EP1415885A1 - Method for the contactless measurement of a transverse profile or the distance between the rails of a track - Google Patents
Method for the contactless measurement of a transverse profile or the distance between the rails of a track Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1415885A1 EP1415885A1 EP03450220A EP03450220A EP1415885A1 EP 1415885 A1 EP1415885 A1 EP 1415885A1 EP 03450220 A EP03450220 A EP 03450220A EP 03450220 A EP03450220 A EP 03450220A EP 1415885 A1 EP1415885 A1 EP 1415885A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track
- rail
- measured values
- rails
- distance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
- E01B35/02—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes for spacing, for cross levelling; for laying-out curves
- E01B35/04—Wheeled apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for non-contact measurement of a Cross sections or spacing of rails of a track, in particular in Switch area, as well as a device for carrying out the method.
- the rail heads of a track to spotlight from the side, with the reflections the light rays by means of a vertically above the rail located photodiode array are detected.
- US 3,864,039 discloses a method in which only the foot of each rail is illuminated.
- a light receiver arranged above the rail registers the shadow cast by the railhead, after which it signals in - the track width representing - position data to be converted.
- the object of the present invention is now to provide a Method of the generic type, a faster and more accurate Determination and evaluation of the relevant for the transition state Measured values possible.
- this object is achieved by a method with the claim 1 listed characterizing features solved.
- the invention also relates to a device for non-contact measurement of a Cross profile or distance of rails of a track, in particular in the turnout area, according to claim 3. This creates the opportunity the - especially for the operational safety of the track especially important - turnout data and parameters reliable, accurate and forward everything completely.
- a typical so-called simple Turnout 1 with a trunk track 2 and a branch track 3 shown which extends between a turnout 4 and a turnout end 5.
- the switch 1 is essentially of rails 6, tongues 7, a Centerpiece 8, wing rails 9 and Reachers 10 assembled.
- On the main track 2 is a track vehicle (indicated only in outline) 11, on which a device 12 for measuring the distance the rails 6 to each other or the cross profile in different Points areas is arranged. Under cross profile are from a normal to the rail longitudinal direction extending cross section resulting To understand rail outlines.
- the measuring device 12 is mounted on a measuring carriage 13 with a frame 14th constructed on the rails 6 via flanged rollers 15 with cylindrical Rolling off treads.
- the measuring carriage 13 is in the switch 1 in Known manner pressed against the continuous rail track; in the present drawing this is the outer and upper rail 6, respectively of the trunk track 2.
- a Abstandsmeßsensor 16 stored, which acts as non-contact and down to the associated Rail 6 directed laser scanner 17 is formed.
- the laser scanner emits 17 is a scanning beam 18, which is one in the longitudinal direction of the Stammgleises 2 or parallel to the scanned rail 6 extending Rotation axis 19 is reciprocated over a scan angle ⁇ . Thereby becomes a normal to the track longitudinal direction scanning plane 20th clamped.
- the laser scanner 17 is not directly above the Rail 6 positioned but slightly towards the track inside offset.
- the preferred dimension x of this offset is 22 mm measured from a reference point A, which is the distance y (preferably 14 mm) below the rail top edge (SOK) on the running edge 21 of the rail 6 is located. It follows, based on the for the track applicable standard gauge of 1435 mm, that the distance the two laser scanner 17 from each other in the transverse direction 1391 mm is.
- the vertical distance between the laser scanner 17 and SOK is preferably 200 mm.
- the horizontally offset positioning of the laser scanner 17 and the size of the scan angle ⁇ resulting in an arrangement in which the scanning plane 20 all those areas the rail 6 and the Radlenkers 10 optimally detected, the wear and Are subjected to wear. This of course also applies to points areas, in which instead of a Radlenkers a heart piece, wing rails or Tongues are present.
- the track vehicle 11 continuously through the switch, the measuring carriage 13 on the (in order to avoid height errors) cylindrically shaped Wheel flange rollers 15 rolls on the rails 6 and the continuous Strand is pressed.
- the measurement is from a starting point - a so-called synchro point - in the switch 1 outgoing carried out.
- the two laser scanners 17 scan continuously in the respective scanning plane 20, while parallel to the covered Path is registered by means of a Wegmeßrades 22 (Fig. 1).
- the driving speed can be about 1 meter / second; in the tongue area is driven at about half the speed.
