JP2007305298A - Information storage medium, reproducing method and device and recording method for information storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an information storage medium in which defect management being suitable for continuous recording is performed. <P>SOLUTION: The information storage medium (1001) is provided with: first area (1004) in which first information and second information being different from the first information are recorded; second area (3413) in which when the first information is recorded for the first area, first defect management information about defect of area corresponding to recording destination of the first information is recorded; and third area (3414) in which when the second information is recorded for the first area, second defect management information being information about defect of area corresponding to recording destination of the second information and being different from the first defect management information, is recorded. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an information storage medium, an information storage medium reproduction method and apparatus, and a recording method.

  LD (Laser Disc (registered trademark)) and DVD video discs exist as information storage media on which video information or audio information is recorded. However, the above information storage medium is for reproduction only, and there is no defective area on the information storage medium.

A DVD-RAM disk currently exists as a medium for recording computer information. This medium can be additionally recorded, and an alternative processing method for a defective area generated on the information storage medium has been established.

  As an alternative processing method for a defective area when computer information is recorded on a RAM disk, there is a so-called linear replacement process.

  When there is a defective area, this process secures an alternative area in a spare area (Spare Area) secured in another area physically separated from the user area (Logical Area). This is a method of setting a block number (LBN). In this method, when recording or reproducing information on a disk, if there is a defective area in the middle of recording or reproduction on the disk, the optical head records or records data in a spare area at a physically separated position. And then return to the interrupted position and record the following data. For this reason, the optical head must be moved frequently (see FIG. 16D).

On the other hand, the file system technology is also important for efficient access. There are techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as file system techniques.
Japanese Patent Application No. 10-263716 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-013728) International Publication No. 98/14938 Pamphlet

  The department responsible for information processing and recording / playback of information in this computer system consists of recording / playback application software (hereinafter abbreviated as recording / playback application) 1 layer, file system (File System) 2 layer, optical disk drive (Optical Disk Drive). ODD) It is considered that the control hierarchy is divided into three layers.

  Here, commands serving as interfaces are defined between the layers. Also, the addresses handled in each layer are different. In other words, the recording / playback application 1 handles the ave address (AV Address), the file system (File System) 2 handles the logical sector number (LSN) or the logical block number (LBN) based on the AV Address, and the ODD 3 The physical sector number (PSN) is handled based on the number (BSN) and the logical block number (LBN) (see FIG. 5).

  However, if effective information is used between the file system and the recording / playback application layer, and also between the physical layer and this does not lead to efficient operation, smooth access and high-speed information processing cannot be obtained.

  Therefore, in this invention, the addresses used by the application layer, the file system layer, and the disk drive layer are specialized, and the provider using the application layer designs the playback order of contents without considering the addresses of other layers. It is an object of the present invention to provide an information storage medium, a playback method of the information storage medium, a playback device, and a recording method that are designed so that files can be handled and unrecorded areas can be easily searched.

  According to the present invention, in an information storage medium in which AV data and management information are recorded, an AV file in which the AV data is stored and includes an unrecorded position, and file management information for managing the recording position of the AV file are defined. And an application layer in which an information processing method for the AV file is set, a file system layer, and a disk drive layer in which information recording / reproduction control is set, and address information for the information storage medium, The application layer uses an AV address as address information, the file system layer uses a logical block number and a logical sector number as address information, the disk drive layer uses a physical sector number as address information, and the logical block number And the logical sector number are related to each other. The logical sector number is associated with the physical sector number, and a main volume descriptor sequence is set in the logical sector number space as information for managing the volume of the information storage medium. The pointer is set in the vicinity of the boundary between the logical sector number space and the non-logical sector number space.

  By using the above means, specialize the addresses used by the application layer, file system layer, and disk drive layer respectively, and the provider using the application layer can design the playback order of the content without having to consider the addresses of other layers. It is designed so that the volume can be recognized easily.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the code is written in the block.

  34, 35, 73, and 74 are representative views showing the characteristics of the information storage medium of the present invention. First, the features of the information storage medium of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 34, FIG. 35, FIG. 73, and FIG.

  First, the data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

  In the data area 1004, PC information and AV information are recorded as necessary. When PC information is recorded in the Data Area 1004, if there is a defect in an area corresponding to the PC information recording destination, a linear replacement algorithm is executed. At this time, defect management information (first defect management information) associated with the linear replacement process is recorded in an SDL (Secondary Defect List) 3413. On the other hand, when AV information is recorded in the Data Area 1004, if there is a defect in an area corresponding to the recording destination of this AV information, a skipping replacement algorithm is executed. Defect management information (second defect management information) associated with this skipping replacement process is recorded in a TDL (Tertiary Defect List). Further, defect management information on the information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus (the above-described first and second defect management information) indicates a defect area by a physical address. Although the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process will be described in detail later, a skipping replacement process that does not inhibit continuous recording is applied to recording information that is desired to be continuously recorded such as AV information. Conversely, linear replacement processing using a spare area is applied to recording information such as PC information that does not place importance on continuous recording.

  Next, the data structure of defect management information on the information storage medium managed by the file system (File System) 2 will be described. FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the file system 2.

  In the data area 1004, PC information and AV information are recorded as necessary. When PC information is recorded in the Data Area 1004, if there is a defect in an area corresponding to the PC information recording destination, linear replacement processing is executed. At this time, defect management information (first defect management information) associated with the linear replacement process is recorded in an SDM (Secondary Defect Map) 3471. On the other hand, when AV information is recorded in the Data Area 1004, if there is a defect in the area corresponding to the recording destination of this AV information, skipping replacement processing is executed. Defect management information (second defect management information) associated with this skipping replacement process is recorded in a TDM (Tertiary Defect Map). Further, the defect management information on the information storage medium managed by the file system (the above-described first and second defect management information) indicates a defect area by a logical address.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 73 and 74, the defect management information (the above-described first and second defect management information) on the information storage medium managed by the file system is registered as a defect extent (Extent). May be.

  Next, the schematic structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 is mainly composed of two blocks. An information reproducing unit or information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 rotates an information storage medium (optical disk) and reads information recorded in the information storage medium (optical disk) in advance using an optical head (or information storage medium) (Recording new information on (optical disc)). Specifically, a spindle motor for rotating an information storage medium (optical disk), an optical head for reproducing information recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk), and an information storage medium (optical disk) on which information to be reproduced is recorded An optical head moving mechanism for moving the optical head to a radial position, various servo circuits, and the like are included. A detailed description of this block using FIG. 2 will be described later.

  The application configuration unit (application block) 102 performs processing on the reproduction signal c obtained from the information reproduction unit or information recording / reproduction unit (physical block) 101 to reproduce reproduction information a outside the information reproduction device or information recording / reproduction device 103. It works to transmit. The configuration in this block changes depending on the specific use (purpose of use) of the information reproducing apparatus or information recording / reproducing apparatus 103. The configuration of the application configuration unit (application block) 102 will also be described later.

In the case of an information recording / reproducing apparatus, recording information b given from the outside is recorded on an information storage medium (optical disk) by the following procedure.
The recording information b given from the outside is directly transferred to the application configuration unit (application block) 102.
After processing the recording information b in the application configuration unit (application block) 102, the recording signal d is transmitted to the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101.
The transmitted recording signal d is recorded on the information storage medium in the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101.

  Next, the internal structure of the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining an example of the configuration in the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

  Description of basic functions of the information recording / playback unit.

  In the information recording / reproducing unit, new information is recorded or rewritten (including erasure of information) at a predetermined position on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by using a focused spot of the laser beam. In addition, the recorded information is reproduced from a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 using a focused spot of the laser beam.

  Explanation of means for achieving basic functions of information recording / reproducing unit.

  In order to achieve the above basic function, the information recording / reproducing unit traces (follows) the focused spot along the track on the information storage medium 201. Information recording / reproducing / erasing is switched by changing the amount of light (intensity) of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201. The recording signal d given from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording with high density and low error rate.

  Explanation of structure of mechanism part and operation of detection part.

<< Basic structure of optical head 202 and signal detection circuit >>
<Signal detection by optical head 202>
The optical head 202 basically includes a semiconductor laser element that is a light source, a photodetector, and an objective lens. Laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element is focused on an information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by an objective lens. The laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium 201 is photoelectrically converted by the photodetector.

  The detection current obtained by the photodetector is subjected to current-voltage conversion by the amplifier 213 and becomes a detection signal. This detection signal is processed by the focus / track error detection circuit 217 or the binarization circuit 212.

  In general, a photodetector is divided into a plurality of light detection areas, and individually detects changes in the amount of light applied to each light detection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 217 calculates the sum / difference for each detection signal to detect the focus shift and the track shift. After substantially eliminating the focus shift and the track shift by this detection and servo operation, a change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium 201 is detected, and the signal on the information storage medium 201 is detected. Play.

<Defocus detection method>
Examples of methods for optically detecting the focus shift amount include the following:
[Astigmatism Method] An optical element (not shown) that generates astigmatism is arranged in the detection optical path of the laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium 201 to detect light. This is a method for detecting a change in the shape of the laser light irradiated on the vessel. The light detection area is divided into four diagonal lines. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, the signal from the diagonal detection area is summed in the focus / track error detection circuit 217, and a difference between the sums is obtained to obtain a focus error detection signal.

  [Knife Edge Method]... Is a method of arranging a knife edge that shields a part of the laser light reflected by the information storage medium 201 asymmetrically. The light detection area is divided into two, and a focus error detection signal is obtained by taking a difference between detection signals obtained from the respective detection areas.

  Usually, either the astigmatism method or the knife edge method is employed.

<Track deviation detection method>
An information storage medium (optical disk) 201 has a spiral or concentric track, and information is recorded on the track. Information is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing the focused spot along the track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative positional deviation between the track and the focused spot.

In general, the following method is used as a method of detecting a track deviation:
[Differential Phase Detection Method] A change in intensity distribution on the photodetector of the laser beam reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is detected. The light detection area is divided into four diagonal lines. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, a sum of signals from the diagonal detection area is taken in the focus / track error detection circuit 217, and a difference between the sums is obtained to obtain a track error detection signal.

  [Push-Pull Method]... The intensity distribution on the photodetector of the laser light reflected by the information storage medium 1201 is detected. The light detection area is divided into two, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking a difference between detection signals obtained from the respective detection areas.

  [Twin Spot (Twin-Spot) Method]. ± .1 that diffracts light in the light transmission system between the semiconductor laser element and the information storage medium 201, divides the light into a plurality of wavefronts, and irradiates the information storage medium 201. Changes in the amount of reflected light of the next diffracted light are detected. In addition to the light detection area for detecting the reproduction signal, a light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light amount of the + 1st order diffracted light and the reflected light amount of the −1st order diffracted light is arranged, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking a difference between the respective detection signals. Get.

<Objective lens actuator structure>
An objective lens (not shown) for condensing the laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element on the information storage medium 201 has a structure that can move in two axial directions according to the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. ing. There are the following two moving directions of the objective lens. That is, the direction moves in the direction perpendicular to the information storage medium 201 for focus deviation correction, and moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 for track deviation correction.

An objective lens moving mechanism (not shown) is called an objective lens actuator. For example, the following objective lens actuator structure is often used:
[Axis sliding method] ... A method in which the blade integrated with the objective lens moves along the central axis (shaft), and the blade moves in the direction along the central axis to correct focus deviation. This is a method of correcting the track deviation by the rotational movement of the blade.

  [Four-wire system] This is a method in which a blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires, and the blade is moved in two axial directions using elastic deformation of the wire.

  Each of the above systems has a structure in which a blade is moved by passing a current through a coil connected to the blade having a permanent magnet and a coil.

<Rotation control system of information storage medium 201>
An information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on a rotary table 221 that is rotated by the driving force of the spindle motor 204.

  The rotation speed of the information storage medium 10 is detected by a reproduction signal obtained from the information storage medium 201. That is, the detection signal (analog signal) output from the amplifier 213 is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 212, and a constant cycle signal (reference clock signal) is generated from the signal by the PLL circuit 211. The information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 detects the rotation speed of the information storage medium 201 using this signal and outputs the value.

  A correspondence table of information storage medium rotation speeds corresponding to radial positions to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the information storage medium 201 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. When the reproduction position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 220 refers to the semiconductor memory 219 information, sets the target rotation speed of the information storage medium 201, and notifies the spindle motor drive circuit 215 of the value.

  The spindle motor drive circuit 215 obtains a difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214, and supplies a drive current corresponding to the result to the spindle motor 204. The spindle motor 204 is controlled to have a constant rotation speed. The output signal of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the number of rotations of the information storage medium 201. In the spindle motor drive circuit 215, both the frequency and the pulse phase of this pulse signal are detected. Then, control (frequency control and phase control) is performed.

<Optical head moving mechanism>
This mechanism has an optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 for moving the optical head 202 in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201.

  As a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 202, a rod-shaped guide shaft is often used. In this guide mechanism, the optical head 202 is moved using friction between the guide shaft and a bush attached to a part of the optical head 202. In addition, there is a method using a bearing in which frictional force is reduced by using rotational motion.

  A driving force transmission method for moving the optical head 202 is not shown, but a rotating motor with a pinion (rotating gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack that is a linear gear meshing with the pinion is attached to the optical head 202. Arranged on the side surface, the rotary motion of the rotary motor is converted into the linear motion of the optical head 202. As another driving force transmission method, there is a case of using a linear motor system in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and a current is passed through a coil arranged in the optical head 202 and moved in a linear direction.

  In both the rotary motor and linear motor systems, a driving force for moving the optical head 202 is generated basically by passing a current through the feed motor. This driving current is supplied from a feed motor driving circuit 216.

<< Functions of each control circuit >>
<Condensing spot trace control>
A circuit that supplies a drive current to an objective lens actuator (not shown) in the optical head 202 in accordance with an output signal (detection signal) of the focus / track error detection circuit 217 in order to perform focus deviation correction or track deviation correction. This is an objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. The drive circuit 218 includes a phase compensation circuit for improving characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator in order to make the objective lens move at high speed up to a high frequency range.

In the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218, in response to a command from the control unit 220,
(A) On / off processing of focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop);
(B) a process of moving the objective lens at a low speed in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the information storage medium 201 (executed when the focus / track loop is off);
(C) Using the kick pulse, the objective lens is slightly moved in the radial direction (direction crossing the track) of the information storage medium 201 to move the focused spot to the adjacent track.

<< Laser light quantity control >>
<Switching between playback and recording / erasing>
Switching between reproduction and recording / erasing is performed by changing the light amount of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201.

For information storage media using the phase change method,
[Light intensity during recording]> [Light intensity during erasure]> [Light intensity during playback] (1)
In general, for information storage media using the magneto-optical method,
[Light intensity during recording] ≒ [Light intensity during erase]> [Light intensity during playback] (2)
There is a relationship. In the case of the magneto-optical method, the recording and erasing processes are controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the information storage medium 201 during recording / erasing.

  At the time of information reproduction, the information storage medium 201 is continuously irradiated with a certain amount of light.

  In the case of recording new information, a pulsed intermittent light amount is added on the light amount at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser element emits a pulse with a large amount of light, the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201 locally undergoes an optical change or a shape change, and a recording mark is formed. In the case of overwriting on an already recorded area, the semiconductor laser element is similarly pulsed.

  When erasing already recorded information, a constant amount of light that is larger than that during reproduction is continuously irradiated. In the case of erasing information continuously, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction every specific period such as a sector unit, and information is reproduced intermittently in parallel with the erasure process. As a result, the track number and address of the track to be erased intermittently are reproduced, and the erase process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erase track.

<Laser emission control>
Although not shown, the optical head 202 includes a photodetector for detecting the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. In the laser drive circuit 205, the difference between the photodetector output (detection signal of the amount of emitted light from the semiconductor laser element) and the emission reference signal given from the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206 is taken. The drive current to the laser is feedback controlled.

<< Operations related to the mechanism control system >>
<Startup control>
When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the rotary table 221 and the start control is started, processing according to the following procedure is performed.

(1) The target rotational speed is transmitted from the control unit 220 to the spindle motor drive circuit 215, the drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 215 to the spindle motor 204, and the spindle motor 204 starts rotating.

(2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control unit 220 to the feed motor drive circuit 216, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 203, so that the optical head 202 moves to the innermost peripheral position of the information storage medium 10. As a result, it is confirmed that the optical head 202 has come to the inner periphery beyond the area where the information of the information storage medium 201 is recorded.

(3) When the spindle motor 204 reaches the target rotational speed, the status (status report) is output to the control unit 220.

(4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser driving circuit 205 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 202 in accordance with the reproduction light amount signal sent from the control unit 220 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206, and laser light emission is performed. Starts.

  It should be noted that the optimum amount of light for reproduction varies depending on the type of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. At startup, the current value supplied to the semiconductor laser element is set to a value corresponding to the lowest value of the irradiation light amount.

(5) An objective lens (not shown) in the optical head 202 is shifted to a position farthest from the information storage medium 201 in accordance with a command from the control unit 220, and the objective lens is slowly moved closer to the information storage medium 201. An actuator drive circuit 218 controls the objective lens.

(6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 monitors the amount of focus deviation and outputs a status when the objective lens comes near the in-focus position to control that the objective lens is near the in-focus position. Notification to the unit 220.

(7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the focus loop.

(8) The control unit 220 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 216 with the focus loop turned on, and slowly moves the optical head 202 toward the outer periphery of the information storage medium 201.

(9) At the same time, the reproduction signal from the optical head 202 is monitored, and when the optical head 202 reaches the recording area on the information storage medium 201, the movement of the optical head 202 is stopped and a track loop is sent to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. Issue the command to turn on.

(10) Subsequently, the “optimal light amount at the time of reproduction” and “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the inner periphery of the information storage medium 201 are reproduced, and the information is transmitted to the semiconductor via the control unit 220. Recorded in the memory 219.

(11) Further, the control unit 220 sends a signal in accordance with the “optimal light amount at the time of reproduction” to the recording / reproduction / erasure control waveform generation circuit 206 to reset the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction.

(12) The light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set in accordance with the “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded in the information storage medium 201.

<Access control>
The information about where the access destination information recorded in the information storage medium 201 is recorded and what kind of content on the reproduction information storage medium 201 differs depending on the type of the information storage medium 201. For example, in a DVD disc, this information is recorded in a directory management area or a navigation pack in the information storage medium 201.

  Here, the directory management area is usually recorded in the inner circumference area or the outer circumference area of the information storage medium 201. The navigation pack is included in a data unit called VOBU (video object unit) in a VOBS (video object set) conforming to the data structure of the MPEG2 PS (program stream), and where the next video is recorded. Some information is recorded.

  When reproducing or recording / erasing specific information, information in the above area is first reproduced, and an access destination is determined from the obtained information.

<Coarse access control>
The controller 220 obtains the radial position of the access destination by calculation, and determines the distance from the current optical head 202 position.

  Speed curve information that can reach the optical head 202 moving distance in the shortest time is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. The controller 220 reads the information and performs movement control of the optical head 202 by the following method according to the speed curve.

  That is, after the controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 216 is controlled to start the movement of the optical head 202.

  When the focused spot crosses the track on the information storage medium 201, a track error detection signal is generated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217. Using this track error detection signal, the relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the information storage medium 201 can be detected.

  The feed motor drive circuit 216 calculates the difference between the relative speed of the focused spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 and the target speed information sent from the control unit 220 one by one. The optical head 202 is moved while feedback control is applied to the drive current to the (feed motor) 203.

