JP2000510271A - Transmission module for transponder device, transponder device, and method of operating transponder device - Google Patents
Transmission module for transponder device, transponder device, and method of operating transponder deviceInfo
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- JP2000510271A JP2000510271A JP10531488A JP53148898A JP2000510271A JP 2000510271 A JP2000510271 A JP 2000510271A JP 10531488 A JP10531488 A JP 10531488A JP 53148898 A JP53148898 A JP 53148898A JP 2000510271 A JP2000510271 A JP 2000510271A
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- Prior art keywords
- coil
- transponder
- coupling
- transmission module
- chip
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/0775—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna
- G06K19/07756—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna the connection being non-galvanic, e.g. capacitive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】 結合エレメント(19)と電気的に互いに接続された少なくとも1つのアンテナコイル(20)とを備えたコイル配置を有し、チップ(15)と読取り装置(12)との問で非接触データ伝送を行う伝送モジュール(14)であって、結合エレメントは、チップに電気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイル(18)との誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし、アンテナコイルは、読取り装置と接続を生ずる役目を果たし、結合コイル(19)として設計された結合エレメントとアンテナコイル(20)は、コイルインピーダンスに影響を与えるコイルパラメータに関して異なる設計を有する伝送モジュール。 (57) Abstract: A coil arrangement comprising a coupling element (19) and at least one antenna coil (20) electrically connected to one another, wherein the question of the chip (15) and of the reader (12). A transmission module (14) for performing non-contact data transmission, wherein the coupling element serves to create an inductive coupling with a transponder coil (18) electrically connected to the chip, and the antenna coil comprises a reader and A transmission module having an antenna coil (20) and a coupling element, which serves to make the connection and is designed as a coupling coil (19), have different designs with respect to the coil parameters affecting the coil impedance.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 トランスポンダー装置用伝送モジュール及びトランスポンダー装置並びに トランスポンダー装置を作動させる方法 本発明は、請求項1又は請求項2による、チップと読取り装置との間で非接触 データ伝送を行う伝送モジュールに関し、同様に、請求項11、請求項12、又 は請求項13による、トランスポンダーユニットと伝送モジュールを有するトラ ンスポンダー装置、並びに請求項16又は請求項17による、トランスポンダー ユニットと伝送モジュールを有するトランスポンダー装置を作動する方法に関す る。 トランスポンダーユニットは、最も単純な形態では、チップとチップの端末面 と接触しているトランスポンダーコイルとを有し、全く異なる分野で広範囲に使 用されてきているが、それらは常に、トランスポンダーユニットから幾分遠く離 れて配置された読取り装置とチップとの間の非接触、即ち電線のない通信を確実 に行う役目を果たし、チップに蓄えられたデータを検出ためにデータ回収を可能 にする。かかるトランスポンダーユニットは、例えばいわゆる非接触チップカー ドに使用され、コード化されたラベル、又は屠殺用動物を認識するためにさえ使 用され、この場合所謂インジェクショントランスポンダーとして使用される。 トランスポンダーユニットを異なる分野に適用することは、夫々のトランスポ ンダーユニットとこれに関連した読取り装置との間で極端に互いに異なる伝送距 離を幾つかの場合において生じ、よってこれらの距離はトランスポンダーユニッ トの異なる作動電圧やそれに含まれたチップの異なる作動電圧を必要とする。加 えて、個々の場合においてトランスポンダーユニットの読取り装置への配置を整 合させることが今まで必要とされ、概してトランスポンダーユニットと読取り装 置との間のインピーダンス整合を必要とする。上述から2つの読取りパラメータ 、作動電圧及びインピーダンスに基づいてですら、伝送距離及びそれと関連した 読取り装置の種類を要素として夫々のトランスポンダーユニ ットの信頼性のある作動を確保するために、多数の異なって配置されたトランス ポンダーユニットがもっぱら必要であることが明らかになる。それゆえ、これら の要求は、トランスポンダーユニットの配置において、トランスポンダーユニッ トの本質的により廉価な生産を可能にするであろう基本的に望ましい標準化に対 して障害となる。 それゆえ本発明の目的は、個々の場合において直面した伝送距離又は読取り装 置の夫々のタイプに係わらず、標準化されたトランスポンダーユニットの設計を 可能にすることである。 この目的は、請求項1又は請求項2の特徴を有する伝送モジュールによって達 成される。 本発明によると、チップと読取り装置との間の非接触データ伝送用伝送モジュ ールが提供され、伝送モジュールは、結合エレメントと電気的に互いに接続され た少なくとも1つのアンテナコイルとを有するコイル配置を備え、結合エレメン トはチップに電気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイルとの誘導結合を生ずる 役目を果たし、アンテナコイルは、読取り装置との非接触の接続を生ずる役目を 果たす。この配置では、結合コイルとして設計された結合エレメントとアンテナ コイルは、コイルインピーダンスに影響を与える少なくとも1つのコイルパラメ ータに関して異なる設計を有している。 この方法で構成され且つ誘導結合によってトランスポンダーユニットと結合で きる伝送モジュールにより、読取り装置とトランスポンダーユニットとの間のイ ンピーダンス整合を結果的に可能にする。それは、標準化されたトランスポンダ ーユニットから始まり、結合コイルがそのインピーダンスに関してトランスポン ダーユニットのインピーダンスと本質的に同一であり、結合コイルに電気的に接 続されたアンテナコイルがそのインピーダンスに関して読取り装置のインピーダ ンスと整合している点で、トランスポンダーユニットのインピーダンスと異なる 読取り装置のインピーダンスに整合させることができることを意味する。その結 果、結合コイルのコイルパラメータとアンテナコイルのコイルパラメータを適当 に設計することで、全く同一のトランスポンダーユニットをインピーダンスに関 して互いに異なる読取り装置と結合することが可能であ る。例えば、コイルのワイヤ横断面、夫々のコイルに関連したコイルの長さ、又 はコイルワイヤを生産するのに使用される材料でさえ、結合コイルとして結合エ レメントを設計するに当たって夫々のコイルのインピーダンスに影響を与えるコ イルパラメータとして利用できる。 本発明によると、異なる伝送距離に関して個々の場合の特別な条件にトランス ポンダーユニットを整合させる更なる可能性は、請求項2による伝送モジュール を提供することであり、当該伝送モジュールは、結合エレメント及び少なくとも 1つのアンテナコイルを有するコイル配置を備え、チップと読取り装置との間で 非接触データ伝送を行う伝送モジュールであって、結合エレメントがチップに電 気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイルとの誘導結合を生じ、アンテナコイル が読取り装置との非接触の接続を生ずる役目を果たし、結合コイルとして設計さ れたコンタクトエレメントは、結合コイルが、関連したトランスポンダーコイル と共に形成される変圧器の1次コイルとしての役目を果たし、トランスポンダー ユニットのチップに高くなった作動電圧を生ずる。 本発明によるこの達成の場合において、結合コイルとトランスポンダーコイル とからトランスポンダーユニットの作動電圧を高めることのできる変圧器を形成 するために、結合コイルとトランスポンダーコイルとの間の誘導結合を結果的に 利用する。その結果、標準化した配置を備えたトランスポンダーユニットから始 まって、結合コイルとトランスポンダーコイルとの間の巻回数の適当な比が夫々 の伝送距離を超えるのに必要な変圧比を決定する方法で対応して異なって配置さ れた伝送モジュールを使用する事実の結果、異なる伝送距離に及ぶことが可能に なる。 巻回数/変圧比の適当な仕様によってトランスポンダーユニットの高まった作 動電圧を達成する上述の可能性に加えて、適当な増幅装置によって結合コイルの 磁界をかなり全体的に増幅する可能性も又、存在し、それと関連したトランスポ ンダーユニットにおいて対応して増大した誘導と電圧上昇を達成する。かかる増 幅装置は、結合コイルに印加される電圧を発生させ、上昇した電圧源、即ち、例 えば、伝送モジュールに配置され且つ結合コイルと接触したバッテリによって形 成される。これによって、それ自体電圧供給源を有した能動的な伝 送モジュールを形成することを可能にする。 増幅効果を達成するための更なる可能性は、特にフェライト等の透磁性材料で できたコアを備えた結合コイルを提供することであり、当該コアは結合コイルの 磁界強さを増大させる。その結果、上述した増幅装置は又、変圧器を形成するた めに結合コイルとトランスポンダーコイルの利用を達成するのとは無関係に達成 される。 