JP3376364B2 - Information recording method and information recording device for information storage medium - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of setting an information recording location and an information recording method for continuously recording information such as video information and / or audio information on an information storage medium without logically interrupting it. And an information recording / reproducing apparatus that enables the recording. The present invention also includes the contents relating to the information storage medium having the data structure for continuously reproducing the information recorded based on the above recording method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art LD (Laser Disc (registered trademark)) and DVD video discs exist as information storage media in which video information or audio information is recorded. However, the above information storage medium is for reproduction only, and there is no defective area on the information storage medium.

A DVD-RAM disk currently exists as a medium for recording computer information. This medium allows additional recording, and an alternative processing method for the defective area generated on the information storage medium has been established.

There is a so-called linear replacement process as a replacement process method for a defective area when computer information is recorded on a RAM disk.

In this process, when there is a defective area, an alternative area in a spare area (Spare Area) secured in another area physically separated from the user area (User Area) is secured, This is a method of setting a logical block number (LBN) here. In this method, when recording or reproducing information on a disc, if an optical head has a defective area in the middle of recording or reproducing on the disc, data is recorded in a spare area at a physically distant position or is recorded. After that, you have to return to the interrupted position and record the following data. For this reason, the movement of the optical head must be frequent (see FIG. 16 (d)).

[0006]

[0007]

[0008]

Consider, for example, the case of recording video information or audio information according to the recording format of a DVD video disc on a DVD-RAM disc. As mentioned above, as a defect processing (alternative) method,
When the linear replacement process is performed, if a defective ECC block is encountered during recording, the optical head needs to reciprocate between the User Area 723 and the Spare Area 724, which will be described later each time. If the optical head is frequently accessed during recording in this way, the amount of video information stored in the buffer memory may change due to the relationship between the transfer rate and data amount of input data, the access time for recording, and the buffer memory capacity. Will exceed the memory capacity, making continuous recording impossible.

Also, the recording / playback application software 1
The layer wants to manage the video information to be recorded without being overwhelmed by the defect management on the information storage medium. However, when a large number of defective areas occur on the information storage medium, the conventional method uses the recording / playback application software. The influence of the defect on the information storage medium spreads to layer 1, and stable video information management becomes difficult.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to set a recording location and a recording method capable of performing stable continuous recording without being affected even if a large number of defective areas exist on an information storage medium. Another object of the present invention is to provide an information recording / reproducing device that does this. Another object is to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

[0011]

According to the present invention, in a method of recording information on an information recording medium, a file in which a defect management information area for defect area information is set and file entry information is recorded in the information recording medium. A management information area is set, an area of a space bitmap for setting an unrecorded area of the information recording medium is set, and an area for an AV file storing audio or video data is a physical AV data for each extent. Are set in a video object area that can be scattered and recorded in the video information area, an area for control information for managing the reproduction order of the AV data that is scattered is set in a control information area, and the file entry information is data for an extent. Contains an allocation descriptor and also sets the data allocation One Conte Gyua scan data area for allowing skip therein are defined,
The continuous data area includes a defective area
The size of the total amount of the defective area contained inside
The lower limit of the size can be changed accordingly.
The file entry information above contains information
From the defect management information area.
Referring to the defect area information, and
Search for unrecorded areas by referring to the bitmap information.
Area and the area to be recorded in the unrecorded area.
When you specify the
The defect area indicated by the depressed area information, and
The size is adjusted, and the continuous data area is
The setting step and the configured
Avoid the defective area and extend the data area.
The step of setting the
It is based on an information recording method including a step of recording AV data .

The control unit detects a defective area on the information recording medium, applies the input information in units of the contiguous data area to a buffer memory, and operates in units of the contiguous data data area. When there is the defective area in the range of 1), the input information is given to the head so that the input information jumps over the defective area and is recorded on the information recording medium.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a typical feature of the present invention. In each figure, reference numerals are written in blocks for explanation. The present invention is characterized by the following points.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a continuous data area (Co
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a setting method of an ntiguous Data Area) and a pre-setting method of an extent before recording.

As shown in FIG. 1A, information is recorded in file units on the information storage medium, and
As shown in (d), a contiguous data area (Contiguous Data Area) which is a continuous recording area for reducing the access frequency of the optical head and thereby enabling continuous recording on the information storage medium is defined. It As shown in FIG. 1B, this continuous data area is set over either one of another file recording area already recorded on the information storage medium or a defective area on the information storage medium. Then, as shown in FIG.
It is characterized in that an extent as an information recording location is set for another file recording area or an area divided by a defective area on the information storage medium.

First, the schematic structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 is mainly composed of two blocks. An information reproducing unit or an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 rotates an information storage medium (optical disc), and an information storage medium (optical disc) using an optical head.
It has a function of reading information recorded in advance (or recording new information in an information storage medium (optical disk)). Specifically, a spindle motor that rotates an information storage medium (optical disc), an optical head that reproduces information recorded on the information storage medium (optical disc), an information storage medium (optical disc) that records information to be reproduced.
It is composed of an optical head moving mechanism for moving the optical head to the upper radial position and various servo circuits. A detailed description of this block will be given later with reference to FIG.

Application configuration unit (application block)
Reference numeral 102 serves to transmit the reproduction information a to the outside of the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 by processing the reproduction signal c obtained from the information reproducing section or the information recording / reproducing section (physical system block) 101. The configuration in this block changes depending on the specific use (purpose of use) of the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103. The configuration of the application configuration unit (application block) 102 will also be described later.

In the case of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the recording information b given from the outside is recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk) by the following procedure.

The record information b given from the outside is directly transferred to the application configuration unit (application block) 102.

After processing the recording information b in the application configuration unit (application block) 102, the recording signal d is transmitted to the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101.

The transmitted recording signal d is recorded on the information storage medium in the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101.

Next, the internal structure of the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 will be described.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining an example of the internal structure of the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

Description of basic functions of the information recording / reproducing unit.

In the information recording / reproducing unit, new information is recorded or rewritten (including erasing of information) at a predetermined position on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by using a focused spot of a laser beam. Further, from a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201, using a focused spot of a laser beam,
The information already recorded is reproduced.

Description will be made on the basic function achieving means of the information recording / reproducing unit.

In order to achieve the above basic function, the information recording / reproducing section traces (follows) the focused spot along the track on the information storage medium 201. Information is recorded / reproduced / erased by changing the amount of light (intensity) of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201. The recording signal d given from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording with high density and low error rate.

Explanation of the structure of the mechanical portion and the operation of the detecting portion.

<Basic Structure of Optical Head 202 and Signal Detection Circuit><Signal Detection by Optical Head 202>
Basically, it is composed of a semiconductor laser element which is a light source, a photodetector and an objective lens. The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is focused on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by the objective lens. Information storage medium 2
The laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film No. 01 is photoelectrically converted by the photodetector.

The detection current obtained by the photodetector is the amplifier 2
A current-voltage conversion is performed by 13 and becomes a detection signal. This detection signal is the focus / track error detection circuit 21.
7 or the binarization circuit 212.

In general, the photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection regions and individually detects the change in the amount of light applied to each photodetection region. The focus / track error detection circuit 217 calculates the sum / difference of these individual detection signals to detect focus deviation and track deviation.
After the focus shift and the track shift are substantially removed by this detection and the servo operation, the information storage medium 201 is removed.
The signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting the change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film.

<Focus Deviation Detection Method> Examples of methods for optically detecting the amount of focus deviation are as follows: [Astigmatism method] ... Light reflection film or light reflectivity of the information storage medium 201. This is a method of arranging an optical element (not shown) for generating astigmatism in the detection optical path of the laser light reflected by the recording film and detecting the change in shape of the laser light irradiated on the photodetector. The light detection area is divided into four diagonal lines. Focus on each detection signal obtained from each detection area.
In the track error detection circuit 217, the sum of the signals from the diagonal detection areas is calculated and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the focus error detection signal.

[Knife edge method] ... Information storage medium 201
This is a method of disposing a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of the laser light reflected by. The light detection region is divided into two, and the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection region is taken to obtain the focus error detection signal.

Generally, either the astigmatism method or the knife edge method is adopted.

<Track Deviation Detection Method> The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 has spiral or concentric tracks, and information is recorded on the tracks. Information is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing a focused spot along this track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

The following methods are generally used as track deviation detection methods: [Differential Phase Detection method]
Detects a change in the intensity distribution on the photodetector of the laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, the sum of the signals from the diagonal detection areas is calculated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217, and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Push-Pull Method] ... Information Storage Medium 1201 The intensity distribution change of the reflected laser light on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into two, and the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area is taken to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Twin-Spot method] ... A diffraction element or the like is arranged in a light transmitting system between the semiconductor laser element and the information storage medium 201 to divide the light into a plurality of wavefronts and irradiate the information storage medium 201. The change in the reflected light amount of the ± first-order diffracted light is detected. Separately from the light detection area for reproducing signal detection, a light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light quantity of the + 1st order diffracted light and the reflected light quantity of the −1st order diffracted light is arranged, and the difference between the respective detected signals is taken to detect the track error detection signal. To get

<Objective Lens Actuator Structure> The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is used as the information storage medium 20.
The objective lens (not shown) for converging light on the first lens 2 is set in accordance with the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.
It has a structure that can be moved in the axial direction. There are the following two moving directions of the objective lens. In other words, it is a direction in which the information storage medium 201 moves in the vertical direction for the focus shift correction, and the information storage medium 201 moves in the radial direction for the track shift correction.

The moving mechanism (not shown) of the objective lens is called an objective lens actuator. For example, the following is often used for the objective lens actuator structure: [Shaft sliding method] ... A method in which a blade integrated with the objective lens moves along the central axis (shaft), and the blade moves to the central axis. Move in the direction along to perform defocus correction,
This is a method of performing track deviation correction by the rotational movement of the blade with respect to the central axis.

[Four-wire system] ... A blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires,
This is a method of moving the blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of the wire.

Each of the above-mentioned methods has a structure having a permanent magnet and a coil, and moving the blade by passing an electric current through the coil connected to the blade.

<Rotation Control System of Information Storage Medium 201> The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the rotary table 221 which is rotated by the driving force of the spindle motor 204.

The number of rotations of the information storage medium 10 is detected by the reproduction signal obtained from the information storage medium 201. That is, the detection signal (analog signal) output from the amplifier 213 is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 212, and the PLL circuit 211 generates a constant period signal (reference clock signal) from this signal. The information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 detects the number of rotations of the information storage medium 201 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of revolutions of the information storage medium corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the information storage medium 201 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. When the reproduction position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 220 refers to the semiconductor memory 219 information to set the target rotation speed of the information storage medium 201, and notifies the spindle motor drive circuit 215 of the value.

In the spindle motor drive circuit 215, the difference between this target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is obtained, and the drive current corresponding to the result is obtained. The control is performed so that the rotation speed of the spindle motor 204 becomes constant. The output signal of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the information storage medium 201, and the spindle motor drive circuit 21.
At 5, control (frequency control and phase control) is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of the pulse signal.

<Optical Head Moving Mechanism> This mechanism has an optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 for moving the optical head 202 in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201.

A bar-shaped guide shaft is often used as a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 202.
In this guide mechanism, this guide shaft and the optical head 2
The optical head 202 is moved by utilizing the friction between the bushes attached to a part of 02. In addition, there is also a method of using a bearing whose frictional force is reduced by using rotary motion.

Although the driving force transmission method for moving the optical head 202 is not shown, a rotary motor having a pinion (rotary gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshed with the pinion, is driven by a light. It is arranged on the side surface of the head 202 to convert the rotary motion of the rotary motor into the linear motion of the optical head 202. As another driving force transmission method, there may be used a linear motor method in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and an electric current is passed through a coil arranged in the optical head 202 to move the coil in a linear direction.

In both the rotary motor and the linear motor, basically, a current is passed through the feed motor to cause the optical head 20 to move.
2 Drive force for movement is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216.

<Functions of Each Control Circuit><Condensed Spot Trace Control> In order to perform focus deviation correction or track deviation correction, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 outputs a signal (detection signal) in the optical head 202. A circuit that supplies a drive current to an objective lens actuator (not shown) is an objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. This drive circuit 218
Has a phase compensating circuit for improving the characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator in order to make the objective lens move at a high speed in a high frequency range.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Then, according to a command from the control unit 220, (a) ON / OFF processing of the focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop); and (b) the objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the information storage medium 201. And (c) using the kick pulse, move the objective lens slightly in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 (a direction that crosses the track) to collect light. Processing for moving the spot to the adjacent track is performed.

<Laser Light Amount Control><Reproduction and Recording / Erase Switching Process> Reproduction and recording / erasing are switched by changing the light amount of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201.

For an information storage medium using the phase change system, the following relationship is generally established: [amount of light during recording]> [amount of light during erasing]> [amount of light during reproduction] (1) An information storage medium using a magnetic system generally has a relationship of [amount of light during recording] [amount of light during erasing]> [amount of light during reproduction] (2). In the case of the magneto-optical method, the recording / erasing process is controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the information storage medium 201 during recording / erasing.

At the time of reproducing information, the information storage medium 201 is continuously irradiated with a constant amount of light.

When recording new information, the pulsed intermittent light quantity is added to the light quantity at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser device emits a pulsed light with a large amount of light, the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201 locally causes an optical change or a shape change, and a recording mark is formed. In the case of overwriting on the already-recorded area, the semiconductor laser element is similarly pulsed.

When erasing the already recorded information, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated. In the case of continuously erasing information, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and information is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. As a result, the track number and address of the track to be erased intermittently are reproduced, and the erase process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erase track.

<Laser Emission Control> Although not shown, the optical head 202 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the amount of light emitted from the semiconductor laser element. In the laser drive circuit 205, the photodetector output (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 2
The difference from the light emission reference signal given by 06 is taken, and the drive current to the semiconductor laser is feedback-controlled based on the result.

<Operations related to control system of mechanical part><Startupcontrol> When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the rotary table 221, and startup control is started, the processing according to the following procedure is performed. Be seen.

(1) The target rotation speed is transmitted from the control unit 220 to the spindle motor drive circuit 215, a drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 215 to the spindle motor 204, and the spindle motor 204 starts rotating.

(2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control unit 220 to the feed motor drive circuit 216, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 203. The optical head 202 moves to the innermost position of the information storage medium 10.
As a result, it is confirmed that the optical head 202 has reached the inner peripheral portion beyond the area of the information storage medium 201 where the information is recorded.

(3) When the spindle motor 204 reaches the target rotation speed, the status (status report) is sent to the control unit 220.

(4) Current is supplied from the semiconductor laser drive circuit 205 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 202 in accordance with the reproduction light amount signal sent from the control section 220 to the recording / reproduction / erasure control waveform generation circuit 206. , Laser emission starts.

Information storage medium (optical disk) 201
The optimum irradiation light amount during reproduction differs depending on the type. At the time of startup, the value of the current supplied to the semiconductor laser element is set to a value corresponding to the lowest value of the irradiation light amount.

(5) In accordance with a command from the control unit 220, the objective lens (not shown) in the optical head 202 is moved to the position farthest from the information storage medium 201, and the objective lens is slowly brought close to the information storage medium 201. The objective lens actuator driving circuit 218 controls the objective lens.

(6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 monitors the amount of defocus, and when the objective lens comes near the in-focus position, the status is issued and "the objective lens comes near the in-focus position". This is notified to the control unit 220.

(7) Upon receiving the notification, the control section 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the focus loop.

(8) The control unit 220 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 216 while keeping the focus loop on, so that the optical head 202 is slowly moved to the information storage medium 20.
1 is moved toward the outer peripheral portion.

(9) At the same time, the reproduction signal from the optical head 202 is monitored so that the optical head 202 can detect the information storage medium 201.
When the recording area reaches the upper recording area, the movement of the optical head 202 is stopped and a command for turning on the track loop is issued to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.

(10) Subsequently, the "optimal light amount during reproduction" and the "optimal light amount during recording / erasing" recorded in the inner peripheral portion of the information storage medium 201 are reproduced, and the information is reproduced by the control unit 2.
It is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 via 20.

(11) Further, the control section 220 sends a signal corresponding to the "optimum light amount at the time of reproduction" to the recording / reproduction / erasure control waveform generation circuit 206 to reset the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction. To do.

(12) Then, the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set in accordance with the "optimum amount of light at the time of recording / erasing" recorded in the information storage medium 201.

<Access Control> Information on where on the reproduction information storage medium 201 the access destination information recorded on the information storage medium 201 is recorded and what kind of contents it has is stored in the information storage medium 201. It depends on the type. For example, in a DVD disc, this information is recorded in a directory management area or a navigation pack in the information storage medium 201.

Here, the directory management area is usually recorded collectively in the inner peripheral area or the outer peripheral area of the information storage medium 201. Also, the navigation pack is
Included in a data unit called VOBU (video object unit) in VOBS (video object set) that conforms to the PS (program stream) data structure of MPEG2, and records information about where the next video is recorded. is doing.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / erase specific information, the information in the above area is first reproduced, and the access destination is determined from the information obtained there.

<Coarse Access Control> The control unit 220 calculates the radial position of the access destination and calculates the current optical head 202.
Determine the distance to the position.

The speed curve information that can reach the optical head 202 with respect to the moving distance in the shortest time is stored in advance in the semiconductor memory 21.
It is recorded in 9. The control unit 220 reads the information and follows the velocity curve according to the following method.
02 movement control is performed.

That is, after the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 21
6 is controlled to start the movement of the optical head 202.

When the focused spot crosses a track on the information storage medium 201, a track error detection signal is generated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217. The relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the information storage medium 201 can be detected using this track error detection signal.

The feed motor drive circuit 216 computes the difference between the relative velocity of the focused spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 and the target velocity information sent from the control unit 220 one by one, and the result is used to calculate the optical head. The optical head 202 is moved while performing feedback control on the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 203.

As described in the above section <Optical head moving mechanism>, a frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or the bearing. Dynamic friction works when the optical head 202 is moving at high speed, but static friction works because the moving speed of the optical head 202 is slow at the start and immediately before the stop. When this static friction works (especially immediately before stopping), the frictional force is relatively increasing. In order to cope with this increase in frictional force, the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 20
So that the current supplied to the controller 3 becomes large.
Command to increase the gain of the control system.

<Dense Access Control> When the optical head 202 reaches the target position, the controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the information storage medium 201.

The current focus spot position is calculated from the address or track number there, the error track number from the target position to be reached is calculated in the control unit 220, and the number of tracks required to move the focus spot is determined by the objective lens actuator. The drive circuit 218 is notified.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
When a set of kick pulses is generated inside, the objective lens moves slightly in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201, and the focused spot moves to the adjacent track.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Inside, the track loop is temporarily turned off, and the control unit 2
After the kick pulse is generated the number of times according to the information from 20, the track loop is turned on again.

After the end of the dense access, the control unit 220 reproduces the information (address or track number) of the position traced by the focused spot, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

<Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control> The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 216. At the time of "start control" and "access control", the control unit 220 controls the feed motor drive circuit 216 so that the track error detection signal is not used.

After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by the access, a part of the track error detection signal is sent via the motor drive circuit 216 by the command from the control unit 220. It is supplied as a drive current to the motor 203. This control is continued during the period during which the reproducing or recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the information storage medium 201 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly deviated from the center position of the rotary table 221. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 202 slightly moves according to the eccentricity.

When the reproducing or recording / erasing process is continuously performed for a long time, the focused spot position gradually moves in the outer peripheral direction or the inner peripheral direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203, the optical head 20 is adjusted accordingly.
2 gradually moves in the outer peripheral direction or the inner peripheral direction.

By thus reducing the burden of correcting the track deviation of the objective lens actuator, the track loop can be stabilized.

<End Control> When a series of processing is completed and the operation is ended, the processing is performed according to the following procedure.

(1) The control section 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop.

(2) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the focus loop.

(3) The control unit 220 issues a command to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206 to stop the emission of the semiconductor laser device.

(4) The spindle motor drive circuit 215 is notified of 0 as the reference rotation speed.