  As described in the section <Optical head moving mechanism>, a frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or the bearing. When the optical head 202 is moving at a high speed, dynamic friction acts. However, since the moving speed of the optical head 202 is slow at the start and immediately before the movement, static friction acts. When this static friction works (especially immediately before stopping), the frictional force is relatively increased. In order to cope with this increase in frictional force, the gain of the control system is increased by a command from the control unit 220 so that the current supplied to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 203 is increased.

<Dense access control>
When the optical head 202 reaches the target position, the controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the track loop.

  The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of the portion while tracing along the track on the information storage medium 201.

  The current focused spot position is calculated from the address or track number, the number of error tracks from the target position is calculated in the control unit 220, and the number of tracks necessary for moving the focused spot is calculated as the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. Notify

  When a set of kick pulses is generated in the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218, the objective lens slightly moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201, and the focused spot moves to the adjacent track.

  In the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218, the track loop is temporarily turned off, the number of kick pulses corresponding to the information from the control unit 220 is generated, and then the track loop is turned on again.

  After the dense access is completed, the control unit 220 reproduces information (address or track number) of the position where the focused spot is traced, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

<Continuous recording / playback / erasing control>
The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 216. In the above-described “start-up control” and “access control”, the controller 220 controls the feed motor drive circuit 216 not to use the track error detection signal.

  After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by access, a part of the track error detection signal is transmitted via the motor drive circuit 216 via the motor drive circuit 216 according to a command from the control unit 220. Is supplied as a drive current. This control is continued during the period of continuous reproduction or recording / erasing processing.

  The center position of the information storage medium 201 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly shifted from the center position of the rotary table 221. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 202 slightly moves in accordance with the eccentricity.

  When the reproduction or recording / erasing process is performed continuously for a long time, the focused spot position gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203, the optical head 202 gradually moves in the outer peripheral direction or the inner peripheral direction in accordance with the drive current.

  In this way, the track loop can be stabilized by reducing the burden of correcting the track deviation of the objective lens actuator.

<End control>
When a series of processing is completed and the operation is terminated, processing is performed according to the following procedure.

(1) A command to turn off the track loop is issued from the control unit 220 to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.

(2) The control unit 220 issues a command to turn off the focus loop to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.

(3) A command for stopping light emission of the semiconductor laser element is issued from the control unit 220 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206.

(4) 0 is notified to the spindle motor drive circuit 215 as the reference rotational speed.

<<< Flow of Recording Signal / Reproducing Signal to Information Storage Medium >>>
<< Signal flow during playback >>
<Binary / PLL circuit>
As described above in <Signal detection by optical head 202>, a change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is detected, and the information on the information storage medium 201 is detected. Play the signal. The signal obtained by the amplifier 213 has an analog waveform. The binarization circuit 212 uses a comparator to convert the analog signal into a binary digital signal composed of “1” and “0”.

  From the reproduction signal thus obtained by the binarization circuit 212, the PLL circuit 211 extracts a reference signal for information reproduction. That is, the PLL circuit 211 has a built-in frequency variable oscillator, and the frequency and phase are compared between the pulse signal (reference clock) output from the oscillator and the output signal of the binarization circuit 212. By feeding back the comparison result to the oscillator output, a reference signal at the time of information reproduction is extracted.

<Demodulation of signal>
The demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table that indicates the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The demodulation circuit 210 returns the input signal (modulated signal) to the original signal (demodulated signal) while referring to the conversion table in accordance with the reference clock obtained by the PLL circuit 211. The demodulated signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

<Error correction processing>
Within the error correction circuit 209, an error location is detected using the inner code PI and the outer code PO for the signal stored in the semiconductor memory 219, and a pointer flag for the error location is set. Thereafter, the signal at the error location is sequentially corrected in accordance with the error pointer flag while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 219, and then the corrected information is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 again.

  When the information reproduced from the information storage medium 201 is output to the outside as the reproduction signal c, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed from the error-corrected information recorded in the semiconductor memory 219, and the information is transmitted via the bus line 224. To the data I / O interface 222. The data I / O interface 222 outputs the signal sent from the error correction circuit 209 as a reproduction signal c.

<Signal format recorded in information storage medium 201>
The signal recorded on the information storage medium 201 is required to satisfy the following:
(A) To enable correction of a recording information error caused by a defect on the information storage medium 201;
(B) To simplify the reproduction processing circuit by setting the DC component of the reproduction signal to “0”;
(C) Recording information on the information storage medium 201 as densely as possible.

  In order to satisfy the above requirements, the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) performs “addition of error correction function” and “signal conversion (signal modulation / demodulation) for recorded information”.

<< Signal flow during recording >>
<Error correction code ECC addition processing>
The error correction code ECC addition process will be described. Information d to be recorded in the information storage medium 201 is input to the data I / O interface 222 in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 as it is. Thereafter, the following ECC addition processing is executed in the ECC encoder 208.

  Hereinafter, a specific example of the ECC addition method using the product code will be described.

  In the semiconductor memory 219, the recording signal d is sequentially arranged row by row for every 172 bytes, and 192 rows constitute a set of ECC blocks (the amount of information is approximately 32 kbytes for 172 byte rows × 192 byte columns). ). For a raw signal (recording signal d) in a set of ECC blocks composed of “172-byte rows × 192-byte columns”, a 10-byte inner code PI is calculated for each 172-byte row, and the semiconductor memory Additional recording in 219. Further, a 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units, and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

  Then, a total of 2366 bytes (= (12 + 1) × (172 + 10) of 12 rows including the inner code PI of 10 bytes (12 × (172 + 10) bytes) and one row of the outer code PO (1 × (172 + 10) bytes). )) As a unit, information subjected to the error correction code ECC addition processing is recorded in one sector of the information storage medium 10.

  When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed, the ECC encoder 208 once transfers the information to the semiconductor memory 219. When information is recorded in the information storage medium 201, a signal of 2366 bytes for one sector is transferred from the semiconductor memory 219 to the modulation circuit 207.

<Signal modulation>
In order to record the DC component (DSV: Digital Sum Value or Digital Sum Variation) of the reproduction signal close to “0” and record information with high density on the information storage medium 201, signal modulation, which is signal format conversion, is a modulation circuit. 207. Each of the modulation circuit 207 and the demodulation circuit 210 includes a conversion table indicating the relationship between the original signal and the modulated signal.

  The modulation circuit 207 divides the signal transferred from the ECC encoder 208 into a plurality of bits according to a predetermined modulation method, and converts the signal into another signal (code) while referring to the conversion table. For example, when 8/16 modulation (RLL (2, 10) code) is used as the modulation method, there are two types of conversion tables, so that the direct current component (DSV) after modulation approaches 0 for reference one by one. Switching the conversion table.

<Recording waveform generation>
When recording a recording mark on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, the following recording methods are generally adopted:
[Mark length recording method] “1” comes to the front end position and rear terminal position of the recording mark.

  [Mark-to-mark recording method] The recording mark center position matches the position of "1".

  When mark length recording is employed, it is necessary to form a relatively long recording mark. In this case, if the information storage medium 10 is continuously irradiated with a large amount of light for recording for a certain period or longer, only the rear part of the mark widens due to the heat storage effect of the light-reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201, and “raindrop” shape recording A mark is formed. In order to eliminate this harmful effect, when forming a long recording mark, measures such as dividing the recording laser drive signal into a plurality of recording pulses or changing the recording waveform of the recording laser stepwise. Is taken.

  In the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206, a recording waveform as described above is created in accordance with the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 207, and the drive signal having this recording waveform is sent to the semiconductor laser driving circuit. It is sent to 205.

  Next, the flow of signals between blocks in the recording / reproducing apparatus will be summarized.

1) Input of raw signal to be recorded to information recording / reproducing device Information recording / reproducing unit (physical system) that summarizes information recording processing and information related to information recording medium (optical disc) 201 in the information recording / reproducing device The structure in the block) is illustrated. A recording signal d sent from a host computer such as a PC (personal computer) or EWS (engineering workstation) is input into the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 via the data I / O interface 222. The

2) Dividing process for each 2048 bytes of recording signal d The data I / O interface 222 divides the recording signal d for each 2048 bytes in time series, adds a data ID 510 and the like, and then performs a scramble process. The resulting signal is sent to the ECC encoder 208.

3) Creation of ECC block The ECC encoder 208 collects 16 sets of scrambled recording signals and creates a block of “172 bytes × 192 columns”, and then generates an inner code PI (internal parity code). And an outer code PO (external parity code) are added.

4) Interleaving process Thereafter, the ECC encoder 208 performs an interleaving process for the outer code PO.

5) Signal modulation processing The modulation circuit 207 modulates the signal after the interleaving processing of the outer / outer code PO, and then adds a synchronization code.

6) Recording waveform creation process A recording waveform is created by the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206 corresponding to the signal obtained as a result, and this recording waveform is sent to the laser drive circuit 205.

  Since the information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk) 201 employs the “mark length recording” method, the rising timing of the recording pulse and the falling timing of the recording pulse coincide with the timing of “1” of the modulated signal. .

7) Recording process on information storage medium (optical disk) 10 The amount of laser light irradiated from the optical head 202 and condensed on the recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is changed intermittently to change the information storage medium ( A recording mark is formed on the recording film of the optical disc 201.

  3 and 4 show a list of contents that are functions necessary for recording AV (audio / video) information on the information storage medium and that can be expected to have unique effects of the present invention.

  FIG. 5 shows the relationship among the applications, file systems, and ODDs classified in FIGS. An information recording / reproducing apparatus (ODD: Optical Disk Drive) 3 in FIG. 5 is the same as the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 of a personal computer (PC) system described later, for example. Further, the programs of both the File System 2 and the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 in FIG. 5 are normally stored in, for example, an HDD 121 in a PC system described later, and the File System 2 is a personal computer system 110. The program of the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 is transferred onto the main memory 112 when the recording / playback application software program is used.

  Here, the above-described PC system will be described with reference to FIG. This is because the object of the present invention is realized in a state where all or a part of the elements constituting the personal computer are used.

  FIG. 6 shows a personal computer system configuration using the information reproducing apparatus.

A ... Description of the internal structure of a general personal computer system 110.

  A-1 Description of data / address lines directly connected to the main CPU.

  A main CPU 111 in the personal computer 110 has a memory data line 114 for directly inputting / outputting information to / from the main memory 112 and a memory address line 113 for designating an address of information recorded in the main memory 112. The execution process of the main CPU 111 proceeds according to the program loaded in the memory 112. Further, the main CPU 111 transfers information to and from various controllers through the I / O data line 146, and specifies an information transfer destination controller and information contents to be transferred by specifying an address on the I / O address line 145.

  A-2: Explanation of CRT display control and keyboard control.

  The LCD controller 115 that controls the display contents of the CRT display 116 exchanges information with the main CPU 111 via the memory data line 114. Furthermore, a video RAM 117 is provided as a memory dedicated to the CRT display 116 in order to realize high resolution and abundant expression colors. The LCD controller 115 can input information directly from the main memory 112 via the memory data line 114 and display it on the CRT display 116.

  The numeric keypad information input from the keyboard 119 is converted by the keyboard controller 118 and input to the main CPU 111 via the I / O data line 146.

  A-3: Explanation of control system of built-in HDD / information reproducing apparatus.

  In many cases, an IDE interface is used for an optical information reproducing apparatus 122 such as an HDD 121 or a CD-ROM drive / DVD-ROM drive built in the personal computer 110. Reproduction information from the HDD 121 and the information reproduction apparatus 122 or recording information to the HDD 121 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the IDE controller 120.

  In particular, when the HDD 121 is used as a boot disk, the main CPU 111 accesses the HDD 121 when the personal computer system 110 is activated, and necessary information is transferred to the main memory 112.

A-4: Explanation of serial / parallel interface with outside.

  A serial line and a parallel line are prepared for information transfer with an external device of the personal computer system 110, respectively.

  A parallel I / F controller 123 that controls a parallel line represented by “Centro” is used, for example, when the printer 124 and the scanner 125 are directly driven without using a network. Information transferred from the scanner 125 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the parallel I / F controller 123. Information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is transferred to the printer 124 via the parallel I / F controller 123.

  For example, when printing out information in the video RAM 117 displayed on the CRT display 116 or specific information in the main memory 112, the information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the main CPU 111, and then the parallel I The protocol is converted by the / F controller 123 and output to the printer 124.

  With respect to serial information output to the outside, the information transferred through the I / O data line 146 is protocol-converted by the serial I / F controller 130 and output as, for example, an RS-232C signal e.

  A-5: Explanation of the function expansion bus line.

  The personal computer system 110 has various bus lines for function expansion. In many cases, desktop personal computers have a PCI bus 133 and an EISA bus 126 as bus lines. Each bus line is connected to the I / O data line 146 and the I / O address line 145 via the PCI bus controller 143 or the EISA bus controller 144. Various boards connected to the bus line are divided into EISA bus 126 dedicated boards and PCI bus 133 dedicated boards. Since the PCI bus 133 is relatively suitable for high-speed transfer, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is increased in the figure. However, the board is not limited to this, and if a board dedicated to the EISA bus 126 is used, for example, a LAN board 139 or It is also possible to connect the SCSI board 138 to the EISA bus 126.

  A-6: Explanation of schematic functions of various boards connected to a bus line.

・ Sound Blaster Board 127:
The audio signal input from the microphone 128 is converted into digital information by the sound blaster board 127 and input to the main memory 112, the HDD 121, and the information recording / reproducing device 140 via the EISA bus 126 and the I / O data line 146, and processed. Is done. When the user wants to listen to music or voice, the user designates the file name recorded in the HDD 121, 141, the information reproducing device 122, or the information recording / reproducing device 140, so that the digital sound source signal is converted into the I / O data line 146, It is transferred to the sound blaster board 127 via the EISA bus 126, converted into an analog signal, and then output from the speaker 129.

・ Dedicated DSP137:
If a special process is to be executed at high speed, a DSP 137 board dedicated to that process can be connected to the bus line.

-SCSI interface:
A SCSI interface is often used for information input / output with an external storage device. For transferring SCSI format information input / output to / from an external storage device such as an information backup MT (magnetic tape) 142, an external stationary HDD 141, and an information recording / reproducing device 140 to the PCI bus 133 or the EISA bus 126 Protocol conversion and transfer information format conversion are executed in the SCSI board 138.

・ Dedicated information compression / decompression board:
Multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images is compressed and recorded in the HDDs 121 and 141 and the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 (information reproducing apparatus 122). The information recorded in the HDDs 121 and 141, the information recording / reproducing device 140, and the information reproducing device 122 is expanded and displayed on the CRT display 116, or the speaker 129 is driven. In addition, the audio signal or the like input from the microphone 128 is compressed and recorded in the HDDs 121 and 141 and the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140.

  Various dedicated boards are responsible for compressing and decompressing this information. Compression / decompression of music / audio signals is performed by the audio encoding / decoding board 136, compression / decompression of moving images (video images) is performed by the MPEG board 134, and compression / decompression of still images is performed by the JPEG board 135. Yes.

  B: Explanation of connection with an external network of the personal computer.

  B-1 Description of network connection using a telephone line.

  When it is desired to transfer information to the outside via the telephone line f, the modem 131 is used. In other words, although not shown in the figure, a NCU (Network Control Unit) transmits a destination telephone number to a telephone exchange via a telephone line f, although not shown in the figure for telephone connection to a desired destination. When the telephone line is connected, the serial I / F controller 130 performs transfer information format conversion and protocol conversion on the information on the I / O data line 146, and the RS-232C signal of the digital signal obtained as a result is transmitted to the modem. In 131, it is converted into an analog signal and transferred to the telephone line f.

  B-2: Network connection explanation using IEEE1394.

  An IEEE 1394 interface is suitable for transferring multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images to an external device (not shown).

  If the necessary information cannot be sent within a certain period of time for video and audio, the movement of the image is jerky or the audio is interrupted. In order to solve this problem, IEEE 1394 adopts an isochronous transfer method in which data transfer is completed every 125 μs. IEEE 1394 allows the mixture of isochronous transfer and normal asynchronous transfer, but the upper limit of the asynchronous transfer time for one cycle is 63.5 μs at the maximum. This is because isochronous transfer cannot be guaranteed if this asynchronous transfer time is too long. In IEEE1394, a SCSI command (instruction set) can be used as it is.

  The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 performs processing such as information format conversion for isochronous transfer, protocol conversion, and automatic topology setting such as node setting for information transmitted through the PCI bus 133.

  In this way, not only the information held in the personal computer system 110 is transferred to the outside as the IEEE 1394 signal g, but also the function of converting the IEEE 1394 signal g sent from the outside and transferring it to the PCI bus 133 is also IEEE 1394I. The / F board 132 is held.

  B-3: Network connection explanation using LAN.

  Although not shown in the local area information communication in a specific area such as a company, a government office or a school, a LAN cable h is used as a medium to input / output a LAN signal h.

  TCP / IP, NetBEUI, and the like exist as communication protocols using a LAN, and each has a unique data packet structure (information format structure) according to various protocols. The LAN board 139 performs information format conversion on the information transferred on the PCI bus 133, external communication procedure processing according to various protocols, and the like.

  As an example, a procedure and information transfer path in the case where specific file information recorded in the HDD 121 is converted into a LAN signal h and transferred to an external personal computer, EWS, or a network server (not shown) will be described. The file directory recorded in the HDD 121 is output under the control of the IDE controller 120, and the resulting file list is recorded in the main memory 112 by the main CPU 111 and displayed on the CRT display 116. When the user inputs the file name to be transferred by the keyboard 119, the contents are recognized by the main CPU 111 via the keyboard controller 118. When the main CPU 111 notifies the name of the file to be transferred to the IDE controller 120, the HDD determines the internal information recording location and accesses it, and the reproduction information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the IDE controller 120. File information is input from the I / O data line 146 to the PCI bus controller 143 and then transferred to the LAN board 139 via the PCI bus 133. In the LAN board 139, after establishing a session with the transfer destination through a series of communication procedures, file information is input from the PCI bus 133, converted into a data packet structure according to the transmission protocol, and transferred to the outside as a LAN signal h.

  C: Information transfer description from the information reproducing apparatus or the information storage / reproducing apparatus (optical disk apparatus).

  C-1: Standard interface and information transfer path explanation.

   An information reproducing apparatus 122 which is a reproduction-only optical disk apparatus such as a CD-ROM and a DVD-ROM and an information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 which is an optical disk capable of recording and reproducing such as a DVD-RAM, PD and MO are incorporated in the personal computer system 110. When used, “IDE”, “SCSI”, “IEEE 1394”, and the like exist as standard interfaces.

  Generally, the PCI bus controller 143 and the EISA bus controller 144 have a DMA inside. Information can be directly transferred between blocks without intervention of the main CPU 111 under the control of DMA.

  For example, when information of the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 is transferred to the MPEG board 134, the processing from the main CPU 111 only gives a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143, and the information transfer management is left to the DMA in the PCI bus controller. As a result, at the time of actual information transfer, the main CPU can execute other processes in parallel without being disturbed by the information transfer process.

  Similarly, when transferring information recorded in the information reproducing apparatus 122 to the HDD 141, the main CPU 111 simply issues a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143 or the IDE controller 120, and subsequent transfer processing management is performed in the PCI bus controller 143. Or the DMA in the IDE controller 120.

  C-2: Authentication function description.

  As described above, the DMA in the PCI bus controller 143, the DMA in the EISA bus controller 144, or the DMA in the IDE controller 120 manages the information transfer processing related to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 or the information reproducing apparatus 122. In the actual transfer process itself, the authentication function unit possessed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 or the information reproducing apparatus 122 executes the actual transfer process.

