EP1652201B1 - Electric switch - Google Patents
Electric switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1652201B1 EP1652201B1 EP04786211A EP04786211A EP1652201B1 EP 1652201 B1 EP1652201 B1 EP 1652201B1 EP 04786211 A EP04786211 A EP 04786211A EP 04786211 A EP04786211 A EP 04786211A EP 1652201 B1 EP1652201 B1 EP 1652201B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuating element
- switching
- displacement
- external
- ball
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
- H01H25/002—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part having an operating member rectilinearly slidable in different directions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
- G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
- G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
- G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
- H01H25/008—Operating part movable both angularly and rectilinearly, the rectilinear movement being perpendicular to the axis of angular movement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
- H01H25/04—Operating part movable angularly in more than one plane, e.g. joystick
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H2003/008—Mechanisms for operating contacts with a haptic or a tactile feedback controlled by electrical means, e.g. a motor or magnetofriction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
- H01H25/002—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part having an operating member rectilinearly slidable in different directions
- H01H2025/004—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part having an operating member rectilinearly slidable in different directions the operating member being depressable perpendicular to the other directions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Electric switches formed in the manner of a joystick or cursor switch serve to input data for an electrical appliance by a user.
- switches are used for car radios, navigation devices, on-board computers or for controlling other functions in motor vehicles, wherein the switch can be arranged for example on the steering wheel of the motor vehicle.
- an electrical switch can also be used as a multi-function switch for menu control of functions via a display in the motor vehicle.
- Such an electrical switch is from the DE 296 04 717 U1 known.
- This switch has a pivotable or sliding actuator, so that the actuator is movable in two mutually perpendicular directions.
- the actuator is further configured to be rotatable. Finally, the actuator can still be operated by pressing.
- the invention has for its object to provide means by which the rotation and / or displacement of the single actuator is made possible, the actuator should have a perceivable by the user and possibly variable feel, and wherein these means should be designed such that the provided with high functionality switch with a small space manages.
- the electrical switch according to the invention realizes a rotating, pushing and sliding plate, which offers a variable feel for turning and pushing, depending on the selected function.
- Such a switch can be advantageously used as an input means for the (MM1) man-machine interface of a controller.
- the actuating member cooperates with rotating means such that the actuating member is rotatable and thereby acting on a switching element switching.
- the actuating member is a controllable electric external rotor motor in operative connection, wherein at least a part of the rotating means consists of the external rotor of the external rotor motor.
- the external rotor motor has over the known Internal rotor motor has the advantage that it has a high torque and a higher mass moment of inertia with the same size and / or construction weight.
- the actuating member cooperates with displacement means such that the actuating member is displaceable in a displacement plane in at least one direction and thereby acts on a switching element switching.
- the actuator is a magnet in operative connection. With the help of the magnet, a haptic for the sliding movement of the actuator is generated.
- the actuating member cooperates with rotating means such that the actuating member is rotatable
- the actuator cooperates with displacement means such that the actuator is displaceable in a displacement plane in at least one direction.
- the actuator acts during rotation and when shifting to a switching element switching.
- the displacement and the rotational movement are transmitted from the actuator to the displacement and rotation means, wherein the axis of rotation of the rotation means is approximately perpendicular to the displacement plane of the displacement means.
- the actuator is linearly movable by at least one distance from a zero position to a shift position by pressing, preferably approximately perpendicular to the displacement plane.
- the actuating member in the switching position acts on a switching element switching, whereby the switching signal generated by the switching element can be evaluated as an input confirmation.
- the switching element may consist of a switching mat.
- the active connection between the magnet and the actuator can be generated by means of a ball lever.
- the ball lever has a ball in the manner of a ball joint as a pivot bearing.
- the desired, adjustable power transmission is effected by the ratio of the length of the two outgoing from the ball lever arms.
- the ball lever has an actuator attached to the end of a lever arm and a free end on the other lever arm. At the free end a permanent magnet is fixed, which cooperates with the magnet. If the magnet is designed as a controllable electro-adhesion magnet, then the feel can be changed as desired by its corresponding activation.
- the small size of the electrical switch is further supported by the stator of the external rotor motor is disposed on a fixed, internal hollow shaft.
- the external rotor is by means of sliding bearing on the hollow shaft and / or by means of a ball raceway on a support member fixed to the hollow shaft of the external rotor motor rotatably mounted.
- the ball seat for the ball joint of the ball lever is arranged on the inner hollow shaft of the external rotor motor.
- the magnet is located in the inner hollow shaft of the external rotor motor.
- the switching elements detecting the rotation and / or the displacement and / or the pressing are Hall sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, electrical switches, switching mats, or the like. These work error-prone and very reliable.
- the generation of the haptic means of the electric external rotor motor has the advantage that the windings for the stator are inside and the permanent magnets are guided outside the rotor.
- the mechanism On the rotor and in the inner, designed as a hollow shaft motor shaft, the mechanism is guided for the sliding movement.
- the masses are decoupled during the sliding and rotating movement.
- a permanent magnet with a coil is arranged, which generates an active shift feel depending on the path.
- the switch despite high functionality has only a small size and therefore requires only a small footprint.
- the switch for tight spaces as they are given in particular on the steering wheel or in the dashboard, the center console, the armrest o. The like. In the vehicle are suitable.
- the switch is error-prone and has a long service life due to its freedom from wear.
