EP0709534B1 - Lock activated by an identity carrier - Google Patents

Lock activated by an identity carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0709534B1
EP0709534B1 EP95116769A EP95116769A EP0709534B1 EP 0709534 B1 EP0709534 B1 EP 0709534B1 EP 95116769 A EP95116769 A EP 95116769A EP 95116769 A EP95116769 A EP 95116769A EP 0709534 B1 EP0709534 B1 EP 0709534B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lock
test circuit
code
door
lock according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95116769A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0709534A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Dr. Plasberg
Utz-Udo Ahlers
Bodo Dipl.-Ing. Trieb
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Geisslinger (Fh)
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Hewi Heinrich Wilke GmbH
Original Assignee
Diehl Ident GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0709534A1 publication Critical patent/EP0709534A1/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0676Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents by disconnecting the handle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lock according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Such a lock is known from US-A-5 027 629 with an integrated reader, in one Code number card must be introduced to be electromagnetic in the case of authorization Coupling to the control element for the manual opening of a special locking element to activate, which is functionally a combination of bars and acts in the case of a normal door.
  • a code card physically temporarily in a reader slot on the door fitting need to be inserted so that the door can then be opened manually.
  • Publication does not appear, such as the coding of the lock, for example with regard to multiple authorizations could be done.
  • Another lock with identification carrier activation is from WO-A-91/16517 for hotel doors known in which one arranged towards the interior of the room Function selector can be specified whether the The case of the door lock also from the outer handle (knob or latch) can be withdrawn from the frame; or whether for this from the outside used a key in a conventional manner must be, which is necessary there anyway in order (at not only slammed but locked door) too withdraw the bolt from the striking plate of the frame.
  • the conventional key operation is always required, regardless of whether the function selection is on connect or disconnect the outer actuation handle regarding the trap is set.
  • the trap can only be released via the bolt and not via one conventional lock-cylinder combination operated, but via one assigned to the bolt on the outside of the door Handle, but only with the bolt (for Locking or unlocking movements) in operative connection stands when an electromechanical built into the door Coupling via the outer handle an active connection to releases inner handle or directly to the bolt.
  • This release then speaks and only then by lifting one Lock or engage a clutch when one in the reader or one installed at the door from the outside Code that records with a stored code in predetermined way agrees.
  • the external code feed usually takes place from one to one Radio frequency field queried identifier, which the authorized person in a pocket, for example carries and typically on at least one Has approached the castle in question:
  • the clutch takes effect, and the The person can use the latch and the outside handle Lead the trap back, i.e. open the door - or the bolt drive out into the striking plate when the latch is snapped in, so lock the door. From the inside, as mentioned, for these manipulations not the presence of one appropriately coded identifier, because the handle and knob inside always be in active connection with the latch or bolt; because it can be assumed that within the to be secured Only authorized persons are in the room.
  • a lock that is initially neutral on the production side is closed by individualized the information it received from the master carrier query, which is like in the case of the identifier a high-frequency transponder.
  • Any lock can only be assigned to a single master carrier, and each Master carrier differs in its data set from all other masters. That from a master carrier Information readable into the lock consists of a only awarded once during the production of the master carrier, deterministically generated and therefore known Identifying information, also given only once but customization code generated randomly during production, also known and z.
  • B. on the master carrier is indicated visually, as well as from another randomly generated but unknown during production Control code for cryptographic information encryption to the identity code. Every identity holder too becomes a unique occurrence in production Identifying information deterministic (e.g. simply in continuous Count) that is known. By assignment the identity holder experiences a master carrier cryptographic modification of a control code.
  • the identifier storage content cannot be read Simulate unauthorized persons so that no other identifiers can be created are as part of the individual master carrier-lock assignment. That represents an extraordinary Increase in security against manipulation simple and reproducible after listening Data transmission.
