EP3595852B1 - Cutting device and method of operating it - Google Patents

Cutting device and method of operating it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3595852B1
EP3595852B1 EP18721375.6A EP18721375A EP3595852B1 EP 3595852 B1 EP3595852 B1 EP 3595852B1 EP 18721375 A EP18721375 A EP 18721375A EP 3595852 B1 EP3595852 B1 EP 3595852B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shearing
lower blade
measured
cylinder
measurement
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EP18721375.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3595852A1 (en
Inventor
Hanns Peter Spaniol
Thorsten MAYWALD
Timo FINKEN
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Heusch GmbH and Co KG
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Heusch GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3595852A1 publication Critical patent/EP3595852A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/34—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut
    • B26D1/38—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut and coacting with a fixed blade or other fixed member
    • B26D1/385—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut and coacting with a fixed blade or other fixed member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/02—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C13/00—Shearing, clipping or cropping surfaces of textile fabrics; Pile cutting; Trimming seamed edges
    • D06C13/04—Shearing lace or embroidery, e.g. cutting loose threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D11/00—Combinations of several similar cutting apparatus
    • B26D2011/005—Combinations of several similar cutting apparatus in combination with different kind of cutters, e.g. two serial slitters in combination with a transversal cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2628—Means for adjusting the position of the cutting member

