JP2008276572A - Non-contact ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-contact IC card allowing efficient communication. <P>SOLUTION: This non-contact IC card is an information communication medium composed of a card main body comprising an embedded module. The module is provided with a communication means communicating with an external apparatus, and a control means receiving a processing command from the external apparatus via the communication means and transmitting a response signal to the external apparatus when a signal with the processing command is not in conformity with a communication protocol or when the received processing command cannot be processed while the signal with the processing command is in conformity with the communication protocol. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a non-contact type IC card having a wireless communication function and communicating with a reader / writer by electromagnetic waves.

  Conventionally, a non-contact IC card as a portable electronic medium defines a key file, a data file, and the like necessary for its use purpose and use purpose on a non-volatile memory inside the non-contact IC card. Furthermore, it becomes a usable state by writing data in those files. This procedure is generally called non-contact type IC card issue processing.

  The non-contact type IC card incorporates a non-contact type IC chip as an integrated circuit having a CPU, ROM, RAM, nonvolatile memory and the like. In the manufacturing stage, a control program corresponding to each command for processing a command from the outside is recorded in advance in the ROM or the like. In such a non-contact type IC card, a function for executing an issuing process according to an issuing command such as a data write request from the issuing device in the above issuing process is prepared in advance.

  In the conventional non-contact type IC card, in principle, one process is executed by one command, and a response indicating the processing result or the like is returned. For example, in non-contact IC card issuance processing, one command defines one file on the non-volatile memory or writes one unit of data, and returns the processing result as a response. ing. For this reason, in the conventional non-contact IC card issuance processing, the issuance device transmits the issuance command to each non-contact IC card by the number of files and data necessary for the issuance processing, and each non-contact IC card issues This is done by sequentially executing instructions and returning a response indicating the execution result to the issuing device.

  In particular, since non-contact IC cards generally handle important information such as financial information and personal information, the reliability and security of data recorded in the non-contact IC card are emphasized. . In order to increase the reliability and security of data in response to such a request, in a non-contact type IC card, a sequential method in which processing of a given command is received after the processing of a given command is completely completed Is adopted. Furthermore, in recent years, contactless IC cards have been used in various fields. For this reason, the non-contact type IC card has become multifunctional, and one card has various functions. Such a multi-function non-contact IC card needs to define many files in a non-volatile memory or write a large amount of data in the issuing procedure.

  Further, in a non-contact type IC card that uses electromagnetic waves as a communication medium, when a signal transmitted from a reader / writer cannot completely reproduce the received data by the non-contact type IC card and an error occurs, a non-contact type Non-contact IC card if it does not comply with the communication protocol of the IC card, or if the non-contact IC card cannot completely reproduce the received data even if it conforms to the communication protocol and some error occurs. No response is made to the reader / writer, and no response is made.

Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration of an IC card that can receive and process signals modulated in accordance with the standards of ISO 14443-A and ISO 14443-B.
JP 2000-172806 A

  However, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, since there is no description that responds in the case of an error during transmission from the reader / writer to the non-contact type IC card and the case of non-compliance, the reader / writer has a maximum waiting time. There is a problem that occurs.

  In a non-contact type IC card, even if the signal transmitted from the reader / writer does not conform to the communication protocol of the non-contact type IC card or conforms to the communication protocol, the non-contact type IC card completely receives the received data. When a certain error occurs, the response from the non-contact IC card to the reader / writer makes no response only in the case of an error during transmission from the reader / writer to the non-contact IC card. The error can be easily discriminated, the waiting time of the reader / writer due to the non-response of the non-contact type IC card is shortened, and the communication can be efficiently performed.

  One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a non-contact type IC card that enables efficient communication.

  A contactless IC card according to an embodiment of the present invention is an information communication medium including a card body in which a module is embedded, and the module includes a communication unit that communicates with an external device, and the communication unit. When the processing command is received from the external device via the terminal and the signal carrying the processing command is not compliant with the communication protocol, or the signal carrying the processing command is compliant with the communication protocol but received Control means for transmitting a response signal to the external device when the processing command cannot be processed.