  • the (including that Lock cylinder) is in the present invention replaced by internal and fixed on the door leaf 12 external handling 16.1 / 16.2 in the form of pushers or how represented by rotary knobs. Their manual operation acts on a linkage 17 for pushing out or pulling in of the bolt 15 in or out of the striking plate Door frame, as usual with withdrawal of the latch 14 Pushing back action on the bolt 15.
  • the linkage 17 is in the illustrated embodiment between the handles 16 divided in the sense that only those to be protected Space out, i.e.
  • inside handle 16.2 always over the Linkage 17.2 is in operative connection with the bolt 15; while the one that can be operated from outside the space to be protected Handle 16.1 only in operative connection with the bolt 15 can be brought by the outer linkage 17.1 over a Electromagnetically actuated clutch 18 to the inside Linkage 17.2 or the bolt is connected directly.
  • an undivided linkage optionally to block or to release for actuation.
  • the remote-controlled release is used electromechanical transducer 19, the z. B. an engaging element 21 is ready to connect. That can be done with neutral position of the outer handle 16.1 and of your boom 17.1 for a torsionally rigid connection from the outer handle 16.2 to latch 15, z. B.
  • This authorization must therefore be provided by a mobile small (approx Identifier 25 having a button or card shape that the person concerned is about to reverse infected or sunk in his pocket. Its construction and communication with one in the test circuit 24 contained reader 26 is approximately in the EP-OS 468 394 for a preferred circuit implementation described in more detail. Then the reader 26 radiofrequency energy radiated via a coil antenna 27 in the transponder circuit of the identifier 25 after Requirement of a stored digital identification information modulated and reflected back. If the modulation one corresponds to the approval code 29 stored in the memory 28, what is checked by a microprocessor 30 then a driver circuit 31 for outputting the enable signal 23 for z. B. activated the clutch function and the person standing outside the door with this identifier 25 can the latch 15 together with the outer handle 16.1 Pull latch 14 out of the striking plate, i.e. the door to open.
  • the query antenna needs 27 only from the outside of the door leaf to be responsive. There it is under an aperture 32.1 made of electrically non or little shielding material, especially a commercially available plastic cover covered or integrated in it (edged or poured).
  • an aperture 32.1 made of electrically non or little shielding material, especially a commercially available plastic cover covered or integrated in it (edged or poured).
  • the Antenna lines 36 pass through the door leaf 12 in one Channel 37 and are on the inside of the door leaf 12 the reader 26 connected in the test circuit 24, the in turn arranged in or under the inner panel 32.2 is.
  • the inner aperture 32.2 also takes one replaceable battery 38 for operating the test circuit 24 including drivers 31 for power consumers like the clutch converter 19.
  • a service adapter 40 be made accessible.
  • the interface then becomes a for an emergency opening function external energy source and a service control unit (e.g. in the form of a locksmith laptop) connected to the To control clutch 18 externally and then the door by means of outer handle 16.1 to be able to open.
  • a service control unit e.g. in the form of a locksmith laptop
  • the coupling 18 via the service adapter 40 must, however an individualizing the master carrier 41 of this test circuit 24 Identification information to be known and external, that is, from the service operator panel to a specific data format implemented, entered into the microprocessor 30.
  • This master information is in itself only the rightful before, and she should be a key operator for emergency surgery only communicated via the service adapter 40 if necessary become.
  • this release switch built into the door leaf 12 42 by means of the outer handle 16.1 (about one mechanical switching knobs or a swivel magnet) press and thus through the cable channel 37 to Microprocessor 30 in the test circuit 24 to connect.
  • an acoustic signal generator 43 and / or an optoelectronic Signal generator 44 can be controlled briefly.
  • this code lock 13 that is the one just saved To assign code 29, the identifier 25 in Presence of the master carrier 41 when the release switch is actuated 42 brought into the effective range of the antenna 27.
  • the test circuit 24 this lock stored code 29 in the identifier 25 transmitted over the radio frequency field of the antenna 27.
  • the signal generator 43, 44 After reading code 29 from memory 28 becomes one the signal generator 43, 44 in a significant manner (e.g. twice) controlled, and the operation of the switch 42 can be canceled again (until another identifier 25 in the same way this lock 13 should be assigned).
  • the master carrier must also be deleted 41, a lock test circuit 24 and its identifier 25 is assigned, again in addition to this identifier 25 be in the detection range of the antenna 27, during the Enable switch 42 defined (now about a defined Minimum time period and / or in a certain Rhythm) is operated.
  • This causes the microprocessor 30, via the antenna 27 the memory in the additionally present and identification carrier 25 assigned to this master carrier 41 to delete it without losing the content of the code memory 28 To influence castle 13.