- Measured variables such as the track width a (FIG. 3), the guide distance b (FIG. 4) or the Radlenker-Leit vomabstand c (Fig. 5), there are, in the longitudinal direction of Turnout 1 seen and depending on the respective Weichentype, to the different points or points 25 the specification of each Setpoints that were pre-stored in the arithmetic unit 23 and which are now compared with the currently measured values.
- the wear of the switch geometry can be decisive determining measuring points 25 at the neuralgic switch points, the are precisely defined by a special soft type, precise and be determined quickly.
- Adhering tolerances are checked automatically. These tolerances be at the individual measured variables (such as the above Sizes: Gauge a, plastole b, Radlenker-Leit vomabstand c, as well as Furthermore, for example, groove width, inlet width on the handlebar, Continuous groove or wear state of the tongue) each 0.25 mm. at The parameters transverse height and twisting have a tolerance of 0.5 mm. If the permissible tolerance limits are exceeded, the Program created a single error report.
- Fig. 6 is - as an example of an important switch point - one on the head a tongue 6 adjacent tongue 7 shown at the upper edge of a is to be detected measuring point 25.
- Further examples of particularly important local or path-dependent to be detected system points of a switch are about the beginning of the tongue of the bending tongue or the beginning the (rigid or movable) frog tip. So that these values are registered a video image is transmitted to the operator. about corresponding event buttons, the system points are recorded locally.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur kontaktfreien Messung eines Querprofils bzw. Abstands von Schienen eines Gleises, insbesondere im Weichenbereich, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for non-contact measurement of a Cross sections or spacing of rails of a track, in particular in Switch area, as well as a device for carrying out the method.
Aus AT 402 953 ist es bereits bekannt, die Spurweite eines Gleises anhand von zwei - jeweils einer Gleisschiene zugeordneten - Abstandsmeßsensoren zu erfassen, die auf einer Radachse eines Schienenfahrzeuges im Bereich zwischen den Schienen gelagert sind.From AT 402 953 it is already known, the track width of a track based of two - each associated with a track rail - Abstandmeßsensoren to grasp on a wheel axle of a rail vehicle are stored in the area between the rails.
Gemäß AT 321 346 ist es weiters bekannt, die Schienenköpfe eines Gleises von der Seite her punktförmig anzuleuchten, wobei die Reflexionen der Lichtstrahlen mittels einer in vertikaler Richtung oberhalb der Schiene befindlichen Fotodiodenanordnung erfaßt werden.According to AT 321 346 it is further known, the rail heads of a track to spotlight from the side, with the reflections the light rays by means of a vertically above the rail located photodiode array are detected.
US 3,864,039 offenbart ein Verfahren, bei dem nur der Fuß jeder Schiene beleuchtet wird. Ein oberhalb der Schiene angeordneter Lichtempfänger registriert den vom Schienenkopf geworfenen Schatten, wonach diese Signale in - die Spurweite repräsentierende - Positionsdaten umgewandelt werden.US 3,864,039 discloses a method in which only the foot of each rail is illuminated. A light receiver arranged above the rail registers the shadow cast by the railhead, after which it signals in - the track width representing - position data to be converted.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun in der Schaffung eines Verfahrens der gattungsgemäßen Art, das eine schnellere und genauere Ermittlung und Auswertung der für den Weichenzustand maßgeblichen Meßwerte ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is now to provide a Method of the generic type, a faster and more accurate Determination and evaluation of the relevant for the transition state Measured values possible.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den in Anspruch 1 angeführten kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method with the claim 1 listed characterizing features solved.
