EP2122869A1 - Procédé de mesure d'informations de systèmes techniques - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure d'informations de systèmes techniques

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Publication number
EP2122869A1
EP2122869A1 EP08706363A EP08706363A EP2122869A1 EP 2122869 A1 EP2122869 A1 EP 2122869A1 EP 08706363 A EP08706363 A EP 08706363A EP 08706363 A EP08706363 A EP 08706363A EP 2122869 A1 EP2122869 A1 EP 2122869A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
quanta
receiver
transmitter
noise
entropy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08706363A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Otte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
tecData AG
Original Assignee
tecData AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by tecData AG filed Critical tecData AG
Publication of EP2122869A1 publication Critical patent/EP2122869A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring information from technical systems.
  • the method is suitable for measuring the Entropie- and information state of a technical system.
  • a disadvantage of the conventional methods is that a relatively large amount of energy must be applied to convey information. Even the most modern mobile phones have some watts or milliwatts of transmission power to transmit the information of a language.
  • Suitable receivers for electromagnetic waves are antennas of suitable length ( ⁇ / 2 or ⁇ / 4 dipoles) or other resonators with suitable wave or radiation resistance. It is state of the art to receive or transmit waves having a frequency of, for example, 30 kHz to 30 THz, which corresponds to wavelengths of 10 km to 10 ⁇ m. Waves of higher frequencies, eg infrared or optical frequencies, are also technically processed. Furthermore, in some special physical disciplines (eg nuclear physics) one deals with electromagnetic waves of extremely high frequency and energy, eg with gamma rays.
  • Problematic or partially impossible is the reception, processing and transmission of electromagnetic long-wave waves, ie waves whose frequency is in the extremely low range, eg in the heart area, which thus have wavelengths of several hundred or thousand kilometers.
  • This is therefore technically difficult, since for the reception resonators (oscillating circuits) with extremely low resonance frequency and yet suitable characteristic impedance are necessary, which requires antenna systems of very large spatial extent.
  • the waves have both particle and wave characteristics and that the associated properties can be determined with different measurement methods. It is also known that electromagnetic waves consist of quanta that obey the laws of quantum physics. An example is the well-known double-slit experiment, which shows the wave character of such photons or quanta, while other experiments, such as measuring the radiation pressure, illustrate the particle character of such quanta 2 .
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device with which quanta, so-called.
  • Low energy or Niedrigstenergyquanten - so quantum with energies below 10 "32 joules - can be measured, received and sent to new applications of a To realize information transmission.
  • the entropy flux HF is proportional to the entropy gradient of the two objects and is directed so that the entropy from the object higher entropy (eg Hi) to the object of low entropy (eg H 2 ) flows off until an entropy balance has taken place.
  • the entropy transmission can be set equal to an information transmission, i.
  • Information transfer and entropy transfer are treated as equivalent in the description because they are mathematically interconvertible. For example, a bit string of 20 bits has a total information of 20 bits. How many bits of this are structural information and how much random information always depends on the context, but both are interconvertible. In the following, however, simplified talk is made of entropy transmission.
  • Quantum eg quanta of the electromagnetic field, ie photons
  • ⁇ the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave with the wavelength ⁇
  • the usual oscillating circuits are those used in every radio receiver.
  • the antenna obey the ⁇ / 4-law, ie the length of the antenna dipole should be ⁇ , ⁇ / 2 or / 1/4 4 .
  • conventional television waves have a frequency> 30 MHz, i. Wavelengths of ⁇ 10 meters.
  • Conventional LW radio waves have a frequency of> 30 kHz, i. Wavelengths ⁇ 10 kilometers.
  • In this area usually vary the electromagnetic radio waves and frequencies of common technical applications.
  • Longitudinal waves such as have been received and / or sent by special systems, for example, have a frequency of 3 kHz and thus a wavelength ⁇ 100 km.
