then, a flat base material M including a division position S consisting of a planar neutral position T is selected (base material selection step), and a weld bead layer B is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M. In this way, the layered product W1 in which the rectangular cylindrical portions 63 and 65 having different outer shapes are formed on the front and back of the flat base material M is formed (the layered manufacturing process).

  Also in the case of Modification Example 1, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the selected base material M to manufacture the laminated model W1, the heat shrinkage is well-balanced in the regions on both the front and back surfaces of the base material M. Therefore, the influence of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the weld bead can be minimized.

(Modification 2)
As shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the layered object W2 according to Modification 2 has block portions 73 and 75 having different outer shapes on the front and back surfaces of a plate-shaped base material M. These block portions 73 and 75 are formed by laminating a weld bead layer B. Assuming that the direction of lamination is A, the boundary between the block portions 73 and 75 becomes a planar neutral position T. Therefore, when manufacturing the layered object W2, the neutral position T is set to the division position S at which the neutral position T is divided into two regions in the stacking direction A (division position setting step). Then, a flat base material M including a division position S consisting of a planar neutral position T is selected (base material selection step), and a weld bead layer B is laminated on the front and back of the base material M. Thereby, the layered product W2 in which the block portions 73 and 75 having different outer shapes are formed on the front and back surfaces of the plate-shaped base material M is formed (layered forming process).

  When manufacturing the layered object W2 according to the second modification, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the block 73 on one side of the base material M is formed, the block 73 is formed. Is formed, a bending stress F1 is applied under the influence of the thermal contraction of the block portion 73. Thereafter, when the block portion 75 on the other region side is formed, as shown in FIG. 7B, the bending stress F2 in the direction opposite to the direction when the block portion 73 is formed due to the thermal shrinkage of the other block portion 75. Is given. As a result, there is a possibility that large heat shrinkage is imparted to each of the regions in the laminate modeled object W2 so that distortion is caused.

  For this reason, when modeling the layered product W2, the weld bead layer B is laminated as described below in order to suppress distortion due to heat shrinkage.

  A weld bead layer B is formed on one area of the base material M. Then, as shown in FIG. 8A, the weld bead layer B was formed at the neutral position T0 of the layered product in the middle of the formation with respect to the division position S due to the thermal shrinkage of the formed weld bead layer B. Displaced to one side.

  From this state, the weld bead layer B is formed in the other area on the side opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the division position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8B, the neutral position T0 is displaced to the other region side where the weld bead layer B is formed due to the thermal shrinkage of the formed weld bead layer B.

  From this state, the weld bead layer B is formed in one region on the side opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the division position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8C, the neutral position T0 is displaced to one side of the region where the weld bead layer B is formed due to the thermal contraction of the formed weld bead layer B.

  Similarly, a weld bead layer B is formed in the other area opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the division position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8D, the neutral position T0 is displaced to the other region side where the weld bead layer B is formed due to the thermal shrinkage of the formed weld bead layer B.

  As described above, when the weld bead layer B is laminated on the base material M, the weld bead layer B is laminated on the side opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the division position S while the molding is being formed. Accordingly, the modeling can be performed while the neutral position T0 of the layered product in the middle of the modeling is close to the division position S, and the deformation due to the heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage can be suppressed in a more balanced manner.

(Modification 3)
As shown in FIG. 9, in the layered structure W3 according to the third modification, the neutral position T changes along a specific direction C orthogonal to the layering direction A of the weld bead layer B. The case where the division position S is set in the layered object W3 in which the neutral position T changes along the specific direction C will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 10A, the layered object W3 is divided into regions where the neutral position T is continuous in a specific direction C orthogonal to the layering direction A. Next, a divided body having the largest volume is selected from the plurality of divided bodies W3a, W3b, W3c, W3d. In the layered object W3, since the divided body having the largest volume is W3b, the divided body W3b is selected. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, the neutral position T of the selected divided body W3b is set to the divided position S. Thereafter, a flat base material M including the division position S is selected (base material selection step), and a weld bead layer B is stacked on the front and back surfaces of the base material M to form a layered product W3 (layered molding). Process).