- the switch according to the invention can thus be used advantageously in harsh environmental conditions, for example in motor vehicles.
- the switch has a good and changeable feel, which can be both active and passive represent.
- the switch has low moving masses due to the favorable principle of action and its feel or actuation force can be influenced and controlled by means of simple control technology.
- high functionality of the switch is easy to use, with incorrect operation are largely excluded.
- the switch is inexpensive to manufacture.
- Fig. 1 is an electrical switch 1 designed in the manner of a joystick or cursor switch.
- the switch 1 has an actuator 2 which is manually rotatable in two opposite directions of rotation 3 by a user.
- the actuator 2 cooperates with rotating means 4.
- the actuator 2 acts on rotation on a switching element 11 switching a.
- the actuator 2 is a controllable electric external rotor motor 7 in operative connection, that a haptic for the rotational movement of the actuator 2 is generated.
- the haptic is changeable.
- the rotation of the actuator 2 can be difficult or smooth depending on the situation, in a ratchet-like manner or the like.
- the external rotor motor 7 has an inner fixed stator 8 and an outer rotatable outer rotor 9.
- the stator 8 of the external rotor motor 7 is arranged on a fixed, internal hollow shaft 21, as shown in detail Fig. 3 evident.
- At least part of the rotating means 4 consists of the external rotor 9 of the external rotor motor 7.
- the further part of the rotating means 4 consists of a cross slide 10, which will be explained in more detail below.
- the actuator 2 is latched on the cross slide 10.
- the cross slide 10 is in turn arranged on the bottom of the pot-like external rotor 9, so that the rotational movement of the actuating member 2 is transmitted to the external rotor 9.
- the actuator 2 in a displacement plane in at least one direction of displacement 5 manually displaced by the user.
- the actuating member 2 is displaceable in the manner of a wind rose in four displacement directions 5.
- the actuator 2 acts in Fig. 2 visible displacement means 6 together.
- the actuator 2 acts on switching to a switching element 12 switching a.
- the actuator 2 is a magnet 13 in operative connection, that a feel for the sliding movement of the actuator 2 is generated.
- the cross slide 10 in turn consists of a first slide member 28 on which the actuator 2 is clipped, and a second slide member 29.
- the first slide member 28 is by means of guides 30 on the second Slide 29 located cam 31 arranged in one of the displacement directions 5 movable.
- the second slide member 29 is in turn arranged on the bottom of the outer rotor 9 by means not shown further guides and cams in the other direction of displacement 5 movable.
- the actuating member 2 is both twistable and displaceable.
- the actuating member 2 cooperates with the rotating means 4 and with the displacement means 6, which is also based on Fig. 1 can be seen.
- the axis of rotation 14 of the rotating means 4 is approximately perpendicular to the plane defined by the arrows 5 shift plane of the displacement means 6.
- the cross slide 10 thus causes a decoupling of the sliding and the rotational movement.
- the actuator 2 is linearly movable by pressing at least one distance from a zero position into a switching position.
- This linear movement serves as an "Enter” operation and takes place approximately perpendicular to the plane defined by the arrows 5 shift plane, ie approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 14.
- the actuator 2 acts in the switching position on a switching element 15 a switching.
- the switching element 15 may consist of a switching mat.
- the ball lever 16 has a ball 17 in the manner of a ball joint as a pivot bearing.
- the ball seat 22 for the ball joint of the ball lever 16 is disposed on the inner hollow shaft 21 of the external rotor motor 7.
- the ball lever 16 has two outgoing from the ball 17 lever arms 18, 19.
- On a lever arm 18, the actuator 2 is attached.
- the other lever arm 19 is formed as a free end, wherein at the free end a cooperating with the magnet 13 permanent magnet 20 is attached.
- the aspect ratio of the two lever arms 18, 19 is chosen so that a force transmission for the sliding movement of the actuating member 2 is effected.
- the magnet 13 is located in the inner hollow shaft 21 of the external rotor motor 7 and is designed as a controllable electro-magnet, so that the feel for the sliding movement of the actuator 2 according to the electrical control of the electro-magnet 13 can be changed according to the situation.
- the external rotor 9 is at its bottom by means of a in Fig. 3 shown plain bearing 23 rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft 21. As in further Fig. 6 can be seen, is located on the side facing away from the bottom of the outer rotor 9 a fixed to the hollow shaft 21 carrier part 24. On support member 24 is a ball track 25 on which turn on the side facing away from the bottom of the outer rotor 9 fastener ring 26 rotatable is stored. Due to the only low rotational speeds with which the external rotor motor 7 is operated in the switch 1, such storage by means of a sliding bearing 23 and / or a ball track 25 is completely sufficient. By pressing the actuator 2 acts then the support member 24 with the bottom of the ball raceway 25 switching on the keypad 15, as well as on the basis of Fig. 7 is apparent.
- the switching elements 11, 12 detecting the rotation and / or the displacement are Hall sensors. How closer Fig. 1 shows, an alternately magnetized ring 27 is mounted on the ring 26. This wreath 27 acts upon rotation of the outer rotor 9 by the actuator 2 with the Hall sensor 11 for signal generation together. In the same way, the Hall sensor 12 can be operated by the actuator 2 for signal generation in displacement of the corresponding magnetized and / or separate magnet having first carriage member 28.
