JP2001221060A - Water fuel engine, power generating method, power generating system and mechanical system to be driven by them - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water fuel engine capable of preventing air pollution and global warming, perfectly clean, of a small type, of long longevity and low in cost, a power generating method, a power generating system and a mechanical system to be driven by them. SOLUTION: A water fuel engine 10 is adopted as a power system 12 of a mechanical system 14, water supplying means 24, 26, 18 are provided on the engine 10, high pressure steam is generated under existence of a plasma arc from water supplying by a water/fuel conversion means 10, and consequently, an expansion turbine 22 is driven.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a hydrogen engine and a power generation system, and more particularly to a water fuel engine, a power generation method, a power generation system, and a mechanical system driven by the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, environmental destruction and health damage due to exhaust gas from stationary power generation plants, distributed gas turbine generators, and moving objects such as passenger cars, trucks, buses, agricultural machines, and construction machines have become serious. US Patent No. 5,177,95
No. 2 and 5,513,600 propose a water / fuel converter and a power generation system in which an electrolytic device is connected to a heat engine to produce fuel from water as an environmental measure. As is well known, a water electrolysis device is inefficient, and has a low generation rate of hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, the size and cost of the electrolysis device are increased, and practical application is difficult. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,690,902, a reactor bed is provided with a plurality of tubes filled with an iron catalyst, and a mixture of water and an aqueous alkaline solution is reacted with the iron catalyst to generate hydrogen. A power generation system that drives a heat engine has been proposed. In this system, the iron catalyst immediately becomes iron hydroxide and becomes passivated by the reaction with water, so that the water splitting reaction cannot be continued continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently polish the iron catalyst or to convert the iron catalyst in the reactor bed. However, an accessory device for the polishing is complicated and the cost is increased.

[0003]

In the above prior arts, the conversion efficiency from water to fuel is low, and the size of the apparatus is large, and it is difficult to put it to practical use.

The present invention solves the above problems,
Small, high performance, simple structure, easy to manufacture, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a next-generation water-fueled engine, a power generation method, a power generation system, and a mechanical system that can be practically used at low cost.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a water / fuel conversion system is described in which a water-fueled engine comprises: (a) a water supply means provided with a backflow prevention means; And (c) high-pressure steam generating means for reacting hydrogen and oxygen to generate high-pressure steam; and (d) power generating means driven by high-pressure steam.

In the second invention of the present application, the water-fueled engine is (a) an engine housing; (b) a water supply means for introducing water into the engine housing; and (c) a plasma arc is generated in the engine housing. A plasma reactor for generating hydrogen oxygen from feed water; and (d) a combustor disposed adjacent to the plasma reactor in the engine housing to burn the hydrogen oxygen to generate high-pressure steam; and (e) in the engine housing. And an expansion turbine disposed in communication with the combustor.

In the third invention of the present application, the power generation method includes:
(A) supplying water in one direction; (b) contacting the supplied water with a plasma arc to generate hydrogen oxygen in the presence of steam; and (c) reacting hydrogen oxygen to generate high-pressure steam. And (d) supplying high-pressure steam to the flywheel turbine to generate power, and accumulating the steam pressure energy as rotational energy in the flywheel turbine.

In the fourth invention of the present application, the power generation system includes (a) water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor that generates a plasma arc to generate hydrogen oxygen from the water supply; and (c) communicates with the plasma reactor to generate hydrogen. Combustor means for generating high-pressure steam by burning oxygen; and (d) a flywheel turbine communicating with the combustor and storing pressure energy as rotational energy.

In the fifth invention of the present application, the mechanical system includes (a) water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor that generates a plasma arc to generate hydrogen oxygen from the water supply; and (c) communicates with the plasma reactor. (D) a flywheel turbine communicating with the combustor and storing pressure energy as rotational energy; (e) driven means driven by the flywheel turbine; This is achieved by providing:

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the mechanical system includes: (a) a water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor that generates a plasma arc to generate hydrogen oxygen from the water supply; and (c) a hydrogen oxygen gas that communicates with the plasma reactor. And (d) a flywheel turbine that communicates with the combustor to store pressure energy as rotational energy.

