FR2541553A1 - ROTARY HARNESS PROVIDED WITH A DRIVEN ROLLER - Google Patents

Abstract

ROTARY HARROW EQUIPPED WITH A CHASSIS, IN WHICH IS FITTED A PLURALITY OF DRIVEN WORK ORGANS, WHICH ARE ARRANGED ACCORDING TO A ROW, THE CHASSIS BEING SUPPORTED BY A ROLLER WHICH EXTENDS CROSS-WAY IN THE DIRECTION OF THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE MACHINE, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE ROLLER 12 CAN BE DRIVEN FROM AN END BY MEANS OF A DRIVE WHICH INCLUDES AN AXIS 35, 53 WITH CARDAN COUPLINGS 34, 52.

Description

The invention relates to an agricultural machine, provided with a chassis, in which

  is arranged a plurality of driven working members, which are arranged in a row,; e

  chassis being supported by a roller which extends trans-

  vertically in the direction of advancement of the machine. Tillage machines of this kind most often need a relatively large power to be able to carry out the preparation of seedlings,

  especially when the earth is heavy.

  The invention then aims to bring part of the

  power required for the ma-

  china, without this power transmission hindering the possibility of changing the position of the

  support, formed by the machine roller.

  According to the invention, this object is achieved thanks to the fact that the roller can be driven from one end by means of a drive which comprises a

  axle with cardan couplings With such a dis-

  position, an adjustment of the roller relative to the chassis

  the machine becomes possible and thus also a change-

  working depth for the tools, without

  the roller drive is not bothersome.

  Another aspect of the invention relates to the presence of an exchange mechanism in the drive of the roller, so that this drive can be adapted

  weather conditions and the nature of the soil.

  Another aspect of the invention relates to training

  roller, comprising an axis with couplings

  cardan joints, which can itself be driven from

  of the axle of a tractor carrying wheel In this way

  re, it is possible to obtain relatively inexpensively a drive for the roller, capable of providing the latter with a tangential speed which is

  smaller or larger or equal to the speed of the forward

  cementing the machine Adjusting the tangential speed of the roller can reduce the risk if necessary

of land grip.

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  Another aspect of the invention relates to the realization

  sation of the roller, which is provided with teeth in the form of a

  head arranged in different rotation planes In this way the roller can also carry out final tillage in addition to its propulsion function. Other objects and characteristics of the invention

  will appear on reading the description which follows

  with reference to the accompanying drawings which represent

  title of nonlimiting examples some embodiments

  tion of a device according to the invention In these drawings Figure 1 shows a plan view of a

  machine for working the soil, according to the invention.

  FIG. 2 represents, on a larger scale,

  umevue following arrow II of figure 1.

  Figure 3 shows a view along III-III

of figure 1.

  FIG. 4 represents a plan view of a machine for working the soil according to a second mode of

realization of the invention.

  FIG. 5 represents a view along V-V of the

figure 4.

  FIG. 6 represents a plan view of a machine for working the soil, according to a third mode

for carrying out the invention.

  Figure -7 represents, on a larger scale,

  a view along arrow VII of FIG. 6.

  The device shown in the figures relates to a machine for working the soil, in particular intended for the preparation of seedlings The machine comprises a hollow chassis part 1 which extends transversely to the direction of advance A and in which rest, regularly spaced about 25 cm preferably, axes 2 preferably arranged vertically, of rotors 3 The rotors 3 each comprise a substantially horizontal support member 4, which is arranged below the chassis part 1 on the axis 2, which itself protrudes below the part

  chassis 1, said carrier member being provided at its ends

  working organ units 5 which extend downwards

  and which are preferably made in the form of teeth.

  The ends of the hollow frame part 1 are closed by plates 6, which extend upwards

  and substantially parallel to the direction of advance-

  ment A of the machine As shown in FIG. 2, the plates 6 protrude at the front and at the rear and especially on the upper side relatively far outside the chassis part 1 Near the front is formed, on the part

  upper of each plate 6, a pin 7 around the

  which is arranged so as to be able to rotate an arm 8 which extends rearward along the interior side of the plates Near the rear end of each plate 6, each arm 8 has an oblique portion downwards and

  the rear followed by a last sensitive rear part-

  parallel to that which extends from the pin 7 The rear part of the arm 8 is provided with a plate-shaped support 9 which extends obliquely behind and at the bottom Between the lower ends of the plate-shaped supports 9 is arranged a roller 12 by means of an axis 10 respectively 11 and bearings which are housed in bearing housings The roller 12 comprises a tubular part 13 which is provided at its ends with axes 10 and 11 mounted in the aforementioned manner The tubular part 13 is in this embodiment provided with knife-shaped teeth 14, which are grouped by three in different planes of rotation, mutually parallel The teeth 14 are angularly separated from one another by about 1200, while relative to two planes of rotation adjacent to the longitudinal axis of the tubular part 13, which forms the axis of rotation a of the roller 12, they are offset

  about 90 relative to each other (see Figure 1).