- the switching elements 11, 12, 15 by other sensors, such as magnetoresistive sensors, electrical switches, mats o. The like. Be realized.
- the function of the sliding movement in the manner of a two-level switch is provided with an active haptic.
- the function is initiated by the movement of the actuator 2.
- the actuator 2 ensures the operation in two levels.
- the actuator 2 is mounted on a cross slide 10, so that a linear movement is made possible. This arrangement allows a sliding movement without the external rotor motor 7 is moved. Thus, the mass of the external rotor motor 7 is decoupled from the sliding movement, which in turn brings advantages.
- the actuator 2 deflects the ball lever 16. Is stored, the ball lever 16 in a convex half-shell, so that a pivoting movement is possible.
- the counter bearing is formed by the component ball seat 22.
- a magnet 20 is inserted in the ball lever 16, a magnet 20 is inserted.
- An electro-magnet 13 forms the opposite pole.
- the magnet 20 centers the ball lever 16 and guarantees the return of the actuator 2 after actuation in one of the two levels.
- the force of the magnet 20 In order to deflect the actuator 2, the force of the magnet 20 must be overcome.
- the gap and the relative position of the ball lever 16 leads by the change to a changed magnetic flux. This means that the force is minimized when the ball lever 16 is outside the magnetic field. This creates a haptic for the sliding movement.
- the ball lever 16 Due to the structure of the ball lever 16, a relatively small actuation travel on the actuator 2 can be realized.
- the ball lever 16 acts with a translation, so that a small actuating travel is translated into a large pivoting movement.
- the haptics can be changed.
- different haptic profiles can be mapped and it can also change the force.
- the actuator 2 remain in an end position.
- the enter function can be triggered.
- the associated feel is generated in a simple manner by means of the shift caliper 5.
- the switch 1 can be actuated both by rotation and by displacement
- the invention as described can also be realized on a switch which can be actuated either by rotation or by displacement.
- an enter function can be realized by pressing.
- the Invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiment. Rather, it also encompasses all expert developments within the scope of the invention defined by the claims. Thus, such a multi-function switch in addition to automotive applications as input means for computers, machine tools, household appliances o. The like. Use.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Schalter nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
In der Art eines Joystick- oder Cursor-Schalters ausgebildete elektrische Schalter dienen zur Eingabe von Daten für ein elektrisches Gerät durch einen Benutzer. Beispielsweise werden solche Schalter für Autoradios, Navigationsgeräte, Bordcomputer oder auch zur Steuerung sonstiger Funktionen in Kraftfahrzeugen verwendet, wobei der Schalter beispielsweise am Lenkrad des Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet sein kann. Insbesondere läßt sich ein solcher elektrischer Schalter auch als Multifunktionsschalter zur Menüsteuerung von Funktionen über ein Display im Kraftfahrzeug verwenden.Electric switches formed in the manner of a joystick or cursor switch serve to input data for an electrical appliance by a user. For example, such switches are used for car radios, navigation devices, on-board computers or for controlling other functions in motor vehicles, wherein the switch can be arranged for example on the steering wheel of the motor vehicle. In particular, such an electrical switch can also be used as a multi-function switch for menu control of functions via a display in the motor vehicle.
Ein derartiger elektrischer Schalter ist aus der
In der
Weiter ist aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Mittel zu schaffen, mit deren Hilfe das Verdrehen und/oder Verschieben des einzigen Betätigungsorgans ermöglicht ist, wobei das Betätigungsorgan eine vom Benutzer fühlbare und gegebenenfalls veränderliche Haptik aufweisen soll, und wobei diese Mittel derart ausgestaltet sein sollen, daß der mit hoher Funktionalität versehene Schalter mit kleinem Bauraum auskommt.The invention has for its object to provide means by which the rotation and / or displacement of the single actuator is made possible, the actuator should have a perceivable by the user and possibly variable feel, and wherein these means should be designed such that the provided with high functionality switch with a small space manages.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen elektrischen Schalter durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in a generic electrical switch by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Der erfindungsgemäße elektrische Schalter realisiert einen Dreh-, Drück- sowie Schiebesteller, der in Abhängigkeit von der gewählten Funktion eine veränderliche Haptik für das Drehen und Schieben bietet. Ein solcher Schalter läßt sich vorteilhafterweise als Eingabemittel für das (MM1) Mensch-Maschine-Interface eines Steuergeräts verwenden.The electrical switch according to the invention realizes a rotating, pushing and sliding plate, which offers a variable feel for turning and pushing, depending on the selected function. Such a switch can be advantageously used as an input means for the (MM1) man-machine interface of a controller.
Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Schalters wirkt das Betätigungsorgan mit Drehmitteln derart zusammen, daß das Betätigungsorgan verdrehbar ist und dabei auf ein Schaltelement schaltend einwirkt. Mit dem Betätigungsorgan steht ein ansteuerbarer elektrischer Außenläufermotor in Wirkverbindung, wobei wenigstens ein Teil des Drehmittels aus dem Außenläufer des Außenläufermotors besteht. Mit Hilfe des Außenläufermotors wird eine veränderbare Haptik für die Drehbewegung des Betätigungsorgans erzeugt. Der Außenläufermotor hat gegenüber dem bekannten Innenläufermotor den Vorteil, daß er ein hohes Drehmoment und ein höheres Massenträgheitsmoment bei gleicher Baugröße und/oder Baugewicht aufweist.In a first embodiment of the electric switch according to the invention, the actuating member cooperates with rotating means such that the actuating member is rotatable and thereby acting on a switching element switching. With the actuating member is a controllable electric external rotor motor in operative connection, wherein at least a part of the rotating means consists of the external rotor of the external rotor motor. With the help of the external rotor motor a variable feel for the rotational movement of the actuator is generated. The external rotor motor has over the known Internal rotor motor has the advantage that it has a high torque and a higher mass moment of inertia with the same size and / or construction weight.
Bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Schalters wirkt das Betätigungsorgan mit Verschiebemitteln derart zusammen, daß das Betätigungsorgan in einer Verschiebeebene in wenigstens eine Richtung verschiebbar ist und dabei auf ein Schaltelement schaltend einwirkt. Mit dem Betätigungsorgan steht ein Magnet in Wirkverbindung. Mit Hilfe des Magneten wird eine Haptik für die Verschiebebewegung des Betätigungsorgans erzeugt.In a second embodiment of the electric switch according to the invention the actuating member cooperates with displacement means such that the actuating member is displaceable in a displacement plane in at least one direction and thereby acts on a switching element switching. With the actuator is a magnet in operative connection. With the help of the magnet, a haptic for the sliding movement of the actuator is generated.
Bei einer dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Schalters wirkt zum einen das Betätigungsorgan mit Drehmitteln derart zusammen, daß das Betätigungsorgan verdrehbar ist, und zum anderen wirkt das Betätigungsorgan mit Verschiebemitteln derart zusammen, daß das Betätigungsorgan in einer Verschiebeebene in wenigstens eine Richtung verschiebbar ist. Dabei wirkt das Betätigungsorgan bei Verdrehung sowie bei Verschiebung auf ein Schaltelement schaltend ein. Mit Hilfe eines Kreuzschlittens werden die Verschiebesowie die Drehbewegung vom Betätigungsorgan auf die Verschiebe- sowie Drehmittel übertragen, wobei die Drehachse der Drehmittel in etwa senkrecht auf die Verschiebeebene der Verschiebemittel steht.In a third embodiment of the electrical switch according to the invention, on the one hand, the actuating member cooperates with rotating means such that the actuating member is rotatable, and on the other hand, the actuator cooperates with displacement means such that the actuator is displaceable in a displacement plane in at least one direction. In this case, the actuator acts during rotation and when shifting to a switching element switching. With the aid of a cross slide, the displacement and the rotational movement are transmitted from the actuator to the displacement and rotation means, wherein the axis of rotation of the rotation means is approximately perpendicular to the displacement plane of the displacement means.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Zur Realisierung einer Art von "Enter"-Funktion als Bestätigung für eine Eingabe ist das Betätigungsorgan durch Drücken, und zwar bevorzugterweise in etwa senkrecht zur Verschiebeebene, um wenigstens eine Strecke aus einer Nullstellung in eine Schaltstellung linear bewegbar. Dabei wirkt das Betätigungsorgan in der Schaltstellung auf ein Schaltelement schaltend ein, womit das vom Schaltelement erzeugte Schaltsignal als Eingabe-Bestätigung auswertbar ist. In kostengünstiger Art kann das Schaltelement aus einer Schaltmatte bestehen.To implement a type of "enter" function as confirmation of an input, the actuator is linearly movable by at least one distance from a zero position to a shift position by pressing, preferably approximately perpendicular to the displacement plane. In this case, the actuating member in the switching position acts on a switching element switching, whereby the switching signal generated by the switching element can be evaluated as an input confirmation. In a cost-effective manner, the switching element may consist of a switching mat.
In kompakter Bauweise läßt sich die Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Magneten und dem Betätigungsorgan mittels eines Kugelhebels erzeugen. Der Kugelhebel besitzt eine Kugel in der Art eines Kugelgelenks als Schwenklager. Die gewünschte, einstellbare Kraftübersetzung wird durch das Längenverhältnis der beiden von der Kugel abgehenden Hebelarme bewirkt. Der Kugelhebel weist ein am Betätigungsorgan befestigtes Ende am einen Hebelarm sowie ein freies Ende am anderen Hebelarm auf. Am freien Ende ist ein Permanentmagnet befestigt, der mit dem Magnet zusammenwirkt. Ist der Magnet als ansteuerbarer Elektrohaftmagnet ausgebildet, so kann die Haptik wunschgemäß durch dessen entsprechende Ansteuerung verändert werden.In a compact design, the active connection between the magnet and the actuator can be generated by means of a ball lever. The ball lever has a ball in the manner of a ball joint as a pivot bearing. The desired, adjustable power transmission is effected by the ratio of the length of the two outgoing from the ball lever arms. The ball lever has an actuator attached to the end of a lever arm and a free end on the other lever arm. At the free end a permanent magnet is fixed, which cooperates with the magnet. If the magnet is designed as a controllable electro-adhesion magnet, then the feel can be changed as desired by its corresponding activation.
