JP3376362B2 - Information recording method and medium, reproducing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention enables an information recording method for continuously recording information such as video information and / or audio information on an information information storage medium without logically interrupting it, and a recording method thereof. Information recording / reproducing apparatus.
The present invention also includes the contents relating to the information storage medium having the data structure for continuously reproducing the information recorded based on the above recording method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art LDs (laser disks) and DVs are used as information storage media in which video information or audio information is recorded.
There are D-Video discs. However, the above information storage medium is for reproduction only, and there is no defective area on the information storage medium.

A DVD-RAM disk currently exists as a medium for recording computer information. This medium allows additional recording, and an alternative processing method for the defective area generated on the information storage medium has been established.

There is a so-called linear replacement process as a replacement process method for a defective area when computer information is recorded on a RAM disk.

In this process, when there is a defective area, an alternative area in a spare area (Spare Area) secured in another area physically separated from the user area (User Area) is secured, This is a method of setting a logical block number (LBN) here. In this method, when recording or reproducing information on a disc, if an optical head has a defective area in the middle of recording or reproducing on the disc, data is recorded in a spare area at a physically distant position or is recorded. After that, you have to return to the interrupted position and record the following data. For this reason, the movement of the optical head must be frequent (see FIG. 16D).

[0006]

[0007]

[0008]

Consider, for example, the case of recording video information or audio information according to the recording format of a DVD video disc on a DVD-RAM disc. As mentioned above, as a defect processing (alternative) method,
If the defective ECC block is encountered during recording when the linear replacement process is performed, the optical head needs to reciprocate between the User Area 723 and the Spare Area 724, which will be described later, each time. If the optical head is frequently accessed during recording in this way, the amount of video information stored in the buffer memory may change due to the transfer rate and amount of input data, the access time for recording, and the buffer memory capacity. Will exceed the memory capacity, making continuous recording impossible.

Also, the recording / playback application software 1
The layer wants to manage the video information to be recorded without being overwhelmed by the defect management on the information storage medium. However, when a large number of defective areas occur on the information storage medium, the conventional method uses the recording / playback application software. The influence of the defect on the information storage medium spreads to layer 1, and stable video information management becomes difficult.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a recording method capable of performing stable continuous recording and easily managed, and an information recording / reproducing apparatus for performing the recording method. Another object is to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

[0011]

The present invention provides AV data
And an information recording medium on which control information is recorded
The control information indicates the reproduction order of the AV data.
An AV for managing and storing the AV data
A file for managing the file and the recording position of the AV file.
File management information is defined and the file management
Information is a file entry for the AV file
This file entry information contains AV information.
File identification information and the files that make up the AV file.
Allocation description showing recording location information for each cust
Including the child, set the information processing method to the AV file
Application layer, file system layer, and information
The disc drive layer is set to control the recording / playback.
Address information for the information recording medium
The application layer addresses the AV address.
The file system layer is a logical block.
Address number and logical sector number as address information
However, the disk drive layer addresses the physical sector number.
The logical block number and the logical
The sector number and the logical sector number are associated with each other.
No. and the physical sector number are associated with each other,
The AV data in the file is stored in the information recording medium.
Each of the stents is physically scattered and recorded.
The file connects the scattered AV data and connects them continuously.
Is managed by the AV address and the destination of the AV file
Information recording medium with head set as AV address "0"
Is the basis.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows typical features of the present invention. In each figure, the reference numerals are written in the blocks for explanation.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 100 includes:
An area is secured in which information can be recorded when the disc is inserted into the recording device and the user performs a recording operation.
This area is called a user area (User Area). The disc 100 is provided with a lead-in area, a volume and file management information area, a data area, and a lead-out area. Although the details will be described later, the above user area is set in the data area, and the address management and processing method of this portion is a feature of the present invention.

First of all, a logical block number (LBN) is set in the entire recording area of the information storage medium.
And the LBN is assigned to both the defective area 3452 and the replacement area 3456 in this system. This allows defect management to be left to the file system (File System) 2 side instead of the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1, and the recording / playback application 1 can concentrate on image information management without being overwhelmed by defect management. become. PSN is a physical sector number, which is set over the entire disc.

2 and 3 show an AV for an information storage medium.
The following is a list of the contents that are necessary for recording information and can be expected to have the unique effects of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship among the applications, file systems, and ODDs classified in FIGS. Figure 4
Information recording / reproducing device (ODD: Optical Disk Driv
e) 3 is, for example, a personal computer (P
C) It is the same as the information recording / reproducing device 140 of the system. Further, programs of both the File System 2 and the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 in FIG. 4 are usually, for example, the HDD 121 in the PC system described later.
The file system 2 is stored in the main memory 11 when the personal computer system 110 is started.
2, and when the recording / playback application software program is used, the program of the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 is transferred to the main memory 112. Information processing in computer systems
The department in charge of recording and playing back information and
Application software (hereinafter referred to as recording / playback application) 1
Layer, File System 2 Layer
-Optical Disk Drive
ve; ODD) 3 layers and control hierarchy are divided.
Interfaces between the layers in Fig. 4 are interfaces.
The mand is defined. In addition, the
The dress is also different. In other words, the recording / playback application 1 uses AVAddress
File System 2 is based on AV Address
Logical sector number (LSN) or logical block number (LB
N), ODD3 uses logical sector number (LSN)
Physical sector number (PSN) based on physical block number (LBN)
It is supposed to be handled.

Here, the above PC system will be described with reference to FIG. This is because the object of the present invention is realized in a state in which all or a part of the constituent elements of the personal computer are used.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a personal computer system using the information reproducing apparatus.

5A: Explanation of the internal structure of a general personal computer system 110.

5A-1 ... Explanation of data / address lines directly connected to the main CPU.

The main CPU 111 in the personal computer 110 has a memory data line 114 for directly inputting / outputting information to / from the main memory 112 and a memory address line 113 for designating an address of information recorded in the main memory 112. Have, main memory 11
Main CPU 1 according to the program loaded in 2
The execution process of 11 proceeds. Further, the main CPU 111 is I /
Information is transferred to various controllers through the O data line 146, and the information transfer destination controller and the information content to be transferred are specified by the address designation of the I / O address line 145.

5A-2 ... Explanation of CRT display control and keyboard control.

The LCD controller 115 for controlling the display contents of the CRT display 116 exchanges information with the main CPU 111 via the memory data line 114. To achieve higher resolution and rich expression colors, C
Video RA as a memory dedicated to the RT display 116
It is equipped with M117. The LCD controller 115 is connected to the main memory 11 via the memory data line 114.
It is also possible to directly input information from 2 and display it on the CRT display 116.

The numeric keypad information input from the keyboard 119 is converted by the keyboard controller 118 and the I
Main CPU 111 via the / O data line 146
Entered in.

5A-3 ... Explanation of control system of built-in HDD / information reproducing apparatus.

A HDD 121, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD-, etc. built in the personal computer 110
An IDE interface is often used for the optical information reproducing device 122 such as a ROM drive. HDD
121 or reproduction information from the information reproduction device 122, or H
The recorded information to the DD 121 is the IDE controller 120.
Via the I / O data line 146.

Particularly when the HDD 121 is used as a boot disk, the personal computer system 11
At startup, the main CPU 111 accesses the HDD 121, and necessary information is transferred to the main memory 112.

6A-4 ... Explanation of serial / parallel interface with the outside.

Personal computer system 110
A serial line and a parallel line are prepared for information transfer with external devices.

A parallel I / F controller 123 for controlling a parallel line represented by "Centro" is used, for example, when the printer 124 or the scanner 125 is directly driven without going through a network. Scanner 1
The information transferred from 25 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the parallel I / F controller 123. The information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is transferred to the printer 124 via the parallel I / F controller 123.

For example, the information in the video RAM 117 displayed on the CRT display 116 and the main memory 1
When the specific information in 12 is printed out, after the information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the main CPU 111, the parallel I / F controller 1
The protocol is converted in 23 and output to the printer 124.

Regarding the serial information output to the outside, the information transferred by the I / O data line 146 is protocol-converted by the serial I / F controller 130 and output as, for example, an RS-232C signal e.

5A-5 ... Explanation of bus lines for function expansion.

Personal computer system 110
Has various bus lines for function expansion. Desktop personal computers often have a PCI bus 133 and an EISA bus 126 as bus lines. Each bus line is connected to the I / O data line 146 and the I / O address line 1 via the PCI bus controller 143 or the EISA bus controller 144.
It is connected to 45. Various boards connected to the bus line are dedicated boards for EISA bus 126 and PCI bus 13.
Divided into 3 dedicated boards. Relatively PCI bus 133
In the figure, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is large because the B. is suitable for high-speed transfer. However, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is not limited to this.
It is also possible to connect the AN board 139 and the SCSI board 138 to the EISA bus 126.

5A-6 ... Outlined function description of various boards connected to the bus line.

Sound Blaster Board 127: The sound signal input from the microphone 128 is converted into digital information by the Sound Blaster Board 127, and EISA
The main memory 112, the HDD 121, and the information recording / reproducing device 14 via the bus 126 and the I / O data line 146.
It is input to 0 and processed. If you want to listen to music or voice, the HDD 121, 141 or the information reproducing device 122,
When the user specifies the file name recorded in the information recording / reproducing device 140, the digital sound source signal is I / O
It is transferred to the sound blaster board 127 via the O data line 146 and the EISA bus 126, converted into an analog signal, and then output from the speaker 129.

Dedicated DSP 137: When it is desired to execute a certain special processing at high speed, the dedicated DSP 137 board for the processing can be connected to the bus line.

SCSI interface: A SCSI interface is often used for inputting / outputting information to / from an external storage device. Information input / output to / from an external storage device such as an information backup MT (magnetic tape) 142, an external stationary HDD 141, and an information recording / reproducing device 140.
The CSI format information is transferred to the PCI bus 133 or EI.
Protocol conversion for transfer to the SA bus 126 and transfer information format conversion are executed within the SCSI board 138.

Information-decompression / decompression-dedicated board: multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images is compressed to HD.
It is recorded in the D 121, 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140 (information reproducing device 122). The information recorded in the HDDs 121 and 141, the information recording / reproducing device 140, and the information reproducing device 122 is expanded and displayed on the CRT display 116, and the speaker 129 is driven. Also microphone 12
HDD1 by compressing information such as audio signals input from
21 and 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140.

Various dedicated boards are responsible for the compression / expansion function of this information.

The voice encoding / decoding board 136 compresses / decompresses music / voice signals, the MPEG board 134 compresses / decompresses moving images (video images), and the JPEG board 135 compresses / decompresses still images. Is going on.

5B ... Explanation of connection of personal computer to external network.

5B-1 ... Explanation of network connection using telephone line.

When it is desired to transfer information to the outside via the telephone line f, the modem 131 is used. That is, although not shown in the figure for making a telephone connection to a desired destination, NCU (Networ
k Control Unit) transmits the destination telephone number to the telephone exchange through the telephone line f. When the telephone line is connected,
The serial I / F controller 130 performs transfer information format conversion and protocol conversion on the information on the I / O data line 146, and the resulting RS-232C digital signal is converted into an analog signal by the modem 131. It is transferred to the telephone line f.

5B-2 ... Explanation of network connection using IEEE 1394.

If multimedia information such as voice, still image, and moving image is transferred to an external device (not shown), I
The EEE1394 interface is suitable.

If the necessary information cannot be sent for a moving image or voice within a fixed time, the motion of the image becomes jerky or the voice is interrupted. IEEE13 to solve the problem
In 94, an isochronous transfer method is adopted in which data transfer is completed every 125 μs. I
In EEE1394, mixing of this isochronous transfer and normal asynchronous transfer is allowed, but the upper limit of the maximum asynchronous transfer time of one cycle is 63.5 μs. This is because if this asynchronous transfer time is too long, isochronous transfer cannot be guaranteed. SCSI in IEEE1394
The command (instruction set) of can be used as it is.

The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 performs processing such as information format conversion for isochronous transfer, protocol conversion, and automatic topology setting such as node setting on the information transmitted through the PCI bus 133.

As described above, not only the information held in the personal computer system 110 is transferred to the outside as the IEEE 1394 signal g, but also the IEEE 1394 signal g sent from the outside is converted and transferred to the PCI bus 133. The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 also has a function.

5B-3 ... Explanation of network connection using LAN.

Although not shown, a LAN signal h is input and output through a LAN cable as a medium for local area information communication in a company, a government office, a school, or a specific area.

As a communication protocol using LAN, T
CP / IP, NetBEUI, and the like exist, and have a unique data packet structure (information format structure) according to various protocols. The LAN board 139 performs information format conversion for information transferred on the PCI bus 133 and communication procedure processing with the outside according to various protocols.
Do.

As an example, a procedure and an information transfer path when converting specific file information recorded in the HDD 121 into a LAN signal h and transferring the same to an external personal computer, EWS, or network server (not shown) explain. IDE controller 12
The file directory recorded in the HDD 121 is output under the control of 0, and the resulting file list is recorded in the main memory 112 by the main CPU 111 and displayed on the CRT display 116. When the user inputs the file name to be transferred by the keyboard 119, the content is recognized by the main CPU 111 via the keyboard controller 118. Main CPU1
When 11 notifies the IDE controller 120 of the file name to be transferred, the HDD determines the internal information recording location and accesses it, and the reproduction information is transferred to the IDE controller 120.
Via the I / O data line 146. I
After the file information is input to the PCI bus controller 143 from the / O data line 146, the PCI bus 13
3 is transferred to the LAN board 139. LAN
The board 139 establishes a session with the transfer destination by a series of communication procedures, then inputs file information from the PCI bus 133, converts it into a data packet structure according to the transmission protocol, and transfers it as a LAN signal h to the outside.

5C ... Explanation of information transfer from the information reproducing apparatus or the information storing / reproducing apparatus (optical disk apparatus).

5C-1 ... Explanation of standard interface and information transfer path.

An information reproducing device 122 or a DVD which is a reproduction-only optical disk device such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM.
-When the information recording / reproducing device 140, which is a recordable / reproducible optical disk such as RAM, PD, MO, etc., is used by incorporating it in the personal computer system 110, "IDE" and "SCSI" are used as standard interfaces.
There are "IEEE1394" and the like.

Generally, the PCI bus controller 14
3 and EISA bus controller 144 are internally DMA
have. Main CPU 111 controlled by DMA
Information can be directly transferred between each block without intervening.

For example, if the information of the information recording / reproducing device 140 is M
When transferring to the PEG board 134 Main CPU 111
The process from 1 is given a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143, and the information transfer management is left to the DMA in the PCI bus controller. As a result, during the actual information transfer, the main CPU can execute other processing in parallel without being disturbed by the information transfer processing.

Similarly, when transferring the information recorded in the information reproducing apparatus 122 to the HDD 141, the main CPU
111 is a PCI bus controller 143 or IDE
Sending a transfer command to the controller 120 allows DM in the PCI bus controller 143 to manage subsequent transfer processing.
It is left to the DMA in the A or IDE controller 120.

5C-2 ... Explanation of authentication function.

As described above, the information transfer processing relating to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 or the information reproducing apparatus 122 is performed as described above.
The DMA in the CI bus controller 143, the DMA in the EISA bus controller 144, or the DMA in the IDE controller 120 manages, but the actual transfer processing itself is the authentication that the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 has ( authentication) The functional unit is actually performing the transfer process.

DVD video, DVD-ROM, DVD-
In DVD systems such as R, video and audio bit streams are recorded in the MPEG2 Program stream format, and audio streams, video streams, sub-picture streams, private streams, and the like are recorded in a mixed manner. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 separates and extracts an audio stream, a video stream, a sub-picture stream, a private stream, etc. from a program stream (Program stream) at the time of reproducing information, and directly outputs audio through the PCI bus 133 without interposing the main CPU 111. The data is transferred to the encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134 or the JPEG board 135.

Similarly, the information reproducing apparatus 122 also separates and extracts a program stream (Program stream) reproduced from the information reproducing apparatus 122 into various stream information, and the individual stream information is passed through the I / O data line 146 and the PCI bus 133. Directly (without interposing the main CPU 111)
Speech encoding / decoding board 136, MPEG board 134
Alternatively, it is transferred to the JPEG board 135.

Information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 and information reproducing apparatus 1
Similarly to the voice coding / decoding unit 22, the voice coding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 itself has an authentication function internally. Prior to the information transfer, the information recording / reproducing device 140, the information reproducing device 122, the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG are transmitted via the PCI bus 133 (and the I / O data line 146).
The board 134 and the JPEG board 135 mutually authenticate each other. When the mutual authentication is completed, the video stream information reproduced by the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 is transferred only to the MPEG board 134. Similarly, the audio stream information is the audio encoding / decoding board 13
6 only. Still image stream is JPEG
The private stream and text information are sent to the board 135 and the main CPU 111.

FIG. 6 shows the classification of the embodiments of the present invention. There are nine types of embodiments of the present invention that realize the functions (effects) required for recording the AV information shown in FIGS. XX as a symbol for distinguishing the state of each embodiment,
XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-P
S, LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-PS, LB
N / UDF-CDAFi, LBN / XXX, LBN /
It shows XXX-PS. The figure summarizes and describes the characteristic functions of each embodiment.

There is a distinction between the case where the LBN is not set in the vertical direction of the left orchid and the case where it is set. In the horizontal direction of the uppermost column, the classification of the case where a spare spare area is not secured in advance when creating a contiguous data area and the case where it is secured are shown. It shows the management place and management method of the unused area of.

FIG. 7 summarizes the effects obtained when each of the embodiments is used.

In describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment will be described in which a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium and UDF is used as a file system.

First, a description will be given of a DVD-RAM disc on the premise before describing specific embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the layout of the outline recording contents in the DVD-RAM disc.

That is, the lead-in area 607 on the inner circumference side of the disk is an embossed data zone 6 having a light-reflecting surface having an uneven shape.
11. Mirror zone with a flat surface (mirror surface)
ne) 612 and a rewritable data zone 613 that is rewritable. Embo
The ssed data Zone 611 is a reference signal zone (Reference signal Zone) that represents a reference signal as shown in FIG.
e) 653 and Control data zone
ne) 655 and the Mirror Zone 612 includes a Connection Zone 657.

The Rewritable data Zone 613 is a disc test zone 658, a drive test zone 660, and a disc identification zone in which a disc ID (identifier) is indicated. 62
2 and defect management area management area (DMA1 and DM
A2) 663 is included.

The lead-out area (Le
As shown in FIG. 10, the ad-out area 609 includes a defect management area (DMA3 and DMA4) 691 and a disc identification zone (Disc) in which a disc ID (identifier) is indicated.
identification Zone) 692, Drive test Zone 6
Rewritable with 94 and Disk test Zone 695
It is composed of itable data Zone 645.

Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 6
Data Area 608 between 09 and 24 is a zone-shaped zone
00 (620) to Zone 23 (643). Each zone has a constant rotation speed, but different zones have different rotation speeds. Further, the number of sectors forming each zone also differs for each zone. Specifically, the rotation speed of Zone 00 (620) or the like on the inner circumference side of the disk is fast and the number of constituent sectors is small. On the other hand, the Zone 23 (643) on the outer peripheral side of the disk has a slow rotation speed and a large number of constituent sectors. With such a layout, high-speed accessibility like CAV is realized in each zone, and high-density recording like CLV is realized in the entire zone.

9 and 10 show the layout of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the detail of Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 609.

Control d of Embossed data Zone 611
In the ata Zone 655, a book type and part version 67 indicating the type (DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, etc.) of the applicable DVD standard and the part version is shown.
1 and the disk size and minimum read-out rate (Di
sc size and minimum read-out rate) 672,
Single layer ROM disc, Single layer RAM disc, Double layer ROM
Disc structure showing disc structure such as disc (Disc
structure) 673, a recording density 674 indicating a recording density, a data area allocation 675 indicating a position where data is recorded, and information storage on the inner circumference side of the information storage medium. BCA (Burst Cutting Area) d in which the serial number of each medium is recorded in a non-rewritable form
The escriptor 676, the velocity 677 indicating the linear velocity condition for designating the exposure amount during recording, and the read power 67 indicating the exposure amount on the information storage medium during reproduction.
8. Peak power representing the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium for forming recording marks at the time of recording 6
79, information such as bias power (Bias power) 680 indicating the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium at the time of erasing, and information 682 related to the manufacture of the medium are recorded.

In other words, this Control data
In the Zone 655, information on the entire information storage medium such as a physical sector number indicating a recording start / recording end position, recording power, recording pulse width, erasing power, reproducing power, linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing, and the like, Information relating to recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics, information relating to manufacturing of the information storage medium such as the manufacturing number of each disc, and the like are recorded in advance.

Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Are
In the Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 of a609, the unique disc name recording area (Disc
identification Zones 662, 692) and a test recording area (Drive test Zone 6 for confirming recording erasing conditions)
60, 694 and Disk test Zone 659, 695),
Management information recording area (defect management area; DMA1 & DMA) relating to a defective area in the data area
2 (663) and DMA3 & DMA4 (691)) are provided. By using these areas, optimum recording can be performed on each disc.

FIG. 11 shows Data in the layout of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the detail in Area608.

The same number of groups (Group) is assigned to each of the 24 zones, and each group has a user area (User Area) 723 used for data recording and a spare area (Spare Area) 724 used for replacement processing. Contains a pair of. User Area 723 and Spare Area
724 pairs are guard areas for each zone
It is separated by 771 and 772. Further Us of each group
er Area 723 and Spare Area 72
4 belongs to the zone of the same rotation speed, the smaller group number belongs to the high-speed rotation zone, and the larger group number belongs to the low-speed rotation zone. The group of low-speed rotation zones has more sectors than the group of high-speed rotation zones, but since the rotation radius of the disk is large in the low-speed rotation zone, the physical recording density on the disk 10 is spread over the entire zone (all groups). It becomes almost uniform.

In each group, the User Area 723 is arranged in the smaller sector number (that is, the inner circumference side on the disc), and the Spare Area 724 is arranged in the larger sector number (the outer circumference side on the disc).

