JP2002089971A - Solar energy utilizing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar energy utilizing system capable of effectively utilizing a collected heat amount by improving a photothermal acquirement efficiency and shortening a transport route. SOLUTION: The solar energy utilizing system comprises a solar cell module 19 mounted on an upper surface of a substantially flat plate-like flat roof 17, and a photothermal hybrid module 18 having a heat collecting plate 18 mounted on the upper surface of the roof 17 to take out a thermal energy from a solar light. A hot water storage tank 20 is connected to the module 18 through feed and return heating medium piping 21 and 22. The module 18 is disposed along a south side roof end side 17a of the roof 17. The tank 20 is disposed substantially under the module 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used for a roof of a building such as a unit building, and in particular, uses solar cell energy in combination with a heat collecting module for extracting electric power and heat energy from sunlight and a solar cell module. It is about the system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a combination of a heat collecting module and a solar cell module is shown in FIG.
The following are known.

In such a device, a plurality of roof units 5 to 7 are placed on a living room 4 formed by combining a plurality of building units 1 to 3 so that a roof unit 8 is provided.
Are formed, and a unit building 9 as a prefabricated building is configured.

[0004] Heat collecting hybrid module panels 10 and 10 are respectively arranged on roof units 5 and 5 having a south-side inclined surface.

[0005] This photothermal hybrid module panel 1
0, a heat collecting plate 11 used as an energy source for cooling and heating in the unit building 9 by collecting solar heat and heating a heat medium such as antifreeze, water, or oil;
2 are combined, and the heat collection modules 13 are provided in a row on the ridge side.

Further, beside the heat collecting module 13,
Solar cell module 14 mainly composed of solar cell elements ...
However, two rows are provided on the eaves side.

The photothermal hybrid module panel 10 configured as described above can effectively use the limited area of the inclined roof 8 facing south.

Further, only the solar cell modules are arranged in a row on the upper surface of the substantially flat land roof portion, for example, from 3 mm to the upper surface.
Some are provided at an angle of attack of 15 °.

[0009]

However, when the heat collecting module and the solar cell module are installed along the roof inclined surface as in the former case, it is necessary to particularly consider the influence of the shadow caused by the module on other modules. There was no.

However, as in the latter case, when the module bodies 13 and the solar cell modules are arranged on the upper surface of the substantially flat land roof portion at a predetermined angle of attack with respect to the upper surface in the south direction, the arrangement may be changed. There was a possibility that the light / heat acquisition efficiency would be reduced due to the shadow of each module.

Here, it is generally said that the exchange efficiency when extracting electric power from sunlight and the exchange efficiency when extracting thermal energy are higher in the latter.

In addition, depending on the arrangement of the heat collecting module and a collecting heat utilization device for performing heat exchange or the like in order to use the obtained heat energy in the unit building 9, a heat medium such as antifreeze, hot water or oil may be used. There is also a possibility that the transport route of the airbag becomes longer and the obtained thermal energy is reduced before it is used effectively.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a solar energy utilization system capable of improving the efficiency of obtaining thermal energy, shortening the transportation route, and effectively utilizing the collected thermal energy. The purpose is to do so.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module mounted on an upper surface of a substantially flat flat roof, and a solar cell module mounted on the upper surface of the flat roof. And a heat collecting module for extracting heat energy from sunlight, wherein the heat collecting module is disposed on the south side with respect to the solar cell module. It is characterized by.

[0015] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the solar cell modules are provided.
The solar energy utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heat collection module is arranged so as to be located on the south side of all the solar cell modules.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of the solar cell modules are provided,
The heat collecting module is arranged so as to be located on the south side of the solar cell module, and another solar cell module is arranged in parallel in at least one of the east and west directions of the heat collecting module. A solar energy utilization system as described above is characterized.

According to the present invention, the solar cell module and the heat collecting module are mounted at a predetermined elevation angle with respect to the upper surface of the flat roof portion, and a plurality of rows are formed in the north-south direction. The solar energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is arranged as described above, is characterized.

According to the above-described structure, the heat collecting module having higher efficiency of obtaining energy from sunlight is located on the south side with respect to the solar cell module. Even if is provided at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the upper surface of the flat roof, there is no danger of being shadowed by the solar cell panel, and the energy acquisition efficiency can be improved.

