JP2000111398A - Measuring apparatus for self-luminescence from flame - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring apparatus by which self-luminescence from a flame can be measure locally, in a time-series manner and simultaneously in many points. SOLUTION: Beams of self-luminescence from a plurality of measuring points in a flame F are condensed by a condensing optical system 1 such as a point Cassegrain optical system or the like which can measure the beams of self- luminescence locally. The beams of self-luminescence are guided by an optical fiber array 2 which is composed of optical fibers 201 to 20n. Respectively self- luminescence components which correspond to OH, CH, C2 and the like are spectrally diffracted and measured by light measuring devices 31 to 3n which can measure the beams of self-luminescence at high speed and in a time-series manner. Thereby, the beams of self-luminescence from the plurality of measuring points (many points) are measured simultaneously, and information on the state of the flame, its structure and its change in terms of time can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flame spontaneous emission measuring device for measuring the structure of a flame by measuring spontaneous emission of the flame.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The characteristics of a flame largely depend on the fine structure of the flame and its temporal change. By measuring such a fine structure, the characteristics of the flame and their correlation can be known. Further, from the measured fine structure or the like, it becomes possible to obtain data for controlling the flame by feeding back the structural data and improving the combustion device that generates the flame. Such measurements are very important in the control and improvement of various combustion devices, for example, in combustion analysis in automobile engines.

In order to measure the fine structure of the flame, (1) local measurement, that is, measurement on a measurement volume sufficiently smaller than the spatial scale of the flame structure, and (2) time-series measurement, that is, It is necessary to repeatedly and continuously perform measurement for a measurement time that is sufficiently short compared to the time scale of the structural change of the flame.

[0004] To realize such a measurement,
`` Proceedings of the Thirty-FifthJapanese Symposiu
m on Combustion, p. 54-56 (1997), describes a measuring device for measuring spontaneous light emission, which is natural light emission from a flame. This measurement device uses a Cassegrain optical system optimally designed for local point measurement as a self-luminous condensing optical system to reduce the measurement volume to 1.6 mm × 0.2 mm, and high-speed processing for detecting self-luminous light. 250kHz using a possible photomultiplier tube
By measuring at the high sampling rate of
Local and time series measurement of flame is realized. Further, as for self-emission, it is described that self-emission from three components of OH, CH, and C ₂ are simultaneously measured by measuring respective corresponding wavelengths.

An example in which such a measuring device is separately measured at a plurality of measuring points with respect to an automobile engine is described in "Proceedings of the Fourth Internatio".
nalSymposium on Diagnostics and Modeling of Combus
tion in Internal Combustion Engines, p.411-416 (19
98) ”.

[0006]

In order to measure the fine structure of a flame one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally and to analyze the state of combustion, efficient local and time-series measurement at a plurality of measurement points is required. is necessary. However, in the device described above,
Without moving / reinstalling the equipment and aligning it,
In order to perform measurement on such a plurality of measurement points, it is necessary to install a plurality of all measurement systems including a self-light-emitting condensing optical system, which complicates the apparatus, and further, between the measurement points. When the distance is small, a plurality of light collecting optical systems cannot be installed, and such measurement cannot be performed after all. This is particularly problematic when performing simultaneous measurement for a plurality of measurement points, but such simultaneous measurement is indispensable to obtain sufficient data on the fine structure of the flame and its time change.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a flame spontaneous emission measuring device capable of efficiently performing local and time series measurement of spontaneous emission from a plurality of measurement points. The purpose is to:

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a flame self-luminous measuring device according to the present invention is a flame self-luminous measuring device for measuring a state of a flame. A light-gathering optical system consisting of a single optical system that focuses self-emission from the measurement point to the corresponding light-gathering point on the light-gathering surface, and multiple light-gathering points collected at the light-gathering point And a self-emission measurement system for measuring self-emission.

As described above, a plurality of measurement points are set in the measurement of self-emission from a predetermined measurement point in the flame, and the respective measurement points and the converging points on the converging surface are set by the converging optical system. By condensing light while corresponding to and measuring the self-emission collected at each condensing point by a self-emission measurement system, the device can be downsized using a single condensing optical system, and Efficient self-emission measurement at a plurality of measurement points can be realized without moving or re-installing the device.

