EP3450659B1 - Locking device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a locking device for a closing element which can be moved back and forth between an open position and a closed position, in particular a sliding door, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such locking devices are used in very different areas and can be used for all possible sliding closing elements, such as for sliding doors, sliding windows or sliding hatches.

Corresponding locking elements can be used, for example, to lock off certain areas such as office rooms, bank rooms, walk-in closets, safes or server rooms and thus protect them against unauthorized access. For this purpose, the closing elements can be moved back and forth between a closed position and an open position, with access to the corresponding areas being made possible in the open position and being prevented in the closed position.

In order to lock the closing elements in the closed position so that they cannot be opened, the locking devices generally have one or more locking elements which can be actuated via an actuating element. Via the actuating element, the locking devices can thus be transferred from a locking position, in which the closing element cannot be moved, to an unlocking position, in which the closing element can then be moved and opened.

As a rule, the locking elements in the locking position engage like a hook in a corresponding contour, which is arranged, for example, on the frame of the locking element, so that the locking element can then no longer be moved.

The actuating elements are usually rotatable or pivotable about an actuation axis of rotation and can be moved back and forth, for example manually, between an unlocking position and a locking position. This movement is then transmitted to the closure element so that it can either prevent movement of the door in the locking position or enable it in the unlocking position.

The design of the actuating elements can be very different. For example, simple fasteners, handles, handles or knobs can be used. In the case of high-quality and possibly additionally secured locking elements, more complex actuating elements can also be used, such as so-called pivot levers, which in a first step have to be folded out of a receptacle arranged on or in the locking element and only then in the next step to unlock the locking element can be rotated or pivoted. Such a fold-out actuator is for example in the EP 1 900 891 A2 described.

The KR 2004 007 0423 A relates to a closure device with a pivotable actuating element and a locking element which can be actuated via the actuating element, in which the locking element can also be moved linearly relative to the actuating element, for example for emergency release.

In the past, locking devices of the type mentioned at the outset have proven their worth, but in order to unlock the locking elements, these always require that the locking element be actuated via the actuating element. This can lead to problems if people enter an otherwise closed room, such as a server room, and the closing element behind them is inadvertently closed. Since the actuating element has to be actuated to unlock the closure elements and to open the closing elements, but as a rule this cannot be reached from inside the room, trapped persons in such a situation rely on outside help. Sometimes there can even be a risk to life and limb if people do not receive outside help.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a closure device with which such a risk is reduced.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1 with a closure device of the type mentioned. Advantageous further developments are part of the dependent subclaims.

The emergency decoupling device enables decoupling of the closure element and the actuating element. Because of this decoupling, the closure element can also be actuated directly and without actuating the actuating element itself. In an emergency situation in particular, the closure element can therefore be transferred from a locking position to an emergency unlocking position independently of the actuating element and the closing element can then be opened. Unintentionally trapped people are no longer dependent on help to open the locking element, but can unlock the locking element themselves without tools and then open the locking element independently.

With regard to the emergency decoupling device, it has proven to be advantageous if it is configured in such a way that the closure element for emergency unlocking can be moved relative to the actuating element. This relative movement enables the closure element to be transferred from the locking position into the emergency unlocking position even when the actuating element cannot be moved. This is particularly advantageous when the actuating elements are designed to be self-locking and when the closing element is closed they are in a locked or fixed position, as is also the case with the fold-out pivot lever actuations mentioned above. Direct actuation of the closure element is then only possible due to a relative movement of the closure element with respect to the actuation element. The emergency operation the closure device is therefore independent of whether the actuating element is movable or not.

With regard to the arrangement of the closure element and the actuation element, it has proven to be advantageous if the actuation element can be actuated from a first side of the closure element and the closure element can be actuated for emergency release from a second side of the closure element. The first side can be, for example, the outside of the closing element and the second side can be the inside of the closing element. The actuating element can only be actuated from the first side of the closing element and cannot be reached from the second side. The arrangement of the closure element on the second side means that it can be operated from the space to be closed with the closure element.

From a design point of view, the actuating element can have a region which is guided through the closing element. The actuating element can have a handle or a handle for actuation, which can be arranged on the first side of the closing element. The handle and the closure element can be arranged on opposite sides of the closing element. The closing element can be arranged on the side of the closing element on which the emergency decoupling device is also arranged.