Here, as an example in which the heat collecting module is located on the south side with respect to the solar cell module, 1, the heat collecting module is mounted on the south side of the solar cell module. 2. There is a case where the heat collecting module and the solar cell module are arranged at the same position in the north-south direction and side by side in the east-west direction.

Here, the definition of north-south may not be strict, and may have a range of ± 45 °.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a collection heat utilization device which is connected to the heat collection module via the heat medium pipe and utilizes heat energy is provided substantially below the heat collection module. The solar energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

Further, since the collected heat utilization device is located substantially below the heat collection module, the length of the heat medium pipe can be set short, and the obtained light heat can be used effectively. .

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention,
The said heat collecting module is a photothermal hybrid module which integrated the solar cell element for taking out electric power directly from sunlight, and the heat collecting plate for taking out thermal energy from sunlight. A solar energy utilization system according to one of the above aspects is characterized.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat collection module in which a solar cell element for directly extracting electric power from sunlight and a heat collection plate for extracting heat energy from sunlight are integrated. However, by arranging them along the southern roof edge of the flat roof portion, it is possible to obtain more favorable energy acquisition efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, the heat medium pipe includes an outward heat medium pipe for sending a heat medium from the heat collection and utilization device to the heat collection module, and a heat collection pipe from the heat collection module. A return heat medium pipe for returning the heat medium to the heat utilization device, wherein the length of the return heat medium pipe is shorter than the length of the return heat medium pipe. Item 5 or 6 is characterized by the solar energy utilization system.

[0026] In the above-described structure, the length of the pipe path of the return heat medium pipe is set shorter than the length of the pipe path of the outward heat medium pipe. So, the heat medium that has stored solar heat in the heat collection module,
It returns to the heat collection and utilization device via a short transport path in the return heat medium pipe.

Therefore, when the heat medium heated by the heat collecting panel is inserted through the return heat medium pipe, the amount of heat radiated around the pipe can be suppressed. Therefore, in the heat collecting device, the amount of heat collected can be effectively used.

[0028]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The same or equivalent parts as those in the conventional example will be described with the same reference numerals.

FIGS. 1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The solar energy utilization system according to the present invention is described firstly from this configuration.

In the solar cell energy utilization system according to the first embodiment, the roof 16 of the unit building 15 as a building is constituted by a substantially flat land roof 17 formed by combining a plurality of folded plate members.

On the upper surface of the flat roof portion 17, light-heat hybrid modules 18 as a row of heat collecting modules are provided.
And three rows of solar cell modules 19 are attached at an angle of attack of about 10 ° to the upper surface.

Here, the photothermal hybrid module 18
Are mounted on the south side with respect to the solar cell modules 19 arranged in three rows, but are not mounted on the north side.

The light-heat hybrid module 18 is disposed substantially directly above the south wall 15 a of the unit building 15 along the south roof edge 17 a of the land roof 17.

At a position substantially below the photothermal hybrid module 18, a heat storage tank 20 is installed under the eaves and covered with heat insulation and serves as a collected heat utilization device having a built-in heat exchanger.

The hot water storage tank 20 includes a forward heat medium pipe 21 for sending a heat medium composed of antifreeze to the photothermal hybrid module 18 and a return heat medium pipe 22 for returning the heat medium from the photothermal hybrid module 18 to the hot water tank 20. Is connected to the photothermal hybrid module 18 and set so that the length of the pipe path of the return heat medium pipe 22 is shorter than the length of the pipe path of the outward heat medium pipe 21. Have been.

The photothermal hybrid module 1
8 and the solar cell modules 19 are connected via a wiring 23 to an inverter 24 for converting into a household AC power supply and cooperating with the system, and the generated DC power is transmitted to the inverter 24. It is configured to:

In the first embodiment, the inverter 2
4 are arranged under the eaves of the east wall 15b.

Next, the photothermal hybrid module 1
8 will be described.

The light-heat hybrid module 18 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
5, an adhesive layer 26 made of an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) sheet, a plurality of solar cell elements 27 ..., an adhesive layer 2
8. The heat collecting plate 29 is laminated and has a structure in which the periphery is sealed with a urethane resin 30.

The structure of the solar cell element 27 may be any structure such as single crystal, polycrystal, and amorphous. The material is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies functions such as Si and CdTe.