  Next, another method of setting the division position S of the laminated structure W3 according to the third modification in which the neutral position T changes along the specific direction C orthogonal to the lamination direction A of the weld bead layer B will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 11A, the layered object W3 is divided along the stacking direction A at a position where the volume is equally divided. Then, as shown in FIG. 11B, the division positions of the divided bodies W3e and W3f divided at positions where the volumes are equally divided are set as division positions S which are used as selection criteria for the base material M. Thereafter, a flat base material M including the division position S is selected (base material selection step), and a weld bead layer B is stacked on the front and back surfaces of the base material M to form a layered product W3 (layered molding). Process).

  As described above, according to the third modification, the deformation due to the heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage when manufacturing the complex shaped object W3 having a complicated shape whose shape changes in the specific direction C orthogonal to the stacking direction A are suppressed in a well-balanced manner. be able to.

(Modification 4)
As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the layered product W4 according to Modification 4 has four block portions 93, 95, 97, and 99 having different outer shapes. The block portions 93 and 95 and the block portions 97 and 99 extend in directions facing each other.

  In such a layered object W4, for example, a stacking direction A1 along the block portions 93 and 95 and a layer direction A2 along the block portions 97 and 99 are set using the three-dimensional shape data of the layered object W4 to be formed. (Lamination direction setting step).

  Next, the division position of the layered object W4 is set. Specifically, the neutral positions T at which the heat shrinkage of the entire layered product W4 due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized are determined for the set lamination directions A1 and A2. Then, these neutral positions T are set to the division positions S1 and S2 (division position setting step).

  After the division positions S1 and S2 in the layered object W4 are set, a base material M having a size and a shape including the intersection S0 of these division positions S1 and S2 is selected (base material selection step). For example, as the base material M, a bar having a simple shape that can minimize the cost is selected. Here, a bar made of a round bar is used. The base material M is not limited to a round bar material, but may be a square bar material.

  After determining the stacking directions A1 and A2, setting the division positions S1 and S2, and selecting the base material M, the weld bead layers B are stacked in the stacking directions A1 and A2 on the base material M made of a round bar. The blocks 93, 95, 97, and 99 are formed (lamination forming process). At this time, as shown in FIG. 13A, first, block portions 93 and 95 facing each other along the stacking direction A1 are formed on the base material M. Then, after forming the block portions 93 and 95, as shown in FIG. 13B, the block portions 97 and 99 facing the base material M along the stacking direction A2 are formed.

  As described above, in the fourth modification, the division positions S1 and S2 including the plurality of neutral positions T determined by setting the plurality of stacking directions A1 and A2 are set, and the intersection of the division positions S1 and S2 is set. A base material M having a size and shape including S0 is selected. Therefore, the laminated molded article W4 in which the weld bead layers B are laminated in a direction orthogonal to the base material M made of a bar is manufactured with high molding precision while suppressing deformation due to heat shrinkage and unevenness of heat shrinkage more finely. be able to.

(Modification 5)
As illustrated in FIG. 14, the layered product W5 according to Modification Example 5 has three block portions 103, 105, and 107. These block portions 103, 105, and 107 extend radially.

  As shown in FIG. 15, in such a layered object W5, for example, using the three-dimensional shape data of the layered object W5 to be formed, a stacking direction A1 along the block portion 103 and a layering direction A2 along the block portion 105 are used. Then, the stacking direction A3 along the block 107 is set (stacking direction setting step).

  Next, the division position of the layered object W5 is set. Specifically, with respect to the set lamination directions A1, A2, and A3, the neutral positions T at which the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate model W5 due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized are determined, and these neutral positions T are divided into the division positions S1. , S2, S3 (division position setting step).