<Flow of recording signal / reproduction signal to information storage medium><Signal flow at reproduction><Binarization / PLL circuit> As described in the above section <Signal detection by optical head 202>. A signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflection film or the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201. The signal obtained by the amplifier 213 has an analog waveform. The binarization circuit 212 uses a comparator to convert the analog signal into a binary digital signal composed of "1" and "0".

From the reproduction signal thus obtained by the binarization circuit 212, the PLL circuit 211 extracts the reference signal for information reproduction. That is, the PLL circuit 211 has a built-in frequency variable oscillator, and the pulse signal (reference clock) output from this oscillator and the binarization circuit 21.
Frequency and phase comparisons are made between the two output signals. By feeding back this comparison result to the oscillator output, the reference signal at the time of information reproduction is taken out.

<Signal Demodulation> The demodulation circuit 210 contains a conversion table showing the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The demodulation circuit 210 includes the PLL circuit 21.
The input signal (modulated signal) is returned to the original signal (demodulated signal) while referring to the conversion table according to the reference clock obtained in 1. The demodulated signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

<Error Correction Processing> Error correction circuit 209
In the inside, the error location is detected for the signal stored in the semiconductor memory 219 by using the inner code PI and the outer code PO, and a pointer flag of the error location is set. After that, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 219, the signal at the error position is sequentially corrected according to the error pointer flag, and then the corrected information is recorded again in the semiconductor memory 219.

When the information reproduced from the information storage medium 201 is output to the outside as a reproduction signal c, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed from the error-corrected information recorded in the semiconductor memory 219, and the bus line 224 is removed. Data to the data I / O interface 222. The data I / O interface 222 outputs the signal sent from the error correction circuit 209 as the reproduction signal c.

<Signal Format Recorded on Information Storage Medium 201> The signal recorded on the information storage medium 201 is required to satisfy the following: (a) On the information storage medium 201 Of the recorded information error caused by the defect of (b) to make the reproduction processing circuit simple by setting the direct current component of the reproduced signal to "0"; (c) for the information storage medium 201 Record information as densely as possible.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) "adds an error correction function".
And “signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of signal) for recorded information”.

<Signal Flow During Recording><Error Correction Code ECC Addition Processing> The error correction code ECC addition processing will be described. Information storage medium 201
The information d desired to be recorded in is input to the data I / O interface 222 in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d
Are recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 as they are. After that, the following ECC addition processing is executed in the ECC encoder 208.

A specific example of the ECC adding method using the product code will be described below.

The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 219 as
One line is arranged for every 172 bytes, and 1 line is formed for 192 lines.
A set of ECC blocks (172 byte rows x 192)
The amount of information in a byte string is about 32 kbytes). 1 for the raw signal (recording signal d) in one set of ECC blocks composed of “172 byte rows × 192 byte columns”
An inner code PI of 10 bytes is calculated for each row of 72 bytes and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219. Further, the 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

Then, 12 lines (12 × (172 + 10) bytes) including the 10-byte inner code PI and the outer code P are included.
One line of O (1 x (172 + 10) bytes) total 23
The information to which the error correction code ECC addition process is performed is recorded in one sector of the information storage medium 10 in units of 66 bytes (= (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed, the ECC encoder 208 temporarily transfers the information to the semiconductor memory 219. When information is recorded on the information storage medium 201, a signal of 2366 bytes for one sector is transferred from the semiconductor memory 219 to the modulation circuit 207.

<Signal Modulation> The DC component of the reproduced signal (DS
V: Digital Sum Value or Digital Sum Variati
On) is brought close to “0”, and in order to record information at high density on the information storage medium 201, signal modulation which is conversion of the signal format is performed in the modulation circuit 207. Each of the modulation circuit 207 and the demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table showing the relationship between the original signal and the modulated signal.

The modulation circuit 207 has the ECC encoder 20.
The signal transferred from No. 8 is divided into a plurality of bits according to a predetermined modulation method, and is converted into another signal (code) with reference to the conversion table. For example, when 8/16 modulation (RLL (2,10) code) is used as the modulation method, there are two types of conversion tables, and the DC component (DSV) after modulation is close to 0 for reference. Switching the conversion table.

<Generation of Recording Waveform> When recording a recording mark on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, generally,
The following recording methods are adopted: [Mark length recording method] "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of the recording mark.

[Inter-Mark Recording Method] The center position of the recording mark coincides with the position of "1".

When the mark length recording is adopted, it is necessary to form a relatively long recording mark. In this case, when the information storage medium 10 is continuously irradiated with a large amount of light for recording for a certain period or longer, the width of only the rear portion of the mark is widened due to the heat storage effect of the light-reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201, and the "raindrop" shape recording is performed. Marks are formed. To eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, measures such as dividing the recording laser drive signal into a plurality of recording pulses or changing the recording waveform of the recording laser in a stepwise manner are taken. Is taken.

Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206
Inside, a recording waveform as described above is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 207, and a driving signal having this recording waveform is sent to the semiconductor laser driving circuit 205.

Next, the flow of signals between blocks in the recording / reproducing apparatus will be summarized.

1) Input of Raw Signal to be Recorded to Information Recording / Reproducing Apparatus Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk) 20 in Information Recording / Reproducing Apparatus
1 illustrates an internal configuration of an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) in which parts related to the information recording process and the reproducing process for 1 are put together. PC (personal computer) and EW
The recording signal d sent from the host computer such as S (engineering workstation) is the data I
It is input into the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 via the / O interface 222.

2) Division processing of recording signal d for every 2048 bytes In the data I / O interface 222, the recording signal d is divided in time series for every 2048 bytes, and the data ID 51
After adding 0 or the like, scramble processing is performed. The resulting signal is sent to ECC encoder 208.

3) Creation of ECC block In the ECC encoder 208, 16 sets of signals obtained by scrambling the recording signal are collected to create a block of "172 bytes × 192 columns", and then the inner code PI (internal code PI Parity code) and outer code PO (external parity code)
Is added.

4) Interleave processing The ECC encoder 208 then performs interleave processing on the outer code PO.

5) Signal Modulation Processing The modulation circuit 207 modulates the signal after the interleaving of the outer outer code PO, and then adds the synchronization code.

6) Recording Waveform Creating Process A recording waveform is created by the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206 corresponding to the signal obtained as a result, and this recording waveform is sent to the laser driving circuit 205.

Information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk)
Since the method of “mark length recording” is adopted in 201, the rising timing of the recording pulse and the falling timing of the recording pulse coincide with the timing of “1” of the modulated signal.

7) Recording processing on the information storage medium (optical disc) 10 The amount of laser light emitted from the optical head 202 and focused on the recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is intermittently changed and information is recorded. A recording mark is formed on the recording film of the storage medium (optical disk) 201.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a logical block number setting operation for a DVD-RAM disk or the like. Description will be made with reference to FIG.

When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221 (step ST13)
1), the control unit 220 starts the rotation of the spindle motor 204 (step ST132).

After the rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, the laser emission of the optical head 202 is started (step ST133), and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST134).

After the laser emission, the controller 220 actuates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the lead-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disk) 201 (step ST135). And optical head 2
The track servo loop of the objective lens in 02 is turned on (step ST136).

When the track servo becomes active, the optical head 202 moves to the Le of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
The information of the Control data Zone 655 (see FIG. 9 described later) in the ad-in Area 607 is reproduced (step ST13).
7). Book type an in this Control data Zone 655
A medium (DVD-RAM disc or DVD-R disc) that can be recorded on the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 currently rotationally driven by reproducing d Part version 671.
Disc is confirmed (step ST13)
8). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disc.

Information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is DV
If it is confirmed that the disc is a D-RAM disc,
From the Control data Zone 655, information on the optimum light amount (emission power of semiconductor laser and emission period or duty ratio, etc.) at the time of reproduction / recording / erasing is reproduced (step S
T139).

Subsequently, the control unit 220 creates a conversion table (see FIG. 11 described later) between the physical sector number and the logical sector number, assuming that the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotationally driven has no defect. Step ST140).

After the conversion table is created, the control unit 22
0 is the lead-in A of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
Defect management area in rea 607 DMA1 / DMA2 663
Defect management area DM in the lead and lead-out area 609
The A3 / DMA4 691 is reproduced and the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 at that time is investigated (step ST141).

When the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is found by the defect distribution inspection, the control unit 220
Corrects the conversion table created as "no defect" in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution (step ST142). Specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each portion of the sectors found to be defective.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a defect processing operation (processing on the drive side) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like. The flowchart of FIG. 5 will be described below with reference to FIG.

First, for example, to the MPU in the control unit 220, the head logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded in the medium (eg, DVD-RAM disk) 201 currently loaded in the drive and the file size of the recording information are designated. Yes (step ST151).

Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the head logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the designated head logical block number LBN (step ST1).
52). First logical sector number LSN calculated in this way
The write logical sector number to be written in the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is determined from the designated file size.

Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 is the DVD-RA.
The recording information file is written to the designated address of the M disc 201, and the defect on the disc 201 is investigated (step ST153).

If no defect is detected during the writing of the file, it means that the recording information file is recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any abnormality (that is, no error occurs), and the recording process is completed normally. Yes (step ST15
5).

On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, linear replacement process (Line
ar Replacement Algorithm) is executed (step ST156).

After this replacement processing, the newly detected defect is DMA1 / DMA2 of the Lead-in Area 607 of the disk.
663 and Lead-out Area 609 DMA3 / DMA
It is additionally registered in 4691 (see FIGS. 9 and 10 described later) (step ST157). DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
After additional registration of 3 / DMA4 691, this DMA1 / DM
Based on the registered contents of A2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691, the contents of the conversion table created in step ST140 of FIG. 4 are modified (step ST158).

FIG. 6 shows the relationship among the application, file system, and ODD necessary for explaining the embodiment of the present invention.

The information recording / reproducing apparatus (ODD: Optica) shown in FIG.
l Disk Drive 3 is the same as the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 of the PC system (described later).

The programs for both the File System 2 and the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 shown in FIG. 6 are normally stored in the HDD 121 in the PC system, and the File System 2 is used when the personal computer system 110 is started. Transferred to the main memory 112, and recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) when using the recording / playback application software program
1 program is transferred to the main memory 112. In addition, information processing and information
The department in charge of recording and playing information is the recording / playback application.
Software (hereinafter referred to as recording / playback application) 1 layer
-, File System 2 layer, off
Optical Disk Drive; O
DD) 3 layers and control layer are divided. That
The interface between each layer
Is defined. Also, the ads handled in each layer
The reply is also different. That is, the recording / playback application 1 acquires the AVAddress.
File System 2 is a logical session based on AV Address.
Parameter number (LSN) or logical block number (LBN).
ODD3 handles logical sector number (LSN), logical block
Handle physical sector number (PSN) based on the serial number (LBN)
It has become.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a personal computer system using the information reproducing apparatus.

A ... Explanation of the internal structure of a general personal computer system 110.

A-1 ... Explanation of data / address line directly connected to main CPU.

The main CPU 111 in the personal computer 110 has a memory data line 114 for directly inputting / outputting information to / from the main memory 112 and a memory address line 113 for designating an address of information recorded in the main memory 112. Have, main memory 11
Main CPU 1 according to the program loaded in 2
The execution process of 11 proceeds. Further, the main CPU 111 is I /
Information is transferred to various controllers through the O data line 146, and the information transfer destination controller and the information content to be transferred are specified by the address designation of the I / O address line 145.

A-2 ... Explanation of CRT display control and keyboard control.

The LCD controller 115 for controlling the display contents of the CRT display 116 exchanges information with the main CPU 111 via the memory data line 114. To achieve higher resolution and rich expression colors, C
Video RA as a memory dedicated to the RT display 116
It is equipped with M117. The LCD controller 115 is connected to the main memory 11 via the memory data line 114.
It is also possible to directly input information from 2 and display it on the CRT display 116.

The numeric keypad information input from the keyboard 119 is converted by the keyboard controller 118 and I
Main CPU 111 via the / O data line 146
Entered in.

A-3 ... Explanation of control system of built-in HDD / information reproducing apparatus.

The HDD 121 and the CD-ROM drive / DVD- built in the personal computer 110.
An IDE interface is often used for the optical information reproducing device 122 such as a ROM drive. HDD
121 or reproduction information from the information reproduction device 122, or H
The recorded information to the DD 121 is the IDE controller 120.
Via the I / O data line 146.

Especially when the HDD 121 is used as a boot disk, the personal computer system 11
At startup, the main CPU 111 accesses the HDD 121, and necessary information is transferred to the main memory 112.

A-4 ... Explanation of external serial / parallel interface.

Personal computer system 110
A serial line and a parallel line are prepared for information transfer with external devices.

The parallel I / F controller 123 for controlling a parallel line represented by "Centro" is used, for example, when directly driving the printer 124 or the scanner 125 without going through a network. Scanner 1
The information transferred from 25 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the parallel I / F controller 123. The information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is transferred to the printer 124 via the parallel I / F controller 123.

For example, the information in the video RAM 117 displayed on the CRT display 116 and the main memory 1
When the specific information in 12 is printed out, after the information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the main CPU 111, the parallel I / F controller 1
The protocol is converted in 23 and output to the printer 124.

Regarding the serial information output to the outside, the information transferred by the I / O data line 146 is protocol-converted by the serial I / F controller 130 and output as, for example, an RS-232C signal e.

A-5 ... Explanation of bus lines for function expansion.

Personal computer system 110
Has various bus lines for function expansion. Desktop personal computers often have a PCI bus 133 and an EISA bus 126 as bus lines. Each bus line is connected to the I / O data line 146 and the I / O address line 1 via the PCI bus controller 143 or the EISA bus controller 144.
It is connected to 45. Various boards connected to the bus line are dedicated boards for EISA bus 126 and PCI bus 13.
Divided into 3 dedicated boards. Relatively PCI bus 133
In the figure, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is large because the B. is suitable for high-speed transfer. However, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is not limited to this.
It is also possible to connect the AN board 139 and the SCSI board 138 to the EISA bus 126.

A-6: Outlined function description of various boards connected to the bus line.

Sound Blaster Board 127: The sound signal input from the microphone 128 is converted into digital information by the Sound Blaster Board 127, and EISA
The main memory 112, the HDD 121, and the information recording / reproducing device 14 via the bus 126 and the I / O data line 146.
It is input to 0 and processed. If you want to listen to music or voice, the HDD 121, 141 or the information reproducing device 122,
When the user specifies the file name recorded in the information recording / reproducing device 140, the digital sound source signal is I / O
It is transferred to the sound blaster board 127 via the O data line 146 and the EISA bus 126, converted into an analog signal, and then output from the speaker 129.

Dedicated DSP 137: When it is desired to execute a certain special processing at high speed, the dedicated DSP 137 board for the processing can be connected to the bus line.

SCSI interface: A SCSI interface is often used for inputting / outputting information from / to an external storage device. Information input / output to / from an external storage device such as an information backup MT (magnetic tape) 142, an external stationary HDD 141, and an information recording / reproducing device 140.
The CSI format information is transferred to the PCI bus 133 or EI.
Protocol conversion for transfer to the SA bus 126 and transfer information format conversion are executed within the SCSI board 138.

Information-decompression / decompression-dedicated board: multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images is compressed into HD.
It is recorded in the D 121, 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140 (information reproducing device 122). The information recorded in the HDDs 121 and 141, the information recording / reproducing device 140, and the information reproducing device 122 is expanded and displayed on the CRT display 116, and the speaker 129 is driven. Also microphone 12
HDD1 by compressing information such as audio signals input from
21 and 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140.

Various dedicated boards are responsible for the compression / expansion function of this information. Audio / video signals are compressed / decompressed by the audio encoding / decoding board 136, moving images (video images) are compressed / decompressed by the MPEG board 134, and still images are compressed / decompressed by the JPEG board 135. There is.

B ... Explanation of connection of personal computer to external network.

B-1 ... Explanation of network connection using telephone line.

When it is desired to transfer information to the outside via the telephone line f, the modem 131 is used. That is, although not shown in the figure for making a telephone connection to a desired destination, NCU (Networ
k Control Unit) transmits the destination telephone number to the telephone exchange through the telephone line f. When the telephone line is connected,
The serial I / F controller 130 performs transfer information format conversion and protocol conversion on the information on the I / O data line 146, and the resulting RS-232C digital signal is converted into an analog signal by the modem 131. It is transferred to the telephone line f.

B-2 ... Explanation of network connection using IEEE 1394.

If multimedia information such as voice, still image, and moving image is transferred to an external device (not shown), I
The EEE1394 interface is suitable.

If the necessary information cannot be sent for a moving image or voice within a fixed time, the motion of the image becomes jerky or the voice is interrupted. IEEE13 to solve the problem
In 94, isochronous data transfer is completed every 125 μs
The ous transfer method is adopted. IEEE 1394 also allows a mixture of this isochronous transfer and normal asynchronous transfer, but the maximum asynchronous transfer time for one cycle is 63.5μ.
s and the upper limit is determined. This is because if this asynchronous transfer time is too long, isochronous transfer cannot be guaranteed. In IEEE1394, SCSI commands (instruction set) can be used as they are.

The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 performs processing such as information format conversion for isochronous transfer, protocol conversion, and automatic topology setting such as node setting on the information transmitted through the PCI bus 133.

As described above, not only the information held in the personal computer system 110 is transferred to the outside as the IEEE1394 signal g, but also the IEEE1394 signal g sent from the outside is converted and transferred to the PCI bus 133. The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 also has a function.

B-3 ... Explanation of network connection using LAN.

Although not shown, a LAN cable is used as a medium for inputting and outputting a LAN signal h for local area information communication in a company, a government office, a school, or a specific area.

[0179] As a communication protocol using LAN, T
CP / IP, NetBEUI, and the like exist, and have a unique data packet structure (information format structure) according to various protocols. The LAN board 139 performs information format conversion for information transferred on the PCI bus 133 and communication procedure processing with the outside according to various protocols.
Do.

As an example, a procedure and an information transfer path when converting specific file information recorded in the HDD 121 into a LAN signal h and transferring the same to an external personal computer, EWS, or network server (not shown) explain. IDE controller 12
The file directory recorded in the HDD 121 is output under the control of 0, and the resulting file list is recorded in the main memory 112 by the main CPU 111 and displayed on the CRT display 116. When the user inputs the file name to be transferred by the keyboard 119, the content is recognized by the main CPU 111 via the keyboard controller 118. Main CPU1
When 11 notifies the IDE controller 120 of the file name to be transferred, the HDD determines the internal information recording location and accesses it, and the reproduction information is transferred to the IDE controller 120.
Via the I / O data line 146. I
After the file information is input to the PCI bus controller 143 from the / O data line 146, the PCI bus 13
3 is transferred to the LAN board 139. LAN
The board 139 establishes a session with the transfer destination by a series of communication procedures, then inputs file information from the PCI bus 133, converts it into a data packet structure according to the transmission protocol, and transfers it as a LAN signal h to the outside.

C ... Information reproducing apparatus or information storing / reproducing apparatus
Information transfer from (optical disk device).

C-1. Standard interface and information transfer path description.

The information reproducing device 122, which is a reproduction-only optical disk device such as a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, or a DVD.
-When the information recording / reproducing device 140, which is a recordable / reproducible optical disk such as RAM, PD, MO, etc., is used by incorporating it in the personal computer system 110, "IDE" and "SCSI" are used as standard interfaces.
There are "IEEE1394" and the like.

Generally, the PCI bus controller 14
3 and EISA bus controller 144 are internally DMA
have. Main CPU 111 controlled by DMA
Information can be directly transferred between each block without intervening.

For example, if the information of the information recording / reproducing device 140 is M
When transferring to the PEG board 134 Main CPU 111
The process from 1 is given a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143, and the information transfer management is left to the DMA in the PCI bus controller. As a result, during the actual information transfer, the main CPU can execute other processing in parallel without being disturbed by the information transfer processing.

Similarly, when the information recorded in the information reproducing device 122 is transferred to the HDD 141, the main CPU
111 is a PCI bus controller 143 or IDE
Sending a transfer command to the controller 120 allows DM in the PCI bus controller 143 to manage subsequent transfer processing.
It is left to the DMA in the A or IDE controller 120.

