JP2001221013A - Closed-cycle hydrogen engine, power generation method, power generation system and machine system driven by it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a completely clean, small, high-performance, long-life and low-cost closed-cycle hydrogen engine, a power generation method, a power generation system and a machine system driven by the system capable of preventing air pollution and earth warming. SOLUTION: As the power system 12 of the machine system 14, the closed- cycle hydrogen engine 10 is adopted. The engine 10 is provided with a plasma reactor 16, a combustor 18, an expansion turbine 20, a condenser 22 and a high pressure pump 24. From high pressure of the high pressure pump 24, mixed gas of hydrogen, oxygen and steam is generated in the presence of plasma arc by a plasma reactor, and burnt by the combustor 18 to generate high pressure steam. The expansion turbine 22 is driven by the high pressure steam, and expansion gas is condensed by the condenser 22 and circulated to the high pressure pump 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrogen-oxygen combustion gas turbine and a moving body using the same, and more particularly, to a closed cycle hydrogen engine, a power generation method, a power generation system, and a mechanical system driven by the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hydrogen energy has recently been used as an effective measure to prevent depletion of petroleum resources, air pollution by harmful gases emitted from various industrial fields such as automobiles, factories and power plants, and global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Attention has been paid to new energy, and a power system using this has been proposed.

[0003] US Pat. No. 5,177,952 proposes a closed cycle power system utilizing a hydrogen-oxygen combustion engine. In this power system, feed water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen using an electrolyzer, but the electrolyzer is extremely inefficient and has a high running cost. Therefore, this system cannot produce the required amount of hydrogen oxygen on demand instantaneously at low cost. In particular, a hydrogen combustion engine such as a gas turbine needs a large amount of hydrogen oxygen per unit time, but in order to cope with this, the size of the electrolytic device must be significantly increased. Moreover,
In the above system, hydrogen oxygen is combusted by the catalytic combustor. As is clear from the disclosure of the above patent, the catalytic combustor was extremely large, had a complicated structure, and had a large number of parts.

US Pat. Nos. 5,143,025 and 5,196,104 propose a closed cycle power system using hydrogen oxygen as fuel. In this power system, an electrolytic device having a number of electrodes is arranged between an intake side and an exhaust side of an engine. In this device, the gas turbine system becomes large in structure, and cannot be adopted for a mobile unit, a small gas turbine power generation system, and the like. In addition, in this device, a large amount of millet is generated on the electrode surface during the water electrolysis, thereby significantly deteriorating the water electrolysis. Therefore, the electrolysis apparatus cannot instantaneously generate the required amount of hydrogen oxygen on demand, and it has been difficult to commercialize this type of power system.

[0005] US Patent No. 5,690,902 discloses a closed cycle in which an alkaline aqueous solution is brought into contact with a reactor bed filled with an iron catalyst to generate hydrogen, thereby driving a heat engine to propel an automobile. Engine systems have been proposed. In this engine system,
An iron catalyst is filled in a plurality of small tubes and mounted in a reactor bed, and an alkaline aqueous solution is supplied thereto to generate hydrogen. In this technique, when water reacts with an iron catalyst in the presence of an alkali catalyst, the iron becomes Fe ₃
Since it is passivated immediately after being oxidized like O ₄ , hydrogen cannot be continuously generated. Therefore, the surface of the passivated iron catalyst is polished by a polishing device, but the hydrogen generation process becomes complicated.

[0006]

In conventional power systems and engine systems, both the electrolyzer and the reactor bed have extremely low hydrogen generation efficiency, and cannot instantaneously generate the required amount of hydrogen on-site. In addition, the power system and the engine system are significantly increased in size and the manufacturing cost is increased, so that it has been difficult to commercialize the system as a distributed power generator and a power system for automobiles, trucks, buses, aircraft and ships.

The present invention provides a closed-cycle hydrogen engine, a power generation method, a power generation system, and a mechanical system driven by the same that can be used as a next-generation energy system having a small size, a high performance, a low cost, and a low running cost. Aim.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a next-generation power system and a next-generation mechanical system that circulate and use water as fuel in a closed system, thereby eliminating the need for external fuel supply. is there.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In the first invention of the present application, the closed cycle hydrogen engine communicates with (a) an expansion turbine; (b) a high pressure pump for pressurizing an electrolyte; and (c) a high pressure pump. Water / fuel conversion means for generating a mixed gas of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor from the electrolyte in the presence of the plasma arc; (d) a combustor for burning the mixed gas to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam; A jet nozzle for supplying steam to the expansion turbine as a jet stream; (f) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; (g) a circulation connected between the condenser and a high-pressure pump. And return line.