Next, a recording signal structure of information recorded on a DVD-RAM disk as an information storage medium and a method of creating the recording signal structure will be described. The content of the information recorded on the medium is called "information", and the structure or expression after scrambling or modulating the same content information, that is, "1" after the signal form is converted.
The connection between the states of "0" to "0" is expressed as "signal", and the two are appropriately distinguished.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of a sector included in the data area portion of FIG. One sector 501a in FIG. 12 corresponds to one of the sector numbers in FIG. 11, and has a size of 2048 bytes as shown in FIG. Although not shown, each sector is an information storage medium (DVD-RAM
Headers 573 and 574 pre-recorded on the recording surface of a disk by an uneven structure such as embossing are provided at the beginning, and synchronization codes 575 and 576 and modulated signals 577 and 578 are alternately included.

Next, E in the DVD-RAM disc
The CC block processing method will be described.

FIG. 13 shows a recording unit (EC of Error Correction Code) of information included in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
It is a figure explaining C unit).

FAT (File Alloca), which is often used in the file system of information storage media (hard disk HDD, magneto-optical disk MO, etc.) for personal computers.
information is recorded on the information storage medium with 256 bytes or 512 bytes as the minimum unit.

On the other hand, CD-ROM and DVD-RO
UDF (Universal Disk Format; details will be described later) is used as a file system in information storage media such as M and DVD-RAM, and here, information is recorded in the information storage medium with 2048 bytes as a minimum unit. This minimum unit is called a sector. That is, for the information storage medium using the UDF, as shown in FIG.
Information of 048 bytes is recorded.

Since CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs are handled by bare disks without using cartridges, the surface of the information storage medium is easily scratched or dust is easily attached to the surface on the user side. There may occur a case where a specific sector (for example, sector 501c in FIG. 13) cannot be reproduced (or cannot be recorded) due to the influence of dust or scratches on the surface of the information storage medium.

The DVD employs an error correction method (ECC using a product code) in consideration of such a situation. Specifically, 16 sectors each (16 sectors from sector 501a to sector 501p in FIG. 13)
One ECC (Error Correction Code) block 502 is configured by the above, and a strong error correction function is provided therein. As a result, even if an error occurs in the ECC block 502 such that the sector 501c cannot be reproduced, the error is corrected and all the information in the ECC block 502 can be correctly reproduced.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between zones and groups (see FIG. 11) within the Data Area 608 of FIG.

Each zone in FIG. 8: Zone00 (620) to Zo
ne23 (643) is physically arranged on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, and has physical sector number 6 in FIG.
04 and the Data Area 60 as described in FIG.
The physical sector number (starting physical sector number 701) of the first physical sector of User Area 00 (705) in 8 is 031
It is set to 000h (h: meaning of hexadecimal number display). Further, the physical sector number increases toward the outer circumference side 704, and User Areas 00 (705), 01 (709),
23 (707), Spare Area 00 (708), 01
(709), 23 (710), Guard Areas 711, 7
Sequential numbers are assigned regardless of 12,713. Therefore, the continuity of the physical sector numbers is maintained across the Zones 620 to 643.

On the other hand, User Areas 705, 706,
Guard Areas 711, 712, 713 are inserted and arranged between each Group 714, 715, 716 configured by a pair of 707 and Spare Areas 708, 709, 710. Therefore, each Group 714, 715, 716
The physical sector numbers across the lines have discontinuity as shown in FIG.

When the DVD-RAM disc having the structure shown in FIG. 14 is used in an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an information recording / reproducing section (physical system block) described later, the optical head 202 has the Guard Areas 711, 712 and. It is possible to perform the processing of switching the rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk while passing through the 713. For example, the optical head 202 is Grou
Seek to Group01 (715) from p00 (705),
The rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk is switched while passing through the Guard Area 711.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the method of setting the logical sector number in the Data Area 608 of FIG. The minimum unit of the logical sector matches the minimum unit of the physical sector, and 204
It is in units of 8 bytes. Each logical sector is assigned to a corresponding physical sector position according to the following rules.

Physically as shown in FIG. 14, Guard Are
Since a711, 712, and 713 are provided on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, each Group 714, 71
Discontinuity occurs in the physical sector numbers across 5,716, but the logical sector numbers are group 00 (714),
The setting method is such that the positions are continuously connected at a position across 01 (715) and 23 (716). This Group
Regarding the arrangement of 00 (714) and 01 (715) to 23 (716), the smaller group number (the smaller physical sector number) is the inner circumference side (Lead-in A) of the DVD-RAM disk.
The area having the larger group number (the area having the larger physical sector number) is arranged on the outer peripheral side (Lead-out Area 609 side) of the DVD-RAM disk.

In this arrangement, if there is no defect on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, each logical sector has a one-to-one correspondence with all physical sectors in User Areas 00 (705) to 23 (707) of FIG. The logical sector number of the sector assigned at the position of the starting physical sector number 701 whose physical sector number is 031000h is set to 0h (logical sector number 774 of the first sector in each Group in FIG. 11).
See column).

As described above, when there is no defect on the recording surface, no logical sector number is set in advance for each sector in Spare Areas 00 (708) to 23 (710).

U which is a process for detecting the defect position on the recording surface in advance before recording on the DVD-RAM disc. Certify process, reproduction, or recording
When a defective sector is found in serArea00 (705) to 23 (707), as a result of the replacement process, the spare areas 00 (708) to 23 are replaced by the number of sectors for which the replacement process has been performed.
A logical sector number is set for the corresponding sector in (710).

Next, some methods for processing defects generated in the user area will be described. Before that, the defect management area (the defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 69 of FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 necessary for defect processing.
1) and related matters will be explained.

[Defect Management Area] Defect Management Area (DM
A1 to DMA4 663, 691) includes 32 sectors, for example, data including information on the structure of the data area and defect management. The two defect management areas (DMA1 and DMA2 663) are the Lead of DVD-RAM disc.
-In Area 607, the other two defect management areas (DMA3 and DMA4 691) are DVD-RA.
It is arranged in the Lead-out Area 609 of the M disc. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 69
After 1), a spare sector (spare sector) is appropriately added.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
663, 691) is divided into two blocks.
Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 69
The first block of 1) is a DVD-RAM disc definition information structure (DDS; Disc Definition Structure) and a primary defect list (PDL).
Is included. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
The second block (663, 691) includes a secondary defect list (SDL).
Four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663,
691) has the same contents as the four primary defect lists (PDL), and these four secondary defect lists (SD).
L) has the same content.

Four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA
4 663, 691) four definition information structures (DDS)
Basically have the same contents, but the pointers to the PDL and SDL in each of the four defect management areas have individual contents.

Here, the DDS / PDL block is the DDS.
And the first block containing the PDL. Also,
The SDL block means a second block including the SDL.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 6) after the DVD-RAM disk is initialized
The contents of 91) are as follows: (1) The first sector of each DDS / PDL block is DD
(2) The second sector of each DDS / PDL block is P
Include DL; (3) The first sector of each SDL block contains the SDL.

The block lengths of the primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are determined by the number of respective entries. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
The unused sectors (663, 691) are overwritten with data 0FFh. Also, all spare sectors are overwritten with 00h.

[Disc definition information] Definition information structure DDS
Consists of a table having a length of one sector. This DDS
Has the contents of defining the initialization method of the disk 10 and the start addresses of the PDL and SDL. DDS
Are recorded in the first sector of each defect management area (DMA) when the initialization of the disk 10 is completed.

[Spare Sector] The defective sector in each Data Area 608 is replaced (replaced) with a normal sector by a predetermined defect management method (verification, slipping replacement, skipping replacement, linear replacement described later). The position of the spare sector for this replacement is the Spare Area shown in FIG.
00 (708) to 23 (710) are included in the spare area of each group. Further, the physical sector number in each Spare Area is described in the column of Spare Area 724 in FIG.

The DVD-RAM disc can be initialized before use, but this initialization can be executed regardless of whether verification is performed.

The defective sector is subjected to slipping replacement processing (Sl
ipping Replacement Algorithm), skipping replacement algorithm (Skipping Replacement Algorithm) or linear replacement algorithm (Linear Replacement Algorithm). The total number of entries listed in the PDL and SDL by these processes (Algorithm) is set to a predetermined number, for example, 4092 or less.

[Initialization / Certify] In many cases, initialization processing is performed before recording user information in the Data Area 608 of the DVD-RAM disk, and the defect status of all sectors in the Data Area 608 is inspected (Certify). The defective sector found in the initialization stage is specified, and the defective sector in the UserArea 723 is spared by the slipping replacement process or the linear replacement process according to the number of consecutive defective sectors.
Interpolation is performed in the spare sector in Area 724. When the spare sectors in the zone of the DVD-RAM disk are used up during the execution of Certify, the DVD-RAM disk is determined to be defective and the DVD-RAM disk is not used thereafter.

Parameters of all definition information structure DDS are recorded in four DDS sectors. The primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are recorded in four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691). On the first initialization, the update counter in SDL is set to 00h and all reserved blocks are set to 0.
It is overwritten at 0h.

When the disk 10 is used for computer data storage, the above initialization / Certify is performed, but when it is used for video recording, the above initialization / Certify is performed.
It is possible to record video suddenly without performing Certify.

FIGS. 16A and 16B are Data Areas of FIG.
Slipping Replacing within 608 (Slipping Replac
ement Algorithm).

Immediately after the DVD-RAM disc is manufactured (when no user information is recorded on the disc) or when the user information is recorded first (instead of overwriting on the already recorded place) , When the information is first recorded in the unrecorded area), this slipping replacement processing is applied as a defect processing method.

That is, the found defective data sector (for example, m defective sectors 731) is used as a replacement (or replacement) for the first normal sector (user area 723b) following the defective sector (replacement processing 734). .
As a result, slipping (logical sector number backward shift) for m sectors occurs toward the end of the corresponding group. Similarly, if n defective sectors 732 are found after that, the defective sectors are replaced with the succeeding normal sector (user area 723c), and the setting position of the logical sector number is also shifted backward. As a result of the replacement processing, m + n sectors 7 from the beginning in Spare Area 724
A logical sector number is set in 37, which becomes a user information recordable area. As a result, the unused area 726 in the spare area 724 is reduced by m + n sectors.

The address of the defective sector at this time is written in the primary defect list (PDL), and recording of user information is prohibited in the defective sector. If no defective sector is found during Certify, nothing is written to PDL. Similarly, a recording use area 743 in the Spare Area 724
If a defective sector is also found inside, the address of the spare sector is also written in the PDL.

As a result of the above-mentioned slipping replacement processing, User Areas 723a to 723c and Spare A which have no defective sectors.
The recording use area 743 in the rea 724 becomes the information recording use area (logical sector number setting area 735) of the group, and consecutive logical sector numbers are assigned to this area.

FIG. 16C shows the Data Area 608 of FIG.
Skipping replacement processing (Skip
It is a figure explaining ping replacement algorithm).

The skipping replacement processing is a processing method suitable for defect processing when it is necessary to record user information continuously (seamlessly) such as video information and audio information without interruption. This skipping replacement processing is performed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (1 sector is 2 k
Since it is a byte, it is executed in units of 32 kbytes.

For example, if one defective ECC block 741 is found after the User Area 723a composed of normal ECC blocks, this defective ECC block 74
The data scheduled to be recorded in 1 is the normal User Area immediately after.
It is recorded instead of the ECC block 723b (replacement process 744). Similarly, if k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742 are found, these defective blocks 742 are detected.
The data that was planned to be recorded in the
It is recorded instead in the k ECC blocks of ea723c.

Thus, when 1 + k defective ECC blocks are found in the User Area of the corresponding group, (1
+ K) ECC blocks are shifted into the area of the Spare Area 724, and the extension area 743 used for recording information in the Spare Area 724 becomes the user information recordable area,
The logical sector number is set here. As a result SpareAre
The unused area 726 of a724 is reduced by (1 + k) ECC blocks, and the remaining unused area 746 is reduced.

As a result of the replacement process, the User Areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block and the extension area 743 used for information recording become the information recording use area (logical sector number setting area) in the group. As a method of setting the logical sector number at this time, a major feature is that user areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block are kept unchanged as the logical sector numbers pre-allocated at the time of initial setting (before the replacement process). There is.

As a result, the logical sector number previously assigned to each physical sector in the defective ECC block 741 at the time of initialization is moved to the first physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording and set as it is. To be done. Further, the logical sector number assigned at the time of initialization is moved in parallel to each physical sector in the k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742, and the extended area 74 used for information recording is moved.
It is set in each corresponding physical sector in 3.

In this skipping replacement processing method, the DVD
-Even if the RAM disk has not been previously certified
The replacement process can be immediately executed for the defective sector found during the recording of the user information.

FIG. 16D shows a linear replacement process (Linear) which is another replacement process in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
It is a figure explaining a Replacement Algorithm).

This linear replacement process is also executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (units of 32 kbytes). In the linear replacement process, the defective ECC block 75
1 is a normal spare block that can be used first in the corresponding group (the first replacement recording location 75 in the Spare Area 724).
3) is replaced (replaced) (replacement processing 758). In the case of this replacement processing, the user information that was scheduled to be recorded on the defective ECC block 751 remains the Spare Area 724.
In addition to being recorded on the alternate recording location 753, the logical sector number setting position is also transferred to the alternate recording location 753 as it is. Similarly, for the k consecutive defective ECC blocks 752, the user information scheduled to be recorded and the logical sector number setting position are the alternate recording locations 754 in the spare area 724.
Move on to.

In the case of the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process, the address of the defective block and the address of the final replacement (replacement) block are written in the SDL. When the replacement block in the SDL (secondary defect list) is found to be a defective block later, it is registered in the SDL by using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from that of the defective block to a new one, so that the replaced defective block is registered in the SDL.
The entry for is corrected. When updating the secondary defect list SDL, the update counter in the SDL is incremented by one.

[Write Process] When data is written to a sector of a certain group, the defective sector listed in the primary defect list (PDL) is skipped. Then, according to the slipping replacement process described above, the data to be written in the defective sector is written in the next data sector. If the block to be written is the secondary defect list (SD
If it is listed in L), the data to be written to that block is written to the spare block designated by the SDL according to the above-described linear replacement processing or skipping replacement processing.

Under the environment of a personal computer, a linear replacement process is used when recording a personal computer file, and a skipping replacement process is used when recording an AV file.

[Primary Defect List; PDL] The primary defect list (PDL) is always recorded on the DVD-RAM disc, but its contents may be empty.

The PDL contains the addresses of all defective sectors specified at initialization. These addresses are listed in ascending order. PDL should be recorded with the minimum required number of sectors. Then, the PDL starts from the first user byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of PDL are set to 0FFh.
The following information will be written to this PDL: Byte position PDL content 0000h; PDL identifier 1 01h; PDL identifier 2 Number of addresses in PDL; MSB 3 Number of addresses in PDL; LSB 4 First Address of defective sector (sector number; MSB) 5 Address of first defective sector (sector number) 6 Address of first defective sector (sector number) 7 Address of first defective sector (sector number; LSB) ... x- 3 Address of last defective sector (sector number; MSB) x-2 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x-1 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x Address of last defective sector (sector number; LSB) * Note; When the 2nd and 3rd bytes are set to 00h, the 3rd byte is The end of the DL.

In the case of a primary defect list (PDL) for multiple sectors, the address list of defective sectors is
It follows the first byte of the second and subsequent sectors. That is, the PDL identifier and the number of PDL addresses are
Only present in the first sector.

Second byte and third if PDL is empty
Byte set to 00h, 4th to 20th bytes
47 bytes are set to FFh.

In addition, FFh is written in the unused sector in the DDS / PDL block.

[Secondary Defect List; SDL] The secondary defect list (SDL) is generated in the initialization stage and used after Certify. SDL is recorded on all disks during initialization.

This SDL includes a plurality of entries in the form of the address of the defective data block and the address of the spare block which replaces this defective block.
Eight bytes are allocated to each entry in the SDL. That is, 4 bytes are allocated to the address of the defective block, and the remaining 4 bytes are allocated to the address of the replacement block.

The address list includes the first addresses of the defective block and its replacement block. The addresses of defective blocks are given in ascending order.

The SDL is recorded with the minimum required number of sectors, and this SDL starts from the first user data byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of SDL are set to 0FFh. Subsequent information is recorded in each of the four SDLs.

When the replacement block listed in the SDL is later found to be a defective block, it is registered in the SDL by using the direct pointer method. In this direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from that of the defective block to a new one, thereby correcting the SDL entry in which the replaced defective block is registered. At that time, the number of entries in the SDL is not changed by the deteriorated sector.

The following information is written in this SDL: Byte position SDL content 0 (00); SDL identifier 1 (02); SDL identifier 2 (00) 3 (01) 4 Update counter MSB 5 update counter 6 update counter 7 update counter; LSB 8 to 26 spare (00h) 27 to 29 flag indicating that all spare sectors in the zone have been used up 30 number of entries in SDL; MSB 31 number of entries in SDL; LSB 32 Address of first defective block (sector number; MSB) 33 Address of first defective block (sector number) 34 Address of first defective block (sector number) 35 Address of first defective block (sector number; LSB) 36 First Replacement block address (sector number; MSB) 37 Address of first replacement block (sector number) 38 Address of first replacement block (sector number) 39 Address of first replacement block (sector number; LSB) ... y-7 Address of last defective block (sector number; MSB) ) Y-6 Address of last defective block (sector number) y-5 Address of last defective block (sector number) y-4 Address of last defective block (sector number; LSB) y-3 Last replacement block Address (sector number; MSB) y-2 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y-1 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y Address of last replacement block (sector number; LSB) * Note; Each entry in the 30th to 31st bytes is 8 bytes long.

In the case of the secondary defect list (SDL) for the multi-sector, the address list of the defective block and the replacement block follows the first byte of the second and subsequent sectors. That is, the 0th byte to the 31st byte of the SDL contents exist only in the first sector. FFh is written in the unused sector in the SDL block.

An apparatus for recording and reproducing information on the above information storage medium (disc) will be described below.

An apparatus for recording and reproducing information on the above information storage medium (disc) will now be described.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram for explaining an example of the configuration in the information recording / reproducing section (physical system block) of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

Description of basic functions of the information recording / reproducing unit.

In the information recording / reproducing section, new information is recorded or rewritten (including erasing of information) at a predetermined position on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by using the focused spot of the laser beam. Further, from a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201, using a focused spot of a laser beam,
The information already recorded is reproduced.

Description will be made regarding the basic function achieving means of the information recording / reproducing unit.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned basic function, the information recording / reproducing section traces (follows) the focused spot along the track on the information storage medium 201. Information is recorded / reproduced / erased by changing the amount of light (intensity) of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201. The recording signal d given from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording with high density and low error rate.

Explanation of the structure of the mechanical part and the operation of the detection part.

<Basic Structure of Optical Head 202 and Signal Detection Circuit><Signal Detection by Optical Head 202>
Basically, it is composed of a semiconductor laser element which is a light source, a photodetector and an objective lens. The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is focused on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by the objective lens. Information storage medium 2
The laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film No. 01 is photoelectrically converted by the photodetector.

The detection current obtained by the photodetector is obtained by the amplifier 2
A current-voltage conversion is performed by 13 and becomes a detection signal. This detection signal is the focus / track error detection circuit 21.
7 or the binarization circuit 212.

In general, the photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection areas and individually detects changes in the amount of light applied to each photodetection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 217 calculates the sum / difference of these individual detection signals to detect focus deviation and track deviation.
After the focus shift and the track shift are substantially removed by this detection and the servo operation, the information storage medium 201 is removed.
The signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting the change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film.

<Focus Shift Detection Method> Examples of methods for optically detecting the amount of focus shift include the following: [Astigmatism method] ... Light reflection film or light reflectivity of the information storage medium 201. This is a method of arranging an optical element (not shown) for generating astigmatism in the detection optical path of the laser light reflected by the recording film and detecting the change in shape of the laser light irradiated on the photodetector. The light detection area is divided into four diagonal lines. Focus on each detection signal obtained from each detection area.
In the track error detection circuit 217, the sum of the signals from the diagonal detection areas is calculated and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the focus error detection signal.

[Knife edge method] ... Information storage medium 201
This is a method of disposing a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of the laser light reflected by. The light detection region is divided into two, and the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection region is taken to obtain the focus error detection signal.

Usually, either the astigmatism method or the knife edge method is adopted.

<Track Deviation Detection Method> The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 has spiral or concentric tracks, and information is recorded on the tracks. Information is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing a focused spot along this track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

The following methods are generally used as the track shift detection method: [Differential Phase Detection method]
Detects a change in the intensity distribution on the photodetector of the laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, the sum of the signals from the diagonal detection areas is calculated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217, and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Push-Pull Method] ... Information Storage Medium 1201 A change in the intensity distribution of the reflected laser light on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into two, and the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area is taken to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Twin-Spot Method] ... A diffraction element or the like is arranged in the light transmission system between the semiconductor laser element and the information storage medium 201 to divide the light into a plurality of wavefronts and irradiate the information storage medium 201. The change in the reflected light amount of the ± first-order diffracted light is detected. Separately from the light detection area for reproducing signal detection, a light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light quantity of the + 1st order diffracted light and the reflected light quantity of the −1st order diffracted light is arranged, and the difference between the respective detected signals is taken to detect the track error detection signal. To get

<Objective Lens Actuator Structure> The laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser device is used as the information storage medium 20.
The objective lens (not shown) for converging light on the first lens 2 is set in accordance with the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.
It has a structure that can be moved in the axial direction. There are the following two moving directions of the objective lens. In other words, it is a direction in which the information storage medium 201 moves in the vertical direction for the focus shift correction, and the information storage medium 201 moves in the radial direction for the track shift correction.

The objective lens moving mechanism (not shown) is called an objective lens actuator. For example, the following is often used for the objective lens actuator structure: [Shaft sliding method] ... A method in which a blade integrated with the objective lens moves along the central axis (shaft), and the blade moves to the central axis. Move in the direction along to perform defocus correction,
This is a method of performing track deviation correction by the rotational movement of the blade with respect to the central axis.

[Four-wire system] ... A blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires,
This is a method of moving the blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of the wire.

Each of the above methods has a structure having a permanent magnet and a coil, and moving the blade by passing an electric current through the coil connected to the blade.

<Rotation Control System of Information Storage Medium 201> The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the rotary table 221 which is rotated by the driving force of the spindle motor 204.

