JP2002081757A - Solar energy utilizing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar energy utilizing system, which enhance the workability and can effectively utilize collected heat energy, by shortening the transportation path of a heat medium, in case of attaching a heat-collective solar module and a solar cell module onto the topside of a land roof. SOLUTION: This is a solar energy utilizing system which has a solar cell module 19 attached to the topside of a roughly plate-shaped flat roof part 17 and a photothermal hybrid module 18 being provided with a heat-collective plate 18 for taking heat energy out of the sunray, being attached to the topside of the flat roof part 17. The photothermal hybrid modules 18, etc., are arranged in a row along the north roof margin 17a of the flat roof part 17, and a hot water reservoir 20 arranged north of a building roughly below it is connected to it through supply and return pipes 21 and 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used in a roof of a building such as a unit building, and more particularly, a solar cell energy utilization system using a solar cell together with a heat collecting module for extracting electric power and heat energy from sunlight. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a combination of a heat collecting module and a solar cell module is shown in FIG.
The following are known.

In such a device, a plurality of roof units 5 to 7 are placed on a living room 4 formed by combining a plurality of building units 1 to 3 so that a roof unit 8 is provided.
Are formed, and a unit building 9 as a prefabricated building is configured.

[0004] On the roof units 5, 5 having a south-side inclined surface, a heat collection module 13 is provided.
A solar cell module 14 is provided.

[0005] The heat collecting module 13 thus configured
Can effectively utilize the limited area of the roof 8 slope facing south.

[0006]

However, when the heat collecting module is provided on the slope facing south as described above, connection with equipment such as a hot water storage tank generally installed on the north side of the building is difficult. there were.

Further, depending on the arrangement of the heat collecting module 13 and a hot water tank for performing heat exchange, heat storage, etc., in order to use the obtained thermal energy in the unit building 9, a heat medium such as hot water or oil may be used. There is a possibility that the transport route becomes long and the obtained thermal energy is reduced before it is effectively used.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can improve the workability and shorten the heat medium transport route when the heat collecting module and the solar cell module are mounted on the upper surface of the flat roof. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar energy utilization system capable of effectively utilizing collected heat energy.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module mounted on an upper surface of a substantially flat flat roof, and a solar cell module mounted on the upper surface of the flat roof. A heat collection module that extracts heat energy from sunlight, equipment that uses the heat energy, and an outgoing pipe and a return pipe that connect these heat collection modules and the equipment. A solar energy utilization system configured to supply the heat collecting module from the equipment through the outward piping and to return to the equipment through the return piping from the heat collecting module, wherein the heat collecting module includes: The solar cell module is arranged on the north side of the flat roof portion, the solar cell module is arranged on the south side of the heat collection module, and the equipment is arranged on the north side of the building having the flat roof portion. It is characterized in solar energy utilization systems.

[0010] According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the light-heat module having a relatively high energy acquisition efficiency is arranged at the edge of the northern roof of the flat roof, it is generally used for a building. Connection with equipment such as a hot water tank installed on the north side can be easily performed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat collecting module is disposed along a northern roof edge of the flat roof, and the equipment is provided substantially below the heat collecting module. A solar energy utilization system according to claim 1 is characterized.

[0012] According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the equipment is located substantially below the heat collection module, the length of the heat medium pipe can be shortened. The heat generated can be effectively used.

Moreover, since the equipment can be arranged on the north side of the building, in a building having the south side as the front, the equipment is hidden behind the building, and the appearance quality can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention,
The solar energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat collecting module is a photothermal hybrid module in which a solar cell element for directly extracting electric power from sunlight and a heat collecting plate for extracting heat energy from sunlight are integrated. It features a usage system.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photothermal module in which a solar cell element for directly extracting electric power from sunlight and a heat collecting plate for extracting thermal energy from sunlight are integrated. By arranging it along the northern roof edge of the flat roof portion, it is possible to further obtain good energy acquisition efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, the length of the pipe path of the return pipe is set shorter than the length of the pipe path of the outward pipe. It features a solar energy utilization system.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the length of the return passage is set to be shorter than the length of the return passage.
The heat medium storing the heat energy in the heat collecting module returns to the equipment via a short transport path in the return pipe.