  In DVD systems such as DVDvideo, DVD-ROM, and DVD-R, video and audio bitstreams are recorded in the MPEG2 Program stream format, and audio streams, video streams, sub-picture streams, private streams, etc. are recorded together. ing. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 separates and extracts an audio stream, a video stream, a sub-picture stream, a private stream, and the like from a program stream (Program stream) at the time of reproducing information, and directly outputs audio via the PCI bus 133 without the main CPU 111 being interposed. The data is transferred to the encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135.

  Similarly, the information reproducing apparatus 122 also separates and extracts a program stream (Program stream) reproduced from the information into various kinds of stream information, and the individual stream information is directly (mainly) via the I / O data line 146 and the PCI bus 133. The data is transferred to the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 (without the intervention of the CPU 111).

  Similar to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 and the information reproducing apparatus 122, the voice encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 itself has an authentication function. Prior to the information transfer, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 and the information reproducing apparatus 122 and the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, and the JPEG board 135 are mutually authenticated via the PCI bus 133 (and the I / O data line 146). Hold on. When the mutual authentication is completed, the video stream information reproduced by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 or the information reproducing apparatus 122 is transferred to the MPEG board 134 only. Similarly, the audio stream information is transferred only to the audio encoding / decoding board 136. Still image streams are sent to the JPEG board 135, and private streams and text information are sent to the main CPU 111.

  FIG. 7 shows the classification of the embodiment of the present invention. There are nine types of embodiments of the present invention that realize the functions (effects) necessary for recording the AV information shown in FIGS. XX, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / UDF-CDAFi, LBN / XXX, LBN / XXX- PS is shown. The figure summarizes the characteristic functions of each embodiment.

  The case where LBN is not set in the vertical direction of the left orchid is distinguished from the case where it is set. In addition, the horizontal direction in the top column indicates the case where a spare spare area is not secured in advance when creating a continuous data area, and the right column shows the category in the AV File. The management location and management method of unused areas are shown.

  Next, in describing a specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment will be described in which a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium and UDF is used as a file system.

  A description will be given of a DVD-RAM disk that is premised on before describing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the layout of the outline recording contents in the DVD-RAM disc.

  In other words, the lead-in area 607 on the inner circumference side of the disc is an embossed data zone 611 with an uneven light reflecting surface, a mirror zone with a flat (mirror surface) 612, and rewritable. Rewritable data zone 613. As shown in FIG. 9, the Embossed data Zone 611 includes a reference signal zone (Reference signal Zone) 653 and a control data zone (Control data Zone) 655 representing a reference signal, and the Mirror Zone 612 includes a Connection Zone 657.

  Rewritable data Zone 613 includes a disk test zone 658, a drive test zone 660, a disc identification zone 662 in which a disc ID (identifier) is indicated, and defect management areas DMA1 and DMA2 663. Is included.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the lead-out area 609 on the outer periphery side of the disc includes defect management areas DMA3 and DMA4 691, a disc identification zone 692 indicating a disc ID (identifier), a drive test zone 694, It consists of rewritable Rewritable data Zone 645 including Disk test Zone 695.

  The Data Area 608 between the Lead-in Area 607 and the Lead-out Area 609 is divided into 24 annual ring-shaped Zone 00 620 to Zone 23 643. Each zone (Zone) has a constant rotational speed, but the rotational speed differs between different zones. Further, the number of sectors constituting each zone is different for each zone. Specifically, Zone 00 620 etc. on the inner circumference side of the disk has a high rotational speed and a small number of sectors. On the other hand, Zone 23 643, etc. on the outer periphery of the disk has a low rotation speed and a large number of sectors. With such a layout, high-speed accessibility like CAV is realized in each zone, and high-density recording like CLV is realized in the entire zone.

  9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining the details of the lead-in area 607 and the lead-out area 609 in the layout of FIG.

  Embossed data Zone 611, Control data Zone 655 has a DVD type (DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, etc.) and a book type and part version (Part type) indicating the part version. version) 671, disc size and minimum read-out rate 672 indicating the disc size and minimum read rate, 1 layer ROM disc, 1 layer RAM disc, 2 layer ROM disc, etc. Disc structure showing the disc structure (Disc structure) 673, recording density (Recording density) 674 showing the recording density, data location (Data Area allocation) 675 showing the position where the data is recorded, and information storage The serial number of each information storage medium is recorded in a non-rewritable form on the inner circumference side of the medium. BCA (Burst Cutting Area) descriptor 676, Velocity 677 indicating the linear velocity condition for specifying the exposure amount during recording, Read power 678 indicating the exposure amount to the information storage medium during playback, Peak power 679 representing the maximum exposure applied to the information storage medium for recording mark formation during recording, Bias power 680 representing the maximum exposure applied to the information storage medium during erasing, Production information 682 is recorded.

  In other words, this Control data Zone 655 includes information on the entire information storage medium such as the physical sector number indicating the recording start / end position, recording power, recording pulse width, erasing power, reproducing power, recording / recording Information on the linear velocity at the time of erasing, information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics, information on manufacturing of an information storage medium such as a manufacturing number of each disk, and the like are recorded in advance.

  The Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 of the Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 609 have unique disc name recording areas (Disc Zones 662 and 692) for each medium, and test recording areas (confirmation of recording erasure conditions). Drive test zones 660 and 694 and disk test zones 659 and 695), and a management information recording area (defect management area; DMA1 & DMA2 663, DMA3 & DMA4 691) related to a defective area in the data area. By using these areas, it is possible to perform optimum recording on each disc.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the details in the Data Area 608 in the layout of FIG.

  The same number of groups (Groups) is assigned to each of the 24 zones, and each group includes a pair of User Area 723 used for data recording and Spare Area 724 used for replacement processing. A pair of User Area 723 and Spare Area 724 is separated by guard areas 771 and 772 for each zone. Further, the User Area 723 and the spare area (Spare Area) 724 of each group are contained in the same rotation speed zone, and the smaller group number belongs to the high-speed rotation zone, and the larger group number belongs to the low-speed rotation zone. The low-speed rotation zone group has a larger number of sectors than the high-speed rotation zone group, but the low-speed rotation zone has a larger disk rotation radius, so the physical recording density on the disk 10 is over the entire zone (all groups). Almost uniform.

  In each group, the User Area 723 is arranged on the smaller sector number (that is, the inner circumference side on the disk), and the Spare Area 724 is arranged on the larger sector number (the outer circumference side on the disk).

  Next, a recording signal structure of information recorded on a DVD-RAM disk as an information storage medium and a method of creating the recording signal structure will be described. Note that the content of information recorded on the medium itself is called “information”, and “1” after the structure and expression after the same content information is scrambled or modulated, that is, the signal form is converted. The connection of the states of “0” is expressed as “signal”, and the two are appropriately distinguished.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of the sector included in the data area portion of FIG. One sector 501a in FIG. 12 corresponds to one of the sector numbers in FIG. 10, and has a size of 2048 bytes as shown in FIG. Although not shown, each sector is not shown, and headers 573 and 574 pre-recorded on the recording surface of the information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk) with an uneven structure such as embossing are used as the head, and the synchronization codes 575 and 576 and the modulated code are modulated. Signals 577 and 578 are alternately included.

  Next, an ECC block processing method for a DVD-RAM disk will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a recording unit (ECC unit of Error Correction Code) of information included in Data Area 608 of FIG.

  In a FAT (File Allocation Table) frequently used in a file system of an information storage medium for a personal computer (such as a hard disk HDD or a magneto-optical disk MO), information is recorded on the information storage medium with a minimum unit of 256 bytes or 512 bytes.

  On the other hand, information storage media such as CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, and DVD-RAM use UDF (Universal Disk Format; details will be described later) as a file system. Here, 2048 bytes are used as a minimum unit to the information storage medium. Information is recorded. This minimum unit is called a sector. That is, on an information storage medium using UDF, information of 2048 bytes is recorded for each sector 501 as shown in FIG.

  Since a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM is handled as a bare disk without using a cartridge, the surface of the information storage medium is easily scratched on the user side or dust is likely to adhere to the surface. A specific sector (for example, sector 501c in FIG. 13) cannot be reproduced (or cannot be recorded) due to the influence of dust or scratches on the surface of the information storage medium.

  In the DVD, an error correction method (ECC using a product code) taking such a situation into consideration is adopted. Specifically, 16 ECC sectors (16 sectors from sector 501a to sector 501p in FIG. 13) constitute one ECC (Error Correction Code) block 502, and a powerful error correction function is provided therein. I have it. As a result, even if an error in the ECC block 502 occurs, for example, the sector 501c cannot be reproduced, the error is corrected, and all information in the ECC block 502 can be reproduced correctly.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between zones and groups (see FIG. 11) in the Data Area 608 of FIG.

  Each zone: Zone 00 620 to Zone 23 643 in FIG. 8 is physically arranged on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, and is described in the column of the physical sector number 604 in FIG. 8 and FIG. In addition, the physical sector number (starting physical sector number 701) of the first physical sector of User Area 00 705 in Data Area 608 is set to 031000h (h: meaning in hexadecimal notation). Further, the physical sector number increases as it goes to the outer peripheral side 704, and is continuous regardless of the User Area 00 705, 01 709, 23 707, Spare Area 00 708, 01 709, 23 710, Guard Area 711, 712, 713. A number is assigned. Therefore, continuity is maintained in the physical sector numbers across Zones 620 to 643.

  On the other hand, Guard Area 711, 712, 713 is inserted between each Group 714, 715, 716 consisting of a pair of User Area 705, 706, 707 and Spare Area 708, 709, 710. . Therefore, the physical sector numbers across the groups 714, 715, and 716 have discontinuities as shown in FIG.

  When the DVD-RAM disk having the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is used in an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an information recording / reproducing unit (physical block), the optical head 202 is passing through the Guard Areas 711, 712, and 713. A process of switching the rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk can be performed. For example, the optical head 202 seeks from Group 00 705 to Group 01 715, and the rotational speed of the DVD-RAM disk is switched while passing through the Guard Area 711.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a method of setting a logical sector number in the data area 608 of FIG. The minimum unit of the logical sector coincides with the minimum unit of the physical sector and is 2048 byte unit. Each logical sector is assigned to a corresponding physical sector position according to the following rules.

  As shown in FIG. 14, since the guard areas 711, 712, and 713 are physically provided on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, the physical sector numbers across the groups 714, 715, and 716 are discontinuous. However, the logical sector number is set so as to be continuously connected at the positions across the groups 00 714, 01 715, and 23 716. The group 00 714 and 01 715 to 23 716 are arranged in such a way that the smaller group number (the smaller physical sector number) is arranged on the inner periphery side (lead-in area 607 side) of the DVD-RAM disc. The larger one (the one with the larger physical sector number) is arranged on the outer peripheral side (lead-out area 609 side) of the DVD-RAM disk.

  When there is no defect on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc in this arrangement, each logical sector is assigned to all physical sectors in User Area 00 705 to 23 707 in FIG. Is set to 0h (see the column of logical sector number 774 of the first sector in each group in FIG. 11).

  As described above, when there is no defect on the recording surface, the logical sector number is not set in advance for each sector in the spare areas 00 708 to 23 710.

  When a defective sector is found in User Area 00 705 to 23 707 during Certify processing, playback, or recording, which is a defect position detection process on the recording surface that is performed before recording on the DVD-RAM disk. As a result of the replacement process, logical sector numbers are set for the corresponding sectors in Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710 as many as the number of sectors subjected to the replacement process.

  Next, several methods for dealing with defects occurring in the user area will be described. Before that, a defect management area (defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10) necessary for defect processing and related matters will be described.

[Defect management area]
The defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) includes data area configuration and defect management information, and is composed of, for example, 32 sectors. Two defect management areas (DMA1, DMA2 663) are arranged in the lead-in area 607 of the DVD-RAM disk, and the other two defect management areas (DMA3, DMA4 691) are the lead-out areas of the DVD-RAM disk. 609. A spare sector (spare sector) is appropriately added after each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691).

  Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) is divided into two blocks. The first block of each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) includes a DVD-RAM disc definition information structure (DDS) and a primary defect list (PDL). The second block of each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) includes a secondary defect list (SDL). The four primary defect lists (PDL) in the four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) have the same contents, and the four secondary defect lists (SDL) have the same contents.

  The four definition information structures (DDS) of the four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) are basically the same, but the pointers to the PDL and SDL of the four defect management areas are individually It is the contents of.

  Here, the DDS / PDL block means the first block including DDS and PDL. The SDL block means a second block including SDL.

The contents of each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) after the DVD-RAM disk is initialized are as follows:
(1) The first sector of each DDS / PDL block contains the DDS;
(2) The second sector of each DDS / PDL block contains the PDL;
(3) The first sector of each SDL block contains the SDL.

  The block lengths of the primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are determined by the number of entries. Unused sectors in each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) are written with data 0FFh. All spare sectors are overwritten with 00h.

[Disk definition information]
The definition information structure DDS is composed of a table having a length of one sector. This DDS has contents that define the initialization method of the disk 10 and the start addresses of the PDL and SDL. The DDS is recorded in the first sector of each defect management area (DMA) when the initialization of the disk 10 is completed.

[Spare sector]
The defective sector in each Data Area 608 is replaced (replaced) with a normal sector by a predetermined defect management method (verification, slipping replacement, skipping replacement, linear replacement described later). The position of the spare sector for this replacement is included in the spare area of each group of Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710 shown in FIG. The physical sector number in each Spare Area is described in the Spare Area 724 column in FIG.

  The DVD-RAM disk can be initialized before use, but this initialization can be executed regardless of whether or not verification is performed.

  The defective sector is processed by a slipping replacement process (Slipping Replacement Algorithm), a skipping replacement process (Skiping Replacement Algorithm), or a linear replacement process (Linear Replacement Algorithm). The total number of entries listed in the PDL and SDL by these processes (Algorithm) is a predetermined number, for example, 4092 or less.

[Initialization / Certify]
In many cases, initialization processing is performed before user information is recorded in the Data Area 608 of the DVD-RAM disc, and defect status inspection (Certify) of all sectors in the Data Area 608 is performed. The defective sector found in the initialization stage is specified, and the defective sector in the User Area 723 is interpolated by the spare sector in the Spare Area 724 by the slipping replacement process or the linear replacement process according to the number of consecutive defective sectors. When the spare sector in the zone of the DVD-RAM disk is used up during execution of Certify, it is determined that the DVD-RAM disk is defective, and the DVD-RAM disk is not used thereafter.

  The parameters of all definition information structures DDS are recorded in four DDS sectors. The primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are recorded in four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691). At initial initialization, the update counter in the SDL is set to 00h, and all reserved blocks are overwritten with 00h.

  When the disk 10 is used for computer data storage, the above initialization / certification is performed. However, when the disk 10 is used for video recording, the video recording may be suddenly performed without performing the above initialization / certification. obtain.

  FIGS. 16A and 16B are diagrams for explaining a slipping replacement algorithm in the data area 608 of FIG.

  Immediately after manufacturing a DVD-RAM disc (when no user information is recorded on the disc), or when user information is recorded for the first time (not over-recording on an already recorded location, not recorded) This slipping replacement process is applied as a defect processing method when information is first recorded in the area.

  That is, the found defective data sector (for example, m defective sectors 731) is used as a replacement (or replacement) for the first normal sector (user area 723b) following the defective sector (replacement process 734). As a result, slipping (logical sector number backward shift) of m sectors occurs toward the end of the corresponding group. Similarly, when n defective sectors 732 are subsequently found, the defective sectors are used in replacement with the subsequent normal sector (user area 723c), and the setting position of the logical sector number is also shifted backward. As a result of the replacement processing, logical sector numbers are set to 737 for m + n sectors from the beginning in the Spare Area 724, and a user information recordable area is obtained. As a result, the unused area 726 in the spare area 724 is reduced by m + n sectors.

  The address of the defective sector at this time is written in the primary defect list (PDL), and recording of user information is prohibited for the defective sector. If no defective sector is found during Certify, nothing is written to the PDL. Similarly, if a defective sector is found in the recording use area 743 in the Spare Area 724, the address of the spare sector is also written in the PDL.

  As a result of the above-described slipping replacement process, the recording use areas 743 in the user areas 723a to 723c and the spare area 724 having no defective sector become the information recording use part (logical sector number setting area 735) of the group, and this part is continuous. Assigned logical sector numbers.

  FIG. 16C is a diagram for explaining a skipping replacement algorithm that is another replacement process in the data area 608 of FIG.

  Skipping replacement processing is a processing method suitable for defect processing when it is necessary to record user information continuously (seamlessly) without interruption, such as video information and audio information. This skipping replacement process is executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (since 1 sector is 2 kbytes, 32 kbytes).

  For example, if one defective ECC block 741 is found after the User Area 732a composed of normal ECC blocks, the data scheduled to be recorded in this defective ECC block 741 is the ECC of the normal User Area 723b immediately after. It is recorded instead of the block (replacement process 744). Similarly, if k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742 are found, the data scheduled to be recorded in these defective blocks 742 is recorded instead of the k ECC blocks in the normal user area 723c immediately after that. .

  Thus, when 1 + k defective ECC blocks are found in the user area of the corresponding group, the (1 + k) ECC blocks are shifted into the area of the Spare Area 724, and the extended area used for information recording in the Spare Area 724 743 is a user information recordable area, where a logical sector number is set. As a result, the unused area 726 of the Spare Area 724 is reduced by (1 + k) ECC blocks, and the remaining unused area 746 is reduced.

  As a result of the replacement process, the user areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block and the extension area 743 used for information recording become the information recording use portion (logical sector number setting area) in the group. As a method of setting the logical sector number at this time, the user areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block are largely maintained at the initial setting (before the replacement process) with the logical sector number allocated in advance unchanged. There are features.

  As a result, the logical sector number previously assigned to each physical sector in the defective ECC block 741 at the time of initialization is moved and set to the first physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording as it is. In addition, the logical sector number assigned at the time of initial setting for each physical sector in the k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742 is translated as it is and set in each corresponding physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording. The

  In this skipping replacement processing method, even if the DVD-RAM disc has not been certified in advance, the replacement processing can be immediately executed on defective sectors found during user information recording.

  FIG. 16D is a diagram for explaining a linear replacement algorithm (Linear Replacement Algorithm) which is still another replacement process in the Data Area 608 of FIG.

  This linear replacement process is also executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, ECC block units (32 kbyte units). In the linear replacement process, the defective ECC block 751 is replaced (replaced) with a normal spare block (first replacement recording location 753 in the spare area 724) that can be used first in the corresponding group (replacement process 758). In this replacement process, the user information scheduled to be recorded on the defective ECC block 751 is recorded as it is on the replacement recording location 753 in the spare area 724, and the logical sector number setting position is also directly stored on the replacement recording location 753. Moved. Similarly, the user information and the logical sector number setting position scheduled to be recorded for k consecutive defective ECC blocks 752 are moved to the alternate recording location 754 in the spare area 724.

  In the case of the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process, the address of the defective block and the address of the final replacement (replacement) block are written in the SDL. When a replacement block that has been uploaded to the SDL (secondary defect list) is later found to be a defective block, it is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, by changing the address of a replacement block from that of a defective block to a new one, the SDL entry in which the replaced defective block is registered is corrected. When updating the secondary defect list SDL, the update counter in the SDL is incremented by one.

[Write processing]
When data is written to a certain group of sectors, the defective sectors listed in the primary defect list (PDL) are skipped. Then, according to the above-described slipping replacement process, data to be written to the defective sector is written to the next data sector. If the block to be written is listed in the secondary defect list (SDL), the data to be written to the block is written to the spare block indicated by the SDL according to the above-described linear replacement process or skipping replacement process. It is.