According to the invention, it is provided that the closure element can be rotated about a relative axis of rotation. The locking element can be pivoted or rotated from the locking position into the emergency unlocking position by a rotary movement about the relative axis of rotation. It is particularly advantageous if the closure element has to be rotated or pivoted downward into the emergency unlocking position. In this way, a simple emergency release is made possible because of the emergency release a force acting in the direction of gravity must be applied. It is also possible for the closure element to have an emergency handle, an emergency handle or an emergency actuation area, via which an emergency release force can be exerted on the closure element. The locking element can be moved manually into the emergency release position. Furthermore, it is also possible for emergency actuation areas arranged on the closure element to be illuminated and / or to be provided with a warning color and / or with instructions for action, so that trapped persons can immediately see that an emergency release of the closure element is possible.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the relative movement of the closure element with respect to the actuating element is limited. By limiting the relative movement in this way, the closure element can only be moved so far that it assumes an emergency release position and the closure element can be opened. The closure element can, for example, be moved, in particular rotated or pivoted, relative to the actuating element in a range of motion, in particular an empty angle range. If the range of movement is exceeded, the closure element can no longer be moved relatively or independently of the actuating element. If the actuating element is blocked or inhibited, for example, the movement of the closure element is thus blocked or inhibited outside the range of movement.

It is further provided according to the invention that the actuation axis of rotation and the relative axis of rotation are arranged parallel to one another. Such an arrangement of the two axes enables a compact design. The closure element can be rotated about the actuation axis of rotation via the actuation element and, in the case of emergency decoupling, about the relative axis of rotation.

A preferred embodiment provides that the emergency decoupling device is arranged on the end face of the actuating element. The emergency decoupling device can be arranged on a region of the actuating element which projects through the closing element. This area of the actuating element can be designed in the manner of a shaft. The actuating element can be detachably connected to the emergency decoupling device, which enables simple assembly of the closure device.

With regard to the design of the emergency decoupling device, it has proven to be advantageous if it has a first area that is motionally coupled to the actuating element and a second area that is motionally coupled to the closure element. Due to the possible relative movement of the closure element with respect to the actuating element, the two areas of the emergency decoupling device can also be movable, in particular pivotable or rotatable, relative to one another. It is possible for the first region to be pivotally connected to the second region. The second area can, for example, be detachably connected to the first area via a screw connection, in particular the second area can be pivotably mounted on the first area. It is also possible for the first region to be coupled to the shaft of the actuating element. The second area can be connected in one piece to the closure element, which can lead to increased stability. The two areas can be designed like disks.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the first area has a coupling element and the second area for limiting the movement of the closure element has at least one stop. The second region preferably has two stops, the first stop abutting the coupling element in an emergency unlocking position and in the locking position the second stop rests on the coupling element. The stop or stops limits the movement of the closure element relative to the actuating element. The locking element can only be moved for emergency release until the coupling element strikes a stop. The coupling element can be designed as a screw, bolt or projection and can be connected in one piece or detachably to the first area of the emergency decoupling device. The stops can be the end regions of an elongated hole. The coupling element can be guided in the slot and can move in the slot when moving. Furthermore, it is also possible for the second region to have only one stop for limiting the movement in one direction. If the actuating element is locked, for example, this lock can also prevent the connecting element from moving. In an alternative embodiment, the first area of the emergency decoupling device can also have one or two stops and the second area can have a coupling element. The functionality described does not change as a result of the arrangement of the coupling element and the stop or stops.

In a further development of the invention, the coupling element and the relative axis of rotation can lie opposite one another with respect to the axis of rotation. Such an arrangement leads to a compact design and an associated space-saving design of the emergency decoupling device. The first area of the emergency decoupling device can, for example, be pivotally connected to the second area on one side and have the coupling element on the side opposite the actuation axis of rotation.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the closure element for emergency unlocking can be moved relative to the actuating element against the force of a spring element. The spring element can be designed as a compression spring and the closure element in the locking position preload. The spring element can be designed as a coil spring, torsion spring, spiral spring, bar spring or plate spring. It is also possible for the spring element to be designed as a tension spring. For emergency unlocking, the locking element can be moved against the force of the spring. The spring preferably acts on the closure element at a distance from the relative axis of rotation, so that it can exert a large moment of force. The spring stiffness can be set in such a way that the actuating element can only be deliberately moved from the locking position into the emergency unlocking position in an emergency situation and accidental contact or actuation of the locking element does not lead to an emergency unlocking.