  • the reception of waves (quanta) with a wavelength of several hundred or a thousand kilometers is currently not technically possible or only with extremely great effort.
  • ⁇ p is the accuracy of the impulse
  • ⁇ x is the accuracy of the location
  • h Planck's constant is still such that, for example, these 8 Hz quanta are undetermined over the location of 37,500 km.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device for measuring information of technical systems.
  • the invention makes it possible to receive LEQ quanta or LSTEQ quanta, while other quanta (e.g., radio quanta) can also be received.
  • Other quanta e.g., radio quanta
  • the technical design for the reception of both low-energy quanta (4,5) is the same, only the application possibilities
  • corresponding receivers are designed which have a specific strip conductor configuration. Although this design is technically demanding, it is physically and conceptually trivial.
  • a sub-task of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device for a clearing system, which restricts or prevents the emission and thus foreign reception of information worth protecting.
  • interfaces of semiconductors For example, interfaces of semiconductors, radioactive decay processes, constructions in which photons are reflected with a certain probability and much more are suitable for this purpose.
  • spin measuring devices which is already rudimentary in MRI scanners today.
  • a new measurement method based on 2.1.b) for measuring low-energy quanta represents the use of noise generators conventionally used to generate random numbers.
  • a random process is used for the reception of signals (quanta).
  • the random process For the reception of low-energy signals (LEQ, LSTEQ quanta), the random process must be suitably designed.
  • Suitable random processes can be realized by mathematical random number generators (pseudo-random generators, time random number generators, ⁇ random number generators) or physical random number generators (physical noise generators).
  • the noise signals of physical noise generators can be generated by various physical processes, such as thermal noise, radioactive noise, magnetic noise, otoacoustic noise, biological noise, photon noise, etc. In these processes, the movement of microparticles (eg, electrons in thermal noise at semiconductor interfaces) or photo In photon noise (Quantisetti 6 ) converted into an electrically measurable signal, which is then interpreted as a noise signal (random signal).
  • signals from random processes are often not real random signals, but indicate the reception of lowest energy waves whose energy is just sufficient to affect, for example, the microparticles (electrons) of a noise generator.
  • Such antennas are also formed at the boundary layers of the pn junctions of semiconductors.
  • the doping process produces molecular structures that are similar to the technically generated fractal antennas, albeit on a different scale.
  • the naturally formed fractal antennas of semiconductor devices are suitable for receiving broadband signals. As their structures, although folded, are spatially large, they are suitable for receiving low frequency signals. That Even simple diodes can be used to receive LEQ and LSTEQ quanta.
  • microparticles or their natural or technical connection to resonant circuits are thus according to the invention antennas of LEQ and LSTEQ quanta. Their spatial arrangement on an interface determines the possibility of receiving signa
  • the semiconductor effect is a quantum mechanical effect, because through entanglement of the electrons (holes) whole columns of electrons (holes) can act like a single electron (hole) and migrate through the semiconductor.
  • the reception by means of semiconductor noise generators is ultimately based on a quantum mechanical process (Robert B. Laughlin, Ablix der Weltformel, Piper Verlag, Kunststoff, 2007). This is advantageous in that it allows quantum-mechanical effects to be used selectively.
  • Each semiconductor is thus an information receiving device based on a quantum mechanical process that obeys the laws of emergence. Specific emergence patterns arise from spatial and / or temporal proximity.
  • the physical effects of quantum quantum self-interference described in this invention are achieved by the use according to the invention, in particular of semiconductors as long-wave antennas, i. Low energy quanta (LEQ, LSTEQ), made technically usable.
  • Semiconductor-based noise generators are thus information receiving devices that enable physically induced quantum effects of the low-energy range in technically exploitable applications.
  • the quanta are received by fractal antennas at the interfaces of the semiconductors (and thus satisfy the well-known ⁇ / 4 conditions, page 5) or whether their reception is enabled by temporal self-entanglement of the quanta is thus directly generated by the temporal sampling of the random signal.