C-2 ... Explanation of authentication function.

As described above, the information transfer processing relating to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 or the information reproducing apparatus 122 is performed as described above.
The DMA in the CI bus controller 143, the DMA in the EISA bus controller 144, or the DMA in the IDE controller 120 manages, but the actual transfer processing itself is the authentication that the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 has ( authentication) The functional unit is actually performing the transfer process.

DVD video, DVD-ROM, DVD-
In DVD systems such as R, video and audio bit streams are recorded in the MPEG2 Program stream format, and audio streams, video streams, sub-picture streams, private streams, and the like are recorded in a mixed manner. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 separates and extracts an audio stream, a video stream, a sub-picture stream, a private stream, etc. from a program stream (Program stream) at the time of reproducing information, and directly outputs audio through the PCI bus 133 without interposing the main CPU 111. The data is transferred to the encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134 or the JPEG board 135.

Similarly, the information reproducing apparatus 122 also separates and extracts a program stream (Program stream) reproduced from the information reproducing apparatus 122 into various stream information, and the individual stream information is passed through the I / O data line 146 and the PCI bus 133. Directly (without interposing the main CPU 111)
Speech encoding / decoding board 136, MPEG board 134
Alternatively, it is transferred to the JPEG board 135.

Information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 and information reproducing apparatus 1
Similarly to the voice coding / decoding unit 22, the voice coding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 itself has an authentication function internally. Prior to the information transfer, the information recording / reproducing device 140, the information reproducing device 122, the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG are transmitted via the PCI bus 133 (and the I / O data line 146).
The board 134 and the JPEG board 135 mutually authenticate each other. When the mutual authentication is completed, the video stream information reproduced by the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 is transferred only to the MPEG board 134. Similarly, the audio stream information is the audio encoding / decoding board 13
6 only. Still image stream is JPEG
The private stream and text information are sent to the board 135 and the main CPU 111.

Next, in describing specific examples of the present invention, examples will be described in which a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium and UDF is used as a file system.

Before describing specific examples of the present invention, a DVD-RAM disk on the premise will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the layout of the outline recording contents in the DVD-RAM disc.

That is, Lead-in A on the inner circumference side of the disc
The rea 607 is an embossed data zone 611 having an uneven light-reflecting surface, a mirror zone 612 having a flat surface (mirror surface), and a rewritable data zone (rewritable data zone) that is rewritable.
ta Zone) 613. Embossed data Zone611
Includes a reference signal zone 653 representing a reference signal and a control data zone 655 as shown in FIG.
ne 612 includes Connection Zone 657.

The Rewritable data Zone 613 includes a disk test zone 658, a drive test zone 660, and a disk I.
Disc identification zone with D (identifier)
662, and defect management areas DMA1 and DMA2 6
Contains 63.

Lead-out Area 609 on the outer peripheral side of the disc
Is a defect management area DMA3 and DMA4 691 and a disc identification zone (Disc identification Zone) 69 in which a disc ID (identifier) is shown, as shown in FIG.
2. It consists of Rewritable data Zone 645 which is rewritable including Drive test Zone 694 and Disk test Zone 695.

Lead-in Area 60 and Lead-out Area 6
The Data Area 608 between 09 and 24 is a zone-shaped Zone 0
It is divided into 0 620 ~ Zone 23 643. Each zone (Z
one) has a constant rotation speed, but the rotation speed is different between different zones. Further, the number of sectors forming each zone also differs for each zone. Specifically, Zone 00 620 and the like on the inner circumference side of the disk have a high rotation speed and a small number of constituent sectors. On the other hand, Zone 23 643 on the outer peripheral side of the disk has a slow rotation speed and a large number of constituent sectors. With such a layout, high-speed accessibility like CAV is realized in each zone, and high-density recording like CLV is realized in the entire zone.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the layout of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the detail of Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 609.

Control of Embossed data Zone 611
The data zone 655 is a type of DVD standard (DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, etc.) that is applied.
And type of book and part version
Book type and Part version
671 and Disc size and minimum read-out rate 672 indicating the disc size and minimum read rate
1 layer ROM disc, 1 layer RAM disc, 2 layer R
Disk structure showing the disk structure such as OM disk (Di
sc structure) 673, recording density (Recording density) 674 indicating the recording density, and data location (Data
Area allocation) 675 and a BCA (Burst Cutting Area) descriptor in which the serial number of each information storage medium is recorded in a non-rewritable manner on the inner circumference side of the information storage medium.
r 676, Velocity 677 that indicates the linear velocity condition for specifying the exposure amount at the time of recording, Read power (Read power) 678 that indicates the amount of exposure to the information storage medium at the time of reproduction, for forming recording marks at the time of recording Peak power 679 showing the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium, Bias power 680 showing the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium at the time of erasing, and information about manufacturing the medium 68
2 is recorded.

In other words, this Control data
Zone 655 includes information about the entire information storage medium such as the physical sector numbers that indicate the recording start and recording end positions, and information such as recording power, recording pulse width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity during recording and erasing. , Information regarding recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics, information regarding manufacturing of the information storage medium such as the manufacturing number of each disk, and the like are recorded in advance.

Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area
In the 609 Rewritable data Zone 613 and 645, the unique disc name recording area (Disc identifica
option zone 662, 692) and a test recording area (Drive test Zone 660, 694 for confirming the recording erasing condition).
Disk test Zone 659, 695) and management information recording area (defect management area; DMA1 & DMA2 663, DMA) relating to the defective area in the data area
3 & DMA4 691) is provided. By using these areas, optimum recording can be performed on each disc.

FIG. 11 shows Data in the layout of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the details in Area 608.

The same number of groups (Groups) are assigned to each of the 24 zones, and each group has a User Area 723 used for data recording and a Spa used for replacement processing.
Includes reArea 724 pairs. Also, User Area 7
The 23 and Spare Area 724 pairs are separated by Guard Areas 771 and 772 for each zone. In addition, User Area 723 and Spare Area (Spa
re Area) 724 is contained in the same rotation speed zone, the smaller group number belongs to the high speed rotation zone,
The larger group number belongs to the low speed rotation zone. The group of low-speed rotation zones has more sectors than the group of high-speed rotation zones, but since the rotation radius of the disk is large in the low-speed rotation zone, the physical recording density on the disk 10 is spread over the entire zone (all groups). It becomes almost uniform.

In each group, the User Area 723 is arranged in the smaller sector number (that is, the inner circumference side on the disc), and the Spare Area 724 is arranged in the larger sector number (the outer circumference side on the disc).

Next, a recording signal structure of information recorded on a DVD-RAM disk as an information storage medium and a method of creating the recording signal structure will be described. The content of the information recorded on the medium is called "information", and the structure or expression after scrambling or modulating the same content information, that is, "1" after the signal form is converted.
The connection between the states of "0" to "0" is expressed as "signal", and the two are appropriately distinguished.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of a sector included in the data area portion of FIG.

One sector 501a in FIG. 12 corresponds to one of the sector numbers in FIG. 10, and has a size of 2048 bytes as shown in FIG. Although not shown, each sector has headers 573, 57 pre-recorded on the recording surface of the information storage medium (DVD-RAM disc) by an uneven structure such as embossing.
4, the synchronization code 575, 576 and the modulated signal 577, 578 are alternately included.

Next, E in the DVD-RAM disc
The CC block processing method will be described.

FIG. 13 shows a recording unit (EC of Error Correction Code) of information included in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
It is a figure explaining C unit).

FAT (File Alloca), which is often used in the file system of information storage media (hard disk HDD, magneto-optical disk MO, etc.) for personal computers.
information is recorded on the information storage medium with 256 bytes or 512 bytes as the minimum unit.

On the other hand, CD-ROM and DVD-RO
UDF (Universal Disk Format; details will be described later) is used as a file system in information storage media such as M and DVD-RAM, and here, information is recorded in the information storage medium with 2048 bytes as a minimum unit. This minimum unit is called a sector. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, 2048 bytes of information are recorded for each sector 501 on the information storage medium using the UDF.

In CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs, since a bare disk is used instead of a cartridge, the surface of the information storage medium is easily scratched or dust is easily attached to the surface on the user side. There may occur a case where a specific sector (for example, sector 501c in FIG. 13) cannot be reproduced (or cannot be recorded) due to the influence of dust or scratches on the surface of the information storage medium.

The DVD employs an error correction method (ECC using a product code) in consideration of such a situation. Specifically, 16 sectors each (16 sectors from sector 501a to sector 501p in FIG. 13)
One ECC (Error Correction Code) block 502 is configured by the above, and a strong error correction function is provided therein. As a result, even if an error occurs in the ECC block 502 such that the sector 501c cannot be reproduced, the error is corrected and the ECC block 502 is corrected.
It becomes possible to correctly reproduce all the information of.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between zones and groups (see FIG. 11) within the Data Area 608 of FIG.

Zones in FIG. 8: Zone 00 620 to Zon
e 23 643 is physically arranged on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, and as described in the column of physical sector number 604 in FIG. 8 and in FIG. 14, User Area 00 705 in Data Area 608. The physical sector number (starting physical sector number 701) of the first physical sector of
It is set to h (h: meaning of hexadecimal display). Further, the physical sector number increases toward the outer circumference side 704,
User Area00 705, 01 709, 23 707, SpareArea00
No. 708, 01 709, 23 710, Guard Areas 711, 712, 713 are given consecutive numbers. Therefore, the physical sector numbers are kept continuous across Zones 620 to 643.

On the other hand, User Areas 705, 706, 70
7 and Spare Area 708, 709, 710 pairs
Guard Ar between Groups 714, 715 and 716 respectively
ea 711, 712, 713 are inserted and arranged. Therefore each G
The physical sector numbers across roups 714, 715 and 716 have discontinuities as shown in FIG.

When the DVD-RAM disc having the structure shown in FIG. 14 is used in an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an information recording / reproducing section (physical system block), the optical head 202 is used.
DVD-RAM while passing through Guard Area 711, 712, 713
It is possible to perform a process of switching the rotation speed of the disc. For example, if the optical head 202 is Gr 00
Seek to oup 01 715 and the rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk is switched while passing through Guard Area 711.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the method of setting the logical sector number in the Data Area 608 of FIG. The minimum unit of the logical sector matches the minimum unit of the physical sector,
It is in units of 48 bytes. Each logical sector is assigned to a corresponding physical sector position according to the following rules.

Physically as shown in FIG.
Since the areas 711, 712, and 713 are provided on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, discontinuity occurs in the physical sector numbers across the groups 714, 715, and 716, but the logical sector numbers are the respective group 00 714. , 01 715, 23 716 are set so that they are connected continuously at a position that straddles them. In the arrangement of Groups 00 714, 01 715 to 23 716, the smaller group number (the smaller physical sector number) is the inner circumference side (Lead-in Are) of the DVD-RAM disk.
The one having the larger group number (the one having the larger physical sector number) is arranged on the outer peripheral side (Lead-out Area 609 side) of the DVD-RAM disc.

In this arrangement, if there is no defect on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, each logical sector is assigned to all physical sectors in User Areas 00 705 to 23 707 of FIG. Physical sector number is 03
The logical sector number of the sector at the position of the starting physical sector number 701, which is 1000h, is set to 0h (each in FIG. 11).
(Refer to the column of the logical sector number 774 of the first sector in the group).

As described above, when there is no defect on the recording surface, no logical sector number is set in advance for each sector in Spare Areas 00 708 to 23 710.

Use at the time of certify processing, which is a preliminary defect position detection processing on the recording surface before recording on a DVD-RAM disk, at the time of reproduction, or at the time of recording
r If a defective sector is found in Area 00 705 to 23 707, as a result of the replacement processing, logical sector numbers are set for the corresponding sectors in Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710 by the number of sectors that have undergone replacement processing. .

Next, some methods of processing defects generated in the user area will be described. Before that, the defect management areas (the defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10) necessary for the defect processing and related matters will be described.

[Defect Management Area] Defect management area (DM
A1 to DMA4 663, 691) are composed of 32 sectors, for example, data including information on the structure of the data area and defect management. Two defect management areas (DMA1, DMA
2 663) is the Lead-in Area 60 for DVD-RAM discs.
It is located in 7 other two defect management areas (DMA
3, DMA4 691) is a DVD-RAM disk Lead-
It is located in the out Area 609. Each defect management area (D
After MA1 to DMA4 663 and 691), a spare sector is appropriately added.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
663, 691) is divided into two blocks. The first block of each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) includes a DVD-RAM disc definition information structure (DDS; Disc Definition Structure) and a primary defect list (PDL). Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 6
The second block of 91) contains the secondary defect list (SD
L; Secondary Defect List) is included. 4 of 4 defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691)
The one primary defect list (PDL) has the same content, and the four secondary defect lists (SDL) also have the same content.

Four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA
4 663, 691) basically has the same four definition information structures (DDS), but regarding the pointers to the PDL and SDL of each of the four defect management areas,
Each has its own content.

Here, the DDS / PDL block is the DDS.
And the first block containing the PDL. Also,
The SDL block means a second block including the SDL.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) after the DVD-RAM disk is initialized
Has the following contents: (1) The first sector of each DDS / PDL block is DD
(2) The second sector of each DDS / PDL block is P
Include DL; (3) The first sector of each SDL block contains the SDL.

The block lengths of the primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are determined by the number of respective entries. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
The unused sectors (663, 691) are overwritten with data 0FFh. Also, all spare sectors are overwritten with 00h.

[Disc definition information] Definition information structure DDS
Consists of a table having a length of one sector. This DDS
Has the contents of defining the initialization method of the disk 10 and the start addresses of the PDL and SDL. DDS
Are recorded in the first sector of each defect management area (DMA) when the initialization of the disk 10 is completed.

[Spare Sector] Defective sectors in each Data Area 608 have a predetermined defect management method (verification described later,
The normal sector is replaced (replaced) by slipping replacement, skipping replacement, or linear replacement. The position of the spare sector for this replacement is the Spare Are shown in FIG.
a 00 708 to 23 710 included in the spare area of each group. The physical sector number within each Spare Area is described in the Spare Area 724 column in FIG.

The DVD-RAM disc can be initialized before use, but this initialization can be executed regardless of whether verification is performed.

For defective sectors, slipping replacement processing (
Slipping Replacement Algorithm), Skipping Replacement Algorithm or Linear Replacement Algorithm
m). The total number of entries listed in the PDL and SDL by these processes (Algorithm) is set to a predetermined number, for example, 4092 or less.

[Initialization / Certify] Initialization may be performed before recording user information in the Data Area 608 of the DVD-RAM disc, and the defect status of all the sectors in the Data Area 608 may be inspected (Certify). Many. The defective sectors found in the initialization stage are identified, and the defective sectors in User Area 723 are spared by slipping replacement processing or linear replacement processing according to the number of consecutive defective sectors.
It is interpolated in the spare sector in Area 724. When the spare sectors in the zone of the DVD-RAM disk are used up during the execution of Certify, the DVD-RAM disk is determined to be defective and the DVD-RAM disk is not used thereafter.

Parameters of all definition information structure DDSs are recorded in four DDS sectors. The primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are recorded in four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691). On the first initialization, the update counter in the SDL is set to 00h and all reserved blocks are 00h.
Is overwritten by.

When the disk 10 is used for computer data storage, the above initialization / Certify is performed, but when it is used for video recording, the above initialization / certification is performed.
It is possible to record video suddenly without performing Certify.

FIGS. 16A and 16B are Data Areas of FIG.
Slipping Replace in 608
ment Algorithm).

Immediately after the DVD-RAM disc is manufactured (when no user information is recorded on the disc yet) or when the user information is recorded first (instead of overwriting on the already recorded place) , When the information is first recorded in the unrecorded area), this slipping replacement processing is applied as a defect processing method.

That is, the found defective data sector (for example, m defective sectors 731) is used as a replacement (or replacement) for the first normal sector (user area 723b) following the defective sector (replacement processing 734). .
As a result, slipping (logical sector number backward shift) for m sectors occurs toward the end of the corresponding group. Similarly, if n defective sectors 732 are found after that, the defective sectors are replaced with the succeeding normal sector (user area 723c), and the setting position of the logical sector number is also shifted backward. As a result of the replacement processing, a logical sector number is set in the m + n sector 737 from the beginning in the Spare Area 724, and the area becomes the user information recordable area. As a result, the unused area 726 in the spare area 724 is reduced by m + n sectors.

At this time, the address of the defective sector is written in the primary defect list (PDL), and the defective sector is prohibited from recording user information. If no defective sector is found during Certify, nothing is written to PDL. Similarly, if a defective sector is also found in the recording use area 743 in the Spare Area 724, the address of the spare sector is also written in the PDL.

As a result of the above-mentioned slipping replacement processing, User Areas 723a to 723c and Spare without defective sectors are
The recording use area 743 in the area 724 becomes the information recording use area (logical sector number setting area 735) of the group, and consecutive logical sector numbers are assigned to this area.

FIG. 16C shows the Data Area 608 of FIG.
Skipping replacement processing (Ski
It is a figure explaining a pping replacement algorithm).

The skipping replacement processing is a processing method suitable for defect processing when it is necessary to record user information continuously (seamlessly) without interruption such as video information and audio information. This skipping replacement processing is performed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (1 sector is 2 k
Since it is a byte, it is executed in units of 32 kbytes.

For example, if one defective ECC block 741 is found after the User Area 732a composed of normal ECC blocks, this defective ECC block 741 is detected.
The data that was scheduled to be recorded in the normal User Area immediately after
It is recorded instead of the ECC block of 723b (replacement processing 744). Similarly, k consecutive defective ECC blocks 7
If 42 is found, the data scheduled to be recorded in these defective blocks 742 is the normal User Area immediately after.
Instead, it is recorded in k ECC blocks of 723c.

Thus, when 1 + k defective ECC blocks are found in the user area of the corresponding group, (1
+ K) ECC blocks are shifted into the area of the Spare Area 724, the extension area 743 used for information recording in the Spare Area 724 becomes the user information recordable area, and the logical sector number is set here. As a result Spare Area
The unused area 726 of 724 is reduced by (1 + k) ECC blocks, and the remaining unused area 746 is reduced.

As a result of the above alternation process, the User Areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block and the extended area 743 used for information recording become the information recording use portion (logical sector number setting area) in the group. As a method of setting the logical sector number at this time, the user areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block are large in that they are kept unchanged as the logical sector numbers assigned in advance at the time of initial setting (before the replacement process). There are features.

As a result, the logical sector number previously assigned to each physical sector in the defective ECC block 741 at the time of initialization is moved to the first physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording and set as it is. To be done. Further, the logical sector number assigned at the time of initialization is moved in parallel to each physical sector in the k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742, and the extended area 74 used for information recording is moved.
It is set in each corresponding physical sector in 3.

In this skipping replacement processing method, the DVD
-Even if the RAM disk is not certified in advance, the defective sector found during the user information recording can be replaced immediately.

FIG. 16D shows a linear replacement process (Linear) which is another replacement process in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
It is a figure explaining a Replacement Algorithm).

This linear replacement process is also executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (units of 32 kbytes). In the linear replacement process, the defective ECC block 75
1 is a normal spare block that can be used for the first time in the corresponding group (the first replacement recording position 75 in the Spare Area 724).
3) is replaced (replaced) (replacement processing 758). In the case of this replacement processing, the user information that was supposed to be recorded on the defective ECC block 751 is directly stored in the Spare Area 724.
In addition to being recorded on the alternate recording location 753, the logical sector number setting position is also transferred to the alternate recording location 753 as it is. Similarly, the user information and the logical sector number setting position scheduled to be recorded for the k consecutive defective ECC blocks 752 are moved to the alternate recording position 754 in the spare area 724.

In the case of the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process, the address of the defective block and the address of the final replacement (replacement) block thereof are written in the SDL. When the replacement block in the SDL (secondary defect list) is found to be a defective block later, it is registered in the SDL by using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from that of the defective block to a new one, so that the replaced defective block is registered in the SDL.
The entry for is corrected. When updating the secondary defect list SDL, the update counter in the SDL is incremented by one.