Definitions

  • the invention relates first to a method for operating a cutting tool with a shear cylinder rotating about a longitudinal axis and with shear spirals mounted on the shear cylinder, with a lower blade carrier which carries a lower blade extending parallel to the longitudinal axis, a condition of the cutting tool being measured, and with each Shear spiral a shear point at which a cut material guided between the shear spiral and the lower blade is sheared tangentially to the shear cylinder and migrates continuously from an inlet end to an outlet end of the lower blade.
  • the invention also relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • Such methods and cutting tools are used to shear the surface of flat goods such as textiles, carpets, hides and furs in order to produce, in particular, a uniform pile height or fiber length.
  • the cutting tool with the helical shear spirals drawn onto the shear cylinder is installed as a unit in a shearing machine.
  • the shear cylinder with the shear spirals rotates tangentially against the lower blade.
  • the shear spirals run over the cutting edge of the lower knife and form a continuous scissor cut along the cutting path at the lower edge.
  • the flat goods are brought up to the cutting edge via a shear table of the shearing machine in such a way that fiber portions protruding over the desired pile height are guided between the shear spiral and the lower blade and cut off.
  • the operating state of the cutting tool is essentially assessed by the operating personnel on the basis of cutting samples, the career created by the interaction of the shear cylinder and lower blade, and on the basis of characteristic running noises of the shearing machine.
  • the operating personnel usually make corrections manually; in particular, the position of the lower blade in relation to the shear cylinder is set by means of clamping brackets, adjusting screws or other mechanical adjustment devices.
  • WO 95/31596 A1 U.S. 5,379,497 A and U.S. 3,941,986 A suggest that the height of the cutting gap between the lower knife and the shear cylinder be measured on the cutting tool and adjusted depending on the measurement results.
  • EP 1 798 011 A1 proposed measuring the pressure forces, distances or temperatures as well as changes in position acting between the cutting and opposing rollers in a rotary cutting machine.
  • EP 1 442 652 B1 and EP 1 080 629 B1 propose to measure an oscillation of the lower blade or a current flowing through the cutting gap due to the impact of sparks on a chopper, to determine the height of the cutting gap from this and to readjust it if necessary.
  • EP 0 172 467 A2 suggests using proximity sensors to measure the height of the cutting gap on a harvesting machine.
  • the invention is based on the object of measuring the operating state of the cutting tool.
  • the state between the lower blade and the lower blade carrier is measured.
  • the measuring elements are on the one hand very close to the shear point between the lower knife and the shear cylinder - i.e. at the most important and sensitive point of the cutting tool for assessing the operating condition, but on the other hand they are separated from all moving parts and from the flat goods and protected from influences during the operation of the shearing machine .
  • the measurement preferably comprises a vibration measurement.
  • the mechanical sliding of the shear spirals on the The lower blade generates vibrations during the shearing operation, which continue in the components of the cutting tool. These vibrations are the cause of the characteristic noises on the basis of which the operating personnel assess the operating status in the prior art.
  • the balance quality of the shear cylinder, the number of spirals and their impact on the shear cylinder can be determined on the basis of the vibration pattern.
  • operating-critical conditions such as loosened shear spirals can be recognized at an early stage on the basis of characteristic vibration patterns, before further damage occurs to the cutting tool.
  • the vibration at the inlet end is also preferably measured.
  • the end of the lower blade in the longitudinal direction of the shear cylinder, at which the shear spirals interact with the lower blade for the first time during operation, is referred to as the inlet end.
  • the shear spirals are particularly vulnerable to breakage at this point due to contact with the lower blade.
  • the measurement preferably comprises a temperature measurement.
  • the lower blade is in operation of the shearing machine by the friction in the shear point between the lower blade and the shear spirals. warmed up. Temperatures well above 100 ° C can arise here, which can impair the fabric and destroy the bottom blade. The temperature is therefore an essential characteristic of a cutting tool that works optimally. Temperatures that are too high on the lower blade can result from excessive contact pressure between the lower blade and the shear spiral, too wide a track of the shear spirals on the lower blade, insufficient or missing lubrication of the contact line on the lower blade and excessive cutting speeds on the shear cylinder.
  • the temperature at the outlet end is also preferably measured. This is where insufficient lubrication takes effect first.
  • the measurement preferably comprises a force measurement. Static incorrect settings in the position of the shear cylinder in relation to the lower blade and deviations in the longitudinal axis of the shear cylinder horizontally or vertically from the position parallel to the cutting path are identified via the pressure force between the lower knife and the lower knife carrier.
  • the measurement of the pressure forces simplifies setting work for initial commissioning, maintenance, servicing and recommissioning after repairs and machine downtimes.
  • the dynamic measurement of the pressure forces enables the condition of the cutting tool to be assessed during operation.
  • precise data on cutting behavior and service requirements can be determined.
  • the force is also preferably measured at the inlet end, at the outlet end and between the inlet end and the outlet end.
  • the combination of these three measured values enables statements to be made about the parallelism of the shear cylinder and lower knife as well as the curvature of the cutting path.
  • the condition of the cutting tool can be described more precisely by measuring the force at other points.
  • the measured state is preferably transmitted to an evaluation device.
  • the transmission to a common evaluation device enables the correlation of different measured values, the storage of measured values and thus the analysis of developments over time as well as the creation of forecasts.
  • the state is further preferably transmitted in an analog or digital manner in a wireless manner.
  • the wireless transmission in particular via a cellular network to a central server, allows the use of an infrastructure that is available across the board in industrialized countries.
  • the evaluation device further evaluates the state and creates an instruction for changing a geometric position of the shear cylinder and / or the lower cutter.
  • the existing measurement data and the instructions for the operating personnel obtained from them can be prepared for output on the screen of a machine control system. Static and dynamic operating states can be described and visualized on the basis of the measurement data.
  • the position is further preferably changed automatically in such a method according to the invention.
  • the machine control can regulate to defined target states and keep the operation of the machine within defined limits.
  • a drive torque for rotating the shear cylinder is preferably measured and included in the evaluation.
  • the shear cylinder is driven by an electric motor.
  • the drive power is controlled or regulated by a converter, which frequently records deviations or fluctuations in the power requirement, documents them and makes them available for further processing.
  • the measuring elements are arranged between the lower blade and the lower blade carrier.
  • the cutting tool according to the invention enables the method according to the invention to be carried out and is also distinguished by the advantages explained above.
  • the measuring elements are preferably attached to the lower knife carrier. As far as the lower knife carrier from one If there is machine steel, the attachment of the measuring elements there is associated with significantly less effort than on the hardened bottom knife.
  • the method according to the invention and the cutting tool according to the invention simplify the initial start-up, the machine start-up after maintenance, repairs, repairs and service measures, enable static and dynamic condition monitoring, the optimization of cutting parameters and cutting performance as well as static and dynamic damage prevention and collision or accident monitoring.
  • the cutting tool 1 has a longitudinal axis 2, a shear cylinder 3, a lower blade carrier 4 with a lower blade 5.
  • the shear cylinder 3 is mounted at the inlet end 6 and at the outlet end 7 in each case by means of a traversing bearing 8 in a bearing seat (not shown) so that it can rotate about the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the lower blade carrier 4 has twelve bores 9, in each of which a pressure sensor 10 is inserted.
  • the pressure sensors 10 are in contact with the lower knife 5 and each measure the pressure force acting between the lower knife 5 and the lower knife carrier 4.
  • the lower cutter 5 has an acceleration sensor 11 and at the outlet end 7 a temperature sensor 12.
  • the acceleration sensor 11 measures the vibration and the temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the cutting tool 1.
  • Twenty-four helical shear spirals 13 are fixed on the shear cylinder 3 at the inlet end 6 and at the outlet end 7 by means of a plate 14 which is secured by means of a side plate 15.
  • the shear cylinder 3 with the shear spirals 13 rotates around the longitudinal axis 2 in such a way that a shear point 16, at which the shear spiral 13 contacts the lower blade 5, moves continuously from the inlet end 6 to the outlet end 7.
  • the state of the cutting tool 1 is recorded in static and dynamic operation, stored in a machine control, from there on via a cellular network transmitted to a server and interpreted there by means of an expert system.
  • the machine control, the cellular network and the server are not shown.
  • the expert system determines setting parameters for optimizing the cutting performance and the general status of the cutting tool 1 and transmits these back to the machine control.
  • the machine control automatically changes the speed of the shear cylinder 3, the geometric position of the shear cylinder 3 and / or the lower cutter 5 on the basis of the setting parameters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Schneidzeugs mit einem um eine Längsachse rotierenden Scherzylinder und auf dem Scherzylinder angebrachten Scherspiralen, mit einem Untermesserträger, der ein parallel zu der Längsachse verlaufendes Untermesser trägt, wobei ein Zustand des Schneidzeugs gemessen wird, und wobei an jeder Scherspirale ein Scherpunkt, in dem ein zwischen Scherspirale und Untermesser geführtes Schnittgut tangential zu dem Scherzylinder abgeschert wird, kontinuierlich von einem Einlaufende zu einem Auslaufende des Untermessers wandert. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Schneidzeug gemäss Oberbegriff von Anspruch 13.The invention relates first to a method for operating a cutting tool with a shear cylinder rotating about a longitudinal axis and with shear spirals mounted on the shear cylinder, with a lower blade carrier which carries a lower blade extending parallel to the longitudinal axis, a condition of the cutting tool being measured, and with each Shear spiral a shear point at which a cut material guided between the shear spiral and the lower blade is sheared tangentially to the shear cylinder and migrates continuously from an inlet end to an outlet end of the lower blade. The invention also relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of claim 13.