In the second invention of the present application, the closed cycle hydrogen engine includes: (a) an engine housing; and (b) a plasma arc generated in the engine housing. (C) a combustor disposed adjacent to the plasma reactor in the engine housing to burn hydrogen and oxygen to produce a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; and (d) in the engine housing. A high pressure pump disposed to supply electrolyte under pressure to the plasma reactor; (e) an expansion turbine disposed within the engine housing to expand the working fluid; and (f) between the combustor and the expansion turbine. (G) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas from the expansion turbine to produce an electrolyte; It is achieved by providing a; condenser and a recycle system path connecting the high-pressure pump.

In the third invention of the present application, the power generation method is as follows:
(A) pressurizing the electrolyte with a high-pressure pump in a closed cycle; (b) contacting the pressurized electrolyte with a plasma arc to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor; (c) Reacting hydrogen and oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; (d) expanding the working fluid with an expansion turbine to obtain a power output; and (e) condensing exhaust gas from the expansion turbine to form an electrolyte. And (f) circulating the electrolyte through a high-pressure pump.

In the fourth invention of the present application, the power generation system includes: (a) a high-pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle to pressurize the electrolyte; and (b) communicating with the high-pressure pump to contact the electrolyte with the plasma arc. A plasma reactor for producing a mixed gas of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor, and (c) a combustor for burning hydrogen oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; and (d) communicating with the combustor to expand the working fluid. (E) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; and (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump. This is achieved by:

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the mechanical system includes: (a) a high-pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle and pressurizing the electrolyte; and (b) communicating the electrolyte with the plasma arc in communication with the high-pressure pump. (C) a combustor for generating a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid by burning hydrogen oxygen; and (d) expanding the working fluid in communication with the combustor. An expansion turbine for generating a power output; (e) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas from the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump; And driven means driven by an expansion turbine.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the mechanical system includes: (a) a high-pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle and pressurizing the electrolyte; and (b) communicating the electrolyte with the plasma arc in communication with the high-pressure pump. (C) a combustor for generating a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid by burning hydrogen oxygen; and (d) expanding the working fluid in communication with the combustor. An expansion turbine for generating a power output; (e) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas from the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump; (H) motor means driven by the electrical output of the generator; and (i) propulsion means driven by the motor means. It is.

[0015]

In the closed cycle hydrogen engine, the power generation method, the power generation system and the mechanical system driven by the same according to the present invention, the working fluid containing the electrolyzed water is brought into contact with the plasma arc in the plasma reactor to produce hydrogen oxygen and water vapor. A high-temperature combustion gas is generated by combusting this gas with a combustor, and water is injected into the high-temperature combustion gas to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid, thereby generating power by an expansion turbine and condensing turbine exhaust. Electrolyzed water is produced by the above method and circulated under pressure by a high-pressure pump to a plasma reactor and a combustor, thereby achieving compactness, high performance, high efficiency, and low cost.

[0016]

FIG. 1 illustrates a mechanical system 14 comprising a hybrid vehicle incorporating a next generation power system 12 employing a closed cycle hydrogen engine 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The hydrogen engine 10 includes a water / fuel conversion device including a plasma reactor 16, a combustor 18, a steam control valve 19, an expansion turbine 20, a closed cycle 26 including a condenser 22 and a high-pressure pump 24. The closed cycle 26 includes an electrolytic solution selected from the group consisting of distilled water, black ink, seawater, and a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution and composed of a single or mixed solution. Further, helium He, argon as an ionizing agent for promoting plasma are used. The closed cycle 26 is filled with an inert gas composed of one or a mixture selected from the group consisting of Ar and neon Ne. Among them, helium is desirable as an ionizing agent because of its high compressibility. The electrolyte contains a small amount of salt or NaOH, KOH
And the like, the efficiency of generating hydrogen oxygen is improved.