The number of rotations of the information storage medium 10 is detected by the reproduction signal obtained from the information storage medium 201. That is, the detection signal (analog signal) output from the amplifier 213 is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 212, and the PLL circuit 211 generates a constant period signal (reference clock signal) from this signal. The information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 detects the number of rotations of the information storage medium 201 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of revolutions of the information storage medium corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the information storage medium 201 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. When the reproduction position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 220 refers to the semiconductor memory 219 information to set the target rotation speed of the information storage medium 201, and notifies the spindle motor drive circuit 215 of the value.

In the spindle motor drive circuit 215, the difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is obtained, and a drive current corresponding to the result is obtained. The control is performed so that the rotation speed of the spindle motor 204 becomes constant. The output signal of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the information storage medium 201, and the spindle motor drive circuit 21.
At 5, control (frequency control and phase control) is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of the pulse signal.

<Optical Head Moving Mechanism> This mechanism has an optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 for moving the optical head 202 in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201.

A bar-shaped guide shaft is often used as a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 202.
In this guide mechanism, this guide shaft and the optical head 2
The optical head 202 is moved by utilizing the friction between the bushes attached to a part of 02. In addition, there is also a method of using a bearing whose frictional force is reduced by using rotary motion.

Although a driving force transmission method for moving the optical head 202 is not shown, a rotary motor having a pinion (rotary gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshing with the pinion, is driven by a light. It is arranged on the side surface of the head 202 to convert the rotary motion of the rotary motor into the linear motion of the optical head 202. As another driving force transmission method, there may be used a linear motor method in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and an electric current is passed through a coil arranged in the optical head 202 to move the coil in a linear direction.

In both the rotary motor and the linear motor, basically, a current is passed through the feed motor to cause the optical head 20 to move.
2 Drive force for movement is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216.

<Functions of Each Control Circuit><Condensed Spot Trace Control> In order to perform focus shift correction or track shift correction, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 outputs a signal (detection signal) in the optical head 202. A circuit that supplies a drive current to an objective lens actuator (not shown) is an objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. This drive circuit 218
Has a phase compensating circuit for improving the characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator in order to make the objective lens move at a high speed in a high frequency range.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Then, according to a command from the control unit 220, (a) ON / OFF processing of the focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop); and (b) the objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the information storage medium 201. And (c) using the kick pulse, move the objective lens slightly in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 (a direction that crosses the track) to collect light. Processing for moving the spot to the adjacent track is performed.

<Laser Light Amount Control><Reproduction and Recording / Erase Switching Process> Reproduction and recording / erasing are switched by changing the light amount of the focused spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201.

For an information storage medium using the phase change method, the following relationship is generally established: [amount of light during recording]> [amount of light during erasing]> [amount of light during reproduction] (1) An information storage medium using a magnetic system generally has a relationship of [light amount during recording] ≈ [light amount during erasing]> [light amount during reproduction] (2). In the case of the magneto-optical method, the recording / erasing process is controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the information storage medium 201 during recording / erasing.

During information reproduction, the information storage medium 201 is continuously irradiated with a constant amount of light.

When recording new information, the pulsed intermittent light quantity is added to the light quantity at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser device emits a pulsed light with a large amount of light, the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201 locally causes an optical change or a shape change, and a recording mark is formed. In the case of overwriting on the already-recorded area, the semiconductor laser element is similarly pulsed.

When erasing the already recorded information, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated. In the case of continuously erasing information, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and information is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. As a result, the track number and address of the track to be erased intermittently are reproduced, and the erase process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erase track.

<Laser Emission Control> Although not shown, the optical head 202 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. In the laser drive circuit 205, the photodetector output (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 2
The difference from the light emission reference signal given by 06 is taken, and the drive current to the semiconductor laser is feedback-controlled based on the result.

<Various Operations Related to Control System of Mechanism><StartingControl> When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the rotary table 221, and the starting control is started, the processing according to the following procedure is performed. Be seen.

(1) The target rotation speed is transmitted from the control unit 220 to the spindle motor drive circuit 215, a drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 215 to the spindle motor 204, and the spindle motor 204 starts rotating.

(2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control section 220 to the feed motor drive circuit 216, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 203. The optical head 202 moves to the innermost position of the information storage medium 10.
As a result, it is confirmed that the optical head 202 has reached the inner peripheral portion beyond the area of the information storage medium 201 where the information is recorded.

(3) When the spindle motor 204 reaches the target rotation speed, the status (status report) is sent to the control unit 220.

(4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser drive circuit 205 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 202 in accordance with the reproduction light amount signal sent from the control unit 220 to the recording / reproduction / erasure control waveform generation circuit 206. , Laser emission starts.

An information storage medium (optical disk) 201
The optimum irradiation light amount during reproduction differs depending on the type. At the time of startup, the value of the current supplied to the semiconductor laser element is set to a value corresponding to the lowest value of the irradiation light amount.

(5) In accordance with a command from the control unit 220, the objective lens (not shown) in the optical head 202 is moved to the position farthest from the information storage medium 201, and the objective lens is slowly brought close to the information storage medium 201. The objective lens actuator driving circuit 218 controls the objective lens.

(6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 monitors the amount of defocus, and when the objective lens comes near the in-focus position, the status is issued and "the objective lens comes near the in-focus position". This is notified to the control unit 220.

(7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the focus loop.

(8) The control unit 220 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 216 while keeping the focus loop on, so that the optical head 202 is slowly moved to the information storage medium 20.
1 is moved toward the outer peripheral portion.

(9) At the same time, the reproduction signal from the optical head 202 is monitored so that the optical head 202 can detect the information storage medium 201.
When the recording area reaches the upper recording area, the movement of the optical head 202 is stopped and a command for turning on the track loop is issued to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.

(10) Subsequently, the "optimal light amount during reproduction" and the "optimal light amount during recording / erasing" recorded in the inner peripheral portion of the information storage medium 201 are reproduced, and the information is reproduced by the control unit 2.
It is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 via 20.

(11) Further, the control section 220 sends a signal in accordance with the "optimum light quantity during reproduction" to the recording / reproduction / erasure control waveform generating circuit 206, and resets the light emission quantity of the semiconductor laser element during reproduction. To do.

(12) Then, the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set in accordance with the “optimal light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded in the information storage medium 201.

<Access Control> Information on where on the reproduction information storage medium 201 the access destination information recorded on the information storage medium 201 is recorded and what kind of contents it has is stored in the information storage medium 201. It depends on the type. For example, in a DVD disc, this information is recorded in a directory management area or a navigation pack in the information storage medium 201.

Here, the directory management area is usually recorded collectively in the inner peripheral area or the outer peripheral area of the information storage medium 201. Also, the navigation pack is
Included in a data unit called VOBU (video object unit) in VOBS (video object set) that conforms to the PS (program stream) data structure of MPEG2, and records information about where the next video is recorded. is doing.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / erase specific information, the information in the above area is first reproduced, and the access destination is determined from the information obtained there.

<Coarse Access Control> The control unit 220 calculates the radial position of the access destination and calculates the current optical head 202.
Determine the distance to the position.

The speed curve information that can reach the optical head 202 with respect to the moving distance in the shortest time is previously stored in the semiconductor memory 21.
It is recorded in 9. The control unit 220 reads the information and follows the velocity curve according to the following method.
02 movement control is performed.

That is, after the controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 21
6 is controlled to start the movement of the optical head 202.

When the focused spot crosses the track on the information storage medium 201, a track error detection signal is generated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217. The relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the information storage medium 201 can be detected using this track error detection signal.

The feed motor drive circuit 216 calculates the difference between the relative velocity of the focused spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 and the target velocity information sent from the control unit 220 one by one, and the result is used to calculate the optical head. The optical head 202 is moved while performing feedback control on the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 203.

As described in the above section <Optical head moving mechanism>, a frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or the bearing. Dynamic friction works when the optical head 202 is moving at high speed, but static friction works because the moving speed of the optical head 202 is slow at the start and immediately before the stop. When this static friction works (especially immediately before stopping), the frictional force is relatively increasing. In order to cope with this increase in frictional force, the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 20
So that the current supplied to the controller 3 becomes large.
Command to increase the gain of the control system.

<Dense Access Control> When the optical head 202 reaches the target position, the controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the information storage medium 201.

The current focus spot position is calculated from the address or track number there, and the number of error tracks from the arrival target position is calculated in the control unit 220, and the number of tracks required to move the focus spot is determined by the objective lens actuator. The drive circuit 218 is notified.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
When a set of kick pulses is generated inside, the objective lens moves slightly in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201, and the focused spot moves to the adjacent track.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Inside, the track loop is temporarily turned off, and the control unit 2
After the kick pulse is generated the number of times according to the information from 20, the track loop is turned on again.

After the end of the dense access, the control unit 220 reproduces the information (address or track number) of the position traced by the focused spot and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

<Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control> The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 216. At the time of "start control" and "access control", the control unit 220 controls the feed motor drive circuit 216 so that the track error detection signal is not used.

After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by the access, a part of the track error detection signal is sent via the motor drive circuit 216 by a command from the control unit 220. It is supplied as a drive current to the motor 203. This control is continued during the period during which the reproducing or recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the information storage medium 201 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly deviated from the center position of the rotary table 221. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 202 slightly moves according to the eccentricity.

When the reproducing or recording / erasing process is continuously performed for a long time, the focused spot position gradually moves in the outer peripheral direction or the inner peripheral direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203, the optical head 20 is adjusted accordingly.
2 gradually moves in the outer peripheral direction or the inner peripheral direction.

In this way, the track loop can be stabilized by reducing the burden of correcting the track deviation of the objective lens actuator.

<End Control> When a series of processing is completed and the operation is ended, the processing is performed according to the following procedure.

(1) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop.

(2) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the focus loop.

(3) The control unit 220 issues a command to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206 to stop the emission of the semiconductor laser device.

(4) The spindle motor drive circuit 215 is notified of 0 as the reference speed.

<Flow of recording signal / reproduction signal to information storage medium><Signal flow at the time of reproduction><Binarization / PLL circuit> As described above in <Signal detection by optical head 202>. A signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of reflected light from the light reflection film or the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201. The signal obtained by the amplifier 213 has an analog waveform. The binarization circuit 212 uses a comparator to convert the analog signal into a binary digital signal composed of "1" and "0".

From the reproduction signal thus obtained by the binarization circuit 212, the PLL circuit 211 extracts the reference signal for information reproduction. That is, the PLL circuit 211 has a built-in frequency variable oscillator, and the pulse signal (reference clock) output from this oscillator and the binarization circuit 21.
Frequency and phase comparisons are made between the two output signals. By feeding back this comparison result to the oscillator output, the reference signal at the time of reproducing information is taken out.

<Signal Demodulation> The demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table showing the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The demodulation circuit 210 includes the PLL circuit 21.
The input signal (modulated signal) is returned to the original signal (demodulated signal) while referring to the conversion table according to the reference clock obtained in 1. The demodulated signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

<Error Correction Processing> Error correction circuit 209
In the inside, the error location is detected for the signal stored in the semiconductor memory 219 by using the inner code PI and the outer code PO, and a pointer flag of the error location is set. After that, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 219, the signal at the error position is sequentially corrected according to the error pointer flag, and then the corrected information is recorded again in the semiconductor memory 219.

When the information reproduced from the information storage medium 201 is externally output as the reproduction signal c, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed from the error-corrected information recorded in the semiconductor memory 219, and the bus line 224 is removed. Data to the data I / O interface 222. Then, the data I / O interface 222 outputs the signal sent from the error correction circuit 209 as the reproduction signal c.

<Signal Format Recorded on Information Storage Medium 201> For the signal recorded on the information storage medium 201, the following requirements are required: (a) On the information storage medium 201 Of the recorded information error caused by the defect of (b) to make the reproduction processing circuit simple by setting the direct current component of the reproduced signal to "0"; (c) for the information storage medium 201 Record information as densely as possible.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) "adds an error correction function".
And “signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of signal) for recorded information”.

<Signal Flow During Recording><Error Correction Code ECC Addition Processing> The error correction code ECC addition processing will be described. Information storage medium 201
The information d desired to be recorded in is input to the data I / O interface 222 in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d
Are recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 as they are. After that, the following ECC addition processing is executed in the ECC encoder 208.

A concrete example of the ECC adding method using the product code will be described below.

The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 219 as follows.
One line is arranged for every 172 bytes, and 1 line is formed for 192 lines.
A set of ECC blocks (172 byte rows x 192)
The amount of information in a byte string is about 32 kbytes). 1 for the raw signal (recording signal d) in one set of ECC blocks composed of “172 byte rows × 192 byte columns”
An inner code PI of 10 bytes is calculated for each row of 72 bytes and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219. Further, the 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

Then, 12 lines (12 × (172 + 10) bytes) including the 10-byte inner code PI and the outer code P are included.
One line of O (1 x (172 + 10) bytes) total 23
The information to which the error correction code ECC addition process is performed is recorded in one sector of the information storage medium 10 in units of 66 bytes (= (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed, the ECC encoder 208 temporarily transfers the information to the semiconductor memory 219. When information is recorded on the information storage medium 201, a signal of 2366 bytes for one sector is transferred from the semiconductor memory 219 to the modulation circuit 207.

<Signal Modulation> The DC component of the reproduced signal (DS
V: Digital Sum Value or Digital Sum Variati
On) is brought close to “0”, and in order to record information at high density on the information storage medium 201, signal modulation which is conversion of the signal format is performed in the modulation circuit 207. Each of the modulation circuit 207 and the demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table showing the relationship between the original signal and the modulated signal.

The modulation circuit 207 has the ECC encoder 20.
The signal transferred from No. 8 is divided into a plurality of bits according to a predetermined modulation method, and is converted into another signal (code) with reference to the conversion table. For example, when 8/16 modulation (RLL (2,10) code) is used as the modulation method, there are two types of conversion tables, and the DC component (DSV) after modulation is close to 0 for reference. Switching the conversion table.

<Generation of Recording Waveform> When recording a recording mark on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, generally,
The following recording methods are adopted: [Mark length recording method] "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of the recording mark.

[Inter-Mark Recording Method] The center position of the recording mark coincides with the position of "1".

When mark length recording is adopted, it is necessary to form a relatively long recording mark. In this case, when the information storage medium 10 is continuously irradiated with a large amount of light for recording for a certain period or longer, the width of only the rear portion of the mark is widened due to the heat storage effect of the light-reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201, and the "raindrop" shape recording is performed. Marks are formed. To eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, measures such as dividing the recording laser drive signal into a plurality of recording pulses or changing the recording waveform of the recording laser in a stepwise manner are taken. Is taken.

Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206
Inside, a recording waveform as described above is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 207, and a driving signal having this recording waveform is sent to the semiconductor laser driving circuit 205.

Next, the flow of signals between blocks in the recording / reproducing apparatus will be summarized.

1) Input of Raw Signal to be Recorded to Information Recording / Reproducing Apparatus Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk) 20 in Information Recording / Reproducing Apparatus
1 illustrates an internal configuration of an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) in which parts related to the information recording process and the reproducing process for 1 are put together. PC (personal computer) and EW
The recording signal d sent from the host computer such as S (engineering workstation) is the data I
It is input into the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 via the / O interface 222.

2) Division processing of recording signal d for every 2048 bytes In the data I / O interface 222, the recording signal d is divided in time series for every 2048 bytes, and the data ID 51
After adding 0 or the like, scramble processing is performed. The resulting signal is sent to ECC encoder 208.

3) Creation of ECC block In the ECC encoder 208, 16 sets of signals obtained by scrambling the recording signal are collected to form a block of "172 bytes × 192 columns", and then the inner code PI (internal code PI Parity code) and outer code PO (external parity code)
Is added.

4) Interleave processing The ECC encoder 208 then performs interleave processing of the outer code PO.

5) Signal Modulation Processing The modulation circuit 207 modulates the signal after the interleaving of the outer outer code PO, and then adds the synchronization code.

6) Recording Waveform Creating Process A recording waveform is created by the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206 corresponding to the signal obtained as a result, and this recording waveform is sent to the laser driving circuit 205.

Information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk)
Since the method of “mark length recording” is adopted in 201, the rising timing of the recording pulse and the falling timing of the recording pulse coincide with the timing of “1” of the modulated signal.

7) Recording processing on the information storage medium (optical disk) 10 The amount of laser light emitted from the optical head 202 and focused on the recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is intermittently changed to change the information. A recording mark is formed on the recording film of the storage medium (optical disk) 201.

FIG. 18 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a logical block number setting operation for a DVD-RAM disk or the like. This will be described with reference to FIG.

When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221 (step ST13)
1), the control unit 220 starts the rotation of the spindle motor 204 (step ST132).

After the rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, the laser emission of the optical head 202 is started (step ST133), and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST134).

After the laser emission, the control unit 220 operates the feed motor 203 to rotate the optical head 202, and the lead-in area 607 of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
To step ST135). Then, the track servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST136).

When the track servo is activated, the optical head 202 moves to the Le of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201.
The information of the Control data Zone 655 (see FIG. 9) in the ad-in Area 607 is reproduced (step ST137). Book type and Pa in this Control data Zone 655
By reproducing the rt version 671, it is confirmed that the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 currently driven to rotate is a recordable medium (DVD-RAM disc or DVD-R disc) (step ST138). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disc.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is a DV
If it is confirmed that the disc is a D-RAM disc,
From the Control data Zone 655, information on the optimum light amount (emission power of semiconductor laser and emission period or duty ratio, etc.) at the time of reproduction / recording / erasing is reproduced (step ST139).

Subsequently, the control unit 220 determines that the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotationally driven has no defect and converts the physical sector number into the logical sector number (see FIG. 1).
1) is created (step ST140).

After the conversion table is created, the control unit 22
0 is a lead-in are of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201.
Defect management area in a607 DMA1 / DMA2 66
3 and defect management area DM in the lead-out area 609
The A3 / DMA4 691 is reproduced and the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 at that time is investigated (step ST141).

When the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is found by the defect distribution inspection, the control unit 220
Corrects the conversion table created as "no defect" in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution (step ST142). Specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each portion of the sectors found to be defective.

FIG. 19 is a flow chart for explaining an example of the defect processing operation (drive side processing) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like. The flowchart of FIG. 19 will be described below with reference to FIG.

First, for example, to the MPU in the control unit 220, the head logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded in the medium (eg, DVD-RAM disk) 201 currently loaded in the drive and the file size of the recording information are designated. Yes (step ST151).

Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the head logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the designated head logical block number LBN (step ST1).
52). First logical sector number LSN calculated in this way
The write logical sector number to be written in the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 is determined from the designated file size.

Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 is the DVD-RA.
The recording information file is written to the designated address of the M disc 201, and the defect on the disc 201 is investigated (step ST153).

If no defect is detected during the writing of the file, it means that the recording information file is recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any error (that is, no error occurs), and the recording process is completed normally. Yes (step ST15
5).

On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, linear replacement process (Linear
Replacement Algorithm) is executed (step S)
T156).

After this replacement processing, the newly detected defect is DMA1 / DMA2 of the Lead-in Area 607 of the disk.
663 and Lead-out Area 609 DMA3 / DM
Additional registration in A4691 (see FIGS. 9 and 10)
(Step ST157). Information storage medium (optical disc)
DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 to 201
/ DMA4 691 after additional registration, this DMA1 / DM
The contents of the conversion table created in step ST140 of FIG. 18 are corrected based on the registered contents of A2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4 691 (step ST158).

Next, in FIG. 20 to FIG. 30, the File System
UDF, which is a type of the above, will be described.

[A-1] What is UDF? Universal Disk Format (Universal Disk Fo
It is an abbreviation of rmat) and mainly indicates the “rule regarding the file management method” in the disc-shaped information storage medium. CD-R
OM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DVD-
ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RAM are "ISO966
The UDF format standardized by 0 "is adopted.

The file management method is basically based on a hierarchical file system that has a root directory as a parent and manages files in a tree. Here, the DVD-RAM standard (File
The UDF format conforming to the System Specifications will be described, but most of the content of this description also matches the content of the DVD-ROM standard.

[A-2] ... Outline of UDF [A-2-1] Contents of file information recorded on information storage medium When information is recorded on an information storage medium, a group of information is represented by "File Data" (File Data). , And records in file data units. A unique file name is added to each file data to distinguish it from other file data. File management and file search become easy by grouping multiple file data having common information content. This group for each multiple file data is defined as “Directory” or “Folder” (Folde
r). A unique directory name (folder name) is added to each directory (folder). Furthermore, collecting the multiple directories (folders),
It can be grouped in a higher-level directory (upper-level folder) as a group of layers above it. Here, file data and directories (folders) are generically called files.

When recording information, all information regarding * information contents of file data, * file name corresponding to file data, * storing place of file data (under which directory) is recorded Record on a storage medium.

Also, for each directory (folder), * directory name (folder name), * position to which each directory (folder) belongs (position of parent parent directory (upper folder)),
All the information regarding the above is also recorded on the information storage medium.

[A-2-2] Information recording format on information storage medium All recording areas on the information storage medium are divided into logical sectors with 2048 bytes as the minimum unit, and logical sector numbers are concatenated to all logical sectors. It is numbered. When recording information on an information storage medium, information is recorded in units of this logical sector. The recording position on the information storage medium is managed by the logical sector number of the logical sector in which this information is recorded.

As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, a file structure (File Structure) 486 and file data (File Structure)
The logical sector in which the information regarding Data) 487 is recorded is also called a “logical block”, and the logical block number (LBN) is set in association with the logical sector number (LSN). (The length of the logical block is 2048 bytes as in the case of the logical sector.) [A-2-3] Example of Simplifying Hierarchical File System Example of Simplifying Hierarchical File System FIG.
It shows in (a).

The file management system of most OS such as UNIX (registered trademark), MacOS (registered trademark), MS-DOS, and Windows (registered trademark) is shown in FIG. 22 (a).
It has a tree-like hierarchical structure as shown in.

One disk drive (for example, one H
When the DD is divided into a plurality of partitions, each partition unit is shown). One root directory (Root Directory) 40 that is the parent of the whole
1 exists and the sub directory (Sub Dir
ectory) 402 belongs. This Sub Directory 40
File Data 403 exists in 2.