  • Random or noise generators are thus information or Entropieempfangs Erasmus. For example, if you want to detect fault conditions, they are therefore suitable as entropy meters for the environment.
  • the random number generators permanently receive the energy and entropy (information) of the objects surrounding them.
  • Fig1. shows a device DEVICE for receiving such quanta.
  • the quantum EQ of the environment ENV with a distance s to the device DEVICE are received by a random number generator RNG, whereupon its noise behavior changes.
  • the resulting random number sequences 7 are passed on to a processing unit PRZ, where they are evaluated and compared.
  • random number sequences produced a noise generator according to the invention by receiving quantum, that are causal, they are to be referred to hereinafter as yet random sequences because these sequences are all statistical tests of randomness. This is because the tests perform a statistical analysis of the sequence rather than a semantic analysis. A semantic evaluation was also not necessary so far, because the consequences of noise generators actually and not only seemingly as random assumed. Although there is a causal influence on random number generators, their consequences will always be random because the generators represent an additive and / or multiplicative superposition of very many and complex states of received quanta. The resonance condition is present for the time being exactly as is customary in telecommunications, if the receiver can record the frequency (wavelength).
  • Random generators capable of receiving low energy quanta (even LEQ quanta) is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • LEQ quanta low energy quanta
  • random number generators eg thermal noise generators
  • special efforts are made to shield these generators from AC influences.
  • near f 50 Hz at a distance of 1000 km there is still near field (ibid., P. 386).
  • each electromagnetic signal also has longitudinal (radial) shares; it is this longitudinal portion that contributes to the detachment of the Hertzian wave (ibid., p. 388).
  • the near field magnetic and electrical components of the field are phase shifted by 90 degrees, not in the far field.
  • the near field of a Hertzian dipole is for the most part electrical in nature.
  • the objects can be in a large spatial distance, which can be several thousand kilometers and much more.
  • the objects may be technical installations, equipment of any kind, cars, power plants, airplanes, computers, etc.
  • an entropy sink a so-called clearing system
  • the shielding which can interact with all known quanta of lowest energy.
  • the entropy from the technical system does not flow to the meter but into the entropy sink, so that the system can not be measured.
  • the entropy of the sink must be less than the entropy of the respective measuring devices, so that the entropy gradient leads from system to the clearing system and not to the measuring device.
  • the Entropiesenke is a suitable random generator, which is designed so that it can interact with the respective quantum.
  • the design takes place, for example, over the wavelength of the quanta to be received.
  • the boundary layer of a semiconductor is designed so that a spatially crossing free chain of electrons or holes is formed, which have the predetermined path length (depending on the wavelength of the quantum).
  • Random generators are technical tools for receiving low energy quanta. At this reception, besides the energy, the information of the quantum is received. By means of a downstream circuit technology, the information can be filtered, evaluated and stored.
  • Fig. 2 shows a possible means for data communication of binary sequences BITS of "0" and "1".
  • the processing unit PRZA of a transmitter controls a random number generator RNGA such that a high entropy is set on the RNGA in the transmission of the bit "1", a low entropy on the transmission of the bit "0".
  • the information can also be transmitted directly, but the approach of coding the information into entropy values leads to better robustness.
  • the receiver B has received from the transmitter in advance a unique identification ID.
  • the entropy set at transmitter A is emitted into the environment by low-energy quanta LEQ.
  • the receiver B filters from the random number sequence of its random number generator RNGB with the aid of the module addressing and calibration ADR_TUN the from Transmitter radiated entropy information and decodes these in its signal processing unit PRZB back into the binary sequence of numbers.
  • both transmitter A and receiver B have different random number sequences at their random number generator RNGA and RNGB, this method transmits a previously desired binary bit sequence BITS from the transmitter to the receiver, whereby the distance s can be very large since the actual transmission anyway, because LEQ quanta have a large natural transmit range. Since any message can be represented as a sequence of binary numbers BITS, this method allows any messages (text, images, voice) to be transmitted over very long distances.