軸線方向に整合された磁界を形成するためにコアとして透磁材ロッドを使用す る伝送モジュールの特別な具体例において、アンテナコイルは結合コイルとして の役割を同時に果たす。 コイル配置を伝送モジュールとして使用し且つコイル配置をトランスポンダー ユニット又はトランスポンダーユニットの基板に簡単に適用するのを可能にする ために、キャリアフィルムにコイル配置がなされる。用語「キャリアフィルム」 はこの場合、キャリアフィルムに適した材料選択に関して限定的に理解されるべ きでなく、即ち、ここで使用されるように用語「キャリアフィルム」の意味の広 く行き渡った理解と照らし合わせて、この用語はプラスチック材料だけでなく例 えばセルロースや紙等の天然の材料も含む。ここで、用語「キャリアフィルム」 は、キャリアフィルムとして形成された基板がその面積寸法によって本質的に決 定され且つ面積寸法と比較して無視できる側方の厚さを有する事実を表現するの をもっぱら意図する。 幾つかの適用事例のために、例えばかかる伝送モジュールを備えたチップカー ドを生産するために、カードインレイとして全体でコイル配置を設計するのが有 利である。 もしコイル配置がコード化されたラベル等に使用されるべき場合、コイル配置 が接着性基板の上に形成されると有利であることが分かる。 請求項11によると、本発明によるトランスポンダー装置は、トランスポンダ ーユニットと伝送モジュールを備え、トランスポンダーユニットはチップとチッ プに電気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイルを有し、伝送モジュールはアン テナコイルを有する結合エレメントを備え、結合エレメントはトランスポンダー コイルとの誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし、アンテナコイルは結合エ レメントと電気的に接続され且つ読取り装置との非接触の接続を生ずる役目を果 たし、トランスポンダーユニットと読取り装置との間の整合を可能にし、結合コ イルとして設計された結合エレメント及びアンテナコイルは、コイルインピーダ ンスに影響を与えるパラメータの少なくとも1つに関して異なる設計を有してい る。伝送モジュールを備えたかかるトランスポンダー装置の利点は既に最初に詳 細に説明してある。 その上、本発明によると、トランスポンダーユニットと伝送モジュールを有す るトランスポンダー装置は、請求項12によって提案され、トランスポンダーユ ニットは、チップとチップに電気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイルを有し 、伝送モジュールは、アンテナコイルを有する結合エレメントを備え、結合エレ メントはトランスポンダーコイルとの誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし、アンテナ コイルは、結合エレメントに電気的に接続され、読取り装置との非接触の接続を 生ずる役目を果たし、結合エレメントは結合コイルとして設計され、結合コイル が変圧器の1次コイルを形成し、トランスポンダーコイルが変圧器の2次コイル を形成するように、トランスポンダーコイルよりも比較的低い巻回数を有する。 伝送モジュールを備え、それによってこれに関連してトランスポンダーユニッ トの作動電圧を可能な限り高めるかかるトランスポンダー装置の利点は既に最初 に詳細に説明してある。 本発明による更なるトランスポンダー装置は、トランスポンダーユニットと伝 送モジュールを備えた請求項13によって提供され、トランスポンダーユニット はチップとチップに電気的に接続されたトランスポンダーコイルを有し、伝送モ ジュールは、アンテナコイルを有する結合エレメントを備え、結合エレメントは トランスポンダーコイルとの誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし、アンテナコイルは 、結合エレメントに電気的に接続され、読取り装置との非接触の接続を生ずる役 目を果たし、結合エレメントは、特にフェライトコア等の透磁性材料のロッドか ら形成され、結合エレメントの端面は結合面としての役割を果たし、アンテナコ イルは材料ロッドの周囲に配置される。 この方法で設計されたトランスポンダー装置では、透磁性材料のロッドによ って発生され、強烈に収束され軸線方向に整合した磁界のために、特に効力があ り結果的に低損失の誘導結合がトランスポンダーユニットのトランスポンダーコ イルとアンテナコイルとの間で可能となり、その結果、上述したインピーダンス 整合やトランスポンダーユニットの作動電圧を段階的に高める変圧が可能である ことに関係なく、トランスポンダー装置のこの構成は、単に材料ロッドを介して 特別に低損失の結合をなすので、トランスポンダーユニットの作動電圧を高める ことを既に可能にする。 材料ロッドを介してアンテナコイルとトランスポンダーコイルとの間で特別に 低損失の誘導結合をなすため、トランスポンダー装置の上述した構成は、チップ の表面に配置されたチップコイルとして設計されたトランスポンダーコイルを使 用できることが特に有利であることが分かる。かかるチップコイルは、用語「コ イルオンチップ」によって同様に知られている。 この点について、トランスポンダー装置の特別な具体例では、チップがその後 側を透磁性材料ロッドの端面に当接させた状態で配置され、後側と反対側のチッ プの接触側に配置されたチップコイルは、そのコイル表面を材料ロッドの端面と 本質的に一致させた状態で配置されている。この結果、例えばインジェクション トランスポンダーの中に使用されるような極端に小型化したトランスポンダー装 置を生ずる。 チップとトランスポンダーコイルを備えたトランスポンダーユニットを有し且 つ結合コイルと結合コイルに電気的に接続されたアンテナコイルを備えた伝送モ ジュールを有するトランスポンダー装置を作動させる本発明による方法では、ト ランスポンダーユニットと通信する読取り装置に整合したアンテナコイルのイン ピーダンスは、トランスポンダーユニットのインピーダンスに整合した結合コイ ルのインピーダンスに伝送モジュールによって変えられる。 チップとトランスポンダーコイルを備えたトランスポンダーユニットを有し且 つ結合コイルと結合コイルに電気的に接続されたアンテナコイルを備えた伝送モ ジュールを有するトランスポンダー装置を作動させる本発明による更なる方法は 、伝送モジュールの結合コイルをトランスポンダーコイルと共にトランスポンダ ーユニットの作動電圧を高める変圧器として使用することにある。 本発明による伝送モジュールの好ましい具体例及び同様にかかる伝送モジュー ルを備えたトランスポンダー装置の具体例を、かかるトランスポンダー装置の可 能な作動方式を説明しながら図面に関して以下にかなり詳細に説明する。 図面において、 図1は、トランスポンダー装置と読取り装置を有するデータ伝送配置の概略図 を示す。 図2は、図1に概略的に示したトランスポンダー装置の詳細図を示す。 図3は、積層化技術で構成され且つトランスポンダー装置を備えたチップカー ドの断面図を示す。 図4は、図3に示したチップカードに配置されたトランスポンダー装置の平面 図を示す。 図5は、トランスポンダー装置の更なる例示的な具体例を示す。 図1は、トランスポンダー装置11及び読取り装置12を有するデータ伝送配置 10を示す。トランスポンダー装置11は、トランスポンダーユニット13と伝 送モジュール14を有する。図1で選択した概略図では、トランスポンダーユニ ット13は、チップ15及びチップ15の端末部分16,17に電気的に接続さ れたトランスポンダーコイル18を有する。 伝送モジュール14は、この場合、ここでは結合コイル19として設計された 結合エレメント及び結合コイルに電気的に接続されたアンテナコイル20を有す る。 伝送モジュール14は、読取り装置12の放送用コイル21によって発した放 送用電磁力をアンテナコイル20を介して受信し、且つそれを結合コイル19に よってトランスポンダーユニット13のトランスポンダーコイル18に誘導的に 伝達する役目を基本的に果たす。この点について、結合コイル19は、結合コイ ル19とトランスポンダーコイル18との間で可能な限り効果的な誘導結合を達 成するために、電磁場をトランスポンダーコイル18に収束させる目的を本質的 に有している。 伝送モジュール14の更なる機能は、トランスポンダー装置11と読取り装置 12との間の伝送距離Δを可能な限り大きくするためにトランスポンダーコ イル18との適当な相互作用によってチップ15の作動電圧を効果的に高めるこ とである。 加えて、結合コイル19とアンテナコイル20がインピーダンス値においてト ランスポンダーユニット13又は読取り装置12と夫々本質的に一致し、又は整 合する結果、トランスポンダーユニット13のインピーダンスZTを読取り装置 12のインピーダンスZLに整合させることが可能になる。 図2は、上述した伝送モジュール14の作動方式をより詳細に説明するために 、チップ15及びトランスポンダーコイル18を有するトランスポンダーユニッ ト13と結合コイル19及びアンテナコイル20を有する伝送モジュール14と を備えたトランスポンダー装置11のより詳細な図を示す。 この場合では、アンテナコイル20はn=8の巻回数を有し、結合コイル19 はn=10の巻回数を有している。結合コイル19とアンテナコイル20は、導 電体22,23を介して接続されている。巻回数に関連してコイルが異なる巻回 長さを有するために、結合コイル19のコイルインピーダンスとアンテナコイル 20のコイルインピーダンスに影響を及ぼすコイルパラメータが他のでは同一に 与えられているが、この場合、結合コイル19はアンテナコイル20よりも低い インピーダンスを有している。従って、図2に示した伝送モジュール14は、例 えば結合コイル19がトランスポンダーユニット13の比較的低いインピーダン スに整合し、アンテナコイル20がここではより詳細には示さない読取り装置の 比較的高いインピーダンスに整合するように設計され、その結果、トランスポン ダーユニットそれ自体、即ちトランスボンダーコイル18をこの目的のためにイ ンピーダンスに関して直接整合させることなく、高抵抗の読取り装置を低抵抗の トランスポンダーユニットに接続することが伝送モジュール14を用いて可能に なる。 図2に示した伝送モジュール14の具体例において、加えて比較的低い巻回数 n=10を備えた結合コイル19と比較的高い巻回数n=20を有するトランス ポンダーコイル18との相互作用により、結合コイル19とトランスポンダーコ イル18が変圧器25の1次コイルと2次コイルとして夫々作用する方法で、概 略的な場のラインパターン24によってここで示す誘導結合を介して 変圧器効果が生じ、結果的に、トランスポンダーコイル18に比較的高い電圧が 生じ、その結果、対応して高い作動電圧がチップ15に利用可能である。 図3は、積層化技術で形成されたチップカード27においてカードインレイと しての具体例で伝送モジュール26を示す。 伝送モジュール26に加えて、更なる層が、チップ29を収容したチップイン レイ28、トランスポンダーコイル31がはめ込まれ且つチップ29と接触した トランスポンダーコイルインレイ30、及びチップインレイ28又は伝送モジュ ール26に夫々配置された2つの外側上部層32,33から構成されている。チ ップインレイ28とトランスポンダーコイルインレイ30は、この場合トランス ポンダー装置49を形成する。 