  In the personal computer environment, linear replacement processing is used when recording personal computer files, and skipping replacement processing is used when recording AV files.

[Primary defect list; PDL]
The primary defect list (PDL) is always recorded on a DVD-RAM disc, but its contents can be empty.

The PDL includes the addresses of all defective sectors specified at initialization. These addresses are listed in ascending order. PDL is recorded with a minimum number of sectors. PDL then starts with the first user byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the PDL are set to 0FFh. In this PDL, the following information will be written:
Byte position PDL contents 0 00h; PDL identifier 1 01h; PDL identifier 2 Number of addresses in PDL; MSB
3 Number of addresses in PDL; LSB
4 Address of first defective sector (sector number; MSB)
5 First defective sector address (sector number)
6 First defective sector address (sector number)
7 Address of the first defective sector (sector number; LSB)
……
x-3 Address of the last defective sector (sector number; MSB)
x-2 Last defective sector address (sector number)
x-1 Address (sector number) of the last defective sector
x Address of the last defective sector (sector number; LSB)
* Note: When the 2nd and 3rd bytes are set to 00h, the 3rd byte is the end of the PDL.

  In the case of a primary defect list (PDL) for a multi-sector, the address list of the defective sector follows the first byte of the second and subsequent subsequent sectors. That is, the PDL identifier and the number of PDL addresses exist only in the first sector.

  When the PDL is empty, the second byte and the third byte are set to 00h, and the fourth to 2047th bytes are set to FFh.

  Also, FFh is written to unused sectors in the DDS / PDL block.

[Secondary defect list; SDL]
The secondary defect list (SDL) is generated at the initialization stage and used after Certify. All discs are recorded with SDL during initialization.

  The SDL includes a plurality of entries in the form of an address of a defective data block and an address of a spare block that replaces the defective block. Eight bytes are allocated to each entry in the SDL. That is, 4 bytes are assigned to the address of the defective block, and the remaining 4 bytes are assigned to the address of the replacement block.

  The address list includes the first address of the defective block and its replacement block. The addresses of defective blocks are assigned in ascending order.

  The SDL is recorded with the minimum required number of sectors, and this SDL starts with the first user data byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the SDL are set to 0FFh. Subsequent information is recorded in each of the four SDLs.

  If the replacement block listed in the SDL is later found to be a defective block, it is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, by changing the address of a replacement block from that of a defective block to a new one, the SDL entry in which the replaced defective block is registered is corrected. At that time, the number of entries in the SDL is not changed by the degraded sector.

In this SDL, the following information will be written:
Byte position SDL contents 0 (00); SDL identifier 1 (02); SDL identifier 2 (00)
3 (01)
4 Update counter; MSB
5 Update counter 6 Update counter 7 Update counter; LSB
8-26 Reserve (00h)
27-29 Flag indicating that all spare sectors in the zone have been used 30 Number of entries in SDL; MSB
31 Number of entries in the SDL; LSB
32 Address of the first defective block
(Sector number; MSB)
33 Address (sector number) of the first defective block
34 Address (sector number) of the first defective block
35 Address of first defective block
(Sector number; LSB)
36 Address of first replacement block
(Sector number; MSB)
37 Address of first replacement block (sector number)
38 Address of first replacement block (sector number)
39 Address of first replacement block
(Sector number; LSB)
……
y-7 Address of the last defective block
(Sector number; MSB)
y-6 Last defective block address (sector number)
y-5 Last defective block address (sector number)
y-4 Address of the last defective block
(Sector number; LSB)
y-3 Address of the last replacement block
(Sector number; MSB)
y-2 Last replacement block address (sector number)
y-1 Last replacement block address (sector number)
y Address of the last replacement block
(Sector number; LSB)
* Note: Each entry in the 30th to 31st bytes is 8 bytes long.

  In the case of the secondary defect list (SDL) for the multi-sector, the address list of the defective block and the replacement block follows the first byte of the second and subsequent sectors. That is, the 0th to 31st bytes of the SDL contents exist only in the first sector. Also, FFh is written in unused sectors in the SDL block.

  An example of logical block number setting operation for a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described.

  When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221, the control unit 220 starts rotation of the spindle motor 204.

  After rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 starts, laser light emission of the optical head 202 is started, and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

  After laser emission, the controller 220 operates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the lead-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disk) 201. Then, the track servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

  When the track servo becomes active, the optical head 202 reproduces information in the Control data Zone 655 in the lead-in area 607 of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. By reproducing the Book type and Part version 671 in this Control data Zone 655, the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 that is currently rotationally driven is a recordable medium (DVD-RAM disk or DVD-R disk). It is confirmed. Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disk.

  When it is confirmed that the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is a DVD-RAM disk, the optimal light amount (reproduction power and emission period or duty ratio of the semiconductor laser) is reproduced from the control data zone 655 to be reproduced. Etc.) is reproduced.

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 creates a conversion table of physical sector numbers and logical sector numbers on the assumption that there is no defect in the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotationally driven.

  After the conversion table is created, the control unit 220 reads the defect management area DMA1 / DMA2 663 in the lead-in area 607 and the defect management area DMA3 / DMA4 691 in the lead-out area 609 of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. And the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 at that time is investigated.

  When the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is found by the defect distribution investigation, the control unit 220 corrects the conversion table created as “no defect” in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution. . More specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each sector determined to be defective.

  Next, an example of a defect processing operation (drive side processing) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described. First, for example, for the MPU in the control unit 220, the head logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded on the medium (for example, DVD-RAM disk) 201 currently loaded in the drive and the file size of the recording information are designated. Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the first logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the designated first logical block number LBN. The write logical sector number to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is determined from the head logical sector number LSN thus calculated and the specified file size.

  Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 writes the recording information file at the specified address of the DVD-RAM disk 201 and investigates the defect on the disk 201.

  If no defect is detected during the file writing, the recording information file has been recorded in a predetermined logical sector number without any abnormality (that is, no error has occurred), and the recording process is normally completed.

  On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, Linear Replacement Algorithm) is executed. After this replacement process, the newly detected defect is detected as a lead-in of the disc. It is additionally registered in DMA1 / DMA2 663 in area 607 and DMA3 / DMA4 691 in lead-out area 609. After additional registration of DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691 in information storage medium (optical disk) 201, this DMA1 / Based on the registered contents of DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691, the contents of the conversion table are corrected.

  FIG. 17 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a logical block number setting operation for a DVD-RAM disk or the like. This will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221 (step ST131), the control unit 220 starts the rotation of the spindle motor 204 (step ST132).

  After rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, laser light emission of the optical head 202 is started (step ST133), and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST134).

  After the laser emission, the controller 220 operates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the lead-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disk) 201 (step ST135). Then, the track servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST136).

  When the track servo becomes active, the optical head 202 reproduces information in the Control data Zone 655 (see FIG. 9) in the lead-in area 607 of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 (step ST137). By reproducing the Book type and Part version 671 in this Control data Zone 655, the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 that is currently rotationally driven is a recordable medium (DVD-RAM disk or DVD-R disk). (Step ST138). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disk.

  When it is confirmed that the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is a DVD-RAM disk, the optimal light amount (reproduction power and emission period or duty ratio of the semiconductor laser) is reproduced from the control data zone 655 to be reproduced. Etc.) is reproduced (step ST139).

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 creates a conversion table (see FIG. 11) between the physical sector number and the logical sector number, assuming that the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotationally driven is free from defects (step ST140).

  After the conversion table is created, the control unit 220 reads the defect management area DMA1 / DMA2 663 in the lead-in area 607 and the defect management area DMA3 / DMA4 691 in the lead-out area 609 of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. , And the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 at that time is investigated (step ST141).

  When the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is found by the defect distribution investigation, the control unit 220 corrects the conversion table created as “no defect” in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution. (Step ST142). More specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each sector determined to be defective.

  FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a defect processing operation (drive-side processing) in, for example, a DVD-RAM disk. The flowchart of FIG. 18 will be described below with reference to FIG. First, for example, for the MPU in the control unit 220, the head logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded on the medium (for example, DVD-RAM disk) 201 currently loaded in the drive and the file size of the recording information are designated (step ST151).

  Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the first logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the designated first logical block number LBN (step ST152). The write logical sector number to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is determined from the head logical sector number LSN thus calculated and the specified file size.

  Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 writes the recording information file to the designated address of the DVD-RAM disk 201 and checks for defects on the disk 201 (step ST153).

  If no defect is detected during writing of the file, the recording information file has been recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any abnormality (that is, no error has occurred), and the recording process is completed normally (step ST155).

  On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, a linear replacement algorithm) is executed (step ST156).

  After this replacement process, the newly detected defect is additionally registered in DMA1 / DMA2 663 in the lead-in area 607 and DMA3 / DMA4 691 in the lead-out area 609 of the disk (see FIGS. 9 and 10). Step ST157). After the additional registration of DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691 to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, based on the registered contents of DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691, the conversion table created in step ST140 of FIG. Is corrected (step ST158).

Next, UDF, which is a type of File System, will be described below. Next, UDF, which is a type of File System, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  [A-1]... UDF is an abbreviation for Universal Disk Format, and mainly refers to “rules relating to a file management method” in a disk-shaped information storage medium. CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, and DVD-RAM adopt the UDF format standardized by “ISO9660”.

  As a file management method, a hierarchical file system that basically has a root directory (Root Directory) as a parent and manages files in a tree shape is assumed. Here, the UDF format conforming to the DVD-RAM standard (File System Specifications) will be mainly described. However, many of the contents of this explanation are consistent with the contents of the DVD-ROM standard.

[A-2] ... Outline of UDF [A-2-1] Contents of file information recorded on information storage medium When information is recorded on the information storage medium, a group of information is called "file data" Records in file data units. In order to distinguish from other file data, a unique file name is added to each file data. File management and file search are facilitated by grouping multiple file data with common information contents. A group for each of the plurality of file data is referred to as a “directory” or a “folder”. A unique directory name (folder name) is added to each directory (folder). Furthermore, the plurality of directories (folders) can be collected and grouped in a higher level directory (upper folder) as a group in the upper hierarchy. Here, the file data and the directory (folder) are collectively called a file (File).

When recording information,
* Records all information on the information content of the file data, * the file name corresponding to the file data, * the storage location of the file data (under which directory is recorded) on the information storage medium.

  In addition, all information related to each directory (folder) * directory name (folder name), * the location to which each directory (folder) belongs (the location of its parent directory (upper folder)) is also stored on the information storage medium. It is recorded.

[A-2-2] Information recording format on information storage medium All recording areas on the information storage medium are divided into logical sectors with 2048 bytes as a minimum unit, and logical sector numbers are assigned to all logical sectors in sequential numbers. It has been. When information is recorded on the information storage medium, the information is recorded in units of logical sectors. The recording position on the information storage medium is managed by the logical sector number of the logical sector in which this information is recorded.

As shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, a logical sector in which information on file structure (File Structure) 486 and file data (File Data) 487 is recorded is also referred to as a “logical block”, and is represented by a logical sector number (LSN). In conjunction with this, a logical block number (LBN) is set. (The length of the logical block is 2048 bytes like the logical sector.)
[A-2-3] Example of Simplified Hierarchical File System An example of simplified hierarchical file system is shown in FIG.

Most OS file management systems such as UNIX (registered trademark), MacOS, MS-DOS, and Windows (registered trademark) have a tree-like hierarchical structure as shown in FIG.

  There is one root directory (Root Directory) 401 that is the parent of the entire disk drive (for example, if each HDD is divided into multiple partitions, it indicates each partition unit). Under that, a subdirectory (SubDirectory) 402 belongs. File Data 403 exists in this SubDirectory 402.

  Actually, the present invention is not limited to this example, and File Data 403 may exist directly under Root Directory 401, or there may be a complicated hierarchical structure in which a plurality of SubDirectory 402 are connected in series.

[A-2-4] Recording Contents of File Management Information on Information Storage Medium File management information is recorded in units of logical blocks as described above. The contents recorded in each logical block are mainly: * Descriptive text FID (File Identifier Descriptor) indicating information about the file
… The file type and file name (Root Directory name, SubDirectory name, File Data name, etc.) are described.

    In the FID, the data contents of the subsequent File Data and the recording position of the descriptive text (the FE described below corresponding to the corresponding file) indicating the recording location of the Directory are also described.

* Descriptive text FE (file entry) indicating the recording position of the file contents
... Describes the data contents of File Data and the location (logical block number) on the information storage medium where information about the contents of Directory (SubDirectory, etc.) is recorded.

    An excerpt of the description contents of the File Identifier Descriptor is shown in FIG. 26 (described later). The details will be described in “[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor”. An excerpt of the description contents of File Entry is shown in FIG. 19 (described later), and a detailed description thereof is given in “[B-3] File Entry”.

  Next, the descriptive text indicating the recording position on the information storage medium uses a long allocation descriptor (Long Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG. 22 and a short allocation descriptor (Short Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG. Detailed description of each will be given in “[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descriptor” and “[B-1-3] Short Allocation Descriptor”.

  As an example, FIG. 21B shows the recorded contents when the information of the file system structure of FIG. 21A is recorded on the information storage medium. The recorded contents of FIG. 21B are as follows.

The contents of the Root Directory 401 are indicated in the logical block with the logical block number “1”.

    In the example of FIG. 21A, only Root Directory 401 is included in Root Directory 401, and therefore information regarding Sub Directory 402 is described in File Identifier Descriptor statement 404 as the contents of Root Directory 401. Although not shown, the information of the Root Directory 401 itself is also written in the same logical block in a File Identifier Descriptor statement.

    ... the recording position of the File Entry statement 405 (the second logical block in the example of FIG. 21B) indicating where the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are recorded in the File Identifier Descriptor statement 404 of the Sub Directory 402 is It is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor sentence (LAD (2)).

A File Entry statement 405 indicating the position where the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are recorded in the logical block with the logical block number “2” is recorded.

    In the example of FIG. 21A, since only the File Data 403 is contained in the Sub Directory 402, the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are substantially the File Identifier Descriptor in which information about the File Data 403 is described. This indicates the recording position of sentence 406.

    ... In the Short Allocation Descriptor statement in the File Entry statement, it is described that the contents of SubDirectory 402 are recorded in the third logical block (AD (3)).

• The contents of Sub Directory 402 are recorded in the logical block with logical block number “3”.

    In the example of FIG. 21A, since only the File Data 403 is contained in the Sub Directory 402, information regarding the File Data 403 is described in the File Identifier Descriptor statement 406 as the contents of the Sub Directory 402. Although not shown, the information of the Sub Directory 402 itself is also written in the same logical block in a File Identifier Descriptor sentence.

    ... the File Identifier Descriptor statement 406 related to File Data 403 The recording position of FileEntry statement 407 indicating the location where the contents of File Data 403 are recorded (in the example of FIG. 21B, in the fourth logical block) Recorded in the Long Allocation Descriptor statement (LAD (4)).

A File Entry statement 407 indicating the position where the File Data 403 contents 408 and 409 are recorded is recorded in the logical block with the logical block number “4”.

    ... It is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor statement in File Entry statement 407 that File Data 403 contents 408 and 409 are recorded in the fifth and sixth logical blocks (AD (5), AD (6)). .

File Data 403 content information (a) 408 is recorded in the logical block with the logical block number “5”.

File Data 403 content information (b) 409 is recorded in the logical block with the logical block number “6”.

[A-2-5] FIG. 21B: File Data Access Method According to Information As described briefly in “[A-2-4] File system information recording contents on information storage medium” Descriptors 404 and 406 and File Entry 405 and 407 describe logical block numbers in which subsequent information is described. In the same way that File Data is reached via SubDirectory while descending the hierarchy from Root Directory, the information in the logical block on the information storage medium is sequentially accessed according to the logical block number described in File Identifier Descriptor and File Entry. Access the data contents of File Data while playing.

  That is, in order to access File Data 403 with respect to the information shown in FIG. 21B, first, the first logical block information is read. Since File Data 403 exists in Sub Directory 402, search for File Identifier Descriptor 404 of Sub Directory 402 from the first logical block information, read LAD (2), and then add the second Read logical block information. Since there is only one File Entry statement in the second logical block, it reads AD (3) and moves to the third logical block. In the third logical block, a File Identifier Descriptor 406 described with respect to File Data 403 is searched and LAD (4) is read. When moving to the 4th logical block according to LAD (4), only one File Entry statement 407 is written there, so AD (5) and AD (6) are read and the contents of File Data 403 are recorded. Find the logical block number (5th and 6th).

  The contents of AD (*) and LAD (*) will be described in detail in “[B] Specific contents of each UDF description (Descriptor)”.

[A-3] Features of UDF [A-3-1] Description of UDF Features The features of UDF will be described below by comparison with FAT used in HDD, FDD, MO, and the like.

1) Suitable for recording video information and music information having a large minimum unit (such as minimum logical block size and minimum logical sector size) and a large amount of information to be recorded.

  ... the logical sector size of the FAT is 512 bytes, whereas the logical sector (block) size of the UDF is 2048 bytes.

2) In FAT, the allocation management table (File Allocation Table) of files to the information storage medium is recorded locally and centrally on the information storage medium, whereas in UDF, the file management information is distributed to arbitrary positions on the disk. Can record.

  ... In UDF, file management information and file data recording positions on the disk are described in the Allocation Descriptor as logical sector (block) numbers.

  * Since FAT is centrally managed in the file management area (File Allocation Table), it is suitable for applications that require frequent changes to the file structure (mainly frequent rewriting applications). Because it is easy to rewrite information). In addition, since the recording location of the file management information (File Allocation Table) is determined in advance, it is assumed that the storage medium has high reliability (there are few defective areas).

  * In UDF, file management information is distributed, so there is little change in the file structure, and a new file structure is added later in the lower part of the hierarchy (mainly the part below the Root Directory). It is suitable for [mainly used for appending] (since there are few changes to the previous file management information during appending). In addition, since the recording position of the distributed file management information can be arbitrarily designated, it is possible to record while avoiding innate defects.

  Since file management information can be recorded at an arbitrary position, all file management information can be collected and recorded in one place, and the advantages of the FAT can be obtained, so that it can be considered as a more versatile file system.

[B] Specific contents of each UDF description (Descriptor) [B-1] Logical block number description [B-1-1] Allocation Descriptor
As shown in “[A-2-4] Contents of file system information recorded on information storage medium”, it is included in a part of File Identifier Descriptor, File Entry, etc., and the position where the subsequent information is recorded (logical The descriptive text indicating the block number) is called Allocation Descriptor. The Allocation Descriptor includes the Long Allocation Descriptor and Short Allocation Descriptor shown below.

[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descriptor
As shown in Fig. 22, Extent length 410 ... Displays the number of logical blocks in 4 bytes.
・ Extent position 411: Displays the corresponding logical block number in 4 bytes.
・ Implementation Use 412: Information used for computation processing, displayed in 8 bytes.
Etc. In the explanation here, the description is simplified and described in “LAD (Logical Block Number)”.

[B-1-3] Short Allocation Descriptor
As shown in Fig. 23-Length of Extent 410 ... Displays the number of logical blocks in 4 bytes.
・ Extent position 411: Displays the corresponding logical block number in 4 bytes.
Consists of only. In the explanation here, the description is simplified and described in “AD (Logical Block Number)”.