  • Important tasks for transmitting information (messages, data) from a transmitter to a receiver are the solution of a) addressing, i. the selection of the received information at the receiver B from the information mixture of the environment and b) the interpretation of the excursions of the random number generator RNGB.
  • the addressing takes place by transfer of addresses of the sender to the receiver. Addresses are, for example, resonance keys or surrogates of the transmitter.
  • the sender permanently transmits his information to the environment.
  • the task of the receiver is to filter out this information. Since the low energy quanta can be transmitted over a very large distance, the receiver has overlays of all possible quanta, i. Also available from very far away stations. From these overlays, the receiver must filter out the quanta of the transmitter.
  • Every material production process entails a cross between original (A) and duplicate (A1), in the sense that the original and the duplicate are in constant communication and the information exchange can be filtered out from the other environmental influences.
  • the original and the duplicate are, so to speak, in a potential resonance relationship.
  • the entanglement must not be understood quantum mechanically, because it is not the case that what happens to object A happens instantaneously object A1, in the sense of the known effect of entangled quantum states.
  • the entanglement means only a fine tuning of the frequency so that original and duplicate information can be exchanged.
  • Both i) and ii) can technically be used in the same way so that a receiver tunes to the frequency of a transmitter.
  • the addressing of a transmitter A at the receiver B can be done via any type of surrogate A1, ie parts of the object of A itself, digital fingerprints, identical components (eg identical diodes at sender and receiver), unique serial numbers, etc.
  • the surrogates For example, via a special device (Plattenkondenstoren, windings, measuring cup) inductively or capacitively coupled into the resonant circuit of the semiconductor device used.
  • Another way of addressing is the alignment of the receiver to the desired object with appropriate probes, antenna systems or collimators.
  • the possibility of a complex (and therefore semantic) exchange of information between a sender and a receiver occurs through the process of calibration.
  • the calibration is thus particularly advantageous if signals from nature are to be received and interpreted, since the quantum radiation of the transmitter can not be deliberately intervened.
  • transmitter and receiver are, for example, noise generators, one can generate the transmission quanta specifically and thereby perform the calibration procedure at least only in a simplified manner.
  • the generators must be calibrated in their context if they are to receive more complex information.
  • the calibration determines the semantic level between sender and receiver.
  • a simple calibration that is to say coordination between transmitter and receiver via the information content of the messages to be exchanged, in the example a "calibration via the level of entropy" at the transmitter, can be technically integrated into the sequence as follows, for example (FIG. 2):
  • the parameters of the noise generator and the evaluation algorithm must be systematically adapted with the same setting of the transmitter (eg change in the noise generator, sampling rate of the noise generator, coefficients of the algorithm, normalization) ) as long as until the transmitter's broadcast (and known) information has been correctly received by the receiver. > Then continue with other station settings.
  • the receiver After calibration, the receiver has tuned to the low energy quanta of the transmitter and can correctly interpret subsequent quanta, i. if the transmitter sends information that it has high entropy, then the calibrated receiver correctly receives this entropy by "randomly" selecting a sequence of numbers which is recognized as having high entropy in the subsequent algorithm.
  • the semantics is defined.
  • both transmitters and receivers are random number generators
  • both generators can and will generate completely independent number sequences, and yet by prior calibration they can exchange not only energies (low energy quanta) but also complex information (e.g., "transmitter has high entropy").
  • High and low entropy values can be encoded as "1” or "0" so that any data (as a binary sequence of numbers) can be transferred.
  • the sender and receiver can communicate with each other in accordance with the method.
  • the addressing of the transmitter at the receiver is necessary to establish a point-to-point connection between sender and receiver.
  • a receiver can now interrogate the noise of its own local random number generators (diodes, transistors) in the bar of the random key and therefore detect whether the transmitter is a 1 or a 0 sent.