[Write Process] When data is written to a sector of a certain group, the defective sectors listed in the primary defect list (PDL) are skipped. Then, according to the slipping replacement process described above, the data to be written in the defective sector is written in the next data sector. If the block to be written is the secondary defect list (SD
If it is listed in L), the data to be written to that block is written to the spare block designated by the SDL according to the above-described linear replacement processing or skipping replacement processing.

Under the environment of a personal computer, a linear replacement process is used when recording a personal computer file, and a skipping replacement process is used when recording an AV file.

[Primary Defect List; PDL] The Primary Defect List (PDL) is always recorded on the DVD-RAM disc, but its contents may be empty.

The PDL contains the addresses of all defective sectors specified at initialization. These addresses are listed in ascending order. PDL should be recorded with the minimum required number of sectors. Then, the PDL starts from the first user byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of PDL are set to 0FFh.
The following information will be written to this PDL: Byte position PDL content 0000h; PDL identifier 1 01h; PDL identifier 2 Number of addresses in PDL; MSB 3 Number of addresses in PDL; LSB 4 First Address of defective sector (sector number; MSB) 5 Address of first defective sector (sector number) 6 Address of first defective sector (sector number) 7 Address of first defective sector (sector number; LSB) ... x- 3 Address of last defective sector (sector number; MSB) x-2 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x-1 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x Address of last defective sector (sector number; LSB) * Note; When the 2nd and 3rd bytes are set to 00h, the 3rd byte is The end of the DL.

In the case of the primary defect list (PDL) for multiple sectors, the address list of defective sectors is
It follows the first byte of the second and subsequent sectors. That is, the PDL identifier and the number of PDL addresses are
Only present in the first sector.

If PDL is empty, 2nd byte and 3rd byte
Byte set to 00h, 4th to 20th bytes
47 bytes are set to FFh.

FFh is written in the unused sector in the DDS / PDL block.

[Secondary Defect List; SDL] The secondary defect list (SDL) is generated in the initialization stage and used after Certify. SDL is recorded on all disks during initialization.

This SDL includes a plurality of entries in the form of an address of a defective data block and an address of a spare block which replaces this defective block.
Eight bytes are allocated to each entry in the SDL. That is, 4 bytes are allocated to the address of the defective block, and the remaining 4 bytes are allocated to the address of the replacement block.

The address list includes the first addresses of the defective block and its replacement block. The addresses of defective blocks are given in ascending order.

The SDL is recorded with the minimum required number of sectors, and this SDL starts from the first user data byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of SDL are set to 0FFh. Subsequent information is recorded in each of the four SDLs.

When the replacement block listed in the SDL is later found to be a defective block, it is registered in the SDL by using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from that of the defective block to a new one, thereby correcting the SDL entry in which the replaced defective block is registered. At that time, the number of entries in the SDL is not changed by the deteriorated sector.

The following information is written in this SDL: Byte position SDL content 0 (00); SDL identifier 1 (02); SDL identifier 2 (00) 3 (01) 4 Update counter MSB 5 update counter 6 update counter 7 update counter; LSB 8 to 26 spare (00h) 27 to 29 flag indicating that all spare sectors in the zone are used up 30 number of entries in SDL; MSB 31 number of entries in SDL; LSB 32 Address of first defective block (sector number; MSB) 33 Address of first defective block (sector number) 34 Address of first defective block (sector number) 35 Address of first defective block (sector number; LSB) 36 First Replacement block address (sector number; MSB) 37 Address of first replacement block (sector number) 38 Address of first replacement block (sector number) 39 Address of first replacement block (sector number; LSB) ... y-7 Address of last defective block (sector number; MSB) ) Y-6 Address of last defective block (sector number) y-5 Address of last defective block (sector number) y-4 Address of last defective block (sector number; LSB) y-3 Last replacement block Address (sector number; MSB) y-2 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y-1 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y Address of last replacement block (sector number; LSB) * Note; Each entry in the 30th to 31st bytes is 8 bytes long.

In the case of the secondary defect list (SDL) for multi-sectors, the address list of defective blocks and replacement blocks follows the first byte of the second and subsequent sectors. That is, the 0th byte to the 31st byte of the SDL contents exist only in the first sector. FFh is written in the unused sector in the SDL block.

An example of a logical block number setting operation for a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described.

When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221, the control section 220 causes the spindle motor 204 to start rotating.

After the rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, the laser emission of the optical head 202 is started, and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

After the laser emission, the controller 220 actuates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the lead-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disk) 201. Then, the track servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

When the track servo is activated, the optical head 202 moves to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
The information in the Control data Zone 655 in the Lead-in Area 607 is reproduced. Within this Control data Zone 655
By reproducing the Book type and Part version 671, it is confirmed that the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 currently rotationally driven is a recordable medium (DVD-RAM disc or DVD-R disc). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disc.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is DV
If it is confirmed that the disc is a D-RAM disc,
From the Control data Zone 655, information on the optimum light amount (emission power of semiconductor laser and emission period or duty ratio, etc.) at the time of reproduction / recording / erasing is reproduced.

Subsequently, the control unit 220 creates a conversion table between the physical sector number and the logical sector number, assuming that the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotationally driven has no defect.

After the conversion table is created, the control unit 22
0 is a lead-in are of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
defect management area in a 607 DMA1 / DMA2 663
And defect management area DMA in Lead-out Area 609
By reproducing 3 / DMA4 691, the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 at that time is investigated.

When the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is found by the defect distribution inspection, the control unit 220
Modifies the conversion table created in step ST140 as "no defect" according to the actual defect distribution. Specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each portion of the sectors found to be defective.

Next, an example of a defect processing operation (processing on the drive side) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described.
First, for example, with respect to the MPU in the control unit 220, the medium currently loaded in the drive (for example, DVD-RA
The head logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded on the M disc) 201 and the file size of the recording information are designated. Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the head logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the designated head logical block number LBN. The write logical sector number to be written to the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is determined from the head logical sector number LSN thus calculated and the designated file size.

Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 is the DVD-RA.
The recording information file is written to the designated address of the M disc 201, and the defect on the disc 201 is investigated.

If no defect is detected during the writing of the file, it means that the recording information file is recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any error (that is, no error occurs), and the recording process is completed normally. To do.

On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, linear replacement process (Linear
Replacement Algorithm) is executed. After this replacement process, the newly detected defect is the lead-in area of the disc.
a607's DMA1 / DMA2663 and Lead-out A
It is additionally registered in REA 609 DMA3 / DMA4 691. DMA1 / to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
After additional registration of DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691, this DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 /
The contents of the conversion table are corrected based on the registered contents of DMA4 691.

Next, U, which is a type of File System, is described below.
DF will be described Next, in FIGS. 17 to 22, File
UDF, which is a type of System, will be described.

[A-1] ... What is UDF? Universal Disk Format (Universal Disk F
is an abbreviation of "ormat" and mainly indicates "a convention regarding a file management method" in a disc-shaped information storage medium. CD-
ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DVD
-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RAM are "ISO96
The UDF format standardized by 60 "is adopted.

The file management method is basically based on a hierarchical file system that has a root directory as a parent and manages files in a tree structure. Here, the DVD-RAM standard (File
The UDF format conforming to the System Specifications will be described, but most of the content of this description also matches the content of the DVD-ROM standard.

[A-2] ... Outline of UDF [A-2-1] Contents of file information recorded on information storage medium When information is recorded on an information storage medium, a group of information is recorded as "File Data" (File Data). , And records in file data units. A unique file name is added to each file data to distinguish it from other file data. File management and file search become easy by grouping multiple file data having common information content. This group for each multiple file data is defined as “Directory” or “Folder” (Folde
r). A unique directory name (folder name) is added to each directory (folder). Furthermore, collecting the multiple directories (folders),
It can be grouped in a higher-level directory (upper-level folder) as a group of layers above it. Here, file data and directories (folders) are generically called files.

When the information is recorded, all the information regarding * the information content of the file data, * the file name corresponding to the file data, * the storage location of the file data (under which directory is recorded) is the information. Record on a storage medium.

[0285] Also, for each directory (folder), * directory name (folder name), * position to which each directory (folder) belongs (position of its parent upper directory (upper folder)),
All the information regarding the above is also recorded on the information storage medium.

[A-2-2] Information recording format on information storage medium All recording areas on the information storage medium are divided into logical sectors with 2048 bytes as the minimum unit, and logical sector numbers are concatenated to all logical sectors. It is numbered. When recording information on an information storage medium, information is recorded in units of this logical sector. The recording position on the information storage medium is managed by the logical sector number of the logical sector in which this information is recorded.

As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a file structure (File Structure) 486 and file data (File Structure) 486
The logical sector in which the information regarding Data) 487 is recorded is also called a “logical block”, and the logical sector number (L
A logical block number (LBN) is set in association with SN). (The length of the logical block is 2
It is 048 Bytes. ) [A-2-3] Example of Simplified Hierarchical File System Example of Simplified Hierarchical File System FIG.
It shows in (a).

UNIX (registered trademark), MacOS (registered trademark), MS-DOS (registered trademark), Windows
Most OS file management systems such as (registered trademark) have a tree-like hierarchical structure as shown in FIG.

One disk drive (for example, one H
When the DD is divided into a plurality of partitions, one partition directory (Root Directory) 401, which is the parent of the whole, exists for each partition unit, and a sub-directory (SubDirectory) under the root directory 401.
402 belongs to. File in this SubDirectory 402
Data 403 exists.

Actually, not limited to this example, Root Directory
File Data 403 exists directly under 401 or multiple S
In some cases, ubDirectory 402 has a complicated hierarchical structure that is connected in series.

[A-2-4] Recording Content of File Management Information on Information Storage Medium File management information is recorded in the above-described logical block unit. The contents recorded in each logical block are mainly * descriptive text that indicates information about the file FID (File Identifier Descriptor) ... File type and file name (Root Directory
Name, SubDirectory name, File Data name, etc.) are described.

.. File Data that follows in the FID
And the recording position of a descriptive sentence (that is, FE described below corresponding to the corresponding file) indicating the recording position of the contents of the Directory are also described.

* Descriptive sentence F indicating the recording position of the contents of the file
E (File Entry; File Entry) ... Data contents of File Data and Directory (Sub
It describes the position (logical block number) on the information storage medium where the information about the contents of the directory etc. is recorded.

An excerpt of the description contents of the File Identifier Descriptor is shown in FIG. 24 (described later). The details will be described in "[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor". An excerpt of the description content of File Entry is shown in FIG. 23 (described later), and a detailed description thereof is given in “[B-3] File Entr.
Do y ”.

[0295] Next, the descriptive text indicating the recording position on the information storage medium includes the long allocation descriptor (Long Allocation Descriptor) shown in Fig. 20 and the short allocation descriptor (Short) shown in Fig. 21.
Allocation Descriptor) is used. For a detailed description of each, see “[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descri.
ptor ”and“ [B-1-3] Short Allocation Descrip
tor ".

As an example, FIG. 19B shows the recorded contents when the information of the file system structure of FIG. 19A is recorded in the information storage medium.

The recorded contents of FIG. 19 (b) are as follows.

The contents of the Root Directory 401 are shown in the logical block with the logical block number "1".

In the example of FIG. 19A, Root Director
Only Sub Directory 402 is included in y 401, so Sub Directo
Information about ry 402 File Identifier Descripto
It is described in r sentence 404. Although not shown, the information of the Root Directory 401 itself is also Fi in the same logical block.
It is written in parallel in the le Identifier Descriptor statement.

[0300] File Ident of this Sub Directory 402
File Entry statement 4 showing where the contents of Sub Directory 402 are recorded in ifier Descriptor statement 404
The recording position of 05 (the second logical block in the example of FIG. 19B) is described (LAD (2)) in the Long Allocation Descriptor statement.

A File Entry statement 405 indicating the position where the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are recorded is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "2".

In the example of FIG. 19A, Sub Directory
Since only File Data 403 is contained in 402,
Sub Directory 402 is essentially File D
File Identi with information about ata 403
It indicates the recording position of the fier Descriptor statement 406.

... Short Allocati in File Entry sentence
Sub Dir in the 3rd logical block by on Descriptor statement
It is described that the contents of ectory 402 are recorded (AD (3)).

The contents of Sub Directory 402 are recorded in the logical block of logical block number "3".

In the example of FIG. 19A, Sub Directory
Since only the File Data 403 is contained in the 402, the information about the File Data 403 is included in the Sub Directory 402, and the information on the File Identifier Descriptor statement 4
06. Although not shown, the information of Sub Directory 402 itself is also included in the same logical block as File Ide.
It is written side by side in the ntifier Descriptor statement.

File Identif for File Data 403
The recording position of the File Entry statement 407 indicating where the content of the File Data 403 is recorded in the ier Descriptor statement 406 (recorded in the fourth logical block in the example of FIG. 19B). But Long Allocation De
It is described in the scriptor sentence (LAD (4)).

A File Entry sentence 407 indicating the position where the File Data 403 contents 408 and 409 are recorded is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "4".

[0308] Short in File Entry statement 407
Allocation Descriptor statement in File Data403 Content 4
It is described that 08 and 409 are recorded in the fifth and sixth logical blocks (AD (5), AD (6)).

File Data 403 content information (a) 408 is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "5".

File Data 403 content information (b) 409 is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "6".

[A-2-5] In accordance with the information shown in FIG.
File Data Access Method As described briefly in “[A-2-4] File system information recorded contents on information storage medium”, File Identifi
er Descriptor 404, 406 and FileEntry 40
5 and 407, the logical block number in which the information that follows is described. Similar to reaching the File Data via the Sub Directory while descending the hierarchy from the Root Directory, the File Identifier Descriptor
The data content of File Data is accessed while sequentially reproducing the information in the logical block on the information storage medium according to the logical block number described in File Entry.

That is, for the information shown in FIG.
To access File Data 403, first read the first logical block information. File Data 403 is S
Since it exists in ubDirectory 402, the Fil of Sub Directory 402 is selected from the first logical block information.
After searching the e Identifier Descriptor 404 and reading LAD (2), the second logical block information is read accordingly. One File Entry in the second logical block
Since I have only described the sentence, read AD (3) in it,
Move to the third logical block. The third logical block is File Ide, which describes File Data 403.
Look for ntifier Descriptor 406 and read LAD (4). When moving to the fourth logical block according to LAD (4), since only one File Entry statement 407 is described therein, AD (5) and AD (6) are read and File Data 403 is read.
Find the logical block number (5th and 6th) in which the contents of is recorded.

The contents of AD (*) and LAD (*) will be described in detail in "Detailed description of each description sentence (Descriptor) of [B] UDF".

[A-3] Features of UDF [A-3-1] Description of UDF features FAT used in HDD, FDD, MO, etc.
The characteristics of UDF will be described by comparison with.

1) Suitable for recording video information or music information having a large minimum unit (minimum logical block size, minimum logical sector size, etc.) and having a large amount of information to be recorded.

... The logical sector size of FAT is 512 By.
In contrast to tes, the logical sector (block) size of UDF is as large as 2048 Bytes.

2) In the FAT, a file allocation management table (File Allocation Table) to the information storage medium is locally recorded on the information storage medium, whereas in the UDF, the file management information is stored at an arbitrary position on the disc. It can be distributed and recorded.

In the UDF, the recording position on the disc regarding the file management information and the file data is described in the Allocation Descriptor as a logical sector (block) number.

* In FAT, the file management area (File Al
location table) is centrally managed, so it is suitable for applications that require frequent file structure changes (mainly frequent rewriting applications) (because it is recorded in a central location, it is easy to rewrite management information). File management information (Fi
Since the recording location of the (le Allocation Table) is predetermined, it is premised on the high reliability of the recording medium (the number of defective areas is small).

* In UDF, the file management information is distributed and arranged, so there is little change in the file structure.
The lower part of the hierarchy (mainly below the Root Directory)
It is suitable for applications where a new file structure is added later (mainly for additional writing) (since there are few changes to the previous file management information during additional writing). Further, since the recording position of the distributed file management information can be arbitrarily designated, it is possible to avoid the congenital defect portion and record it.

Since the file management information can be recorded at an arbitrary position, all the file management information can be collected and recorded in one place and the advantages of the FAT can be brought out, so that it can be considered as a more versatile file system.

[B] Detailed description of each UDF description sentence (Descriptor) [B-1] Logical block number description sentence [B-1-1] Allocation Descriptor "[A-2-4] Information storage medium File Identifier Desc as shown in "File system information record contents above"
The position (logical block number) where the information that follows is recorded in a part of riptor, File Entry, etc.
The description that indicates is called Allocation Descriptor. Al
Location Descriptor has the Long Allocation shown below.
There are Descriptor and Short Allocation Descriptor.

[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descri
ptor As shown in FIG. 20, ・ Extent length 410 ... Logical block number is displayed in 4 bytes, Extent position 411 ... Corresponding logical block number is displayed in 4 bytes, ・ Implementation (Implementation Use) 4
12 ... Information used for arithmetic processing is displayed in 8 bytes. In this description, the description is simplified and described as "LAD (logical block number)".

[B-1-3] Short Allocation Descr
iptor As shown in FIG. 21, Extent length 410 ... Displays the number of logical blocks in 4 bytes, Extent position 411 ... Displays the corresponding logical block number in 4 bytes. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as "AD (logical block number)".

[B-2] Unallocated Space Entry As shown in FIG. 22, "Exit in unrecorded state" on the information storage medium.
Short Allocation Descripto for each Extent
It is a descriptive sentence that is described in r and that is arranged, and is used in the Space Table (see FIGS. 17 and 18). Specific contents are: -Descriptor Tag 413 ... Represents the description content identifier, in this case "263" .- ICB Tag 414 ... Indicates the file type. File Type = 1 in ICB Tag is Unallocated.
Means Space Entry, File Type = 4 is Direct
ory and File Type = 5 represent File Data.

-Allocation Descriptors column total length 415
4 bytes indicates the total number of bytes.

Etc. are described.

[B-3] File Entry The description described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file / system information recorded on information storage medium".

As shown in FIG. 23, Descriptor Tag 417 ...
Indicates the identifier of the description content, in this case "261",-ICB Tag 418 ... Indicates the file type → The content is the same as [B-2],-Permissions (419) ... Recording / playback / deletion permission for each user Indicates information, and is mainly used for the purpose of ensuring the security of files. ・ Allocation Descriptors 420… Short Allocation D is the position where the contents of the file are recorded for each Extent.
It describes that the escriptors are arranged side by side.

[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor Descriptive statement describing file information as described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file / system information recorded on information storage medium".

As shown in FIG. 24: Descriptor Tag 421 ... Represents the description content identifier, in this case "257", File characteristics 422 ... Indicates the type of file, ParentDirectory, Directory, File
Means either Data or file deletion flag.

Information control block (Information Contr
ol Block) 423… The FE position corresponding to this file is Lo
It is described in ng Allocation Descriptor.

File Identifier 424 ... Directory name or file name.

-Padding 437 ... File Identifier Desc
This is a dummy area added to adjust the length of the entire riptor, and normally all "0" s are recorded.

Etc. are described.

[C] Example of file structure description recorded on information storage medium according to UDF "[A-2] Outline of UDF" The contents will be described below in detail using a specific example.

FIG. 25 shows an example of a more general file system structure as compared with FIG. 19 (a). Dire in parentheses
Indicates the logical block number on the information storage medium in which the information about the contents of ctory or the data contents of File Data is recorded.

An example of recording the information of the file system structure of FIG. 25 on the information storage medium according to the UDF format is shown in FIG. 17 and FIG.
e) Shown at 486.

As a method for managing the unrecorded position on the information storage medium, * Space Bitmap method ... Space Bitmap Descriptor 470 is used as a bitmap for all logical blocks in the recording area in the information storage medium. Flag "recorded" or "unrecorded".

* Space table method: Using the description method of Unallocated Space Entry 471
All the unrecorded logical block numbers are described as a list of Short Allocation Descriptor. There are two methods.

In the description of the present embodiment, both formulas are intentionally shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 for the purpose of explanation, but both are actually used together (recorded on the information storage medium).
There is almost nothing, and only one of them is used.