Actually, not limited to this example, Root Directory
There may be File Data 403 directly below 401 or a complicated hierarchical structure in which a plurality of Sub Directories 402 are connected in series.

[A-2-4] Recorded Content of File Management Information on Information Storage Medium File management information is recorded in the above-described logical block unit. The content recorded in each logical block is mainly a descriptive sentence that indicates information about a file. FID (File Identifier Descriptor) ... File type and file name (Root Directory name, S
ub Directory name, File Data name, etc.) are described.

[0275] In the FID, the File Data that follows
And the recording position of the descriptive sentence indicating the recording location of the contents of the Directory (that is, the file entry FE described below corresponding to the corresponding file) are also described.

* FE (File Entry) which is a descriptive sentence indicating the recording position of the contents of the file ... Data contents of File Data and Directory (Sub Direct
It describes the position (logical block number) on the information storage medium where the information about the contents is recorded.

An excerpt of the description contents of the File Identifier Descriptor is shown in FIG. 27 (described later). For details, see “[B-4] File Identifier Descripto.
r ”. An excerpt of the description contents of the File Entry is shown in FIG. 26 (described later), and the detailed description is given in“ File of [B-3]
Entry ”.

Next, the descriptive text indicating the recording position on the information storage medium includes the long allocation descriptor (Long Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG. 23 and the short allocation descriptor (Short) shown in FIG.
Allocation Descriptor) is used. For a detailed description of each, refer to “[B-1-2] Long Allocation Desc.
Riptor ”and“ [B-1-3] Short Allocation Des
criptor ”.

As an example, FIG. 22B shows the recorded contents when the information of the file system structure of FIG. 22A is recorded in the information storage medium. The recorded contents of FIG. 22B are as follows.

The contents of the Root Directory 401 are shown in the logical block with the logical block number "1".

In the example of FIG. 22A, the Root Directory
Since only Sub Directory 402 is contained in 401, the contents of Sub Direct
Information about ory402 is File Identifier Descripto
r sentence 404. Although not shown, the information of the Root Directory 401 itself is also F in the same logical block.
ile Identifier Descriptor statement is also shown.

[0282] File Iden of this Sub Directory 402
Sub Directory 402 in tifier Descriptor sentence 404
The recording position (the second logical block in the example of FIG. 22B) of the File Entry sentence 405 showing where the contents are recorded is described by the Long Allocation Descriptor sentence (LAD (2)).

A File Entry statement 405 indicating the position where the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are recorded is recorded in the logical block with the logical block number "2".

In the example of FIG. 22A, Sub Directory 4
Since 02 only contains File Data 403,
Substantially as the contents of Sub Directory 402,
File that describes information about File Data 403
This indicates the recording position of the Identifier Descriptor statement 406.

[0285] Short Allocation in File Entry sentence
Sub Directory in the third logical block in the Descriptor statement
It is described that the contents of 402 are recorded (AD (3)).

The contents of Sub Directory 402 are recorded in the logical block with logical block number "3".

In the example of FIG. 22A, Sub Directory 4
Since 02 only contains File Data 403,
Information about the File Data 403 is described in the File Identifier Descriptor statement 406 as the contents of the Sub Directory 402. Although not shown, the information of the Sub Directory 402 itself is also included in the File Identifi
er Descriptor statement is also shown.

[0288] File Identi related to File Data 403
The File Data 403 is included in the fier Descriptor statement 406.
File Entry that indicates where the contents of the file are recorded
The recording position of the statement 407 (which is recorded in the fourth logical block in the example of FIG. 22B) is Long Allocation.
It is described in the Descriptor sentence (LAD (4)).

A File Entry statement 407 indicating the position where the contents 408 and 409 of File Data 403 are recorded is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "4".

... Short Alloca in File Entry statement 407
The content 408 of File Data 403 in the Option Descriptor statement,
The fact that 409 is recorded in the fifth and sixth logical blocks is described (AD (5), AD (6)).

Content information (a) 408 of File Data 403 is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "5".

Content information (b) 409 of File Data 403 is recorded in the logical block of logical block number "6".

[A-2-5] A method for accessing File Data according to the information shown in FIG. 22B will be described.

As briefly described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file system information recorded on information storage medium".
File Identifier Descriptor 404, 406 and File
Entry 405, 407 describes the logical block number in which the information that follows it is described. Root Director
File descending from y via Sub Directory
File Identifier Des as well as reaching Data
The data contents of File Data are accessed while sequentially reproducing the information in the logical block on the information storage medium according to the logical block number described in criptor and File Entry.

That is, for the information shown in FIG.
To access the File Data 403, first read the first logical block information. File Data403 is Su
b Since it exists in Directory 402, File of Sub Directory 402 is selected from the first logical block information.
After finding the Identifier Descriptor 404 and reading LAD (2), the second logical block information is read accordingly. Since only one File Entry statement is written in the second logical block, read AD (3) in it and
Move to the second logical block. In the third logical block, File Iden described for File Data 403
Look for tifier Descriptor 406 and read LAD (4). When moving to the fourth logical block according to LAD (4), since only one File Entry statement 407 is described there, AD (5) and AD (6) are read and File Data 40
Logical block number in which the contents of 3 are recorded (5th and 6th
Th).

The contents of AD (*) and LAD (*) will be described in detail in "Detailed description of each description sentence (Descriptor) of [B] UDF".

[A-3] Features of UDF [A-3-1] Features of UDF FAT used in HDD, FDD, MO, etc. below.
The characteristics of UDF will be described by comparison with.

1) Suitable for recording video information or music information having a large minimum unit (minimum logical block size, minimum logical sector size, etc.) and having a large amount of information to be recorded.

The logical sector size of FAT is 512By.
In contrast to tes, the logical sector (block) size of UDF is as large as 2048 Bytes.

2) In the FAT, the file allocation management table (File Allocation Table) to the information storage medium is locally recorded centrally on the information storage medium, whereas in the UDF, the file management information is stored at an arbitrary position on the disc. Can be distributed and recorded.

In the UDF, the recording position on the disc regarding the file management information and the file data is described in the Allocation Descriptor as a logical sector (block) number.

* In FAT, the file management area (File Al
Location table) is centrally managed, so it is suitable for applications that require frequent file structure changes (mainly frequent rewriting applications). (Because it is recorded in a concentrated location, it is easy to rewrite the management information.) Moreover, since the recording location of the file management information (File Allocation Table) is predetermined, it is premised on the high reliability of the recording medium (there are few defective areas) Become.

* In UDF, file management information is distributed and arranged, so there is little change in the file structure,
The lower part of the hierarchy (mainly below the Root Directory)
It is suitable for the purpose of adding new file structure later (mainly for additional writing). (Because there are few changes to the previous file management information at the time of additional writing.) Also, since the recording position of the distributed file management information can be arbitrarily specified, it is possible to avoid the congenital defect and record.

Since the file management information can be recorded at an arbitrary position, all the file management information can be gathered and recorded at one place and the advantages of the above FAT can be obtained, so that the file system can be considered as a more versatile file system.

[B] Detailed description of each description sentence (Descriptor) of UDF [B-1] Description sentence of logical block number [B-1-1] Allocation Descriptor "[A-2-4] Information storage medium File Identifier Desc as shown in "File system information record contents above"
A description statement that is included in a part of a riptor or a File Entry and indicates the position (logical block number) where the information that follows is recorded is called an Allocation Descriptor. Allocati
on Descriptor has the Long Allocation Desc shown below.
There are riptor and Short Allocation Descriptor.

[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descri
23. ptor As shown in FIG. 23, Extent length 410 ... Logical block number is displayed in 4 bytes, Extent position 411 ... Corresponding logical block number is displayed in 4 bytes, Implementation use (Implementation Us)
e) 412 ... Information used for arithmetic processing is displayed in 8 Bytes and the like.

In the explanation here, the description is simplified to "LA
"D (logical block number)".

[B-1-3] Short Allocation Descr
As shown in FIG. 24, Extent length 410 ... Displays the number of logical blocks in 4 bytes. Extent position 411 .. Displays the corresponding logical block number in 4 bytes. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as "AD (logical block number)".

[B-2] Unallocated Space Entry As shown in FIG. 25, the "unrecorded Ex on the information storage medium.
Short Allocation Descripto for each Extent
It is a descriptive sentence that is described in r and that is arranged, and is used in the Space Table (see FIGS. 20 and 21). Specific contents are: -Descriptor Tag 413 ... Represents the description content identifier, in this case "263", ICB Tag 414 ... Indicates the file type, IC
File Type = 1 in B Tag is Unallocated Space Ent
means ry, File Type = 4 is Directory, File Type
= 5 represents File Data.

-Allocation Descriptors column total length 41
5 ... 4 Bytes describes the total number of Bytes.

[B-3] File Entry Descriptive text described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file / system information recorded on information storage medium".

As shown in FIG. 26, Descriptor Tag 417
... Represents the identifier of the description content, in this case "261" -ICB Tag 418 ... Indicates the file type → the content is the same as [B-2] -Permissions 419 ... Recording / playback / deletion permission information for each user Indicates. It is mainly used to secure the security of files.

Allocation Descriptors 420 ... The position where the contents of the corresponding file are recorded is shortened for each Extent.
It describes that t Allocation Descriptors are written side by side.

[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor Descriptive statement describing file information as described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file / system information recorded on information storage medium". As shown in FIG. 27: -Descriptor Tag 421 ... Represents an identifier of the description content, in this case "257" -File Characteristics 422 ...
Indicates the file type, Parent Directory, Director
It means either y, File Data, or the file deletion flag.

Information control block (Information Contr
ol Block) 423 ... FE corresponding to this file
The location is described by the Long Allocation Descriptor.

File Identifier 424 ... Directory name or file name.

Padding 437 ... File Identifier D
This is a dummy area added to adjust the length of the entire escriptor, and normally all "0" s are recorded. Etc. are described.

[C] Example of file structure recorded on information storage medium in accordance with UDF "[A-2] Outline of UDF" The contents will be described below in detail using a specific example.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a more general file system structure as compared with FIG. 22 (a). Direct in parentheses
Indicates the logical block number on the information storage medium in which the information about the contents of ory or the data content of File Data is recorded.

An example in which the information of the file system structure shown in FIG. 28 is recorded on the information storage medium in accordance with the UDF format is shown in FIG.
e) Shown at 486.

As a method for managing the unrecorded position on the information storage medium, * Space Bitmap method ... Space Bitmap Descriptor 470 is used to "record" in a logical manner in all logical blocks in the recording area in the information storage medium. Set the flag as "completed" or "unrecorded".

* Space table method: Using the description method of Unallocated Space Entry 471, all unrecorded logical block numbers are described as a list of Short Allocation Descriptors. There are two methods.

In the description of the present embodiment, both formulas are intentionally shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 for the purpose of explanation, but both are actually used together (recorded on the information storage medium).
There is almost nothing, and only one of them is used.

Main Desc described in FIGS. 20 and 21
The outline of the contents of riptor is as follows.

[Beginning Extended Area Descripto]
r445 ... Indicates the start position of Volume Recognition Sequence.

-Volume Structure Descriptor 446
... Describe the contents of the volume, -Boot Descriptor 447 ... Describe the processing contents at boot, -Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 448 ...
Indicates the end position of Volume Recognition Sequence. Partition Descriptor 450 ... Indicates partition information (size etc.). In the DVD-RAM, one partition (Partition) is basically used for each Volume.-Logical Volume Descriptor 454 ... Describes the contents of a logical volume.-Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 458 ... Main Volume Descriptor Se in the information storage medium recording area.
quence 449 and Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 4
The recording position of 67 is shown.

-Reserved (all 00hbytes) 459-4
65 ... In order to secure a logical sector number for recording a specific Descriptor, an adjustment area in which all "0" s are recorded is provided between them.

-Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequenc
e467 ... Main Volume Descriptor. Sequence449
A packed-up area for information recorded in.

[D] Access method to file data during reproduction Information storage medium for reproducing data contents of File Data H 432 (see FIG. 28) using the file system information shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. The above access processing method will be described.

1) Volume Reco as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Boot Descriptor 4 in the gnition Sequence 444 area
Go to play 47 information.

2) Processing at the time of booting starts in accordance with the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no special boot process specified, the main volume description sequence (Main Volume Descriptor Sequence) 44
Logical volume descriptors within 9 areas (Logical V
olume Descriptor) 454 information is reproduced.

3) Logical Volume Descriptor 454
Inside the Logical Volume
e Contents Use) 455 is described in the file set descriptor (File Set Descripto).
r) The logical block number indicating the recorded position of 472 is described in the Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 23) format. (In the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100).) 4) 100th logical block (3 in the logical sector number)
72nd) and go to File Set Descripto
Play r472. Root Directory ICB 4 in it
73 File Ent on Root Directory A 425
The place where ry is recorded (logical block number) is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from LAD (102)). Root Directory
According to LAD (102) of ICB 473, 5) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
The File Entry 475 relating to the rectory A 425 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information relating to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded is read (AD (103)).

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 42
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 8.
A logical block number (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) recorded in the File Entry relating to rectory D 428 is read.

7) The 110th logical block is accessed and File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
Is read and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is Sub Directo
Since it is directly under ry F 430, Sub Directo
File Identifier Descriptor for ry F 430
Searching for File En on Sub Directory F 430
Logical block number recorded by try (FIG. 20, FIG. 21)
Although not shown in the figure, LAD (112)) is read.

9) Access the 112th logical block and perform File Entry for Sub Directory F 430
482 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information regarding the contents of Sub Directory F 430, and File Iden regarding File Data H 432.
Find the tifierDescriptor. And from there File Data
Logical block number in which File Entry related to H 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LAD
(114)) is read.

11) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 4 relating to File Data H 432.
84 is reproduced and the data content of File Data H 432 is 48.
Read the position where 9 is recorded.

12) Fi regarding File Data H 432.
Information is reproduced from the information storage medium in the order of the logical block numbers described in le Entry 484, and File Data H
The data content 489 of 432 is read.

[E] Specific File Data Content Change Method A processing method including access when changing the data content of File Data H 432 using the file system information shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 will be described.

1) Obtain the capacity difference of the data contents before and after the change of File Data H 432, and set the value to 2048 Byte.
It is divided by es and the number of additional logical blocks to be used for recording the changed data or the number of logical blocks to be unnecessary is calculated in advance.

2) Volume Reco as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Boot Descriptor 4 in the gnition Sequence 444 area
Go to play 47 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no designated boot process, 3) First, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451
S in (also called Partition Header Descriptor)
The recording position of pace table or Space Bitmap is shown.

-Space Table position is Unallocated Space
The column of Table 452 describes in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21)
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format. (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21), 4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 3). Space Bitma
The Space Bitmap information is read from pDescriptor 470, the unrecorded logical block is searched, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered (Space BitmapDescrip
rewriting process of tor460 information). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 3). Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * The actual process is either "4)" or "4 ')".

5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Sequ
Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the ence 449 area
Play the information of.

6) Logical Volume Descriptor 454
Describes Logical Volume Contents Use 455, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocati.
It is described in the on Descriptor (FIG. 23) format. (Fig. 2
0, in the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100). ) 7) 100th logical block (4 for logical sector number)
(It becomes the 00th) and File Set Descripto
Play r472. Root Directory ICB 4 in it
73 File Ent on Root Directory A 425
The location (logical block number) where ry is recorded is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (from LAD (102) to 102 in the examples of FIGS. 20 and 21).
Recorded in the second logical block). Root Director
y According to LAD (102) of ICB 473, 8) Access the 102nd logical block and execute Root Di
The File Entry 475 relating to the rectory A 425 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded is read (AD (103)).

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory
Since it exists under the D 428 series, Directory D
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 428,
The logical block number (LAD (110) (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) recorded in the File Entry for Directory D 428 is read.

10) Access the 110th logical block, and execute File Entry 4 for Directory D 428.
80 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information relating to the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is SubDirectory
Since it is directly below F 430, SubDirectory F
The File Identifier Descriptor for 430 is searched for, and the logical block number (LAD (112) not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) in which the File Entry for SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read.

12) The 112th logical block is accessed and the File Entry for SubDirectory F 430 is accessed.
The position where the information about the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is recorded after reproducing 482 (logical block number)
Is read (AD (113)).

13) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information regarding the contents of SubDirectory F 430, and execute File Identi regarding File Data H 432.
Find fierDescriptor. And from there File Data H
Logical block number in which File Entry for 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LAD
(114)) is read.

14) Access the 114th logical block and make a File Entry for File Data H 432.
Playback 484 and File Data H 432 data content 4
The position where 89 is recorded is read.

15) The changed File Data H 432 in consideration of the logical block number additionally registered in 4) or 4 ').
The data content 489 of

[F] Specific file data / directory erasing processing method: File Data H 432 or SubDirectory
A method of erasing F 430 will be described.

Volume Recognit is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Boot Descriptor 447 in the ion Sequence 444 area
Go to play information.

The processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process, first select Main Volume
Logical Volume in Descriptor Sequence 449 area
The information in the Descriptor 454 is reproduced.

3) Logical Volume Descriptor 454
Describes Logical Volume Contents Use 455, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocati.
It is described in the on Descriptor (FIG. 23) format. (Fig. 2
0, in the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100). ) 4) 100th logical block (4 in logical sector number)
(It becomes the 00th) and File Set Descripto
Play r472. Root Directory ICB 4 in it
73 File Ent on Root Directory A 425
The place where ry is recorded (logical block number) is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from LAD (102)). Root Directory
5) Access the 102nd logic block according to LAD (102) of ICB 473 and execute Root Di
File Entry 475 relating to rectory A 425 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where information relating to the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded is read (AD (103)).

6) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 42
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for # 8, Dire
The logical block number (LAD (110) (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21)) recorded in the File Entry for the ctory D 428 is read.

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 48 for Directory D 428 is accessed.
0 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Directory D 428.

File Data H 432 is SubDirectory
Since it exists directly under F 430, SubDirectory
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for F430.

<< When Deleting SubDirectory F 430 >> File Identi for SubDirectory F 430
"File deletion flag" is set to FileCharacteristics 422 (Fig. 27) in fier Descriptor.

File for SubDirectory F 430
Logical block number recorded in Entry (Fig. 20, Fig. 2
Although not shown in FIG. 1, LAD (112)) is read.

9) Access the 112th logical block, and execute File Entry 4 for SubDirectory F 430.
82 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) Access the 113th logical block, reproduce the information related to the contents of SubDirectory F 430, and execute File Identi related to File Data H 432.
Find fierDescriptor.

<< When Deleting File Data H 432 >> File Identifi for File Data H 432.
File Characteristics 422 in er Descriptor
A "file deletion flag" is set in (FIG. 27). From there, File Entry for File Data H 432.
The logical block number (LAD (114) (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21)) recorded in is read.

11) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File Entry related to File Data H 432.
Playback 484 and File Data H 432 data content 4
The position where 89 is recorded is read.

<< In case of erasing File Data H 432 >> The logical block in which the data content 489 of File Data H 432 was recorded is released by the following method (the logical block is registered in the unrecorded state).

12) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the quence 449 area is reproduced, and the Partition Contents U described in it is reproduced.
Read the information of se451. This Partition Contents
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown in Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

-Space Table position is Unallocated Space
The column of Table 452 describes in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21)
(50)) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format. (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 20 and 21) 13) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 12) and obtain the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) ”Space Bitmap
Rewrite as Descriptor 470. Alternatively, 13 ') the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 12) is accessed, and the "release logical block number" obtained as a result of 11) is Space Tab
Rewrite as le.

* Actual processing is “13)” or “1”
3 ') "or either one of them is performed.

<< In case of erasing File Data H 432 >> 12) Follow the same procedure as 10) -11)
The position where the data content 490 of I 433 is recorded is read.

13) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the quence 449 area is reproduced, and the Partition Contents U described in it is reproduced.
Read the information of se451. This Partition Contents
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is shown in Use 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

-Space Table position is Unallocated Space
The column of Table 452 describes in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21)
(50)) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format. (AD (0) in the example of FIG. 20 and FIG. 21) 14) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 13), and 11) and 1
The "logical block number to release" obtained as a result of 2) is Sp
Rewrite as ace Bitmap Descriptor 470. Or 14 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 13), and 11) and 1
The "logical block number to release" obtained as a result of 2) is Sp
Rewrite as ace Table.

* Actual processing is "14)" or "1"
4 ') "or either one of them is performed.

[G] As an example of file data / directory addition processing, an access / addition processing method for newly adding file data or a directory under the Sub Directory F 430 will be described.

1) When adding file data, check the capacity of the file data contents to be added, and set the value to 20.
Divide by 48 Bytes to calculate the number of logical blocks required to add file data.

2) Volume Reco as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Boot Descriptor 4 in the gnition Sequence 444 area
Go to play 47 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. 3) If there is no designated boot process, first, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451
Spa in (also called Partition Header Descriptor)
The recording position of ce Table or Space Bitmap is shown.

-Space Table position is Unallocated Space
The column of Table 452 describes in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21)
(50)) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
The field 53 is described in the Short Allocation Descriptor format. (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21) 4) Access the logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 3). Space Bitmap
Read Space Bitmap information from Descriptor 470,
Find the unrecorded logical block and register the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) (Space Bitmap Descripto
r460 information rewriting process). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 3). Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*), ..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block for the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * Actual process is either "4)" or "4 ')".

5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Sequ
Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the ence 449 area
Play the information of.

6) Logical Volume Descriptor 454
Describes Logical Volume Contents Use 455, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocati.
It is described in the on Descriptor (FIG. 23) format. (Fig. 2
0, in the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from LAD (100). ) 7) 100th logical block (4 for logical sector number)
(It becomes the 00th) and File Set Descripto
Play r472. Root Directory ICB 4 in it
73 File Ent on Root Directory A 425
The place where ry is recorded (logical block number) is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from LAD (102)). Root Directory
8) Access the 102nd logic block according to LAD (102) of ICB 473 and execute Root Di
The File Entry 475 relating to the rectory A 425 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information relating to the contents of the Root Directory A 425 is recorded is read (AD (103)).

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce the information related to the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Ide for Directory D 428
The ntifier Descriptor is searched for, and the logical block number in which the File Entry for Directory D 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LAD (110))
To read.