Therefore, when the heat medium is inserted through the return pipe, the amount of heat radiated around the pipe can be suppressed. Therefore, in the equipment, the amount of heat collected can be effectively utilized. Further, the manufacturing cost of the piping member can be reduced.

[0019]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Parts that are the same as or equivalent to those in the conventional example will be described with the same reference numerals.

FIGS. 1 to 7 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The solar energy utilization system according to the present invention is described firstly from this configuration.

In the solar cell energy utilization system according to the first embodiment, the roof 16 of the unit building 15 as a building is constituted by a substantially flat land roof 17 formed by combining a plurality of folded plate members.

On the upper surface of the flat roof portion 17, a light-heat hybrid module 18 as a row of heat collecting modules is provided.
, Three rows of solar cell modules 19...
Mounted at 0 ° angle of attack.

The photothermal hybrid module 18 is separated from the unit building 1 by a predetermined distance along the northern roof edge 17a of the land roof section 17 so that the shadow of the solar cell module 19 does not cast much.
5 is disposed almost directly above the north wall 15a.

The solar cell modules 19 are arranged in three rows on the south side of the row of the photothermal hybrid modules 18.

At a position substantially below the photothermal hybrid module 18 on the north side of the unit building 15, there is provided a hot water storage tank 20 as a facility device having a built-in heat exchanger installed under the eaves and covered with heat.

The hot water storage tank 20 is provided outside the north wall 15a of the unit building 15, but may be provided on the outer wall of the east-west wall if it is on the north side.

The photothermal hybrid module 18
Between the hot water tank 20 and the outgoing pipe 2
1 and a return line 22 are provided.

Then, with a pump (not shown), a heat medium composed of antifreeze is supplied from the hot water tank 20 to the photothermal hybrid module 18 via the outward pipe 21 and returned from the photothermal hybrid module 18 to the hot water tank 20 via the return pipe 22. It has been made like that.

In the first embodiment, the outward piping 21
The length of the pipe path of the return pipe 22 is set shorter than the length of the pipe path.

The photothermal hybrid module 1
8 and the solar cell modules 19 are connected via a wiring 23 to an inverter 24 for converting into a household AC power supply and cooperating with the system, and the generated DC power is transmitted to the inverter 24. It is configured to:

In the first embodiment, the inverter 2
4 are arranged under the eaves of the east wall 15b.

Next, the photothermal hybrid module 1
8 will be described.

The light-heat hybrid module 18 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
5, an adhesive layer 26 made of an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) sheet, a plurality of solar cell elements 27 ..., an adhesive layer 2
8. The heat collecting plate 29 is laminated and has a structure in which the periphery is sealed with a urethane resin 30.

The structure of the solar cell element 27 may be any structure such as single crystal, polycrystal and amorphous. The material is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies functions such as Si and CdTe.

The heat collecting plate 29 is provided with a panel 32 for receiving heat from the sun.

On the back surface of the panel 32, a heat insulating material 33 such as polystyrene resin is provided. The panel 32 is desirably made of metal in terms of function, and is desirably made of aluminum in terms of lightness and rust prevention. In addition, when a selective absorption film or black coating is applied to the light receiving surface, the heat collecting performance is improved.

The panel 32 is the panel 3
A plurality of grooves 3 formed in one direction on the surface side of
2a, which are held in the panel 32 and are in contact with the panel 32 in a heat conductive manner, are fitted with water pipes 31 having a substantially triangular cross section. It is configured as follows.

The material of the water pipes 31 is preferably a metal in terms of function, and copper and aluminum are generally ideal in consideration of corrosion by a heat medium flowing inside.

As shown in FIG. 5, the heat collecting plate 29 is formed by high frequency welding (a welded portion is indicated by H1) of the water pipe 31 in a groove 32a formed on the surface side of the panel 32 in a substantially linear shape. , The linear welded part is swaged with a press machine (the swaged part is H2
Is shown).

Both ends of the water pipe 31 are brazed to header pipes 43 made of copper, respectively (the brazing location is H3).
Are shown).