  It goes without saying that the number of teeth per group can vary and there can be only two teeth or on the contrary more

  of three teeth per group Also a few teeth

  can be arranged individually in planes

parallel rotation.

  The teeth 14 are plate-shaped and extend practically parallel to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation a of the roller 12 Each of the teeth 14 has one side, which extends substantially radially with respect to the roller 12, and a side which is arranged substantially tangentially. The aforementioned sides of each tooth are interconnected by a side forming the end of the tooth and which is arranged practically on a circle concentric with the roller. The diameter of the tubular part 13 is approximately 40 cm, while the height of each of the teeth 14 is approximately 5 cm, the height of a knife-shaped tooth being at most 1/5 of the diameter of the roller Between the rear ends of the arms- 8, is arranged a connecting bar 15, which Fez of its median part is provided with two legs 16 spaced therebetween Between the legs 16 is mounted free in rotation a connecting rod 17, the other end of which is arranged so as to be able to rotate re plates 18 which are fixed near the upper part at the rear of a goat 19 The goat 19 is arranged near the front and near the middle of the chassis part 1 and is provided, at the front, coupling means for coupling to the three-point lifting device of a tractor In the embodiment shown, the length of the connecting rod 17 is adjustable by means of a threaded sleeve so that the you can adjust the height of the roller 12 and thus the working depth of the rotors 3 It goes without saying that instead of the connecting rod 17, adjustable in length, there may be another means of adjustment for the roller 12 Thus the connecting rod can be threaded or there can be a possibility of adjustment which is obtained by means of threaded rods for each of the arms 8 In the chassis part 1, a rotor 3 is arranged on each axis 2 , a gear 20 with straight teeth, the whole so that two neighboring rotors are driven

  during operation in opposite directions (Figure 1).

  Near the middle of the row of rotors, the axis of a rotor 3 is extended upwards and extends into a gearbox 21, which is arranged in the vicinity of the goat 19 on the upper part of the chassis part 1 In the gearbox 21, a bevel gear 22 is fixed on the extension, which is engaged with a bevel gear 23 of an axis 24, arranged in the gearbox 21 and which s' extends substantially in the direction of travel A The axis 24 projects forward outside the gearbox and can be coupled by means of an intermediate axis 25 to the PTO shaft d 'a tractor The axle 24 also' projects rearwards outside of the gearbox 21 and extends into a gearbox 26 In the gearbox 26, the axle 24 is provided with '' a bevel gear 27 which is engaged with a bevel gear 28, whose diameter is larger and which is arranged on an axis 29, substantially horizontal and transverse to direction of travel A The axle 29 rests in the gearbox 26 and projects on either side outside of the gear bundle In the gearbox 26 is arranged below the axis 29, an axis 30 substantially parallel to said axis 29 and which projects by its two ends outside the gearbox At one end, the two axes 29 and 30 are engaged with each other by means of '' exchangeable or replaceable gears 31 and 32 which have a different diameter and which are arranged in a casing arranged on one of the lateral sides of the box

  26 The casing fitted with the gears exchanged

  bles 31 and 32 form a variable speed drive or exchange system 33 The other end of the lower axis 30, which projects outside the gearbox 26, is connected by means of a universal coupling 34 to an axis 35 itself coupled to an axis 36 by means of another universal coupling 34 The axis 36 is transverse in the direction of travel A and substantially horizontal The axis 36 extends into a box 37, which is fitted on the inside of an arm 8 The universal couplings 34 are preferably of the cardan type In the box 37 the axle is provided with a chain wheel 38 The chain wheel 38 is by means of a chain 39, engaged with a wheel

2541-553

  chain 40 on the axis 11 of the roller 12 As shown in FIG. 1, the chain wheel 40 has a larger diameter

than the chain wheel 38.