Die kleine Baugröße des elektrischer Schalters wird weiter dadurch unterstützt, indem der Stator des Außenläufermotors an einer feststehenden, innenliegenden Hohlwelle angeordnet ist. Der Außenläufer ist mittels Gleitlager an der Hohlwelle und/oder mittels einer Kugellauftbahn an einem an der Hohlwelle befestigten Trägerteil des Außenläufermotors drehbar gelagert. Die Kugelaufnahme für das Kugelgelenk des Kugelhebels ist an der innenliegenden Hohlwelle des Außenläufermotors angeordnet. Schließlich befindet sich der Magnet in der innenliegenden Hohlwelle des Außenläufermotors.The small size of the electrical switch is further supported by the stator of the external rotor motor is disposed on a fixed, internal hollow shaft. The external rotor is by means of sliding bearing on the hollow shaft and / or by means of a ball raceway on a support member fixed to the hollow shaft of the external rotor motor rotatably mounted. The ball seat for the ball joint of the ball lever is arranged on the inner hollow shaft of the external rotor motor. Finally, the magnet is located in the inner hollow shaft of the external rotor motor.
Für Anwendungen im Kraftfahrzeug besonders geeignet ist, daß es sich bei den die Verdrehung und/oder die Verschiebung und/oder das Drücken detektierenden Schaltelementen um Hallsensoren, magnetoresistive Sensoren, elektrische Schalter, Schaltmatten o. dgl. handelt. Diese arbeiten fehlerunfällig und sehr zuverlässig.For applications in motor vehicles, it is particularly suitable that the switching elements detecting the rotation and / or the displacement and / or the pressing are Hall sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, electrical switches, switching mats, or the like. These work error-prone and very reliable.
Die Erzeugung der Haptik mittels des elektrischen Außenläufermotors bietet den Vorteil, daß die Wicklungen für den Stator innenseitig liegen und die Permanentmagnete rotorseitig außen geführt sind. Auf dem Rotor und in der innen liegenden, als Hohlwelle ausgebildeten Motorwelle ist die Mechanik für die Schiebebewegung geführt. Dadurch werden die Massen bei der Schiebe- und Drehbewegung entkoppelt. Für die Schiebebewegung ist ein Permanentmagnet mit einer Spule angeordnet, der in Abhängigkeit vom Weg eine aktive Schiebehaptik erzeugt.The generation of the haptic means of the electric external rotor motor has the advantage that the windings for the stator are inside and the permanent magnets are guided outside the rotor. On the rotor and in the inner, designed as a hollow shaft motor shaft, the mechanism is guided for the sliding movement. As a result, the masses are decoupled during the sliding and rotating movement. For the sliding movement, a permanent magnet with a coil is arranged, which generates an active shift feel depending on the path.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß der Schalter trotz hoher Funktionalität eine lediglich geringe Baugröße besitzt und daher mit geringem Platzbedarf auskommt. Damit ist der Schalter für enge Bauräume, wie sie insbesondere am Lenkrad oder auch im Armaturenbrett, der Mittelkonsole, der Armlehne o. dgl. im Kraftfahrzeug gegeben sind, geeignet. Weiter ist der Schalter fehlerunanfällig und besitzt aufgrund seiner Verschleißfreiheit eine hohe Lebensdauer. Der erfindungsgemäße Schalter läßt sich somit vorteilhaft in rauhen Umgebungsbedingungen, beispielsweise in Kraftfahrzeugen, einsetzen. Außerdem weist der Schalter eine gute sowie veränderbare Haptik auf, die sich sowohl aktiv als auch passiv darstellen läßt. Zudem besitzt der Schalter aufgrund des günstigen Wirkprinzips geringe bewegliche Massen und dessen Haptik beziehungsweise Betätigungskraft ist mittels einfacher Regelungstechnik beeinfluß- sowie steuerbar. Trotz hoher Funktionalität ist der Schalter einfach zu bedienen, wobei Fehlbedienungen weitgehend ausgeschlossen sind. Außerdem ist der Schalter kostengünstig herzustellen.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the switch despite high functionality has only a small size and therefore requires only a small footprint. Thus, the switch for tight spaces, as they are given in particular on the steering wheel or in the dashboard, the center console, the armrest o. The like. In the vehicle are suitable. Furthermore, the switch is error-prone and has a long service life due to its freedom from wear. The switch according to the invention can thus be used advantageously in harsh environmental conditions, for example in motor vehicles. In addition, the switch has a good and changeable feel, which can be both active and passive represent. In addition, the switch has low moving masses due to the favorable principle of action and its feel or actuation force can be influenced and controlled by means of simple control technology. Despite high functionality of the switch is easy to use, with incorrect operation are largely excluded. In addition, the switch is inexpensive to manufacture.
Die Nutzung eines Permanentmagneten mit Elektrohaftmagnet und Übersetzung in der Lagerstelle zur Haptikgewinnung besitzt noch die weiteren nachfolgenden Vorteile:
- kein Verschleiß,
- einstellbar,
- gute Zwangsführung (Führung in 2 Ebenen),
- Minimierung der Bauteileanzahl (lediglich ein Magnet für vierfache Haptik),
- kein Energieverbrauch (Vorteil im "Stand-By"- Modus),
- keine Geräuschentwicklung,
- Erzeugung von änderbarer Haptik in der Schiebebewegung,
- die Masse des Motors wird von der Schiebebewegung entkoppelt und
- aktivhaptische Rückmeldung (beim Erreichen eines bestimmten Menüfeldes kann ein mechanischer Impuls in das Betätigungsorgan eingeleitet werden; dadurch bekommt der Anwender eine haptische Bestätigung).