Solche Verfahren und Schneidzeuge werden zum Scheren der Oberfläche von Flächenware wie Textilien, Teppichen, Fellen und Pelzen verwendet, um insbesondere eine gleichmäßige Florhöhe bzw. Faserlänge zu erzeugen. Das Schneidzeug mit den auf den Scherzylinder aufgezogenen helixförmigen Scherspiralen wird als Einheit in eine Schermaschine eingebaut. Im Betrieb der Schermaschine rotiert der Scherzylinder mit den Scherspiralen tangential gegen das Untermesser. Die Scherspiralen laufen über die Schneidkante des Untermessers und bilden entlang der Schneidbahn an der Unterkante einen fortlaufenden Scherenschnitt. Die Flächenware wird über einen Schertisch der Schermaschine derart an die Schneidkante herangeführt, dass über die gewünschte Florhöhe überstehende Faseranteile zwischen Scherspirale und Untermesser geführt und abgetrennt werden.Such methods and cutting tools are used to shear the surface of flat goods such as textiles, carpets, hides and furs in order to produce, in particular, a uniform pile height or fiber length. The cutting tool with the helical shear spirals drawn onto the shear cylinder is installed as a unit in a shearing machine. When the shearing machine is in operation, the shear cylinder with the shear spirals rotates tangentially against the lower blade. The shear spirals run over the cutting edge of the lower knife and form a continuous scissor cut along the cutting path at the lower edge. The flat goods are brought up to the cutting edge via a shear table of the shearing machine in such a way that fiber portions protruding over the desired pile height are guided between the shear spiral and the lower blade and cut off.

Der Betriebszustand des Schneidzeugs wird in den bekannten Verfahren im Wesentlichen durch das Bedienpersonal anhand von Schnittproben, der durch das Zusammenwirken von Scherzylinder und Untermesser entstandenen Laufbahn und von anhand von charakteristischen Laufgeräuschen der Schermaschine beurteilt. Korrekturen nimmt das Bedienpersonal zumeist manuell vor, insbesondere wird die Position des Untermessers zum Scherzylinder durch Spannbügel, Stellschrauben oder andere mechanische Verstelleinrichtungen eingestellt.In the known methods, the operating state of the cutting tool is essentially assessed by the operating personnel on the basis of cutting samples, the career created by the interaction of the shear cylinder and lower blade, and on the basis of characteristic running noises of the shearing machine. The operating personnel usually make corrections manually; in particular, the position of the lower blade in relation to the shear cylinder is set by means of clamping brackets, adjusting screws or other mechanical adjustment devices.

WO 95/31596 A1 , US 5,379,497 A und US 3,941,986 A schlagen vor, am Schneidzeug die Höhe des Schneidspalts zwischen Untermesser und Scherzylinder zu messen und abhängig von den Messergebnissen einzustellen. WO 95/31596 A1 , U.S. 5,379,497 A and U.S. 3,941,986 A suggest that the height of the cutting gap between the lower knife and the shear cylinder be measured on the cutting tool and adjusted depending on the measurement results.