  The machine described above operates from the.

  next way. During operation, the machine is coupled by the goat 19 to the three-point lifting device of a tractor and by means of the intermediate axis 35 and of the transmission described above, the rotors 3 and the roller 12 which is arranged behind said rotors, can be driven from the PTO shaft of the tractor As already mentioned, two neighboring rotors 3 rotate in opposite directions during the advancement of the machine according to arrow A ( Figure 1), the teeth 5 of two neighboring rotors working strips of earth at least contiguous The working depth of the rotors 3 is fixed using the roller 12, the position of which relative to the chassis part 1 can be adjusted by means of the connecting rod 17 The drive of the roller 12 is such,

  that it is rotated during operation

  in the direction indicated by arrow B By means of the exchangeable gears 31 and 32 of the speed variator 33, it is possible to give the roller 12 different rotational speeds. Thus, the roller can be driven with a tangential speed which practically corresponds

  at the speed of advancement of the machine It is however

  It is also possible to drive the roller at a smaller or greater tangential speed. As the teeth 14 are provided with a side which extends practically tangentially with respect to the direction of rotation B, it is possible to obtain, next to propellant, also a

  final tillage with the added benefit of a self-cleaning effect.

  The risks of adhesion of the ground are further reduced because the teeth in successive planes of rotation are offset by about 900 relative to each other, and there are only a limited number of teeth A using the driven roller 12, part of the power necessary for propulsion can be supplied by means of the PTO shaft of the tractor. Thanks to the driving connection between the gearboxes 26 and 37, which is formed by

  the axis 35 provided with cardan couplings and which is sensi-

  clearly transverse to the direction of travel A and horizon-

  tal at the level of the upper part of the chassis part 1, each other adjustment of the roller 12 can be carried out without discomfort for the drive In addition, it cannot form a skid and a compact assembly is possible The variable speed drive 33 is easily accessible so that after removing the housing cover,

  the gears 31 and 32 can be exchanged and / or replaced

easily made by others.

  Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment For the parts which correspond to the first embodiment, the same reference numerals have been used In this embodiment, the axis 29 and the gears 27 and 28 are housed in a gearbox 26 A at the rear of the gearbox 21 The speed variator 33 A is arranged on the outside of an arm 8 The speed variator 33 A has a pin 39 A, which is supported on arm 8 and that is

  connected to axis 35 by means of cardan coupling 34.

  In the casing of the speed variator, the axis 39 A is connected, by means of the exchangeable gears 31 and 32, to the axis 30 on which a chain wheel 38 L has been placed in the gearbox. 33 A speed on the outer side of a swivel arm 8, provides even easier access, while despite

  that a compact construction can be preserved.

  In the embodiment according to the invention

  shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the parts which correspond to

  correspond with those of the embodiments described above

  above, are indicated with the same reference numbers-

  In this embodiment, in which the -35 rotors 3 are driven from the PTO shaft of the tractor by way of a gearbox 41 and a speed variator 42 in the same sense that in the previous embodiments, the drive of the roller 12 is different, this coming from the axis of a rear wheel of the tractor For this there is on one side of the roller 12 a box 43 which is arranged on the outer side of an arm 8 In the box 43 is fitted a chain drive which comprises a chain wheel 44 fixed on the axis 10 of the roller 12, a chain 45 and a chain wheel 46 The chain wheel 46 is disposed on an axis 47 which is substantially transverse to the direction of travel A and horizontal The axis 47 extends into a gearbox 48 which is disposed on the bar 15 In this gearbox 48, l axis 47 is provided with a bevel gear 49 which is engaged with a

  larger bevel gear 50 arranged on an axis 51.

  The axle 51 rests in the gearbox 48 and makes

  protruding forward outside said gearbox

  The protruding end of the axis 51 is in a driving connection by a universal coupling 52 of the universal joint type with an axis 53 which extends telescopically forward. The axis 53 is connected to an axis 54 in a

  gearbox 55 by means of a universal coupling

  salt, like another cardan coupling 52 In the gearbox 55, the shaft 54 is engaged by means of a bevel gear 56, with a larger bevel gear 57 The bevel gear 57 is fixed on a shaft 58 which can be hollow, so that this axis can be slid over the end of the axis 59 of the rear carrier wheel of a tractor The casing of the gearbox 55 can be arranged so as to be able to turn relative to the wheel by means of a flange to be fixed on said wheel The upper part of the box

  of gears 55 is provided with a support 60 disposed above

  above the axis, extending rearward and which can be arranged under a stirrup 61 on the upper part of the gearbox 48 The support 60 prevents rotation of the gearbox 55 The operation of the machine according to Figures 6 and 7 is similar to