Mit einem derartigen Verfahren ist es nun möglich, die Messung der verschiedenen Weichenparameter bedeutend rascher und präziser durchzuführen, um insbesondere kritische Weichenbereiche einer exakten Kontrolle unterziehen zu können. Dabei können die vorherrschenden Gegebenheiten und Zustände der Schienen und Weichenelemente zuverlässig dokumentiert (und bei Bedarf auch ausgedruckt) werden. Dadurch ist es in besonders vorteilhafter Weise möglich, das Ausmaß der Abnutzung oder des Verschleißes der Schiene, der Zunge, der Radlenker etc. genau zu eruieren, sodaß auf diesbezügliche Unzulänglichkeiten umgehendst und gezielt reagiert werden kann, bevor die Situation gefährlich bzw. die Sicherheit beeinträchtigt werden kann. Die Messungen können außerdem in überaus hoher Dichte - bezüglich der Vorfahrtsrichtung der das Verfahren ausführenden Maschine - erfolgen, sodaß praktisch eine vollständige Inspektion des Weichenzustandes erzielt werden kann. Überdies kann die Messung sowohl vom Weichenanfang als auch vom Weichenende, also von beiden Seiten her, begonnen werden.With such a method, it is now possible to measure the various Make turnout parameters significantly faster and more precise, in particular critical points areas of an exact control to be able to undergo. This can be the prevailing conditions and states of rails and switch elements reliably documented (and if necessary also printed). This is what it is in particularly advantageously possible, the extent of wear or the wear of the rail, the tongue, the Radlenker etc. exactly so that shortcomings can be dealt with and Targeted action can be taken before the situation becomes dangerous or safety can be affected. The measurements can also be in extremely high density - in terms of the direction of the Vorfahrtsrichtung the process exporting machine - done, so that practically a complete inspection the switch state can be achieved. Moreover, the Measurement of both the turnout and the turnout, so be started from both sides.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zur kontaktfreien Messung eines
Querprofils bzw. Abstands von Schienen eines Gleises, insbesondere
im Weichenbereich, gemäß Anspruch 3. Dadurch wird die Möglichkeit geschaffen,
die - speziell für die Betriebssicherheit des Gleises besonders
wichtigen - Weichendaten und Parameter zuverlässig, präzise und vor
allem vollständig zu erfassen.The invention also relates to a device for non-contact measurement of a
Cross profile or distance of rails of a track, in particular
in the turnout area, according to
Zusätzliche Vorteile und Ausbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Zeichnung.Additional advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent the dependent claims and the drawing.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher beschrieben. In the following the invention with reference to an illustrated in the drawing Embodiment described in more detail.
Es zeigen:
In Fig. 1 ist - als repräsentatives Beispiel - eine typische sogenannte einfache
Weiche 1 mit einem Stammgleis 2 und einem Zweiggleis 3 gezeigt,
die sich zwischen einem Weichenanfang 4 und einem Weichenende 5 erstreckt.
Die Weiche 1 ist im wesentlichen aus Schienen 6, Zungen 7, einem
Herzstück 8, Flügelschienen 9 und Radlenkern 10 zusammengesetzt.
Auf dem Stammgleis 2 ist ein (lediglich in Umrissen angedeutetes) Gleisfahrzeug
11 zu sehen, auf dem eine Vorrichtung 12 zur Messung des Abstandes
der Schienen 6 zueinander bzw. des Querprofiles in verschiedenen
Weichenbereichen angeordnet ist. Unter Querprofil sind die aus einem
normal zur Schienenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Querschnitt sich ergebenden
Schienenumrisse zu verstehen.In Fig. 1, as a representative example, a typical so-called simple
Turnout 1 with a
Die Meßvorrichtung 12 ist auf einem Meßwagen 13 mit einem Rahmen 14
aufgebaut, der auf den Schienen 6 über Spurkranzrollen 15 mit zylindrischen
Laufflächen abrollt. Der Meßwagen 13 wird in der Weiche 1 in an
sich bekannter Weise an den durchgehenden Schienenstrang angepreßt;
in der vorliegenden Zeichnung ist dies die äußere bzw. obere Schiene 6
des Stammgleises 2. Im Bereich oberhalb jeder der vom Meßwagen 13
befahrenen Schienen 6 ist auf dem Rahmen 14 ein Abstandsmeßsensor
16 gelagert, der als berührungslos wirkender und nach unten auf die zugeordnete
Schiene 6 gerichteter Laserscanner 17 ausgebildet ist.The
Wie nun auch anhand der Fig. 2 besser zu erkennen, emittiert der Laserscanner