  • the entropy transport always works, but only the receiver, who can scan his own noise signal with the random key (resonance key), can know whether the transmitter has just increased the entropy with this key (semantically a 1) or not. This allows binary messages to be transmitted and, with appropriate speed, any form of message.
  • the information of a sender object is transmitted through existing natural transmission mechanisms, a large spatial and temporal extension of quanta and their large penetration to the receiver.
  • the novel communication technology and data communication described here simply reads the information permanently transmitted by each object from the noise.
  • the nature of the actual data transmission so to speak by itself. Therefore, the essential content of the invention is, based on novel receivers, random number generators to receive the information-containing low-energy quantum and then selectively filter out. This requires a special addressing and calibration.
  • the method of entropy transmission by means of resonance key is in principle feasible in every frequency range.
  • the technical advantage of the low-energy quanta is that nature, so to speak, realizes the data transmission itself, since one is in the vicinity of the transmitter and thus the longitudinal portions of the wave can be used for transmission.
  • An essential part of the invention is that not only old known methods of communication technology by cheaper or more efficient methods to replace, but by the invention completely new applications, see 3).
  • each material radiates specific information to it, each material can be detected by entropy detectors.
  • Applications include technical diagnostic systems for power plants, aircraft, cars and all technical devices.
  • the device and the receiver do not have to be electrically connected. Furthermore, there may be a spatial separation between the device and the diagnostic system, which implies numerous applications, e.g. Femdiagnoses of cars and much more.
  • a special application is in the field of air traffic control, as one can use these procedures & facilities to develop safe explosives detectors.
  • Both the carrier of the explosive and the explosive itself radiate their entropies indispensable to the environment. Due to its special mental state, the person radiates as a "carrier of explosives", the explosive itself radiates its clearly defined entropy content In the area of the lowest energy quanta, this entropy radiation can not be completely shielded so that the explosive can always be detected with the above-mentioned method.
  • this is done so that the noise generator is calibrated to control a random selection generator in measuring the entropy of explosive in its environment so that it selects the "suspect" for closer physical examination to ground personnel.
  • a system of several low-energy detectors can also locate and locate desired objects and systems on a certain territory.
  • the problem of addressing between receiver and transmitter is resolved by providing the receiver with a unique identification of the transmitter (e.g., image, serial number, name) prior to communication recording. Since the transmitter with its own identification, which was given to him at some point, e.g. In his picture, which is always kept connected by low-energy quanta, the receiver, when he has coupled the picture with the receive-noise generator, has opened exactly the desired communication channel. Technically, one can realize this as already explained, for example, in such a way that a signal path to the supply voltage of a noise generator is capacitively opened by the image via an entropy capacitor. Through this signal path, the low energy quanta of the image itself can appropriately influence the supply voltage of the generator.
  • a unique identification of the transmitter e.g., image, serial number, name
  • the diagnostic states of a car can be read out over large spatial distances (remote).
  • specific entropy values can be assigned to specific errors of a vehicle, which send out the parts in the event of an error (determination of the semantics).
  • a receiver eg a central workshop can then read out the current diagnostic status remotely after entering the vehicle identification (eg serial number). This significantly simplifies today's diagnoses, which would prevent, for example, spontaneous vehicle arrest.
  • FIG. 1 A concrete technical application example of the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1
  • the transmitter A consists of an zener diode (DIO) within a technical resonant circuit, a laser (LASER), which is directed to the zener diode and electronics for driving the laser (RNGA).
  • the receiver consists of an identical zener diode (DIO) within a resonant circuit for generating a noise signal, an operational amplifier, an AD converter (OPV / AD) for converting the noise signal into a digital signal (BITS) and a processing unit (laptop, not shown).
  • Transmitter and receiver are fully shielded, battery-powered and about 10 meters apart. There is no electrical, magnetic or other connection between transmitter and receiver.