Landscapes

  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The lock (13) has an electro-mechanical coupling between an external door knob and the door release controlled by communication between an identity care (25) incorporating a HF transponder and a verbification circuit (24) in the vicinity of the lock, connected to an antenna (27). The coupling is operated to allow the door to be opened via the knob only when the code read from the identity card corresponds to an authorised access code. Pref. the coupling is only used for the external door knob, for allowing direct opening of the door from the inside via the internal door knob.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schloß gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a lock according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Ein solches Schloß ist aus der US-A-5 027 629 mit integriertem Lesegerät bekannt, in das eine Codenummernkarte eingeführt werden muß, um im Falle der Berechtigung eine elektromagnetische Kupplung zum Bedienelement für das manuelle Öffnen eines speziellen Verschlußelementes zu aktivieren, bei dem es sich funktional gewissermaßen um eine Kombination aus Riegel und Falle einer normalen Tür handelt. Es ist aber ersichtlich handhabungstechnisch recht aufwendig, eine Codekarte körperlich in einen Lesegeräte-Schlitz am Türbeschlag vorübergehend einführen zu müssen, um die Tür dann manuell öffnen zu können. Außerdem ist aus jener Publikation nicht ersichtlich, wie die Codierung des Schlosses etwa in Hinblick auf Mehrfachberechtigungen erfolgen könnte.Such a lock is known from US-A-5 027 629 with an integrated reader, in one Code number card must be introduced to be electromagnetic in the case of authorization Coupling to the control element for the manual opening of a special locking element to activate, which is functionally a combination of bars and acts in the case of a normal door. However, it is evidently right in terms of handling elaborate, a code card physically temporarily in a reader slot on the door fitting need to be inserted so that the door can then be opened manually. It is also from that Publication does not appear, such as the coding of the lock, for example with regard to multiple authorizations could be done.

Ein anderes Schloß niit Identträger-Aktivierung ist aus der WO-A-91/16517 für Hoteltüren bekannt, bei denen über einen zum Rauminnern hin angeordneten Funktionswähler vorgegeben werden kann, ob die Falle des Türschlosses auch von der äußeren Handhabe (Knauf oder Klinke) aus der Zarge zurücknehmbar ist; oder ob hierfür von außen in herkömmlicher Weise ein Schlüssel benutzt werden muß, der dort ohnehin erforderlich ist, um (bei nicht nur zugeschlagener sondern verschlossener Tür) auch den Riegel aus dem Schließblech der Zarge zurückzuziehen. Für das Entriegeln der Tür bleibt nach jenem Stande der Technik also stets die herkömmliche Schlüsselbetätigung erforderlich, unabhängig davon, ob die Funktionsauswahl auf ankoppeln oder abkoppeln der äußeren Betätigungshandhabe bezüglich der Falle eingestellt ist.Another lock with identification carrier activation is from WO-A-91/16517 for hotel doors known in which one arranged towards the interior of the room Function selector can be specified whether the The case of the door lock also from the outer handle (knob or latch) can be withdrawn from the frame; or whether for this from the outside used a key in a conventional manner must be, which is necessary there anyway in order (at not only slammed but locked door) too withdraw the bolt from the striking plate of the frame. For unlocking the door, that remains Technology so the conventional key operation is always required, regardless of whether the function selection is on connect or disconnect the outer actuation handle regarding the trap is set.

Das aber ist verwirrend für den Konsumenten und schafft trotz erheblichen technischen Aufwandes keine wirkliche Bedienungserleichterung ohne Beeinträchtigung der Sicherheit. In Erkenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten liegt vorliegender Erfindung deshalb die technische Problematik zugrunde, die Funktion eines solchen auf berührungsloser Abfrage eines Identträgers ansprechenden Schlosses ohne Sicherheitseinbußen bei gesteigertem Komfort zu vereinfachen.But this is confusing for the consumer and creates despite considerable technical effort, no real ease of use without compromising security. The present invention is aware of these circumstances therefore based on the technical problem that Function of such on a contactless query Identifier's appealing lock without sacrificing security Simplify with increased comfort.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Realisierung gemäß den im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Merkmalen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by an implementation according to those specified in the main claim Characteristics.