As described later, the plasma reactor 16
Plasma power supply 28 to 50 consisting of three-phase AC inverter
Three-phase AC power of ~ 200 volts and 50 to 400 Hz is supplied as plasma power. At this time, a large amount of small plasma arc of 1800 ° to 3000 ° C. is generated in the plasma reactor 16. The mixed medium 39 of the electrolyte and helium He is supplied to the plasma reactor 16 and the combustor 18 via the circulation paths 40 and 42, respectively.
In the plasma reactor 16, the electrolytic solution comes into contact with a large amount of a small plasma arc and is mostly converted into hydrogen oxygen, and the remainder not in contact with the small plasma arc is converted into water vapor, and the hydrogen oxygen is regenerated in the presence of the water vapor. Coupling is prevented.
Therefore, these mixed gases 17 are injected into the combustor 18 as fuel. A pressurized electrolytic solution 42 is injected into the combustor 18 and instantaneously evaporates upon contact with the high-temperature combustion gas to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid. This working fluid is supplied to the expansion turbine 20 via the steam control valve 19, and generates power on the output shaft 34. A rotation sensor 35 is connected to the output shaft 34, and a rotation signal is supplied to the control device 37. The control device 37 stores data corresponding to the reference rotation speed, compares the data with an output signal from the rotation sensor 35,
An output signal 37a is generated in response to the error signal, and the steam control valve 19 is controlled to control the supply amount of the working fluid to the expansion turbine 20, thereby controlling the expansion turbine 20 at a constant speed.

The hybrid moving body 14 includes a radiator 43 and a circulation pump 41 at the front, and the cooling water 22a is circulated into the condenser 22 to cool the turbine exhaust.
The high pressure pump 24 and the expansion turbine 20 are connected to the output shaft 34, and the generator GE is drive-connected.
The AC output of the GE is DC-converted by the adjuster 44 and a part of the battery is charged, and the remainder is AC-converted by the power converter 48 to drive the motor / generator 50 and drive the propulsion means 52 such as rear wheels. . The power converter 48 has both functions of a known inverter and a rectifying function.
Motor / generator 5 when braking hybrid vehicle 14
0, and converts the regenerative power of the AC
6 has the function of storing. At the time of heavy load such as climbing a hill, the output of the generator GE and the output of the battery 46 are simultaneously supplied to the motor / generator 50 to increase the driving force of the rear wheel 52. The front wheels 56 may be connected to the output shaft 34 via the drive shaft 54, and these may be directly driven.

FIGS. 2 to 5 show a specific structure of the closed cycle hydrogen engine 10, and the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as those in FIG. Hydrogen engine 10 has first to third zones 6
An engine housing 66 having 0, 62, 64 is provided. The engine housing 66 includes an outer cylinder 68 and an inner cylinder 70.
, A front end plate 72 and an insulating rear end plate 74. The first zone 60 houses the plasma reactor 16 and the combustor 18. The high pressure pump 24 is arranged in the second zone 62, and the expansion turbine 20 is arranged in the third zone 64. 2 and 3, an arcuate insulating casing 78 having an arcuate plasma reaction chamber 76 in the first zone 60.
And a high pressure fluid supply chamber 80 formed in the middle of these. The first zone 60 communicates with a high-pressure fluid supply path 82 formed between the outer cylinder 68 and the inner cylinder 70 so as to communicate with the high-pressure pump 24. On the other hand, the combustor 18 is formed between the outer cylinder 68 and the inner cylinder 70 adjacent to the high-pressure fluid supply passage 82 and communicates with a jet passage 84 for supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid to the expansion turbine 20.