  • an identical diode On the receiver side (B) an identical diode (DIO) is used.
  • the noise of the identical diode on the receiver side is amplified by an operational amplifier (OPV), sampled at least 2 kHz (AD), digitized and transmitted to a receiver computer as digitized noise signal (BITS).
  • OOV operational amplifier
  • DIO digitized noise signal
  • the receiver computer evaluates the noise by, for example, forming the distribution functions (amplitude density function, ie, histograms) of the respective time periods ⁇ t. Based on the change in the distribution function of each time interval recognizes the Receiver, whether the emitter has increased the entropy of the z-diode by the laser (semantically a 1) or not (semantically a 0).
  • a binary data transmission is realized, in the illustrated here, simple embodiment variant with an error rate of 30%.
  • the error rate can be further minimized.
  • a problem in the technical embodiment is that the z-diodes are introduced into a glass body, which act as a lens and thus smallest geometric deviations can cause the laser beam does not focus on the boundary layer. This can be remedied by a readjustment or enlargement of the laser beam diameter.
  • the z-diode of the receiver changes its noise signal properties (amplitude density function) in time of the entropy increase of the diode on the transmitter side, although both transmitter and receiver are completely shielded according to the usual methods of telecommunications and also via the power supply no connection consists.
  • the transmitter permanently transmits a change in its entropy to its environment, thereby affecting all objects in its environment that resonate with it, e.g. the identical z-diode at the receiver, even if it is far away.
  • the signal properties (amplitude density functions) seem to change randomly, but by comparison with the transmitter information, one recognizes that their signal properties change exactly in the random rhythm of the transmitter entropy.
  • This method is extended according to the invention to a data transmission.
  • the receiver scans ⁇ t in each time interval with the agreed random key and evaluates whether the distribution function has changed or not. In this way it recognizes in each interval ⁇ t whether the sender has sent a semantic 1 or 0. For any other receiver, the signal remains a pure random signal because it does not know the random key of the sample. In the present case, the transmission rate is extremely slow, in fact only 1 bit per second is transmitted, which is structurally determined by the laser.
  • the actual signal transmission is realized by the natural process of Entropieaus GmbHs between the two diodes, which is due to its properties over long distances.
  • a technically usable signal transmission is realized therefrom by suitable readout at the receiver.
  • the entropy can also be increased other than with the laser to ensure higher data transmission rates.
  • Another possibility of randomized entropy increase is writing to the hard disk (semantically a 1) or no writing. Other options are the passage through program parts, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de mesure d'informations concernant des systèmes techniques. Afin de pouvoir recevoir des signaux de faible énergie, des générateurs de nombres aléatoires sont utilisés comme récepteurs (B) de quanta de faible énergie, ces générateurs de nombres aléatoires pouvant être conçus et réalisés comme antennes et récepteurs de signaux de ce type. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation du rayon d'émission naturellement large de quanta de faible énergie pour recevoir des informations de systèmes très éloignés.
EP08706363A 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Procédé de mesure d'informations de systèmes techniques Withdrawn EP2122869A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007008021A DE102007008021A1 (de) 2007-02-15 2007-02-15 Verfahren zur Messung von Informationen
PCT/CH2008/000063 WO2008098402A1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Procédé de mesure d'informations de systèmes techniques

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EP08706361A Withdrawn EP2120685A1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-14 Procédé de mesure d'informations concernant des systèmes biologiques
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WO2008098402A1 (fr) 2008-08-21
US20100102207A1 (en) 2010-04-29
US20100030059A1 (en) 2010-02-04
DE102007008021A1 (de) 2008-08-21
WO2008098401A1 (fr) 2008-08-21
US20100036615A1 (en) 2010-02-11
WO2008098400A1 (fr) 2008-08-21
EP2117420A1 (fr) 2009-11-18
EP2120685A1 (fr) 2009-11-25

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