[B-2] Unlocated Space Entry
As shown in FIG. 24, an “unrecorded extent distribution” on the information storage medium is described in a short allocation descriptor for each extent, and is used in the space table (see FIGS. 19 and 20). . Specifically, Descriptor Tag 413 ... represents the identifier of the description content, in this case “263”,
ICB Tag 414 ... Indicates the file type,
File Type = 1 in the ICB Tag means Unallocated Space Entry, File Type = 4 indicates Directory, and File Type = 5 indicates File Data.

-Total length of 415 ... 4Bytes in Allocation Descriptors column indicates the total number of bytes.

Etc. are described.

[B-3] File Entry
The description described in “[A-2-4] File system information recording contents on information storage medium”.

As shown in FIG. 25, the descriptor tag (Descriptor Tag) 417... Represents the identifier of the description content. In this case, “261”,
ICB Tag 418 ... Indicates the file type → The content is the same as [B-2]
・ Permissions 419: Indicates permission for recording / playback / deletion by user, mainly used for the purpose of ensuring the security of files.
・ Allocation Descriptors 420: Describes the location where the contents of the corresponding file are recorded, by arranging the Short Allocation Descriptor for each extent.
Etc. are described.

[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor
Descriptive text describing file information as described in “[A-2-4] File system information recording contents on information storage medium”.

As shown in FIG. 26, Descriptor Tag 421... Represents the identifier of the description content, in this case “257”,
-File Characteristics (File Characteristics) 422 ... Indicates the type of the file, and indicates one of Parent Directory, Directory, File Data, and a file deletion flag.

Information control block 423: The FE position corresponding to this file is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor.

-File Identifier 424: Directory name or file name.

Padding 437: File Identifier Descriptor A dummy area added to adjust the overall length, and normally all “0” are recorded.

Etc. are described.

[C] Example of file structure description recorded on information storage medium according to UDF The contents shown in “[A-2] Outline of UDF” will be described in detail below using a specific example.

  FIG. 27 shows a more general file system structure example with respect to FIG. The information in the parentheses indicates the logical block number on the information storage medium in which the information on the contents of the Directory or the data content of File Data is recorded.

  An example in which the information of the file system structure in FIG. 27 is recorded on the information storage medium in accordance with the UDF format is shown in a file structure (File Structure) 486 in FIGS.

As a method for managing unrecorded locations on information storage media * Space Bitmap method ... Space Bitmap Descriptor 470 is used to record all the logical blocks in the recording area in the information storage medium as a bitmap. Or set an “unrecorded” flag.

* Space table method: All unrecorded logical block numbers are listed in the short allocation descriptor list using the unallocated space entry 471 description method.

  There are two methods.

  In the description of the present embodiment, both systems are intentionally shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 for the sake of explanation, but in actuality, both are rarely used together (recorded on the information storage medium). , Only one of them is used.

  An outline of the contents of the main descriptors described in FIGS. 19 and 20 is as follows.

・ Beginning Extended Area Descriptor 445: Indicates the start position of Volume Recognition Sequence.

・ Volume Structure Descriptor 446… Describes the contents of Volume,
・ Boot Descriptor 447: Describes the processing content at boot time.
・ Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 448 ... Indicates the end position of Volume Recognition Sequence.
-Partition Descriptor 450: Indicates partition information (size, etc.). In principle, DVD-RAM uses one partition per volume.

・ Logical Volume Descriptor 454 ... Describes the contents of the logical volume,
Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 458 indicates the recording positions of Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 and Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 467 within the information storage medium recording area.

Reserved (all 00h bytes) 459 to 465... In order to secure a logical sector number for recording a specific descriptor, an adjustment area in which all “0” s are recorded is provided.

・ Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequence 467… Main Volume Descriptor. Packed up area of information recorded in Sequence 449.

[D] Method of Accessing File Data During Reproduction Access on an information storage medium for reproducing the data content of, for example, File Data H 432 (see FIG. 27) using the file system information shown in FIGS. A processing method will be described.

1) The information of Boot Descriptor 447 in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 area is reproduced as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is activated or when an information storage medium is loaded.

2) The boot process starts according to the description in Boot Descriptor 447. In particular, when there is no specified processing at the time of booting, first, the information of the logical volume descriptor (Logical Volume Descriptor) 454 in the main volume description sequence (Main Volume Descriptor Sequence) 449 area is reproduced.

3) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and there is a logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded. It is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (in the example of FIGS. 19 and 20, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100)).

4) Access the 100th logical block (which is 372nd in the logical sector number) and reproduce the File Set Descriptor 472. Among them, the location (logical block number) where the File Entry relating to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the Root Directory ICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (LAD in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). (It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from (102)).

According to LAD (102) of Root Directory ICB 473
5) Accesses the 102nd logical block, reproduces the File Entry 475 related to the Root Directory A 425, and reads the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (103)). .

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425.

     Since File Data H 432 exists under the Directory D 428 series, the File Identifier Descriptor related to Directory D 428 is searched, and the logical block number in which the File Entry related to Directory D 428 is recorded (shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). Read LAD (110)).

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information relating to the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Directory D 428.

     Since File Data H 432 exists directly under SubDirectory F 430, the File Identifier Descriptor related to SubDirectory F 430 is searched, and the logical block number in which the File Entry related to SubDirectory F 430 is recorded (shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). Read LAD (112)).

9) The 112th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 482 related to the SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information about the contents of SubDirectory F430, and search for the File Identifier Descriptor about File Data H432. From there, the logical block number (LAD (114) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) in which File Entry relating to File Data H 432 is recorded is read.

11) Access the 114th logical block, reproduce the File Entry 484 for the File Data H 432, and read the position where the data content 489 of the File Data H 432 is recorded.

12) Information is reproduced from the information storage medium in the order of logical block numbers described in the File Entry 484 related to the File Data H 432, and the data content 489 of the File Data H 432 is read.

[E] Specific File Data Content Changing Method A processing method including access when changing the data content of File Data H 432 using the file system information shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 will be described.

1) Find the capacity difference of the data contents before and after the change of File Data H 432, divide the value by 2048 bytes, and how many additional logical blocks will be used or how many will be unnecessary to record the changed data Calculate in advance.

2) The information in the Boot Descriptor 447 in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 area is reproduced as the boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is activated or when the information storage medium is loaded. The boot process starts according to the description in Boot Descriptor 447. In particular, when there is no specified boot process, 3) First, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the Partition Contents Use 451 information described therein is read. In this Partition Contents Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor), the recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

The Space Table position is described in the Unallocated Space Table 452 column in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (50) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20).・ Space Bitmap position is described in the form of Short Allocation Descriptor in the Unallocated Space Bitmap 453 column. (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20)
4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the space bitmap read in 3). It reads Space Bitmap information from Space Bitmap Descriptor 470, searches for unrecorded logical blocks, and registers the use of logical blocks for the calculation result of 1) (Rewriting processing of Space Bitmap Descriptor 460 information). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) in which the Space Table read in 3) is described. Search for an unrecorded logical block from USE (AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 in the Space Table, and register the use of logical blocks for the calculation result of 1).

(Rewrite processing of Space Table information)
* Actual processing is either “4)” or “4 ')”.

5) Next, the information of the Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced.

6) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the location where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 22) format. (In the example of FIGS. 19 and 20, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100)).

7) Access the 100th logical block (the logical sector number is 400th) and reproduce the File Set Descriptor 472. Among them, the location (logical block number) where the File Entry relating to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the Root Directory ICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (LAD in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). (It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from (102)).

According to LAD (102) of Root Directory ICB 473
8) Access to the 102nd logical block, reproduce the File Entry 475 related to the Root Directory A 425, and read the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (103)) .

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425.

  Since File Data H 432 exists under the Directory D 428 series, the File Identifier Descriptor related to Directory D 428 is searched for, and the logical block number in which the File Entry related to Directory D 428 is recorded (shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). Read LAD (110)).

10) The 110th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 480 related to Directory D 428 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Directory D 428.

     Since File Data H 432 exists directly under SubDirectory F 430, the File Identifier Descriptor related to SubDirectory F 430 is searched, and the logical block number in which the File Entry related to SubDirectory F 430 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). Reads LAD (112)).

12) The 112th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 482 related to the SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

13) The 113th logical block is accessed, information regarding the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and a File Identifier Descriptor regarding File Data H 432 is searched. From there, the logical block number (LAD (114) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) in which File Entry relating to File Data H 432 is recorded is read.

14) Access the 114th logical block, reproduce the File Entry 484 related to the File Data H 432, and read the position where the data content 489 of the File Data H 432 is recorded.

15) Record the data content 489 of the changed File Data H 432 in consideration of the logical block number additionally registered in 4) or 4 ′).

[F] Specific File Data / Directory Erase Processing Method A method for erasing File Data H 432 or SubDirectory F 430 will be described as an example.

The information of the Boot Descriptor 447 in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 area is reproduced as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is activated or when the information storage medium is loaded.
The boot process starts according to the description in Boot Descriptor 447. In particular, when there is no designated process at the time of booting, information on the Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is first reproduced.

3) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the location where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 22) format. (In the example of FIGS. 19 and 20, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100)).

4) Access the 100th logical block (which is 400th in the logical sector number) and reproduce the File Set Descriptor 472. Among them, the location (logical block number) where the File Entry relating to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the Root Directory ICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (LAD in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). (It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from (102)).

According to LAD (102) of Root Directory ICB 473
5) Accesses the 102nd logical block, reproduces the File Entry 475 related to the Root Directory A 425, and reads the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (103)). .

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425.

  Since File Data H 432 exists under the Directory D 428 series, a File Identifier Descriptor related to Directory D 428 is searched for, and a logical block number in which a File Entry related to Directory D 428 is recorded (shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). Read LAD (110)).

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information relating to the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and play back information about the contents of Directory D 428.

     Since File Data H 432 exists directly under SubDirectory F 430, a File Identifier Descriptor related to SubDirectory F 430 is searched.

<< When deleting SubDirectory F430 >>
A “file deletion flag” is set in the File Characteristics 422 (FIG. 26) in the File Identifier Descriptor regarding the SubDirectoryF 430.

  The logical block number (LAD (112) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) recorded in the File Entry relating to SubDirectory F 430 is read.

9) The 112th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 482 related to the SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information about the contents of SubDirectory F 430, and look for the File Identifier Descriptor for File Data H 432.

<< When erasing File Data H432 >>
A “file deletion flag” is set in the File Characteristics 422 (FIG. 26) in the File Identifier Descriptor regarding the File Data H 432. Further, the logical block number (LAD (114) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) in which File Entry relating to File Data H 432 is recorded is read from there.

11) Access the 114th logical block, reproduce the File Entry 484 for the File Data H 432, and read the position where the data content 489 of the File Data H 432 is recorded.

<< When erasing File Data H432 >>
The logical block in which the data content 489 of File Data H 432 is recorded is released by the following method (the logical block is registered in an unrecorded state).

12) Next, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. In this Partition Contents Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor), the recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

Space Table position is described in the form of Short Allocation Descriptor in the Unallocated Space Table 452 column (AD (50) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). Also, the space bitmap location is described in the Unallocated Space Bitmap 453 column in the form of a short allocation descriptor (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20).

13) Access the logical block number (0) described in the space bitmap read in 12), and rewrite the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) into the Space Bitmap Descriptor 470. Alternatively, 13 ′) the logical block number (50) described in the space table read in 12) is accessed, and the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) is rewritten into the space table.

* Actual processing is either “13)” or “13 ′)”.

<< When erasing File Data H432 >>
12) The position where the data content 490 of File Data I 433 is recorded is read by following the same procedure as 10) to 11).

13) Next, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. In this Partition Contents Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor), the recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

The Space Table position is described in the Unallocated Space Table 452 column in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (50) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). In addition, the space bitmap position is described in the Unallocated Space Bitmap 453 column in the form of a short allocation descriptor (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20).

14) Access the logical block number (0) described in the space bitmap read in 13), and rewrite the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) and 12) into the Space Bitmap Descriptor 470. Alternatively, 14 ′) the logical block number (50) described in the space table read in 13) is accessed, and the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) and 12) is rewritten to the space table.

* Actual processing is either “14)” or “14 ')”.

[G] File Data / Directory Addition Processing As an example, an access / addition processing method when newly adding file data or a directory under Sub Directory F 430 will be described.

1) When adding file data, the capacity of the content of the file data to be added is checked, the value is divided by 2048 bytes, and the number of logical blocks necessary for adding the file data is calculated.

2) The information in the Boot Descriptor 447 in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 area is reproduced as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is activated or when the information storage medium is loaded. The boot process starts according to the description in Boot Descriptor 447. In particular, when there is no specified boot process, 3) First, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the Partition Contents Use 451 information described therein is read. In this Partition Contents Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor), the recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

The Space Table position is described in the Unallocated Space Table 452 column in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (50) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). In addition, the space bitmap position is described in the Unallocated Space Bitmap 453 column in the form of a short allocation descriptor (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20).

4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the space bitmap read in 3). It reads Space Bitmap information from Space Bitmap Descriptor 470, searches for unrecorded logical blocks, and registers the use of logical blocks for the calculation result of 1) (Rewriting processing of Space Bitmap Descriptor 460 information). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) in which the Space Table read in 3) is described. Search for an unrecorded logical block from USE (AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 in the Space Table, and register the use of logical blocks for the calculation result of 1).

(Rewrite processing of Space Table information)
* Actual processing is either “4)” or “4 ')”.

5) Next, the information of the Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced.

6) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 22) format. (In the example of FIGS. 19 and 20, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100)).

7) Access the 100th logical block (the logical sector number is 400th) and reproduce the File Set Descriptor 472. Among them, the location (logical block number) where the File Entry relating to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the Root Directory ICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (LAD in the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20). (It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from (102)).

According to LAD (102) of Root Directory ICB 473
8) Access to the 102nd logical block, reproduce the File Entry 475 related to the Root Directory A 425, and read the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (103)) .

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425.

  A File Identifier Descriptor related to Directory D 428 is searched, and a logical block number (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) in which File Entry related to Directory D 428 is recorded is read.

10) The 110th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 480 related to Directory D 428 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information about the contents of Directory D 428.

  A File Identifier Descriptor related to Sub Directory F 430 is searched, and a logical block number (LAD (112) not shown in FIGS. 19 and 20) in which File Entry related to Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read.

12) The 112th logical block is accessed, the File Entry 482 related to the Sub Directory F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information related to the contents of the Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)). .

13) The 113th logical block is accessed, and the file identifier descriptor of the file data or directory to be newly added is registered in the information related to the contents of Sub Directory F430.

14) Access the logical block number position registered in 4) or 4 ′), and record the File Entry related to the newly added file data or directory.

15) Access the logical block number position indicated in Short Allocation Descriptor in 14) File Entry, and record the data identifier of the Parent Directory File Identifier Descriptor or the file data to be added.

  Unlike conventional computer information, video information is required to guarantee continuity during recording, as shown in the lists of FIGS. The following explains the reason for hindering the continuity during recording and the method for guaranteeing the continuity during recording.

  FIG. 28 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system for explaining continuity during recording.

  Video information sent from the outside is temporarily stored in a buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219. When the optical head 202 reaches the recording position on the information storage medium 201 by the coarse access 1334 and the dense access 1333 operations, the video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 is stored in the information via the optical head 202. Recorded on the medium 201. Here, a transfer rate of video information sent from the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 to the optical head 202 is defined as a physical transfer rate (PTR) 1387. An average value of the transfer rate of the video information transferred from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 is defined here as a system transfer rate (STR) 1388. In general, the physical transfer rate PTR and the system transfer rate STR have different values.

  In order to sequentially record video information at different locations on the information storage medium 201, an access operation for moving the condensing spot position of the optical head 202 is required. A coarse access 1334 for moving the entire optical head 202 is performed for a large movement, and a fine access 1333 for moving only an objective lens for condensing a laser beam is performed for a small distance movement.

  29 and 30 illustrate a buffer memory (semiconductor memory) in the case where video information is sequentially recorded at a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 while performing access control of the optical head 202 with respect to video information transferred from the outside. The time transition of the video information amount temporarily stored in the BM 219 is shown. Since the physical transfer rate PTR is generally faster than the system transfer rate STR, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 continues to decrease during the video information recording times 1393, 1397, and 1398. The amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 becomes “0”. At that time, the video information continuously transferred is recorded in the information storage medium 201 as it is without being temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219, and the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 Remains in the “0” state.

  Next, when video information is recorded at a different position on the information storage medium 201, access processing of the optical head 202 is executed prior to the recording operation. As the access period of the optical head 202, as shown in FIG. 30, three types of time are required: coarse access times 1348 and 1376, fine access times 1342 and 1343, and rotation waiting times 1345 and 1346 of the information storage medium 201. During this period, recording processing to the information storage medium 201 is not performed, so that the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 during this period is substantially in a “0” state. On the other hand, since the average system transfer rate STR1388 of the video information sent from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is kept unchanged, the video information temporary storage amount 1341 in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is constantly increasing. Follow.

When access to the optical head 202 is completed and recording processing on the information storage medium 201 is started again (period of video information recording times 1397 and 1398), the video information temporary storage amount 1341 in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is again Decrease. This decreasing slope is [average system transfer rate STR1332]-[physical transfer rate PTR1331].
Determined by.

  After that, when accessing the position near the recording position on the information storage medium again, it is possible to access only with the dense access, so only the dense access times 1363, 1364, 1365, 1366 and the rotation waiting times 1367, 1368, 1369, 1370 are necessary. It becomes.

  As described above, the condition for enabling continuous recording can be defined by the “upper limit value of the number of accesses within a specific period”. Although continuous recording has been described above, conditions for enabling continuous playback can also be defined by the “upper limit value of the number of accesses within a specific period” for the same reason as described above.

The access frequency condition that makes continuous recording absolutely impossible will be described with reference to FIG. When the access frequency is the highest, as shown in FIG. 29, the video information recording time 1393 is very short, and only the dense access times 1363, 1364, 1365, 1366 and the rotation waiting times 1367, 1368, 1369, 1370 continue in succession. become. In this case, recording continuity cannot be ensured no matter how fast the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 is. If the capacity of the buffer memory 219 is now expressed as BM, the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is full in the period of BM ÷ STR, and the newly transferred video information is transferred to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219. Temporary storage becomes impossible. As a result, video information corresponding to the amount not temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219 cannot be continuously recorded.

  As shown in FIG. 30, when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced and the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is kept almost constant globally, the temporarily stored video in the buffer memory 219 The continuity of video information recording viewed from the external system is ensured without overflowing information. Each coarse access time is SATi (objective Seek Access Time), the average coarse access time after n accesses is SATa, the video information recording time for each access is DWTi (Data Write Time), and the average after n accesses The average video information recording time for recording video information on the information storage medium after each access obtained as a value is defined as DWTa. The rotation waiting time for each rotation is MWTi (Spindle Motor Wait Time), and the average rotation waiting time after n times of access is MWTa.

The amount of video information data transferred from the outside to the buffer memory 219 in the entire access period when accessed n times is
STR × (Σ (SATi + JATi + MWTi))
≒ STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) (1)
It becomes. The amount of video information transferred from the buffer memory 219 to the information storage medium 201 when video information is recorded by accessing this value n times
(PTR-STR) x ΣDWTi
≒ (PTR-STR) x n · DWTa (2)
(PTR-STR) × n · DWTa ≧
STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa)
That is, (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧
STR × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) (3)
Therefore, continuity when recording video information viewed from the external system side is ensured. Here, if the average time required for one access is Ta,
Ta = SATa + JATa + MWTa (4)
(3) Formula is (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × Ta (5)
And transformed.