図4は、伝送モジュール26を平面図で示し、導体36,37を介して相互に 接続され、ここでは薄いフィルム基板として設計された共通のキャリア層38に 配置された結合コイル34とアンテナコイル35を備え、キャリア層はこの場合 ポリイミドフィルムで構成されている。 トランスポンダーコイル31と結合コイル34の両方とも、及びアンテナコイ ル35は、ワイヤコイルとして形成され且つ同様に他の方法で生産されたコイル として形成されても良い。 図5は、トランスポンダーユニット40を有するトランスポンダー装置39を 示し、トランスポンダーユニットは、チップ41と、端末部分を備え接触面42 に直接配置されたトランスポンダーコイル43から形成されている。専門用語で かかるコイル配置は又、用語「コイルオンチップ」として述べられ、エッチング 処理又はせん断処理によって生産することができる。 トランスポンダー装置39は、フェライトコア45の周囲に配置され短絡され たアンテナコイル46から構成された伝送モジュール44を有する。図2及び図 4に示す伝送モジュール14,26から離れて、アンテナコイル46によってと らえられた電磁場が、伝送モジュール44の場合、結合コイルを用いてでなく、 磁場を強烈に収束させそれを軸線方向に整合させるフェライトコア45を用いて トランスポンダーコイル43に集束される。 図5に示すように、トランスポンダー装置39は、チップ41がその後方側 面47をフェライトコア45の端面48に直接当接された状態で位置決めするこ とができる構造を可能にする。フェライトコア45とトランスポンダーコイル4 3との間で可能な限り有効な誘導結合を達成するために、磁界が本質的に放射さ れる端面48とトランスポンダーコイル43が位置的に一致するような方法で、 チップ41がフェライトコア45の端面48に配置されている。 図5に示すトランスポンダー装置は、いわゆるインジェクショントランスポン ダーとして使用するのに特に適しており、インジェクショントランスポンダーに おいて、トランスポンダー装置39は、例えばガラスから形成され、例えば、屠 殺すべき動物を認識するためにトランスポンダーとして皮下に入れられる時に使 用されるインジェクション容器中にハーメチックシール法で配置される。The present invention relates to a transmission module for a transponder device, a transponder device and a method for operating a transponder device. The present invention relates to a transmission for performing non-contact data transmission between a chip and a reader according to claim 1 or 2. With respect to the module, likewise a transponder device with a transponder unit and a transmission module according to claim 11, 12, or 13 and a transponder device with a transponder unit and a transmission module according to claim 16 or claim 17 It relates to the method of operation. Transponder units, in their simplest form, have a chip and a transponder coil in contact with the terminal surface of the chip and have been used extensively in completely different fields, but they are always somewhat different from the transponder unit. It serves to ensure non-contact, ie wireless, communication between the reader and the chip, which are located far away, and enables data recovery to detect data stored on the chip. Such transponder units are used, for example, in so-called contactless chip cards and are also used for recognizing coded labels or animals for slaughter, in which case they are used as so-called injection transponders. Applying the transponder units to different fields results in some cases in extremely different transmission distances between each transponder unit and the associated reader, and these distances are therefore different in the operation of the transponder unit. It requires different operating voltages of the voltage and the chips involved. In addition, it has heretofore been necessary to match the placement of the transponder unit in the reader in the individual case, which generally requires an impedance match between the transponder unit and the reader. Even on the basis of the two reading parameters, operating voltage and impedance from the above, there are a number of different ways to ensure reliable operation of each transponder unit, as a factor of the transmission distance and the type of reader associated therewith. It turns out that a transponder unit arranged is required exclusively. These requirements therefore hinder the basically desirable standardization in the arrangement of the transponder units, which would allow an essentially cheaper production of the transponder units. It is therefore an object of the present invention to enable a standardized transponder unit design irrespective of the transmission distance or the respective type of reader which has been encountered in each case. This object is achieved by a transmission module having the features of claim 1 or claim 2. According to the invention, there is provided a transmission module for contactless data transmission between a chip and a reader, the transmission module comprising a coil arrangement having a coupling element and at least one antenna coil electrically connected to each other. The coupling element serves to create an inductive coupling with a transponder coil electrically connected to the chip, and the antenna coil serves to create a contactless connection with the reader. In this arrangement, the coupling element and the antenna coil designed as coupling coils have different designs with respect to at least one coil parameter affecting the coil impedance. A transmission module that is configured in this way and can be coupled to the transponder unit by inductive coupling results in an impedance matching between the reader and the transponder unit. It starts with a standardized transponder unit, where the coupling coil is essentially identical to the transponder unit impedance with respect to its impedance, and the antenna coil electrically connected to the coupling coil matches the reader impedance with respect to its impedance. Means that the impedance of the transponder unit can be matched to the impedance of the reader different from that of the transponder unit. As a result, by properly designing the coil parameters of the coupling coil and the antenna coil, it is possible to couple identical transponder units with different readers in terms of impedance. For example, the