10) Access the 110th logical block and make a File Entry 48 for Directory D 428.
0 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce the information relating to the contents of Directory D 428.

File for Sub Directory F 430
Find the Identifier Descriptor and go to Sub Directory F
Logical block number in which File Entry for 430 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LAD
(112)) is read.

12) The 112th logical block is accessed and the File Entr related to Sub Directory F 430 is accessed.
The y 482 is reproduced and the position (logical block number) where the information regarding the contents of the Sub Directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

13) Access the 113th logical block, and register the file identifier descriptor of the file data or directory to be newly added in the information regarding the contents of Sub Directory F 430.

14) Access the logical block number position registered in 4) or 4 '), and record the File Entry relating to the file data or directory to be newly added.

15) Short in File Entry of 14)
Pare regarding the directory to be accessed by accessing the logical block number position indicated in the Allocation Descriptor
Record the data identifier of the File Identifier Descriptor of nt Directory or the file data to be added.

30 and 31 for the recorded information contents (data structure) of the information recorded in the rewritable information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001) of the video information and the music information shown in FIG. 29 (a). However, it will be described below.

Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk 100
1) As a schematic data structure of information recorded above, as shown in FIG. 29B, the inner side (Inner Side 10
In order from 06) ・ Embossed data zone with a light-reflecting surface having an uneven shape, and a mirror zone with a flat surface (mirror surface) (mirror zone) and information can be rewritten.
Rewritable data zone
Lead-in Area 1002 with
Rewritable da that can be recorded and rewritten by the user
Volume & File Management Information (Volume & File), which is recorded in ta Zone and records information about the file of audio and video data (Audio & Video Data) or the entire volume.
ManagerInformation) Recorded by 1003 users
A data area 1004 including a rewritable data zone that can be rewritten is divided into a lead-out area 1005 including a rewritable data zone in which information can be rewritten.

[0399] Embossed data of Lead-in Area 1002
In the Zone, information about the entire information storage medium such as a disc type such as a DVD-ROM / -RAM / -R, a disc size, a recording density, a physical sector number indicating a recording start / recording end position, a recording power and a recording pulse. Information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics such as width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing, information on manufacturing one information storage medium such as a manufacturing number, and the like are recorded in advance. -in Area10
02 Rewritable data Zone and Lead-out Area 100
The Rewritable data Zone 5 has a unique disc name recording area for each information storage medium, a test recording area (for confirmation of recording and erasing conditions), and a management information recording area for a defective area in the Data Area 1004. The information recording / reproducing apparatus can record in the above area.

Lead-in Area 1002 and Lead-out Area
The Data Area 1004 sandwiched between 1005 is shown in FIG.
Computer Data and Audio & Video as shown in (c)
Mixed recording of Data is possible. Computer Data
, The recording order of Audio & Video Data, and the size of each recording information are arbitrary, and the location where Computer Data is recorded is the Computer Data Area 1008,
An area in which Audio & Video Data is recorded is called 1010 and is named Audio & Video Data Area 1009.

The data structure of the information recorded in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is as shown in FIG. 29D. Anchor Pointer for Control Informa
tion) 1015: Audio & Video Data Area10
It is located at the first position in 09, Audio & Video Dat
Control Information 1011 in a Area 1009
Information indicating the start position (start address) where is recorded, Control Information (Control Information)
1011: Video objects 1012: Control information necessary for performing each process of recording (recording), reproduction, editing, and search.
Video Data Recording Information of Contents, Picture Objects 10
13: Still image information such as a Still image and a Slide image, audio object 101
4: Recording information of Audio Data contents (Contents) ・ Thumbnail Objects 1
016: Thumbnails (Thumbnai) used when searching for a desired location in Video Data or when editing
l) and other information, etc.

Video Objects 1012 of FIG. 29D,
Picture Objects 1013, AudioObjects 1014, Th
umbnail Objects 1016 is a collection (group) of information classified according to content contents (data contents).
Means Therefore Audio & Video Data Area
All video information recorded in 1009 is Video Objects.
1012, all still image information is Picture Objects
All audio and audio information included in 1013 is Audio O
Thumbnail Objects 1016 is all thumbnail information included in bjects 1014 and used for managing / retrieving video information.
include.

The VOB (Video Obj) shown in FIG.
ect) 1403 indicates a block (collection) of information recorded in the AVFile 1401, and Video of FIG. 29 (d).
The definition is different from Objects 1012. Note that although the terms are similar, they are used in different meanings.

Further, the contents of the Control Information 1011 are: AV Data Control Information 1101: Vi
management information for managing the data structure in the deo Objects 1012, and information regarding the recording position on the optical disk 1001 which is an information storage medium, playback control information (Pl
ayback Control Information) 1021: control information necessary for reproduction, recording control information (Re
cording Control Information) 1022: control information necessary for recording (recording / recording), edit control information (Edit
Control Information) 1023: Control information required for editing, Thumbnail control information (Thumbn
ail Control Information) 1024: Video Data
Thumbnail for searching or editing where you want to see in (Thumbn
It has management information about ail object).

The AV Da shown in FIG. 29 (e) is also included.
The data structure in ta Control Information 1101 is as follows: Allocation Map Table
able) 1105: Information Storage Medium (Optical Disk 10)
01) Address setting according to the actual layout above, recorded
Information about identification of unrecorded area, etc. ・ Video title set information (Video T
itle Set Information) 1106: Shows the overall information content in the AV File 1401 as shown in FIG.
Connection information between each video object (VOB), time information such as grouping information of multiple VOBs for management / retrieval and time map table (Time Map Table), etc.-Video object control information (Video Object Control Information) 1107
: AV File 1401 as shown in FIG.
Showing information about each VOB in the VOB, attribute (characteristic) information for each VOB, information about each VOBU in the VOB, program chain control information (PGC Control Information) 1103: information about a video information reproducing program (sequence), Cell playback information (Cell Pl
ayback Information) 1108: Information about the data structure of the video information basic unit at the time of reproduction.

An overview up to (f) in FIG. 29 has the above contents, but a little supplementary explanation will be given below for individual information.

[0407] Volume & File Manager Information
In 1003, information regarding the whole Volume, the number of files of PC data included, the number of files regarding AV data, recording layer information, and the like are recorded.
Especially as recording layer information ・ Number of constituent layers (eg 1 layer of RAM / ROM dual layer disc counts as 2 layers, 1 layer of ROM dual layer disc counts as 2 layers, n single-sided disc counts as n layer), ・ Allocation for each layer Logical sector number range table (capacity for each layer), characteristics for each layer (eg DVD-RAM disk, RAM / ROM
RAM part of a two-layer disc, CD-ROM, CD-R, etc.)-Zone assigned logical sector number range table (including rewritable area capacity information for each layer) in the RAM area for each layer -Unique ID information for each layer (... in order to find out disc exchange in multiple disc pack) is recorded, and consecutive logical sector numbers are set even for multiple disc pack and RAM / ROM two-layer disc. Then, it can be handled as one large Volume space.

Playback Control Information 1021
Then, information about the playback sequence that integrates PGC,
Related to the above, information indicating a pseudo recording position where the information storage medium is regarded as one tape like a VTR or DVC (a sequence for continuously reproducing all recorded cells), different video information Information related to simultaneous playback of multiple screens, search information (... Cell IDs corresponding to each search category and a table of start times within that cell are recorded, and the user can select a category to directly access the corresponding video information. Information), etc. are recorded. Also Recording Control Informat
In ion 1022, program reservation recording information and the like are recorded. Further Ed
In the it Control Information 1023: Special editing information for each PGC (... time setting information and special editing content are described as EDL information),
File conversion information (... A specific part in the AV file can be specially edited on the PC such as an AVI file, and conversion into a file and designation of a storage location of the converted file) are recorded. See also Thumbnail Control
Information 1024 includes management information about Thumbnail Objects 1016 (...
(Recording location of each thumbnail image in Audio & Video Data Area 1009, designation information of VOB or Cell related to each thumbnail image, location information in VOB or Cell related to each thumbnail image)
(VOB and Cell will be described in detail at the content explanation place in FIG. 30).

All information recorded in the Data Area 1004 of FIG. 29 (b) is recorded in file units, and the relationship between each data file is managed by the directory structure as shown in FIG.

Below the root directory 1450, a plurality of sub-directories 1451 are provided for easy classification for each recorded file content. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 31, the Computer Data Area 100 shown in FIG.
Data files related to Computer Data recorded in 8, 1010 are recorded under the Computer Data storage subdirectory 1457, and are recorded as Audio & Video Data Are.
Audio & Video Data recorded in a1009 is recorded under the rewritable video title set RWV_TS1452. When the video information recorded on the DVD Video disc is copied to FIG. 29A, it is copied under the video title set VIDEO_TS1455 and the audio title set AUDIO_TS1456.

Control Information 10 in FIG. 29 (d)
Eleven pieces of information are recorded as one file as recording / playback video management data. In the embodiment of FIG. 31, the file name is named RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO. Furthermore, the same information is backed up as RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP.
It is recorded with the file name called. This RWVIDEO_CON
TROL.IFO and RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP 2 files are treated as conventional computer files.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 31, the structure shown in FIG.
All video information data belonging to Video Objects 1012 has a file name of RWVIDEO.VOB Video Obj
It is recorded collectively in ectsFile 1447. That is, all the video information data belonging to VideoObjects 1012 in FIG. 29D is one V information as shown in FIG. 30B.
They are continuously combined in TS (Video Title Set 1402) and continuously recorded in one file called VideoObjects File 1447. (Ie PTT
(Part_of_Title) All the files are recorded together in one file without dividing the file for each 1407 and 1408. ) In addition, all the still image information data belonging to Picture Objects 1013 has a file name of RWPICTURE.POB.
It is recorded collectively in Picture Objects File 1448. Picture Objects 1013 includes a plurality of pieces of still image information. 1 for digital cameras
Although a recording format in which each still image is recorded as a separate file is adopted, in the embodiment of the present invention, unlike the recording format of the digital camera, Picture Objects 10
All still images contained in 13 are continuously connected in the same format as in Fig. 30, and one Picture Objects File 1448 with the file name RWPICTURE.POB is connected.
The feature of the embodiment of the present invention lies in the fact that the information is collectively recorded.

Similarly, all audio information belonging to Audio Objects 1014 also has a file name of 1 called RWAUDIO.AOB.
All thumbnail information recorded in one Audio Objects File 1449 and belonging to Thumbnail Objects 1016 is also Thu named RWTHUMBNAIL.TOB.
It is recorded collectively in the mbnail Objects File 1458.

Note that Video Objects File 1447,
Picture Objects File 1448, Audio Objects
File 1449, Thumbnail Objects File 1458
Are treated as AV File 1401.

Although not shown in FIG. 29, the recording / reproducing additional information 1454 which can be used at the time of recording / reproducing an image can be simultaneously recorded, and the information is collectively recorded as one file. In the form of RWADD.DAT
The file name is called.

FIG. 30 shows the data structure in the AV File.
Shown in. As shown in FIG. 30B, the AV File
One PGS (Program Set) 14 for the entire 1401
02 is configured. PGS (Program Set) 1
The contents of Audio & Video Data and A in 402
A plurality of VOBs (Video Objects) separated according to the order of the information recorded in the V File 1401.
) It consists of a group of 1403, 1404 and 1405.

VOB (Video Object) of FIG. 30 (d)
1403, 1404, and 1405 are AV files 140
29, which is defined as a group of Audio & Video Data recorded in 1 and has a strong categorical color such as video information / still image information / audio information / thumbnail information.
It has different definition contents from the Video Objects 1012 shown in (d). Therefore, the VOB (Vi
deo Object) Vid in 1403, 1404, 1405
Not only the information classified into eo Objects 1012 is recorded, but also Picture Objects 1 as shown in FIG. 29.
013, AudioObjects 1014, Thumbnail Objects 1
Information classified into 016 is also recorded.

Based on the information contents (contents) recorded in each VOB 1403, 1404, 1405, grouping is performed for each related VOB, and PG is set for each group.
(Program: Program) 1407 and 1408. That is, the PGs 1407 and 1408 are configured as an aggregate of one or a plurality of VOBs. Figure 3
In the 0 (c) embodiment, VOB 1404 and VOB 14
PG (Program) 1408 is composed of two VOBs 05, and PG (Program) 1407 is composed of only one VOB.

The minimum basic unit of video information is VOBU (Vide
Object Unit) 1411-1414, VOB
The data in 1403 to 1405 are configured as an aggregate of the VOBUs 1411 to 1414 as shown in FIG. In many cases, MPEG1 or MPEG2 is used for the video information compression technique in Video Object 1012. In MPEG, video information is divided into groups called GOPs at intervals of about 0.5 seconds, and video information is compressed in units of GOPs. VOBU (Video Object Uni
t) 1411 to 1414 form video information compression units.

Further, the VOBUs 1411 to 1414 are Sectors 1431 to 143 in units of 2048 Bytes, respectively.
The data is divided into 7 and recorded. Each Sector 1431-14
In 37, each is recorded with a format of Pack structure,
Raw video information, sub-video information, audio information, and dummy information for each Pack are V_PCK (Video Pack) 1421, 1 respectively.
425, 1426, 1427, SP_PCK (Sub-picture
Pack) 1422, A_PCK (Audio Pack) 142
3, DM_PCK (Dummy Pack) 1424 is recorded in the form of a pack. 1 at the beginning of each pack
Since it has a pack header of 4 bytes, the amount of information recorded in each pack is 2034 bytes.

Here, DM_PCK (Dummy Pack) 142
4 is for post addition of postscript information after recording (... Audio after recording
Dummy Pack to be inserted in the Pack and exchanged with the Dummy Pack Insert memo information into the sub-picture information (in the Sub-picture Pack)
It is inserted in advance for the purpose of use.

The information storage medium (Opti) shown in FIG.
A recording area of a DVD-RAM disk, which is an example of the cal disk 1001), is divided into a plurality of sectors. A data amount of 2048 Bytes can be recorded per sector. In this DVD-RAM disc, sectors (2
Recording / playback is performed in units of 048 bytes. Therefore, the DVD-R is used as an information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001).
When an AM disc is used, each Pack is recorded in units of Sector 1431 to 1437 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 30B and 30D, AV
A VTS (Video Title Set) 1402 is formed by a series of connections of all VOBs 1403 to 1405 in the File 1401.
Is configured. On the other hand, Playback Control I
In the playback procedure described in nformation1021, any V
It is possible to specify an arbitrary range within the OB and to reproduce in an arbitrary reproduction order. The basic units of video information at the time of reproduction are cells 1441, 1442,
Call 1443. Cell 1441, 1442, 144
3 can specify an arbitrary range within an arbitrary VOB, but cannot specify it across VOBs (a range cannot be set by connecting multiple VOBs with one Cell).

In the embodiment of FIG. 30 (g), the Cell
1441 is one VOBU1412 in the VOB1403.
, The Cell 1442 designates one VOB 1404 as a whole, and the Cell 1443 designates the range of only a specific pack (V_PCK1427) in the VOBU 1414.

Information indicating a video information reproduction sequence is set by PGC (Program Chain) 1446, and this reproduction sequence is described by one cell designation or connection information of a plurality of cells. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 30 (h), PGC (Program Chain)
1446 is Cell1441, Cell1442, and Ce
A playback program is configured as a connection of the ll1443. (Detailed description of the relationship between Cell and PGC will be given later.) Playback using FIGS. 32 and 33.
The contents of Control Information 1021 will be described.

Playback Control Information 1021
PGC (Program Chain) Control Information 1
Reference numeral 103 has the data structure shown in FIG. 32, and the reproduction order is determined by PGC and Cell. PGC is C
The unit for executing a series of reproductions in which the reproduction order of ell is specified is shown. As shown in FIG. 30 (f), each Cell has V
The reproduction section in which the reproduction data in the OB is designated by the start address and the end address is shown.

PGC control information (PGC Control Infor
mation) 1103 is PGC information management information (PGC
Information Management Information) 1052, 1
One or more PGC information search pointers (Search Pointer
of PGC Information) 1053, 1054 and P
GC information (PGC Information) 1055, 105
It is composed of 6, 1057.

PGC Information Management Infor
In the mation 1052, information indicating the number of PGCs (Number o
f PGC Information) is included. Search Pointer
of PGC Information 1053, 1054 is for each P
It points to the beginning of the GC Information to facilitate the search. PGC Information 1055, 105
6, 1057 are PGC General Information 106
1 and 1 or more Cell Playback Information1
It consists of 062 and 1063. PGC General Informati
on1061 is information indicating the playback time of the PGC and the number of cells (Number of Cell Playback Information)
Is included.

As shown in FIG. 33, the reproduction data is specified as a cell in the reproduction section from Cell-A to Cell-F, and PGC Information is defined in each PGC.

(1) PGC # 1 shows an example composed of cells in which continuous playback sections are designated, and the playback order is Cell-A → Cell-B → Cell-
It becomes C.

(2) PGC # 2 shows an example in which cells are designated with intermittent playback sections, and the playback order is Cell-D → Cell-E → Cell-F.

(3) PGC # 3 shows an example in which reproduction is possible irrespective of the reproduction direction and duplicate reproduction, and the reproduction order is Cell-E → Cell-A → Cell-D.
→ Cell-B → Cell-E.

FIG. 34 shows a method of setting a video information recording position when setting an unused area in AVFile on the recording / playback application software side according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is assumed that the state shown in FIG.
When the LBN is partially erased from D to E, the file size of the AV file does not change as shown in FIG. 34B because there is an unused area in the AV file # 1 in the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, File for AV files
Entry remains FE (AD (C)). Therefore, even when a new PC file is recorded, the PC file does not enter the unused area between AV files # 1. Next, when video information is additionally recorded by recording, the additionally recordable information enters the unused area from D to E in the LBN, and changes to the additional recording area. Thus, the AV of the present invention
In the method of setting an unused area in the File, it is not necessary to change the file system information of the UDF one by one for partial erasing with a small amount and additional recording by recording, and the processing on the file system becomes easy. When the amount of video information to be recorded further increases, the AV file size increases. FIG. 34
The unrecorded area where the LBN in (c) is from B to C is absorbed in the video file # 1. While the number of Extents of the video file in FIG. 34 (c) is one AD (C), FIG.
In (d), the Extent of AD (A) is increased by one, and File Entry
Becomes FE (AD (C), AD (B)).

FIG. 35 shows the relationship between LBN and AV Address in the AV file according to the present invention. AV File14
The information of 01 is physically scattered and recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. Now AV File14
01 is Extent # α 3166, Extent # γ 316
8, recorded in Extent # δ 3169 in a distributed manner, File Entr
The entry order on y is Extent # δ 3169, Exten
Consider a case where t # γ 3168 and Extent # α 3166 are set. AV Addres managed by recording / playback application 1
s is a File regardless of the recording position on the information storage medium.
Extents registered in Entry are continuously connected and Fi
AV A with the smallest entry order on le Entry
The ddress value is set. AV Address is Ext
It is managed by ent. Extent #
The LBN value of the first sector of γ 3168 is shown in FIG.
As shown in, the LBN value of the last sector is "d".
If it is −1 ”, the AV Address values of the same sector are“ fe ”and“ (f, respectively) as shown in FIG.
-E) + (dc) -1 ".

Among the embodiments shown in FIG. 6, XX and XX
-In PS, LBN / ODD, and LBN / ODD-PS, if a part of AV File 1401 is deleted, that part becomes "unused VOB # A 3173", and is managed as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37 on the recording / playback application. To be done. (Ie Fi
Extent is not released (deleted) on le System2. ) FIG. 36 shows the case where the central portion of VOB # 1 is deleted. Then, FIG. 37 shows the management state when the VOB is deleted as shown in FIG. That is, an example of the number of VOB information, the number of unused VOB information, the type, the data size, and the AV Address of the head position is shown. That is, the management content is rewritten as shown in the right column. Therefore, in the case of subsequent reproduction, erasure, and additional writing, this management information is referred to for address management.

Unlike conventional computer information, video information requires guarantee of continuity at the time of recording as shown in the tables of FIGS. The reason for impeding the continuity at the time of recording and the method for guaranteeing the continuity at the time of recording will be described below.

FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system for explaining continuity at the time of recording.

Video information sent from the outside is temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219. When the optical head 202 reaches the recording position on the information storage medium 201 by the rough access 1334 and the fine access 1333 operations, the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) B
The image information temporarily stored in the M219 is the optical head 202.
It is recorded on the information storage medium 201 via the. From the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 to the optical head 2
Here, the transfer rate of the video information sent to 02 is a physical transfer rate (PTR) 1 here.
It is defined as 387. The average value of the transfer rates of the video information transferred from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 is calculated as the system transfer rate (STR).
ission Rate) 1388. Generally, the physical transfer rate PTR and the system transfer rate STR have different values.

In order to successively record video information at different locations on the information storage medium 201, an access operation for moving the focus spot position of the optical head 202 is required. A coarse access 1334 for moving the entire optical head 202 is performed for a large movement, and a fine access 1333 for moving only an objective lens for condensing a laser beam is performed for a minute distance movement, although not shown.

39 and 40 show a buffer memory for sequentially recording video information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 while controlling the access of the optical head 202 to the video information transferred from the outside. (Semiconductor memory) The time transition of the image information amount temporarily stored in BM219 is shown. Since the physical transfer rate PTR is generally faster than the system transfer rate STR, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 continues to decrease during the video information recording times 1393, 1397, and 1398. The amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 becomes “0”. At that time, the video information that is continuously transferred is continuously recorded on the information storage medium 201 as it is without being temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219, and the amount of video information that is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219. Remains in the state of "0".

Next, when video information is to be recorded at another position on the information storage medium 201 subsequently, the access processing of the optical head 202 is executed prior to the recording operation. As the access period of the optical head 202, as shown in FIG. 40, coarse access times 1348 and 1376, and fine access time 1
Three types of time are required, 342 and 1343 and rotation waiting times 1345 and 1346 of the information storage medium 201. Since the recording process to the information storage medium 201 is not performed during this period, the physical transfer rate PTR1387 during this period is substantially "0". On the contrary, the average system transfer rate STR1388 of the image information sent from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219.
Is kept unchanged, the temporary storage amount 1341 of image information in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 continues to increase.