  After the division positions S1, S2, and S3 in the layered object W5 are set, a base material M having a size and shape including an intersection S0 of the division positions S1, S2, and S3 is selected (base material selection step). For example, as the base material M, a round bar having a simple shape capable of minimizing cost is selected.

  After the determination of the lamination directions A1, A2, A3, the setting of the division positions S1, S2, S3 and the selection of the base material M, the welding bead layers B are stacked on the base material M made of a round bar in the stacking directions A1, A2. , A3 to form the block portions 103, 105, and 107 (lamination forming process). When the welding bead layer B is laminated on the base material M, the welding bead layer B is laminated in the laminating directions A1, A2, A3 while suppressing the bias of the heat shrinkage. Specifically, when the weld bead layer B is laminated on the base material M, the intersections T0 of the neutral positions along the lamination directions A1, A2, and A3 of the molded product in the middle of the molding are divided into the division positions S1, S2, and S3. It should be kept as far as possible from the intersection S0 of S3.

  Here, FIG. 16 is a cross-section T0 of the neutral position of the layered product in the middle of modeling when the weld bead layer B is laminated in the laminating direction A1, A2, A3 on the base material M made of a round bar material in this order. Shows the fluctuation of

  As shown in FIG. 16A, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the stacking direction A1. Then, due to the effect of thermal contraction of the weld bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the layered product in the middle of modeling is displaced along the stacking direction A1 toward the region where the weld bead layer B is stacked.

  From this state, as shown in FIG. 16B, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the laminating direction A2. Then, due to the influence of thermal contraction of the weld bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the layered product in the course of modeling is displaced along the stacking directions A1 and A2 toward the region where the weld bead layer B is stacked.

  Further, from this state, as shown in FIG. 16C, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the laminating direction A3. Then, the heat shrinkage of the weld bead layer B is evenly applied to the base material M, so that the intersection T0 of the neutral position of the layered product in the middle of modeling is changed to the intersection S0 of the division positions S1, S2, and S3. Is matched to

  From this state, as shown in FIG. 16D, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the laminating direction A3. Then, due to the effect of thermal contraction of the weld bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated molded article in the course of modeling is displaced along the lamination direction A3 toward the region where the weld bead layer B is laminated.

  From this state, as shown in FIG. 16E, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the stacking direction A1. Then, due to the thermal shrinkage of the weld bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the layered product in the course of modeling is displaced along the stacking directions A1 and A3 toward the region where the weld bead layer B is stacked.

  Further, from this state, a weld bead layer B is formed on the base material M in the laminating direction A2 as shown in FIG. Then, the heat shrinkage of the weld bead layer B is evenly applied to the base material M, so that the intersection T0 of the neutral position of the layered product in the middle of modeling is changed to the intersection S0 of the division positions S1, S2, and S3. Is matched to

  In this way, when laminating the weld bead layer B on the base material M, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the layered object in the middle of modeling is prevented from deviating from the intersection S0 of the division positions S1, S2, S3 as much as possible. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the entire distortion of the manufactured layered product W5.

  As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and a person skilled in the art can change and apply the configuration based on the combination of the components of the embodiment with each other, the description in the specification, and the well-known technology. The present invention is also intended to be included in the scope for which protection is sought.

As described above, the following items are disclosed in this specification.
(1) A method of planning and designing a layered product by laminating a plurality of weld bead layers each formed of a weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material on a base material, and
A lamination direction setting step of setting a lamination direction of the weld bead layer using three-dimensional shape data of the lamination object to be molded;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled product due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined. A division position setting step of setting a molded object at a division position at which the model is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A base material selecting step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position;
And an additive manufacturing plan design method for the additive manufacturing.
According to this additive manufacturing planning design method, when a weld bead layer is formed on the base material along the stacking direction, a neutral position at which the heat shrinkage of the entire additive manufacturing product due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined. The position is set to a division position at which the layered object is divided into a plurality of regions in the stacking direction, and a base material having a size and a shape including the division position is selected. Therefore, when a welded bead layer is laminated on the selected base material to produce a laminated molded article, the influence of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the weld bead can be minimized. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deformation due to the heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage, and to manufacture a layered object with high modeling accuracy.