Im Hintergrund der Erfindung schlägt EP 1 798 011 A1 vor, in einer Rotationsschneidmaschine die zwischen Schneid- und Gegenwalze wirkenden Andruckkräfte, Abstände oder Temperaturen sowie Positionsänderungen zu messen. EP 1 442 652 B1 und EP 1 080 629 B1 schlagen vor, an einem Häcksler eine Schwingung des Untermessers bzw. einen durch Funkenschlag über den Schneidspalt fließenden Strom zu messen, daraus die Höhe des Schneidspalts zu ermitteln und diesen ggf. nachzustellen. EP 0 172 467 A2 schlägt vor, an einer Erntemaschine die Höhe des Schneidspalts durch Näherungssensoren zu messen.In the background of the invention suggests EP 1 798 011 A1 proposed measuring the pressure forces, distances or temperatures as well as changes in position acting between the cutting and opposing rollers in a rotary cutting machine. EP 1 442 652 B1 and EP 1 080 629 B1 propose to measure an oscillation of the lower blade or a current flowing through the cutting gap due to the impact of sparks on a chopper, to determine the height of the cutting gap from this and to readjust it if necessary. EP 0 172 467 A2 suggests using proximity sensors to measure the height of the cutting gap on a harvesting machine.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen betreffen die Temperatur des Untermessers und die Schallemissionen der Schneidmaschine.Scientific investigations concern the temperature of the lower blade and the noise emissions of the cutting machine.

Aufgabetask

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Betriebszustand des Schneidzeugs zu messen.The invention is based on the object of measuring the operating state of the cutting tool.

Lösungsolution

Ausgehend von den bekannten Verfahren wird nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, dass der Zustand zwischen Untermesser und Untermesserträger gemessen wird. Zwischen Untermesser und Untermesserträger sind die Messelemente einerseits sehr nah am Scherpunkt zwischen Untermesser und Scherzylinder - also an der zur Beurteilung des Betriebszustands wichtigsten und sensibelsten Stelle des Schneidzeugs, andererseits aber von allen beweglichen Teilen und von der Flächenware getrennt und vor Einflüssen im Betrieb der Schermaschine geschützt.Based on the known method, it is proposed according to the invention that the state between the lower blade and the lower blade carrier is measured. Between the lower knife and the lower knife carrier, the measuring elements are on the one hand very close to the shear point between the lower knife and the shear cylinder - i.e. at the most important and sensitive point of the cutting tool for assessing the operating condition, but on the other hand they are separated from all moving parts and from the flat goods and protected from influences during the operation of the shearing machine .

Vorzugsweise umfasst in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Messung eine Schwingungsmessung. Das mechanische Abgleiten der Scherspiralen auf dem Untermesser erzeugt während des Scherbetriebes Schwingungen die sich in den Bauteilen des Schneidzeuges fortsetzen. Diese Schwingungen sind die Ursache der charakteristischen Geräusche, anhand derer im Stand der Technik das Bedienpersonal den Betriebszustand beurteilt.In a method according to the invention, the measurement preferably comprises a vibration measurement. The mechanical sliding of the shear spirals on the The lower blade generates vibrations during the shearing operation, which continue in the components of the cutting tool. These vibrations are the cause of the characteristic noises on the basis of which the operating personnel assess the operating status in the prior art.

Anhand der Schwingungsmuster lässt sich die Wuchtgüte des Scherzylinders, die Anzahl der Spiralen und deren Hiebausprägung auf dem Scherzylinder bestimmen. Zudem können anhand charakteristischer Schwingungsbilder betriebskritische Zustände wie gelockerte Scherspiralen frühzeitig erkannt werden, bevor weitere Schäden am Schneidzeug entstehen.The balance quality of the shear cylinder, the number of spirals and their impact on the shear cylinder can be determined on the basis of the vibration pattern. In addition, operating-critical conditions such as loosened shear spirals can be recognized at an early stage on the basis of characteristic vibration patterns, before further damage occurs to the cutting tool.

Weiter vorzugsweise wird in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Schwingung an dem Einlaufende gemessen. Als Einlaufende wird das Ende des Untermessers in Längsrichtung des Scherzylinders bezeichnet, an dem die Scherspiralen im Betrieb erstmalig mit dem Untermesser zusammenwirken. Durch Kontakte zum Untermesser sind an dieser Stelle die Scherspiralen besonders bruchgefährdet.In such a method according to the invention, the vibration at the inlet end is also preferably measured. The end of the lower blade in the longitudinal direction of the shear cylinder, at which the shear spirals interact with the lower blade for the first time during operation, is referred to as the inlet end. The shear spirals are particularly vulnerable to breakage at this point due to contact with the lower blade.