The heat collecting plate 29 is provided with a panel 32 for receiving heat from the sun.

On the back surface of the panel 32, a heat insulating material 33 such as polystyrene resin is provided. The panel 32 is desirably made of metal in terms of function, and is desirably made of aluminum in terms of lightness and rust prevention. In addition, when a selective absorption film or black coating is applied to the light receiving surface, the heat collecting performance is improved.

The panel 32 is the panel 3
A plurality of water pipes 31 having a substantially triangular cross section which are held in the plurality of grooves 32a formed along the flow direction on the front surface side of 2 and are in thermal contact with the panel 32 are mounted. It is configured to collect solar heat and transmit it to a heat medium flowing in the water pipe 31.

The material of the water pipes 31 is desirably a metal in terms of function, and copper and aluminum are generally ideal in consideration of corrosion by a heat medium flowing inside.

As shown in FIG. 5, the heat collecting plate 29 is formed by high frequency welding (a welded portion is indicated by H1) of the water pipe 3l in a groove 32a formed on the surface side of the panel 32 in a substantially linear shape. , The linear welded part is swaged with a press machine (the swaged part is H2
Is shown).

Both ends of the water pipe 31 are brazed to header pipes 34, 34 made of copper, respectively (the brazing location is H3).
Are shown).

The front side of the panel 32 (the lower side in FIG. 5) is made as flat as possible so that the water pipes 31 and the like do not interfere when the solar cell elements 27 are attached. .

Such a photothermal hybrid module 1
In the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment having the above-described configuration, the south roof edge 17 shown in FIG.
photothermal hybrid modules 18 arranged along line a
Are connected to the header tube 34 of the photothermal hybrid module 18 that is disposed adjacent to each other via a rubber pipe 35 from the leftmost header tube 34 to the rightmost header tube 34.

In FIG. 7, the water inlet opening 34a formed at the left edge of the lower leftmost header pipe 34 is
The tip 21 extends to a position away from the hot water storage tank 20 of the outward heat medium pipe 21 via a rubber pipe 35.
a. The lowermost rightmost header tube 34
Is sealed by an end plug 36.

In FIG. 7, the left end of the upper leftmost header tube 34 is sealed by an end plug 36. A water outlet 34b is formed at the right end edge of the upper rightmost header pipe 34, and the return heat extending in the water outlet 34b substantially directly above the hot water storage tank 20. The upper end 22a of the medium pipe 22 is
Connected through.

These feed and return heat medium pipes 21 and 22
From the parapet at the south end of the roof 16
5a, it goes out from the south wall surface 15a where the hot water storage tank 20 is installed in the outdoor direction, and the rightmost upper header pipe 34.
It is connected to the hot water storage tank 20 installed on the wall surface immediately below. The heat medium performs heat collection while circulating in the above-described path. The circulation of the heating medium is driven by a pump (not shown).

Note that the water pipe 31 has a buoyancy due to a temperature difference of the heat medium, which is related to the installation form.
It is known that taking a path so that the heat medium flows upward from below improves heat collecting performance.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, FIG.
Among the light-heat hybrid modules 18 arranged in a row along the south-side roof edge 17a in a row of six, the header pipes 34 connected to the outward heat medium pipes 21 via rubber pipes 35 And the return heat medium pipe 2
2, a header pipe 34 connected via a rubber pipe 35.
It is placed upright on the flat roof portion 17 at an angle of about 10 degrees so that the side faces upward.

As shown in FIG. 6, from the back side of the photothermal hybrid module 18, cables 39, 39 with connectors 37, 38 for extracting electricity are provided.
Are drawn out through insertion holes 40, 40 shown in FIG.

The procedure for manufacturing the photothermal hybrid module 18 is as follows. First, an adhesive layer 26 made of an EVA sheet
, And a solar cell element 27 composed of a large number of single crystal silicons wired in series is placed on the
An adhesive layer 28 made of an A sheet and a heat collecting plate 29 are prepared from above.

Next, it is laminated on a laminator device. Then, the adhesive layers 26 and 28 made of the EVA sheet are melted, and the whole is adhered and integrated. The EVA that has melted and protruded to the surroundings is cut, and the white-sheet tempered glass is laminated. The space in the multilayered white-sheet reinforced double-glazed glass 25 becomes a heat insulating layer, and heat radiation from the surface layer is suppressed.