It is preferable to use a point Cassegrain optical system capable of measuring a point as the condensing optical system. A point Cassegrain optical system is a Cassegrain optical system whose focal point is set so that light can be collected at a plurality of measurement points each having a small measurement volume. Is applied, local measurement of self-emission becomes possible.

Further, as the condensing optical system, a point-Mastoff optical system capable of performing point measurement may be used. A point-Mastoff optical system is a Makstov optical system whose focal point is set so that light can be collected at a plurality of measurement points consisting of minute measurement volumes. In this case, the increase in the measurement volume can be suppressed.

The spontaneous emission measurement system may include a position detection type optical measurement device that detects or captures an optical image formed on the condensing surface by the condensed self-emission. By installing a position detection type optical measurement device using, for example, a CCD on the light-collecting surface, it becomes possible to directly observe a two-dimensional light image by self-emission.

[0013] The light-emitting measurement system further includes an optical fiber array including a plurality of optical fibers each having an incident end arranged at a plurality of converging points on the converging surface. It may be arranged on the side to measure the self-emission from a plurality of measurement points, each of which is guided by a plurality of optical fibers. By guiding the condensed self-light emission using the optical fiber array, the efficiency of self-emission measurement can be increased and the device configuration can be simplified.

[0014] Regarding the configuration of the measuring points, the condensing points and the optical fiber, a plurality of measuring points are arranged in a one-dimensional array.
Each of the input ends of the plurality of optical fibers can be configured to be one-dimensionally arranged on the light-collecting surface corresponding to the plurality of measurement points arranged one-dimensionally. The plurality of measurement points are arranged in a two-dimensional array in a matrix, and the respective incident ends of the plurality of optical fibers are arranged in a matrix on the light-collecting surface corresponding to the plurality of two-dimensionally arranged measurement points. A two-dimensional arrangement may be used. By arranging the flames one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally, it is possible to efficiently measure and examine the fine structure of the flame.

Further, the self-luminous measuring system has a single optical measuring device in which the light-emitting end of any one of the plurality of optical fibers is optically connected and self-luminous is measured. Can be configured. By configuring the apparatus in this manner, switching of measurement at a plurality of measurement points can be realized only by switching the optical fiber connected to the optical measurement apparatus.

Further, the spontaneous emission measurement system may be configured to include a plurality of optical measurement devices for measuring spontaneous emission by optically connecting the emission ends of the plurality of optical fibers. In such a configuration, since the plurality of optical fibers, through which light emitted from each measurement point is guided, are connected to different optical measurement devices, simultaneous measurement at a plurality of measurement points is possible. Become.

As an optical measuring device used in the self-luminous measuring system, a spectroscopic measuring device having an interference filter for selectively transmitting light of a specific selected wavelength and a photomultiplier tube for measuring light transmitted through the interference filter. Can be provided. By using such a spectrometer,
Self-emission from specific components such as OH, CH, and C ₂ can be selectively measured. Further, the optical measurement device may be configured to include a plurality of spectrometers each having a different wavelength selected. This makes it possible to simultaneously measure self-emission from a plurality of components.

Further, the optical measurement device includes a high-resolution spectrometer having a diffraction grating for performing spectroscopy, and a single or a plurality of multi-anode type photomultipliers for measuring light separated by the diffraction grating. It may be constituted by. This makes it possible to measure a self-emission spectrum with further improved wavelength resolution.

In the self-emission measurement system, the emission ends of a plurality of optical fibers are arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally to form an emission surface. It is also possible to have a position detection type optical measurement device that detects or captures an optical image formed on the emission surface.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a flame self-luminous measuring device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description. Also, the dimensional ratios in the drawings do not always match those described.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a flame self-luminous measuring device according to the present invention. However, the number of measurement points is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), and FIG. 1 shows only the light emission from a single measurement point. In the present embodiment, the measurement point F in the flame F
The self-luminous emission from _P (however, depending on the behavior of the flame F, this measurement point F _p may be located outside the flame F)
The light is condensed at a corresponding converging point (not shown) on the converging surface by the converging optical system 1.