[0011]

In the water fuel engine, the power generation method, the power generation system, and the mechanical system driven by the present invention, water and water are supplied in one direction and brought into contact with a plasma arc to generate hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is burned to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the power generating means is driven to generate power.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mechanical system 14 including a moving body incorporating a power system 12 using a water fuel engine 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The water fuel engine 10 is driven by a backflow prevention means 18 comprising a one-way valve for introducing the feed water 16, a water / fuel converter 20 for generating high-pressure steam 19, a steam control valve 21, and high-pressure steam 19. Expansion turbine 2
2 power generation means. The power generating means may be constituted by a reciprocating engine, a Wankel engine or other known rotary engines in addition to the expansion turbine 22, but in the present embodiment, the description will be made assuming that the present invention is applied to the expansion turbine 22. The one-way valve 18 has a water tank 2
4 is supplied via a water supply pump 26. Water supply is 1
For example, at least one selected from the group consisting of groundwater, drinking water, industrial water, rainwater, lake water, fresh water such as river water, distilled water, ink, seawater, low-concentration hydrogen peroxide water, or a mixture thereof, or steam thereof. Consists of A small amount of salt or an alkaline solution such as NaOH or KOH may be added to the feed water as an electrolyte. In this case, the water / fuel converter 2
The electrolysis of the water supply by zero is enhanced, the steam pressure used as power gas increases, and the engine output is powered up. A generator 30 is connected to an output shaft 23 of the expansion turbine 22 to generate an AC output. The AC output is DC-converted by the rectifier 32 and a part of the AC output is charged to the battery 34, and the remainder is AC-converted by the power converter 36 including an inverter / converter and the like, and the motor / generator 3
From 8, the front wheels 40 are driven as propulsion means as driven means. The power converter 36 converts the brake regenerative electric power generated by the motor / generator 38 at the time of deceleration of the moving body 14 into DC and charges the battery 34. A plasma power supply 42 is connected to the battery 34. The plasma power supply 42 includes a known booster circuit including a capacitor and a switching circuit, and a known inverter, and supplies a three-phase AC output 44 having an output voltage of 50 to 200 V and an output frequency of 50 to 400 Hz to the water / fuel converter 20. A temperature sensor 46, a pressure sensor 48, and a rotation sensor 50 are attached to the expansion turbine 22, and output signals of these sensors are supplied to a control device 52. The control device 52 includes a known microcomputer, compares these output signals with a reference signal stored in the microcomputer, and outputs a control signal, whereby at least the feed pump 26 and the steam control valve 21 are controlled. The output speed of the expansion turbine 22 is controlled at a constant speed by controlling one of them. The output shaft 23 of the expansion turbine 22 is connected to a propulsion unit 5 including a rear wheel 58 as a driven unit via a differential gear 56 or a speed change unit (not shown).
8 is driven. The mechanical system 14 is illustrated in FIG. 1 by way of example as a land vehicle such as a car, truck, bus, special vehicle, etc., but is not limited thereto, agricultural and construction machinery, ships, aircraft, space probes, deep sea probes. Machine,
It includes not only moving objects such as underground probes, but also other stationary mechanical systems, for example, power generation plants and fluid machines such as fans, pumps, and compressors.