Then, the prepared white-plate reinforced double-glazed glass 2
5 is set in a mold, and the surrounding urethane resin 30 for sealing is molded by RIM molding. Thereafter, the heat collecting plate 29
A polystyrene resin is stuck on the side surface to form a heat insulating layer on the back surface. As described above, the photothermal hybrid module 18
Can be obtained.

Next, the configuration of the solar cell module 19 will be described.

The photovoltaic module 19 arranged above the photothermal hybrid module 18 has a P.sub.P instead of the heat collecting plate 29 of the photothermal hybrid module 18 described above.
A metal sheet coated on both sides with VF (vinyl fluoride resin) is used.

Since the solar cell module 19 does not need to form a heat insulating layer, its manufacturing method is almost the same as that of the photothermal hybrid module 18 except for the step of providing the heat insulating layer.

The outer dimensions of the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are formed of a panel having a size of about 900 mm square to improve the appearance quality with a sense of unity.

The thickness of the urethane resin for sealing the ends is substantially the same, and is configured to be easily replaced.

Next, the photothermal hybrid module 1
An installation example of the solar cell module 8 and the solar cell module 19 will be described.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are arranged on the upper surface of the flat roof in four rows in the north-south direction. Of the four rows, six of the southernmost rows of photothermal hybrid modules 18 and twenty-four solar cell modules 19 composed of three rows north of the photothermal hybrid modules 18, each row being provided on the top surface of the flat roof portion 17. They are installed at predetermined intervals.

The photothermal hybrid module 18
Are arranged on the south side with respect to all of the solar cell modules 19.

Each of the numbers can be changed according to the hot water supply load, the required power amount and the cost.

Next, the operation of the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment will be described.

In the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment, the water sent from the hot water storage tank 20 is formed at the lower left end of the photothermal hybrid module 18 in FIG. Water inlet opening 3
From 4a, it is supplied to each lower header tube 34 of the photothermal hybrid module 18.

In the photothermal hybrid module 18, the water passing through the water pipes 31 is heated by the solar heat collected by the heat collecting plate 29, and the water flows out of the header pipes 34 provided on the upper side again. The heat is returned into the return heat medium pipe 22 through the opening 34b.

In the first embodiment, the length of the pipe path of the return heat medium pipe 22 is set to be shorter than the length of the pipe path of the outward heat medium pipe 21. The heat medium storing the solar heat in the photothermal hybrid module 18 passes through a short transport path in the return heat medium pipe 19,
It returns to the hot water storage tank 20.

For this reason, the heat medium is supplied to the return heat medium pipe 19.
The amount of heat dissipated around the pipe when inserted through the inside can be suppressed. Therefore, in the hot water storage tank 20, the amount of heat collected is transferred to the unit building 15 by a heat exchanger.
It can be converted to energy used inside and used effectively. In addition, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the piping members forming the return heat medium piping 19 and the like.

Further, in the first embodiment, the water inlet opening 34a formed at the left end edge of the lower leftmost header tube 34 has an The medium is passed through the plurality of water pipes 31... Along a long path and with a wide contact area up to the water discharge opening 34b formed diagonally on the right end edge of the right end header pipe 34. Therefore, also in this respect, the energy acquisition efficiency is good.

The photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are connected to the inverter 24 by a cable via the wiring 23, and the power generated by the solar radiation is input to the inverter 24 and converted into a household AC power supply.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the photothermal hybrid module 18 whose energy acquisition efficiency is higher than that of the solar cell module 19 is arranged along the southern roof edge 17a of the land roof portion 17. In addition, there is no danger of being shadowed by other modules, and the energy acquisition efficiency can be improved.

In the first embodiment, the hot water storage tank 20 is located substantially below the water outlet 34b of the heat collection module 18, so that the return heat medium pipe 2
The tube path of No. 2 can be set short, and the obtained light heat can be used effectively.

Further, in the first embodiment, the efficiency of the photothermal hybrid module 18 in which the solar cell element 27 for extracting electric power directly from sunlight and the heat collecting plate 29 for extracting thermal energy from sunlight are integrated. Is very high compared to 15% of the solar cell module 19 at an overall efficiency of 55%. Therefore, by arranging it in the front row, which is not shadowed, along the southern roof edge 17a of the flat roof portion 17 The efficiency of the entire system can be increased.