Vorzugsweise umfasst in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Messung eine Temperaturmessung. Das Untermesser wird im Betrieb der Schermaschine durch die Reibung im Scherpunkt zwischen Untermesser und den Scherspiralen. erwärmt. Hier können Temperaturen weit über 100 °C entstehen, die zur Beeinträchtigung der Flächenware und zur Zerstörung des Untermessers führen. Die Temperatur ist also ein wesentliches Merkmal eines optimal wirkenden Schneidzeuges. Zu hohe Temperaturen am Untermesser können insbesondere entstehen durch zu hohe Anpresskräfte zwischen Untermesser und Scherspirale, eine zu breite Laufbahn der Scherspiralen auf dem Untermesser, mangelnde oder fehlende Schmierung der Berührungslinie auf dem Untermesser und durch zu hohe Schnittgeschwindigkeiten am Scherzylinder.In a method according to the invention, the measurement preferably comprises a temperature measurement. The lower blade is in operation of the shearing machine by the friction in the shear point between the lower blade and the shear spirals. warmed up. Temperatures well above 100 ° C can arise here, which can impair the fabric and destroy the bottom blade. The temperature is therefore an essential characteristic of a cutting tool that works optimally. Temperatures that are too high on the lower blade can result from excessive contact pressure between the lower blade and the shear spiral, too wide a track of the shear spirals on the lower blade, insufficient or missing lubrication of the contact line on the lower blade and excessive cutting speeds on the shear cylinder.

Weiter vorzugsweise wird in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Temperatur an dem Auslaufende gemessen. An dieser Stelle wirkt sich mangelnde Schmierung zuerst aus.In such a method according to the invention, the temperature at the outlet end is also preferably measured. This is where insufficient lubrication takes effect first.

Vorzugsweise umfasst in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Messung eine Kraftmessung. Über die Druckkraft zwischen Untermesser und Untermesserträger werden statische Fehleinstellungen in der Lage des Scherzylinders zum Untermesser und Abweichungen der Längsachse des Scherzylinders horizontal oder vertikal von der parallelen Lage zur Schneidbahn identifiziert. Die Messung der Druckkräfte vereinfacht Einstellarbeiten bei Erstinbetriebnahme, Wartung, Instandhaltung und Wiederinbetriebnahme nach Reparaturen und Maschinenstillstandzeiten.In a method according to the invention, the measurement preferably comprises a force measurement. Static incorrect settings in the position of the shear cylinder in relation to the lower blade and deviations in the longitudinal axis of the shear cylinder horizontally or vertically from the position parallel to the cutting path are identified via the pressure force between the lower knife and the lower knife carrier. The measurement of the pressure forces simplifies setting work for initial commissioning, maintenance, servicing and recommissioning after repairs and machine downtimes.

Die dynamische Messung der Druckkräfte ermöglicht eine Beurteilung des Zustands des Schneidzeugs im laufenden Betrieb. In Kombination mit den gemessenen Werten aus Temperaturveränderung, Körperschall und Drehmoment lassen sich präzise Daten zum Schneidverhalten bis hin zum Servicebedarf ermitteln.The dynamic measurement of the pressure forces enables the condition of the cutting tool to be assessed during operation. In combination with the measured values from temperature change, structure-borne noise and torque, precise data on cutting behavior and service requirements can be determined.

Weiter vorzugsweise wird in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Kraft am Einlaufende, am Auslaufende sowie zwischen Einlaufende und Auslaufende gemessen. Die Kombination dieser drei Messwerte ermöglicht Aussagen zur Parallelität von Scherzylinder und Untermesser sowie zur Krümmung der Schneidbahn. Durch Messungen der Kraft an weiteren Stellen kann der Zustand des Schneidzeugs genauer beschrieben werden.In such a method according to the invention, the force is also preferably measured at the inlet end, at the outlet end and between the inlet end and the outlet end. The combination of these three measured values enables statements to be made about the parallelism of the shear cylinder and lower knife as well as the curvature of the cutting path. The condition of the cutting tool can be described more precisely by measuring the force at other points.

Vorzugsweise wird in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der gemessene Zustand an eine Auswerteeinrichtung übermittelt. Die Übermittlung in eine gemeinsame Auswerteeinrichtung ermöglicht die Korrelation verschiedener Messwerte, die Speicherung von Messwerten und damit die Analyse von zeitlichen Entwicklungen sowie die Erstellung von Prognosen.In a method according to the invention, the measured state is preferably transmitted to an evaluation device. The transmission to a common evaluation device enables the correlation of different measured values, the storage of measured values and thus the analysis of developments over time as well as the creation of forecasts.