In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the plasma reactor 16 includes a small plasma generating means 86 disposed in an arc-shaped plasma reaction chamber 76. The micro-plasma generating means 86 is three-phase AC plasma electrodes 88, 90, 92 connected to the plasma power supply 28 (see FIG. 1) at circumferentially spaced intervals in the center of the plasma reaction chamber 76.
An arc-shaped neutral electrode 94 fixed to the bottom of the plasma reaction chamber 76 and grounded via a terminal 93 to the neutral point of the plasma power supply 28 or grounded. The microplasma generating means 86 is further composed of a mixture of a solid electrode body 96 and an insulator 98, and the mixture is mixed with the plasma reaction chamber 76.
A number of gaps 100 are formed between the plasma electrodes 88, 90, 92 and the neutral electrode 94. In the examples, the mixture is shown as comprising a ball-shaped electrode body having a diameter of 3 to 20 mm and a ball-shaped insulator having the same diameter as these, and the mixing ratio is 1: 1.5 to 1.
A range of 5: 1 is selected. This mixing ratio has an effect of efficiently generating a small plasma arc in the many gaps 100. As a result, generation of localized plasma arcs in the plasma reaction chamber 76 is prevented, and abnormal wear of the electrodes is prevented. The plasma electrodes 88, 90, 92 and the neutral electrode 94 are selected from refractory metals such as thorium-containing tungsten, hafnium carbide, and hafnium nitride.
The above-mentioned clearance 100 also functions as a minute passage for passing a high-pressure mixed fluid of water and helium, and makes the mixed fluid efficiently come into contact with a large amount of plasma arc, thereby remarkably improving the decomposition efficiency of the electrolytic solution. Water vapor that does not come into contact with the plasma arc also exists in the plasma reaction chamber 76, and thus recombination of hydrogen and oxygen in the plasma reaction chamber 76 is prevented. The plasma reactor 16 includes a plurality of mixed fluid supply ports 102 formed in an insulating casing 78 to supply a mixed fluid so as to intersect the arcuate inner wall of the arcuate plasma reaction chamber 76, and a fuel injection port 104. Has a plurality of water injection ports 106 formed in the insulator 78. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustor 18 includes a spark plug 30 supported on an end plate 74. Hydrogen oxygen injected from the fuel injection port 104 by the combustor 18 is ignited by the ignition plug 30 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and water injected from the water injection port 106 is injected to evaporate instantaneously, thereby causing high-temperature high-pressure. Is supplied from the jet passage 84 to the expansion turbine 20.

2 and 4, the expansion turbine 20
Includes a stator 110 fixedly supported by press fitting or other appropriate means in the inner cylinder 70, and a turbine rotor 112 housed rotatably therein and connected to the output shaft 34. The stator 110 includes an annular stator ring 114 and an arc-shaped stator blade 1 extending radially inward from a central portion thereof.
16. On the other hand, the turbine rotor 112 is first,
Second flywheel rotor disks 118 and 120 are provided. As is apparent from FIG. 4, the stators 110 each have a jet nozzle 122 that communicates with the jet passage 84.
And an outlet 126 communicating with an exhaust chamber 124 formed between the outer cylinder 68 and the inner cylinder 70.
A partition member 128 extends radially inward from the stator ring 114 between the jet nozzle 122 and the outlet 126, and includes a jet stream guide surface 130 facing the jet nozzle 122 and the outlet 126, respectively, and an exhaust guide surface 132. .

2 and 4, the turbine rotor 1
12 has an annular jet passage 134 formed between the first and second rotor disks 118 and 120 and communicating with the jet nozzle 122 and the outlet 126, in which the arc-shaped stator blade 116 and the partition member 12 are provided.
8 are stored. As is apparent from FIG. 5, the stator blade 116 is adjacent to the jet nozzle 122 and deflects the jet stream S to the first and second rotor disks 118 and 120.
16a, a blade opening / closing section 116b for periodically interrupting the jet flow, and a plurality of auxiliary deflection guide sections 116c formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The auxiliary guide portion 116c includes first and second rotor disks 118 and 12
With respect to 0, the jet flow passing through the annular jet passage 134 is deflected in the rotational direction to the first and second rotor disks 118 and 120 to collide many times and improve the turbine efficiency. Main deflection guide 1
The stator blade 16a and the auxiliary change guide portion 116c may be formed on the independent pieces by dividing the stator blade 116 into a plurality of pieces. Blade opening / closing section 116
b instantaneously shuts off the jet passage periodically, stops the jet flow on the first and second rotor disks 118 and 120 to generate a force due to inertial force and reaction, and causes the rotor disks 118 and 120 to rotate. Then, when the blade opening / closing portion 116b suddenly releases the pressure, the jet flow is accompanied by inertia force from the auxiliary deflection guide portion 116c to the rotor disks 118 and 120 again. The purpose is to increase the output of the turbine 20 by giving a strong impulse.