Here, the term “self-luminous” refers to OH, C
H, C ₂ due to such good flame emission that spontaneous emission and has a reaction strength or heat generation positively correlated with the flame,
It is a direct indicator of the state of flame. Conventional methods for measuring the flame state include a method using a thermocouple, a method using an ion probe, and a laser-induced fluorescence method (LIF method). Of these methods, a method using a thermocouple and an ion probe uses the flame to be measured. There is a problem that physical contact with the flame is required, and the measurement may change the flame state. On the other hand, the LIF method requires a laser light source, which makes the apparatus expensive and large, and makes it difficult to perform high-speed time-series measurement due to the limit of the repetition frequency of laser pulses. In addition, there is a problem that adjustment of a laser optical system or the like is necessary at the time of use, and measurement cannot be easily performed. On the other hand, the above-mentioned problems of the conventional method can be solved by collecting and measuring the self-emission with sufficient positional resolution and light collection efficiency. In particular, by measuring the self-emission at a plurality of measurement points (hereinafter also referred to as multiple points), it is possible to obtain one- or two-dimensional information on the flame state. In addition, knowledge of the three-dimensional flame state can be obtained from the information.

An optical fiber array 2 is connected to the condensing optical system 1. The optical fiber array 2 is composed of the optical fiber 20 ₁ to 20 _n of the n corresponding to the measurement points in n points, the optical fiber bundle 2a is other than the entrance end and exit end
Is formed. The incident ends are installed on the light-collecting surface, corresponding to the light-collecting points from each measurement point. guided with high efficiency in the self-emission measuring system by 20 ₁ to 20 _n.

Since the flame emission contains ultraviolet rays, it is desirable to use an ultraviolet transmitting quartz fiber as the optical fiber. In addition, the position resolution of measurement can be increased by reducing the core diameter of the optical fiber, but on the other hand, the amount of light decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to select an optimal one according to the conditions required for measurement. For example, when a core diameter of 200 μm is used, the measurement volume is about 1.6 mm × φ0.2 mm. This measurement volume is of the same order as the measurement volume of a laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) or a phase Doppler velocimeter (PDA).

The self-emission measuring system in the present embodiment, the n optical measuring device 3 ₁ to 3 _n and the signal amplifying means 4 ₁ to 4 _n, a signal processing unit 5 for processing collectively signals therefrom ,
It comprises a computer 6 for controlling the signal processing means 5 and taking in data from the signal processing means 5, a monitor 7 connected to the computer 6 for displaying and recording data, and a recording device 8.

[0026] n exit end of the optical fiber 20 ₁ to 20 _n of the book, the connection portions 30 ₁ to 30 _n of the respective optical measuring device 3 ₁ to 3 _n
Is connected to the self-emission from each measurement point, the spectral-measurement or the like is incident on the optical measuring device 3 ₁ to 3 _n to be performed. According to this structure, the self-emission from the multi-point, can be measured simultaneously using a separately installed optical measuring device 3 ₁ to 3 _n for each, for example, 2-dimensional flame in real time The state and its time change can be observed.

One or a plurality of signals respectively output from the optical measuring devices 3 _{1 to} 3 _n are input to the corresponding signal amplifying units 4 ₁ to 4 _n , respectively, and further, the signal processing unit 5 including a signal processing circuit or the like. Is input to The signal processing means 5 is connected to a computer 6, which controls the signal processing means 5 for signal processing and the like, fetches data from the signal processing means 5, and outputs the data based on analysis software or the like. , The data and the analysis result are displayed on the monitor 7 and recorded on the recording device 8.

As shown in FIG. 2, the light emission measuring system may be constituted by using only a single light measuring device 3 as the light measuring device. In this case, the connection portion 30 of the optical measuring device 3, the exit end of the optical fiber are as detachable to prepare, in a sequential connection (in the figure the exit end of the optical fiber 20 ₁ to 20 _n is i The second optical fiber 20 _i is connected) and the measurement is performed, whereby multi-point measurement in which the measurement point is switched only by attaching and detaching the optical fiber can be realized.