  When any error occurs, the response from the non-contact IC card to the reader / writer makes no response only in the case of an error during transmission from the reader / writer to the non-contact IC card. Thus, the waiting time of the reader / writer due to the non-response of the non-contact type IC card is shortened, and the communication can be efficiently performed.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of a non-contact type IC card according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a communication terminal 1 and a non-contact IC card (information communication medium) 2.

  The communication terminal 1 includes a control unit 11, a display 12, a keyboard 13, a card reader / writer 14, and a numeric keypad 15. The control unit 11 executes various applications and inputs / outputs various data. The display 12 displays a result of communication with the non-contact type IC card 2 and the like. The keyboard 13 inputs data such as characters and numbers to the control unit 11 in response to an input operation by the operator. The card reader / writer 14 receives data read from the non-contact type IC card 2 and transmits data to be written to the non-contact type IC card 2. The numeric keypad 15 inputs identification data such as a PIN to the control unit 11 in response to an input operation by the operator.

  As shown in FIG. 2, one non-contact type IC card 2 includes an antenna 21, a detection rectification circuit 22, a power supply circuit 23, a reception circuit 24, a transmission circuit 25, a control unit 26, a ROM 27, a RAM 28, and a nonvolatile memory 29. It has. The antenna 21 is connected to the card reader / writer 14 and receives a signal from the communication terminal 1 or transmits a signal to the communication terminal 1. That is, the antenna 21 functions as an I / F for transmitting / receiving data to / from the communication terminal 1. The detection rectification circuit 22 rectifies and outputs a signal from the communication terminal 1 received via the antenna 21. The receiving circuit 24 arbitrarily demodulates a predetermined carrier wave of the signal from the communication terminal 1 received via the detection rectification circuit 22 and outputs the demodulated signal to the control unit 26. The power supply circuit 23 stabilizes the rectified output from the detection rectifier circuit 22 to generate operating power, and supplies this operating power to the control unit 26 and other circuit units. The transmission circuit 25 modulates transmission data from the control unit 26 and outputs it. The control unit 26 executes a command transmitted from the communication terminal 1. The RAM 28 temporarily stores processing results executed by the control unit 26. The ROM 27 stores a control program executed by the control unit 26 and the like. The non-volatile memory 29 holds the processing result executed by the control unit 26 even after the power supply from the power supply circuit 23 is cut off.

  For example, the ROM 27 stores a plurality of communication conditions (a plurality of communication protocols, a plurality of communication parameters (for example, a plurality of communication rates)) including initial communication conditions (communication protocol, communication parameters (for example, a communication rate)). . By switching the plurality of communication conditions on the non-contact type IC card 2 side, communication between the non-contact type IC card 2 and a plurality of communication terminals having different communication methods becomes possible. The RAM 28 stores communication conditions selected from a plurality of communication conditions stored in the ROM 27. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the RAM 28 stores a communication protocol 281 to be communicated with the communication terminal 1 and a communication parameter (communication rate 282) to be communicated with the communication terminal 1.

  Next, an error from the non-contact IC card 2 to the communication terminal 1 using the ISO / IEC 14443 Type-B communication protocol flowchart generally known as the standard of the non-contact IC card 2 shown in FIG. Will be described in detail. When the non-contact type IC card 2 enters the operable magnetic field region of the communication terminal 1, the detection rectification circuit 22 of the non-contact type IC card 2 rectifies the signal from the communication terminal 1 received via the antenna 21. The power supply circuit 23 stabilizes the rectified output from the detection rectifier circuit 22 and generates an operable magnetic field (step S101). The non-contact type IC card 2 transitions to the idle state within 5 msec (step S102), and enters a command waiting state from the communication terminal 1. When the contactless IC card 2 normally receives REQB (Request command Type B) or WUPB (Wake UP command Type B) from the communication terminal 1 (Step S104, OK), the state becomes Ready Requested (Step S105). . REQB and WUPB are commands for detecting whether or not the type B non-contact type IC card 2 which is a communication method standardized by ISO / IEC 14443 exists in an operable range with the communication terminal 1. When the non-contact IC card 2 normally receives the REQB or WUPB command including the control parameter N, the non-contact IC card 2 transitions to the Ready Requested state (step S105).

  When the contactless IC card 2 receives REQB (Request command Type B) or WUPB (Wake UP command Type B) from the communication terminal 1 abnormally (step S104, NG), the control unit of the contactless IC card 2 26 transmits a command indicating received data NG (step S114) to the communication terminal 1, and the non-contact type IC card 2 transits to the IDLE state (step S102).