When the access to the optical head 202 is completed and the recording process to the information storage medium 201 is started again (the period of the video information recording time 1397 and 1398), the temporary storage amount of the video information in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219. 1341 decreases again. This decrease gradient is determined by [average system transfer rate STR1332]-[physical transfer rate PTR1331].

After that, when the position near the recording position on the information storage medium is accessed again, only the fine access can be performed. Therefore, the fine access times 1363, 1364, 1
365, 1366 and rotation waiting times 1367, 1368,
Only 1369 and 1370 are needed.

As a condition for enabling continuous recording in this way, the "upper limit value of the number of times of access within a specific period" can be defined. Although the continuous recording has been described above, the condition for enabling continuous reproduction can be defined by the "upper limit of the number of times of access within a specific period" for the same reason as described above.

The access count condition that makes continuous recording absolutely impossible will be described with reference to FIG. When the access frequency is highest, the video information recording time 1 as shown in FIG.
393 is very short, and has a close access time of 1363 and 136.
4, 1365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 13
Only 68, 1369, and 1370 are consecutive. In this case, recording continuity cannot be ensured no matter how fast the physical transfer rate PTR1387 is. If the capacity of the buffer memory 219 is represented by BM, the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 becomes full during the period of BM ÷ STR, and the newly transferred video information is transferred to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219. Temporary storage becomes impossible. As a result, it becomes impossible to continuously record the image information that has not been temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219.

As shown in FIG. 40, when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced and the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is kept almost constant globally, the buffer information in the buffer memory 219 The continuity of video information recording seen from the external system is secured without overflowing the temporarily stored video information. SA for each rough access time
Ti (Seek Access Time of the objective lens), the average coarse access time after n times of access is SATa, and the video information recording time for each access is DWTi (Data Write Tim).
e) Let DWTa be the average video information recording time for recording the video information on the information storage medium after each access obtained as the average value after n times of access. In addition, the rotation waiting time for each rotation is MWTi (Spindle Motor Wait Time)
And the average rotation waiting time after n times of access is MWTa.

The amount of video information data transferred from the outside to the buffer memory 219 during the entire access period when accessed n times is Becomes This value and the amount of video information transferred from the buffer memory 219 to the information storage medium 201 at the time of accessing the video information n times Between Ie In this case, the continuity is ensured when recording the video information as seen from the external system side. Assuming that the average time required for one access is Ta, Ta = SATa + JATa + MWTa (4), so equation (3) is Will be transformed. A major feature of the present invention is that the average number of accesses is reduced by limiting the lower limit value of the data size for continuous recording after one access. The data area to be continuously recorded on the information storage medium after one access is "Co
ntiguous Data Area ”.

From equation (5) Can be transformed. Contiguous Data Area size CDAS
Is calculated by CDAS = DWTa × PTR (7), so from equations (6) and (7) Becomes Cont to enable continuous recording from equation (8)
The lower limit of the iguous Data Area size can be specified.

The time required for the rough access and the fine access greatly depends on the performance of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

Suppose now that SATa≈200 ms (9). As mentioned above, for example, MWTa≈18m
s, JATa ≈ 5 ms is used for calculation.

In the 2.6 GB DVD-RAM, TR = 11.08 Mbps (10). When the average transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR≈4 Mbps (11), CDAS ≧ 1.4 Mbits (12) is obtained by substituting the above numerical values into the equation (8). As another estimation, if SATa + JATa + MWTa = 1.5 seconds (13), then CDAS ≧ 9.4 Mbits (14) from equation (8). In addition, since the recording / reproducing DVD standard specifies that the maximum transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR = 8 Mbps (15) or less, substituting the value of expression (15) into expression (8), CDAS ≧ 43.2 Mbits ≈ 5.4 MBytes (16) is obtained.

Among the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, LBN
In / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, XX, and XX-PS, management of this contiguous data area boundary position is performed on the recording / playback application 1, and Allocation Ma shown in FIG.
Boundary position information management is performed by having a data structure as shown in FIG. 41 in p Table 1105.

Linear Repl as an alternative method to the defective area that has already occurred on the information storage medium using FIG.
A comparative explanation of acement and Skipping Replacement was given. Here, LBN (Logical Block
Number) Focusing on comparison of setting methods. As described above, the entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into sectors of 2048 bytes, and all sectors are physically assigned with a sector number (PSN: Physical Sector Nu
mber) is given. This PSN is an information recording / reproducing apparatus (ODD: Optical Disk Dri) as described in FIG.
ve) 3. As shown in FIG. 42 (β), in the Linear Replacement method, the setting area of the replacement area 3455 is limited to the spare area 724 and cannot be set to an arbitrary position. If there is no defective area on the information storage medium, the User Area 723
LBNs are assigned to all sectors in
No LBN is set for the sector in the rea 724. U
Defect area 3 in ECC block unit in ser Area 723
When 451 occurs, the setting of the LBN at this location is canceled (3461), and the LBN value is set for each sector in the substitution area 3455. In the example of FIG. 42 (β), as the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3441, “b”, LB
The value of "a" is set as N. Similarly, the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3442 is "b + 3".
2 "and LBN are set to" a + 32 ". As data to be recorded on the information storage medium, there are recording data # 1, recording data # 2, and recording data # 3 as shown in FIG. At this time, the recording data # 1 is recorded in the recording area 3441, and the recording data # 3 is recorded in the recording area 3442. The recording areas 3441 and 3442.
If the defective sector 3451 is a region where the PSN of the first sector starts with “b + 16”, the data is not recorded here and the LBN is not set. Instead, PSN of the first sector in Spare Area 724
Is recorded in the alternative area 3455 starting with "d".
2 is recorded and the LBN starting from the first sector “a + 16” is set. As shown in Figure 4, File System
The address managed by 2 is LBN, and Linear Replac
In the ement method, the defective area 3451 is avoided and the LBN is set. Therefore, it is important not to be aware of the defective area 3451 on the information storage medium in the File System 2.
It is a feature of the law. Conversely, with this method, File Sy
On the stem 2 side, there is a drawback that the defect area 3451 on the information storage medium cannot be dealt with at all.

On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, as shown in FIG. 42 (γ), the LBN is set also for the defective area 3452, and the File System 2 side also handles the defective area generated on the information storage medium. A major feature of the present invention is that it can be taken (entered within the control range). In the example of FIG. 42 (γ), the LBN of the leading sector of the defective area 3452 is set to “a + 16”. Also, the replacement area 3456 for the defective area 3452 is set to User
The following feature of the present invention lies in that it can be set at any position in the Area 723. As a result, the replacement area 3456 is arranged immediately after the defective area 3452, and the original defective area 3452 is formed.
The recording data # 2 to be recorded above is immediately replaced with the replacement area 34.
Can be recorded within 56. Linear Repl shown in Fig. 42 (β)
In the acement method, it is necessary to move the optical head to the Spare Area 724 in order to record the recording data # 2, and it takes a long time to access the optical head. On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, access to the optical head is unnecessary, and the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area. As shown in FIG. 42 (γ), SkippingRe
The placement method does not use the Spare Area 724 but treats it as a non-recording area 3459.

When the recording method as shown in FIG. 42 (β) is performed, the physical movement of the optical head is frequently performed as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 43, if there is a defective area when recording is performed up to point A in the figure, for example, a jump is made to point B in the spare area for replacement. The movement is required to jump back to point C in the write area next to the area.
With such a method, the movement of the optical head becomes more frequent when the number of defective areas increases, and it may not be possible to follow when the transfer rate of the input data to be written is high.

On the other hand, the point of the embodiment shown in FIG. 42, which shows the major feature of the present invention, and the effect corresponding thereto are: A] The LBN is set also for the defect region 3452.

Linear Replacem shown in FIG. 42 (β)
In the ent method and the defect processing method shown in FIG. 16, since the LBN is not directly added to the defect area, the correct defect area cannot be known from the File System 2. When the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium is small, it is possible to completely leave the defect management to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. 42 (β) and FIG. Further, when a large number of defects that exceed the size of the Spare Area occur, failure management will occur if only the information recording / reproducing device 3 performs defect management.

On the other hand, if an LBN is set in the defective area 3452 so that the location of the defective area 3452 can be recognized even on the File System 2 side, a method as shown in steps ST3-05 to -07 of the recording procedure described later will be performed. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 and the File System 2 can cooperate in defect processing, and even if a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium, the video information can be continuously recorded without failure.

B] LBN generated in User Area 723
The defect area 3452 set with is left as it is in the LBN space.

... Linear Replacem shown in FIG. 42 (β)
When the LBN is set in the Spare Area 724 (extended area 743 used for information recording) as shown in FIG. 16C as the LBN setting method even in the ent method and the same Skipping Replacement method (there is no problem in the initial recording, ) There is a problem when deleting recorded information and recording new information.

[0462] That is, from the perspective of File System 2, LBN
All consecutive addresses are set in the space (Spar
The LBN set in the e Area 746 is the User Area 72
File Syst that is physically located away from 3
Since the em2 is not known), FileSystem2 tries to record information in a continuous range on the LBN space. Once Spare A
If the LBN is set in the rea 724, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 has to record the information on the information storage medium according to the designation of the File System 2, and at the time of recording, the Spare Are
Since it becomes necessary to move to the LBN setting location on the a724 and record information, the access frequency of the optical head increases, and
As described above, the temporary storage amount of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated, and as a result, continuous recording may be impossible.

On the other hand, if the LBN set as shown in FIG. 42 (γ) is always set in the User Area 723, unnecessary access of the optical head is made when another information is recorded at that location after the information is deleted. Can be restricted, and continuous recording of video information becomes possible.

C] The replacement area 3456 is set immediately after the defective area 3452 generated in the user area 723.

As described above, the Li shown in FIG. 42 (β)
Compared with the near replacement method, Skipping in FIG. 42 (γ)
In the replacement method, the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area, and as a result, unnecessary access of the optical head can be restricted and continuous recording of video information becomes possible. There is a place to say.

The data structure of the defect management information when the Skipping Replacement method is performed will be described. As the recording method of the defect management information in this case, in the embodiment of the present invention, 1) as shown in FIG. , After converting to LBN information in the information recording / reproducing apparatus,
A method of notifying to the File System 2 side, and 2) a method of recording and managing as LBN information on an information storage medium as shown in FIG. 45, and directly reproducing and processing on the File System side without interposing the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 ( in this case,
The process of recording the defect management information on the information storage medium is also directly Fi
le System side corresponds)) method is presented.

Among the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, X
X, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-P
S, LBN / XXX, LBN / XXX-PS use the method of FIG. 44, LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-P
S, LBN / UDF-CDA Fix uses the method of FIG.

Linear Repl as shown in FIGS.
The defect management information corresponding to the acement method is PSN information as Lead-in Area 1002 and Lead-out Area 10 in FIG.
DM in Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 in 05
Areas 663 and 691 are provided, and Secondary Defect
It has already been recorded as List 3413. In the embodiment of the present invention, the defect management information (SDL) corresponding to the PC data is
3413) and defect management information (TDL3414) corresponding to AV data (video information) are recorded separately.

That is, in the present invention, Skipping Replacem
Defect management information compatible with the ent method
It is defined as ist3414. One replacement process (for example, replacement area 3 for defect area 3452 in FIG. 42 (γ))
456 settings), one for each TDL en
Give try 3427, 3428 information.

For the Linear Replacement method, the start sector 3 in the defective ECC block, which is the defective area location information.
431 and the start position sector number 3432 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block indicating the location of the replacement area are registered as group information. In the case of the Skipping Replacement method, the location of the replacement area 3456 is the defective area 3452.
It has been decided to be right after, so TDL entry 3427, 3
As the information in 428, the head sector number (PSN) 3433 in the defective ECC block and the skipping replacement identification information “FFFF” are used instead of the alternative area location designation.
FFh "is recorded as the group information of the location 3434. With this recording method, SD corresponding to the Linear Replacement method is used.
Defect management information that is consistent with L entries 3422 and 3423 can be recorded on the information storage medium. All the defect management information shown in FIG. 44 is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side. TDL reproduced by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side
All 3414 information or SDL 3413 information is PSN
It is recorded in. As shown in FIGS. 42 (β) (γ), there is a one-to-one correspondence between PSN and LBN for each defect processing method. Specifically, using the relationship shown in FIG. 11, “PSN →
After "LSN conversion" is performed, "LSN → LBN conversion" is performed using the relationship of FIGS. 20 and 21, and the defect management information is notified to the File System 2 side as LBN information.

While the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages the defect management information shown in FIG. 44, the defect management information shown in FIG. 45 is managed on the File System 2 side.
Information is recorded in an information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001).

[0472] This information is Volume & File Manager I
Main Volume managed by UDF in nformation 1003
It is recorded in the Descriptor Sequence 449. The defect information is collectively called Sparing Table 469, and
The defect management information corresponding to ar replacement is Secondary
The defect management information corresponding to Defect Map 3471 and Skipping Replacement can be found in Tertiary Defect Map 347.
It is recorded in 2. Both are SD for each alternative processing
Map entry 3482, 3483 and TD Map entry 3
It has 487 and 3488. The information description content in each Map entry is the same as that in FIG. 44 (g).

FIG. 46 shows the relationship between the defect management information shown in FIG. 45 and the defect / replacement process recorded on the information storage medium.
The comparison in the case of linear replacement processing is shown.

The head sector number 3493 in the defective ECC block in the TDM3472 is the defective area 3 in FIG. 46 (γ).
452 (ECC block = managed in units of 16 sectors)
Is designated and the replacement area 3456 for recording the video information for that location is always immediately after the defective area 3452, as shown in FIG. 45 (g), “FFFFFFh” 349.
4 is recorded.

As another embodiment of the present invention of the management information managed on the File System 2 side, as shown in FIG. 47, 1) a hidden file is created and defect map information is described therein. 2) Long Allocation in AV File. Descriptor
(Described in FIG. 23) is adopted, and the Implementation Use41
There is a method of setting the defect flag in 2.

As described above, the alternative area 3456 can be arbitrarily set when the AV information is recorded, but the alternative area when the defect occurs in the PC information is shown in FIG. 42 (β).
Spare Area 724 has been decided in advance and Spare Ar
When ea724 was used up, the replacement process became impossible. In order to solve the problem, when many defects occur on the information storage medium and the spare area 724 shown in FIG. 42 (β) becomes full, the present invention is used for securing an additional replacement area for the defective area when recording the PC file. Embodiment of FIG.
A major feature of the present invention is that an exclusive file 3501 for substitution is set in the User Area 723 as shown in (β).

FIG. 48 is a flow chart explanatory diagram for creating the substitute dedicated file 3501. When the information recording / reproducing apparatus is attached to the information recording / reproducing apparatus (ST41), the information recording / reproducing apparatus has the DMA areas 663 and 691 on the information recording medium (see FIG. 4).
4 (d)), and the free area size in the Spare Area is checked (ST42). If there is not enough space (ST4
3) Then, SET SPARE FILE for File System 2
A command is issued and a request is made to create an alternative file 3501 (ST45). Correspondingly, the substitute exclusive file 3501 is created on the File System side and added as a hidden file in the directory of FIG. The identification information of the substitute dedicated file 3501 is recorded in the substitute area setting File flag 3371 in the File Identifier descriptor 3364 as shown in the substitute dedicated file of FIG. 27 or later-described substitute dedicated file 3501 of the UDF. Is the alternative area setting File flag 3
The bit of 371 is set to "1". Substitute file 3
As another embodiment of the identification information of 501, as shown in FIG. 26 or (f) of FIG.
An alternate dedicated file flag 3372 can be provided in the ICB Tag 418 of 3520.

Since this area is managed by the File System 2 side, the information recording / reproducing apparatus mounts the information storage medium on the information recording / reproducing apparatus as shown in FIGS. 49 and 50 (ST41).
Issue a GET SPARE FILE Command for each
It is necessary to obtain the setting position information of the substitute dedicated file 3501 for m2 (ST46). In the information recording / reproducing apparatus, when the PC information is recorded, the replacement processing for the defective area is performed using the replacement dedicated file 3501 information received from File System 2 and the result is SD in FIG.
It records in L3413 (ST49). The defect management information recorded here is the SDM 347 shown in FIG.
Start sector number 3491 in the defective ECC block in 1
Then, the defective area 3451 (ECC block =
16 sectors) and replace the defective block with EC
The head position sector number 3492 in the C block indicates the replacement area 3455 in the replacement dedicated file 3501. As can be seen from FIG. 46 (β), the LBN area in the replacement-dedicated file 3501 is L using the Spare Area 724.
It is used for the replacement process exactly like inear Replacement.

As described above, according to the present invention shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, the substitution area 34 is set at an arbitrary place in the User Area 723.
Since 55 can be additionally set, a replacement area can be added as the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium increases.

As described with reference to FIGS. 38 to 40, recording and partial erasing processing in units of contiguous data areas are required to secure continuous recording of video information. When additionally recording a small amount of video information 3513 to be additionally recorded to the video information 3511 already recorded as shown in FIG.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG.
# 3 3507 is secured, and the remaining part is unused area 35
Manage as 15. When additionally recording a small amount of video information 3514 to be additionally recorded, the unused area 35
It records from the head position of 15. This unused area 3516
As a method of managing the start position of the
BN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN / UD
F, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / UDF-CDA
Information Length 3517 information is used as an embodiment of Fix, LBN / XXX, LBN / XXX-PS. Information Length information 3517 is shown in FIG.
As shown in 2, it is recorded in File Entry 3520. This Information Length 3517 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), it means the information size actually recorded from the beginning of the AV file.

Depending on the embodiment of the present invention, there is also an embodiment in which it is necessary to deal with Contiguous Data Area when partially erasing the AV file. In the LBN / UDF and LBN / XXX of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG.
The area to be erased is completely erased without securing the boundary position of ta Area. As shown in FIG. 53, the video object # B3532 that is the portion to be erased is Extent # 2 (CDA: C
ontiguous Data Area # β) and Extent # 4 (CDA
In the case where it crosses over a part of # δ), the size of Extent # 6 3546 and Extent # 7 3547 becomes smaller than the contiguous data area allowable minimum value after erasure as shown in FIG. 53B.

On the other hand, among the embodiments shown in the list of FIG. 6, XX, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN /
With ODD-PS, Contiguous Data on the recording / playback application 1 side
Boundary position management of Area is performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 41, Contiguous Data Ar in the Allocation Map Table
Since the boundary position information of ea is recorded, Video Objec
When erasing t #B 3532, the portions of CDA # β3536 and CDA # δ3538 on the recording / playback application 1 side are newly defined as unused VOBs 3552 and 3553, and are unused as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37. VOB # A
Video Object Control in the same format as Information 3196
Register additional information. This form is shown in FIG.

Further, of the embodiments shown in the list of FIG. 6,
LBN / UDF-CDA Fix, LBN / UDF-PS,
In LBN / XXX-PS, Contiguo on File System 2 side
Boundary position management of usData Area is performed. LBN / UDF-
In the CDA Fix, the CDA is divided in advance in the entire recording area on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 55, and as shown in FIG. 56, UDF Volume Recognition Seque
Boot descriptor44 which is a boot area in nce444
Boundary position management information of the contiguous data area is recorded in 7. Each CDA is an individual CDA Entry 3
Separately managed as 555 and 3556, size 355
7 and the first LBN3558 are recorded. LBN / U
The DF-PS and LBN / XXX-PS do not have such prior information and can arbitrarily set the CDA area.

[0484] Video Obj to be deleted from the recording / playback application 1 side
When the AV Address and the data size of the head position of ect # B 3532 are specified, the partial erase location on CDA # β and CDA # δ on the File System 2 side is unused.
File Entr in AV file as 3548 and 3549
Registered within y. The identification information of the unused Extents 3548 and 3549 is Alloc in the File Entry 3520 of the video information (AV file) as shown in FIG. 23 or FIG.
ation Descriptors 420 Long Allocation Descri
The ptor is set, and "Unused Extent flag" is set as an attribute in Implementation Use 3528, 412.

When a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium, recording and partial deletion processing in ECC block 502 units are required as shown in FIG. Therefore, ECC block boundary position management is required. In this case, when the boundary position of the deletion designated area and the ECC block boundary position management are deviated, unused Extents 3548 and 3549 are set in the fractional portions as in FIG. 55 (b), and FIG. 52 (f).
“Unused Extent flag” is added as an attribute like.

The above description of the unused area setting method set at the time of additional recording / partial erasing to secure the CDA boundary position and the ECC block boundary position has been made with reference to FIGS.
This has been described with reference to FIGS. 53, 54 and 54.

FIG. 57 collectively shows other embodiments. 57, the unused area start LBN is recorded in the implementation use (Implementation Use), and "unused Ex" is recorded in the same place.
The contents are slightly different from the above-described embodiment of FIG. 52 in which the “tent flag” is set.

Among the embodiments shown in FIG. 6, LBN / U
Extent after recording video information in DF and LBN / XXX
The difference in the setting method will be described with reference to FIGS. 58 and 59. In both cases, defect management information is recorded on the information storage medium with respect to the defective area on the information storage medium that was discovered when the video information was recorded. In LBN / UDF, defect management information is stored in FileSyst
TDM managed by em2 (TDM347 in FIG. 45 (e))
Record in 2). File System 2 for LBN / UDF
Since defect management is performed above, Extent # 4 3574 can be set including the defect area 3566 (FIG. 58E). In LBN / XXX, the TDL (TDL341 in FIG. 44E) in which the defect management information is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 is used.
4), the extent is set while avoiding the defective area 3566 (FIG. 59).

As shown in FIGS. 58 and 59, the defective area 3566 is used.
Consider a case where Extent is set while avoiding. Now Figure 5
8. After the AV information is recorded in the form of FIG. 59 (e), 1. After the AV information recording is completed, another PC file is recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 (in this case,
Linear Replacement processing is performed).

2. Further, in order to delete the previously recorded AV file, the Contiguous Data in FIGS.
Area #B is deleted.

3. Contiguous that has just deleted another AV information
There is a possibility that a process of recording in the location of Data Area #B will occur. In this case, the defect area 3 in the LBN space
The PC file is already recorded in the LBN location corresponding to 566.