In order to meet the above-mentioned purpose, the first and second rotor disks 118 and 120 are provided with flywheel disks 136 and 138 which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction, respectively.
Is provided. The flywheel disks 136 and 138 respectively have cylindrical bases 140 and 142 mounted on the output shaft 34.
, And the connection bolt 144 penetrates these. The bolt 144 extends between the flange 146 of the output shaft 34 and the holding flange 148 and
And the expansion turbine 20 are held at predetermined positions. FIG.
4 and 5, the flywheel disk 136,
138 are a plurality of axially extending turbine blades 15 each having a circumferentially spaced interval and extending in the axial direction.
0, 152, and arch-shaped pressure chambers 151, 153 formed therebetween. Turbine blade 150,
Each of the annular jet passages 1 and 2 has an arched blade surface and an arched back surface against which the jet stream collides.
Radial or valve surface 150 adjacent along 36
a, 152a. As described above, when the rotor disks 118 and 120 rotate, the turbine blade 15
When the valve surfaces 150a and 152a of the 0 and 152 periodically engage or overlap with each other, the jet flow is suddenly cut off, and the pressure of the jet flow in the pressure chambers 151 and 153 rises sharply and the flywheel disks 136 and 138 Stores rotational energy. When the valve surfaces 150a, 152a are opened from the blade opening / closing portion 116b, the high-pressure jet flow accumulated in the blades 150, 152 is released at a stretch and is guided by the auxiliary deflection guide 116c, so that the next stage blade 150 , 152. In this way, the jet stream is sequentially passed through the annular jet passage 134 while the turbine blades 150, 152
, And this rotational energy is stored on the flywheel disks 136, 138. Thus, the energy conversion efficiency of the jet stream is extremely high, and the turbine efficiency is significantly increased. In this way, the jet stream expands and is discharged from the outlet 126 to the exhaust chamber 124, and the expansion gas 36 is discharged from the exhaust port 160.
Is sent to the condenser 22 of FIG. 1 where it is cooled to produce a mixed fluid 38 of electrolyte and helium gas. The mixed fluid 38 is introduced into the high-pressure pump 24 through an introduction port 162 formed in the engine housing 66.

2, 4 and 6, the high-pressure pump 24 includes a stator 164 press-fitted concentrically with the stator 110 in the inner cylinder 70, and a pair of rotor disks 166 rotatably housed therein. Rotor 17 consisting of 168
0. Stator 164 is annular stator ring 1
72, and an arc-shaped stator blade 174 and a partition member 176 extending radially inward from a central portion thereof. The stator 164 includes a suction port 178 adjacent to the arch-shaped guide surface 176a of the partition member 176, and a discharge port 180 adjacent to the arch-shaped guide surface 176b. The discharge port 180 communicates with the aforementioned plasma reactor via the fluid supply chamber 80. 4 and 6, the stator blade 174 extends between the suction port 178 and the discharge port 180, and is adjacent to the suction port 178 to deflect the sucked mixed fluid toward the rotor disks 166 and 168. Guide part 174a, blade opening / closing part 174b
And a plurality of arch-shaped bypass passages 174c.
The rotor disks 166 and 168 are fixedly supported on the output shaft 34 by bolts 144 and have an annular groove 182 in which the stator blade 174 is housed. Rotor disks 166 and 168 are flywheel disks 184 and 186, respectively.
A plurality of axially extending arcuate rotor blades 184 formed circumferentially and spaced apart from each other
a, 186a and arched chambers 184b, 186b
And The concave portions of the rotor blades 184a and 186a face in the rotation direction. Rotor blade 184a,
The axial end of 186a extends radially along annular groove 182 and periodically engages or overlaps blade opening and closing portion 174b to prevent fluid from returning. When the rotor 170 rotates, the fluid at the suction port 178 is moved by the rotor blades 184a and 186a, and is moved from the main guide portion 174a to the downstream rotor blades 184a and 186a.
And is trapped by flowing into it. That is, the suction fluid is forcibly transferred to the adjacent arch-shaped chambers 184b, 186b by the interaction between the main guide portion 174a and the rotor blades 184a, 186a, and from there, the downstream arch through the bypass passage 174c. To the chamber. In this way, the fluid is continuously pumped at a high pressure to the outlet 180. The high-pressure pump 24 has a flywheel effect for storing the rotational energy of the expansion turbine 20 in addition to the pump function.