FIGS. 2 to 5 show a specific structure of the water fuel engine 10 and are partially modified. That is, a double shaft structure is employed for driving a contra-rotating propeller of an aircraft or a ship. 2 to 4, the engine 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes an outer cylinder 60, an inner cylinder 61, and an end plate 6 fixedly supported at both ends thereof by fixing means such as screws or bolts.
An engine housing 66 composed of 2, 64 is provided. The engine housing 66 has first and second zones 68 and 70. The water / fuel converter 20 and the flywheel turbine 7 are provided in the first and second zones 68 and 70, respectively.
2 and an exhaust ring 74 for exhaust heat recovery. The water / fuel converter 20 includes an insulating member 76 such as a ceramic housed in the first zone 68. The insulating member 76 is held at a fixed position by an end plate 64 made of an insulating material such as a ceramic, and includes a plasma reactor 78 and a circular water supply chamber 80. An arch-shaped combustor 81 is formed between the insulating member 76 and the first zone 68 of the end plate 64. The plasma reactor 78 includes an arc-shaped plasma reaction chamber 82, three-phase alternating-current plasma electrodes 84, 86, 88 arranged at equal intervals, and a plasma reaction chamber 82.
And a mixture of a solid or ball-shaped electrode body 90 and a solid or ball-shaped insulator 92 filled therein. Plasma electrodes 84, 86 as microplasma generating means;
88 and the ball-shaped electrode body 90 are desirably made of a high melting point metal material such as thorium-containing tungsten, hafnium carbide, and hafnium nitride. The mixing ratio between the electrode body 90 and the insulator 92 is set in the range of 1: 1.5 to 1.5: 1. This mixing ratio is for uniformly generating a large amount of small plasma arcs in the many gaps 94 in the plasma reaction chamber 82 when the plasma electrodes 84, 86, 88 are energized. Thus, the gap 94 between the electrode body 90 and the insulator 92 functions as a minute plasma generation space and a minute passage for passing water. The plasma reactor 78 further includes an arcuate neutral electrode 102 housed at the bottom of the plasma reaction chamber 82 at a distance from the ends of the plasma electrodes 84, 86, 88. The plasma electrodes 84 and 88 are connected to the plasma power supply 42 (see FIG. 1) via terminals 84a and 88a, and the neutral electrode 1
02 is a three-phase AC plasma power source 42 via a terminal 102a.
To a neutral point (not shown).

2 and 3, the end plate 6
4 has an inlet member 104 for introducing the water supply 16. The inlet member 104 includes a cylindrical portion 106 fixedly supported by the end plate 64 and arranged in the water supply chamber 80. The cylindrical portion 106 includes a cone-shaped valve seat 108 and a plurality of openings 110, and a cylindrical movable valve 112 is movably supported by a cylindrical slide 114 inside thereof. A spring 116 is disposed inside the movable valve 112, and the movable valve 112 is pressed against the valve seat 108 by the spring 116.
The movable valve 112 has a plurality of openings 118 communicating with the plasma reaction chamber 82. Spring pressure of spring 116 is inlet 1
When the water supply 16 is supplied under pressure from the spring 04, the spring 11
The movable valve 112 is pushed down against the spring pressure of
The supply water 16 is supplied into the plasma reaction chamber 82 from 6, 98, and when the pressure in the plasma reaction chamber 82 reaches a certain value, the movable valve 112 is set to a value for operating the closed position. The insulator 76 includes a plurality of gas injection ports 100 and water injection nozzles 10.
1, which are open to the combustor 81.
As shown in FIG. 2, the combustor 81 includes a spark plug 120.
The water injected into the combustor 81 having the above is mixed with the high-temperature combustion gas of hydrogen oxygen and evaporated to generate extremely high-pressure steam. This high-pressure steam is supplied to the flywheel turbine 72 via the jet nozzle 122 as a jet stream.
Supplied to

2 and 4, the flywheel turbine 72 includes first and second turbines 130 and 132 disposed in the inner cylinder 61. First and second turbines 13
Reference numerals 0 and 132 denote stators 134 and 136 fixedly supported in the inner cylinder 61 and flywheels 138 and 1 rotatably stored in the stators 134 and 136, respectively.
40. The flywheels 138, 140 respectively have first and second turbine rotors 142, 144;
6, 148. First and second turbine rotors 14
2 and 144 are supported by the first output shaft 150 and are fixed by the flange 152 and the bolt 154. Similarly, the first and second turbine rotors 146 and 148 are connected to the second output shaft 1.
56, and is fixed by a flange 158 and a bolt 160. The bearing 162 is provided in the second output shaft 156.
Are arranged, whereby the first output shaft 150 is rotatably supported. As shown in FIG. 4, the stator 134 includes a jet nozzle 164 that communicates with the jet passage 122 and an outlet 166 that opens to the annular exhaust passage 74. The stator 134 is a partition member 1 extending radially inward.
68, which are exposed at the inlet 164 and allow a jet stream to flow in the counterclockwise direction CCW in FIG.
And a second arch-shaped guide surface 168b for discharging the expanded steam of the exhaust gas into the exhaust path 74. Similarly, stator 1
36 is a jet nozzle 1 communicating with the jet passage 122
70 and an outlet 172. Stator 13
6 includes a first arch-shaped guide surface 174 that allows steam to flow in the clockwise direction CW, and a second arch-shaped guide surface 176 that is exposed to the outlet 172. The exhaust path 74 is the inner cylinder 61
The expanded steam is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 178 while collecting the exhaust heat.