  The present invention is greatly characterized in that the average number of accesses is reduced by limiting the lower limit value of the data size to be continuously recorded after one access. A data area continuously recorded on the information storage medium after one access is defined as “Contiguous Data Area”.

From equation (5), DWTa ≧ STR × Ta / (PTR-STR) (6)
And can be transformed.

Contiguous Data Area size CDAS is
CDAS = DWTa × PTR (7)
From Equation (6) and Equation (7)
CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × Ta / (PTR-STR) (8)
It becomes.

The lower limit value of the Contiguous Data Area size for enabling continuous recording can be defined from equation (8). The time required for coarse access and dense access varies greatly depending on the performance of the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Suppose now that SATa≈200 ms (9). As described above, for example, MWTa≈18 ms and JATa≈5 ms are used for the calculation.

With 2.6GB DVD-RAM
TR = 11.08 Mbps (10)
It is. The average transfer rate of MPEG2 is
STR ≒ 4Mbps ... (11)
In the case of, substituting the above numerical value into equation (8),
CDAS ≧ 1.4Mbits (12)
Get. As another estimate,
SATa + JATa + MWTa = 1.5 seconds (13)
In the case of
CDAS ≧ 9.4 Mbits (14)
It becomes.

In addition, according to the recording / playback DVD standard, the maximum transfer rate of MPEG2
STR = 8 Mbps (15)
Since it stipulates that
Substituting the value of equation (15) into equation (8),
CDAS ≧ 43.2 Mbits ≒ 5.4 MBytes… (16)
Get.

  A comparison between Linear Replacement and Skipping Replacement as a replacement method for the defective area generated on the information storage medium has already been described with reference to FIG. Here, a comparison of LBN (Logical Block Number) setting methods at the time of each replacement process will be mainly described. As described above, the entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into sectors of 2048 bytes, and all sectors are physically assigned a sector number (PSN: Physical Sector Number) in advance. The PSN is managed by an information recording / reproducing apparatus (ODD: Optical Disk Drive) 3 as described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 32 (β), in the linear replacement method, the setting place of the replacement area 3455 is limited to the spare area 724 and cannot be set to an arbitrary place. When there is no defective area on the information storage medium, LBN is allocated to all sectors in the User Area 723, and no LBN is set for the sectors in the Spare Area 724. When a defective area 3451 in units of ECC blocks is generated in the User Area 723, the setting of the LBN at this location is removed (3461), and the LBN value is set for each sector in the replacement area 3455. In the example of FIG. 32 (β), “b” is set as the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3441, and “a” is set as the LBN. Similarly, “b + 32” is set as the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3442, and “a + 32” is set as the LBN. When recording data # 1, recording data # 2, and recording data # 3 exist as data to be recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 32 (α), recording data # 1 is recorded in the recording area 3441. Recording data # 3 is recorded in the recording area 3442. If the area sandwiched between the recording areas 3441 and 3442 and the PSN of the first sector starts with “b + 16” is the defective area 3451, no data is recorded here and no LBN is set. Instead, recording data # 2 is recorded in the replacement area 3455 where the PSN of the first sector in the spare area 724 starts with “d”, and the LBN starting with the first sector “a + 16” is set. As shown in FIG. 5, the address managed by File System 2 is LBN. Since the Linear Replacement method avoids the defective area 3451 and sets the LBN, File System 2 has a defective area 3451 on the information storage medium. The feature of the Linear Replacement method is that it is not made conscious. On the other hand, this method has a disadvantage that the File System 2 side cannot cope with the defective area 3451 on the information storage medium.

  On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, as shown in FIG. 32 (γ), LBN is also set for the defect area 3452, and the File System 2 side can cope with the defect area generated on the information storage medium ( The main feature of the present invention is that it is within the management range. In the example of FIG. 32 (γ), the LBN of the leading sector of the defect area 3451 is set to “a + 16”. Further, the following feature of the present invention is that the replacement area 3456 for the defect area 3453 can be set at an arbitrary position in the User Area 723. As a result, the replacement area 3456 is arranged immediately after the defect area 3452, and the recording data # 2 that should be recorded on the defect area 3452 can be immediately recorded in the replacement area 3456. In the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β), it is necessary to move the optical head to the spare area 724 in order to record the recording data # 2, and it takes time to access the optical head. On the other hand, the skipping replacement method does not require access to the optical head, and recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area. As shown in FIG. 32 (γ), the Spare Area 724 is not used in the Skipping Replacement method, and is handled as a non-recording area 3459.

  When the recording method as shown in FIG. 32 (β) is performed, the physical movement of the optical head is frequently performed as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 33, for example, when recording is performed up to the point A shown in the figure, if there is a defective area, a jump is made to the point B of the spare area for replacement. It is necessary to move to jump to point C in the writing area. With such a system, the movement of the optical head becomes more frequent as the number of defective areas increases, and if the transfer speed of input data to be written is high, it may become impossible to follow.

On the other hand, the points of the embodiment shown in FIG. 32 showing the major features of the present invention and the effects corresponding thereto are: A] LBN is also set for the defect region 3452.

In the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β) and the defect processing method shown in FIG. 16, LBN is not directly applied to the defect area, so that the exact defect area is not known from File System 2. When the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium is small, defect management can be completely left to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. 32 (β) and FIG. In addition, when a large number of defects that exceed the size of the spare area occur, if the defect management is performed only by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3, a failure occurs.
On the other hand, if LBN is set in the defect area 3452 so that the location of the defect area 3452 can be recognized on the File System 2 side, information recording is performed by a method as shown in steps ST3-05 to -07 of the recording procedure described later. The playback apparatus 3 and the File System 2 can cooperate in defect processing, and even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium, video information can be continuously recorded without failure.

B] The defect area 3452 that occurs in the User Area 723 and sets the LBN is left in the LBN space as it is.

  ... When LBN is set in Spare Area 724 (extension area 743 used for information recording) as shown in FIG. 16C in the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β) or the same Skipping Replacement method as shown in FIG. (There is no problem during the initial recording, but there is a problem when the recorded information is deleted and new information is recorded.)

    That is, when viewed from File System 2, all continuous addresses are set in the LBN space (File System 2 indicates that the LBN set in Spare Area 746 is physically located away from User Area 723). File system 2 tries to record information in a continuous range on the LBN space. Once the LBN is set in the Spare Area 724, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 must record information on the information storage medium in accordance with the specification of the File System 2, and the LBN setting location on the Spare Area 724 is recorded. There is a need to record information by moving to the optical head, the access frequency of the optical head increases, the amount of temporary storage of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated, and as a result, continuous recording may not be possible. .

    On the other hand, if the LBN set as shown in FIG. 32 (γ) is always set in the User Area 723, unnecessary access of the optical head is restricted when another information is recorded in the place after the information is deleted. This enables continuous recording of video information.

C] A replacement area 3456 is set immediately after the defect area 3452 generated in the User Area 723.

  As described above, compared to the linear replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β), the Skipping Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (γ) can record the recording data # 2 immediately after the defect area, thereby eliminating the need for an optical head. Access can be restricted, and video information can be recorded continuously. It is in the place to say.

The data structure of defect management information when the Skipping Replacement method is performed will be described. In this embodiment as a defect management information recording method in this case,
1) As shown in FIG. 34, the PSN information is recorded and managed on the information storage medium. After the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 reads the information, it is converted into LBN information in the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and then the file system 2 side How to notify,
2) A method of recording and managing LBN information on an information storage medium as shown in FIG. 35, and reproducing and processing directly on the File System side without interposing the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 (in this case, a defect on the information storage medium) The method of recording management information is also handled directly on the File System side).

  Among the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIG. 7, XX, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN / XXX, LBN / XXX-PS use the method of FIG. 34, and LBN / UDF LBN / UDF-PS and LBN / UDF-CDA Fix use the method of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, defect management information corresponding to the Linear Replacement method is PSN information as Lean-in Area 1002 and Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 in Lean-out Area 1005 in FIG. 691 is provided and is already recorded as the Secondary Defect List 3413. The embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that defect management information (SDL 3413) corresponding to PC data and defect management information (TDL 3414) corresponding to AV data (video information) are recorded separately.

  That is, in the present invention, defect management information corresponding to the Skipping Replacement method is defined as a Tertiary Defect List 3414. One piece of TDL entry 3427 and 3428 information is provided for each replacement process (for example, setting of the replacement area 3456 for the defect area 3452 in FIG. 32 (γ)).

  For the linear replacement method, the first sector 3431 in the defective ECC block, which is defective area location information, and the set position information 3432 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block indicating the replacement area location are registered as set information. In the case of the Skipping Replacement method, the location of the replacement area 3456 is determined to be immediately after the defect area 3452, and therefore, the information in the TDL entries 3427 and 3428 specifies the head sector number (PSN) 3433 in the defective ECC block and the replacement area location designation. Instead, the set information of the location 3434 where “FFFFFFh” is recorded as the Skipping Replacement identification information is used. By this recording method, it is possible to record defect management information that is consistent with SDL entries 3422 and 3423 corresponding to the Linear Replacement method on the information storage medium. All the defect management information shown in FIG. 34 is managed on the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side. All the TDL3414 information or SDL3413 information reproduced on the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side is recorded in PSN. As shown in FIGS. 32 (β) and (γ), there is a one-to-one correspondence between PSN and LBN for each defect processing method. Specifically, after performing “PSN → LSN conversion” using the relationship shown in FIG. 11, after performing “LSN → LBN conversion” using the relationship of FIGS. 19 and 20, the defect management information is Notify the File System 2 side as LBN information.

  The defect management information shown in FIG. 34 is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus, whereas the defect management information shown in FIG. 35 is managed on the File System 2 side, and the information storage medium (Optical) is in the LBN information format. Disk 1001).

  This information is recorded in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 managed by the UDF in the Volume & File Manager Information 1003. Defect information is collectively called Sparing Table 469, and defect management information corresponding to Linear Replacement is recorded in Secondary Defect Map 3471, and defect management information corresponding to Skipping Replacement is recorded in Tertiary Defect Map 3472. Both have SD Map entries 3482 and 3483 and TD Map entries 3487 and 3488 for each alternative process. The information description content in each map entry is the same as that shown in FIG.

  FIG. 36 shows a comparison between the picking replacement process and the linear replacement process in relation to the defect management information shown in FIG. 35 and the defect / replacement process recorded on the information storage medium.

  The head sector number 3493 in the defective ECC block in the TDM 3472 designates the defective area 3452 (ECC block = managed in units of 16 sectors) in FIG. 36 (γ), and an alternative area 3456 for recording video information for that location. Since it is always immediately after the defect area 3452, "FFFFFFh" 3494 is recorded as shown in FIG.

As another embodiment of the present invention for management information managed on the File System 2 side, as shown in FIG. 37, 1) a hidden file is created, and defect map information is described therein 2) Long Allocation Descriptor ( And a defect flag is set in Implementation Use 412.

  As described above, the replacement area 3456 can be arbitrarily set at the time of AV information recording. However, the replacement area at the time of occurrence of a defect with respect to PC information is determined in advance in the spare area 724 shown in FIG. When the area 724 is used up, replacement processing is impossible. In order to solve the problem, when the defect frequently occurs on the information storage medium and the spare area 724 shown in FIG. 32 (β) is full, the main area is used to secure an additional replacement area for the defective area when the PC file is recorded. Embodiment of the Invention As shown in FIG. 36 (β), a major feature of the present invention resides in that a substitute dedicated file 3501 is set in a User Area 723.

  FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram of a flowchart for creating the substitute dedicated file 3501. When the information storage medium is attached to the information recording / reproducing apparatus (ST41), the information recording / reproducing apparatus examines the DMA areas 663 and 691 (FIG. 34 (d)) on the information storage medium and examines the free area size in the spare area ( ST42). If it is determined that there is not enough free space (ST43), a SET SPARE FILE command is issued to File System 2 to request creation of a substitute dedicated file 3501 (ST45). Correspondingly, a substitute exclusive file 3501 is created on the File System side, and is added to the directory as a hidden file. The identification information of the substitute dedicated file 3501 is recorded in the substitute area setting file flag 3371 in the File Identifier descriptor 3364 as shown in the substitute dedicated file of FIG. 26 or FIG. The bit of the alternative area setting file flag 3371 is set to “1”. As another embodiment of the identification information of the substitute exclusive file 3501, an alternative exclusive file flag 3372 can be provided in the ICB Tag 418 of the File Entry 3520 as shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 60 (f) described later. .

  Since this area is managed by the File System 2 side, as shown in FIGS. 39 and 40, the information recording / reproducing apparatus issues a GET SPARE FILE Command to each time the information recording medium is attached to the information recording / reproducing apparatus (ST41). It is necessary to obtain the setting position information of the substitute exclusive file 3501 from System 2 (ST46). In the information recording / reproducing apparatus, when the PC information is recorded, the replacement process for the defective area is performed using the replacement dedicated file 3501 information received from the File System 2, and the result is recorded in the SDL 3413 in FIG. 34E (ST49). As the defect management information recorded here, the defect area 3451 (ECC block = 16 sectors) in FIG. 36 (β) is designated by the head sector number 3491 in the defective ECC block in the SDM 3471 shown in FIG. The replacement area 3455 in the replacement dedicated file 3501 is indicated by the head position sector number 3492 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block. As can be seen from FIG. 36 (β), the LBN area in the replacement dedicated file 3501 is used for a replacement process that is exactly the same as the Linear Replacement using the Spare Area 724.

  As described above, according to the present invention described in the above embodiment, the replacement area 3455 can be additionally set at an arbitrary place in the User Area 723. Therefore, the replacement area can be increased as the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium increases. Can be expanded.

  As described with reference to FIGS. 38 to 40, in order to ensure continuous recording of video information, recording and partial erasure processing in units of Contiguous Data Area are required. When a small amount of video information 3513 to be additionally recorded is additionally recorded with respect to the already recorded video information 3511 as shown in FIG. 41A, in the present invention, Contiguous Data Area # 3 3507 as shown in FIG. 41B. And the remaining part is managed as an unused area 3515. Further, when a small amount of video information 3514 to be additionally recorded is additionally recorded, the video information 3514 is recorded from the leading position of the unused area 3515. As a method for managing the head position of the unused area 3516, among the embodiments shown in FIG. 7, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / UDF-CDA Fix, LBN / As an embodiment of XXX, LBN / XXX-PS, Information Length 3517 information is used. Information Length information 3517 is recorded in File Entry 3520 as shown in FIG. This Information Length 3517 means the information size actually recorded from the beginning of the AV file as shown in FIG. 41 (c).

  Depending on the embodiment of the present invention, there is an embodiment in which it is necessary to cope with the Contiguous Data Area when partially erasing the AV file. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7, in LBN / UDF and LBN / XXX, as shown in FIG. 43, the boundary position of the Contiguous Data Area is not secured at the time of partial erasure in the AV file, Completely erase process. As shown in FIG. 43, when the Video Object #B 3532 which is the part to be erased extends over part of Extent # 2 (CDA: Contiguous Data Area # β) and Extent # 4 (CDA # δ), FIG. As shown in (b), the sizes of Extent # 6 3546 and Extent # 7 3547 are smaller than the Contiguous Data Area allowable minimum value.

  On the other hand, among the embodiments shown in the list of FIG. 7, in the XX, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, and LBN / ODD-PS, the boundary position management of the Contiguous Data Area is performed on the recording / playback application 1 side. That is, as shown in FIG. 31, since the boundary position information of the Contiguous Data Area is recorded in the Allocation Map Table, when the Video Object #B 3532 is deleted, the recording / playback application 1 side stores the CDA # β3536 and CDA # δ3538. The hanging part is newly defined as unused VOB 3552 and 3553, and additionally registered in Video Object Control Information. This form is illustrated in FIG.

  In the embodiment shown in the table of FIG. 7, LBN / UDF-CDA Fix, LBN / UDF-PS, and LBN / XXX-PS perform boundary position management of the Contiguous Data Area on the File System 2 side. In LBN / UDF-CDA Fix, the CDA is divided in advance in the entire recording area on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 45. As shown in FIG. 46, Boot which is a boot area in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 of UDF In Descriptor 447, boundary position management information of the Contiguous Data Area is recorded. Individual CDAs are managed separately as individual CDA entries 3555 and 3556, and a size 3557 and a head LBN 3558 are recorded. LBN / UDF-PS and LBN / XXX-PS do not have such prior information, and can arbitrarily set a CDA area.

When the AV Address and data size of the start position of Video Object #B 3532 to be erased from the recording / playback application 1 side are specified, the partial erasure location over CDA # β and CDA # δ is unused on the File System 2 side Extents 3548 and 3549 are registered in the File Entry in the AV file. As shown in FIG. 22 or FIG. 42 (f), the identification information of the unused extents 3548 and 3549 is the Allocation Descriptors 420 in the File Entry 3520 of the video information (AV file) as a Long Allocation Descriptor, “Unused extent flag” is set as an attribute.
When a DVD-RAM disk is used as the information storage medium, recording and partial deletion processing in units of ECC blocks 502 are required as shown in FIG. Therefore, ECC block boundary position management is required. In this case, when the boundary position of the deletion designated area and the ECC block boundary position management are deviated, unused Extents 3548 and 3549 are set in the fractional places as in FIG. 45B, and the attributes are set as shown in FIG. Add “unused extent flag”.

  The description of the unused area setting method set at the time of additional recording / partial erasure for securing the CDA boundary position and the ECC block boundary position has been described above with reference to FIGS. 41, 42, 43, 44, and 45. did.

FIG. 47 collectively describes other embodiments. The round 6 embodiment of FIG. 47 records the unused area start LBN in Implementation Use, and is slightly different from the above-described embodiment of FIG. 42 in which the “unused extent flag” is set in the same place. ing.
The difference in extent setting method after video information recording between LBN / UDF and LBN / XXX in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 48 and 49. FIG. In both cases, defect management information is recorded on the information storage medium for the defect area on the information storage medium discovered at the time of recording the video information. In LBN / UDF, defect management information is recorded in TDM (TDM3472 in FIG. 35E) managed by File System 2. In LBN / UDF, since defect management is performed on File System 2, Extent # 4 3574 including the defect area 3566 can be set (FIG. 48E). In LBN / XXX, defect management information is recorded in the TDL (TDL 3414 in FIG. 34 (e)) managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3, and the extent is set avoiding the defect area 3566 (FIG. 49).

Consider the case where the extent is set while avoiding the defect area 3566 as shown in FIGS. Now that AV information has been recorded in the form of FIG. 48 and FIG. 49 (e),
1. After the AV information recording is completed, another PC file is recorded at the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 (in this case, the Linear Replacement process is performed).

2. Further, in order to delete the previously recorded AV file, the Contiguous Data Area #B in FIGS. 48 and 49A is deleted.

3. There is a possibility that a process of recording another AV information in the location of Contiguous Data Area #B that has been deleted may occur. In this case, the PC file has already been recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defect area 3566 in the LBN space.

As shown in FIG. 50, the embodiment LBN / XXX of the present invention has a great feature in that a Contiguous Data Area 3593 can be set across the existing PC file 3582. A specific setting method is described in detail in the explanation place of FIG. 55 described later. In the present invention, the setting conditions for the Contiguous Data Area 3593 are: a) The existing PC file 3582 that can exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, or the total number Npc of defective areas 3586 that have been previously subjected to Linear Replacement satisfy Equation (28).

b] The total defect size Lskip requiring Skipping Replacement in the Contiguous Data Area including the defect area 3586 that has been subjected to Skipping Replacement previously satisfies the expression (29).

c] Coarse access time 1348, 1376 when the optical head accesses the next recording area in the Contiguous Data Area while avoiding the existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593 or the defective area 3586 that has been previously subjected to Linear Replacement. Do not use.