[0025]

As is clear from the above, according to the closed cycle hydrogen engine, the power generation method, the power generation system, and the mechanical system driven thereby, air pollution and global warming can be effectively prevented, In addition, it has a high contribution as a next-generation energy system that can solve the problem of petroleum resource depletion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a closed cycle hydrogen engine, power system and mechanical system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydrogen engine of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram between a stator and a turbine rotor of the expansion turbine of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a stator and a rotor of the high-pressure pump of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

10 closed cycle hydrogen engine, 12 power system, 14 mechanical system, 16 plasma reactor,
18 Combustor, 20 Expansion turbine, 22 Condenser, 24 High pressure pump, 26 Closed cycle, 2
8 plasma power supply, 30 spark plug, 43 radiator, 44 rectifier, 46 battery, 48 power converter, 50 motor generator, 52 rear wheel,
54 drive shaft, 56 front wheel

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F01D 9/02 F01K 15/02 B F01K 15/02 F02C 3/22 F02C 3/22 B60K 9/00 C

Claims (23)

[Claims] (A) an expansion turbine; (b) a high pressure pump for pressurizing the electrolyte; (c) a mixture of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor from the electrolyte in the presence of a plasma arc which is in communication with the high pressure pump. Water / fuel conversion means for generating gas; (d) a combustor for generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam by burning the mixed gas; (e) a jet nozzle for supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the expansion turbine as a jet stream; A closed cycle hydrogen engine comprising: a) a condenser for condensing the exhaust of the expansion turbine to produce an electrolyte; and, g) a recirculation circuit connected between the condenser and the high pressure pump. 2. The closed cycle hydrogen engine according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a single or mixed solution selected from the group consisting of fresh water, distilled water, ink, seawater, and low-concentration hydrogen peroxide. 3. The plasma reaction chamber according to claim 1, wherein the water / fuel conversion means communicates with the high-pressure pump, plasma electrode means disposed in the plasma reaction chamber to generate hydrogen oxygen from the electrolyte, and hydrogen oxygen Cycle hydrogen engine comprising a fuel injection nozzle for injecting fuel into a combustor. 4. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the expansion turbine comprises a flywheel turbine, and the flywheel turbine has a stator having an inlet communicating with the jet nozzle and an outlet communicating with the condenser, and is rotatably housed in the stator. A flywheel turbine rotor, a guide means for deflecting the jet flow by the stator, and a blade opening / closing means for periodically interrupting the jet flow to increase the pressure thereof. A closed cycle hydrogen engine comprising a turbine blade moving along stator guide means and blade opening and closing means. 5. The plasma electrode means according to claim 3, wherein the plasma electrode means comprises a mixture of a plasma electrode, a solid electrode body and a solid insulator filled in a plasma reaction chamber, and the mixture ratio is 1: 1. A closed cycle hydrogen engine defined in the range of 5 to 1.5: 1. 6. The closed cycle hydrogen engine according to claim 3, wherein the combustor includes a water injection valve communicating with the high pressure pump, and the high pressure pump includes flywheel means. 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising an engine housing, wherein the engine housing includes a high-pressure pump, an expansion turbine, a water / fuel converter, a combustor,
A closed cycle hydrogen engine with a built-in jet nozzle and recirculation system. (A) an engine housing; and (b) a plasma reactor arranged in the engine housing to generate a plasma arc and contacting the plasma arc with an electrolyte to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor. (C) a combustor disposed adjacent to the plasma reactor in the engine housing for burning hydrogen and oxygen to produce a high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid; and (d) disposed in the engine housing to pressurize the electrolyte under pressure. (E) an expansion turbine disposed within the engine housing to expand the working fluid; (f) a jet passage extending between the combustor and the expansion turbine; (g) an expansion turbine A condenser for condensing the exhaust of the exhaust gas to produce an electrolyte; and (h) a circulation path connecting the condenser and the high-pressure pump. Closed cycle hydrogen engine. 9. The closed cycle hydrogen engine according to claim 8, wherein the working fluid includes a mixture of steam and helium. 10. The plasma reactor according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the plasma reactor communicates with the high-pressure pump, and a microplasma generator arranged in the plasma reactor.