Main Desc described in FIG. 17 and FIG.
The outline of the contents of riptor is as follows.

[Beginning Extended Area Descripto]
r 445 ... Indicates the start position of Volume Recognition Sequence.

-Volume Structure Descriptor 446 ...
Describe the contents of Volume, ・ Boot Descriptor 447 ... Describe the contents of processing at boot, ・ Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 448 ... Vo
Indicates the end position of lume Recognition Sequence.-Partition Descriptor 450 ... Indicates partition information (size, etc.).

[0345] In the DVD-RAM, one partition (Partition) is basically used for each volume.

Logical Volume Descriptor 454 ... Describes the contents of a logical volume. Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 458 ... Main Volume Descriptor Sequ in the information storage medium recording area.
ence 449 and Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 4
67 recording positions are shown.

-Reserved (all 00h bytes) 459 to 465
... In order to secure a logical sector number for recording a specific Descriptor, an adjustment area in which all "0" s are recorded is provided between them.

-Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequenc
e 467… Main Volume Descriptor. A packed-up area for information recorded in Sequence 449.

[D] Access method to file data during reproduction Information storage medium for reproducing data contents of File Data H432 (see FIG. 25) using the file system information shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. The above access processing method will be described.

1) Volume Reco as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Boot Descriptor in the gnition Sequence 444 region
Go play 447 information.

2) Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no boot process specified, the main volume descriptor sequence is first
Logical volume descriptors in the 449 area (Logical
Volume Descriptor) Plays back 454 information.

3) Logical volume content use (Logical Volume Descriptor 454)
Contents Use) 455 is described in that file set descriptor (File Set Descripto).
r) The logical block number indicating the position recorded by 472 is Lo
It is described in the ng Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (from LAD (100) to 10 in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).
It is recorded in the 0th logical block).

4) Access the 100th logical block (the 372nd logical sector number) to access the File Se
Play t Descriptor 472. Root Director in it
y File E for Root Directory A 425 in ICB473
The location (logical block number) where ntry is recorded is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18, LAD (102) to 102
Recorded in the second logical block).

Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (1
According to 02), 5) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Read the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information relating to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 4
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 28
The logical block number (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) recorded in the File Entry relating to rectory D 428 is read.

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
Is read and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is Sub Director
Since it is directly under the y F 430, it is a Sub Director.
File Identifier Descriptor for y F 430
Searching for File En on Sub Directory F 430
Logical block number recorded by try (FIGS. 17 and 18)
Although not shown in the figure, LAD (112)) is read.

9) The 112th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 4 for SubDirectory F 430 is accessed.
82 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information about the contents of SubDirectory F 430, and File Ident about File Data H 432.
Find the ifierDescriptor. And from there File Data
Logical block number in which File Entry related to H 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 but LAD (1
14)) is read.

11) The 114th logical block is accessed and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H 432 is accessed.
To play File Data H 432 data content 489
Read the position where is recorded.

12) Fil for File Data H 432
Information is reproduced from the information storage medium in the order of the logical block numbers described in the e Entry 484, and File Data H
Read the data content 489 of 432.

[E] Specific File Data Content Change Method A processing method including access when changing the data content of File Data H 432 will be described using the file system information shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. .

1) Obtain the capacity difference of the data contents before and after the change of File Data H 432, and set the value to 2048 Bytes.
Divide by s and calculate in advance how many additional logical blocks will be used to record the changed data or how many logical blocks will be unnecessary.

2) Volume Reservation is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Boot Descript in cognition Sequence 444 area
or go to play 447 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of Boot Descriptor 447.

If there is no designated boot process, 3) First, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449
Play the Partition Descriptor 450 in the area and read the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described in it. This Partition Contents Use 451
Space in (also called PartitionHeader Descriptor)
The recording position of Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

-Space Table Location is Unallocated Spa
In the column of ce Table 452, Short Allocation Descriptor
Format (AD in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18)
(50)).・ Space Bitmap location is Unallocated Space Bitma
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the field of p 453. (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18) 4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 3). Space Bitmap
The Space Bitmap information is read from the Descriptor 470, the unrecorded logical block is searched, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered (Space Bitmap Descr
Rewriting of iptor 460 information). Or 4 ') 3)
Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in. Space Table USE
(AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Rewriting process of Space Table information) * Actual process is either "4)" or "4 ')".

5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
quence 449 Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the area
Play the information of.

6) The Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in the Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position recorded by the File Set Descriptor 472 is Long Allocation.
It is described in the Descriptor (Fig. 20) format (Fig. 17,
In the example of FIG. 18, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100).

7) Access the 100th logical block (it becomes the 400th in the logical sector number) and execute File Se
Play t Descriptor 472. Root Dire in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry for the Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the ctoryICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, LAD (1
It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from 02)).

Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (10
According to 2), 8) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Read the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information relating to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 4
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 28,
The logical block number (LAD (110) (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) recorded in the File Entry for Directory D 428 is read.

10) Access the 110th logical block and make a File Entry 48 for Directory D 428.
0 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is Sub Director
Since it is directly under the yF 430, the Sub Directory
File Identifier Descriptor for F430
And search for Sub DirectoryF 430 File
The logical block number (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18; LAD (112)) recorded in the Entry is read.

12) Access the 112th logical block and execute File En on Sub Directory F 430.
The try 482 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of the Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

13) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information about the contents of Sub Directory F 430, and File Ident about File Data H 432.
Find the ifierDescriptor. And from there File Dat
Logical block number in which File Entry for a H 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 but L
Read AD (114)).

14) The 114th logical block is accessed and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H 432 is accessed.
To play File Data H 432 data content 489
Read the position where is recorded.

15) The data content 489 of the changed FileData H 432 is recorded in consideration of the logical block number additionally registered in 4) or 4 ').

[F] As an example of a specific file data / directory erasing processing method, File Data H 432 or Sub Director
A method of erasing y F 430 will be described.

Volume Recogn is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Boot Descriptor 44 in the ition Sequence 444 area
Go play 7 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no boot process specified, Main first
Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 Logical in area
The information of Volume Descriptor 454 is reproduced.

3) Logical Volume Descriptor 454
Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation.
It is described in the Descriptor (Fig. 20) format (Fig. 17,
In the example of FIG. 18, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100).

4) Access the 100th logical block (it becomes the 400th in the logical sector number) and execute File Se
Play t Descriptor 472. Root Direct in it
ory ICB 473 to Root Directory A 425 F
The location (logical block number) where the ile Entry is recorded is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (LAD (102) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).
Recorded in the 102nd logical block from).

Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (1
According to 02), 5) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
Play File Entry 475 for rectory A 425 and read the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (A
D (103)).

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 42
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for # 8, Dire
The logical block number (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) recorded in the File Entry relating to the ctoryD 428 is read.

7) The 110th logical block is accessed and File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
Is read and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block to reproduce the information regarding the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is Sub Directory F
Since it exists directly under 430, Sub Directory F
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 430.

<< When Deleting Sub Directory F 430 >> File about Sub Directory F 430
File Characteristic 4 in Identifier Descriptor
22 (FIG. 24), a "file deletion flag" is set.

Fi about Sub Directory F 430
Logical block number recorded in le Entry (Fig. 1
7. Although not shown in FIG. 18, LAD (112)) is read.

9) Access the 112th logical block and perform File Entry related to Sub Directory F 430.
482 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information about the contents of SubDirectory F 430, and File Ident about File Data H 432.
Find the ifierDescriptor.

<< When deleting File Data H 432 >> File Identif for File Data H 432.
File Characteristics 42 in ier Descriptor
2 (FIG. 24), a "file deletion flag" is set. Further from there File Ent on File Data H 432
The logical block number (LAD (114) (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18)) recorded by ry is read.

11) The 114th logical block is accessed and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H 432 is accessed.
Is read and the position where the data content 489 of File Data H 432 is recorded is read.

<< In the case of erasing File Data H 432 >> The logical block in which the data content 489 of File Data H 432 was recorded is released (the logical block is registered in the unrecorded state) by the following method.

12) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
quence 449 The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is played back, and the Partition Contents U described in it is reproduced.
Read the information of se 451. This Partition Contents
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown in Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

-Space Table position is Unallocated Spa
In the column of ce Table 452, Short Allocation Descriptor
Format (AD in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18)
(50)). Also, ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).

13) Space Bitma read in 12)
The logical block number (0) described by p is accessed, and the "logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11) is rewritten to the Space Bitmap Descriptor 470.
Or 13 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 12),
The "logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11)
Rewrite as Space Table.

* Actual processing is “13)” or “1”
3 ') "or either one of them is performed.

<< In case of erasing File Data H 432 >> 12) Follow the same procedure as 10) to 11)
The position where the data content 490 of Data I 433 is recorded is read.

13) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
quence 449 The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is played back, and the Partition Contents U described in it is reproduced.
Read the information of se 451. This Partition Contents
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown in Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

-Space Table Location is Unallocated Spa
Short Allocation Descripto in the column of ce Table 452
It is described in the format of r (A in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18)
D (50)).・ Space Bitmap location is Unallocated Space Bitma
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the field of p453 (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).

[0407] 14) Space Bitmap read in 13)
Access the logical block number (0) described in
The “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) and 12) is rewritten to Space Bitmap Descriptor 470. Or 14 ') Space Tabl read in 13)
The logical block number (50) described by e is accessed, and the "logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11) and 12) is rewritten in the Space Table.

* Actual processing is "14)" or "1"
4 ') "or either one of them is performed.

[G] As an example of file data / directory addition processing, an access / addition processing method for newly adding file data or a directory under the Sub Directory F 430 will be described.

1) When adding file data, check the capacity of the file data contents to be added, and set the value to 20.
Divide by 48 Bytes to calculate the number of logical blocks required to add file data.

2) Volume Reco as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Boot Descriptor 44 in the gnition Sequence 444 area
Go play 7 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of Boot Descriptor 447. 3) If there is no special boot process specified, first, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is reproduced, and the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described in it is read. This Partition Contents Use 451
S in (also called Partition Header Descriptor)
The recording position of pace table or Space Bitmap is shown.

-Space Table position is Unallocated Spa
In the column of ce Table 452, Short Allocation Descriptor
Format (AD in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18)
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).

4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 3). Sp
The Space Bitmap information is read from the ace Bitmap Descriptor 470, the unrecorded logical block is searched, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered (Space Bitma
p Descriptor 460 Information rewriting process). Or
4 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 3). Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * Actual process is either "4)" or "4 ')".

5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
quence 449 Logical Volume Descriptor in the area
Play 454 information.

6) The Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in the Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position recorded by the File Set Descriptor 472 is the Long Allocation Descriptor.
It is described in the scriptor (Fig. 20) format (Fig. 17, Fig. 1).
In the example of No. 8, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100)).

7) Access the 100th logical block (it becomes the 400th in the logical sector number) and execute File Se
Play t Descriptor 472. Root Direct in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry related to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in ory ICB 473 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (LAD (10 in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).
It is recorded in the 102nd logical block from 2)).

Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (1
According to 02), 8) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
Play the File Entry 475 for rectory A 425 and read the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (A
D (103)).

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Ide for Directory D 428
The ntifier Descriptor is searched for, and the logical block number in which the File Entry for Directory D 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, LAD (110))
To read.

10) Access the 110th logical block and make a File Entry 48 for Directory D 428.
0 is reproduced and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information relating to the contents of Directory D 428.

File for Sub Directory F 430
Find the Identifier Descriptor and go to Sub Directory F
Logical block number in which File Entry for 430 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 but LAD (1
12)) is read.

12) Access the 112th logical block and execute File En on Sub Directory F 430.
The try 482 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of the Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

13) Access the 113th logical block and register the file identifier or the File Identifier Descriptor of the directory to be newly added in the information regarding the contents of the Sub Directory F 430.

14) File Entry relating to the file data or directory newly added by accessing the logical block number position registered in 4) or 4 ')
To record.

15) Short in File Entry of 14)
Parent of the directory to be added by accessing the logical block number position shown in Allocation Descriptor
Record the data content of the File Identifier Descriptor of Directory or the file data to be added.

The recorded information contents (data structure) of the information recorded in the rewritable information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001) of the video information and the music information shown in FIG. 26A will be described below.

Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk 1001)
The schematic data structure of the information recorded above is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), in order from the inner side (Inner Side 1006), an embossed data zone having a concave and convex light reflection surface and a mirror zone having a flat surface (mirror surface). ) And information can be rewritten
Rewritable data zone
With lead-in area 1002
Rewritable that can be recorded and rewritten by the user
Volume & File Management Information (Volume & File) that is recorded in the data zone and records information about the file or volume of audio and video data (Audio & Video Data)
Manager Information) 1003 ・ Rewritable that can be recorded and rewritten by the user
Data Area consisting of data Zone
1004 ・ Rewritable data Zone where information can be rewritten
Lead-out Area consisting of
Divided into 1005.

[0430] Embossed dat of Lead-in Area 1002
In the a Zone, information about the entire information storage medium such as a disc type such as a DVD-ROM / -RAM / -R, a disc size, a recording density, a physical sector number indicating a recording start / recording end position, and a recording power Information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics such as recording pulse width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing, and information on manufacturing one information storage medium such as a manufacturing number are recorded in advance. , Lead-in Area 100
2 Rewritable data Zone and Lead-out Area 1
Each of the 005 Rewritable data Zones has a unique disc name recording area for each information storage medium, a test recording area (for confirmation of recording and erasing conditions), and a management information recording area for a defective area in the Data Area 1004. The information recording / reproducing apparatus can record in the above area.

[0431] Lead-in Area 1002 and Lead-out Are
a Data Area 1004 sandwiched between a 1005 and
As shown in 6 (c), Computer Data and Audio &
Mixed recording of Video Data is possible. Compute
The recording order of r Data, Audio & Video Data, and the size of each recorded information are arbitrary.
Data) is recorded in Computer Data Ar
Areas where Audio & Video Data are recorded are called Audio & Video Data Area 1009, called ea 1008 and 1010.

The data structure of the information recorded in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is as shown in FIG. 26 (d): Anchor Pointer Control Information for Control Information (AnchorPointer for Control Informa
tion) 1015: Audio & Video Data Area 1009
Placed in the first position in the Audio & Video Data
Information indicating the start position (start address) where Control Information 1011 in Area 1009 is recorded, • Control Information
mation) 1011: Control information required when performing each process of recording (recording), playback, editing, and search, ・ Video Objects 1012:
Video Data Recording information of Contents, ・ Picture Objects 10
13: Still image information such as Still image and Slide image, • Audio Objects 101
4: Audio Data recording information (Contents) ・ Thumbnail Objects
1016: When searching the place you want to see in Video Data,
Or, it is composed of information such as thumbnails used when editing.

Video Objects 1012 of FIG. 26D,
Picture Objects 1013, Audio Objects 1014, Th
umbnail Objects 1016 Means a group (group) of information classified according to content contents (data contents). Therefore, all video information recorded in Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is included in Video Objects 1012, all still image information is included in Picture Objects 1013, and all audio / audio information is included in Audio Objects 1014.
All thumbnail information used for managing and searching video information is included in Thumbnail Objects 1016.

[0434] Note that the VOB (Video
Object) 1403 indicates a block (group) of information recorded in the AVFile 1401, and is shown in FIG.
It has a different definition than Video Objects 1012.
Note that although the terms are similar, they are used in different meanings.

Further, the contents of Control Information 1011 are as follows: AV Data Control Information 1101: Vide
o Management information of the data structure in Objects 1012 and management information of recording position on Optical Disk 1001 which is an information storage medium.
back Control Information) 1021: Control information necessary for playback, recording control information (
Recording Control Information) 1022: Control information necessary for recording (recording / recording) / Edit control information (Edit
Control Information) 1023: Control information necessary for editing, Thumbnail control information (Thum
bnail Control Information) 1024: Video Data
Thumbnail for searching or editing the desired place in (Th
It has management information about thumbnail objects).

In addition, the AV Da shown in FIG.
The data structure in ta Control Information 1101 is as follows: Allocation Map Table
able) 1105: Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk 100)
1) Information about address setting according to the actual layout above, identification of recorded / unrecorded areas, etc. ・ Video title set information (Video T
itle Set Information) 1106: As shown in FIG.
It shows the overall information content in the AV File 1401, and shows connection information between video objects (VOBs), time information such as grouping information of multiple VOBs for management / search, and a time map table (Time Map Table). Video Object Control Information 1107:
As shown in FIG. 27 (c), each in AV File 1401
It shows information about each VOB, attribute (characteristic) information for each VOB, information about each VOBU in the VOB, program chain control information (PGC Control Information) 1103: information about a video information playback program (sequence), cell playback Information (Cell Playba
ck Information) 1108: Information about the data structure of the video information basic unit at the time of reproduction.

The outline up to (f) in FIG. 26 is as described above, but a little supplementary explanation will be given below for individual information.

[0438] Volume & File Manager Information
The information about the entire Volume, the number of files of PC data included, the number of files of AV data, recording layer information, and the like are recorded in the 1003. Especially as recording layer information ・ Number of constituent layers (eg RAM / ROM dual layer disc 1
Number of discs is 2 layers, ROM 2 layer disc is also 2 layers, single sided disc n is counted as n layer),-Logical sector number range table (capacity for each layer) allocated for each layer, -For each layer Characteristics (example: DVD-RAM disk,
RAM / ROM RAM part of dual-layer disc, CD-RO
M, CD-R, etc.)-Zone assigned logical sector number range table in the RAM area for each layer (including rewritable area capacity information for each layer) -Unique ID information for each layer (... to discover disc exchanges in multiple disc packs),
Consecutive logical sector numbers are set even for multiple disk packs and RAM / ROM two-layer disks, and one large
It can be handled as a Volume space.

Playback Control Information 1021 includes: -information relating to a playback sequence in which PGCs are integrated; -related to the above, an information storage medium such as VTR or DVC.
Information indicating a pseudo recording position regarded as one tape like (sequence for continuously reproducing all recorded cells), information regarding simultaneous reproduction of multiple screens having different video information, search information (… Cel corresponding to each search category
A table of IDs and start times in the cells is recorded, and information for enabling the user to directly access the corresponding video information by selecting a category) is recorded. In the Recording Control Information 1022, program reservation recording information and the like are recorded.

[0440] Further, Edit Control Information 1023
Then, the special edit information of each PGC unit (... The time setting information and the special edit content are described as EDL information), the file conversion information (...
A file such as a VI file is converted into a file that can be specially edited on the PC, and a location for storing the converted file is designated) is recorded.

[0441] Also, Thumbnail Control Information
1024 · Management information about Thumbnail Objects 1016 (… Au
(Recording location of each thumbnail image in dio & Video Data Area 1009, specification information of VOB or Cell related to each thumbnail image, location information in VOB or Cell related to each thumbnail image)
(VOB and Cell will be described in detail at the content explanation place in FIG. 27).

All information recorded in the Data Area 1004 of FIG. 26B is recorded in file units, and the relationship between each data file is managed by the directory structure as shown in FIG.

Below the root directory 1450, a plurality of sub-directories 1451 are installed for easy classification according to the file contents to be recorded. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the Computer Data Area 10 shown in FIG.
Each data file related to Computer Data recorded on 08 and 1010 is recorded under the Computer Data saving subdirectory 1457, and is recorded as Audio & Video Data A
Audio & Video Data recorded in the rea 1009 is recorded under the rewritable video title set RWV_TS1452. When the video information recorded on the DVD Video disc is copied to FIG. 26A, it is copied under the video title set VIDEO_TS1455 and the audio title set AUDIO_TS1456.

Control Information 10 in FIG. 26 (d)
11 information is recorded as one file as recording / playback video management data. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the file name is RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO. Further, the same information is recorded for backup as a file name RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP. This RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO and R
The WVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP2 file is treated as a conventional computer file.