Weiter vorzugsweise wird in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Zustand analog oder digital drahtlos übermittelt. Die drahtlose Übermittlung insbesondere über ein Mobilfunknetz an einen zentralen Server erlaubt die Nutzung einer in Industriestaaten flächendeckend vorhandenen Infrastruktur.In such a method according to the invention, the state is further preferably transmitted in an analog or digital manner in a wireless manner. The wireless transmission, in particular via a cellular network to a central server, allows the use of an infrastructure that is available across the board in industrialized countries.

Vorzugsweise wertet weiterhin in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Auswerteeinrichtung den Zustand aus und erstellt eine Anweisung zum Ändern einer geometrischen Position des Scherzylinders und/oder des Untermessers. Die vorliegenden Messdaten und die daraus gewonnenen Handlungsanweisungen für das Bedienpersonal können zur Ausgabe am Bildschirm einer Maschinensteuerung aufbereitet werden. Anhand der Messdaten können statische und dynamische Betriebszustände beschrieben und visualisiert werden.Preferably, in such a method according to the invention, the evaluation device further evaluates the state and creates an instruction for changing a geometric position of the shear cylinder and / or the lower cutter. The existing measurement data and the instructions for the operating personnel obtained from them can be prepared for output on the screen of a machine control system. Static and dynamic operating states can be described and visualized on the basis of the measurement data.

Weiter vorzugsweise wird in einem solchen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Position automatisch geändert. Die Maschinensteuerung kann mit diesen Messdaten auf definierte Sollzustände regeln und den Betrieb der Maschine in festgelegten Grenzen halten.The position is further preferably changed automatically in such a method according to the invention. With this measurement data, the machine control can regulate to defined target states and keep the operation of the machine within defined limits.

Vorzugsweise wird in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Antriebsmoment zum Rotieren des Scherzylinders gemessen und in die Auswertung einbezogen. Der Scherzylinder wird in üblichen Schermaschinen durch einen Elektromotor angetrieben. Die Antriebsleistung wird durch einen Umrichter gesteuert bzw. geregelt, der häufig Abweichungen oder Schwankungen im Leistungsbedarf erfasst, dokumentiert und zur weiteren Verarbeitung bereitstellt. Diese Daten lassen sich über Hard- und Softwareschnittstellen schnell und einfach auslesen und erlauben - insbesondere in Kombination mit den zuvor beschriebenen Messungen von Schwingungszuständen, Temperatur und Druckkraft zwischen Untermesser und Untermesserträger - umfangreiche Rückschlüsse auf den Betriebszustand.In a method according to the invention, a drive torque for rotating the shear cylinder is preferably measured and included in the evaluation. In conventional clippers, the shear cylinder is driven by an electric motor. The drive power is controlled or regulated by a converter, which frequently records deviations or fluctuations in the power requirement, documents them and makes them available for further processing. These data can be read out quickly and easily via hardware and software interfaces and allow - especially in combination with the measurements of vibration states, temperature and compressive force between the lower blade and the lower blade carrier described above - extensive conclusions to be drawn about the operating status.

Ausgehend von dem bekannten Schneidzeug wird nach der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, dass die Messelemente zwischen Untermesser und Untermesserträger angeordnet sind. Das erfindungsgemäße Schneidzeug ermöglicht die Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und zeichnet sich gleichermaßen durch dessen vorstehend erläuterte Vorteile aus.Based on the known cutting tool, it is proposed according to the invention that the measuring elements are arranged between the lower blade and the lower blade carrier. The cutting tool according to the invention enables the method according to the invention to be carried out and is also distinguished by the advantages explained above.

Vorzugsweise sind in einem erfindungsgemäße Schneidzeug die Messelemente an dem Untermesserträger angebracht. Soweit der Untermesserträger aus einem Maschinenstahl besteht, ist die Anbringung der Messelemente dort mit einem deutlich geringeren Aufwand verbunden, als an dem gehärteten Untermesser.In a cutting tool according to the invention, the measuring elements are preferably attached to the lower knife carrier. As far as the lower knife carrier from one If there is machine steel, the attachment of the measuring elements there is associated with significantly less effort than on the hardened bottom knife.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und das erfindungsgemäße Schneidzeug vereinfachen die Erstinbetriebnahme, den Maschinenanlauf nach Instandhaltungen, Instandsetzungen, Reparaturen und Servicemaßnahmen, ermöglichen eine statische und dynamische Zustandsüberwachung, die Optimierung der Schneidparameter und der Schnittleistung sowie eine statische und dynamische Schadensprävention und Kollisions- bzw. Havarieüberwachung.The method according to the invention and the cutting tool according to the invention simplify the initial start-up, the machine start-up after maintenance, repairs, repairs and service measures, enable static and dynamic condition monitoring, the optimization of cutting parameters and cutting performance as well as static and dynamic damage prevention and collision or accident monitoring.