2, 4 and 5, the flywheel 138 is provided with an annular jet passage 180 communicating with the jet nozzle 164 and the outlet 166, and with a circumferential interval adjacent to both sides of the annular jet passage 180. The plurality of cross-section arched turbine blades 142a, 144a and the plurality of pressure chambers 142c, 14
Flywheel rims 142b, 144b with 4c
Is provided. The stator 134 periodically forms a main guide 182a for dividing the high-speed jet flow deflected by the first guide surface 168 of the partition member 168 into two directions and guiding the jet flow into the pressure chambers 142c and 144c, and the annular jet passage 180. A turbine having a plurality of blade opening / closing units for shutting off and periodically increasing the pressure in the pressure chambers 142c and 144c to rotate the flywheel turbine 130 in the direction of arrow B at low speed and high torque, that is, a turbine having a torque amplification valve 182c. A blade 182 is provided. Turbine blade 142a,
When the opening between the 144a and the turbine blade 182 is instantaneously partitioned by the torque amplifying valve 182c, the jet stream crashes and stops on the turbine blades 142a and 144a, generating a force due to inertial force and reaction, and the pressure in the blade increases. In addition to amplifying the torque, when the valve 182c is opened, the jet stream gushes out of the valve 182c with inertia to give a strong impulse to the blade. An auxiliary guide 182c is provided between the two torque amplifying valves 182c to guide the jet flow ejected from one turbine blade when the torque amplifying valve 182c is opened to collide with the preceding turbine blade. Main guide 1
82a and the auxiliary guide 182d may be divided and arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Turbine blades 142a, 14
4a includes guide surfaces 142a 'and 144a' for generating a vortex to prevent cavitation. In FIG. 2, second turbine 132 has the same structure as first turbine 130 and stator blade 190
136 having a turbine blade 146
a, 148 a, and the stator 136 of the second turbine 132 and the turbine rotors 146, 148 are assembled in opposite directions to the first turbine 130.

In the above configuration, when the water supply 16 is supplied to the inlet 104 under pressure, the water supply presses the movable valve 112 against the pressure of the spring 116 to flow into the water supply chamber 68, and then the water supply port Plasma reaction chamber 8 from 96, 98
2 flows into. At this time, the plasma electrodes 84, 86,
Since three-phase AC power is supplied to 88, a large amount of microplasma is generated in many gaps 94 between the figure-shaped electrode body 90 and the solid insulator 92. At this time, since the temperature of the electrode body 90 and the insulator 92 is also high, the water supply causes a steam explosion when it comes into contact with these members. Therefore, the steam flows into the gap 94 at a high speed and contacts the plasma arc to be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. The plasma arc is generated by the plasma electrodes 84, 86, 8 by three-phase AC power.
8, a large amount of ionized gas is supplied in the gap 94, and thus a large amount of plasma arc is introduced into the plasma reaction chamber 82. appear. Therefore, the plasma reaction chamber 8
The plasma arc is not interrupted even if the flow rate and flow rate of the feedwater flowing into the fuel cell 2 are increased, and stable thermal decomposition and electrolytic action can be obtained. Note that undecomposed vapor is present in the plasma reaction chamber 82, thereby suppressing recombination of hydrogen and oxygen. The vapor is in the arc-shaped plasma reaction chamber 8
While passing through the inside 2, the pressure and the passing speed increase, and the gas is ejected from the mixed gas ejection port 100 into the combustor 81. The mixed gas G containing water vapor is ignited by the ignition plug 120, and hydrogen oxygen is explosively burned to generate a high-temperature high-pressure combustion gas of about 3000 ° C. At this time, the water injection nozzle 10
Since the feed water is injected into the combustor 81 from 1, the water comes into contact with the high-temperature combustion gas and evaporates explosively, and 300 to 7
Generates high-pressure steam of about 1500 ° C to 1800 ° C at 00 atm. When the pressure of the combustor 81 reaches a certain value, the pressure flows into the movable valve 112 and presses it against the valve seat 108 to close the one-way valve 18. For this reason, the high-pressure steam flows from the jet passage 122 of the outer cylinder 60 to the first and second
It flows into the inlets 164, 172 of the turbines 130, 132 to drive the first and second turbines 130, 132 counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively. In this way, the high-pressure steam is converted into a high-speed jet stream, and the flywheel 1
Since 38 stores pressure energy as rotational energy, smooth rotation can be obtained even when the load of the mechanical system fluctuates.