17 einen Abtaststrahl 18, der um eine in Längsrichtung des
Stammgleises 2 bzw. parallel zur abzutastenden Schiene 6 verlaufende
Rotationsachse 19 über einen Scanwinkel α hin- und herbewegt wird. Dadurch
wird eine normal zur Gleislängsrichtung verlaufende Abtastebene 20
aufgespannt. Der Laserscanner 17 ist dabei nicht direkt oberhalb der
Schiene 6 positioniert, sondern geringfügig in Richtung zur Gleisinnenseite
hin versetzt. Das bevorzugte Maß x dieser Versetzung beträgt 22 mm
von einem Referenzpunkt A aus gemessen, der sich um den Abstand y
(bevorzugt 14 mm) unterhalb der Schienenoberkante (SOK) auf der Fahrkante
21 der Schiene 6 befindet. Daraus ergibt sich, basierend auf der für
das Gleis geltenden Standardspurweite von 1435 mm, daß der Abstand
der beiden Laserscanner 17 voneinander in Gleisquerrichtung 1391 mm
beträgt.As can now be seen better with reference to FIG. 2, the
Der vertikale Abstand zwischen Laserscanner 17 und SOK beträgt bevorzugterweise
200 mm. In Verbindung mit der horizontal versetzten Positionierung
des Laserscanners 17 und der Größe des Scanwinkels α ergibt
sich daraus eine Anordnung, bei der die Abtastebene 20 all jene Bereiche
der Schiene 6 und des Radlenkers 10 optimal erfasst, die Verschleiß und
Abnützung unterworfen sind. Dies gilt natürlich auch für Weichenbereiche,
in denen anstatt eines Radlenkers ein Herzstück, Flügelschienen oder
Zungen vorhanden sind.The vertical distance between the
Im Arbeitseinsatz zur kontaktfreien Messung der Weiche 1 wird das Gleisfahrzeug
11 kontinuierlich durch die Weiche verfahren, wobei der Meßwagen
13 über die (zwecks Vermeidung von Höhenfehlern) zylindrisch ausgebildeten
Spurkranzrollen 15 auf den Schienen 6 abrollt und am durchgehenden
Strang angepreßt wird. Die Messung wird von einem Anfangspunkt
- einem sogenannten Synchropunkt - in der Weiche 1 ausgehend
durchgeführt. Die beiden Laserscanner 17 scannnen dabei fortlaufend in
der jeweiligen Abtastebene 20, während parallel dazu der zurückgelegte
Weg anhand eines Wegmeßrades 22 (Fig. 1) registriert wird. Die Fahrgeschwindigkeit
kann etwa 1 Meter/Sekunde betragen; im Zungenbereich
wird mit etwa der halben Geschwindigkeit gefahren.In work for non-contact measurement of the switch 1, the
Zu jedem - durch Auftreffen des Abtaststrahls 18 auf der jeweiligen Schiene
6 bzw. auf einem Weichenelement definierten - Meßpunkt 25 wird nun
sowohl der Abstand vom Laserursprung als auch der Winkel des Abtaststrahls
18 als Meßwert in einem Polarkoordinatensystem gemessen. In
einer auf dem Gleisfahrzeug 11 vorgesehenen Recheneinheit 23 werden
diese Polarkoordinaten der Meßpunkte 25 über ein Programm laufend in
kartesische Koordinaten umgerechnet und - in Verbindung mit der kontinuierlichen
Wegmessung durch das Wegmeßrad 22 - abgespeichert. Die
Meßwerte können parallel dazu auch mit einer Auflösung von bis zu 0,1
mm auf einem Monitor 24 dargestellt werden. Neben den registrierten
Meßwerten werden auch die daraus rechnerisch ermittelten, zugehörigen
Profile abgespeichert und so ein Querprofil der Weiche 1 erstellt. (Es ist
darüberhinaus auch möglich, andere Meßdaten und/oder aufgefundene
Mängel bei Bedarf händisch in das Programm der Recheneinheit 23 einzugeben.)To everyone - by the impact of the
Für die zum Teil in den Fig. 3 bis 5 schematisch bzw. illustrativ dargestellten
Meßgrößen, wie etwa die Spurweite a (Fig. 3), Leitweite b (Fig. 4) oder
den Radlenker-Leitflächenabstand c (Fig. 5), gibt es, in Längsrichtung der
Weiche 1 gesehen und abhängig von der jeweiligen Weichentype, an den
verschiedenen Weichenpunkten oder Meßpunkten 25 die Vorgabe der einzelnen
Sollwerte, die in der Recheneinheit 23 vorgespeichert wurden und
die nun mit den aktuell gemessenen Meßwerten verglichen werden. Durch
die Bestimmung des Ausmaßes der Abweichung von diesen Sollwerten
kann der Verschleiß insbesondere der die Weichengeometrie maßgeblich
bestimmenden Meßpunkte 25 an den neuralgischen Weichenstellen, die
durch eine spezielle Weichentype jeweils exakt definiert sind, präzise und
rasch ermittelt werden.For the partially in Figs. 3 to 5 schematically or illustratively shown
Measured variables, such as the track width a (FIG. 3), the guide distance b (FIG. 4) or
the Radlenker-Leitflächenabstand c (Fig. 5), there are, in the longitudinal direction of
Turnout 1 seen and depending on the respective Weichentype, to the
different points or