[0078]

[Modification 1] FIGS. 8 and 9 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
9 shows a solar energy utilization system according to a first modification of the first embodiment.

In the first modification, instead of the photothermal hybrid module 118, a heat collecting module 118 having no solar cell elements 27 is used.

The other configuration, operation, and effect are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

Although the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment. Included in the invention.

For example, as described above, the photothermal hybrid modules 18 are six in series here, but may be three-two parallel or two-three parallel.

Further, in the first embodiment, the hot water storage tank 20 having the built-in heat exchanger is used as the collected heat utilizing device, but it is a matter of course that a heating device such as a fan coil may be used.

Further, propylene glycol or the like can be used as a heat medium flowing through the water pipe 32 or the like in addition to water and oil.

[0085]

Second Embodiment FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of the arrangement of the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19.

Here, the photothermal hybrid module 18
The solar cell module 19 and the solar cell module 19 are mounted at an angle of attack of about 10 ° with respect to the upper surface of the flat roof portion 16, and are further arranged in four rows in the north-south direction.

Of these rows, the southernmost row 1 is the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 1
9 are arranged in the east-west direction. Further, the photothermal hybrid module 18 is arranged only in the row l.

As described above, even if the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are located at the same position in the north-south direction, the photothermal hybrid module 18 is arranged in the east-west direction as the row l.
Is not shadowed by the solar cell module 19.

Therefore, the energy acquisition efficiency can be increased as described above.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a unit building showing an overall configuration in a solar energy utilization system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the photothermal hybrid module at a position along line AA in FIG. 6.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near a solar cell element of a photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a relationship between a water pipe and a heat collecting plate of the photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the light-heat hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment when the heat collecting plate is viewed from the back surface side.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a row of photothermal hybrid modules used in the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment and a heat medium pipe.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a unit building showing a modified example of the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment at a position corresponding to a position along the line AA in FIG. 6 of the heat collecting module.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a flat roof showing an arrangement of a photothermal hybrid module and a solar cell module in the solar energy utilization system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional unit building.

[Explanation of symbols]

15, 115 Unit building 16 Roof 17 Land roof 17a South roof edge 18 Photothermal hybrid module (heat collecting module) 19 Solar cell module 20 Hot water tank (collection heat utilization device) 21 Outgoing heat medium pipe 22 Incoming heat medium pipe 118 Thermal module

Continuation of the front page F term (reference) 2E108 KK02 LL01 LL07 MM00 NN02 NN07 5F051 JA18

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A solar energy utilization system comprising: a solar cell module mounted on an upper surface of a substantially flat land roof; and a heat collection module mounted on the upper surface of the flat roof to extract heat energy from sunlight. The solar energy utilization system, wherein the heat collection module is disposed on the south side with respect to the solar cell module. 2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said solar cell modules are provided, and said heat collecting module is located on the south side of all said solar cell modules. Solar energy utilization system. 3. A plurality of said solar cell modules are provided, and said heat collecting module is disposed so as to be located on the south side of said solar cell module. The solar energy utilization system according to claim 1, wherein another solar cell module is provided in at least one of the solar cell modules. 4. The solar cell module and the heat collecting module are mounted at a predetermined elevation angle with respect to the upper surface of the flat roof portion, and are further arranged in a plurality of rows in a north-south direction. The solar energy utilization system according to claim 1. 5. A collection heat utilization device connected to the heat collection module via the heat medium pipe and utilizing heat energy is located substantially below the heat collection module. The solar energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The heat collecting module is a photothermal hybrid module in which a solar cell element for extracting electric power directly from sunlight and a heat collecting plate for extracting thermal energy from sunlight are integrated. The solar energy utilization system according to claim 1. 7. The heat medium pipe includes a forward heat medium pipe for sending a heat medium from the heat collection device to the heat collection module, and a return path heat for returning the heat medium from the heat collection module to the heat collection device. 7. A medium pipe, wherein the length of the pipe path of the return heat medium pipe is set to be shorter than the length of the pipe path of the outward heat medium pipe. Solar energy utilization system.