FIG. 6 shows a mechanical system according to a modified example of FIG. 1, and the same parts as those of FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
6, a pressurizing pump 200 is connected to the expansion turbine 22. The pressurizing pump 200 continuously supplies water from the water supply tank 24 to the water / fuel converter 20 under pressure through the flow control valve 28. Supply. In the modification of FIG. 6, the backflow prevention means of FIG. 1 is shown as being deleted, but this component may be incorporated in the system.
In the mechanical system of FIG. 6, since water is continuously supplied to the water / fuel converter 20 under pressure, the water / fuel converter 20 continuously converts water into fuel and burns it. High-pressure steam is generated, which continuously drives the expansion turbine 22.

[0019]

As is clear from the above, according to the water fuel engine, the power generation method, the power generation system and the mechanical system driven by the water fuel engine of the present invention, a completely clean next-generation energy system is constructed, Air pollution and global warming are effectively prevented. Moreover, by introducing micro gas turbine generators and fluid machinery equipped with new energy, automobiles, trucks, buses, aircraft, and ships to the market, it is possible to provide a pollution-free mechanical system, and the economy will be significantly activated. , Great contribution. In addition, the adoption of a flywheel drive system using the present invention in helicopters and airplanes enables continuous operation of the propeller due to the long rotation of the flywheel turbine even when the engine is stopped, enabling soft landing of aircraft. As a result, the safety of the aircraft can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mechanical system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the water fuel engine of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a stator and a turbine rotor of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the mechanical system of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 water fuel engine, 12 power system, 14
Mechanical system, 18 one-way valve, 20 water / fuel converter, 22 expansion turbine, 23 output shaft, 24
Water tank, 26 water pump, 30 generator,
32 rectifier, 34 battery, 36 power converter, 38 motor / generator, 40 front wheel, 42
Plasma power supply, 56 differential, 58 rear wheel

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) // B01J 19/08 B01J 19/08 KB60K 6/02 B60K 9/00 E

Claims (24)