(2) In the stacking direction setting step, a plurality of stacking directions are set,
In the dividing position setting step, the neutral position is determined for each of the lamination directions and set as the dividing position,
The method according to (1), wherein in the base material selecting step, the base material having a size and a shape including an intersection of the plurality of division positions is selected.
According to this additive manufacturing planning design method, a dividing position composed of a plurality of neutral positions determined by setting a plurality of laminating directions is set, and a base material having a size and a shape including an intersection of the dividing positions is selected. . Therefore, the deformation due to the heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage can be suppressed more minutely, and the layered object can be manufactured with higher modeling accuracy.

(3) In the division position setting step, the layered product is divided into regions where the neutral position is continuous in a specific direction orthogonal to the lamination direction,
The method according to (1) or (2), wherein the neutral position of the divided body having the largest volume is set to the divided position from the plurality of divided bodies.
According to this additive manufacturing planning design method, it is possible to suppress deformation due to heat shrinkage and uneven thermal shrinkage when manufacturing a complex shaped object having a complicated shape whose shape changes in a specific direction orthogonal to the stacking direction in a well-balanced manner.

(4) In the division position setting step, the layered object is divided at a position where the volume is equally divided along the lamination direction, and the division position is set as the division position (1) or (2). 3. The method of planning and designing a layered product of the layered product according to 1.).
According to this additive manufacturing planning design method, it is possible to suppress deformation due to heat shrinkage and uneven thermal shrinkage when manufacturing a complex shaped object having a complicated shape whose shape changes in a specific direction orthogonal to the stacking direction in a well-balanced manner.

(5) According to the additive manufacturing procedure determined by the additive manufacturing planning method according to any one of (1) to (4), the welded bead layer is stacked on the base material to form the additive manufacturing article. A method of manufacturing a layered object for forming a sheet.
According to the method for manufacturing a layered object, it is possible to manufacture a layered object with high modeling accuracy in which deformation due to heat shrinkage generated by the heat of the weld bead and unevenness of the heat shrinkage are suppressed.

(6) In the base material selecting step, the base material made of a plate material is selected, and the weld bead layers are stacked on the front and back surfaces of the base material made of the plate material along the stacking direction. Method for manufacturing a layered object.
According to this method of manufacturing a layered object, a layered object in which a weld bead layer is laminated on the front and back surfaces of a base material made of a plate material can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

(7) In the base material selection step, the base material made of a bar is selected, and the weld bead layers are stacked on the base material made of the bar along the lamination directions orthogonal to each other ( 5) The method for producing a layered object according to 5).
According to the method for manufacturing a layered object, a layered object in which a weld bead layer is stacked in a direction orthogonal to a base material made of a bar can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

(8) In the base material selection step, the base material made of a round bar is selected, and the weld bead layers are radially stacked on the peripheral surface of the base material made of the round bar along the stacking direction. (5) The method for producing a layered object according to (5).
According to this method of manufacturing a layered object, a layered object in which a weld bead layer is radially stacked on a peripheral surface of a base material made of a round bar can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

(9) A control unit that determines an additive manufacturing procedure in accordance with the additive manufacturing planning design method described in any one of (1) to (4),
A modeling unit that is driven according to the determined additive manufacturing procedure, and that laminates the weld bead layer on the base material to form the additive manufacturing article,
An apparatus for manufacturing a layered object, comprising:
According to the apparatus for manufacturing a layered object, it is possible to manufacture a layered object with high modeling accuracy in which deformation due to heat shrinkage caused by the heat of the weld bead and unevenness of the heat shrinkage are suppressed.