In the embodiment of FIG. 28, Vi of FIG. 26 (d) is used.
All video information data belonging to deo Objects 1012 is RWVI
Video Objects File14 with the file name DEO.VOB
It is recorded collectively in 47. That is, in FIG.
All video information data belonging to Video Objects 1012 is shown in Fig. 2.
As shown in 7 (b), one VTS (Video Title Se
video objects F
It is recorded continuously in one file called ile 1447. (That is, PTT (Part_of_Title) 14
All 1 without dividing the file every 07 and 1408
It is recorded collectively in each file. ) Also, all the still image information data belonging to Picture Objects 1013 is Picture with the file name RWPICTURE.POB.
It is recorded collectively in Objects File 1448. Pic
A plurality of still image information is included in ture Objects 1013. Although the digital camera adopts a recording format in which each still image is recorded as a separate file, the embodiment of the present invention differs from the recording format of the digital camera in that a plurality of still images included in Picture Objects 1013 are included. All the images are continuously connected in the same format as in Fig. 27, and one picture with the file name RWPICTURE.POB is created.
The feature of the embodiment of the present invention resides in that the data is collectively recorded in the Objects File 1448.

Similarly, all audio information belonging to Audio Objects 1014 has one Aud with a file name of RWAUDIO.AOB.
It is recorded collectively in io Objects File 1449, and T
All thumbnail information belonging to humbnail Objects 1016 is also Thumbnail Objects Fil named RWTHUMBNAIL.TOB.
Recorded together in e 1458.

Video Objects File 1447,
Picture Objects File 1448, Audio Objects
File 1449, Thumbnail Objects File 1458
Are treated as AV File 1401.

Although not shown in FIG. 26, recording / reproduction additional information 1454 which can be used at the time of recording / reproducing an image can be simultaneously recorded, and the information is collectively recorded as one file. In the form of, the file name is RWADD.DAT.

FIG. 29 shows the relationship between LBN and AV Address in the AV file according to the present invention. AV File 1
The information 401 is physically scattered and recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. Now AV File
1401 is Extent # α3166, Extent # γ3
168, distributed recording in Extent # δ 3169, File
Entry order on Entry is Extent # δ 3169, Ext
Consider the case where ent # γ 3168 and Extent # α 3166 are set. AV Addres managed by recording / playback application 1
s is a File regardless of the recording position on the information storage medium.
The Extents registered in the Entry are continuously connected, and the AV Address value is set to be smaller in ascending order of entry on the File Entry. AV Address
Is managed by Extent. For example,
The LBN value of the first sector of Extent # γ 3168 is shown in Fig. 2.
As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the LBN of the last sector is "c".
If the value is "d-1", AV Addres of the same sector
The s values are "fe" and
It becomes "(fe) + (dc) -1".

Unlike conventional computer information, video information requires guarantee of continuity during recording. The reason for impeding the continuity at the time of recording and the method for guaranteeing the continuity at the time of recording will be described below.

FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system for explaining continuity at the time of recording. Video information sent from the outside is buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM2
It is temporarily stored at 19. When the optical head 202 reaches the recording position on the information storage medium 201 by the coarse access 1334 and the fine access 1333 operations, the image information temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is stored as information via the optical head 202. It is recorded on the medium 201. Buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM21
9 is a physical transfer rate (PTR: Physical Tran).
smission rate) 1387. The average value of the transfer rates of the video information transferred from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is calculated as the system transfer rate (ST
R: System Transmission Rate) 1388. Generally, the physical transfer rate PTR and the system transfer rate STR have different values.

To successively record video information at different locations on the information storage medium 201, an access operation for moving the focus spot position of the optical head 202 is required. A coarse access 1334 for moving the entire optical head 202 is performed for a large movement, and a fine access 1333 for moving only an objective lens for condensing a laser beam is performed for a minute distance movement, although not shown.

FIGS. 31 and 32 show a buffer memory (in the case of sequentially recording video information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 while controlling the access of the optical head 202 to the video information transferred from the outside). (Semiconductor memory) The time transition of the image information amount temporarily stored in BM219 is shown. Since the physical transfer rate PTR is generally faster than the system transfer rate STR, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 continues to decrease during the video information recording times 1393, 1397, and 1398. The amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 becomes “0”. At that time, the video information that is continuously transferred is continuously recorded on the information storage medium 201 as it is without being temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219, and the amount of video information that is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219. Remains in the state of "0".

Next, when the image information is to be recorded at another position on the information storage medium 201 subsequently, the access process of the optical head 202 is executed prior to the recording operation. As the access period of the optical head 202, as shown in FIG. 32, three types of time are required: coarse access times 1348 and 1376, fine access times 1342 and 1343, and rotation waiting times 1345 and 1346 of the information storage medium 201. Since the recording process to the information storage medium 201 is not performed during this period, the physical transfer rate PTR1387 during this period is substantially "0". On the contrary, the average system transfer rate STR138 of the image information sent from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219.
Since 8 is kept unchanged, the amount of temporary storage of image information in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is 1341.
Continues to increase.

When the access to the optical head 202 is completed and the recording process to the information storage medium 201 is started again (the period of the video information recording time 1397 and 1398), the temporary storage amount of the video information in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219. 1341 decreases again. This decreasing slope is
[Average system transfer rate STR1332]-[Physical transfer rate PTR1331].

After that, when the position near the recording position on the information storage medium is accessed again, only the fine access can be performed. Therefore, the fine access times 1363, 1364, 1
365, 1366 and rotation waiting times 1367, 1368,
Only 1369 and 1370 are needed.

As described above, the condition for enabling continuous recording can be defined by the "upper limit value of the number of accesses within a specific period". Although the continuous recording has been described above, the condition for enabling continuous reproduction can be defined by the "upper limit of the number of times of access within a specific period" for the same reason as described above.

The access count condition that makes continuous recording absolutely impossible will be described with reference to FIG. When the access frequency is highest, as shown in FIG. 31, the video information recording time 1
393 is very short, and has a close access time of 1363 and 136.
4, 1365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 13
Only 68, 1369, and 1370 are consecutive. In this case, recording continuity cannot be ensured no matter how fast the physical transfer rate PTR1387 is. When the capacity of the buffer memory 219 is represented by BM, BM ÷ S
During the period of TR, the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 becomes full, and the newly transferred video information cannot be temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219. As a result, it becomes impossible to continuously record the image information that has not been temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219.

As shown in FIG. 32, when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced and the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is kept almost constant globally, the buffer information in the buffer memory 219 The continuity of video information recording seen from the external system is secured without overflowing the temporarily stored video information. SA for each rough access time
Ti (Seek Access Time of the objective lens), the average rough access time after n times of access is SATa, and the video information recording time for each access is DWTi (Data WriteTime),
Let DWTa be the average video information recording time for recording video information on the information storage medium after each access, which is obtained as the average value after n times of access. Further, the rotation waiting time for each rotation is set as MWTi (Spindle Motor Wait Time), and the average rotation waiting time after n times of access is set as MWTa.

The amount of video information data transferred from the outside to the buffer memory 219 during the entire access period when accessing n times is STR × (Σ (SATi + JATi + MWTi)) STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) (1). Between this value and the amount of video information transferred from the buffer memory 219 to the information storage medium 201 at the time of accessing the video information n times (PTR-STR) × ΣDWTi (PTR-STR) × nDWTa (2) (PTR-STR) × n · DWTa ≧ STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) That is, (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × (SATa + JATa + MWTA) (3) When recording image information viewed from the external system side The continuity of is secured. Here, if Ta is the average time required for one access, Ta = SATa + JATa + MWTa (4), and therefore the equation (3) is transformed into (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × Ta (5). A major feature of the present invention is that the average number of accesses is reduced by limiting the lower limit value of the data size for continuous recording after one access. The data area to be continuously recorded on the information storage medium after one access is "Co
ntiguous Data Area ”.

From equation (5) DWTa ≧ STR × Ta / (PTR-STR) (6) Can be transformed.

Since the contiguous data area size CDAS is obtained by CDAS = DWTa × PTR (7), CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × Ta / (PTR-STR) (8) from equations (6) and (7). From the formula (8), Co to enable continuous recording
The lower limit of the ntiguous Data Area size can be specified.

The time required for the rough access and the fine access varies greatly depending on the performance of the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Now let's say SA
Assume Ta 200 ms (9). As described above, for example, MWTa 18ms, JATA 5ms
Is used in the calculation.

In the 2.6 GB DVD-RAM, TR = 11.08 Mbps (10). When the average transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR 4 Mbps (11), CDAS ≥ 1.4 Mbits (12) is obtained by substituting the above numerical values into the equation (8). As another estimate, if SATa + JATa + MWTa = 1.5 seconds (13), then CDAS ≧ 9.4 Mbits (14) from equation (8). Further, the recording / playback DVD standard specifies that the maximum transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR = 8 Mbps (15) or less, so if the value of expression (15) is substituted into expression (8), CDAS ≧ 43. Get 2 Mbits 5.4 MBytes (16).

As already described with reference to FIG. 16, Linear as an alternative method for the defective area generated on the information storage medium.
A comparative explanation of Replacement and Skipping Replacement was given. Here, LBN (Logical B
lock Number) The comparison of setting methods will be mainly explained. As described above, the total recording area on the information storage medium is 204
It is divided into 8 byte sectors, and all sectors have a physical sector number (PSN: Physical Sect) in advance.
or Number) is assigned. This PSN is an information recording / reproducing apparatus (ODD: Optical Disc) as described in FIG.
k Drive) 3.

As shown in FIG. 33 (β), Linear Re
In the placement method, the alternative area 3455 is set as Spa
It is limited to the re Area 724 and cannot be set in any place. If there is no defective area on the information storage medium, the LBN is allocated to all the sectors in the User Area 723, and the Spare Area 72
No LBN is set in the sector within 4. User Ar
Defect area 3451 in ECC block unit in ea 723
When the occurrence of LBN occurs, the setting of LBN at this place is removed (34
61), the LBN value is set to each sector in the alternative area 3455.

In the example of FIG. 33 (β), the value of “b” is set as the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3441, and the value of “a” is set as the LBN. Similarly, the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3442 is “b + 32”, LB
N is set to “a + 32”. As data to be recorded on the information storage medium, as shown in FIG. 33 (α), recording data # 1, recording data # 2, recording data # 3 are recorded.
If there is a record data in the recording area 3441,
1 is recorded, and recording data # 3 is recorded in the recording area 3442.
Is recorded. Sandwiched between recording areas 3441 and 3442,
If the area where the PSN of the first sector starts with “b + 16” is the defective area 3451, no data is recorded here and the LBN is not set either. Instead
The PSN of the first sector in the Spare Area 724 is "d"
The recording data # 2 is recorded in the alternative area 3455 starting with and the LBN starting with the first sector “a + 16”
Is set.

As shown in FIG. 4, the address managed by the File System 2 is LBN, and in the Linear Replacement method, the defective area 3451 is avoided and the LBN is set. Therefore, in File System 2, the defective area on the information storage medium is set. 34
The feature of the Linear Replacement method is that it does not make 51 conscious. On the contrary, in the case of this method, there is also a drawback that the File System 2 side is not able to deal with the defective area 3451 on the information storage medium at all.

On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, as shown in FIG. 33 (γ), the LBN is set also for the defective area 3452, and the File System 2 side also handles the defective area generated on the information storage medium. A major feature of the present invention is that it can be taken (entered within the control range).

In the example of FIG. 33 (γ), a defective area 3452 is provided.
The LBN of the first sector of is set to "a + 16". Also, the replacement area 3456 for the defect area 3452 is used.
The following feature of the present invention lies in that can be set at any position in the UserArea 723. As a result, defective area 3452
Immediately after the replacement area 3456 is arranged, the original defective area 3
Recording data # 2 to be recorded on 452 can be immediately recorded in the alternative area 3456.

Linear Replacemen shown in FIG. 33 (β)
In the t method, the optical head needs to be moved to the Spare Area 724 in order to record the recording data # 2, which requires access time of the optical head. On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, access to the optical head is unnecessary and the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area. As shown in FIG. 33 (γ), Skippi
In the ng replacement method, the Spare Area 724 is not used and is treated as the non-recording area 3459.

That is to say, the points of the embodiment shown in FIG. 33, which shows the major features of the present invention, and the effects corresponding thereto are: A] LBN is set also for the defect region 3452.

Linear Replac shown in FIG. 33 (β)
In the ement method and the defect processing method shown in FIG. 16, since the LBN is not directly added to the defect area, the correct defect area cannot be known from File System 2. When the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium is small, it is possible to completely leave the defect management to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. 33 (β) and FIG. Further, when a large number of defects that exceed the size of the Spare Area occur, failure management will occur if only the information recording / reproducing device 3 performs defect management.

On the other hand, if an LBN is set in the defective area 3452 so that the location of the defective area 3452 can be recognized even on the File System 2 side, a method as shown in steps ST3-05 to -07 of the recording procedure described later will be performed. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 and the File System 2 can cooperate in defect processing, and even if a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium, the video information can be continuously recorded without failure.

B] LB generated in User Area 723
The defect area 3452 for which N is set is left as it is in the LBN space.

[0476] ... Linear Repl shown in Fig. 33 (β)
LBN even with the acement method and the same Skipping Replacement method
As a setting method, as shown in Fig. 16 (c), Spare Area 7
When LBN is set within 24 (extended area 743 used for information recording) (although no problem occurs during initial recording)
Problems arise when deleting recorded information and recording new information.

[0477] In other words, as seen from File System 2, LB
All consecutive addresses are set in the N space (
LBN set in Spare Area 746 is User Area
File S is located physically away from 723
I don't know ystem 2), so File System 2 is LBN
Attempts to record information in a continuous area of space. one time
If the LBN is set in the Spare Area 724, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 must record the information on the information storage medium according to the designation of FileSystem2, and the Spar
Since it becomes necessary to move to the LBN setting place on the e Area 724 and record information, the access frequency of the optical head increases, and the temporary storage amount of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated as shown in FIG. As a result, continuous recording may not be possible.

On the other hand, if the LBN set as shown in FIG. 33 (γ) is always set in the User Area 723,
When another information is recorded at that location after the information is deleted, unnecessary access of the optical head can be restricted, and continuous recording of video information becomes possible.

C] The replacement area 3456 is set immediately after the defective area 3452 generated in the user area 723.

As shown above, as shown in FIG. 33 (β)
Compared to the linear replacement method, the ski in Fig. 33 (γ)
In the pping replacement method, the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area, and as a result, unnecessary access of the optical head can be limited and continuous recording of video information becomes possible. There is a place to say.

Next, the data structure of the defect management information when the Skipping Replacement processing method is performed will be described. As a method of recording the defect management information in this case, in the embodiment of the present invention, 1) as shown in FIG. After converting to LBN information in the information recording / reproducing device,
A method of notifying the File System 2 side, and 2) a method of recording and managing as LBN information on an information storage medium as shown in FIG. 35, and directly reproducing and processing on the File System side without interposing the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 ( in this case,
The process of recording the defect management information on the information storage medium is also directly Fi
le System side corresponds)) method is presented.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, Linear Repl
The defect management information corresponding to the acement method is PSN information as the Lean-in Area 1002 and the Lean-out Area 100 in FIG.
DMA in Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 in 5
Areas 663 and 691 are provided, and Secondary Defect L
Already recorded as ist 3413. In the embodiment of the present invention, the defect management information (SDL) corresponding to the PC data is
3413) and defect management information (TDL3414) corresponding to AV data (video information) are recorded separately.

That is, in the present invention, Skipping Replacem
Defect management information compatible with the ent method is provided to Tertiary Defect L
It is defined as ist 3414. One TDL for each replacement process (for example, setting of the replacement area 3456 for the defective area 3452 in FIG. 33 (γ)).
It has entry 3427 and 3428 information.

For the Linear Replacement method, the start sector 3 in the defective ECC block, which is the defective area location information.
431 and the start position sector number 3432 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block indicating the location of the replacement area are registered as group information. In the case of the Skipping Replacement method, the location of the replacement area 3456 is the defective area 3452.
It has been decided to be right after, so TDL entry 3427, 3
As the information in 428, the head sector number (PSN) 3433 in the defective ECC block and the skipping replacement identification information “FFFF” are used instead of the alternative area location designation.
The group information of the location 3434 in which “FFh” is recorded is used.

[0485] With this recording method, Linear Replacement
It is possible to record defect management information that is consistent with the SDL entries 3422 and 3423 corresponding to the law on the information storage medium. All the defect management information shown in FIG. 34 is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side. Information recording / reproducing apparatus 3
Side reproduced TDL3414 information or SDL341
All 3 information is recorded by PSN. Figure 33 (β)
As shown in (γ), PSN and LBN for each defect processing method
There is a one-to-one correspondence between. Specifically, after performing “PSN → LSN conversion” by using the relationship shown in FIG. 11, FIG.
0, the "LSN → LBN conversion" is performed using the relationship of FIG. 21, and the defect management information is used as LBN information in File Sy.
Notify the stem 2 side.

While the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages the defect management information shown in FIG. 34, the defect management information shown in FIG. 35 is managed on the File System 2 side.
Information storage medium in N information format (Optical Disk 1001)
It is recorded in.

[0487] This information is stored in the Volume & File Manager.
Main Volume managed by UDF in Information 1003
Recorded in Descriptor Sequence 449. The defect information is generically called Sparing Table 469 and
The defect management information corresponding to r Replacement is Secondary
Defect Map 3471, again, Skipping Replacement
The defect management information corresponding to is the Tertiary Defect Map
Recorded in 3472. Both are SD for each alternative processing
Map entry 3482, 3483 and TD Map entry 3487, 34
Has 88. The information description in each Map entry is shown in Figure 34.
It has the same content as (g).

The head sector number 3493 in the defective ECC block in the TDM3472 is the defective area 3 in FIG. 36 (γ).
452 (ECC block = managed in units of 16 sectors)
Is designated and the substitute area 3456 for recording the video information for that location is always immediately after the defective area 3452, so that “FFFFFFh” 349 is displayed as shown in FIG.
4 is recorded.

As another embodiment of the present invention of the management information managed on the File System 2 side, as shown in FIG. 37, 1) a hidden file is created, and defect map information is described therein. 2) Long in AV File. Allocation Descriptor
(Described in FIG. 23) is adopted, and the Implementation Use41
There is a method of setting the defect flag in 2.

As described above, the replacement area 3456 can be arbitrarily set when the AV information is recorded, but the replacement area when the defect occurs with respect to the PC information is shown in FIG. 33 (β).
Spare Area 724 has been decided in advance and Spare Ar
When ea 724 was used up, the replacement process became impossible. In order to solve the problem, defects frequently occur on the information storage medium, and the Spare Area 7 shown in FIG.
When 24 is full, a substitute dedicated file 3501 is set in the User Area 723 as shown in FIG. 36 (β) of the embodiment of the present invention for securing a substitute area for adding a defective area when recording a PC file. be able to.

As described with reference to FIGS. 30 to 32, recording and partial erasing processing in Contiguous Data Area units are required to secure continuous recording of video information. In the case of additionally recording a small amount of video information 3513 to be additionally recorded to the video information 3511 already recorded as shown in FIG.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 38 (b), the Contiguous Data Area
# 3 3507 is secured, and the remaining part is unused area 35
Manage as 15. When additionally recording a small amount of video information 3514 to be additionally recorded, the unused area 35
It records from the head position of 15.

[0492] Information Length 3517 information is used as a method of managing the start position of this unused area 3516. Information Length information 3517 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, it is recorded in File Entry 3520. This Information Length 3517 is shown in Fig. 3.
As shown in 8 (c), it means the information size actually recorded from the beginning of the AV file.

When partially erasing the AV file,
Video to be deleted from the recording / playback application 1 side, as shown in Fig. 40.
When the AV address and data size of the start position of Object #B 3532 are specified, CDA is performed on the File System 2 side
Unused partial erasure location on # β and CDA # δ
Fi in the AV file as Extent 3548, 3549
Registered in le Entry. Unused Extent 3548,
The identification information of 3549 corresponds to the video information (AV file) as shown in FIG. 23 or FIG. 39 (f) shown in this specification.
Allocation Descriptors 4 in File Entry 3520
20 is Long Allocation Descriptor, Implementa
An "unused Extent flag" is set in each of the tion Uses 3528 and 412.