wire cross-section of the coil, the length of the coil associated with each coil, or even the material used to produce the coil wire, affects the impedance of each coil in designing a coupling element as a coupling coil. Can be used as a coil parameter. According to the invention, a further possibility of adapting the transponder unit to the special conditions of the individual case with respect to different transmission distances is to provide a transmission module according to claim 2, wherein the transmission module comprises a coupling element and at least A transmission module comprising a coil arrangement having one antenna coil and performing non-contact data transmission between a chip and a reader, wherein the coupling element generates an inductive coupling with a transponder coil electrically connected to the chip. The antenna coil serves to make a non-contact connection with the reader and the contact element designed as a coupling coil allows the coupling coil to serve as the primary coil of a transformer formed with the associated transponder coil. Fulfill the transponder unit chip Cause the operating voltage became. In the case of this achievement according to the invention, the inductive coupling between the coupling coil and the transponder coil is consequently used to form a transformer from the coupling coil and the transponder coil which can increase the operating voltage of the transponder unit. I do. As a result, starting with a transponder unit with a standardized arrangement, the appropriate ratio of the number of turns between the coupling coil and the transponder coil is addressed in a way that determines the necessary transformation ratio to exceed the respective transmission distance. As a result of the use of differently arranged transmission modules, it is possible to reach different transmission distances. In addition to the above-mentioned possibilities of achieving an increased operating voltage of the transponder unit with a suitable specification of the turns / transformation ratio, there is also the possibility of amplifying the coupling coil's magnetic field substantially entirely by a suitable amplifying device. To achieve a correspondingly increased induction and voltage rise in the transponder unit associated therewith. Such an amplifying device generates a voltage applied to the coupling coil and is formed by an elevated voltage source, for example, a battery arranged in the transmission module and in contact with the coupling coil. This makes it possible to form an active transmission module with its own voltage supply. A further possibility for achieving the amplification effect is to provide a coupling coil with a core made of a magnetically permeable material, in particular ferrite or the like, which core increases the magnetic field strength of the coupling coil. As a result, the amplifying device described above is also achieved independently of achieving the use of coupling and transponder coils to form a transformer. In a particular embodiment of a transmission module that uses a permeable rod as a core to create an axially aligned magnetic field, the antenna coil simultaneously serves as a coupling coil. To enable the coil arrangement to be used as a transmission module and to allow the coil arrangement to be easily applied to the transponder unit or the substrate of the transponder unit, the coil arrangement is made on the carrier film. The term "carrier film" should in this case not be construed as limiting with respect to the selection of suitable materials for the carrier film, i.e. in light of the widespread understanding of the meaning of the term "carrier film" as used herein. Together, the term includes not only plastic materials but also natural materials such as cellulose and paper. Here, the term "carrier film" is exclusively intended to express the fact that a substrate formed as a carrier film is essentially determined by its area dimension and has a negligible lateral thickness compared to the area dimension. Intend. For some applications, it is advantageous to design the coil arrangement as a whole as a card inlay, for example to produce a chip card with such a transmission module. If the coil arrangement is to be used for coded labels or the like, it has proven advantageous if the coil arrangement is formed on an adhesive substrate. According to claim 11, a transponder device according to the invention comprises a transponder unit and a transmission module, the transponder unit having a chip and a transponder coil electrically connected to the chip, wherein the transmission module comprises a coupling element having an antenna coil. Wherein the coupling element serves to create an inductive coupling with the transponder coil, the antenna coil serves to electrically connect with the coupling element and create a non-contact connection with the reader, and provides a connection between the transponder unit and the reader. The coupling element and the antenna coil, which allow matching between them and are designed as coupling coils, have different