The front side (the lower side in FIG. 5) of the panel 32 is made as flat as possible so that the water pipe 31 and the like do not interfere when the solar cell elements 27 are attached. .

Such a photothermal hybrid module 1
In the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment having the solar cell system 8 of FIG.
photothermal hybrid modules 18 arranged along line a
Are connected to the header tube 34 of the photothermal hybrid module 18 that is disposed adjacent to each other via a rubber pipe 35 from the leftmost header tube 34 to the rightmost header tube 34.

In FIG. 7, the water inlet opening 34a formed at the left end of the lower leftmost header pipe 34 is connected to the hot water storage tank 2 of the outward pipe 21 via a rubber pipe 35.
It is connected to a distal end 21a extending to a position separated from zero. The right edge of the lower rightmost header tube 34 is sealed by an end plug 36.

In FIG. 7, the left end of the upper leftmost header tube 34 is sealed by an end plug 36. A water outlet 34b is formed at the right end edge of the uppermost rightmost header pipe 34, and the return pipe extends substantially directly above the hot water storage tank 20 in the water outlet 34b. The upper end portion 22 a of the tube 22 is connected via a rubber pipe 35.

The forward and return pipes 21 and 22 are
The north wall 15a where the hot water tank 20 is installed passes through the space inside the north wall 15a from the parapet at the north end of the roof portion 16.
From the outside to the outside, and is connected to the hot water storage tank 20 installed on the wall surface immediately below the rightmost upper header pipe 34.
A heat medium such as hot water or oil collects heat while circulating in the above-described path.

In the present invention, six light-heat hybrid modules 18 are used as heat collection modules.
Even if the photothermal hybrid module 18 is one,
Any number other than six may be used. Further, in some buildings, the building, the wall surface, or the edge of the roof may not be completely oriented in the north-south direction. Therefore, the north in the present invention means from northeast to northwest.

Further, although it is a matter related to the installation form, the water pipe 31 has a buoyancy due to a temperature difference of the heat medium.
It is known that taking a path so that the heat medium flows upward from below improves heat collecting performance.

For this reason, in the first embodiment, FIG.
Of the light-heat hybrid modules 18 arranged in a row along the northern roof edge 17a in the middle and six rows, the header pipes 34 connected to the outgoing pipes 21 via the rubber pipes 35 have the lower side. Also, the header pipe 34 connected to the return pipe 22 via a rubber pipe 35 is placed obliquely at an angle of about 38 degrees on the flat roof portion 17 so that the side thereof faces upward. So that they can be placed.

Also, as shown in FIG. 6, from the back side of the photothermal hybrid module 18, cables 39, 39 with connectors 37, 38 for taking out electricity are connected, as shown in FIG.
Are drawn out through insertion holes 40, 40 shown in FIG.

The procedure for manufacturing the photothermal hybrid module 18 is as follows. First, an adhesive layer 26 made of an EVA sheet
, And a solar cell element 27 composed of a large number of single crystal silicons wired in series is placed on the
An adhesive layer 28 made of an A sheet and a heat collecting plate 29 are prepared from above.

Next, it is laminated on a laminator device. Then, the adhesive layers 26 and 28 made of the EVA sheet are melted, and the whole is adhered and integrated. The EVA that has melted and protruded to the surroundings is cut, and the white-sheet tempered glass is laminated. The space in the multilayered white-sheet reinforced double-glazed glass 25 becomes a heat insulating layer, and heat radiation from the surface layer is suppressed.

Then, the prepared white-plate reinforced double-glazed glass 2
5 is set in a mold, and the surrounding urethane resin 30 for sealing is molded by RIM molding. Thereafter, the heat collecting plate 29
A polystyrene resin is stuck on the side surface to form a heat insulating layer on the back surface. As described above, the photothermal hybrid module 18
Can be obtained.

Next, the configuration of the solar cell module 19 will be described.

The solar cell module 19 arranged above the photothermal hybrid module 18 has a P.sub.P instead of the heat collecting plate 29 of the photothermal hybrid module 18 described above.
A metal sheet coated on both sides with VF (vinyl fluoride resin) is used.