In the embodiment LBN / XXX of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 60, Contig is extended across the existing PC file 3582.
A major feature is that the continuous data area 3593 can be set. The specific setting method is described in detail in the explanation place of FIG. 65 described later. Contiguous Data Area
In the present invention, as the setting condition of 3353, a) an existing PC file 3582 which may exist in the contiguous data area 3593, or the former Linear Replacemen
The total number Npc of the defect areas 3586 processed t satisfies the expression (28).

B] In the Contiguous Data Area including the defective area 3586 previously subjected to Skipping Replacement processing
The total defect size Lskip requiring skipping replacement satisfies the equation (29).

C] Existing PC file 3582 which may exist in Contiguous Data Area 3593, or Previous Line
Avoid the defective area 3586 that has undergone ar replacement processing.
The coarse access times 1348 and 1376 are unnecessary when the optical head accesses the next recording area in the tiguous data area.

[0495] The existing PC file 3582 or the former Li is used to the extent that rough access is not required when accessing the optical head.
It is set that the size of the defective area 3586 subjected to near replacement processing is small.

AV in Contiguous Data Area 3593
In the case of recording information, 1) the time when the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the contiguous data area 3593, the defective area 3586 previously subjected to the Linear Replacement processing, and 2) the previous recording The AV information is not recorded on the information storage medium at all during the skipping replacement processing defective area 3587 and the skipping processing for the defective area first discovered at the time of recording this time. Therefore, during this period, the temporary storage amount of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus keeps on increasing just like the periods of the coarse access time 1348, the fine access time 1343, and the rotation waiting time 1346 in FIG. Therefore, this period can be treated in the same row as the periods of the coarse access time 1348, the fine access time 1343, and the rotation waiting time 1346 in FIG.
Skip at the last recording in Contiguous Data Area 3593
The total size of the defective area 3587 subjected to the ping replacement processing and the defective area discovered for the first time in this recording and requiring the skipping processing is defined as Lskip.

[0497] The total time Tskip passing through the Lskip points is Tskip = Lskip ÷ PTR (21) Becomes Taking this condition into account, equation (8) becomes   CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip) / (PTR-STR)                                                 (22) Will be transformed.

Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in Contiguous Data Area 3593, formerly Linear Replacem
When the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the defective area 3586 subjected to the ent processing, access is performed by a track jump.
Existing PC file35 up to an unnecessary level of 8 and 1376
The size of the defect area 3586, which has been subjected to the Linear Replacement process, is reduced to 82.

In a general DVD-RAM drive, the moving distance of the objective lens at the time of dense access is about ± 200 μm, and the track pitch Pt of the DVD-RAM disk is Pt = 0.74 μm (23) The minimum data size Dt per track is Dt = 17x2kBytes = 34kBytes (24) From existing PC file 3582, formerly Linear Replacem
The size of one defective area 3586 subjected to ent processing needs to be 200 ÷ 0.74 × 34 = 9190 KBytes (25) or less. Considering margins in various places, the actual maximum allowable size is 1/4 of equation (25), which is 23.
00kBytes or less is desirable. When the above condition is satisfied, the access to the next recording area in the contiguous data area is performed with the fine access time 1343 and the rotation waiting time 13
It is sufficient to take only 46 into consideration, the fine access time 1343 required for one access is JATA, the rotation waiting time 1346 is MWTa, and the Contiguous Data Area is set.
Existing PC file 3582 in and former Linear Replacemen
Assuming that the total number of defective areas 3586 processed by t is Npc, the total access time Tpc required to avoid the above area is Tpc = Npc × (JATa + MWTa) (26). Taking this time into consideration, the equation (22) is transformed into CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip + Tpc) / (PTR-STR) (27).

Using the values of (10), (13), and (15), when (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 20%, CDA
When S ≧ 6.5 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, CDA
When S ≧ 5.9 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, CDA
When S ≧ 5.7 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, CDA
When S ≧ 5.6 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, CDA
S ≧ 5.5 MBytes.

From equations (27) and (26), Npc≤ {[CDAS * (PTR-STR) / (STR * PTR)]-Ta-Tskip} / (JATa + MWTa) (28) Equations (27) and (21) From the expression, Lskip ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR-STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tpc} × P TR (29) can be derived. Using (28), (10), (13), and (15) values and MWTa≈18 ms and JATa≈5 ms, (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, and when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 6 (Tskip + Tpc) / When Ta = 5% and Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 3 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 1 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 0. Also (29), (10), (13), (15)
Using each value of the equation, when (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 10% and Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 208 KBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 5%, and when Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 104 KBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 3% and Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 62 KBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 1%, and when Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 0 KBytes.

The above description has been made with reference to FIG. 38 as a conceptual diagram of the AV information recording system.

When examining the basic concept, there is no problem in FIG. 38, but the system conceptual model of the recording system shown in FIG. 61 is used for more detailed examination.

When recording with the PC system shown in FIG.
The AV information input from the outside is MPEG encoder 13
4 is converted into a digital compressed signal, is temporarily recorded in the main memory 112, and is transferred to the information recording / reproducing device 140 side of FIG. 5 under the control of the main CPU 111. The information recording / reproducing device 140 also has a buffer memory 219, and the transferred digital AV information is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219.

A specific information flow will be described with reference to FIG. The video information 3301 stored in the main memory 112 on the PC side shown in FIG. 61 is transferred to the information recording / reproducing device 140 side together with a write command by the conventional method. In the WRITE command in this conventional method, a logical block number (LBN) indicating a recording start position and a data size to be transferred are designated. The transferred video information is temporarily stored in a free area 3311 in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, which has not been transferred yet, and then, FIG.
As shown in (B), it is recorded in the recording location 3327 by the first WRITE Command on the information storage medium. By the next WRITE command, the video information is temporarily stored in the video information 3315 area to be recorded on the information storage medium in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and the recording operation to the unrecorded area 3324 on the information storage medium is started. As shown in FIG. 62C, the defective area 3
When 330 occurs, as a result of the skipping replacement process, a part of the video information 3315 scheduled to be recorded does not fit within a predetermined range (range of unrecorded area 3324) on the information storage medium, and overflow information 3321 occurs. The information recording / reproducing apparatus interrupts the recording process.

As described above, with the conventional WRITE command that gives only the LBN indicating the recording start position and the transfer information size, the recording process is interrupted if the Skipping Replacement process described in the present invention is performed.

A method of the present invention which enables continuous recording of AV information for a long period of time without interruption even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium will be described below.

A major feature of the AV information recording method of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 63, * a step of judging whether or not a file to be recorded is an AV file (ST01) * a video information recording place on an information storage medium is set in advance. (ST02) * Recording AV information on the information storage medium (ST
03) * A step of recording the information arrangement information actually recorded on the information storage medium in the management area on the information storage medium (ST0
4). This process is mainly controlled mainly by the file system 2 side.

FIG. 64 shows the details of step ST01 of FIG. 63, and FIG. 65 shows the content of step ST01 of FIG.
02 in more detail, and FIG. 66 shows the details of step ST03 in FIG. 63. FIG. 67
Shows the details of step ST04 of FIG. 63 in more detail.

[0510] For all processing for the information storage medium such as information recording, information reproduction, and partial deletion processing of information in the AV file, after the recording / playback application 1 of Fig. 4 instructs the File System 2 in the OS to outline the processing, It will be started for the first time. File
The outline content of the processing shown for System2 is the recording / playback application 1
It is notified by issuing SDK API Command 4 from the side. F upon receiving SDK API Command 4
The contents of the instruction are concretely broken on the ile System 2 side, the DDK Interface Command 5 is issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3, and the specific processing is executed.

Embodiments of the present invention LBN / UDF, LB
The API command (SDK API Comman) necessary to enable the processing shown in FIG. 63 in N / XXX
d4) is shown in FIG. 68.

The partial content addition portion and the new command portion within the command type 3405 in FIG. 68 are within the scope of the present invention.
A series of processing methods performed by the recording / playback application 1 side using the API command will be described below.

<AV Information Recording Process> 1st STEP: Create File Command is used to notify the OS side of the recording start and the attribute of the target file (AV file or PC file).

[0514] 2nd STEP: Set Unrecorded Are
a Commend specifies the expected maximum size of AV information recorded on the information storage medium.

[0515] 3rd STEP: Write File Command
AV by issuing commands to the OS multiple times
The OS / File System side is notified of the information transfer processing.

[0516] 4th STEP: After a series of AV information recording processing is completed, if the AV information size to be recorded is known at a later date, a Set Unrecorded Area Command is issued to advance the area for recording the next AV information. It is also possible to secure and place it.

In the information storage medium of the present invention, both AV information and PC information can be recorded on the same information storage medium. Therefore, the PC information may be recorded in the empty area before the next AV information is recorded, and the empty area may be exhausted at the next AV information recording.

In order to prevent this, a large size unused area can be set in the AV file, and the next AV information recording location can be reserved in advance. (This 4th STEP may not be executed in some cases.) 5th STEP: A Close Handle Command is used to notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of recording processes.

[0519] * AV file for Create File Command
WriteFile Command, Cl, except for adding attribute flags
The conventional command for recording PC information is also used as ose Handle Command. By doing so, it is not necessary to change the program due to the change of the video information recording method in the upper layer near the API interface in the OS, which is internally hierarchized, and the existing OS software can be used as it is in the upper layer. I am trying. On the File System side that belongs to the lower layer OS portion near the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the File System side independently determines whether the target file is an AV file or a PC file by the method shown in FIG. is doing.

* All recording location addressing is AV
Set with Address.

<AV / PC Information Reproduction Processing> 1st STEP: The reproduction start is notified to the OS side by Create File Command.

2nd STEP: Read File Command
A series of reproduction processing is instructed by (issuing commands to the OS multiple times).

[0523] 3rd STEP: Close Handle Comma
nd notifies the OS / File System side of the end of the series of reproduction processes.

* Playback processing is common to AV files and PC files.

[0525] * All playback location addressing is AV Ad
Set with dress.

<Partial deletion process in AV file> 1st
STEP: The file name to be partially deleted is notified to the OS side by Create File Command.

[0527] 2nd STEP: Delete Part Of Fi
Use le Command to instruct deletion processing within the specified range.

In the Delete Part Of File Command, the AV Address to be deleted and the data size to be deleted are specified by parameters.

[0529] 3rd STEP: Close Handle Comma
nd notifies the OS / File System side of the end of the series of reproduction processes.

<Inquiry about the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded on the information storage medium> 1st STEP: Get AV Free Space Size Co
Inquiring the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded by mmand * Only by issuing "Get AV Free Space Size Command" to the OS side, the answer of the unrecorded area size can be obtained from the OS side.

<Defragmentat (Defragmentat
ion) processing> 1st STEP: Defragmentation processing for AV files is performed by AV Defragmentation Command.
Instruct the S side.

* Defragmentation processing for AV files can be performed by the AV Defragmentation Command alone.

* As a concrete processing method for the AV Defragmentation Command, file information with a small extent size is scattered on the information storage medium.
Contiguous data in the unrecorded area is moved for each Extent
Perform processing to expand the area securing space.

FIG. 69 shows a list of the DDK Interface Commands 5 issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side by the File System 2 after the above SDK API Command 4 is specifically decoded and shredded.

Other than READ Command, it is a command newly presented in the present invention or a command obtained by partially modifying an existing command.

The information recording / reproducing apparatus is, for example, IEEE139
4 and the like, and at the same time, information transfer processing is performed between a plurality of devices. In the explanatory views of FIGS. 4 and 5, the information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140 are connected to only one main CPU 111. On the other hand, when connected to IEEE 1394 or the like, it is connected to the main CPU of each device.
Therefore, Slot_ID, which is the identification information for each device, is used so that other information is not transferred to another device by mistake.
This SLOT_ID is issued on the side of the information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140. GET FREE SLOT_ID Command is File
Issued on the System2 side, A as a parameter
A by the V WRITE start flag and AV WRITE end flag
The start and end of the V information is declared, and at the time of the AV information start declaration, an instruction for issuing SLOT_ID is issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

The recording start position in the AV WRITE Command is automatically set as the current position (the next AV information is recorded from the LBN position where the recording is completed in the previous AV WRITE Command). Each AV WRITE Command has an AV
The WRITE number is set, and the AV write command that has already been issued is recorded as a command cache in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.
DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND using WRITE number
Issue cancellation processing can be performed by Command.

As shown in FIG. 39, before the temporary storage amount of AV information in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus becomes saturated, proper processing can be performed on the File System 2 side so that GE
T WRITE STATUS Command exists. This GET WRIT
The status in the buffer memory 219 can be grasped on the File System 2 side by replying the margin amount in the buffer memory 219 as the return value 3344 of the E STATUS Command.
In the embodiment of the present invention, one contiguous da
AV information for ta Area recording AV WRITE Command
This GET WRITE STATUS Command is inserted every time it is issued by, and the investigation target size and the investigation start LB which are the command parameters 3343 in the GET WRITE STATUS Command
N is set to the target contiguous data area. Further, in the GET WRITE STATUS Command, the defective area found in the target range is given as the return value 3344 as the value of each ECC block head LBN, so it is set in the Extent setting after recording AV information (ST4-04 in FIG. 67). Use this information.

[0539] SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP
Command will record all planned recording locations at LBN before recording AV information.
This is a command that gives advance notice to the information recording / reproducing apparatus as information, and has the number of Extents at the scheduled recording location, each Extent head position (LBN), and Extent size as command parameters. The scheduled recording location on this information storage medium is the return value 334 of the GET PERFORMANCE Command issued earlier.
It is set based on the zone boundary position information of 4 and the DMA information after the LBN conversion.

The detailed processing method in each step shown in FIG. 63 will be further described below.

The identification information of the AV file is the IC of FileEntry 3520 as shown in FIG. 26 or 70 (f).
Flags field in ICB Tag3 in B Tag 418
An AV file identification flag 3362 is set in 361. By setting this flag to "1", it is possible to identify whether the file is an AV file.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 27 or 71 (d), an AV is stored in a file identifier descriptor (File Identifier Descriptor) 3364.
It is also possible to set the file identification flag 3364.

FIG. 64 shows a specific flowchart of the step of identifying whether the file is an AV file shown in step ST01 of FIG.

[0544] Create File Comman from recording / playback application 1 side
The process starts only after d is issued. The method of identifying an AV file differs depending on the conditions. * Create File Command when creating a new AV file
If the AV file is identified by using the AV file attribute flag in *, and the AV information is added to the already existing AV file, the file already recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 70 or 71. The AV file is identified using the attribute flag of.

By using this method, it is not necessary to manage the attributes (AV file or PC file) of each file on the application program 1 side (File System 2
Side, the recording processing method is automatically determined and switched).

By adopting such a method, when the corresponding file is a PC file, the conventional WRITE Comman
d, Linear Replacement processing is performed, and for AV files, AV WRITE Command, Skipping Replacement
Perform processing.

[0547] On the recording / playback application 1 side, Create File Comman
After issuing d, set the expected maximum value of the scheduled AV information recording size and issue Set Unrecorded Area Command. The contiguous data area is set according to the maximum information size to be recorded based on the specified information, the defect distribution obtained by GET PERFORMANCE Command, and the zone boundary position information.
When the embodiment of LBN / XXX in FIG. 6 is used, equations (25) and (27) are used as this setting condition.

[0548] Based on the result,
Allocation descriptor in File Entry (Allocation D
escriptors) information is recorded in advance (ST2-07).
By passing through this step, a) When connected to, for example, IEEE 1394 or the like and simultaneously recorded with a plurality of devices in parallel, it is possible to prevent other information from being recorded at the planned recording position.

B) Even if recording is interrupted due to a power failure or the like during continuous recording of AV information, the information up to immediately before the interruption can be saved by tracing the scheduled recording position in sequence after restart.

The merits (effects) such as the above can be obtained. After that, the SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command is used to notify the information recording / reproducing apparatus of the planned recording position information (ST
2-08). By this advance notification, the information recording / reproducing apparatus knows the recording position and the recording order on the information storage medium in advance, and therefore, the skipping due to the defect on the information storage medium during the AV information recording.
Even if replacement processing occurs frequently, continuous recording can be continued without stopping the recording processing.

Details of the AV information continuous recording step shown in step ST03 of FIG. 63 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 51, the information length (Information
Length) 3517 information is used to confirm the recording start position in the AV file in advance (ST03-01). When the Write File Command is issued from the recording / playback application 1 (ST3-02), the G with the AV WRITE start flag set
ET FREE SLOT_ID Command is issued to cause the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 to issue SLOT_ID (ST3-03).

The continuous recording method after ST3-04 is schematically shown in FIG. The video information # 1, # 2, # 3 stored in the main memory by the AV WRITE Command is periodically transferred to the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Buffer memory 2 of information recording / reproducing apparatus
The image information stored in 19 is recorded on the information storage medium via the optical head 202. Information storage medium 201
If defective area 3351 occurs on top, Skipping Replacem
Although ent processing is performed, video information is not recorded on the information storage medium 201 during this time, so that the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus increases. File System 2 side periodically GET WRITE STATUS
Command is issued and the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is monitored. If the amount of this temporarily stored video information is likely to be saturated, 1) DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command is issued on the File System side,
Cancel part of the command cache in the information recording / reproducing apparatus, 2) limit (reduce) the video information amount transferred to the information recording / reproducing apparatus side by the next AV WRITE Command, 3) issue to the information recording / reproducing apparatus side Next AV WRITE C
One of the processes of delaying the issuance up to the ommand and waiting until the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus becomes small is performed.

The above contents will be described using a concrete example as shown in FIGS. 73 to 80. 73 to 8
In 0, the transition of the recording information is shown in each of three stages. The first stage is a PC side memory, the second stage is an information recording / reproducing device memory, and the third stage is a recording position on an information recording medium.

FIG. 73 corresponding to ST2-08 in FIG.
The circled 1 SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION in (A)
MAP Command is issued. As shown in FIG. 69, this command sets Extent head position information and Extent size information as command parameters.
In the example of (A), “a”, “d”, “g” ... Extent = CDA head position, and “c-a” and “fd” ... Extent = CDA size are attached. ing.

[0556] Further, AV WRITE of circles 2 and 3 is performed so that the video information is recorded twice in CDA # 1.
Command is issued. Next, in order to understand the recording status in CDA # 1, GET WRITE STATUS Comman marked with a circle 4
Issuing d.

[0557] Since the investigation target in GET WRITE STATUS Command is designated to CDA # 1, "a" is set as the start LBN of the investigation target range that is the setting value of the parameter, and "c-a" is set as the investigation target range. The value is set. Similarly, in order to record the video information to CDA # 2 twice, the AV WRITE commands of circles 5 and 6 are issued. Then, next, a GET WRITE STATUS Command (circle 7) is issued to grasp the recording status of the CDA # 2.

[0558] This command is sent to the information recording / reproducing apparatus side at a time to cause the command cache (ST3- in Fig. 66).
05). When there is no defect in the unused state place 3371 on the information storage medium shown in FIG. 74 (B), the record information α3361 on the information storage medium is recorded as shown in FIG. 75 (C). Next, as shown in FIG.
When 5 occurs, Skipping Replacement processing is performed,
Some of the video information that will be recorded in CDA # 1 will be out, but SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATIONMAP Com
Since the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side knows the location to be recorded next by the mand, the overflow information is recorded at the location of 3371 which is the shift information β3. Defect area 3375 above
For more information on GET WRITE STATUS Comman, circle 4
The return value 3344 of d is notified to the File System 2 side (see FIG. 66 ST3-05, FIG. 73, FIG. 77).

Information recording / reproducing device (O
It is judged whether the buffer memory 219 in the DD) 3 is likely to overflow (ST3-06 in FIG. 66). Then, ST of FIG.
As a concrete method shown in No. 3-07, CDA # 3 by the DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND shown by a circle 9 in FIG. 77 (E).
The AV WRITE Command (FIG. 73) indicated by the circle 8 which is a recording command relating to the video information to be recorded in FIG. Issue the command.

Since the feedback to CDA # 2 is not in time, the recording process on the information storage medium as originally planned is executed as shown in FIG. 78 (F).

As shown in FIG. 79 (G), it is assumed that the recording start position in the AV WRITE Command used here is not the current position but the recording start position is specified on the File System 2 side. Even in this case, it is allowed that the recording start position designated on the File System 2 side and the actual recording start position are significantly deviated due to the defective area found during the preceding video information recording.

[0562] When the series of recording processes is completed, the recording / playback application 1
GET FREE SL with AV WRITE end flag added by Close Handle Command issued from
The OT_ID Command is issued from the File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing device 3 side.

When the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 receives this command, although not shown, the defect information found during the series of recording processes is added to the TDL 3414 of FIG. 44 (e).

[0565] Set Unrecorded Area Command specified from the recording / playback application 1 side as post-processing for recording video information
The unused area size to be left in the AV file is determined based on the information (ST4-03 in FIG. 67), and the Information Length
3517 rewriting processing (ST4-05) and final Ex
The tent information rewriting process (ST4-04) and the UDF setting information rewriting process are performed.

A reproduction procedure of video information in the AV file will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the recording / playback application 1 uses AV as address information to be managed.
SD issued to FileSystem2 using Address
K API Command 4 also sets an address using AV Address.

* In File System 2, the LBN (LSN in some cases) is used as the address information to be managed, and the DDK Interface issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 is issued.
Command 5 also sets the address using LBN.

* The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 manages addresses using PSN.

[0568] The system is called. Therefore, the place to play on the recording / playback application 1 is decided, and the Read File Comm
Issuing and causes "AV Address" in File System2.
→ “LBN conversion” (ST06 in FIG. 81) and “LBN → PSN conversion” (ST07) in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 are performed.

As shown in FIG. 82, the method of partially erasing the AV file is recorded on the information recording medium A
No action is taken on the V information, and only the rewriting of the File Entry information on the File System 2 (ST09 in FIG. 82) and the process of changing the information regarding the UDF are performed. Then, in order to register the partially erased location as an unrecorded area, U
Unallocated Space Ta which is unrecorded area information on DF
ble 452 or Unallocated Space Bitmap 43
The partial erase location is added to the 5th information (ST10).
Finally, the management information rewriting process for the recorded video management data file is performed (ST11).

Among the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, L
In BN / ODD-PS, the following management is performed.