When a DVD-RAM disk is used as the information storage medium, recording and partial deletion processing in units of ECC blocks 502 are required as shown in FIG. Therefore, ECC block boundary position management is required. In this case, when the boundary position of the deletion designated area and the ECC block boundary position management are deviated, unused Extents 3548 and 3549 are set in the fractional part as in FIG.
An "unused Extent flag" is added as in (f).

An Extent setting method after recording video information according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Defect management information is recorded on the information storage medium with respect to the defective area on the information storage medium discovered at the time of recording the video information. In the embodiment of the present invention, since the defect management is performed on the File System 2, the defect management information is recorded in the TDL (TDL 3414 in FIG. 34E) managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 and the defect area 35 is recorded.
Extent is set while avoiding 66 (FIG. 41).

Another embodiment of the present invention with respect to FIG. 41 is shown in FIG. The management method of the defect area 3566 in FIG. 42 uses the method of circle 2 in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 42, Extent # 1 3571 and Extent # in which video information is recorded also in the defective area 3566.
2 3257, Extent # 3 3573
Set Extent 3595, and AV File File Entr
Register with y together.

The Extent description method in this case uses the Long Allocation Descriptor described in FIG. 23, and this defect Extent 3595 is shown in FIG. 39 (f).
A “defect Extent flag” is set in Implementation Use 3528, and the value of the flag is “1”.

As shown in FIGS. 41 and 43, the defect area 3
Consider a case where Extent is set while avoiding 566. After the AV information is recorded in the form of FIG. 41 and FIG. 43 (e), 1. After the AV information recording is completed, another PC file is recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 (in this case,
Linear Replacement processing is performed).

2. Furthermore, in order to delete the previously recorded AV file, the Contiguous Data of FIG. 41 and FIG.
Area #B is deleted.

3. Contiguo has just deleted another AV information
There is a possibility that a process of recording in the location of us Data Area #B may occur. In this case, the PC file is already recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 on the LBN space.

The LBN / XXX in the embodiment of the present invention has a great feature in that the contiguous data area 3593 can be set across the existing PC file 3582 as shown in FIG. The specific setting method is described in detail in the explanation place of FIG. 48 described later.

In the present invention, the setting conditions for the above-mentioned Contiguous Data Area 3593 are as follows: a] An existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, or a former Linear Replacem
The total number Npc of defective areas 3586 subjected to ent processing is (2
Satisfy the formula 8).

B] Sk in the Contiguous Data Area including the defective area 3586 previously skipped and replaced
The total defect size Lskip requiring ipping replacement satisfies the equation (29).

C] Contiguous Data Area 3593
An existing PC file 3582 that may exist in, or previously
When the optical head accesses the next recording area in the contiguous data area while avoiding the linear replacement processed defective area 3586, the rough access time 1348,
Do not use 1376.

[0505] The existing PC file 3582, or before, to the extent that rough access is not required when accessing the optical head
It is set that the size of the defective area 3586 subjected to the linear replacement processing is small.

A in Contiguous Data Area 3593
When V information is recorded, 1) Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in Contiguous Data Area 3593, formerly Linear Replacement
The time for the optical head to access the next recording area while avoiding the processed defective area 3586, and 2) the period for performing the skipping processing for the defective area 3587 skipped and replaced at the previous recording and the defective area first discovered at the current recording. , Has no AV information recorded on the information storage medium. Therefore, during this period, the temporary storage amount of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus continues to increase just like the periods of the coarse access time 1348, the fine access time 1343, and the rotation waiting time 1346 in FIG. Therefore, this period is shown in FIG.
Coarse access time 1348, fine access time 1343,
It can be handled in the same row as the period of the rotation waiting time 1346. In the contiguous data area 3593, the total size of the defective area 3587 that has undergone Skipping Replacement processing at the time of previous recording and the defective area that is discovered for the first time at this recording and that requires skipping processing is defined as Lskip.

[0507] Total time Tskip passing through Lskip points
Becomes Tskip = Lskip ÷ PTR (21). If this condition is taken into consideration, the equation (8) is transformed into CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip) / (PTR−STR) (22).

[0508] Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in Contiguous Data Area 3593, formerly Linear Repl
When the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the defective area 3586 subjected to the acement processing, the access is performed by the track jump. At this time, the rough access time 13
Existing PCfile35 to 48 and 1376 to unnecessary level
The size of the defect area 3586 which has been previously subjected to the linear replacement processing is reduced to 82 size. General DVD-RA
In M drive, the moving distance of the objective lens is
It is about ± 200 μm, and the track pitch Pt of the DVD-RAM disk is 0.74 μm (23) The minimum data size per track Dt = 17 × 2 kBytes = 34 kBytes (24) From the existing PC file 3582, formerly Linear Replac
The size of one defective area 3586 processed is required to be 200 ÷ 0.74 × 34 = 9190 kBytes (25) or less. Considering margins in various places, the actual maximum allowable size is 1/4 of equation (25), which is 23.
00 kBytes or less is desirable. When the above conditions are satisfied, the access to the next recording area in the contiguous data area only needs to take into account the fine access time 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1346, and the fine access time 1343 required for one access. Is JATa, the rotation waiting time 1346 is MWTa, and Contiguous Dat
Existing PC file 3582 in a Area and former Linear R
The total number of defective areas 3586 subjected to eplacement processing is Npc.
Then, the total access time Tpc required to avoid the above area is Tpc = Npc × (JATa + MWTa) (26). Taking this time into consideration, the equation (22) is transformed into CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip + Tpc) / (PTR-STR) (27).

Using the values of (10), (13), and (15), when (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 20%, CD
When AS ≧ 6.5 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, CD
When AS ≧ 5.9 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, CD
When AS ≧ 5.7 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, CD
When AS ≧ 5.6 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, CD
AS ≧ 5.5 MBytes. Equation (27) and (26)
From the equation, Npc ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tskip} / (JATa + MWTa) (28) From Equations (27) and (21), Lskip ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR -STR) / (STR * PTR)]-Ta-Tpc} * PTR (29) can be derived. (28), (10), (13),
Each value of equation (15) and MWTa 18ms, JA
When Ta 5 ms is used, (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 6 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, and when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 3 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, When Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 1 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, and when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 0. Also, (29), (10), (13), (1
Using each value of equation 5), (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 1
Lskip ≦ 208 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 5% when 0% and Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 104 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 3% when Tpc = 0, and Lskip ≦ 62 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) when Tpc = 0 ) / Ta = 1% and Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 0 kBytes.

The above description has been made with reference to FIG. 30 as a conceptual diagram of an AV information recording system.

When examining the basic concept, there is no problem in FIG. 30, but the system conceptual model of the recording system shown in FIG. 44 is used for more detailed examination.

When recording with the PC system shown in FIG.
The AV information input from the outside is converted into a digital compressed signal via the MPEG god 134, temporarily recorded in the main memory 112, and transferred to the information recording / reproducing device 140 side of FIG. 7 under the control of the main CPU 111. R. The information recording / reproducing device 140 also has a buffer memory 219, and the transferred digital AV information is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219.

A concrete flow of information will be described with reference to FIG. The video information 3301 stored in the main memory 112 on the PC side shown in FIG. 44 is written by the conventional method.
It is transferred to the information recording / reproducing device 140 side together with the command. In the WRITE command in this conventional method, the LBN indicating the recording start position and the data size to be transferred are specified. The transferred video information is temporarily stored in the free area 3311 in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, which has not been transferred yet, and then the recording location by the first WRITE Command on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 45 (B). 3327. By the next WRITE command, the video information is temporarily stored in the video information 3315 area to be recorded in the information storage medium in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and the recording work in the unrecorded area 3324 on the information storage medium is started. Figure 45 (c)
If a defective area 3330 occurs on the way like
As a result of the ng replacement processing, a part of the video information 3315 scheduled to be recorded does not fit within the predetermined range (the range of the unrecorded area 3324) on the information storage medium, and the overflow information 3
When 321 occurs, the information recording / reproducing apparatus interrupts the recording process.

As described above, with the conventional WRITE command which gives only the LBN indicating the recording start position and the transfer information size, the recording process is interrupted if the Skipping Replacement process described in the present invention is performed.

[0515] A method of the present invention that enables continuous recording of AV information for a long period of time without interruption even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium will be described below.

A major feature of the AV information recording method of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 46, * a step of judging whether or not a file to be recorded is an AV file (ST01) * a video information recording place on the information storage medium. Step of setting in advance (ST02) * Step of recording AV information on the information storage medium (ST
03) * A step of recording the information arrangement information actually recorded on the information storage medium in the management area on the information storage medium (ST0
4). This process is mainly done by FileSyst
The em2 side plays a central role in controlling.

FIG. 47 shows the details of step ST01 of FIG. 46, and FIG. 48 shows step ST02 of FIG.
49, and FIG. 49 shows the details of step ST03 of FIG. 46. FIG. 50 shows the details of step ST04 of FIG. 46 in more detail.

[0518] For all processes on the information storage medium such as information recording, information reproduction, and partial deletion of information in the AV file, after the recording / playback application 1 in FIG. 6 instructs the File System 2 in the OS to outline the processing, It will be started for the first time. File
The outline content of the processing shown for System2 is the recording / playback application 1
It is notified by issuing SDK API Command 4 from the side. When the SDK API Command 4 is received, the contents of the instruction are specifically shredded on the File System 2 side, and the DDK Interface Command 5 is issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 to execute a specific process.

Embodiments of the present invention LBN / UDF, LBN
API required to enable the processing shown in FIG. 46 in / XXX (SDK API Comman
d4) is shown in FIG.

The partial content addition portion and the new command portion within the command type 3405 in FIG. 51 are within the scope of the present invention.
A series of processing methods performed by the recording / playback application 1 side using the API command will be described below.

<AV Information Recording Process> 1st STEP: Recording start and the attribute of the target file (AV file or PC file) are notified to the OS side by Create File Command.

2nd STEP: Set Unrecorded A
The expected maximum size of AV information to be recorded on the information storage medium is designated by rea Commend. 3rd STEP: The AV information transfer process is notified to the OS / File System by Write File Command (issues a command to the OS a plurality of times).

4th STEP: When a series of AV information recording processing is completed and the AV information size to be recorded at a later date is known, Set Unrecorded Area Command
It is also possible to secure the area for recording the AV information next time in advance by issuing ".

In the information storage medium of the present invention, both AV information and PC information can be recorded on the same information storage medium. Therefore, the PC information may be recorded in the empty area before the next AV information is recorded, and the empty area may be exhausted at the next AV information recording.

In order to prevent this, a large size unused area can be set in the AV file to make advance reservation for the next AV information recording location. (This 4th STEP may not be executed in some cases.) 5th STEP: A Close File Command is used to notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of recording processes. * Write File Command other than adding the AV file attribute flag to Create File Command. , Close H
The conventional command for recording PC information is also used as andle Command as it is. By doing so, it is not necessary to change the program due to the change of the video information recording method in the upper layer near the API interface in the OS, which is internally hierarchized, and the existing OS software can be used as it is in the upper layer. I am trying. O in the lower layer near the information recording / reproducing device
On the File System side belonging to the S portion, the File System side independently judges whether the target file is an AV file or a PC file by the method shown in FIG. 47, and selects a use command for the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

* All recording location addresses are AV
Set with Address.

<AV / PC Information Reproduction Processing> 1st STEP: Notify the OS side of reproduction start by Create File Command 2nd STEP: Read File Command (issue a command to the OS multiple times) to perform a series of reproduction processing Instruction 3rd STEP: A Close Handle Command is used to notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of playback processes * The playback process is the same for both AV and PC files.

* Playback address is all AV
Set with Address.

<Partial deletion process in AV file> 1
st STEP: The file name to be partially deleted is notified to the OS side by Create File Command.

2nd STEP: Delete Part Of
Use File Command to instruct deletion processing within the specified range.

[0531] In the Delete Part Of File Command, the AV Address to start the deletion and the data size to be deleted are specified by the parameters.

[0532] 3rd STEP: Close Handle Com
OS / File System to end a series of playback process by mand
Notify the side.

<Inquiry about size of unrecorded area in which AV information can be recorded on information storage medium> 1st STE
P: AV by Get AV Free Space Size Command
Queries the size of the unrecorded area where information can be recorded. * Only by issuing the Get AV Free Space Size Command to the OS side, the OS side can obtain the answer of the unrecorded area size.

<Defragmentation (Defragment
ation) processing> 1st STEP: O defragmentation processing for AV files is performed by AV Defragmentation Command.
Instruct the S side.

* AV Defragmentation Command can perform defragmentation processing for AV files by itself.

* Specific processing methods for AV Defragmentation Command are scattered on the information storage medium.
File information with a small Extent size is moved for each Extent, and the Contiguous Data Area in the unrecorded area
Perform processing to increase the secured space.

[0537] The DDK Interface Command issued by the File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side after the above-mentioned SDK API Command 4 is concretely crushed.
A list of No. 5 is shown in FIG. The commands other than READ Command are commands newly presented in the present invention or commands obtained by partially modifying existing commands.

[0538] The information recording / reproducing apparatus is, for example, IEEE139.
4 and the like, and at the same time, information transfer processing is performed between a plurality of devices. In the explanatory views of FIGS. 6 and 7, the information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140 are connected to only one main CPU 111. On the other hand, when connected to IEEE 1394 or the like, it is connected to the main CPU of each device.
Therefore, Slot_ID, which is the identification information for each device, is used so that other information is not transferred to another device by mistake.
This Slot_ID is issued on the side of the information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140. GET FREE SLOT_ID Command is File System 2
It is issued by the side, AV WRITE as a parameter
The start flag and the AV WRITE end flag are used to declare the start and end of the AV information, and at the time of the AV information start declaration, an instruction to issue a Slot_ID is issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

[0539] The recording start position in AV WRITE Command is the current position (previous AV WRITE Command
Then, the next AV information is recorded from the LBN position where the recording is completed in step (4). Each AV WRITE
An AV WRITE number is set in Command, and an already issued AV WRITE recorded in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus as a command cache.
Use this AV WRITE number for Command
Issue cancellation processing can be performed using the ISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command.

As shown in FIG. 31, proper processing can be performed on the File System 2 side before the temporary storage amount of AV information in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated.
GETWRITE STATUS Command exists. This GET WRIT
The status in the buffer memory 219 can be grasped on the File System 2 side by replying the margin amount in the buffer memory 219 as the return value 3344 of the E STATUS Command.
In the embodiment of the present invention, one contiguous when no defect is present
AV information for the recorded data in the Data Area is AV WRITE Comm.
This GET WRITE STATUS Comma every time you issue with and
nd is inserted, and the survey target size and the survey start LBN, which are command parameters 3343 in the GET WRITE STATUS Command, are matched with the target contiguous data area. Further, the GET WRITE STATUS Command is provided with the return value 3344 as the value of the ECC block head LBN of the defective area found within the target range, so the Extent setting after recording AV information (ST4-04 in FIG. 50). To use this information.

[0541] SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP
Command is a command that gives advance notice to the information recording / reproducing apparatus as LBN information of all planned recording locations before recording AV information. The number of Extents at the planned recording location, each Extent start position (LBN), and Extent size are used as command parameters. To have. The scheduled recording location on this information storage medium is the return value 3344 of the GET PERFORMANCE Command issued earlier.
Is set based on the Zone boundary position information and the DMA information after LBN conversion.

The detailed processing method in each step shown in FIG. 46 will be further described below.

The identification information of the AV file is the FileEntry 3520 as shown in FIG. 23 or FIG.
Flags field in IC in ICB Tag 418
An AV file identification flag 3362 is set in the BTag 3361. By setting this flag to "1", it is possible to identify whether the file is an AV file.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24 or 54 (d), File Identifier De
AV file identification flag 3364 in scriptor 3364
It is also possible to set.

FIG. 47 shows a concrete flowchart of the step of identifying whether the file is an AV file shown in ST01 of FIG.

[0546] Create File Comman from recording / playback application 1 side
The process starts only after d is issued. The method of identifying an AV file differs depending on the conditions. * Create File Command when creating a new AV file
Identified by using the AV file attribute flag in *, and when AV information is added to an already existing AV file, the file already recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 53 or 54. The AV file is identified using the attribute flag of.

By using this method, it is not necessary to manage the attributes (AV file or PC file) of each file on the application program 1 side (File System
(2 side automatically determines and switches the recording processing method)
There is an effect.

By adopting such a method, when the corresponding file is a PC file, the conventional WRITE Comma
nd, Linear Replacement processing is performed, and in the case of an AV file, AV WRITE Command, Skipping Replacem
Perform ent processing.

[0549] On the recording / playback application 1 side, Create File Comm
After and is issued, the expected maximum value of the AV information recording scheduled size is set, and Set Unrecorded Area Command is issued. Based on the specified information, the defect distribution obtained by the GET PERFORMANCE Command, and the Zone boundary position information, the Contiguous Data Area is set according to the maximum information size to be recorded.
Set. When the embodiment of LBN / XXX is used, equations (27) and (28) are used as the setting conditions.

[0550] Based on the result, the corresponding AV file
The AllocationDescriptors information in File Entry is recorded in advance (ST2-07). By passing through this step, a) When connected to, for example, IEEE 1394 or the like and simultaneously recorded with a plurality of devices in parallel, it is possible to prevent other information from being recorded at the planned recording position.

B) Even if recording is interrupted due to a power failure or the like during continuous recording of AV information, the information up to immediately before the interruption can be saved by tracing the planned recording position in sequence after restart.

Advantages (effects) such as the above can be obtained. Then SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command
Then, the information recording / reproducing apparatus is notified of the planned recording position information (ST2-08). By this advance notification, the information recording / reproducing apparatus knows in advance the recording position and recording order on the information storage medium.
Even if skipping replacement processing occurs frequently, continuous recording can be continued without stopping the recording processing.

Details of the AV information continuous recording step shown in step ST03 of FIG. 46 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 38, Information Lengt
The recording start position in the AV file is confirmed in advance using the h3517 information (ST03-01). When the Write File Command is issued from the recording / playback application 1 (ST
3-02) GET with AV WRITE start flag set
A FREE SLOT_ID Command is issued to cause the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 to issue a SLOT_ID (ST3-03).

FIG. 55 schematically shows the continuous recording processing method after ST3-04. The video information # 1, # 2, # 3 stored in the main memory by the AV WRITE Command is periodically transferred to the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Buffer memory 219 of information recording / reproducing apparatus
The video information stored inside is recorded on the information storage medium via the optical head 202. If a defective area 3351 occurs on the information storage medium 201, Skipping Replacemen
However, since no video information is recorded on the information storage medium 201 during this time, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus increases. File System 2 side regularly GET WRITE ST
The ATUS Command is issued and the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is monitored. If the amount of temporarily stored video information is likely to be saturated, File System
Side, 1) issue DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command and cancel a part of the command cache in the information recording / reproducing device, 2) limit (reduce) the amount of video information transferred to the information recording / reproducing device side by the next AV WRITE Command ) Yes, 3) Next AV WRITE C issued to the information recording / reproducing device side
The issuing time until the ommand is delayed, and waits until the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus becomes small.

The above contents will be described using a concrete example as shown in FIGS. 56 to 6
3 shows the transition of the recording information in each of three stages. The first stage is a PC side memory, the second stage is an information recording / reproducing device memory, and the third stage is a recording position on an information recording medium.

56 corresponding to ST2-08 in FIG.
Circle 1 SEND PRESETEXTENT ALLOCATION in (A)
MAP Command is issued. As shown in Fig. 52, this command uses Extent as a command parameter.
Since the head position information and the Extent size information are set, in the example of FIG. 56 (A), the head position LBN of Extent = CDA "a", "d", "g" ... Exte
nt = CDA size "ca" and "fd"
... is attached. In addition, the circles 2 and 3 are recorded so that the video information is recorded twice on CDA # 1.
AV WRITE Command is issued. Next, CDA #
In order to grasp the recording status in 1, circled 4 GET WRITE
Issuing a STATUS Command.