    ... It is set that the size of the existing PC file 3582 or the defect area 3586 that has been previously subjected to the linear replacement processing is small enough that coarse access is not required when accessing the optical head.

When recording AV information in the Contiguous Data Area 3593,
1) The existing PC file 3582 that can exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, the time for the optical head to access the next recording area while avoiding the defect area 3586 that has been previously subjected to Linear Replacement,
2) The period of skipping processing for the defect area 3587 processed by Skipping Replacement at the time of the previous recording and the defect area first discovered at the time of recording this time,
No AV information is recorded on the information storage medium. Therefore, during this period, the video information temporary storage amount in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus continues to increase in the same manner as the coarse access time 1348, fine access time 1343, and rotation wait time 1346 shown in FIG. Therefore, this period can be handled in the same row as the coarse access time 1348, fine access time 1343, and rotation waiting time 1346 of FIG. In the Contiguous Data Area 3593, the total size of the defective area 3587 skipped replacement processing at the time of the previous recording and the defective area first discovered at the time of the current recording and requiring the skipping processing is defined as Lskip.

The total time Tskip passing through the Lskip point is
Tskip = Lskip ÷ PTR (21)

Taking this condition into account, equation (8) becomes
CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip) / (PTR−STR) (22)
And transformed.

The existing PC file 3582 that can exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, when the optical head accesses the next recording area avoiding the defect area 3586 that has been subjected to the Linear Replacement process before, access by the track jump is performed. 1348 and 1376 reduce the existing PCfile 3582 size to the unnecessary level and the defective area 3586 size previously subjected to the linear replacement processing. In a general DVD-RAM drive, the objective lens movement distance at the time of dense access is about ± 200 μm, and the track pitch of the DVD-RAM disk
Pt = 0.74 μm (23)
Minimum data size per track
Dt = 17 × 2 kBytes = 34 kBytes (24)
From existing PC file 3582, the size per defect area 3586 that was previously Linear Replacement processed is
200 ÷ 0.74 × 34 = 9190kBytes… (25)
There is a need to: Considering margins in various places, the actual allowable maximum size is preferably ¼ of 2300 kBytes in the equation (25). If the above condition is satisfied, the access to the next recording area in the Contiguous Data Area may take only the dense access time 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1346 into consideration, and the dense access time 1343 required for one access. Is JTAa, rotation waiting time 1346 is MWTa, and the total number of existing PC file 3582 in the Contiguous Data Area and the defective area 3586 previously subjected to Linear Replacement is Npc, the total access time Tpc necessary to avoid the area is ,
Tpc = Npc × (JATa + MWTa) (26)
It becomes. Taking this time into account, equation (22) becomes
CDAS ≧
STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip + Tpc) / (PTR−STR) (27)
And transformed.

Using the values of (10), (13) and (15),
When (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 20%,
CDAS ≧ 6.5MBytes
When (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%,
CDAS ≥ 5.9MBytes
When (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%,
CDAS ≧ 5.7 MBytes
When (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%,
CDAS ≥ 5.6 MBytes
When (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%,
CDAS ≧ 5.5 MBytes.

From equations (27) and (26)
Npc ≦
{[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tskip} / (JATA + MWTa) (28)
(28) From equations (27) and (21),
Lskip ≦
{[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tpc} × PTR (29) can be derived.

Using the values of (28), (10), (13), and (15) and MWTa ≈ 18 ms and JATa ≈ 5 ms,
(Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%
When Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 6 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%
When Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 3 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%
When Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 1 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%
When Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 0
It becomes.

Moreover, if each value of (29) (10) (13) (15) Formula is used,
(Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 10%
When Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 208kBytes
(Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 5%
When Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 104kBytes
(Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 3%
When Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 62kBytes
(Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 1%
When Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 0kBytes
It becomes.

  In the above description, the AV information recording system conceptual diagram has been described with reference to FIG.

When the basic concept is examined, there is no problem in FIG. 28, but in order to examine in more detail, the system concept model of the recording system shown in FIG. 51 is used.

  When recording with the PC system shown in FIG. 6, AV information input from the outside is converted into a digital compressed signal via the MPEG gode 134, temporarily recorded in the main memory 112, and displayed according to the control of the main CPU 111. 6 is transferred to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 side. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 also has a buffer memory 219, and the transferred digital AV information is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219.

  A specific information flow will be described with reference to FIG. The video information 3301 stored in the main memory 112 on the PC side shown in FIG. 51 is transferred to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 side together with the WRITE command in the conventional method. In this conventional WRITE command, the LBN indicating the recording start position and the data size to be transferred are designated. The transferred video information is temporarily stored in an empty area 3311 that has not yet been transferred in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and then recorded at the first WRITE Command on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 3327. With the next WRITE command, the video information is temporarily stored in the video information 3315 area to be recorded on the information storage medium in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and the recording operation to the unrecorded area 3324 on the information storage medium is started. When a defective area 3330 occurs in the middle as shown in FIG. 52C, a part of video information 3315 scheduled to be recorded as a result of Skipping Replacement processing is a predetermined range on the information storage medium (range of unrecorded area 3324). The information recording / reproducing apparatus interrupts the recording process while overflow information 3321 is generated.

  In this way, with the conventional WRITE command that gives only the LBN indicating the recording start position and the transfer information size, the recording process is interrupted if the Skipping Replacement process described in the present invention is performed. The method of the present invention that can record AV information continuously for a long period of time without interruption even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium will be described below.

Major features of the AV information recording method according to the present invention are as shown in FIG.
* Step for determining whether the file to be recorded is an AV file (ST01)
* Step for presetting video information recording location on information storage medium (ST02)
* Recording AV information on the information storage medium (ST03)
* There is a step (ST04) of recording information arrangement information actually recorded on the information storage medium in a management area on the information storage medium. This process is mainly controlled by the File System 2 side.

  FIG. 54 shows the content of step ST01 in FIG. 53 in more detail, FIG. 55 shows the content of step ST02 in FIG. 53 in more detail, and FIG. 56 shows the content of step ST03 in FIG. FIG. 57 shows details of step ST04 in FIG. 53 in more detail.

  All processing for the information storage medium such as information recording, information reproduction, and partial deletion processing of information in the AV file is started for the first time after the recording / playback application 1 in FIG. Is done. The outline of the processing shown for the File System 2 is notified by issuing an SDK API Command 4 from the recording / playback application 1 side. When the SDK API Command 4 is received, the contents of the instruction are specifically bitten on the File System 2 side, and the DDK Interface Command 5 is issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 to execute specific processing.

  FIG. 58 shows an API command (SDK API Command 4) necessary for enabling the processing shown in FIG. 53 in the LBN / UDF and LBN / XXX according to the present invention.

  58. The partial content addition part and the new command part in the command type 3405 of FIG. 58 are within the scope of the present invention. A series of processing methods performed by the recording / playback application 1 using the API command will be described as follows.

<AV information recording process>
1st STEP: Create file command notifies the OS of the start of recording and the attribute of the target file (AV file or PC file).

2nd STEP: Specify the expected maximum size of AV information to be recorded on the information storage medium by Set Unrecorded Area Commend 3rd STEP: Write File Command (issue multiple commands to the OS) to perform AV information transfer processing Notify the side.

4th STEP: After completing a series of AV information recording processes, if the AV information size to be recorded at a later date is known, a Set Unrecorded Area Command is issued to secure an area for recording the next AV information in advance. It is also possible to place it.

  In the information storage medium of the present invention, both AV information and PC information can be recorded on the same information storage medium. Therefore, the PC information is recorded in the free area before the next AV information is recorded, and the free area may be lost at the time of the next AV information recording.

In order to prevent this, an unused area having a large size can be set in the AV file, and the next AV information recording location can be reserved in advance. (This 4th STEP may not be executed.)
5th STEP: The end of a series of recording processes is notified to the OS / File System side by Close Handle Command.

  * With the exception of adding the AV file attribute flag to Create File Command, both the Write File Command and Close Handle Command share the conventional PC information recording commands. This setting eliminates the need to change the program associated with changing the video information recording method in the upper layer, which is close to the API interface in the OS layered internally, and allows the existing OS software to be used as it is in the upper layer. It is said. On the File System side belonging to the lower-layer OS portion close to the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the file system side determines whether the target file is an AV file or a PC file by the method shown in FIG. Sorting.

  * Set the recording location address using AV Address.

<AV / PC information playback processing>
1st STEP: Notify the start of playback to the OS side by Create File Command 2nd STEP: Instruct a series of playback processes by Read File Command (issue a command to the OS multiple times) 3rd STEP: A series of playback by Close Handle Command Notify the end of processing to the OS / File System * The playback process is the same for both AV and PC files.

  * All playback location addresses are set using AV Address.

<Partial deletion processing in AV file>
1st STEP: The file name to be partially deleted is notified to the OS side by Create File Command.

2nd STEP: Delete process within the specified range is instructed by Delete Part Of File Command.

  … In Delete Part Of File Command, the AV Address to start deletion and the data size to be deleted are specified by parameters.

3rd STEP: Close processing command is used to notify the end of a series of playback processing to the OS / File System side.

<Inquiry about the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded on the information storage medium>
1st STEP: Inquires about the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded by Get AV Free Space Size Command. * Only by issuing Get AV Free Space Size Command to the OS side, the OS side can receive an answer of the unrecorded area size.

<Defragmentation processing>
1st STEP: An AV file defragmentation process is instructed to the OS side by an AV Defragmentation Command.

  * AV Defragmentation Command can perform AV file defragmentation by itself.

  * As a specific processing method for AV Defragmentation Command, file information of small Extent size scattered on the information storage medium is moved for each Extent, and processing to widen the space reserved for the Contiguous Data Area in the unrecorded area is performed.

  FIG. 59 shows a list of DDK Interface Commands 5 that the File System 2 issues to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side after specifically crushing the above-mentioned SDK API Command 4. The commands other than READ Command are commands that are newly presented in the present invention, or commands in which some modifications are made to existing commands.

  The information recording / reproducing apparatus is connected to, for example, IEEE 1394, etc., and simultaneously performs information transfer processing between a plurality of devices. 5 and FIG. 6, the information recording / reproducing apparatuses 3 and 140 are connected to only one main CPU 111. On the other hand, when connected to IEEE1394 or the like, it is connected to the main CPU for each device. Therefore, Slot_ID, which is identification information for each device, is used so that other information is not transferred to other devices by mistake. This Slot_ID is issued on the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3, 140 side. GET FREE SLOT_ID Command is issued on the File System 2 side, and declares the start and end of AV information with the AV WRITE start flag and AV WRITE end flag as parameters. Instruct Slot_ID issue.

  The recording start position in the AV WRITE Command is automatically set as the current position (the next AV information is recorded from the LBN position in which recording has been completed in the previous AV WRITE Command). An AV WRITE number is set for each AV WRITE Command, and the issued AV WRITE Command recorded in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus as a command cache is used by the DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command by using this AV WRITE number. Issue cancellation processing can be performed.

  As shown in FIG. 29, there is a GET WRITE STATUS Command so that proper processing can be performed on the File System 2 side before the AV information temporary storage amount in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated. As the return value 3344 of this GET WRITE STATUS Command is returned, the margin in the buffer memory 219 is returned, so that the situation in the buffer memory 219 can be grasped on the File System 2 side. In the embodiment of the present invention, this GET WRITE STATUS Command is inserted every time AV information is issued by AV WRITE Command for one Contiguous Data Area recording when there is no defect, and this is the command parameter 3343 in GET WRITE STATUS Command. The survey target size and the survey start LBN are matched to the target Contiguous Data Area. In addition, since the defect area found within the target range is given as a return value 3344 as the value of the start LBN of each ECC block in the GET WRITE STATUS Command, the Extent setting after recording AV information (ST4-04 in FIG. 57) To use this information.

  SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command is a command to notify the information recording / playback device of all scheduled recording locations as LBN information before recording AV information. The number of extents of each scheduled recording location, the respective extent start position (LBN) and Extent Has size as a command parameter. The scheduled recording location on the information storage medium is set based on the Zone boundary position information which is the return value 3344 of the GET PERFORMANCE Command issued in advance and the DMA information after LBN conversion.

  The detailed processing method in each step shown in FIG. 53 will be further described below.

  As shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 60F, the AV file identification information includes an AV file identification flag 3362 set in the Flags field in ICB Tag 3361 in the ICB Tag 418 of the File Entry 3520. Can be identified as an AV file.

  As another embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to set an AV file identification flag 3364 in the File Identifier Descriptor 3364 as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 54 shows a specific flowchart of steps for identifying whether or not the AV file is ST01 shown in FIG.

Processing starts only when Create File Command is issued from the recording / playback application 1 side. The AV file identification method depends on the conditions.
* When creating a new AV file, identify it using the AV file attribute flag in Create File Command.
* When adding AV information to an existing AV file, the AV file is identified using the attribute flag of the file already recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. .

  ... Use of this method eliminates the need to manage the attribute (AV file or PC file) of each file on the application program 1 side (automatic determination on the File System 2 side to switch the recording processing method) There is.

By adopting such a method, when the file is a PC file, conventional WRITE Command and Linear Replacement processing is performed, and when the file is an AV file, AV WRITE Command and Skipping Replacement processing is performed.

  On the recording / playback application 1 side, after issuing Create File Command, it sets the expected maximum value of the AV information recording scheduled size and issues Set Unrecorded Area Command. The Contiguous Data Area is set according to the maximum information size to be recorded based on the specified information, the defect distribution obtained by the GET PERFORMANCE Command, and the Zone boundary position information. When the embodiment of LBN / XXX in FIG. 7 is used, Equations (25) and (27) are used as this setting condition.

Based on the result, Allocation Descriptors information in the File Entry of the corresponding AV file is recorded in advance (ST2-07). Through this step, a) When connecting to, for example, IEEE1394 and recording between a plurality of devices in parallel, it is possible to prevent other information from being recorded at the scheduled recording position.

b) Even if recording is interrupted due to a power failure or the like during continuous recording of AV information, the information up to immediately before the interruption can be saved by tracing the scheduled recording position in order after restarting.

Merits (effects) such as are obtained. Thereafter, the information recording / playback apparatus side is notified of the scheduled recording position information by SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command (ST2-08). Since the information recording / reproducing apparatus knows in advance the recording position and recording order on the information storage medium by this advance notification, even if skipping replacement processing occurs frequently due to defects on the information storage medium when recording AV information, the recording process is stopped. It is possible to continue the continuous recording without making it.

  Details of the AV information continuous recording step shown in step ST03 of FIG. 53 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 41, the recording start position in the AV file is confirmed in advance using Information Length 3517 information (ST03-01). When a Write File Command is issued from the recording / playback application 1 (ST3-02), a GET FREE SLOT_ID Command with the AV WRITE start flag set is issued to cause the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 to issue a SLOT_ID (ST3-03).

A continuous recording processing method after ST3-04 is schematically shown in FIG. Video information # 1, # 2, and # 3 stored in the main memory by the AV WRITE Command are periodically transferred into the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. The video information stored in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is recorded on the information storage medium via the optical head 202. When a defective area 3351 occurs on the information storage medium 201, skipping replacement processing is performed, but during this time, video information is not recorded on the information storage medium 201, so video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. The amount increases. The File System 2 side periodically issues GET WRITE STATUS Command to monitor the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219. If the amount of temporarily stored video information is likely to be saturated,
1) Issue DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command to cancel a part of the command cache in the information recording / reproducing device.
2) Limit (reduce) the amount of video information transferred to the information recording / playback device with the next AV WRiTE Command.
3) Delay the issuance time until the next AV WRiTE Command to be issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and wait until the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus is reduced.
Do one of the following.

  The above contents will be described using specific examples as shown in FIGS. FIG. 63 to FIG. 70 show the transition of recorded information in three stages. The first stage is the PC-side memory, the second stage is the information recording / reproducing apparatus memory, and the third stage is the recording position on the information storage medium.

  Corresponding to ST2-08 in FIG. 55, a SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command with a circle 1 in FIG. 63A is issued. As shown in FIG. 59, since the extent head position information and the extent size information are set as command parameters in this command, in the example of FIG. And “g”... And Extent = CDA size “ca” and “fd”. Also, the AV WRITE Command indicated by circles 2 and 3 is issued so as to record the video information in two times for CDA # 1. Next, a GET WRITE STATUS Command indicated by a circle 4 is issued to grasp the recording status in CDA # 1.

   In order to specify the investigation target in GET WRITE STATUS Command as CDA # 1, “a” is set as the start LBN of the investigation target range, which is a parameter setting value, and “c−a” is set as the investigation target range. Has been. Similarly, AV WRITE commands of circles 5 and 6 are issued in order to record video information twice for CDA # 2. Next, a GET WRITE STATUS Command indicated by a circle 7 is issued to grasp the recording status for CDA # 2.

  This command is sent to the information recording / reproducing apparatus at a time, and the command is cached (ST3-05 in FIG. 56). If there is no defect in the unused state location 3371 on the information storage medium shown in FIG. 64 (B), the recording information α 3361 on the information storage medium is recorded as shown in FIG. 65 (C). Next, as shown in FIG. 66 (D), when a defective area 3375 occurs, skipping replacement processing is performed, and a part of video information to be recorded in CDA # 1 protrudes, but in advance by SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command Since the next recording location is known on the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side, the overflow information is recorded at the location 3371 which is the shift information β3. Information on the defect area 3375 is notified to the File System 2 side as a return value 3344 of the GET WRITE STATUS Command indicated by a circle 4 (see FIG. 56ST3-05, FIG. 63, and FIG. 67). It is determined whether the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing device (ODD) 3 is likely to overflow in the File System 2 (FIG. 56 ST3-06). Then, as a specific method shown in ST3-07 of FIG. 56, a circle 8 is a recording command for video information to be recorded on CDA # 3 by a DELETE PROCEDING COMMAND Command shown in circle 9 of FIG. 67 (E). The AV WRITE Command (FIG. 63) is canceled, and a command that limits (decreases) the amount of video information to be transferred is issued by the AV WRITE Command (FIG. 67) indicated by the circle 10.

  Since feedback to CDA # 2 is not in time, recording processing on the information storage medium as originally scheduled is executed as shown in FIG. 68 (F).

  As shown in FIG. 69 (G), it is assumed that the recording start position in the AV WRITE Command used here is not the current position, but the recording start position is designated on the File System 2 side. Even in this case, the recording start position designated on the File System 2 side and the recording start position actually recorded are allowed to be significantly different from each other due to a defect area discovered at the time of preceding video information recording.

  When a series of recording processes is completed, a GET FREE SLOT_ID Command to which an AV WRITE end flag is added is issued from the File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side using a Close Handle Command issued from the recording / playback application 1 as a trigger. When receiving this command, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 adds defect information discovered during this series of recording processing to the TDL 3414 in FIG.

  As the post-processing for recording video information, the unused area size to be left in the AV file is determined based on Set Unrecorded Area Command information (ST4-03 in FIG. 57) designated from the recording / playback application 1 side, and the information length 3517 is rewritten. (ST4-05) and final extent information rewriting processing (ST4-04) and UDF setting information rewriting processing are performed.

A procedure for reproducing video information in an AV file will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG.
* The recording / playback application 1 uses AV Address as the address information to be managed, and the SDK API Command 4 issued to the File System 2 uses AV Address to set the address.
* In File System 2, LBN (in some cases, LSN) is used as address information to be managed, and the DDK Interface Command 5 issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 uses LBN to set the address.
* The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 performs address management using PSN.
It is a mechanism to say.