Set in advance as shown in FIG.
It is assumed that for the minimum size of the contiguous data area 11, a recording area 12 is generated for video data by new recording and an unused area 13 is also generated. Then, at the LBN level, a contiguous data area 14 is newly set and a spare area 18 is added to this. Next PS
At the N level, the data recording areas 15 and 16 and the defective area 17 if any are set, and the spare area is set.
19 are secured. And this whole new AV Ex
The tent 20 is set at the LBN level.

[0572] That is, as shown in Fig. 83, the Contiguous Da
AV by automatically adding Spare Area 18 for each ta Area
Configure Extent 20. This added Spare Area 1
The LBN is also set to 8 and the LBN is similarly set to the defective area 17. Defect area 1 on information storage medium
Skipping Replacement processing is performed on 7
The same LBN setting method as in 2 (γ) is performed. Unlike the other embodiments, the location of the defective area is not known on the File System 2 side even though the LBN is set in the defective area 17, and the location of the defective area 17 is managed only by the information recording / reproducing apparatus. If you want to reproduce the information on the FileSystem2 side,
As shown in FIG. 89 which will be described later, the AV READ Command issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus is the reference AV Extent.
LBN indicating the start position of 20, an effective reproduction start position (not including the defective area) counted from the start position, an actual data size to be reproduced (assuming skipping at the defective portion)
Is specified. As a result, the information recording / reproducing apparatus automatically reproduces the information avoiding the defective area 17 and responds to the File System 2 side.

FIG. 84 shows a management form in the case where a part of the already recorded information is overwritten and recorded. In this case, only overwrite recording from the middle to the end in the contiguous data area 34 is permitted. That is, the video data recording area 35 recorded in the past includes the data recording areas 23 and 25 and the defective area 28 when there is a defective area, and the spare area 31 is added to this. When overwriting is done from the middle, Contiguous Data
Area 34 is set. This includes a video data area 36 recorded in the past and a video data recording area 37 newly newly recorded (AV Address level).

At the PSN level, the data recording area 25,
26, 27, defective areas 29, 30 are managed, and Spar
e Area 32 is set.

FIG. 85 shows two examples of management forms when overwriting recording is stopped halfway. In this case, the information already recorded thereafter in the same contiguous data area (CDA) is invalidated. It shows a case of overwriting from the beginning of the CDA and a case of overwriting from the middle of the CDA.

FIG. 86 shows a management form at the time of partial deletion in the AV File. In this case Contiguous Data
It is determined that partial erasure is performed in units of Area (eg, AV Extent # 246).

87 to 90 show the parameters of commands relating to recording and reproduction in the LBN / ODD-PS of the embodiment and their command contents. 87 shows a write command from the recording / playback application to the file system, FIG. 88 shows a read command, FIG. 89 shows a write command given from the file system to the recording / reproducing apparatus, and FIG. 90 shows types of read commands.

The video data recording process in the embodiment LBN / ODD-PS and the corresponding flow charts are shown in FIGS. 91, 92 and 93. The description contents of FIGS. 92 and 93 explain the processing steps of the video data # 1 and # 2 to be recorded shown in FIG.

AV Extent # 1 3101, # 2 31
The embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the Spare Areas 3111 and 3112 added for each 02 are used to complete the Skipping Replacement process in each AV Extent. The following describes each step.

[0580] * Contiguous Data on the recording / playback application 1 side
The size of Area # 1 3106 is initialized (step ST21).

* Recommended for ODD (information recording / reproducing device) 3 [Spare Area Size] / [Contiguous Data Area Siz
e] Inquire the value (ST22).

* Initialize the size of AV Extent # 1 3101 (Set Spare Area Size # 1) (S
T23).

[0583] The Spare Area Size # 1 3111 is set on the "recording / playback application 1 side" or the "File System 2 side".

* The video data 3125 is transferred to the ODD3 side by the first AV WRITE command (ST2
4).

* Defect area 1 at the time of recording on the information storage medium
When 38 is found, Skipping processing is implemented in ODD3 (ST25).

* Video data 3126 is transferred to the ODD3 side by the second AV WRITE command (ST26).

[0587] A in the second AV WRITE command
Know the last record of V Extent # 1 3101 (End F
lag Of Contiguous Data Area flag used).

* The final AV Ex on the File System 2 side
The information of tent # 1 3103 is collected and temporarily stored in the buffer memory on the File System 2 side (ST27).

[0589] * Contiguous Data on the recording / playback application 1 side
Initialize the size of Area # 2 3102 (ST2
8).

* Initialize the size of AV Extent # 2 3102 (Set Spare Area Size # 2) (S
T29).

[0591] The setting of the Spare Area Size # 2 3112 is made on the "recording / playback application 1 side" or the "File System 2 side".

* Transfer the video data 3127 to the ODD3 side by the third AV WRITE command (ST3
0).

* Defect area 3 at the time of recording on the information storage medium
When 139 is found, Skipping processing is performed in ODD3 (ST31).

* The user presses the recording end button (S
T32).

[0595] * Pre-specified on the recording / playback application side
The unused area size 3136 is determined according to the minimum size 11 of the contiguous data area (ST33).

* The size 3113 of Spare Area # 2 is reviewed according to the actual data size 3109 of Contiguous Data Area # 2 (ST34).

* The video data 3128 is transferred to the ODD3 side by the fourth AV WRITE command (ST35).

At the same time, unused area information (n Number Of
Bytes Reserve and Space Keep Length) are used to secure an untransferred area in the LBN space.

[0599] In the fourth AV Write command, the last record of the AV Extent # 2 3104 is known (End F
lag Of Contiguous Data Area flag used).

* The final AV Ex on the File System 2 side
The information of tent # 2 3104 is collected and temporarily stored in the buffer memory on the File System 2 side (ST36).

* Add information required for the directory-management area of File System 2 (ST37).

The above-mentioned invention is summarized as follows.

Point 1. The LBN is set in both the defective area set by the skipping process and the replacement area therefor. These areas are both included in the User Area.

Point 2. The alternative area (the location immediately after Skipping) can be arbitrarily set in the LBN space. That is, the alternative area can be appropriately (arbitrarily) set in the first area (UserAew) that can be recorded by the user.

Point 3. A on the same location on the disc
Both VAddress (first address) and LBN (second address) are set. That is, both the first address number and the second address number are given to the same location in the recording area on the information storage medium.

Point 4. In addition, the defect / replacement area is not included in the AV Address, but the defect / replacement area is included in the LBN space. That is, for the alternative area, the first
And the second address number are given, and only the first address number is given to the defective area (the second address number is not given).

Point 5. See also VOB_I: AV Addr
ess management information and File Entry: LBN management information are recorded in parallel. That is, the first information management recording area having the management information managed by the first address number and the second management having the management information managed by the second address number on the same information storage medium. It has an information recording area.

Point 6. The recording / playback application is AV Addr
It is managed by ess and AV Address → LBN conversion is performed on the OS side. That is, it is provided with a portion (recording / playback application) that manages information using the second management information, and an address conversion unit that performs conversion between the second address number and the first address number.

Point 7. At least one file is recorded, and AV file identification information is recorded in at least one of the recorded files.

Point 8. Further, it is provided with an identification means for identifying whether or not the file recorded on the information storage medium is an AV file, and the recording method of the corresponding file can be changed depending on whether or not the file is an AV file.

By the above point 1, as shown in FIG. 42 (γ), the Logical Block is set in the entire recording area of the information storage medium.
A first address number called Number (LBN) is given, and LBN is given to both the defective area 3452 and the replacement area 3456. As a result, the defect management can be left to the File System 2 side instead of the recording / reproducing application software 1, and the recording / reproducing application software 1 can concentrate on the image information management without being overwhelmed by the defect management.

Also, the Linear Replacem shown in FIG. 42 (β)
Unlike the ent process, in the embodiment of FIG. 42 (γ) of the present invention, the alternative area 3456 is Usable by the user.
By installing in the first area which is the erArea 723, the replacement area 3456 can be arranged in the vicinity of the defect area 3452 generated in the User Area 723.
It is not necessary to access the optical head for the replacement process for the defective area 3452, and continuous recording can be guaranteed.

By the above point 2, the replacement area 345
By allowing 6 to be set at an arbitrary position in the first area which is the User Area 723, the replacement area 3456 can be arranged immediately after the defective area 3452. As a result, the alternative process can be performed without accessing the optical head at all. Therefore, continuous recording can be more stably guaranteed.

[0614] Due to the above point 3, the Logical Block Number managed by the File System 2 as shown in Fig. 35.
Information management by the recording / reproducing application software 1 and the File System 2 by giving the first address (LBN) and the second address being the AV address managed by the recording / reproducing application software 1 to the same location on the information storage medium. Can be done independently and can concentrate on each role.

42. Compared to the Linear Replacement processing shown in FIG. 42 (β), the point 4 makes it possible to compare the linear replacement processing shown in FIG.
In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, the defective area 3452 is given the file address
It is possible to entrust stem2 with defect management on the information storage medium. Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 35B and 59, since the second address number, AV Address, is not given to the defective area, the recording / reproducing application software 1 can concentrate on the video information management without performing any defect management.

According to the point 5, the management information corresponding to the Logical Block Number (LBN) managed by the File System 2 is given to the File Entry shown in FIG. 35, and the management corresponding to the AV Address managed by the recording / playback application software 1 is carried out. Information Video Object Control Inform
By separately recording the ation on the information storage medium, the information management by the recording / playback application software 1 and the File System 2 can be independently performed, and each role can be dedicated.

According to the point 6 shown in FIG.
The conversion between LBN and AV Address shown in (b) is shown in FIG.
It corresponds on the File System 2 side of. As a result, the recording / playback application software 1 does not need to perform troublesome address conversion, and can concentrate on video information management.

An AV flag identifiable on the File System is set in the AV file according to points 7 and 8 above. In File System 2, A added to the AV file
The recording method is changed by identifying the V flag or by identifying from the recording / playback application 1 (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_AUDIO_VIDEO flag of Create File) whether the file of the recording pair is an AV file. By performing the above processing, A
With respect to the V file, the continuity at the time of recording can be surely guaranteed.

Next, the steps required until the optical disc is manufactured and shipped in the factory will be briefly described.

Disk (recording / playback is possible by the phase change method,
One layer, two layers, or more layers are manufactured), a physical sector number (PSN) is set, and an embossed zone is recorded in advance.

[0621] Next, initialization processing of the disc is performed. At this time, the formatting as set in FIGS. 9 and 10 is performed, and the rewritable zone is recorded. At this time, DMA1, as shown in FIG.
Areas 2, 3, and 4 are created. Also, FIG. 44 (e)
Areas of PDL, SDL, and TDL (defect management area when skipping processing) shown in are created.

[0622] Next, the certification (Cert
ify) processing is performed. In other words, it is a process of recording specific data on the entire surface and reproducing the front surface to search for a defective portion.

At this time, in the case of creating the disc so that the PC data can also be recorded / reproduced, the defective portion is marked by PDL.
To record.

When the disc is created exclusively for recording AV data, the defect location is used as the defect management information in the TD.
It records in L (FIG.44 (e)).

With the above processings 2 and 3, the logical block number (LBN) can be set on the disk. This is a DMA (defect management area; PD) on the drive device side.
This is because a conversion table of PNL → LBN can be created by using (L, SDL, TDL).

Next, conditions are set so that UDF can be used as a file system on the disk. That is, the Volume Recognition Sequence 4 of FIG.
44, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449, Fi
rst Anchor Point456, Second Anchor Point4
57, Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequence 467
To record.

Next, a place where AV data can be recorded is created.

(A) The root directory 1450 (FIG. 31) is created in the recording area (LBN space) on the disc.

(B) Create management files RWVIDEO_CONTROL and IFO capable of recording AV data.

(C) A file capable of recording video / still image, audio, and thumbnail is created (1401 in FIG. 31).

(D) The management information based on the AV address in each file 1401 in FIG. 31 is set to RWVIDEO_CON.
TROL. Record in IFO. Recording position information of each file at this time (Allocation Descripti in File Entry
on) is recorded as a logical block number (LBN).

The disc produced as described above is shown in FIG.
It is packed and shipped as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 94, the disc body is housed in a cartridge, and the periphery of the disc body is wrapped with a wrapping sheet.

[0633]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a recording method capable of performing stable continuous recording without being affected even if a large number of defective areas exist on the information storage medium, and an information recording / reproducing apparatus for performing the same. Further, it is possible to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

Further, even if a large amount of defective area exists on the information storage medium, stable management of video information is performed without imposing a burden on the recording / playback application software layer (without causing the recording / playback application software layer to perform defect management). It is possible to provide an environment setting method (specifically, a video information recording / reproducing / editing method as a system) for performing the setting. Further, according to the present invention, an information recording / reproducing apparatus and an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an optimum system for realizing the above environment can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of one form of a characteristic part of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a list of functions necessary for recording and reproducing video information.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a continuation of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a hierarchical structure of program software on a personal computer and an address space used in a writing hierarchy when recording / reproducing processing of video information is performed on the personal computer using recording / reproducing application software.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a personal computer.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for comparison between respective embodiments regarding defect management on an information storage medium and unused area management in an AV file.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing correspondence of effects of each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a layout of general recording contents in a DVD_RAM disc.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-in area in a DVD_RAM disc.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-out area in a DVD_RAM disc.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between physical sector numbers and logical sector numbers.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a signal structure in a sector recorded in a data area.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a recording unit of information recorded in a data area.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between zones and groups in a data area.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a logical sector setting method for a DVD_RAM disc.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a replacement processing method for a defective area in a data area.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration inside an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a logical block number setting operation in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a defective portion processing operation in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example in which a file system is recorded on an information storage medium according to UDF.

FIG. 21 is a view showing a sequel to FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a diagram simply showing a basic relationship between the structure of a hierarchized file system and the information content recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a long allocation descriptor.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a short allocation descriptor.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory view of the description content of an unspaced space entry.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the description content of a file entry.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the description contents of a file identification descriptor.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a file system structure.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure on an information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an AV file recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram of a directory structure of a data file in a data area.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in program chain control information.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of video information reproduction using a program chain.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a video information recording position setting method when an unused area is set in the AV file on the recording / playback application software side.

[FIG. 35] Logical block number and A in an AV file
The figure which shows the relationship with V address.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram of a handling method when partially erasing an AV file when managing an unused area in the AV file on the recording / playback application side in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure inside video object control information.

FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system shown to explain the continuity of recording signals.

FIG. 39 is a state explanatory view of the amount of information stored in the semiconductor memory when the access frequency is highest in the recording system.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of the amount of information stored in the semiconductor memory when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced in the recording system.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram of the data structure in the allocation map table when the recording / playback application manages the boundary position of the continuous data area in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram for comparison between the picking replacement and the linear replacement when the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages the defect management information.

FIG. 43 is a diagram shown for explaining an example of movement of an optical head (pickup) on a track.

FIG. 44 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the file system 2 in each embodiment of the present invention.

46 is an explanatory diagram for comparison between the picking replacement and the linear replacement when they are managed based on the defect management information of FIG. 45.

FIG. 47 is a diagram shown for explaining another example of the case where the file system 2 manages defect management information.

FIG. 48 is a flowchart showing a procedure for creating an alternative area setting file.

FIG. 49 is a flowchart for explaining replacement processing using a replacement area setting file.

FIG. 50 is a flowchart showing the procedure for creating an alternative area setting file.

FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram of additional recording video information and unused areas in the continuous day area according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram of a recording location of an information length designated for each file and an attribute description location for each extent.

FIG. 53 is an explanatory diagram relating to a method of partially deleting an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the method of partially deleting an AV file according to each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 55 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a method of partially deleting an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of the contiguous day area boundary position information and its recording location in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of an unused area setting method in an extent according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method including a defective area in an example according to the invention.

FIG. 59 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method avoiding a defective area in an example according to the invention.

FIG. 60 is an explanatory diagram of a contiguous data area setting method and an extent pre-setting method before recording according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a diagram illustrating a problem of a write command.

FIG. 63 is a diagram showing an outline of a recording procedure of video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a diagram showing details of step ST01 in FIG. 63.

FIG. 65 is a diagram showing details of step ST02 in FIG. 63.

66 is a diagram showing details of step ST03 in FIG. 63. FIG.

67 is a diagram showing details of step ST04 in FIG. 63;

FIG. 68 is a diagram showing the contents of various API commands used when recording video information in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 69 is an explanatory diagram showing commands to the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 70 is an explanatory view showing a portion where AV file identification information according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 71 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a portion in which identification information of an AV file according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 72 is a conceptual diagram shown for explaining a method of continuously recording video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 73 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 74 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 75 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 76 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

77 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 78 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 79 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 80 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method on an information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 81 is a diagram showing a procedure for reproducing video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 82 is a diagram showing a procedure of partial erasure in an AV file according to the present invention.

FIG. 83 is an explanatory diagram of a recording / erasing method viewed from the recording / playback application according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 84 is an explanatory diagram of a case where new information is overwritten and recorded from the middle of the existing continuous data area.

FIG. 85 is an explanatory diagram of a case where new information is overwritten and recorded halfway within the existing continuous data area.

[Fig. 86] Fig. 86 is an explanatory diagram of a case of partially deleting an AV file in units of a continuous data area.

FIG. 87 is an explanatory diagram showing command parameters and their contents according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 88 is an explanatory diagram showing parameters and contents of the command of the embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 89 is an explanatory diagram showing parameters and contents of the command of the embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 90 is an explanatory diagram showing parameters and contents of the command of the embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 91 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process of the example according to the present invention.

FIG. 92 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process of the embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 93 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process of the embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 94 is a view showing a state in which the discs according to the present invention are packed.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 ... Optical disc, 1004 ... Data area, 723
... user area, 724 ... spare area, 3443, 3
444 ... Recording area, 3452 ... Defective area, 3456 ... Alternative area, 3459 ... Non-recording area.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G11B 20/10 G11B 27/00 G06F 3/06 H04N 5/92

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. AV data and control information are recorded.
In the information recording medium, the control information manages the reproduction order of the AV data.
And an AV file in which the AV data is stored, and the AV
File management information that manages the file recording position is
The file management information is a file for the AV file.
This file entry containing the file entry information
The information includes AV file identification information and the AV file.
File indicating the recording position information for each extent that composes the file.
An application that includes a location descriptor and sets the information processing method for the AV file.
Solution layer, file system layer, and information recording / playback
The disc drive layer on which the control of is set is set and the address information for the information recording medium is
The application layer uses the AV address as address information.
The file system layer is used as a logical block number
And the logical sector number as address information,
The disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as address information.
Used as the logical block number and the logical sector number
Are associated with each other, and the logical sector number and
A physical sector number is associated with the AV data in the AV file.
Each extent is physically scattered in the body and recorded,
The AV file connects the scattered AV data.
Are managed by consecutive AV addresses, and
The beginning of the file is set as AV address "0".
An information recording medium characterized by being manufactured. 2. AV data and control information are recorded.
Information recording method for recording information on an information recording medium
In, the control information manages the reproduction order of the AV data.
And an AV file in which the AV data is stored, and the AV
File management information that manages the file recording position is
The file management information is a file for the AV file.
This file entry containing the file entry information
The information includes AV file identification information and the AV file.
File indicating the recording position information for each extent that composes the file.
An application that includes a location descriptor and sets the information processing method for the AV file.
Solution layer, file system layer, and information recording / playback
The disc drive layer on which the control of is set is set and the address information for the information recording medium is
The application layer uses the AV address as address information.
The file system layer is used as a logical block number
And the logical sector number as address information,
The disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as address information.
Used as the logical block number and the logical sector number
Are associated with each other, and the logical sector number and
A physical sector number is associated with the AV data in the AV file.
Each extent is physically scattered in the body and recorded,
The AV file connects the scattered AV data.
Are managed by consecutive AV addresses, and
The beginning of the file is set as AV address "0".
A concrete, recording or writing conversion the AV file in the information recording medium
And the step of recording or rewriting the control information.
A method of recording information , characterized by having 3. AV data and control information are recorded.
Information recorded on the information recording medium
In the information reproduction method, the control information manages the reproduction order of the AV data.
And an AV file in which the AV data is stored, and the AV
File management information that manages the file recording position is
The file management information is a file for the AV file.
This file entry containing the file entry information
The information includes AV file identification information and the AV file.
File indicating the recording position information for each extent that composes the file.
It includes a location descriptor and sets the information processing method to the AV file applique
Solution layer, file system layer, and information recording / playback
The disc drive layer on which the control of is set is set and the address information for the information recording medium is
The application layer uses the AV address as address information.
The file system layer is used as a logical block number
And the logical sector number as address information,
The disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as address information.
Used as the logical block number and the logical sector number
Are associated with each other, and the logical sector number and
A physical sector number is associated with the AV data in the AV file.
Each extent is physically scattered in the body and recorded,
The AV file connects the scattered AV data.
Are managed by consecutive AV addresses, and
The beginning of the file is set as AV address "0".
And reproducing the control information and the AV stream.
And reproducing AV data from the file.
An information reproducing method characterized by and . 4. The AV data and control information are recorded.
Information recorded on the information recording medium
In the information playback device, the control information manages the playback order of the AV data.
And an AV file in which the AV data is stored, and the AV
File management information that manages the file recording position is
The file management information is a file for the AV file.
This file entry containing the file entry information
The information includes AV file identification information and the AV file.
File indicating the recording position information for each extent that composes the file.
An application that includes a location descriptor and sets the information processing method for the AV file.
Solution layer, file system layer, and information recording / playback
And disk drives layer set control is set, with respect to the address information for the information recording medium, before
The application layer uses the AV address as address information.
The file system layer is used as a logical block number
And the logical sector number as address information,
The disk drive layer uses the physical sector number as address information.
Used as the logical block number and the logical sector number
Are associated with each other, and the logical sector number and
A physical sector number is associated with the AV data in the AV file.
Each extent is physically scattered in the body and recorded,
The AV file connects the scattered AV data.
Are managed by consecutive AV addresses, and
The beginning of the file is set as AV address "0".
Of the AV data recorded on the information recording medium.
In the case of the reproduction, the means for reproducing the control information and the AV file
Characterized by having means for reproducing AV data from
An information reproducing device.