  When the control unit 26 of the non-contact type IC card 2 transmits an ATQB (Answer to request command) corresponding to the normally received REQB or WUPB (step S1006), the non-contact type IC card 2 is in the Ready Requested state. (Step S107). ATQB is a request response signal from the non-contact type IC card 2 of type B. In the Ready Requested state, the non-contact IC card 2 waits for an ATTRIB command or a HALT command from the communication terminal 1.

  The ATTRIB command is a command transmitted from the communication terminal 1 and includes information for selecting one contactless IC card 2. When the non-contact type IC card 2 normally receives the ATTRIB command and the PUPI in the ATTRIB command matches the PUPI of the non-contact type IC card 2 (step S108, OK), the non-contact type IC card 2 is ACTIVE. Transition to the state (step S109). If the PUPI in the ATTRIB command does not match the PUPI of the non-contact IC card 2 (step S108, NG), the control unit 26 of the non-contact IC card 2 sends the received data NG to the communication terminal 1 (step S114). Is transmitted, and the non-contact type IC card 2 transits to the IDLE state (step S102). Here, PUPI is an identifier for specifying the non-contact type IC card 2.

  The HLTB command is a stop command for setting the non-contact IC card 2 to the HALT state. When the non-contact IC card 2 normally receives the HLTB command and the PUPI in the HLTB command matches the PUPI of the non-contact IC card 2 (step S112, OK), the non-contact IC card 2 is HALT. Transition to a state (step S111). When the PUPI in the HLTB command does not match the PUPI of the contactless IC card 2 (step S112, NG), the control unit 26 of the contactless IC card 2 indicates the received data NG (step S114) to the communication terminal 1. The command is transmitted, and the non-contact type IC card 2 transits to the IDLE state (step S102). Here, the HALT state is a stopped state in which the non-contact IC card 2 responds only to the WUPB command.

  In the ACTIVE state (step S109), power is supplied to the non-contact type IC card 2 and the higher layer application mode is entered. Next, a card identifier (CID) is assigned to the contactless IC card 2 through an ATTRIB command. The non-contact type IC card 2 receives the application program information in an appropriate format (cyclic redundancy check code B (CRC_B) matched with an appropriate CID).

  Next, when the non-contact type IC card 2 normally receives the DESELECT command (step S110, OK), the non-contact type IC card 2 transitions to the HALT state (step S111). If the non-contact IC card 2 does not normally receive the DESELECT command (step S110, NG), the control unit 26 of the non-contact IC card 2 sends a command indicating the received data NG (step S114) to the communication terminal 1. And the non-contact type IC card 2 transits to the IDLE state (step S102).

  In the HALT state (step S111), the contactless IC card 2 receives the WUPB command (step S113), and when the WUPB command is normal (step S113, OK), wakes up the contactless IC card 2 in the HALT state. Then, the non-contact type IC card 2 transits to the Ready Requested state (step S105).

  In the HALT state (step S111), the contactless IC card 2 receives the WUPB command (step S113), and when the WUPB command is not normal (step S113, NG), the control unit 26 of the contactless IC card 2 A command indicating the received data NG (step S114) is transmitted to the communication terminal 1, and the non-contact type IC card 2 changes to the IDLE state (step S102).

  Further, when the non-contact type IC card 2 is in the idle state (step S102), the ready requested state (step S105), the ready degraded state (step S107), the active state (step S109), or the HALT state (step S111) When the contact IC card 2 is out of the operable magnetic field region of the communication terminal 1, the operable rectification circuit 22 of the non-contact IC card 2 reduces the operable magnetic field (step S103). Then, the power supply circuit 23 of the non-contact type IC card 2 becomes unable to generate operating power and enters the Power Off state (step S100).

  Here, when the contactless IC card 2 receives an abnormal REQB / WUPB command (step S104, NG), receives an abnormal ATTRIB command (step S108, NG), receives an abnormal DESELECTED command. A case (step S110, NG), a case where an abnormal HLTB command is received (step S112, NG), and a case where an abnormal WUPB command is received in the HALT state (step S113, NG) will be described. An abnormal command means that the non-contact IC card 2 cannot reproduce the received data completely even if it does not conform to the communication protocol of the non-contact IC card 2 or conforms to the communication protocol. This is when an error occurs.