(10) A program for causing a computer to execute a procedure for determining an additive manufacturing plan of an additive manufacturing product in which a plurality of weld bead layers each formed of a weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material are stacked on a base material and formed. hand,
To the computer,
Using a three-dimensional shape data of the layered object to be formed, a procedure of setting a layering direction of the weld bead layer;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled product due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined. A step of setting the modeled object at a division position at which the object is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position,
A program that executes
According to this program, the effect of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized when a welded bead layer is stacked on the selected base material to produce a laminated structure. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deformation due to the heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage, and to manufacture a layered object with high modeling accuracy.

11 Modeling Unit 37 Control Unit 100 Manufacturing Apparatus for Laminated Molding A, A1, A2, A3 Laminating Direction B Weld Bead Layer C Specific Direction Fm Filling Material M Base Material S Split Position T Neutral Position W, W1 to W5 Laminated Molding W3a-W3f split body

Claims (10)

A lamination modeling plan design method of a lamination molding in which a base material is formed by laminating a plurality of welding bead layers each formed of a welding bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material,
A lamination direction setting step of setting a lamination direction of the weld bead layer using three-dimensional shape data of the lamination object to be molded;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled product due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined. A division position setting step of setting a molded object at a division position at which the model is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A base material selecting step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position;
And an additive manufacturing plan design method for the additive manufacturing. In the stacking direction setting step, a plurality of stacking directions are set,
In the dividing position setting step, the neutral position is determined for each of the lamination directions and set as the dividing position,
2. The method of planning and designing a layered object according to claim 1, wherein in the step of selecting a substrate, the base material having a size and a shape including an intersection of the plurality of division positions is selected. 3. In the division position setting step, the laminated object is divided into regions where the neutral position is continuous with respect to a specific direction orthogonal to the lamination direction,
The method according to claim 1, wherein the neutral position of the divided body having the largest volume is set to the divided position from the plurality of divided bodies. The said division | segmentation position setting process WHEREIN: The said layered molded article is divided | segmented at the position where a volume becomes equal along the said lamination direction, and the said division | segmentation position is set to the said division | segmentation position. An additive manufacturing plan design method for additive manufacturing.   An additive manufacturing method in which the welded bead layer is stacked on the base material to form the additive manufacturing object according to the additive manufacturing procedure determined by the additive manufacturing planning method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Method of manufacturing a product. 6. The additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein in the base material selecting step, the base material made of a plate material is selected, and the weld bead layers are stacked on the front and back surfaces of the base material made of the plate material along the stacking direction. 7. Method of manufacturing a product. The said base material selection process WHEREIN: The said base material consisting of a bar is selected, and the said welding bead layer is laminated | stacked on the said base material consisting of the said bar along the lamination direction orthogonal to each other. A method for producing a layered product according to the above. The said base material selection process WHEREIN: The said base material which consists of a round bar material is selected, and the said welding bead layer is laminated | stacked radially along the said lamination direction on the peripheral surface of the said base material consisting of the said round bar material. 6. The method for producing a layered object according to item 5. A control unit that determines an additive manufacturing procedure according to the additive manufacturing planning design method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A modeling unit that is driven according to the determined additive manufacturing procedure, and that laminates the weld bead layer on the base material to form the additive manufacturing article,
An apparatus for manufacturing a layered object, comprising: A program for causing a computer to execute a procedure for determining a layered molding plan of a layered object to be formed by laminating a plurality of weld bead layers formed of a weld bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material on a base material,
To the computer,
Using a three-dimensional shape data of the layered object to be formed, a procedure of setting a layering direction of the weld bead layer;
When forming the weld bead layer on the base material along the laminating direction, a neutral position at which the heat shrinkage of the entire laminate modeled product due to the heat of the weld bead is minimized is determined. A step of setting the modeled object at a division position at which the object is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction,
A step of selecting the base material having a size and a shape including the division position,
A program that executes

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