As described above, it is necessary to use a condensing optical system 1 capable of condensing (local measurement) with sufficient positional resolution and condensing efficiency as described above. FIG. 3 shows a point Cassegrain optical system 1 which is an example of such a condensing optical system.
1 is shown. The point Cassegrain optical system 11 is obtained by optimizing the Cassegrain optical system so that local point measurement can be performed. In point Cassegrain optical system 11, respectively self-emission concave mirror 11a from is multi point measurement point F ₁ to F _n, and is reflected by the convex mirror 11b, passes through the opening 11c formed in the center of the concave mirror 11a Then, the light is condensed and imaged at each of the light condensing points P _{1 to} P _n on the light converging surface FP. In this optical system, the aperture 1
By 1c, the effective reflection area of the concave mirror 11a is reduced, and in particular, the amount of condensed light at a measurement point far from the center of the visual field is reduced.

FIG. 4 shows a point-Mastoff optical system 12, which is another example of the condensing optical system. The point-Mastoff optical system 12 is obtained by optimizing the Max-Stoff optical system so that local point measurement can be performed, similarly to the point-Massoff optical system. In point Maksutov optical system 12, the self-emission from the measurement point F ₁ to F _n is multi point is corrected optical path by each Maksutov correcting plate 12b, is reflected by the concave mirror 12a, the light-collecting surface FP Ueno Collection are each collecting light, it focused on the light spot P ₁ ~P _n.

The point-Mastoff optical system has a stable position resolution over a wide area as compared with the point-cassegrain optical system, especially in multi-point measurement. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the correlation between the field-of-view ratio and the position resolution of the point Cassegrain optical system and the point Maxstoff optical system. In the point Cassegrain optical system,
While the position resolution decreases as the measurement point moves away from the center of the visual field, the position resolution hardly changes in the entire field of view in the point-Makstoff optical system. Thus, measurement with substantially the same position resolution can be realized.

[0032] Although not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the position of the focal point P ₁ to P _n are each corresponding incident end of the optical fiber 20 ₁ to 20 _n are disposed. Also,
These measurement points F ₁ to F _n, corresponding converging point P ₁ to to P _n and the optical fiber 20 ₁ to 20 _n may be a one-dimensional array, or matrix of the two-dimensional array, more by this Measurement and observation of the flame state can be performed efficiently.

The setting and selection of the condensing optical system, the optical fiber, and the like are performed with respect to the positional resolution required for measurement.
A suitable one can be appropriately selected based on the measurement volume, the interval between multiple points, and the like. For example, the working distance of the condensing optical system is from a short distance focus (150 mm or less) for an engine or a small burner to a medium distance focus (150 to 600 mm) and a long distance focus (600 mm).
Various settings can be made up to the above. Regarding the condensing optical system, the point Cassegrain optical system uses a high-resolution measurement (for example, a visual field range of 0.1 to 1 mm, and a measuring point interval of 10 to 1).
00 μm, short / medium focus, and the point-Makstoff optical system has a wide-field measurement (for example, a field range of 5 to 50).
mm, measurement point interval 1 to 5 mm, and medium / long distance focus). The spot size can be easily changed by changing the core diameter of the optical fiber.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of the optical measuring device 3 used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. In the optical measurement device 3, of the light guided by the optical fiber 20, a self-luminous component from a substance to be observed is selected and measured, and high-speed measurement is performed to efficiently perform time-series measurement. It is required that the measurement system be capable of measurement.
The optical measuring device 3 shown in FIG. 6 is configured to measure self-luminous components from OH, CH, and C ₂ , which are particularly important intermediate products in the hydrocarbon combustion reaction. As for C ₂ , measurement is performed on two components (hereinafter referred to as C ₂ (1) and C ₂ (2)). OH
Luminescence is observed in response to combustion reactions and hot gases, and CH
C ₂ emission has a high correlation with the combustion reaction zone (reaction zone), and C ₂ emission has a strong relationship with reaction and soot formation. Therefore, by measuring the radical self-luminescence by these, important information on the combustion reaction can be obtained. Further, by simultaneously measuring two or more wavelength components of the same radical (for example, C ₂ ),
Information on temperature and the like can be obtained.

As described above, when simultaneously measuring a plurality of chemical species, the measurement method using a laser requires a laser light source for each chemical species, and the apparatus becomes large and complicated.
Such a measurement is difficult in practice. On the other hand, simultaneous measurement of a plurality of chemical species can be easily performed by utilizing self-emission measurement as in the present invention.