  that of the machine according to the preceding embodiments

  teeth, but in this embodiment of the drive of the roller 12 which is also driven in direction B, a triple slowdown becomes possible, namely a slowdown by means of the tractor slowdown box, a slowdown in the box d gears 55 which is slid on the end of the axle 59 of the wheel and a slowing down in the gear box 48 In this embodiment, it is possible to obtain in a simple manner, using couplings with

  gimbal, a telescopic pin 53 and a gearbox

  grenages 55 which can be slid on the end of the axle 59 of a rear wheel of a tractor, a drive for the roller 12 which can provide the latter with a tangential speed which is smaller, greater than or equal to the speed advancement de'la machine In this way it is possible with such embodiments to reduce the risk of adhesion of the earth Thus, one can give the roller a higher speed of rotation than that which results from the speed of advance of the machine, so that with the specific arrangement of the teeth 14, it is possible to obtain a significant self-cleaning effect A tractor, in which at least one axle of the load wheel is provided with drive means such as the gearbox gears described above can naturally drive using these drive means also other machines than

the machines described.

25415 3

Claims (19)

  1 machine for working the soil, provided with a frame, in which is arranged a plurality of driven working members, which are arranged in a row, the frame being supported by a roller which extends transversely to the direction of advance of the machine, characterized in that the roller (12) can be driven from one end by means of a drive which has an axis (35, 53) with couplings with gimbal (34, 52).   2 Machine for working the soil according to the resale   dication 1, characterized in that the roller drive includes a speed variator or system exchange (33, 33 A).   3 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in   that the roller drive comprises an axis (53) with cardan couplings (52), said axis being   be driven from a tractor carrying wheel.   4 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in   that the axle (35) provided with cardan couplings (34)   is engaged with a transmission intended for the work bodies (3).   Machine for working the soil according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis (35) provided with cardan couplings (34) extends substantially from the middle of the machine towards one end of the roller.   6 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that   that the axle with cardan couplings is located at   level -a part of the chassis which supports the working-organs.   7 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 4 to 6, characterized in   that the axle with cardan couplings extends   substantially transversely in the direction of the forward   cementation of the machine and substantially horizontal.   8 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that   that the axle fitted with cardan couplings causes a   chain drive on one side of the roller.   9 Machine for working the soil according to one   any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that   that the axle fitted with cardan couplings can be   trailed by means of a variable speed drive (33) which is arranged between an axle (24) which is to be coupled to the PTO shaft of a tractor and said axle fitted with cardan couplings.   Machine for working the soil according to claim 9, characterized in that the variable speed drive is located between the axis provided with couplings to   gimbal and chain transmission.   11 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 2 to 8, characterized in   that the variable speed drive has two exchangeable or replaceable gears (31, 32) and two axes   (29, 30) which are located one above the other, tan-   say that the upper axle can be driven directly from the PTO shaft of a tractor, and that the lower axle is engaged with the axle provided with cardan couplings.   12 soil working machine according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a gearbox (55) which can be removably arranged on the axis of the carrier wheel and which comprises   an axis (54) to which is connected the axis (53) provided with couplings cardan joints.   13 Machine for working the soil according to the   claim 12, characterized in that the gearbox   swims (55) includes a hollow shaft (58) which can be   slid on the axle (59) of the carrier wheel.   14 Tillage machine according to the   claim 13, characterized in that the gearbox   granules can be arranged so that they can rotate with respect to the load wheel.   Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 12 to 14, characterized in   a support (60) is provided, which can be connected to the machine frame, so as to prevent any   S rotation of the gearbox during operation.   16 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of the preceding claims, characterized   in that the roller (12) is provided with knife-shaped teeth (14) which are arranged in different planes of rotation.   17 Soil working machine according to the resale   dication 16, characterized in that the teeth have a height which is at most equal to about 1/5 of the diameter of the roller.   18 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 16 and 17, characterized   in that the knife-shaped teeth are formed   of plates which extend substantially perpendicularly   cular to the axis of rotation of the roller.   19 machine for working the soil according to claim 18, characterized in that the knife-shaped teeth of two neighboring planes of rotation are offset by about 90 relative to each other around of the axis of rotation of the roller.   20 Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 16 to 19, characterized   in that a knife-shaped tooth has one side   practically radial and a practically tangential side.   21 Machine for working the soil according to the   claim 20, characterized in that the practical side   tangentially located on the front side of the tooth by   relative to the direction of rotation of the roller.   22 Agricultural tractor intended to be used with a soil-working machine according to any one   of the preceding claims, characterized in that   the axis (59) of at least one carrying wheel is provided with means with which it is possible to carry out a drive for the machine.