AusführungsbeispielEmbodiment

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Schneidzeug und
Fig. 2
ein Detail desselben.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment. Show it
Fig. 1
a cutting tool according to the invention and
Fig. 2
a detail of the same.

Das in Figur 1 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Schneidzeug 1 weist eine Längsachse 2, einen Scherzylinder 3, einen Untermesserträger 4 mit einem Untermesser 5 auf. Der Scherzylinder 3 ist am Einlaufende 6 und am Auslaufende 7 jeweils mittels eines Changierlagers 8 in einem nicht dargestellten Lagersitz um die Längsachse 2 rotierbar gelagert.This in Figure 1 The cutting tool 1 according to the invention shown has a longitudinal axis 2, a shear cylinder 3, a lower blade carrier 4 with a lower blade 5. The shear cylinder 3 is mounted at the inlet end 6 and at the outlet end 7 in each case by means of a traversing bearing 8 in a bearing seat (not shown) so that it can rotate about the longitudinal axis 2.

Der Untermesserträger 4 weist zwölf Bohrungen 9 auf, in denen jeweils ein Drucksensor 10 eingesetzt ist. Die Drucksensoren 10 liegen an dem Untermesser 5 an und messen jeweils die zwischen Untermesser 5 und Untermesserträger 4 wirkende Druckkraft.The lower blade carrier 4 has twelve bores 9, in each of which a pressure sensor 10 is inserted. The pressure sensors 10 are in contact with the lower knife 5 and each measure the pressure force acting between the lower knife 5 and the lower knife carrier 4.

Am Einlaufende 6 weist der Untermesser 5 einen Beschleunigungssensor 11 und am Auslaufende 7 einen Temperatursensor 12 auf. Der Beschleunigungssensor11 misst die Schwingung und der Temperatursensor 12 die Temperatur des Schneidzeugs 1.At the inlet end 6, the lower cutter 5 has an acceleration sensor 11 and at the outlet end 7 a temperature sensor 12. The acceleration sensor 11 measures the vibration and the temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the cutting tool 1.

Vierundzwanzig helixförmige Scherspiralen 13 sind auf dem Scherzylinder 3 jeweils am Einlaufende 6 und am Auslaufende 7 mittels einer Plette 14 fixiert, die mittels einer Seitenplatte 15 gesichert ist.Twenty-four helical shear spirals 13 are fixed on the shear cylinder 3 at the inlet end 6 and at the outlet end 7 by means of a plate 14 which is secured by means of a side plate 15.

Im Betrieb des Schneidzeugs 1 rotiert der Scherzylinder 3 mit den Scherspiralen 13 derart um die Längsachse 2, dass ein Scherpunkt 16, in dem die Scherspirale 13 das Untermesser 5 berührt, kontinuierlich von dem Einlaufende 6 zu dem Auslaufende 7 wandert.When the cutting tool 1 is in operation, the shear cylinder 3 with the shear spirals 13 rotates around the longitudinal axis 2 in such a way that a shear point 16, at which the shear spiral 13 contacts the lower blade 5, moves continuously from the inlet end 6 to the outlet end 7.

Anhand der von den Drucksensoren 10, dem Beschleunigungssensor 11 und dem Temperatursensor 12 gemessenen Werte sowie anhand des Antriebsmoments und der Drehzahl des Scherzylinders 3 wird der Zustand des Schneidzeugs 1 im statischen und dynamischen Betrieb erfasst, in einer Maschinensteuerung gespeichert, von dieser über ein Mobilfunknetz an einen Server übermittelt und dort mittels eines Expertensystems interpretiert. Die Maschinensteuerung, das Mobilfunknetz und der Server sind nicht dargestellt.On the basis of the values measured by the pressure sensors 10, the acceleration sensor 11 and the temperature sensor 12 as well as on the basis of the drive torque and the speed of the shear cylinder 3, the state of the cutting tool 1 is recorded in static and dynamic operation, stored in a machine control, from there on via a cellular network transmitted to a server and interpreted there by means of an expert system. The machine control, the cellular network and the server are not shown.