- No wear,
- adjustable,
- good restraint (guided tour in 2 levels),
- Minimization of the number of components (only one magnet for fourfold haptics),
- no energy consumption (advantage in stand-by mode),
- no noise,
- Generation of changeable haptics in the sliding movement,
- the mass of the engine is decoupled from the sliding movement and
- active-haptic feedback (when a certain menu field is reached, a mechanical impulse can be introduced into the actuator, giving the user a haptic confirmation).
Die Erzeugung der änderbaren Haptik in der Drehbewegung durch einen Außenläufermotor mit einer Hohlwelle besitzt noch die weiteren nachfolgenden Vorteile:
- Momente sind einstellbar durch unterschiedliche Bestromung des Motors,
- hohes Massenträgheitsmoment, dadurch wird das Aufschwingen in der Ruhelage minimiert,
- in die Hohlwelle können weitere Funktionselemente verbaut werden,
- hohes Drehmoment,
- kein Verschleiß,
- aktivhaptische Rückmeldung (beim Erreichen eines bestimmten Menüfeldes kann ein mechanischer Impuls in das Betätigungsorgan eingeleitet werden; dadurch bekommt der Anwender eine haptische Bestätigung),
- höhere Momente bei gleicher Energie möglich und
- Reduzierung der Bauteile, denn das Magnetfeld kann zur Auflösung der Winkelposition und Kommutierung genutzt werden.
- Moments are adjustable by different energization of the motor,
- high mass moment of inertia, this minimizes the swinging up in the rest position,
- in the hollow shaft further functional elements can be installed,
- high torque,
- No wear,
- active-haptic feedback (when a certain menu field is reached, a mechanical impulse can be introduced into the actuator, giving the user a haptic confirmation),
- higher moments possible with the same energy and
- Reduction of components, because the magnetic field can be used to resolve the angular position and commutation.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen elektrischer Schalter in teilweise aufgeschnittener perspektivischer Ansicht,
- Fig. 2
- den Schalter wie in
Fig. 1 , wobei Einzelteile weggelassen sind, - Fig. 3
- den Schalter wie in
Fig. 2 , wobei weitere Einzelteile weggelassen sind, - Fig. 4
- eine vergrößerte Ansicht im Bereich des Betätigungsorgans aus
Fig. 3 , - Fig. 5
- einen Längsschnitt durch den Bereich des Betätigungsorgans aus
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- eine vergrößerte Ansicht des dem Betätigungsorgan abgewandten Bereichs aus
Fig. 3 und - Fig. 7
- den Bereich aus
Fig. 6 , wobei Einzelteile weggelassen sind.
- Fig. 1
- an electrical switch in a partially cutaway perspective view,
- Fig. 2
- the switch as in
Fig. 1 , with items omitted, - Fig. 3
- the switch as in
Fig. 2 , where other items are omitted, - Fig. 4
- an enlarged view in the region of the actuator from
Fig. 3 . - Fig. 5
- a longitudinal section through the region of the actuator
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 6
- an enlarged view of the actuator facing away from the area
Fig. 3 and - Fig. 7
- the area out
Fig. 6 , with items omitted.
In
Der Außenläufermotor 7 besitzt einen inneren feststehenden Stator 8 sowie einen äußeren drehbeweglichen Außenläufer 9. Der Stator 8 des Außenläufermotors 7 ist an einer feststehenden, innenliegenden Hohlwelle 21 angeordnet, wie näher aus
Wie weiter der
Wie näher aus
Besonders bevorzugt ist, wenn das Betätigungsorgan 2 sowohl verdreh- als auch verschiebbar ist. Hierzu wirkt das Betätigungsorgan 2 mit den Drehmitteln 4 sowie mit den Verschiebemitteln 6 zusammen, was auch anhand von
Zustätzlich ist das Betätigungsorgan 2 durch Drücken um wenigstens eine Strecke aus einer Nullstellung in eine Schaltstellung linear bewegbar. Diese lineare Bewegung dient als "Enter"-Betätigung und erfolgt in etwa senkrecht zu der durch die Pfeile 5 aufgespannte Verschiebeebene, also in etwa parallel zur Drehachse 14. Dabei wirkt das Betätigungsorgan 2 in der Schaltstellung auf ein Schaltelement 15 schaltend ein. Das Schaltelement 15 kann aus einer Schaltmatte bestehen.In addition, the
Wie in
Der Außenläufer 9 ist an seinem Boden mittels eines in
Bei den die Verdrehung und/oder die Verschiebung detektierenden Schaltelementen 11, 12 handelt es sich um Hallsensoren. Wie näher aus
Anhand des beschriebenen Aufbaus des Schalters 1 sollen noch nachfolgende Merkmale sowie Vorteile besonders herausgestellt werden.Based on the described construction of the switch 1, the following features and advantages will be particularly emphasized.
Die Funktion sowie Haptik der Drehbewegung wird durch einen Außenläufermotor 7 mit einer Hohlwelle 21 erzeugt. Wird das Betätigungsorgan 2 gedreht, so wird durch den Außenläufermotor 7 ein Gegenmoment aufgebaut. Übertragen wird das Drehmoment durch einen Kreuzschlitten 10. In Abhängigkeit vom Drehwinkel wird das Gegenmoment größer oder kleiner. Dies wird am Betätigungsorgan 2 als Rastung empfunden. Die Anordnung durch einen Außenläufermotor 7 mit Hohlwelle 21 hat folgende Vorteile:
- hohes Massenträgheitsmoment der Anordnung, dadurch wird das Aufschwingen in der Ruhelage minimiert,
- in
die Hohlwelle 21 können weitere Funktionselemente verbaut werden und - hohes Drehmoment mit Hilfe der Anordnung erzeugbar.