With regard to the arrangement of the spring element, it has proven to be advantageous if the first area of the emergency decoupling device is connected to the second area of the emergency decoupling device via the spring element. This design allows the second region to be moved relative to the first region counter to the force of the spring. The spring can be supported on a projection. The projection can be arranged on the first area of the emergency decoupling device. The second region can have a spring receptacle, for example in the form of one or more notches, via which the spring element can prestress the second region. The spring element can be guided in the notch, which leads to good stability of the spring element.

From a design point of view, it has proven to be advantageous if the closure element is designed as a hook tongue for interacting with a locking element. The locking element can be designed as a projection and protrude. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the locking element is designed as a bolt or as a screw. The locking element can be used to lock the locking element in engage a frame or an opposing closing element, in particular an opposing sliding door. The locking element can be arranged in or on the frame. An arrangement in or on an opposing closing element is also possible. To lock the closing element, the closing element can be coupled to the locking element in the manner of a positive connection. In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible for the locking element to be arranged on the closing element and for the closure device and the closure element to be arranged on the frame side. In a locking position, the locking element can interact with the closing element in such a way that the closing element cannot be moved.

With regard to the closure element, it has proven to be advantageous if it has a closing link which interacts with the locking element during a closing movement of the locking element, so that the locking element is automatically transferred into the locking position. Such a configuration of the closure element enables simple locking. The closing element can be moved into the closed position and the closing element automatically changes to the locking position. The actuating element does not have to be moved to lock the closing element. The closure device accordingly has an additional function. If the closing element is moved from the open position into the closed position and the closing element is in the locked position, contact between the closing element and the locking element can occur. However, due to the closing setting, this contact leads to the closing element evading and thus no great forces acting on the closing device. The closing gate can be designed as a bevel. In a further embodiment, it is instead or also possible for the locking element to have a closing link. One arranged on the locking element Locking gate can also lead to an independent locking when closing the closing element.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht auf die Innenseite eines Schließelements mit einer Verschlussvorrichtung in einer verriegelten Stellung,

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht auf die Innenseite eines Schließelements mit einer Verschlussvorrichtung in der entriegelten Stellung,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht auf die Außenseite eines Schließelements,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht auf die Innenseite eines Schließelements beim Schließvorgang.

Further details and advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment shown in the figures. In it show:

Fig. 1

a view of the inside of a closing element with a locking device in a locked position,

Fig. 2

2 shows a view of the inside of a closing element with a locking device in the unlocked position,

Fig. 3

2 shows a sectional view of the outside of a closing element,

Fig. 4

a view of the inside of a closing element during the closing process.

In Fig. 1 A closing element 2 designed as a sliding door is shown from the interior of a room closed with the sliding door. This room can be, for example, a server room that can be accessed via the sliding door 2.

The sliding door 2 is as shown in Fig. 1 in a closed position so that the room cannot be entered or left in this position. Furthermore, is according to the sliding door 2 Fig. 1 arranged in a locking position locking device 1 which locks the sliding door 2 so that it can not be moved. In order to leave the room, the closure device 1 must first of all enter the Fig. 2 Unlocked position shown transferred and the sliding door 2 are then opened.

In order to unlock the locking device 1, it has an actuating element 3 which, in the illustration of FIG Fig. 3 is clearly visible. The actuating element 3 has a on the outside 2.1 of the sliding door 2 Swivel lever 3.2, which for actuation from the in Fig. 2 shown folded position must first be pivoted out of the receiving contour 12 and then can be rotated about the actuation axis of rotation B for unlocking. The rotary movement of the pivot lever 3.2 is transmitted via the shaft 3.1 extending through the sliding door 2 to the closure element 4, so that the latter from the in the Fig. 1 Locked position shown clockwise around the actuation axis of rotation B in the unlocked position according to Fig. 2 is pivoted. The pivot lever 3.2 is biased in the direction of the unfolded position, so that it swings out of the receiving contour 12 automatically before actuation. In the representation of the Fig. 2 the pivot lever 3.2 is shown in a pivoted-out position.