designs with respect to at least one of the parameters affecting the coil impedance. The advantages of such a transponder device with a transmission module have already been described in detail first. Moreover, according to the present invention, a transponder device having a transponder unit and a transmission module is proposed by claim 12, wherein the transponder unit has a chip and a transponder coil electrically connected to the chip, wherein the transmission module comprises: A coupling element having an antenna coil, the coupling element serving to produce an inductive coupling with the transponder coil, the antenna coil being electrically connected to the coupling element and serving to produce a contactless connection with the reader. The coupling element is designed as a coupling coil, having a relatively lower number of turns than the transponder coil, such that the coupling coil forms the primary coil of the transformer and the transponder coil forms the secondary coil of the transformer. The advantages of such a transponder device comprising a transmission module and thereby increasing the operating voltage of the transponder unit as much as possible have already been described in detail first. A further transponder device according to the invention is provided by claim 13 comprising a transponder unit and a transmission module, the transponder unit having a chip and a transponder coil electrically connected to the chip, wherein the transmission module comprises an antenna coil. A coupling element having an inductive coupling with the transponder coil, the antenna coil being electrically connected to the coupling element and providing a non-contact connection with the reader, Is formed from a rod of a magnetically permeable material, in particular a ferrite core, the end face of the coupling element serving as a coupling surface, and the antenna coil is arranged around the material rod. In a transponder device designed in this way, a particularly powerful and consequently low-loss inductive coupling is produced by the transponder unit's transponder unit because of the strongly focused and axially aligned magnetic field generated by the rods of magnetically permeable material. This configuration of the transponder device simply requires the material rod to be irrespective of the impedance matching and the transformation possible to increase the operating voltage of the transponder unit stepwise, which is possible between the coil and the antenna coil, as described above. It makes it possible to increase the operating voltage of the transponder unit already, since it makes a particularly low-loss coupling via this. In order to make a special low-loss inductive coupling between the antenna coil and the transponder coil via the material rod, the above-described configuration of the transponder device uses a transponder coil designed as a chip coil arranged on the surface of the chip It turns out that what can be done is particularly advantageous. Such a chip coil is likewise known by the term “coil-on-chip”. In this regard, in a special embodiment of the transponder device, the chip is arranged with its rear side in contact with the end face of the magnetically permeable material rod, and the chip coil arranged on the contact side of the chip opposite to the rear side. Are arranged with their coil surfaces essentially coincident with the end faces of the material rod. This results in an extremely compact transponder device, for example as used in injection transponders. A method according to the present invention for operating a transponder device having a transponder unit with a chip and a transponder coil and having a transmission module with a coupling coil and an antenna coil electrically connected to the coupling coil communicates with the transponder unit. The impedance of the antenna coil matched to the reader is changed by the transmission module to the impedance of the coupling coil matched to the impedance of the transponder unit. A further method according to the invention for operating a transponder device having a transponder unit with a chip and a transponder coil and having a transmission module with a coupling coil and an antenna coil electrically connected to the coupling coil according to the invention is a method of operating a transmission module. The use of the coupling coil together with the transponder coil as a transformer for increasing the operating voltage of the transponder unit. Preferred embodiments of the transmission module according to the invention and also of a transponder device equipped with such a transmission module are described in greater detail below with reference to the drawings, illustrating possible operating modes of such a transponder device. In the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a data transmission arrangement with a transponder device and a reader. FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the transponder device schematically shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a chip card which is constructed by the