Since the solar cell module 19 does not need to form a heat insulating layer, its manufacturing method is almost the same as that of the photothermal hybrid module 18 except for the step of providing the heat insulating layer.

The outer dimensions of the photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are about 900 mm square, and have a unified feeling to improve the appearance quality.

Next, the photothermal hybrid module 1
An installation example of the solar cell module 8 and the solar cell module 19 will be described.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, six photothermal hybrid modules 18 in one row and twenty-four solar cell modules 19 in three rows are provided. Are installed at predetermined intervals.

Each of the numbers can be changed according to the hot water supply load, the required power amount, and the cost.

Next, the operation of the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment will be described.

In the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment, the heat medium sent out of the hot water storage tank 20 passes through the outward pipe 21 and passes through the photothermal hybrid module 18.
7 through the water inlet opening 34a formed at the lower left end in FIG.
Supplied to

In the photothermal hybrid module 18, the water passing through the water pipes 31 is heated by the solar heat collected by the heat collecting plate 29, and the water flows out of the header pipes 34 provided on the upper side again. It is returned into the return pipe 22 through the opening 34b.

In the first embodiment, the outward piping 21
The length of the pipe path of the return pipe 22 is set to be shorter than the length of the pipe path of the above, so that the heat medium storing the solar heat in the photothermal hybrid module 18 Hot water tank 2 via a short transport route
Come back to 0.

Therefore, when the heat medium is inserted through the return pipe 22, the amount of heat radiated around the pipe can be suppressed. Therefore, in the hot water storage tank 20, the amount of heat collected can be converted to energy used in the unit building 15 by a heat exchanger and used effectively. And
The manufacturing cost of the piping members constituting the return piping 22 and the like can be reduced.

Further, in the first embodiment, the water inlet opening 34a formed at the left end edge of the lower leftmost header pipe 34 has an uppermost end, as compared with a case where water is passed linearly. The medium is passed through the plurality of water pipes 31... Along a long path and with a wide contact area up to the water discharge opening 34b formed diagonally on the right end edge of the right end header pipe 34. Therefore, also in this respect, the energy acquisition efficiency is good.

The photothermal hybrid module 18 and the solar cell module 19 are connected to the inverter 24 by a cable via the wiring 23, and the power generated by the solar radiation is input to the inverter 24 and converted into a household AC power supply.

Further, in the first embodiment, the photothermal hybrid module 18 having a relatively high energy acquisition efficiency is arranged at a predetermined distance along the northern roof edge 17a of the land roof portion 17. . For this reason,
Using a pedestal or the like, this photothermal hybrid module 18
By providing only the rows of... At a relatively high position, the possibility of being shaded by other modules can be further reduced, and the energy acquisition efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, when a building or the like having a height substantially equal to that of the unit building 15 exists on the adjacent land on the south side, the sunshine time is relatively long throughout the year near the northern roof edge 17a, so that the energy acquisition efficiency is further improved. .

In the first embodiment, since the hot water storage tank 20 is located substantially below the water outlet 34b of the photothermal hybrid module 18, the length of the return pipe 22 can be set short. Moreover, by providing the pipes along the wall surface in the upward and downward directions, the workability can be improved. Further, the obtained heat energy can be effectively used.

When comparing the solar cell module 19 and the photothermal hybrid module 18 with the hot water storage tank 20,
In the installation location, the hot water storage tank 20 has an entrance and the like on the south side, and in a building that is in front, it is installed together with other hot water supply equipment etc. in an unobtrusive location on the north side, and these equipments are installed depending on the building. There is a restriction that it is preferable to improve the appearance quality by arranging using a hidden space that cannot be seen.

Under this constraint, the photothermal hybrid module 18 is installed near the north side so that the hot water storage tank 20 arranged using the dead space on the north side is located substantially below, so that the outward and return pipes 21 and 22 are provided. Can be shortened, and an improvement in workability and an improvement in the efficiency of collecting heat energy can be realized.

Further, in the first embodiment, since the hot water storage tank 20 can be disposed on the north side of the unit building 15, the appearance quality can be improved.