- high mass moment of inertia of the arrangement, thereby minimizing the swinging in the rest position,
- in the
hollow shaft 21 further functional elements can be installed and - high torque generated by means of the arrangement.
Die Funktion der Verschiebebewegung in der Art eines Zwei-Ebenen-Schalters ist mit einer aktiven Haptik versehen. Die Funktionsgabe wird durch das Verschieben des Betätigungsorgans 2 eingeleitet. Das Betätigungsorgan 2 gewährleistet die Betätigung in zwei Ebenen. Das Betätigungsorgan 2 ist auf einem Kreuzschlitten 10 gelagert, damit eine lineare Bewegung ermöglicht wird. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht eine Schiebebewegung ohne daß der Außenläufermotor 7 verschoben wird. Somit ist die Masse des Außenläufermotors 7 von der Verschiebebewegung entkoppelt, was wiederum Vorteile mit sich bringt.The function of the sliding movement in the manner of a two-level switch is provided with an active haptic. The function is initiated by the movement of the
Das Betätigungsorgan 2 lenkt den Kugelhebel 16 aus. Gelagert ist der Kugelhebel 16 in einer konvexen Halbschale, damit eine Schwenkbewegung möglich ist. Das Gegenlager wird durch das Bauteil Kugelaufnahme 22 gebildet. Im Kugelhebel 16 ist ein Magnet 20 eingelassen. Ein Elektrohaftmagnet 13 bildet den Gegenpol. Der Magnet 20 zentriert den Kugelhebel 16 und garantiert die Rückstellung des Betätigungsorgans 2 nach Betätigung in eine der beiden Ebenen. Um das Betätigungsorgan 2 auslenken zu können, muss die Kraft des Magneten 20 überwunden werden. Das Spaltmaß und die relative Stellung des Kugelhebels 16 führt durch die Veränderung zu einem geänderten Magnetfluß. Dies bedeutet, daß sich die Kraft minimiert, wenn der Kugelhebel 16 außerhalb des Magnetfeldes ist. Dadurch wird eine Haptik für die Verschiebebewegung erzeugt.The
Durch den Aufbau des Kugelhebels 16 lässt sich ein relativ kleiner Betätigungsweg am Betätigungsorgan 2 realisieren. Der Kugelhebel 16 wirkt mit einer Übersetzung, so dass ein kleiner Betätigungsweg in eine große Schwenkbewegung übersetzt wird. Durch das Bestromen des Elektrohaftmagneten 13 in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Kreuzschlittens 10 läßt sich die Haptik verändern. Somit lassen sich verschiedene Haptikprofile abbilden und es läßt sich auch die Kraft verändern. Außerdem kann, falls gewünscht, das Betätigungsorgan 2 in einer Endlage verharren.Due to the structure of the
Durch das Drücken auf das Betätigungsorgan 2 lässt sich die Enterfunktion auslösen. Die zugehörige Haptik wird in einfacher Weise mittels der Schaltmattel 5 erzeugt.By pressing on the
Obwohl es bevorzugt ist, daß sich der Schalter 1 sowohl durch Drehen als auch durch Verschieben betätigen läßt, kann die Erfindung wie beschrieben auch an einem Schalter realisiert sein, der sich entweder durch Drehen oder durch Verschieben betätigen läßt. Zusätzlich kann noch eine Enterfunktion durch Drücken verwirklicht sein. Im übrigen ist die Erfindung nicht auf das beschriebene und dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Sie umfaßt vielmehr auch alle fachmännischen Weiterbildungen im Rahmen der durch die Patentansprüche definierten Erfindung. So läßt sich ein derartiger Mehrfunktionsschalter neben Kraftfahrzeuganwendungen auch als Eingabemittel für Computer, Werkzeugmaschinen, Haushaltsgeräte o. dgl. einsetzen.Although it is preferred that the switch 1 can be actuated both by rotation and by displacement, the invention as described can also be realized on a switch which can be actuated either by rotation or by displacement. In addition, an enter function can be realized by pressing. Otherwise, the Invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiment. Rather, it also encompasses all expert developments within the scope of the invention defined by the claims. Thus, such a multi-function switch in addition to automotive applications as input means for computers, machine tools, household appliances o. The like. Use.