lamination technology and has a transponder device. FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the transponder device arranged on the chip card shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a transponder device. FIG. 1 shows a data transmission arrangement 10 having a transponder device 11 and a reading device 12. The transponder device 11 has a transponder unit 13 and a transmission module 14. In the schematic diagram selected in FIG. 1, the transponder unit 13 has a chip 15 and a transponder coil 18 electrically connected to the terminal portions 16, 17 of the chip 15. The transmission module 14 has in this case a coupling element, here designed as a coupling coil 19, and an antenna coil 20 electrically connected to the coupling coil. The transmission module 14 receives the broadcast electromagnetic force generated by the broadcast coil 21 of the reader 12 via the antenna coil 20, and inductively transmits it to the transponder coil 18 of the transponder unit 13 by the coupling coil 19. Basically fulfills its role. In this regard, the coupling coil 19 essentially has the purpose of converging the electromagnetic field to the transponder coil 18 in order to achieve the most effective inductive coupling between the coupling coil 19 and the transponder coil 18. I have. A further function of the transmission module 14 is to effectively increase the operating voltage of the chip 15 by appropriate interaction with the transponder coil 18 in order to maximize the transmission distance Δ between the transponder device 11 and the reader 12. It is to raise. In addition, the coupling coil 19 and the antenna coil 20 is a transponder unit 13 or reader 12 and each essentially coincident in the impedance value, or a result of matching, the impedance Z T of the transponder unit 13 in the impedance Z L of the reader 12 It becomes possible to match. FIG. 2 shows a transponder including a transponder unit 13 having a chip 15 and a transponder coil 18 and a transmission module 14 having a coupling coil 19 and an antenna coil 20 in order to explain the operation mode of the transmission module 14 in more detail. 2 shows a more detailed view of the device 11. In this case, the antenna coil 20 has n = 8 turns and the coupling coil 19 has n = 10 turns. The coupling coil 19 and the antenna coil 20 are connected via conductors 22 and 23. Since the coils have different winding lengths in relation to the number of turns, the coil parameters affecting the coil impedance of the coupling coil 19 and the coil impedance of the antenna coil 20 are otherwise given the same, but In this case, the coupling coil 19 has a lower impedance than the antenna coil 20. Thus, the transmission module 14 shown in FIG. 2, for example, allows the coupling coil 19 to match the relatively low impedance of the transponder unit 13 and the antenna coil 20 to match the relatively high impedance of the reader not shown here in more detail. So that connecting the high resistance reader to the low resistance transponder unit without transponder unit itself, i.e. the transbonder coil 18 is not directly matched with respect to impedance for this purpose. This is made possible by using the module 14. In the embodiment of the transmission module 14 shown in FIG. 2, in addition, the interaction between the coupling coil 19 with a relatively low number of turns n = 10 and the transponder coil 18 with a relatively high number of turns n = 20 causes the coupling. In a manner in which the coil 19 and the transponder coil 18 act as the primary and secondary coils of the transformer 25, respectively, a schematic field line pattern 24 causes a transformer effect via the inductive coupling shown here, resulting in a transformer effect. In addition, a relatively high voltage develops on the transponder coil 18 so that a correspondingly high operating voltage is available for the chip 15. FIG. 3 shows the transmission module 26 in a specific example as a card inlay in a chip card 27 formed by a lamination technique. In addition to the transmission module 26, further layers are arranged on the chip inlay 28 containing the chip 29, the transponder coil inlay 30 in which the transponder coil 31 is fitted and in contact with the chip 29, and on the chip inlay 28 or the transmission module 26, respectively. And two outer upper layers 32 and 33. The chip inlay 28 and the transponder coil inlay 30 form a transponder device 49 in this case. FIG. 4 shows the transmission module 26 in plan view, with the coupling coil 34 and the antenna coil 35 being interconnected via conductors 36, 37 and arranged on a common carrier layer 38, here designed as a thin film substrate. , And the carrier layer is made of a polyimide film in this case. Both the transponder coil 31 and the coupling coil 34, as well as the antenna coil 35, may be formed as wire coils and also as coils produced in other ways. FIG. 5 shows a transponder device 39 having a transponder unit 40, which is formed from a chip 41 and a transponder coil 43 with a terminal part and arranged directly on a contact surface 