The optical measuring device 3 has OH, CH, C
₂ (1) and C ₂ (2) according to configured with a four spectroscopic measuring device 3a~3d which corresponds to the self-luminous. The selected wavelengths are: spectrometer 3a: OH, wavelength 306.4 nm, half-width 10-15 nm spectrometer 3b: CH, wavelength 431.5 nm, half-width 1-2 nm spectrometer 3c: C ₂ (1) The wavelength is 473.3 nm and the half width is 1-2 nm. The spectrometer 3d is set as C ₂ (2), the wavelength is 516.5 nm, and the half width is 1-2 nm. The spectrometer 3a includes a dichroic mirror 31a, an interference filter 32a, and a photomultiplier tube 33a.
The light separated from the incident light by the
a, the self-luminous component of the above-mentioned selected wavelength corresponding to the OH self-luminescence is selected and transmitted, and is incident on the photomultiplier tube 33a. The incident self-luminous component is photoelectrically converted and multiplied by the photomultiplier tube 33 a and output to the signal amplifying unit 4. The other spectrometers 3b to 3d have the same configuration, but each selected wavelength is set to the wavelength of the corresponding self-emission component.

In this configuration example, high-speed time-series measurement is made possible by using photomultiplier tubes 33a to 33d capable of high-speed operation, particularly for optical measurement. Correspondingly, the sampling rate of the measurement is, for example, 100 kHz.
It can be set to about z to 1 MHz.

As described above, by applying the condensing optical system as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, for example,
Local measurement with high position resolution is possible, and time series measurement with high speed and high time resolution becomes possible by applying, for example, an optical measurement device as shown in FIG.
Using these, for example, by configuring a flame self-luminous measuring device as shown in FIG. 1, local / time-series measurement of self-luminous at multiple points is realized, and thereby information about the fine structure of the flame is obtained. It is possible to obtain.

By using such a measuring device for flame combustion analysis in various combustion devices, a great deal of important information can be obtained. For example, in the engine of an automobile, the flame as shown in FIG. 7, the width W _F is to form a flame zone F of 0.1mm order, moving speed V _F
Move and propagate with. In this case, when measuring the self-emission at the measurement point F _P, the rise of the intensity of the spontaneous light corresponding to the passage of the flame zone F (peak) is observed. From the peak time t to the passage time, from the peak width Δt, the time required for passage, and from the peak intensity h, information on the flame combustion intensity can be obtained.

However, even when the self-emission measurement as described above is performed, the width W _F may be increased depending on the measurement at a single measurement point.
And can not obtain the moving velocity V _F, by performing multi-point measurement, by looking at the correlation of self-emission changes at each measurement point, the first time a direct information about their flame state and its time change It is possible to obtain. Further, for example, by forming a multi-point two-dimensional configuration in a matrix, it is possible to efficiently obtain a large amount of information such as the moving direction of the flame. Further, by performing a high-resolution type measurement, a finer structure such as a reaction intensity distribution inside the flame zone can be clarified. In addition, local air-fuel ratios (A / F),
A lot of information can be obtained, such as the turbulence structure and the local Damkohler number related to it.

The application of such a measurement is not limited to an automobile engine. A spray-fired furnace or boiler using an oil burner, a gas turbine used for an aircraft or thermal power generation, a ram, a scramjet engine combustion, etc. It can be applied to various combustion devices such as a vessel.

Further, by using a conventional flame state measuring method other than the self-luminous measurement together, more information can be obtained. In particular, the condensing optical system according to the present invention has a very high condensing rate as compared with a normal lens system, and thus can be applied also as a condensing system for laser measurement of a flame. .

For example, the measurement volume of the self-luminous measurement according to the present invention is equal to or less than that of LDV or PDA.
By performing these measurements and the self-luminous measurement simultaneously, the local burning velocity can be estimated from the local gas flow velocity and the flame moving velocity. Also, LDV and PDA
Since the measurement volume of the sample generally has a length of about several hundred μm to several mm in the optical axis direction, the simultaneous measurement is performed by setting the self-luminous measurement device to a high-resolution type, so that the flow rate in the measurement volume of the LDV or PDA is It becomes possible to measure the distribution of measured values and the like. Further, by using the measurement by the LIF method together, it is possible to obtain knowledge on the chemical reaction mechanism.