[0558] In order to specify the survey target in GET WRITE STATUS Command to CDA # 1, "a" is set as the start LBN of the survey target range which is the setting value of the parameter, and "c-a" is set as the survey target range. The value is set. Similarly, since the video information is recorded twice on CDA # 2, the AV WRITE Command indicated by circles 5 and 6 is recorded.
Is issued. Then, next, to confirm the recording status of CDA # 2, GET WRITE STATUS Comman circle 7 is displayed.
Issuing d.

[0559] This command is sent to the information recording / reproducing apparatus side at once to cause the command cache (ST3- of FIG. 49).
05). When there is no defect in the unused state place 3371 on the information storage medium shown in FIG. 57 (B), the record information α3361 on the information storage medium is recorded as shown in FIG. 58 (C). Next, as shown in FIG. 59D, the defect area 337 is formed.
When 5 occurs, Skipping Replacement processing is performed and some video information to be recorded in CDA # 1 protrudes, but SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION in advance.
Since the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side knows the place to record next by MAP Command, the overflow information is shift information β3.
Is recorded at the location of 3371. Defect area 3 above
For information about 375, see GET WRITE STATUS with circle 4.
The return value 3344 of Command is notified to the File System 2 side (see ST3-05 in FIG. 49, FIG. 56, and FIG. 60). Information recording / reproducing device (OD
D) It is judged whether the buffer memory 219 in 3 is likely to overflow (ST3-06 in FIG. 49). And ST3 of FIG. 49
As a specific method shown in FIG. 07, a circle 9 in FIG.
AV WRITE Command (circle 8) is a recording command related to the video information to be recorded in CDA # 3 by the DELETE PROCEDING COMMAND Command shown in
To cancel the AV WRITE Command (Fig. 6)
0) issues a command that limits (reduces) the amount of video information to be transferred.

Since the feedback to CDA # 2 is not in time, the recording process on the information storage medium as originally planned is executed as shown in FIG. 61 (F).

Used here as shown in FIG. 62 (G).
It is assumed that the recording start position in AV WRITE Command is not the current position but the recording start position is specified on the File System 2 side. Even in this case, due to the defective area found during the preceding video information recording, the File System
The recording start position specified on the 2 side and the actual recording start position are allowed to be significantly deviated.

[0562] When the series of recording processes is completed, the recording / playback application 1
GET FR with AV WRITE end flag added, triggered by Close Handle Command issued from
The EESLOT_ID Command is issued from File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side. Although not shown when the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 receives this command, the defect information found during the series of recording processes is transmitted to the TDL 34 of FIG. 34 (e).
Append to 14.

[0563] Set Unrecorded Area Com specified from the recording / playback application 1 side as post-processing for recording video information
The unused area size to be left in the AV file is determined based on the mand information (ST4-03 in FIG. 50).
Length 3517 rewriting process (ST4-05) and final Extent information rewriting process (ST4-0)
4) and rewriting the setting information regarding UDF.

A procedure for reproducing the video information in the AV file will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in Fig. 6, * In the recording / playback application 1, AV is used as address information to be managed.
Address is used, and SDK API Command 4 issued to File System 2 is also used to set an address using AV Address.

* In File System 2, LBN (in some cases, LSN) is used as address information to be managed,
Issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 DDK Interf
Address setting is also done using LBN in ace Command 5.

* The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 uses the PSN to manage addresses.

It has a mechanism called. Therefore, the place to play on the recording / playback application 1 is decided, and the Read File Comm
Issuing and causes "AV Addre" in File System 2.
ss → LBN conversion ”(ST06 in FIG. 64) and“ LBN → PSN conversion ”(ST0 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3).
Perform 7).

As shown in FIG. 65, the method of partially erasing the AV file is recorded on the information recording medium A.
File System 2 without any action on V information
Rewriting the above File Entry information (ST0 in FIG. 65)
9) and the process of changing the information about UDF. Then, in order to register the partially erased area as an unrecorded area, Unallocated Space which is unrecorded area information on the UDF.
Table 452 or Unallocated Space Bitmap4
The partial erase location is added to the 35 information (ST1
0). Finally, the management information rewriting process for the recorded video management data file is performed (ST11).

As another embodiment of the present invention, a method of recording / managing defect management information and unused area information by combining the above methods will be described.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 66, Contiguous Data
Since a small amount of data, VOB # 2 3618, was additionally recorded in Area # β 3602, Contiguous
Unused area due to lack of data area # β 3602
Extent 3613 is set. Next time AV File 3
When video information or AV information is additionally recorded to 620, recording is started from the head position of the unused area Extent 3613 (h + g in LBN, k + g in PSN).

Although not shown, VOB # 1 361 has been used in the past.
7 and VOB # 2 3618, VOB # 3 is Contig
Continuous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Da
It existed in the form of a part of taArea # β 3602. Contiguous Da due to partial erasure of VOB # 3
ta Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Data Area
The process described in FIG. 40 is performed on the part of VOB # 3 that crosses # β 3602, and the unused area Extent 36
11 and unused area Extent 3612 in File System
Set on the 2 side. Also, when recording VOB # 1, a defect was found in ECC block units in the range of LBN from "h + a" to "h + b-1". It was set as a region Extent 3609. In this way Contiguous Data Area #
α 3601 and Contiguous Data Area # β 360
The recording area Extent 3605 and the defective area Exte
nt 3609, recording area Extent 3606, unused area Extent 3611, unused area Extent 361
2, recording area Extent 3607, unused area Extent
3613 are lined up, but they are all AV File 3620
Alloc in the File Entry of AV File 3620 as described in the lower part of FIG. 66.
All Extents are registered as ation Descriptors.

[0572] In particular, as a major feature in Fig. 66, Tertiary Defect Map (TD) in the defect management information area (DMA) is
M) The defect management table does not have an independent collection of defect management tables such as 3472, and only defect area Extent 3609 information registered in File Entry is defect management information. AV File 3620 File Entry A
The attribute identification information of each Extent in the llocation Descriptors is Implementation Use 3 shown in Fig. 67 (f).
It is recorded in 528. That is, in FIG. 67, Allo
Long Allocat as a description method of cation Descriptors
Implementation based on the description method of ion Descriptor
When the value of Use 3528 is “0h”, it means “Extent of recording area”, when it is “Ah”, it means “Extent of unused area”, and when it is “Fh”, it means “of defective area”.
Extent ”is meant. Implementation Use 3528 is described by 6 bytes in the official UDF standard, but in FIG. 67, only the lower 4 bits are expressed for simplification of the description. At 66, LBN and PSN are set for both the defective area and the unused area, and LBN and PSN are all values that have been translated, that is, where there is no jump of LBN with respect to PSN as a result of Linear Replacement processing. The present invention is characterized in that the recording area Extent 3
A only where 605, 3606 and 3607 exist
V Address is given. This AV Address is described in the File Entry for all sectors except the defective area Extent 3609 and unused areas Extents 3611, 3612, 3613 in the AVFile 3620.
The numbers are set in order according to the description order of Allocation Descriptors. That is, recording area Ex
The LBN of the first sector of the tent 3605 is “h
, PSN is "k", and AV Address is "
The LBN of the first sector of the recording area Extent 3607 is set to “h + f”, the PSN is set to “k + f”, and the AV Address is set to “a + cb”.

ECC for DVD-RAM discs
Information is recorded in block 502 units. Therefore, in FIG. 66 of the embodiment of the present invention, the file system 2 is properly managed so that the data is recorded in ECC block units.
That is, the File System 2 controls so that the ECC block unit recording can be performed by the Extent setting. More specifically, “a”, “b”, “d”, and “e” in FIG. 66 will be described.
All "j" are set to be "multiples of 16", and Co
ntiguous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous
The start position of the Data Area # β 3602 is set to be the start position in the ECC block, and the end position is set to be the end position in the ECC block.

Since the defect area is subjected to defect processing in units of ECC blocks, the start and end positions of the defect area Extent 3609 coincide with the start and end positions in the ECC block. Individual VOB # 1 3616, 361 in FIG.
7 and VOB # 2 3618 size do not necessarily have to be recorded in units of 16 sectors, and VOB # 1 361
Partial EC for 6,3617 and VOB # 2 3618
The area outside the C block is an unused area Extent 36
It is corrected in 11, 3612 and 3613 sizes.

The recording method of video information or AV information in the embodiment shown in FIG. 66 employs the same recording method as in FIG. The only different part is the tertiary defect list in the DMA area in ST4-01 in FIG. 50; Tert.
Recording on the iary Defect List (TDL) 3414 becomes unnecessary and the Extent information in ST4-04 has a defect Exte.
nt 3609 and unused areas Extents 3611 and 361
2,3613 is added.

[0576] In the playback procedure, "AVAddress → L
BN conversion → PSN conversion is performed, but "AVAddr
Al in File Entry when ess → LBN conversion ”
The attribute of each Extent is detected from the location Descriptors, and only the recording areas Extent 3605, 3606, 3607 are targeted for reproduction (selection processing for the defect Extent 3609 and unused areas Extents 3611, 3612, 3613). There are features.

[0577] Also, in the case of partial erasure processing in the file, AV
At the time of rewriting the Extent information in the File Entry of the file (ST09), it is necessary to appropriately insert the unused area Extent in consideration of the Contiguous Data Area size and the ECC block boundary area location.

The features of the system of the present invention described above are summarized as follows.

1. <Set a logical address for the defective area on the information storage medium and avoid the defective area.
Setting tent> As shown in FIG. 33 (γ), the first area in which the user can record means the User Area 723.
A PSN: Physical Sector Number, which is a physical address indicating a physical position on the information storage medium in 723;
LBN: Logical Block Numb, which is a logical address for logically managing information recorded on an information storage medium
Set er. Further, as shown in FIG. 29 (a), Extent is a unit in which information is continuously recorded on the logical address space LBN space (in which the logical address numbers (LBN) are consecutive). Called Extent
# Α 3166, Extent # γ 3168, Extent
VOB # 2 3162, VO on each chunk of # α 3166
Information of B # 1 3161 is recorded.

When information is recorded on the information storage medium, as shown in FIG. 36 (γ), a logical address is set also for a defective area 3452 which is a non-recorded location 3458 (giving a logical address number (LBN)). Then, after the information is recorded on the information storage medium, as shown in FIG. 41, Exte between the information recording areas 3563 and 3564 and the defective area 3566 is performed.
The location where the above information was recorded 3563, 35
Extent # 1 35 which is an information recording Extent with only 62
71, Extent # 2 3572, Extent # 3 357
Form 3 alone. In addition, only the information recording Extent should be registered in the File Entry.

By thus setting the logical address (LBN) for the defective area 3452, the File System
It is possible to set the Extent while avoiding the defect area 3452 above. Linear Replac as shown in Figure 33 (β)
When the ement process is performed, the location of the defect area 3455 is not known on the File System 2 side, so File System 2
Even if continuous access to the logical address on the second side (for example, continuous access from LBN “a” to “a + 47” in FIG. 33 (β)) is performed, the optical head is not
As a result of making a round trip to the e Area 724, it takes access time. On the other hand, since the logical address (LBN) is set in the defective area 3452 as in the present invention of FIG. 33 (γ), the processing for recommending the access count of the optical head can be performed on the File System 2 side.

Also, the defect area 3566 was avoided and set.
Since Extent is set on File Entry, F
On the ile System 2 side, the defect management information (T
As shown in FIG. 41 (d), it is possible to directly access the place to be reproduced according to the information recorded in File Entry without referring to DM3472).
Processing on em2 can be done easily.

2. <For defective areas when recording AV information
Perform skipping and avoid defective areas after recording
Set Extent> When recording information, as shown in FIG. 36 (γ), avoid the defective area 3452 on the information storage medium and record from next.
Perform Skipping Replacement processing, and execute ST0 in FIG.
4. As shown in ST4-04 of FIG. 50, Extent is set while avoiding the defective area after recording is completed.

[0584] File recording location and file entry
The places where the information is recorded are distant on the information storage medium. Therefore, if the Extent arrangement information is recorded every time a little image information is recorded, the optical head access process is required each time. On the other hand, as in the present invention, when the Extent arrangement information is temporarily stored in the semiconductor memory 219 of FIG. 2 and the File Entry information is collectively rewritten after the recording of the entire video information is completed, the access frequency of the optical head is reduced,
Continuous recording of video information becomes easy.

3. <Contiguous Data Area across the defective area and the existing file recording area
The optical head in the claim corresponds to the optical head 202, and the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 corresponds to the optical head moving mechanism for moving the optical head with respect to the information storage medium. The control unit in the inside corresponds to the control unit 220 shown in FIG.

[0586] RWVIDEO.VOB and RWPICTURE.P shown in FIG.
Information is recorded for each file such as OB and RWAUDIO.AOB. Further, as shown in FIG. 38, Contiguous Data Ar
The file unit is configured as an aggregate of ea units.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1D, a unit of Contiguous Data Area is set across either one of another file recording area already recorded on the information storage medium or a defective area on the information storage medium. is doing.

Extent # 1 3571, # 2 3572, # 3 avoiding the defective area 3566 as shown in FIG.
If 3573 is set, the defective area 356 is set after the setting.
Linear Relocation at the LBN address location assigned to 6
There is a case where the PC file is inserted by performing placement processing. When defective areas occur frequently on the information storage medium, there is a high possibility that PC files are scattered and recorded in such defective areas. As a setting condition of the Contiguous Data Area, "Addresses in the Contiguous Data Area are always continuous.
Cannot set Data Area ”and Congiguous Data
When the Area setting condition is defined, the PC file has already been entered, so Extent # 1 35 in FIG.
No. 71, # 2 3572, # 3 3573 is deleted and the AV data is recorded again, the Contiguous Data Ar
It becomes impossible to secure ea.

By adopting the contiguous data area setting method of the present invention, the linear repl
Even if a PC file that has undergone acement processing is imported, E
After deleting the xtent, the Congiguous Data Area can be set again, and the recording area on the information storage medium can be effectively used.

4.5.6. By limiting the numerical value of *, stable recording condition can be secured * By stabilizing the continuous size of Skipping Replacement, the recording process can be stabilized.

[0591]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, even if a large number of defective areas are present on the information storage medium, the continuous recording can be stably performed without being affected. An object of the present invention is to provide a setting method, a recording method, and an information recording / reproducing apparatus for performing the method. An information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording described above.
Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a continuous data area setting method and an extent pre-setting method before recording according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an information recording / reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration inside an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a logical block number setting operation in an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a defective portion processing operation in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the hierarchical structure of program software on the personal computer and the address space used in the writing hierarchy when recording / reproducing processing of video information is performed on the personal computer using the recording / reproducing application software.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a personal computer.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a layout of general recording contents in a DVD-RAM disc.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-in area in a DVD-RAM disc.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-out area in a DVD-RAM disc.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between physical sector numbers and logical sector numbers.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a signal structure in a sector recorded in a data area.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a recording unit of information recorded in a data area.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between zones and groups in a data area.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a logical sector setting method for a DVD-RAM disc.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a replacement processing method for a defective area in a data area.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example in which a file system is recorded on an information storage medium according to UDF.

FIG. 18 is a view showing a sequel to FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a diagram simply showing a basic relationship between the structure of a hierarchical file system and the information content recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a long allocation descriptor.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a short allocation descriptor.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of description contents of an unspaced space entry.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the description contents of a file entry.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the description contents of a file identification descriptor.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a file system structure.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure on an information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an AV file recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of a directory structure of data files in a data area.

[Fig. 29] Logical block number and AV in an AV file
The figure which shows the relationship with an address.

FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system shown to explain the continuity of recording signals.

FIG. 31 is a state explanatory view of the amount of information stored in the semiconductor memory when the access frequency is highest in the recording system.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram of the amount of information stored in the semiconductor memory when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced in the recording system.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram for comparison between the picking replacement and the linear replacement when the information recording / reproducing device manages the defect management information.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the file system 2 in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram for comparison between the picking replacement and the linear replacement when they are managed based on the defect management information of FIG. 35.

FIG. 37 is a diagram shown for explaining another example of the case where the file system 2 manages defect management information.

FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram of additional recorded video information and unused areas in the continuous day area according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram of a recording location of an information length designated for each file and an attribute description location for each extent.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram related to a method of partially deleting an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method avoiding a defective area in an example according to the invention.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a recording method that avoids a defective area in an example according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method including a defective area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a diagram illustrating a problem of a write command.

FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an outline of a procedure for recording video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a diagram showing details of step ST01 in FIG. 46.

48 is a diagram showing details of step ST02 in FIG. 46.

FIG. 49 is a diagram showing details of step ST03 in FIG. 46.

FIG. 50 is a diagram showing details of step ST04 in FIG. 46.

FIG. 51 is a diagram showing the contents of various API commands used when recording video information in the embodiment of the present invention.

52 is an explanatory diagram showing commands to the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 53 is an explanatory view showing a portion where AV file identification information according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 54 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a portion where AV file identification information according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 55 is a conceptual diagram shown for explaining a continuous recording method of video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 58 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 59 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 60 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 61 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 62 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 63 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a diagram showing a procedure for reproducing video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a diagram showing a procedure of partial erasure in an AV file according to the present invention.

FIG. 66 is an explanatory diagram of a video information recording method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 67 is an Extent according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Explanatory drawing of the attribute identification information recording method.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 ... Optical disc, 1004 ... Data area, 723
... user area, 724 ... spare area, 3443, 3
444 ... Recording area, 3452 ... Defective area, 3456 ... Alternative area, 3459 ... Non-recording area.

Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G11B 20/10 G11B 27/00 G06F 3/06

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for recording information on an information recording medium , wherein the information recording medium is defect management information for defect area information.
File management information in which the area is set and file entry information is recorded
The area is set, and a space view for managing the unrecorded area of the information recording medium.
Of the AV file that stores the audio or video data in which the area of the output map is set .
The area for the AV data physically points to each extent.
Set in the video object area where
And controls the reproduction order of the scattered AV data.
An area for troll information is set in the control information area.
The file entry information is set to the extent
Contains a data allocation descriptor and
Set location and allow skipping within
A consistent data area to accommodate
Cage, said containment Gyua scan data area includes a defect area
The size of the total amount of the defective area contained inside
The lower limit of the size can be changed according to the size of the file entry information.
The defect area information is referenced from the defect management information area.
And the unrecorded area by referring to the information in the space bitmap.
If you set the area to be recorded in the unrecorded area
The continuous data area is the defective area.
Including the defective area indicated by the information and said size
Adjusted and set the Contiguous Data Area
Steps and the previous for the configured continuous data area
Steps to set extents while avoiding defective areas
And a space for recording the AV data in the extent portion.
An information recording method characterized by comprising a step . 2. The defect area information is the information recording medium.
The information recording method according to claim 1, wherein the information recording method is secured in a recording area of the defect list . 3. The AV data recorded according to claim 1.
Data, defect area information, file entry information and
An information recording medium on which control information is recorded . 4. A recording medium obtained according to claim 3.
Defect area information, file entry information and control
An information recording medium reproducing apparatus for reproducing roll information and AV data . 5. A method of recording information on an information recording medium , wherein the information recording medium is defect management information for defect area information.
File management information in which the area is set and file entry information is recorded
The area is set, and a space view for managing the unrecorded area of the information recording medium.
Of the AV file that stores the audio or video data in which the area of the output map is set .
The area for the AV data physically points to each extent.
Set in the video object area where
And controls the reproduction order of the scattered AV data.
An area for troll information is set in the control information area.
The file entry information is set to the extent
Contains a data allocation descriptor and
Set location and allow skipping within
A consistent data area to accommodate
Cage, said containment Gyua scan data area includes a defect area
The size of the total amount of the defective area contained inside
The lower limit of the size can be changed according to the size of the file entry information.
The defect area information is referenced from the defect management information area.
And the unrecorded area by referring to the information in the space bitmap.
If you set the area to be recorded in the unrecorded area
The continuous data area is the defective area.
Including the defective area indicated by the information and said size
Adjusted and set the Contiguous Data Area
Steps and the previous for the configured continuous data area
Set the extent of unused area avoiding the defective area
And the information indicating the information length,
Searching for unused areas in the AV file
And the AV data in the extent portion of the unused area.
And a step of recording the information.