42. Such a coil arrangement in terminology is also described as the term "coil-on-chip" and can be produced by an etching or shearing process. The transponder device 39 has a transmission module 44 composed of a short-circuited antenna coil 46 arranged around a ferrite core 45. In the case of the transmission module 44, apart from the transmission modules 14 and 26 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the electromagnetic field captured by the antenna coil 46 does not use the coupling coil but strongly converges the magnetic field and makes it converge in the axial direction. Is focused on the transponder coil 43 using a ferrite core 45 that matches the As shown in FIG. 5, the transponder device 39 enables a structure in which the chip 41 can position its rear side surface 47 in a state of directly abutting the end surface 48 of the ferrite core 45. In order to achieve the most effective inductive coupling between the ferrite core 45 and the transponder coil 43, in a manner such that the end face 48 from which the magnetic field is essentially radiated and the transponder coil 43 are aligned, The chip 41 is arranged on the end face 48 of the ferrite core 45. The transponder device shown in FIG. 5 is particularly suitable for use as a so-called injection transponder, in which the transponder device 39 is formed, for example, of glass, for example, subcutaneously as a transponder for recognizing animals to be slaughtered. Placed in an injection container used when placed in a hermetic seal.
【手続補正書】特許法第184条の8第1項 【提出日】平成11年1月20日(1999.1.20) 【補正内容】 特許請求の範囲 1.結合コイル(19,34)と電気的に互いに接続された少なくとも1つの アンテナコイル(20,35)とを有し、トランスポンダーユニット(49)の チップ(15,29)と読取り装置(12)との間で非接触データ伝送を行う伝 送モジュール(14,26)において、結合コイルは、チップに電気的に接続さ れたトランスポンダーコイル(18,31)との誘導結合(24)を生ずる役目 を果たし、アンテナコイルは、読取り装置との接続を生ずる役目を果たし、結合 コイル(19,34)とアンテナコイル(20,35)は、コイルインピーダン スに影響を与えるコイルパラメータに関して異なる設計を有する伝送モジュール であって、結合コイル(19,34)とアンテナコイル(20,35)は、コイ ル配置がトランスポンダーユニットとは独立して使用できるユニットをキャリア 層と共に形成するように、共通のキャリア層(38)に配置されることを特徴と する伝送モジュール。 2.キャリア層(38)上のコイル配置(34,35)は積層化技術で構成さ れたチップカードのカードインレイ(30)を形成することを特徴とする、請求 項1に記載の伝送モジュール。 3.キャリア層(38)は、キャリアフィルムとして設計されていることを特 徴とする、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の伝送モジュール。 4.キャリア層(38)は、接着性の基板として設計されていることを特徴と する、請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の伝送モジュール。 5.結合エレメント(45)と少なくとも1つのアンテナコイル(20,35 ,46)とを備えたコイル配置を有し、トランスポンダーユニット(40)のチ ップ(41)と読取り装置との間で非接触データ伝送を行うための伝送モジュー ル(14)において、結合エレメントは、チップと電気的に接続されたトランス ポンダーコイル(43)との誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし、アンテナコイルは 、読取り装置と接続を行う役目を果たす伝送モジュールであって、材料ロッドが アンテナコイル用の基板としての役割を果たし、材料ロッドが、トランスポンダ ーユニットと独立して使用することのできるユニットをアンテナコイルと共に形 成 するように、結合エレメントが、アンテナコイルによって取り巻かれた透磁性材 料のロッドとして設計されていることを特徴とする伝送モジュール。 6.トランスポンダーユニット(40)と伝送モジュール(44)を有するト ランスポンダー装置(39)において、トランスポンダーユニットはチップ(4 1)を有し、トランスポンダーコイル(43)がチップに電気的に接続され、伝 送モジュールはアンテナコイル(46)を有する結合エレメント(45)を備え 、結合エレメントはトランスポンダーコイルとの誘導結合を生ずる役目を果たし 、アンテナコイルは、読取り装置(12)との非接触の接続を生ずる役目を果た すトランスポンダー装置であって、結合エレメントは、端面(48)が結合面と しての役目を果たす透磁性材料のロッドから形成され、アンテナコイル(46) は、材料ロッド(45)の周囲に配置されていることを特徴とするトランスポン ダー装置。 7.トランスポンダーコイルが、「コイルオンチップ」として、チップ(41 )の表面(42)に配置されたチップコイル(43)として設計されていること を特徴とする、請求項6に記載のトランスポンダー装置。 8.チップ(41)が、その後面(47)を透磁性材料ロッド(45)の端面 (48)に当接させた状態で配置され、後面(47)と反対側のチップ(41) の接触面(42)に配置されたチップコイル(43)は、そのコイル表面を材料 ロッド(45)の端面(48)と本質的に一致させた状態で配置されていること を特徴とする、請求項6又は請求項7に記載のトランスポンダー装置。 【手続補正書】 【提出日】平成11年10月14日(1999.10.14) 【補正内容】 (1)明細書第3頁第12行目に記載の「コンタクトエレメント」を、「結合エ レメント」に補正する。[Procedure of Amendment] Article 184-8, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Act [Submission date] January 20, 1999 (1999.1.20) [Correction contents] Claims 1. At least one electrically connected to the coupling coil (19, 34); An antenna coil (20, 35); and a transponder unit (49). A transmission for performing non-contact data transmission between the chip (15, 29) and the reader (12). In the transfer module (14, 26), the coupling coil is electrically connected to the chip. For producing inductive coupling (24) with the selected transponder coil (18, 31) And the antenna coil serves to create a connection with the reader, Coil (19, 34) and antenna coil (20, 35) are coil impedance Module with different designs with respect to coil parameters affecting the power And the coupling coil (19, 34) and the antenna coil (20, 35) Carrier unit that can be used independently of the transponder unit Characterized in that they are arranged on a common carrier layer (38) so as to be formed with the layers. Transmission module. 2. The coil arrangements (34, 35) on the carrier layer (38) are constructed by lamination technology. Forming a card inlay (30) for the inserted chip card. Item 2. The transmission module according to Item 1. 3. The carrier layer (38) is specially designed as a carrier film. The transmission module according to claim 1, wherein the transmission module is a feature. 