  Accordingly, the place to be played back on the recording / playback application 1 is determined, and when a Read File Command is issued, “AV Address → LBN conversion” in File System 2 (ST06 in FIG. 71) and “LBN → in the information recording / playback apparatus 3” PSN conversion "(ST07) is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 72, the partial erasure processing method in the AV file does not perform any action on the AV information recorded on the information storage medium, and rewrites the File Entry information on the File System 2 (see FIG. 72). 72 ST09) and only the information change process for UDF is performed. Then, in order to register the partially erased location as an unrecorded area, the partially erased location is added to Unallocated Space Table 452 or Unallocated Spase Bitmap 435 information that is unrecorded area information on the UDF (ST10). Finally, the management information is rewritten for the recorded video management data file (ST11).

  In FIG. 73, since VOB # 2 3618 having a small data size is additionally recorded in the continuous data area # β 3602, the unused area Extent 3613 is set for the shortage in the continuous data area # β 3602. When video information or AV information is additionally recorded in the AV File 3620 next time, recording is started from the leading position of the unused area Extent 3613 (h + g in LBN, k + g in PSN).

Although not shown in the figure, VOB # 3 has existed between VOB # 1 3617 and VOB # 2 3618 in a form that partially spans Contiguous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Data Area # β 3602. With the partial deletion of VOB # 3, the processing described in FIG. 45 is performed on the portion of VOB # 3 straddling Contiguous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Data Area # β 3602, and the unused area Extent 3611 and unused Area Extent 3612 was set on the File System 2 side. Also, when VOB # 1 was recorded, a defect was found in units of ECC blocks in the range of LBN from "h + a" to "h + b-1", so there was a defect without recording video information or AV information there. Region Extent 3609 was set. As described above, the Contiguous Data Area # α 3601 and the Contiguous Data Area # β 3602 include a recording area Extent 3605, a defective area Extent 3609, a recording area Extent 3606, an unused area Extent 3611, an unused area Extent 3612, and a recording area Extent. 3607, unused area Extent 3613 is lined up, but they are all regarded as part of AV File 3620,
As described in the lower part of FIG. 73, all extents are registered as Allocation Descriptors in the File Entry of the AV File 3620.

  In particular, as a major feature in FIG. 73, there is no independent defect management table as shown in Tertiary Defect Map 3472 in FIG. 35 (e), and only defect area Extent 3609 information registered in File Entry is defect management. It is information. The attribute identification information of each extent in the Allocation Descriptors in the File Entry of the AV File 3620 is recorded in the Implementation Use 3528 shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 74, the Long Allocation Descriptor description method is adopted as the Allocation Descriptors description method. When the value of “Implementation Use” 3528 is “0h”, “Extent of recording area” is indicated, and when “Ah” is indicated, “Not used”. “Extent of area” and “Fh” mean “extent of defective area”. Implementation Use 3528 is described by 6 bytes in the official UDF standard, but in FIG. 74, only the lower 4 bits are expressed for the sake of simplification. In FIG. 73, LBN and PSN are set for both the defect area and the unused area, and all of LBN and PSN are translated values. That is, the embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that no LBN jump occurs with respect to the PSN as a result of the linear replacement process. In addition, AV Address is assigned only to the locations where the recording areas Extents 3605, 3606, and 3607 exist. The AV Address is configured such that numbers are set in order according to the description order of Allocation Descriptors described in the File Entry for all sectors except the defective area Extent 3609 and the unused areas Extents 3611, 3612, and 3613 in the AVFile 3620. It has become. That is, the LBN of the first sector of the recording area Extent 3605 is “h”, the PSN is “k”, the AV Address is set to “0”, and the LBN of the first sector of the recording area Extent 3607 is “h + f”. PSN is “k + f”, and AV Address is “a + cb”.

  As shown in FIG. 13, information is recorded in units of ECC blocks 502 on a DVD-RAM disk. Therefore, also in FIG. 73 of the embodiment of the present invention, the file system 2 side is properly managed so that recording is performed in units of ECC blocks. In other words, the File System 2 controls the ECC block unit recording by the Extent setting. More specifically, “a”, “b”, “d”, “e”, and “j” in FIG. 73 are all set to be “multiples of 16”, and Contiguous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Data Area # β The start position 3602 is set to be the start position in the ECC block, and the end position is set to the end position in the ECC block.

  Since the defect area is processed in units of ECC blocks, the start and end positions of the defect area Extent 3609 coincide with the start and end positions in the ECC block. The individual VOB # 1 3616, 3617 and VOB # 2 3618 sizes in FIG. 73 do not necessarily have to be recorded in units of 16 sectors, but from the partial ECC blocks of VOB # 1 3616, 3617 and VOB # 2 3618. The amount of protrusion is corrected in the unused areas Extent 3611, 3612, and 3613 sizes.

  The difference between the video information and AV information recording methods in the embodiment shown in FIG. 73 is that the recording to the Tertiary Defect List 3414 in the DMA area in ST4-01 in FIG. 57 becomes unnecessary, and in ST4-04. The defect extent 3609 and the unused area extents 3611, 3612, and 3613 are added to the extent information.

  In the reproduction procedure, “AVAddress → LBN conversion → PSN conversion” is performed as shown in FIG. 71, but when “AVAddress → LBN conversion”, the attributes of each Extent are detected from Allocation Descriptors in the File Entry, and the recording areas Extents 3605, 3606, A major feature is that only 3607 is selected as a reproduction target (selection processing for defect extent 3609 and unused area extents 3611, 3612, and 3613).

  In addition, when partially erasing the file, it is necessary to insert the unused area extent appropriately, considering the Contiguous Data Area size and the ECC block boundary area location during the extent information rewriting process (ST09) in the AV file File Entry. .

  The important points of the present invention described above will be summarized below.

1. <Separate PC information defect management information and AV information defect management information>
The first information is PC information, the second information is AV information,
For the PC information, SDL3413 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or SDM3471 information shown in FIG. 35 (e) is recorded. For AV information, TDL3414 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or TDM3472 information shown in FIG. 35 (e) is recorded.

  As the defect processing method, the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β) is adopted for the PC information, and the Skipping Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (γ) is used for the AV information.

  As described above, defect management information is also divided according to different defect processing between PC information and AV information, thereby facilitating defect management. In addition, since each piece of information is recorded separately, as shown in FIG. 50D, the management and setting method when setting the Contiguous Data Area 3593 is facilitated.

2. <Different defect management information to be recorded according to recorded information content>
The determination unit for determining whether the information to be recorded on the information storage medium is either the first information or the second information represents the main CPU 111 in FIG. 6 in hardware, and the program software in FIG. The file system part 2 is meant, and a specific determination method is shown in FIG.

  Accordingly, the SDL 3413 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or the SDM 3471 information shown in FIG. 35 (e) is recorded for the PC information. For AV information, TDL3414 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or TDM3472 information shown in FIG. 35 (e) is recorded.

  As the defect processing method, the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (β) is adopted for the PC information, and the Skipping Replacement method shown in FIG. 32 (γ) is used for the AV information. That is, the optimum defect management method differs between PC information and AV information. Since the defect management information can be automatically created and recorded by the recording method or information recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention, the most optimum defect management according to each information can be performed.

3. <PDL, SDL, TDL (or TDM) information>
As an alternative method for the defective area on the information storage medium encountered during information recording, the first alternative method (Slipping) is described in FIG. The second replacement method (Linear Replacement) is described with reference to FIG. 32 (β), and the third replacement method (Skiping Replacement) is described with reference to FIG. 32 (γ).

  The defect management information (PDL) relating to the first replacement method means the PDL 3412 information shown in FIG. The defect management information (SDL) related to the second alternative method means SDL3413 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or SDM3471 information shown in FIG. 35 (e). The defect management information (TDL) relating to the third alternative method means the TDL 3414 information shown in FIG. 34 (e) or the TDM 3472 information shown in FIG. 35 (e).

  As described above, defect management information is also divided according to different defect processing between PC information and AV information, thereby facilitating defect management. In addition, since each piece of information is recorded separately, as shown in FIG. 50D, the management and setting method when setting the Contiguous Data Area 3593 is facilitated.

  4). The address recorded on the information storage medium means PSN: Physical Sector Number shown in FIG. 32, and the physical address means LBN: Logical Block Number shown in FIG.

  5. Defect management information related to the third alternative method being described as physical address information indicates that the defect management information is recorded as TDL3414 information shown in FIG. 34 (e), and defect management is performed on the information recording / reproducing apparatus side. Means to do. By performing defect management information in the information recording / reproducing apparatus in this way, the File System 2 side can concentrate on recording location management in the LBN space without being bothered by troublesome defect management.

  6). Defect management information relating to the third alternative method being described as logical address information indicates that the defect management information is recorded as TDM3472 information shown in FIG. 35 (e), and defect management is performed on the File System 2 side. means. In this way, defect management is managed on the File System 2 side, so that not only fine defect management can be performed, but also File System 2 directly performs defect management. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Management and setting at the time of setting Data Area 3593 are facilitated.

  According to this invention, the following information storage medium, defect management information recording method, and information recording / reproducing apparatus for recording defect management information can be provided.

  (1) An information storage medium capable of defect management suitable for continuous recording.

  (2) A defect management information recording method for recording defect management information so that continuous recording can be stably performed without being greatly affected even when a large amount of defect areas exist on the information storage medium.

  (3) Information recording / reproducing for recording defect management information for recording defect management information so that continuous recording can be stably performed without being greatly affected even if a large amount of defect areas exist on the information storage medium. apparatus.

The figure which shows the whole structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus which concerns on this invention, and an application block. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration in an information recording / reproducing unit. Explanatory drawing which shows the list of the functions required for video information recording and reproduction | regeneration. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a list of functions necessary for video information recording and reproduction following FIG. 3. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of the address space used by the hierarchy structure of the program software on a personal computer, and the hierarchy to write in the case of recording / reproducing a video information on a personal computer using recording / reproducing application software. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a personal computer. The comparison explanatory drawing of each Example regarding the defect management on an information storage medium, and the unused area management in AV file. Explanatory drawing of the layout of the outline recording content in a DVD-RAM disc. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure in the lead-in area in a DVD-RAM disc. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure in the lead-out area in a DVD-RAM disc. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a physical sector number and a logical sector number. Explanatory drawing which shows the signal structure in the sector recorded on a data area. Explanatory drawing which shows the recording unit of the information recorded on a data area. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the zone in a data area, and a group. Explanatory drawing of the logical sector setting method in a DVD-RAM disk. Explanatory drawing of the replacement processing method with respect to the defect area | region in a data area. Explanatory drawing of the setting operation | movement of a logical block number in an information recording / reproducing part. Explanatory drawing of the defect part process operation | movement in an information recording / reproducing part. The figure which shows the example which recorded the file system on the information storage medium according to UDF. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a continuation of FIG. 19. The figure which shows simply the fundamental relationship between the structure of the hierarchized file system, and the information content recorded on the information storage medium. The figure which shows the example of the content of a long allocation descriptor. The figure which shows the example of the content of a short allocation descriptor. Explanatory drawing of the description content of the unlocated space entry. Explanatory drawing which shows a part of description content of a file entry. Explanatory drawing which shows a part of description content of a file identification descriptor. The figure which shows the example of a file system structure. The conceptual diagram of the recording system shown in order to demonstrate the continuity of a recording signal. The state explanatory view of the information storage amount in the semiconductor memory when the access frequency is highest in the recording system. The state explanatory view of the amount of information stored in the semiconductor memory when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced in the recording system. The data structure explanatory drawing in the allocation map table in the case of managing the boundary position of a continuous data area with a recording / reproducing application in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing for the comparison with the picking replacement in case an information recording / reproducing apparatus manages defect management information, and a linear replacement. The figure shown in order to demonstrate the example of a movement on the track | truck of an optical head (pickup). Explanatory drawing of the data structure of the defect management information on the information storage medium which an information recording / reproducing apparatus manages in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the data structure of the defect management information on the information storage medium which the file system 2 manages in each embodiment of this invention. FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram for comparing the picking replacement and the linear replacement when managed based on the defect management information of FIG. 35. The figure shown in order to demonstrate the other example in case the file system 2 manages defect management information. The flowchart which shows the procedure for producing an alternative area | region setting file. The flowchart for demonstrating the substitution process using a substitution area | region setting file. The flowchart which shows the procedure for producing an alternative area | region setting file. Explanatory drawing of the unused area | region in the additional recording video information and a continuous day area in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording location of the information length designated for every file and the attribute description location for each extent. Explanatory drawing regarding the partial deletion processing method in AV file in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing regarding another example of the partial deletion processing method in AV file similarly in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing regarding another example of the partial deletion processing method in AV file similarly in each embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the continuous day area boundary position information content and its recording place in one Example of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the unused area setting method in an extent which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method including the defect area | region in one Example which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method which avoided the defect area | region in one Example which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of the continuous data area setting method and extent pre-setting method before recording in one Example which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows schematic structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus concerning this invention. The figure explaining the problem of a write command. The figure which shows the outline of the recording procedure of the video information in this invention. The figure which shows the detail of step ST01 of FIG. The figure which shows the detail of step ST02 of FIG. The figure which shows the detail of step ST03 of FIG. The figure which shows the detail of step ST04 of FIG. The figure which shows the content of various API Command used at the time of video information recording in embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the command with respect to the information recording / reproducing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the location where the identification information of the AV file which concerns on this invention is recorded. Explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the location where the identification information of the AV file which concerns on this invention is recorded. The conceptual diagram shown in order to demonstrate the continuous recording method of the video information which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the recording method to the information storage medium similarly by embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the reproduction | regeneration procedure of the video information which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the procedure of the partial deletion in the AV file concerning this invention. The figure which shows the movie information recording method which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the extent attribute identification information recording method in embodiment of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

101 ... Information reproducing unit or information recording / reproducing unit 102 ... Application configuration unit 1001 ... Optical disc 3412 ... PDL
3413 ... SDL
3414 ... TDL
3471 ... SDM
3472 ... TDM

Claims (4)

In an information storage medium on which AV data and management information are recorded,
An AV file in which the AV data is stored and includes an unrecorded position;
File management information for managing the recording position of the AV file is defined,
An application layer in which an information processing method for the AV file is set, a file system layer, and a disk drive layer in which information recording / reproduction control is set are defined. Uses the AV address as address information, the file system layer uses the logical block number and the logical sector number as address information, the disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as the address information, and the logical block number and the logical A sector number is associated with each other, the logical sector number and the physical sector number are associated,
As information for managing the volume of the information storage medium, a main volume descriptor sequence is set in the logical sector number space, and an anchor volume descriptor pointer is set in the vicinity of the boundary between the logical sector number space and the non-logical sector number space. An information storage medium characterized by having a structure set in the above. In a reproducing method of an information storage medium on which AV data and management information are recorded,
The information storage medium is
An AV file in which the AV data is stored and includes an unrecorded position;
File management information for managing the recording position of the AV file is defined,
An application layer in which an information processing method for the AV file is set, a file system layer, and a disk drive layer in which information recording / reproduction control is set are defined. Uses the AV address as address information, the file system layer uses the logical block number and the logical sector number as address information, the disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as the address information, and the logical block number and the logical Sector numbers are associated with each other, the logical sector number and the physical sector number are associated with each other,
The file management information includes file entry information for the AV file,
The file entry information includes an AV file identification information and a short allocation descriptor indicating recording position information for each extent constituting the AV file. The short allocation descriptor includes length information and position information of the extent. And the location information is specified by the logical block number,
The file management information further includes a file identifier indicating a recording position of the file entry information,
The file identifier describes the recording position information of the corresponding file entry information with a long allocation descriptor.
The AV data in the AV file is recorded in the information storage medium physically scattered for each extent, and the AV file is managed by an AV address connected to the scattered AV data. The AV file is set at the beginning with an AV address “0”, and the AV data is aggregated to form a plurality of video objects in the AV file, and the AV data is reproduced by recording / playback application software. Manage the order,
As information for managing the volume of the information storage medium, a main volume descriptor sequence is set in the logical sector number space, and an anchor volume descriptor pointer is set in the vicinity of the boundary between the logical sector number space and the non-logical sector number space. The structure is set to
The information storage medium reproduction method includes:
An information reproduction method comprising: reading the file management information; accessing the AV file based on the read file management information; and reproducing the AV data. In a playback device for an information storage medium on which AV data and management information are recorded,
The information storage medium is
An AV file in which the AV data is stored and includes an unrecorded position;
File management information for managing the recording position of the AV file is defined,
An application layer in which an information processing method for the AV file is set, a file system layer, and a disk drive layer in which information recording / reproduction control is set are defined. Uses the AV address as address information, the file system layer uses the logical block number and the logical sector number as address information, the disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as the address information, and the logical block number and the logical A sector number is associated with each other, the logical sector number and the physical sector number are associated,
The file management information includes file entry information for the AV file,
The file entry information includes an AV file identification information and a short allocation descriptor indicating recording position information for each extent constituting the AV file. The short allocation descriptor includes length information and position information of the extent. And the location information is specified by the logical block number,
The file management information further includes a file identifier indicating a recording position of the file entry information,
The file identifier describes the recording position information of the corresponding file entry information with a long allocation descriptor.
The AV data in the AV file is recorded physically interspersed for each extent in the information storage medium, and the AV file is managed by an AV address that is continuous by connecting the scattered AV data. The AV file is set at the beginning with an AV address “0”, and the AV data is aggregated to form a plurality of video objects in the AV file, and the AV data is reproduced by recording / playback application software. Manage the order,
As information for managing the volume of the information storage medium, a main volume descriptor sequence is set in the logical sector number space, and an anchor volume descriptor pointer is set in the vicinity of the boundary between the logical sector number space and the non-logical sector number space. The structure is set to
The information storage medium playback device comprises:
Means for reading the file management information;
Means for accessing the AV file based on the read file management information and reproducing the AV data;
An information reproducing apparatus comprising: In a recording method of an information storage medium in which AV data and management information are recorded,
The information storage medium is
An AV file in which the AV data is stored and includes an unrecorded position;
File management information for managing the recording position of the AV file is defined,
An application layer in which an information processing method for the AV file is set, a file system layer, and a disk drive layer in which information recording / reproduction control is set are defined. Uses the AV address as address information, the file system layer uses the logical block number and the logical sector number as address information, the disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as the address information, and the logical block number and the logical A sector number is associated with each other, the logical sector number and the physical sector number are associated,
The file management information includes file entry information for the AV file,
The file entry information includes an AV file identification information and a short allocation descriptor indicating recording position information for each extent constituting the AV file. The short allocation descriptor includes length information and position information of the extent. And the location information is specified by the logical block number,
The file management information further includes a file identifier indicating a recording position of the file entry information,
The file identifier describes the recording position information of the corresponding file entry information with a long allocation descriptor.
The AV data in the AV file is recorded physically interspersed for each extent in the information storage medium, and the AV file is managed by an AV address that is continuous by connecting the scattered AV data. The AV file is set at the beginning with an AV address “0”, and the AV data is aggregated to form a plurality of video objects in the AV file, and the AV data is reproduced by recording / playback application software. Manage the order,
As information for managing the volume of the information storage medium, a main volume descriptor sequence is set in the logical sector number space, and an anchor volume descriptor pointer is set in the vicinity of the boundary between the logical sector number space and the non-logical sector number space. The structure is set to
The recording method of the information storage medium is as follows:
An information recording method comprising: recording AV data at an unrecorded position of the AV file, and updating the file management information based on the recording.

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