Basierend auf der Interpretation der Zustandswerte ermittelt das Expertensystem Einstellparameter zur Optimierung der Schneidleistung und des generellen Zustands des Schneidzeugs 1 und übermittelt diese zurück an die Maschinensteuerung. Die Maschinensteuerung ändert anhand der Einstellparameter automatisch die Drehzahl des Scherzylinders 3, die geometrische Position des Scherzylinders 3 und/oder des Untermessers 5.Based on the interpretation of the status values, the expert system determines setting parameters for optimizing the cutting performance and the general status of the cutting tool 1 and transmits these back to the machine control. The machine control automatically changes the speed of the shear cylinder 3, the geometric position of the shear cylinder 3 and / or the lower cutter 5 on the basis of the setting parameters.

In den Figuren sind

1
Schneidzeug
2
Längsachse
3
Scherzylinder
4
Untermesserträger
5
Untermesser
6
Einlaufende
7
Auslaufende
8
Changierlager
9
Bohrung
10
Drucksensor
11
Beschleunigungssensor
12
Temperatursensor
13
Scherspirale
14
Plette
15
Seitenplatte
16
Scherpunkt
In the figures are
1
Cutting tools
2
Longitudinal axis
3
Shear cylinder
4th
Lower blade carrier
5
Lower knife
6th
Incoming
7th
Expiring
8th
Traversing bearings
9
drilling
10
Pressure sensor
11
Accelerometer
12th
Temperature sensor
13th
Shear spiral
14th
Plette
15th
Side plate
16
Center of gravity

Claims (14)

  1. Method for operation of a shearing device (1) with a shearing cylinder (3) rotating about a longitudinal axis (2) and shearing spirals (13) mounted on the shearing cylinder (3), a lower blade support (4) supporting a lower blade (5) extending in parallel to the longitudinal axis (2), wherein a condition of the shearing device (1) is measured, and wherein a shearing point (16) on each shearing spiral (13) in which a material to be sheared that is guided between shearing spiral (13) and lower blade (5) is sheared tangentially to the shearing cylinder (3) moves continuously from an infeed end (6) to an outfeed end (7) of the lower blade (5), characterized in that the condition is measured between the lower blade (5) and the lower blade support (4).
  2. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the measurement comprises a vibration measurement.
  3. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the vibration is measured at the infeed end (6).
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measurement comprises a temperature measurement.
  5. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the temperature is measured at the outfeed end (7).
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measurement comprises a force measurement.
  7. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the force is measured at the infeed end (6), at the outfeed end (7) and between the infeed end (6) and the outfeed end (7).
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measured condition is transmitted to an evaluation device.
  9. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the condition is transmitted wirelessly.
  10. Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the evaluation device evaluates the condition and generates an instruction to change the geometric position of the shearing cylinder (3) und/or the lower blade (5).
  11. Method according to the previous claim, characterized in that the position is changed automatically.
  12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive torque to rotate the shearing cylinder (3) is measured and is included in the evaluation.
  13. Shearing device (1) with a carrier device, a shearing cylinder (3) rotatable at the carrier device about a longitudinal axis (2) and shearing spirals (13) mounted on the shearing cylinder (3), with a lower blade support (4) supporting a lower blade (5) extending in parallel to the longitudinal axis (2), and with measurement elements to measure a condition of the shearing device (1), wherein during rotation of the shearing cylinder (3) at each shearing spiral (13) a shearing point (16) in which a material to be sheared guided between shearing spiral (13) and lower blade (5) is sheared tangentially to the shearing cylinder (3) moves continuously from an infeed end (6) to an outfeed end (7) of the lower blade (5), characterized in that the measuring elements are arranged between the lower blade (5) and the lower blade support (4).
  14. Shearing device (1) according to the previous claim, characterized in that the measurement elements are arranged on the lower blade support (4).
EP18721375.6A 2017-05-11 2018-04-30 Cutting device and method of operating it Active EP3595852B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017110225.6A DE102017110225A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2017-05-11 Cutting tool and method of operating the same
PCT/EP2018/061059 WO2018206340A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-04-30 Cutting tool and method for operating the same

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EP3595852A1 EP3595852A1 (en) 2020-01-22
EP3595852B1 true EP3595852B1 (en) 2021-08-25

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EP (1) EP3595852B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110691677B (en)
DE (1) DE102017110225A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2890705T3 (en)
TW (1) TWI796332B (en)
WO (1) WO2018206340A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
WO2018206340A1 (en) 2018-11-15
TWI796332B (en) 2023-03-21
EP3595852A1 (en) 2020-01-22
CN110691677A (en) 2020-01-14
DE102017110225A1 (en) 2018-11-15
TW201900980A (en) 2019-01-01
CN110691677B (en) 2022-06-14
ES2890705T3 (en) 2022-01-21

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