4. The carrier layer (38) is designed as an adhesive substrate. The transmission module according to claim 1, wherein: 5. A coupling element (45) and at least one antenna coil (20, 35); , 46) and a coil arrangement of the transponder unit (40). Transmission module for performing contactless data transmission between the tip (41) and the reader In (14), the coupling element is a transformer electrically connected to the chip. The antenna coil serves to generate inductive coupling with the Ponder coil (43). A transmission module serving to connect with the reader, wherein the material rod is Acting as a substrate for the antenna coil, the material rod -A unit that can be used independently of the unit is formed together with the antenna coil. Success The coupling element is made of a magnetically permeable material surrounded by an antenna coil. A transmission module characterized as being designed as a feed rod. 6. A transponder unit (40) and a transmission module (44); In the transponder device (39), the transponder unit is a chip (4). 1) wherein the transponder coil (43) is electrically connected to the chip and The transmission module comprises a coupling element (45) having an antenna coil (46). , The coupling element serves to create inductive coupling with the transponder coil , The antenna coil serves to create a contactless connection with the reader (12) A transponder device, wherein the coupling element has an end face (48) which is the same as the coupling face. An antenna coil (46) formed from a rod of magnetically permeable material that serves as Is disposed around a material rod (45). Device. 7. The transponder coil is referred to as a "coil-on-chip" chip (41 ) Is designed as a chip coil (43) arranged on the surface (42) The transponder device according to claim 6, characterized in that: 8. The tip (41) has its rear surface (47) facing the end of the magnetically permeable material rod (45). The chip (41) which is arranged in contact with the (48) and is opposite to the rear surface (47) The chip coil (43) arranged on the contact surface (42) of the Being arranged substantially in line with the end face (48) of the rod (45) The transponder device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: [Procedure amendment] [Submission date] October 14, 1999 (1999.10.14) [Correction contents] (1) The “contact element” described on page 12, line 12 Element ".
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国 EP(AT,BE,CH,DE, DK,ES,FI,FR,GB,GR,IE,IT,L U,MC,NL,PT,SE),OA(BF,BJ,CF ,CG,CI,CM,GA,GN,ML,MR,NE, SN,TD,TG),AP(GH,GM,KE,LS,M W,SD,SZ,UG,ZW),EA(AM,AZ,BY ,KG,KZ,MD,RU,TJ,TM),AL,AU ,BB,BG,BR,CA,CN,CZ,EE,GE, HU,IL,IS,JP,KP,KR,LK,LR,L T,LV,MG,MK,MN,MX,NO,NZ,PL ,RO,SG,SI,SK,TR,TT,UA,US, UZ,VN (72)発明者 リーツラー,マンフレート ドイツ国 マルクトオーバードルフ D― 87616,アム アルスターベルク 10 (72)発明者 ヴィルム,ローベルト ドイツ国 カッセブルグ D―22929,ミ ューレンヴェーク 24────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, L U, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF) , CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, GM, KE, LS, M W, SD, SZ, UG, ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY) , KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AL, AU , BB, BG, BR, CA, CN, CZ, EE, GE, HU, IL, IS, JP, KP, KR, LK, LR, L T, LV, MG, MK, MN, MX, NO, NZ, PL , RO, SG, SI, SK, TR, TT, UA, US, UZ, VN (72) Inventor Rietzler, Manfred Germany Markt Oberdorf D- 87616, Am Alsterberg 10 (72) Inventor Wilm, Robert Germany, Kasseburg D-22929, Mi Thürenweg 24
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19703029.7 | 1997-01-28 | ||
DE19703029A DE19703029A1 (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1997-01-28 | Transmission module for a transponder device and transponder device and method for operating a transponder device |
PCT/DE1998/000237 WO1998033142A1 (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1998-01-27 | Transmission module for a transponder device, transponder device and method for operating said device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2000510271A true JP2000510271A (en) | 2000-08-08 |
Family
ID=7818570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP10531488A Pending JP2000510271A (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1998-01-27 | Transmission module for transponder device, transponder device, and method of operating transponder device |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0956537A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000510271A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20000070474A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1246189A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6390598A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2279176A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19703029A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998033142A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19703029A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
AU6390598A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
WO1998033142A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
KR20000070474A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
CN1246189A (en) | 2000-03-01 |
CA2279176A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
EP0956537A1 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
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