A closed cycle hydrogen engine comprising: a fuel injection nozzle for injecting a mixed gas into a combustor. 11. The engine of claim 8, wherein the expansion turbine comprises a flywheel turbine, the flywheel turbine comprising an inlet communicating with the jet passage and an outlet communicating with the condenser, and disposed within the engine housing. A stator, a flywheel turbine rotor rotatably housed in the stator, guide means for the stator to deflect the jet flow, and blade opening and closing for periodically interrupting the jet flow and increasing its pressure Means wherein the flywheel turbine rotor comprises turbine blades moving along stator guide means and blade opening and closing means. 12. The turbine rotor according to claim 11, wherein the turbine rotor includes an annular jet passage communicating with the inlet and the outlet, and the stator includes a guide means and a blade opening / closing means, and includes a stator blade disposed in the annular jet passage. A closed cycle hydrogen engine comprising a turbine rotor having turbine blades circumferentially spaced along an annular jet passage. 13. A step of: (a) pressurizing an electrolytic solution by a high-pressure pump in a closed cycle; and (b) contacting the pressurized electrolytic solution with a plasma arc to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor. (C) reacting hydrogen and oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; (d) expanding the working fluid with an expansion turbine to obtain a power output; and (e) condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine. And (f) circulating the electrolyte through a high-pressure pump. 14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: (i)
A power generation system, wherein the expansion turbine includes a flywheel turbine and includes a step of storing energy of a working fluid as rotational energy in the flywheel turbine. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
A power generation system comprising a step of connecting a generator to a flywheel turbine to convert rotational energy into electric energy. 16. A high pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle to pressurize the electrolyte; and (b) a mixture of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor communicated with the high pressure pump to bring the electrolyte into contact with the plasma arc. A plasma reactor for generating gas; (c) a combustor for burning hydrogen and oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; and (d) an expansion turbine communicating with the combustor for expanding the working fluid to generate a power output. A power generation system comprising: (e) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; and (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump. 17. The power generation system according to claim 16, wherein the expansion turbine comprises a flywheel turbine, and further comprising: (g) a generator driven by the flywheel turbine. 18. A high pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle to pressurize the electrolyte; and (b) a mixture of hydrogen oxygen and water vapor which is in communication with the high pressure pump to bring the electrolyte into contact with the plasma arc. A plasma reactor for generating gas; (c) a combustor for burning hydrogen and oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; and (d) an expansion turbine communicating with the combustor for expanding the working fluid to generate a power output. (E) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine to produce an electrolyte; (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump; and (g) a driven driven by the expansion turbine. Means. 19. The mechanical system according to claim 18, wherein the mechanical system comprises a moving body having a radiator, the driven means comprises propulsion means, and the condenser communicates with the radiator and is cooled by cooling water of the radiator. 20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising: (h) a generator driven by an expansion turbine;
(I) a mechanical system comprising: a plasma power supply connected to the generator to supply plasma power to the plasma reactor. 21. (a) a high-pressure pump arranged in a closed cycle for pressurizing the electrolyte; and (b) a mixture of hydrogen oxygen and steam by contacting the electrolyte with a plasma arc and communicating with the high-pressure pump. A plasma reactor for generating gas; (c) a combustor for burning hydrogen and oxygen to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; and (d) an expansion turbine communicating with the combustor for expanding the working fluid to generate a power output. (E) a condenser for condensing exhaust gas of the expansion turbine to generate an electrolyte; (f) a circulation system for circulating the electrolyte to a high-pressure pump; and (g) a generator driven by the expansion turbine. (H) motor means driven by the electrical output of the generator; and (i) propulsion means driven by the motor means. 22. The mechanical system according to claim 21, wherein the mechanical system comprises a moving body, the motor means comprises a motor / generator, and (j) a rectifier for converting an AC output of the generator into a DC output; and (k). A mechanical system comprising: a power converter connected between the rectifier and the motor means; and (l) a battery connected to the rectifier and the power converter to store brake regenerative power of the moving object. 23. The mechanical system according to claim 21, wherein the mechanical system comprises a moving body having a radiator, wherein the condenser communicates with the radiator, and cooling water of the radiator is circulated.