From the interior, so from the point of view of the Fig. 1 , the swivel lever 3.2 cannot be actuated and the locking device 1 accordingly cannot be unlocked in the manner described above. If the pivot lever 3.2 is accidentally or intentionally pivoted back into the receiving contour 12, for example by a second person, it is secured against rotation about the actuation axis of rotation B.

If there is now a person in the room closed by the sliding door 2 and the sliding door 2 has been accidentally closed or has closed, for example, this person has no possibility of reaching the pivot lever 3.2 arranged on the other side 2.1 of the sliding door 2 and the door 2 so open. In order to enable this person anyway to unlock the locking device 1 and to leave the room under his own power, the locking device 1 has an emergency decoupling device 5.

This emergency decoupling device 5 allows the closure element 4, which according to the illustration in Fig. 1 behind one on frame 11 of door 2 Arranged locking element 10 engages and thus prevents movement of the sliding door 2, regardless of a movement of the actuating element 3 to move. In this way, the sliding door 2 can also be opened from the inside 2.2 and a locked person is not dependent on help from the outside 2.1.

In the following, the structural design of the emergency decoupling device 5 will first be explained in more detail before the processes involved in emergency unlocking are then discussed.

The emergency decoupling device 5 essentially consists of two disk-like areas 5.1, 5.2 which can be rotated relative to one another. The area 5.1 is arranged between the area 5.2 and the sliding door 2 and is coupled in motion to the shaft 3.1 of the actuating element 3, as is also the case in the sectional view of FIG Fig. 2 can be seen. When the actuating element 3 rotates about the axis of rotation B, the first region 5.1 of the emergency decoupling device 5 accordingly also rotates about the axis of rotation B.

The second region 5.2 is connected in one piece to the closure element 4, so that a rotary movement of the actuating element 3 is transmitted to the closure element 4 and this can also be moved back and forth between a locked position and an unlocked position.

Since the closure element 4 can be rotated relative to the actuating element 3, the two regions 5.1 and 5.2 must accordingly also be rotatable relative to one another. In design terms, this is achieved in that the second area 5.2 is rotatably mounted on the first area 5.1 of the emergency decoupling device 5.

How this from the illustration of the Fig. 1 emerges, the relative movement of the two areas 5.1, 5.2 is limited by two stops 7.1, 7.2. To limit the movement, the first area 5.1 has a coupling element 6 designed as a screw, which is guided in an elongated hole in the second area 5.2. The stop 7.2 is in the Fig. 1 not to be seen, since this is covered by the screw head of the coupling element 6. The coupling element 6 can move between the two stops 7.1, 7.2, which are formed by the respective end regions of the elongated hole. Accordingly, the second area 5.2 from the in the Fig. 1 position shown are rotated relative to the first area 5.1 until the coupling element 6 abuts the stop 7.1. A further rotation is then no longer possible in this position due to the locked and immovable actuating element 3.

Furthermore, the area 5.2 is biased by a spring 8 in the direction of the locked position. For this purpose, the first area 5.1 has a projection 9 on which the spring 8 is mounted. At the other end, the spring 8 is connected to the second area 5.2. In order to improve the stability of the spring 8 or the connection of the spring 8 to the second region 5.2, this has a notch in which the spring 8 is guided.

In the locked position according to Fig. 1 the spring 8 pushes the second region 5.1 upward, so that the stop 7.2, which is hidden by the screw head of the coupling element 6, bears against the coupling element 6. A rotational movement of the actuating element 3 about the actuating axis of rotation B in the in Fig. 2 Unlocked position shown therefore leads to the fact that the emergency decoupling device 5 and the closure element 4 move accordingly. A relative movement of the two areas 5.1, 5.2 or of the closure element 4 with respect to the actuating element 3 occurs due to the stop 7.1 in one direction and due to the tension force the spring 8 in the other direction when the actuating element 3 rotates.

However, the emergency decoupling device 5 enables a relative movement about the relative axis of rotation R when the closure element is actuated itself in the context of an emergency actuation. This is explained in more detail below.

In an emergency situation in which a person is locked in a room and the pivoting lever 3.2 of the actuating element 3 on the other side of the sliding door 2 is inaccessible, the locking element 4 can also be operated directly and this can be transferred from a locking position to an emergency unlocking position.