The optical measurement device is not limited to the one using the interference filter and the photomultiplier tube shown in FIG. 6, and various types can be applied. FIG. 8 shows another configuration example of such an optical measurement device 3. Here, the diffraction grating 35 is used to split the self-luminous component, and OH,
Four multi-anode type photomultiplier tubes 36a to 36d are installed corresponding to the self-emission by CH, C ₂ (1) and C ₂ (2) to constitute an optical measurement device as a high-resolution spectral measurement device. ing.

At this time, the self-luminous light guided by the optical fiber is wavelength-resolved by the diffraction grating 35, and light in the wavelength band of each self-luminous component is incident on the corresponding multi-anode type photomultiplier tubes 36a to 36d. . As shown in FIG. 8, the multi-anode type photomultiplier tubes 36a to 36d are arranged in such a manner that the direction of splitting of the anode coincides with the direction of wavelength resolution, whereby each selected wavelength band Not only measure the intensity of each self-luminous component but also measure its fine structure spectrum in high speed and time series to obtain more detailed information on combustion temperature, pressure, etc. be able to.

In the case of measurement using an interference filter, the selected wavelength band is measured with a wide bandwidth of several nm to several tens nm. However, in temperature analysis or detailed chemical reaction analysis, it may be necessary to measure a self-emission spectrum with a wavelength resolution of 1 nm or less. High-resolution spectroscopy using the above-described diffraction grating and multi-anode type photomultiplier tube enables time-series measurement of self-emission spectrum with high wavelength resolution of about 0.1 to 0.5 nm. Time series measurement of local temperature, which has been difficult, can be realized.

The multi-anode type photomultiplier tube 36
The use of the multi-anode type photomultiplier tubes a to 36d can greatly reduce the size of the device as compared with a configuration in which a plurality of photomultiplier tubes are installed. Is not limited to the case where a diffraction grating is used, and may be used in combination with, for example, an interference filter.

The method of light measurement is not limited to the method of applying the light measuring device to the light emission from each measurement point. For example, a two-dimensional light image due to the light emission is measured by the position detecting light measuring device. Alternatively, an image can be taken. High-sensitivity and high-speed position detection type optical measurement devices include image sensors such as CCDs that can operate at high speed, and those that use them, such as those that connect a CCD to an image tube, such as an image intensifier, and fluorescent screens. An image tube using an electron-implanted CCD or a photomultiplier tube such as a multi-anode type capable of detecting a position can be used. In this case, such a position detection type optical measurement device can be arranged directly on the light-collecting surface without conducting light by the optical fiber array, or can be arranged on the emission end face of the optical fiber array. In addition, spontaneous light emission from a plurality of points guided by the fiber array is simultaneously spectroscopically detected by the above-described position detection type optical measurement device provided with an interference filter or the like, so that self-emission measurement at multiple points is performed. The size of the device can be reduced.

[0049]

As described in detail above, the flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to the present invention has the following effects. In other words, in the flame spontaneous emission measurement, a multi-point measurement is possible by using a condensing optical system having a high position resolution and capable of local measurement and an optical measurement device having a high time resolution and capable of time series measurement. By configuring the flame spontaneous emission measurement device, it is possible to realize local, time series, and multi-point simultaneous measurement of flame spontaneous emission, and to obtain various information on the flame state and structure and its time change. Become.

In particular, by realizing such multi-point measurement using a single condensing optical system, the apparatus can be downsized,
The handling can be facilitated to provide a measuring device applicable to various combustion devices.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a flame self-luminous measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a point Cassegrain optical system which is an example of a condensing optical system.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a point-Mastoff optical system which is another example of the condensing optical system.

FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the positional resolutions of the point Cassegrain optical system and the point Maxstoff optical system.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an optical measurement device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining a relationship between a flame and self-luminous light.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram illustrating another example of the optical measurement device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... condensing optical system, 11 ... point Cassegrain optical system,
11a: concave mirror, 11b: convex mirror, 11c: opening, 1
2: Point-Mastoff optical system, 12a: concave mirror, 1
2b: Makstoff correction plate, 2: optical fiber array, 2a
... optical fiber bundles, 20, 20 ₁ to 20 _n ... optical fiber, 3,3 ₁ to 3 _n ... optical measurement apparatus, 30, 30 ₁ to 30 _n ...
Connections, 3a-3d ... Spectrometer, 31a-31d ...
Dichroic mirror, 32a to 32d: interference filter, 33a to 33d: photomultiplier, 35: diffraction grating,
36a-36d: Multi-anode type photomultiplier tube, 4,
4 ₁ to 4 _n ... signal amplifying means, 5 ... signal processing unit, 6 ... computer, 7 ... monitor, 8 ... recording device, F ... flame,
F _P , F _{1 to} F _n … measurement point, FP… condensing surface, P _{1 to} P _n … condensing point.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Ikeda 5-1-1207 Shinoharadai, Nada-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Geo Rokko Yamate (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Fukusato 4-36-10 Hikawadai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo A201 ( 72) Inventor Ken Nakajima 3-19 Mefuyamate-cho, Takarazuka-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Shoji 5-5-602, Shimizu-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Fumiko Akamatsu 4, Gotenyama-minami-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka −2931 F term (reference) 2G065 AA04 AB04 AB05 BA04 BA18 BA21 BA33 BA34 BB02 BB06 BB27 BB28 BC03 BC07 BC35 BD01 BD08 DA01 DA06 3K005 QC03 RA02 RA03 RA04

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A flame spontaneous emission measuring device for measuring a state of a flame, wherein a spontaneous light emission from a plurality of measurement points of the flame is condensed at corresponding converging points on a condensing surface. And a light-gathering optical system comprising: a light-gathering optical system comprising: a light-gathering optical system; Light emission measurement device. 2. The flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the condensing optical system is a point Cassegrain optical system capable of performing point measurement. 3. The flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the light condensing optical system is a point-Mastoff optical system capable of performing point measurement. 4. The self-emission measurement system includes a position detection type optical measurement device that detects or captures an optical image formed on the condensing surface by the condensed self-emission. The flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. An optical fiber array comprising a plurality of optical fibers each having an incident end arranged at each of the plurality of light-condensing points on the light-condensing surface, wherein the self-emission measurement system comprises The self-emission from the plurality of measurement points, which is provided on the emission end side of the fiber and is guided by the plurality of optical fibers, respectively, is configured to be measured. 3
The flame spontaneous emission measurement device according to any one of the above. 6. The plurality of measurement points are arranged in a one-dimensional array, and each of the incident ends of the plurality of optical fibers corresponds to the plurality of measurement points arranged in a one-dimensional manner. The flame spontaneous emission measurement device according to claim 5, wherein the flame self-emission measurement device is one-dimensionally arranged on a surface. 7. The method according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of measurement points are arranged in a matrix.
Each of the incident ends of the plurality of optical fibers is two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix on the light-collecting surface corresponding to the plurality of measurement points arranged two-dimensionally. The flame self-luminous measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: 8. The light emission measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the emission end of one of the plurality of optical fibers is optically connected, and the light emission is measured by a single light measurement. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus includes a device.
The flame self-luminous measurement device according to any one of claims 7 to 7. 9. The self-luminous measurement system includes a plurality of optical measurement devices for measuring the spontaneous emission by optically connecting the emission ends of the plurality of optical fibers, respectively. The flame spontaneous emission measurement device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: 10. The optical measurement apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a spectrometer including: an interference filter that selectively transmits light having a specific selected wavelength; and a photomultiplier that measures light transmitted through the interference filter. The flame self-luminous measuring device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: 11. The flame spontaneous emission measuring device according to claim 10, wherein the optical measuring device includes a plurality of the spectroscopic measuring devices, each of the selected wavelengths having different wavelengths. 12. The high-resolution spectrometer having a diffraction grating for performing spectroscopy and a single or a plurality of multi-anode type photomultipliers for measuring light split by the diffraction grating. The flame self-luminous measuring device according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising: 13. The emission end of each of the plurality of optical fibers is one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally arranged to form an emission surface, and the light emission measurement system is configured to emit the light emission surface by the guided light emission. The flame spontaneous emission measurement device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising a position detection type optical measurement device that detects or captures an optical image formed thereon.