  For example, when the non-contact IC card 2 receives an abnormal REQB / WUPB command (step S104, NG), the ATQB format returned to the communication terminal 1 will be described with reference to FIG. At this time, as means for responding from the non-contact type IC card 2 to the communication terminal 1, when responding with a command conforming to the ISO / IEC 14443 Type-B communication protocol, and ISO / IEC 14443 Type-B communication protocol. May respond with non-compliant commands. The non-contact type IC card 2 returns ATQB to the communication terminal 1. At this time, the empty portion is used in 4 bits of Protocol_type of the second byte of the protocol information of the 10th, 11th, and 12th bytes.

  If the non-contact type IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, it is defined as “0001”. If the contactless IC card 2 does not conform to ISO / IEC 14443-4, it is defined as “0000”. Here, since the empty portion of 4 bits of Protocol_type can be used, this is a case where the non-contact type IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, and the non-contact type IC card 2 corresponds to the REQB / WUPB command. Is defined as “1000” when an error occurs.

When the communication terminal 1 receives the ATQB (command with Protocol_type “1000”) transmitted from the non-contact IC card 2, the control unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 communicates with the communication terminal 1. It is possible to easily determine whether the contact IC card 2 is compliant with ISO / IEC 14443-4 or non-compliant. Furthermore, when an error occurs in the non-contact type IC card 2 in response to the REQB / WUPB command transmitted from the communication terminal 1, the non-contact type IC card 2 notifies the communication terminal 1 about the REQB / WUPB command. Since the ATQB is transmitted to the communication terminal 1 with a command indicating that an error has occurred, the control unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 in the communication between the non-contact type IC card 2 and the communication terminal 1 determines at which stage the error The communication terminal 1 can easily determine whether it occurred without waiting time. When responding with a command that does not comply with the communication protocol of ISO / IEC 14443 Type-B, Protocol_type is set to “0000”. When an error occurs in the non-contact IC card 2 in response to the REQB / WUPB command, It transmits a unique format to the communication terminal 1 a ATQB so it can be seen that but has occurred. In communication between the non-contact IC card 2 and the communication terminal 1, the control unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 determines whether an error has occurred, whether it is compliant with ISO / IEC 144443-3 or non-compliant. It is possible to easily determine without waiting time.

  The same applies to cases other than when the non-contact type IC card 2 receives the above-described abnormal REQB / WUPB command (step S104, NG).

That is, the non-contact type IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, and when an error occurs in the non-contact type IC card 2 in response to the ATTRIB command (step S108, NG), for example, Define Protocol_type as “0100”. This is a case where the non-contact type IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, and when an error occurs in the non-contact type IC card 2 in response to the DESELECTED command (step S110, NG), for example, Protocol_type is set. It is defined as “0010”. This is a case where the non-contact IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, and when an error occurs in the non-contact IC card 2 in response to the HLTB command (step S112, NG), for example, Protocol_type is set. It is defined as “1100”. When the non-contact IC card 2 conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4 and an error occurs in the non-contact IC card 2 with respect to the WUPB command (step S113, NG), for example, Protocol_type is set. It is defined as “1010”. The definition of the Protocol_type bit is not limited to the above, and can be arbitrarily changed.

  In this case, when the communication terminal 1 receives the ATQB (command in which Protocol_type is set to one of the above) transmitted from the non-contact IC card 2, the control unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 It is determined that the non-contact IC card 2 that is in communication conforms to ISO / IEC 14443-4, and it is possible to easily determine at which stage an error has occurred without waiting time.

  Also, when responding with a command that does not conform to the ISO / IEC 14443 Type-B communication protocol, Protocol_type is set to “0000”, and no contact is made with any of the ATTRIB command, DESELECTED command, HLTB command, and WUPB command. When an error occurs in the expression IC card 2, the ATQB is transmitted to the communication terminal 1 in a unique format so that it can be understood that the error has occurred. Therefore, in the communication between the non-contact type IC card 2 and the communication terminal 1, the control unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 determines that it is non-compliant with ISO / IEC 144443-3 and waits at which stage an error has occurred. It can be easily distinguished without time.