[0073]

[Modification 1] FIGS. 8 and 9 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
9 shows a solar energy utilization system according to a first modification of the first embodiment.

In the first modification, instead of the photothermal hybrid module 18, a heat collecting module 118 having no solar cell elements 27 is used.

The other configuration and operation and effect are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description is omitted.

Although the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Included in the invention.

For example, as described above, the six photothermal hybrid modules 18 are arranged in series in this embodiment, but they may be arranged in three, two, three or two in parallel.

Further, in the first embodiment, the hot water storage tank 20 containing the heat exchanger is used as the equipment, but it goes without saying that a heating device such as a fan coil may be used.

Further, as a heat medium flowing through the water pipe 32 or the like, an antifreeze such as propylene glycol can be used in addition to water and oil.

[0080]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the photothermal module having a relatively high energy acquisition efficiency is arranged at the edge of the northern roof of the flat roof, a general method is used. Can easily be connected to equipment such as a hot water tank installed on the north side of the building.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the facility equipment is located substantially below the heat collecting module, the pipe path of the heat medium pipe can be set short, and the acquired light Can be effectively utilized.

Further, since the equipment can be arranged on the north side of the building, in a building having the south side as the front, the equipment is hidden behind the building, and the appearance quality can be improved.

[0083] According to the third aspect,
A photovoltaic module integrating a solar cell element for directly extracting electric power from sunlight and a heat collecting plate for extracting thermal energy from sunlight is arranged along the northern roof edge of the flat roof. As a result, more favorable energy acquisition efficiency can be obtained.

Further, according to the fourth aspect, since the length of the pipe route of the return pipe is set to be shorter than the length of the pipe route of the outward pipe, The heat medium storing the heat energy in the heat module returns to the equipment via a short transport path in the return pipe.

Thus, when the heat medium is inserted through the return pipe, the amount of heat radiated around the pipe can be suppressed. Therefore, in the equipment, the amount of heat collected can be effectively utilized. In addition, there is a practically useful effect that the manufacturing cost of the piping member can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a unit building showing an overall configuration in a solar energy utilization system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the photothermal hybrid module at a position along line AA in FIG. 6.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view near a solar cell element of a photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a relationship between a water pipe and a heat collecting plate of the photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the light-heat hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment when the heat collecting plate is viewed from the back surface side.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a photothermal hybrid module used in the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a row of photothermal hybrid modules used in the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment and a heat transfer pipe.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a unit building showing a modified example of the solar energy utilization system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the solar energy utilization system according to the first embodiment at a position corresponding to a position along the line AA in FIG. 6 of the heat collecting module.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional unit building.

[Explanation of symbols]

15, 115 Unit building 16 Roof 17 Land roof 17a North roof edge 18 Photothermal hybrid module (heat collecting module) 19 Solar cell module 20 Hot water storage tank (equipment) 21 Outgoing piping 22 Return piping 118 Heat collecting module

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E108 KK01 LL01 LL07 MM00 NN02 NN07 5F051 BA03 JA03 JA04 JA05 JA09 JA18

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell module mounted on an upper surface of a substantially flat land roof, a heat collection module mounted on an upper surface of the flat roof to extract heat energy from sunlight, and equipment utilizing the heat energy Equipment, a forward pipe and a return pipe for connecting these heat collecting modules and the equipment, and supplying a heat medium from the equipment to the heat collecting module via the outward pipe, and A solar energy utilization system configured to return to the facility equipment via piping, wherein the heat collection module is disposed on a north side of the flat roof portion, and the solar cell module is on a south side of the heat collection module. The solar energy utilization system is arranged, and the equipment is arranged on a north side of a building including the flat roof portion. 2. The heat collecting module according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting module is disposed along a northern roof edge of the flat roof portion, and the equipment is provided substantially below the heat collecting module. Solar energy utilization system. 3. The heat collecting module is a photothermal hybrid module in which a solar cell element for extracting electric power directly from sunlight and a heat collecting plate for extracting thermal energy from sunlight are integrated. The solar energy utilization system according to claim 1. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length of the return passage is shorter than the length of the return passage. Solar energy utilization system.