[Claims] (A) water supply means provided with backflow prevention means; (b) water / fuel conversion means for generating hydrogen oxygen from feed water in the presence of a plasma arc; (c) reacting hydrogen oxygen A water fuel engine comprising: high-pressure steam generating means for generating high-pressure steam; and (d) power generating means driven by high-pressure steam. 2. The water-fueled engine according to claim 1, wherein the backflow prevention means includes at least one of a check valve and a pressurizing pump. 3. The water-fueled engine according to claim 1, wherein the water supply comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of freshwater, seawater, and low-concentration hydrogen peroxide or steam thereof. 4. The water-fueled engine according to claim 1, wherein the power generation means includes a flywheel turbine. 5. A plurality of flywheel turbines according to claim 4, wherein the flywheel turbine includes a stator means, and a flywheel turbine rotor rotatably housed in the stator means, wherein the turbine rotor is periodically sealed by the stator means. A water fuel engine comprising a turbine blade and a pressure chamber formed between the turbine blades. 6. A water fuel engine according to claim 1, further comprising: a plasma reaction chamber in which the water / fuel conversion means communicates with the water supply means; and a microplasma generating means for generating a large amount of microplasma arcs in the plasma reaction chamber. . 7. The micro plasma generating means according to claim 6, comprising a multi-phase AC plasma electrode, a mixture of a solid electrode body and a solid insulator filled in a plasma reaction chamber, and the mixing ratio thereof is 1: A water-fueled engine defined in the range 1.5-1.5: 1. 8. The water fuel engine according to claim 7, wherein the microplasma generating means further comprises a neutral electrode spaced from the multiphase AC electrode. 9. The water fuel engine according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure steam generating means includes a combustor communicating with the water / fuel conversion means, and the combustor includes a water injection means. 10. The water-fueled engine according to claim 1, further comprising an engine housing, wherein the engine housing contains water supply means, water / fuel conversion means, steam generation means, and power generation means. (A) an engine housing; (b) a water supply means for introducing water supply into the engine housing; (c) a plasma arc generated in the engine housing to generate hydrogen oxygen from the water supply. (D) a combustor disposed adjacent to the plasma reactor in the engine housing to burn hydrogen and oxygen to generate high-pressure steam; and (e) disposed in the engine housing and communicating with the combustor. A water-fueled engine comprising: 12. The turbine of claim 11, wherein the expansion turbine comprises first and second turbines communicating with the combustor and rotating in opposite directions, the output shaft of the first turbine extending into the output shaft of the second turbine. Water fuel engine. 13. The water-fueled engine according to claim 11, further comprising a backflow prevention unit disposed in the engine housing and supplying water to the plasma reactor intermittently. 14. The water-fueled engine according to claim 11, further comprising a pressurizing pump driven by an expansion turbine to supply water under pressure to the plasma reactor. 15. The expansion turbine according to claim 11, wherein the expansion turbine is a flywheel turbine, and the flywheel turbine communicates with the inlet, the annular jet passage communicating with the inlet, and the annular jet passage on the downstream side of the inlet. A water-fueled engine comprising: a stator having an outlet that rotates; and a flywheel rotatably housed in the stator and having a plurality of turbine blades that periodically pass through the inlet and the outlet. 16. (a) a step of supplying water in one direction; (b) a step of generating hydrogen oxygen in the presence of steam by bringing the water into contact with a plasma arc; and (c) reacting hydrogen oxygen to obtain a high pressure. (D) supplying high-pressure steam to the flywheel turbine to generate power, and storing the steam pressure energy as rotational energy in the flywheel turbine. 17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising: (e)
Driving a generator by a flywheel turbine to generate power. (A) a water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor for generating hydrogen oxygen from water supply by generating a plasma arc; (c) high-pressure steam by communicating with the plasma reactor and burning hydrogen oxygen And (d) a flywheel turbine that communicates with the combustor and stores pressure energy as rotational energy. 19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising: (e)
A power generation system comprising: a generator driven by a flywheel turbine. 20. (a) a water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor for generating hydrogen oxygen from a water supply by generating a plasma arc; (c) high-pressure steam by communicating with the plasma reactor and burning hydrogen oxygen A mechanical system comprising: (d) a flywheel turbine that communicates with the combustor and stores pressure energy as rotational energy; and (e) driven means that is driven by the flywheel turbine. 21. The mechanical system according to claim 20, wherein the mechanical system comprises a moving body, and the driven means comprises a propulsion means. 22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising:
A mechanical system including a generator driven by a flywheel turbine to generate an electric output, and a plasma power supply that converts the electric output and supplies plasma power to a plasma reactor. 23. (a) water supply means; (b) a plasma reactor for generating hydrogen oxygen from water supply by generating a plasma arc; (c) high-pressure steam by communicating with the plasma reactor and burning hydrogen oxygen (D) a flywheel turbine communicating with the combustor and storing pressure energy as rotational energy; (e) a generator driven by the flywheel turbine; (f) connected to the generator (G) driven means connected by the motor means. 24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the mechanical system comprises a moving body, the driven means comprises a propulsion means, the motor means comprises a motor / generator, and further generated by the motor / generator when the moving body decelerates. A mechanical system comprising battery means for storing regenerative power.