  As described above, when the non-contact type IC card 2 has an error in processing the command transmitted from the communication terminal 1 in the non-contact type IC card 2 to the communication terminal 1, an error has occurred. The non-contact type IC card 2 makes a transition to the IDLE state. Therefore, it can be seen that there is no response due to an error during transmission from the communication terminal 1 to the contactless IC card 2. That is, since no response is made only with respect to an error during transmission from the communication terminal 1 to the non-contact type IC card 2, it is possible to easily determine the error.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention or a future implementation stage based on the technology available at that time. It is. In addition, the embodiments may be appropriately combined as much as possible, and in that case, the combined effect can be obtained. Further, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, even if some configuration requirements are deleted from all the configuration requirements shown in the embodiment, a configuration from which these configuration requirements are deleted can be extracted as an invention.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the communication system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows schematic structure of the non-contact-type IC card which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the command of the communication system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the format of ATQB transmitted from the non-contact-type IC card which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Communication terminal, 2 ... Non-contact IC card (information communication medium), 11 ... Control part, 12 ... Display, 13 ... Keyboard, 14 ... Card reader / writer, 15 ... Numeric keypad, 21 ... Antenna, 22 ... Detection rectification Circuit, 23 ... Power supply circuit, 24 ... Reception circuit, 25 ... Transmission circuit, 26 ... Control part, 27 ... ROM, 28 ... RAM, 29 ... Non-volatile memory.

Claims (11)

An information communication medium composed of a card body in which a module is embedded,
The module is
A communication means for communicating with an external device;
When a processing command is received from the external device via the communication means and the signal carrying the processing command is not compliant with the communication protocol, or the signal carrying the processing command is compliant with the communication protocol Control means for transmitting a response signal to the external device when the received processing command cannot be processed,
A non-contact type IC card comprising:   When the processing command received from the external device conforms to the communication protocol of the information communication medium, the control means transmits the response signal conforming to the communication protocol and receives from the external device 2. The contactless IC card according to claim 1, wherein when the processing command is not compliant with a communication protocol of the information communication medium, the response signal not compliant with the communication protocol is transmitted.   3. The non-contact type IC card according to claim 2, wherein, when the response means conforms to a communication protocol, the control means transmits the response signal that differs depending on the received processing command.   4. The non-response according to claim 3, wherein the response signal displays that the signal carrying the processing command complies with a communication protocol and the type of the received processing command in 4 bits set in advance. Contact IC card. A communication means for transmitting a processing command;
Terminal control means for determining whether or not the processing command transmitted by the communication means has been processed based on reception of a response signal to the processing command transmitted by the communication means;
A communication terminal comprising:   The communication terminal according to claim 5, wherein the terminal control unit determines a type of the processing command in which an error has occurred based on reception of the response signal. Terminal communication means for transmitting a processing command to the non-contact type IC card;
A communication terminal comprising: a terminal control unit that determines whether or not the processing command transmitted by the terminal communication unit has been processed based on reception of a response signal to the processing command transmitted by the terminal communication unit; ,
An information communication medium composed of a card body in which a module is embedded,
The module is a communication unit that communicates with the communication terminal, and when the processing command is received from the communication terminal via the communication unit, and the signal carrying the processing command is non-compliant with a communication protocol, or A non-contact IC card comprising control means for transmitting the response signal to the communication terminal when the signal carrying the processing command conforms to a communication protocol but cannot process the received processing command; ,
A communication system comprising:   When the processing command received from the external device conforms to the communication protocol of the information communication medium, the control means transmits the response signal conforming to the communication protocol and receives from the external device 8. The communication system according to claim 7, wherein when the processing command is not compliant with a communication protocol of the information communication medium, the response signal not compliant with the communication protocol is transmitted.   9. The communication system according to claim 8, wherein, when transmitting the response signal conforming to a communication protocol, the control unit transmits the response signal that differs depending on the received processing command.   10. The communication according to claim 9, wherein the response signal displays that the signal carrying the processing command conforms to a communication protocol and the type of the received processing command in 4 bits set in advance. system.   8. The communication system according to claim 7, wherein the terminal control unit determines a type of the processing command in which an error has occurred based on reception of the response signal.

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