Einzuhaltende Toleranzen werden dabei automatisch überprüft. Diese Toleranzen betragen bei den einzelnen Meßgrößen (wie etwa die genannten Größen: Spurweite a, Leitweite b, Radlenker-Leitflächenabstand c, sowie weiters beispielsweise auch Rillenweite, Einlaufweite am Radlenker, Durchlaufrille oder Verschleißzustand der Zunge) jeweils 0,25 mm. Bei den Größen Querhöhe und Verwindung beträgt die Toleranzgrenze 0,5 mm. Bei Überschreitung der zulässigen Toleranzgrenzwerte wird über das Programm ein Einzelfehlerreport erstellt.Adhering tolerances are checked automatically. These tolerances be at the individual measured variables (such as the above Sizes: Gauge a, bourgeoisole b, Radlenker-Leitflächenabstand c, as well as Furthermore, for example, groove width, inlet width on the handlebar, Continuous groove or wear state of the tongue) each 0.25 mm. at The parameters transverse height and twisting have a tolerance of 0.5 mm. If the permissible tolerance limits are exceeded, the Program created a single error report.
In Fig. 6 ist - als Beispiel eines wichtigen Weichenpunktes - eine am Kopf
einer Schiene 6 anliegende Zunge 7 dargestellt, an deren Oberkante ein
zu erfassender Meßpunkt 25 liegt. Weitere Beispiele besonders wesentlicher,
örtlich bzw. wegabhängig zu erfassender Systempunkte einer Weiche
sind etwa der Zungenanfang der abbiegenden Zunge oder der Anfang
der (starren oder beweglichen) Herzstückspitze. Damit diese Werte registriert
werden können, wird ein Videobild zum Bediener übertragen. Über
entsprechende Eventtaster werden die Systempunkte örtlich erfasst.In Fig. 6 is - as an example of an important switch point - one on the head
a
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0072502U AT5911U3 (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2002-10-29 | METHOD FOR CONTACT-FREE MEASUREMENT OF A CROSS-PROFILE OR DISTANCE FROM RAILS OF A TRACK |
AT2002725U | 2002-10-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1415885A1 true EP1415885A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
EP1415885B1 EP1415885B1 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
Family
ID=3498149
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03450220A Expired - Lifetime EP1415885B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-01 | Method for the contactless measurement of a transverse profile or the distance between the rails of a track |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1415885B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100482888C (en) |
AT (2) | AT5911U3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50311750D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1415885T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2329886T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL212085B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2255873C1 (en) |
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- 2003-10-01 ES ES03450220T patent/ES2329886T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-01 DE DE50311750T patent/DE50311750D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-01 AT AT03450220T patent/ATE437787T1/en active
- 2003-10-01 DK DK03450220T patent/DK1415885T3/en active
- 2003-10-22 RU RU2003131043/11A patent/RU2255873C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-23 PL PL363067A patent/PL212085B1/en unknown
- 2003-10-29 CN CNB2003101026833A patent/CN100482888C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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ES2333286A1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2010-02-18 | Schwihag Ag | Inspection and/or monitoring of points in a points installation |
GB2437156A (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | Schwihag Ag | Inspection and/or monitoring of points in a points installation |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL363067A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP1415885B1 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
ES2329886T3 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
RU2255873C1 (en) | 2005-07-10 |
CN100482888C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
AT5911U3 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
RU2003131043A (en) | 2005-04-20 |
DE50311750D1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
CN1499011A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
PL212085B1 (en) | 2012-08-31 |
DK1415885T3 (en) | 2009-09-07 |
AT5911U2 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
ATE437787T1 (en) | 2009-08-15 |
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