For the emergency release, one must do so as shown in Fig. 1 downward force can be exerted on the closure element 4. Such a force effect on the closure element 4 leads to a rotary movement of the closure element 4 and the second area 5.2 of the emergency decoupling device 5 about the relative axis of rotation R. The second area 5.2 is moved relative to the non-moving first area 5.1 against the force of the spring 8, until the stop 7.1 strikes the coupling element 6 and thus a further relative movement is prevented. In this emergency decoupling position, the closure element 4 has now been rotated so far that the hook-shaped end region no longer engages behind the locking element 10 on the frame side and accordingly movement of the sliding door 2 is no longer prevented. After the locking element 4 has been moved into the emergency unlocking position, it is sufficient to move the sliding door 2 a little so that when it is released the locking element 4 no longer reaches behind the locking element 10, the sliding door 2 can then be completely opened and the room can be left.

Furthermore, the locking device 1 has an additional function which enables the sliding door 2 to lock itself automatically when it is closed. For this purpose, the closure element 4 points Fig. 4 a closing contour designed as a bevel 4.1, which runs when the sliding door 2 closes against the locking element 10 arranged on the frame 11. The chamfer 4.1 ensures that the closure element 4 moves independently against the force of the spring 8 during such a closing movement, as is also the case in the illustration of FIG Fig. 4 can be seen. As soon as the hook-like contour of the closure element 4 can reach behind the locking element 10, the closure element 4 is pushed upwards in the direction of the force effect of the spring 8 into the Fig. 1 shown locked position pressed, in which the sliding door 2 can no longer be opened.

The supplementary function therefore enables the sliding door 2 to be locked very easily, even without actuating the actuating element 3.2 or even when the actuating element 3.2 is pivoted into the receiving contour 12. Furthermore, the deflection of the closure element 4 with respect to the locking element 10 means that the forces acting on the closure device 1 are kept low and that there is no fear of the closure device 1 being destroyed when the door 2 slams or closes.

Reference number:

1

Locking device

2nd

Closing element, sliding door, door

2.1

first side, outside

2.2

second side, inside

3rd

Actuator

3.1

wave

3.2

Swivel lever

4th

Closure element

4.1

Closing gate, start slope

5

Emergency decoupling device

5.1

first area

5.2

second area

6

Coupling element

7.1

first stop

7.2

second stop

8th

Spring element, spring

9

head Start

10th

Locking element

11

frame

12

Receiving contour

B

Actuating axis of rotation

R

Relative axis of rotation

Claims (11)

1. Closure device for a closing element (2), in particular a sliding door, which can be displaced back and forth between an open position and a closed position, having an actuating element (3) which can be rotated or pivoted about an actuation axis of rotation (B) and having a closure element (4) which can be actuated by way of the actuating element (3), wherein the closure element (4) and the actuating element (3) are coupled to one another by way of an emergency decoupling device (5), wherein the closure element (4) can be rotated about a relative axis of rotation (R), characterized in that the actuation axis of rotation (B) and the relative axis of rotation (R) are arranged parallel to each other.
2. Closure device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the emergency decoupling device (5) is designed in such a way that the closure element (4) can be moved relative to the actuating element (3) for the purposes of emergency unlocking.
3. Closure device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating element (3) can be actuated from a first side (2.1) of the closing element (2), and emergency actuation of the closure element (4) can be performed from a second side (2.2) of the closing element (2) for the purposes of emergency unlocking.
4. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement of the closure element (4) relative to the actuating element (3) is delimited.
5. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the emergency decoupling device (5) is arranged at the end side on the actuating element (3).
6. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the emergency decoupling device (5) has a first region (5.1), which is coupled in terms of movement to the actuating element (3), and a second region (5.2), which is coupled in terms of movement to the closure element (4).
7. Closure device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the first region (5.1) has a coupling element (6) and the second region (5.2) has at least one stop (7.1, 7.2) for delimiting the movement of the closure element (4).
8. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure element (4) can be moved relative to the actuating element (3), counter to the force of a spring element (8), for the purposes of emergency unlocking.
9. Closure device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the first region (5.1) of the emergency decoupling device (5) is connected to the second region (5.2) of the emergency decoupling device (5.2) by way of the spring element (8).
10. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure element (4) is configured as a hook tongue in order to interact with a locking element (10).
11. Closure device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the closure element (4) has a closing slotted guide (4.1) which interacts with the locking element (10) during a closing movement of the closing element (2), such that the closure element (4) is independently transferred to the locking position.

Images