- 1:1:
- elektrischer Schalterelectrical switch
- 2:2:
- Betätigungsorganactuator
- 3:3:
- Drehrichtungdirection of rotation
- 4:4:
- Drehmittelcenter of rotation
- 5:5:
- Verschieberichtung / PfeilDisplacement direction / arrow
- 6:6:
- Verschiebemitteldisplacement means
- 7:7:
- AußenläufermotorExternal rotor motor
- 8:8th:
- Statorstator
- 9:9:
- Außenläuferexternal rotor
- 10:10:
- Kreuzschlittencross slide
- 11:11:
- Schaltelement (für Drehbewegung) / HallsensorSwitching element (for rotary motion) / Hall sensor
- 12:12:
- Schaltelement (für Verschiebebewegung) / HallsensorSwitching element (for displacement movement) / Hall sensor
- 13:13:
- Magnet / ElektrohaftmagnetMagnet / Electrostap Magnet
- 14:14:
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 15:15:
- Schaltelement (für Drücken) / SchaltmatteSwitching element (for pressing) / switching mat
- 16:16:
- Kugelhebelball lever
- 17:17:
- Kugel (am Kugelhebel)Ball (on the ball lever)
- 18,19:18.19:
- Hebelarm (von Kugelhebel)Lever arm (from ball lever)
- 20:20:
- Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
- 21:21:
- Hohlwellehollow shaft
- 22:22:
- Kugelaufnahmeball seat
- 23:23:
- Gleitlagerbearings
- 24:24:
- Trägerteilsupport part
- 25:25:
- KugellaufbahnBall track
- 26:26:
- Ringring
- 27:27:
- Kranzwreath
- 28:28:
- erster Schlittenteil (von Kreuzschlitten)first sledge (from cross slide)
- 29:29:
- zweiter Schlittenteil(von Kreuzschlitten)second slide part (from cross slide)
- 30:30:
- Führung (am ersten Schlittenteil)Guided tour (on the first slide)
- 31:31:
- Nocken (am zweiten Schlittenteil)Cam (on the second slide)
Claims (8)
- Electric switch, in particular in the form of a joystick or cursor switch, with an actuating element (2), wherein the actuating element (2) interacts with rotation means (4) such that the actuating element (2) can be rotated, and wherein the actuating element (2) has a switching effect on a switching element (11) during rotation, and with a variable haptic for the rotary movement of the actuating element (2), characterised in that a controllable electric external-rotor motor (7) is operatively connected haptically to the actuating element (2), wherein the external-rotor motor (7) has an inner fixed stator (8) and an external movable external-rotor (9), and wherein at least a part of the rotation means (4) consists of the external rotor (9) of the external-rotor motor (7), so that the rotary moment of the actuating element (2) is transmitted to the external rotor (9).
- Electric switch according to claim 1, characterised in that the actuating element (2) cooperates with displacement means (6) such that the actuating element (2) can be displaced in a displacement plane in at least one direction, in that the actuating element (2) acts in a switching manner on displacement on a switching element (12), and in that a magnet (13, 20) is in active connection with the actuating element (2), such that a haptic is produced for the displacement movement of the actuating element (2).
- Electric switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the rotary axis (14) of the rotary means (4) is approximately perpendicular to the displacement plane of the displacement means (6), and in that the displacement and the rotary movement is transferred by means of a cross slide (10) from the actuating element (2) to the displacement and rotary means (6, 4).
- Electric switch according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterised in that the actuating element (2) can be moved linearly into a switching position by pressing, in particular perpendicular to the displacement plane by at least one interval from a zero position into a switching position, such that the actuating element (2) in the switching position has a switching effect on a switching element (15), and in that preferably the switching element (15) consists of a switching mat.
- Electric switch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the operative connection between the magnets (13, 20) and the actuating element (2) is produced by means of a ball lever (16), in that preferably the ball lever (16) has a ball (17) in the form of a ball joint as a pivot bearing, wherein in particular the length ratio of the two lever arms (18, 19) coming from the ball (17) effects a translation of force, so that also preferably the ball lever (16) has one end secured to the actuating element (2) on the one lever arm (18) and one free end on the other lever arm (19), in that also preferably a permanent magnet (20) is secured to the free end, which cooperates with magnet (13) and in that also preferably the magnet (13) is designed as a controllable electric holding magnet, in particular for changing the haptic.
- Electric switch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the switching elements (11, 12) detecting the rotation and/or displacement and/or pressing are Hall sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, electric switches, switching mats or the like.
- Electric switch according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the stator (8) of the external-rotor motor (7) is arranged on a fixed, interior hollow shaft (21), in that preferably the external rotor (9) is rotatably mounted by means of slide bearings (23) on the hollow shaft (21) and/or by means of a ball track (25) on a carrier part (24) of the external-rotor motor (7) secured to the hollow shaft (21).
- Electric switch according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the ball mount (22) for the ball joint of the ball lever (16) is arranged on the inner hollow shaft (21) of the external-rotor motor (7) and in that preferably the magnet (13) is located in the inner hollow shaft (21) of the external-rotor motor (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10336507 | 2003-08-08 | ||
PCT/EP2004/008835 WO2005015592A2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2004-08-06 | Electric switch |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1652201A2 EP1652201A2 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
EP1652201B1 true EP1652201B1 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04786211A Not-in-force EP1652201B1 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2004-08-06 | Electric switch |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US7242390B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1652201B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE409950T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004038311A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005015592A2 (en) |
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-
2004
- 2004-08-05 DE DE102004038311A patent/DE102004038311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-06 DE DE502004008164T patent/DE502004008164D1/en active Active
- 2004-08-06 WO PCT/EP2004/008835 patent/WO2005015592A2/en active IP Right Grant
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- 2004-08-06 AT AT04786211T patent/ATE409950T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2006-02-03 US US11/347,767 patent/US7242390B2/en active Active
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US20060124438A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
WO2005015592A3 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
US7242390B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 |
WO2005015592A2 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
ATE409950T1 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
DE102004038311A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
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