Nach dieser Lösung wird auf eine Beeinflussung der externen Betätigungsmöglichkeit nur der Falle ganz verzichtet und stattdessen die berührungslos gesteuerte Funktionskopplung zum Riegel hin verlegt. Für dessen Betätigung ist nun kein herkömmlicher Schlüssel beliebiger Art mehr erforderlich. Stattdessen kann abgesehen von der inneren Klinke, die stets mit der Falle in Wirkverbindung steht, eine innere Handhabe vorgesehen sein, die stets mit dem Riegel in Wirkverbindung steht. So kann von innen stets die Tür über den Riegel verschlossen oder aufgeschlossen werden und im aufgeschlossenen Zustand stets die eingeschnappte Falle zum Öffnen der Tür zurückgezogen werden. Von außerhalb des durch die Tür zu sichernden Raumes dagegen ist die Falle nur über den Riegel freigebbar und dieser nicht über eine herkömmliche Schloß-Zylinder-Kombination betätigbar, sondern über eine an der Außenseite der Tür dem Riegel zugeordnete Handhabe, die aber mit dem Riegel nur dann (für Verschließ- oder Aufschließ-Bewegungen) in Wirkverbindung steht, wenn eine in die Tür eingebaute elektromechanische Kupplung über die äußere Handhabe eine Wirkverbindung zur inneren Handhabe oder unmittelbar zum Riegel freigibt. Diese Freigabe spricht dann und nur dann durch Aufheben einer Sperre oder Eingreifen einer Kupplung an, wenn ein in die oder bei der Tür eingebautes Lesegerät von außen einen Code aufnimmt, der mit einem abgespeicherten Code in vorgegebener Weise übereinstimmt. Die externe Code-Einspeisung erfolgt üblicherweise von einem über ein Hochfrequenzfeld abgefragten Identträger, den die berechtigte Person beispielsweise in einer Hosentasche bei sich trägt und typisch auf wenigstens mindestens einen Meter an das fragliche Schloß angenähert hat: Bei bestimmter Beziehung zwischen Ident-Code und abgespeichertem Code wird die Kupplung wirksam, und die Person kann über die äußere Handhabe den Riegel und die Falle zurückführen, also die Tür öffnen - bzw. den Riegel bei eingeschnappter Falle in das Schließblech herausfahren, also die Tür abschließen. Von innen bedarf es, wie erwähnt, für diese Manipulationen nicht des Vorhandenseins eines passend codierten Identträgers, weil Klinke und Knauf innen stets in Wirkverbindung mit der Falle bzw. dem Riegel stehen; weil davon auszugehen ist, daß innerhalb des zu sichernden Raumes sich nur Befugte aufhalten. After this solution, an influence on the external The possibility of actuating only the case completely waived and instead the non-contact function coupling relocated to the bar. There is now none for its operation conventional key of any kind more required. Instead, aside from the inner jack, that is always in active connection with the trap, an inner one Handle should be provided, which is always in operative connection with the bolt stands. So the door can always be opened from the inside Bars are locked or unlocked and in unlocked state always the snapped latch to Opening the door can be withdrawn. From outside the however, the room to be secured through the door is the trap can only be released via the bolt and not via one conventional lock-cylinder combination operated, but via one assigned to the bolt on the outside of the door Handle, but only with the bolt (for Locking or unlocking movements) in operative connection stands when an electromechanical built into the door Coupling via the outer handle an active connection to releases inner handle or directly to the bolt. This release then speaks and only then by lifting one Lock or engage a clutch when one in the reader or one installed at the door from the outside Code that records with a stored code in predetermined way agrees. The external code feed usually takes place from one to one Radio frequency field queried identifier, which the authorized person in a pocket, for example carries and typically on at least one Has approached the castle in question: At certain relationship between identity code and stored code, the clutch takes effect, and the The person can use the latch and the outside handle Lead the trap back, i.e. open the door - or the bolt drive out into the striking plate when the latch is snapped in, so lock the door. From the inside, as mentioned, for these manipulations not the presence of one appropriately coded identifier, because the handle and knob inside always be in active connection with the latch or bolt; because it can be assumed that within the to be secured Only authorized persons are in the room.

Für Notfälle können auch über einen extern nicht ohne weiteres zugänglichen Serviceadapter die maßgeblichen Informationen (und erforderlichenfalls zusätzlich die Betriebsenergie) in das Schloß eingespeist werden, wenn beispielsweise der Identträger nicht verfügbar ist und die Tür dennoch von außen geöffnet werden muß. Dafür muß von einem Service-Bediengerät autorisierter Schlüsseldienste eine das Schloß individualisierende PIN-Nummer umcodiert und extern in das Schloß eingespeist werden, die dem Nutzer bekannt ist, die sich aber auch aus Datensätzen berechnen läßt, welche auf einem Masterträger enthalten sind.For emergencies, an external cannot easily do so accessible service adapter the relevant information (and if necessary also the operating energy) be fed into the castle if, for example the identifier is not available and the door is nevertheless must be opened from the outside. For that one must Service operating device of authorized locksmiths a das Lock individualized PIN number recoded and external be fed into the castle, known to the user which can also be calculated from data records, which are included on a master carrier.

Ein fertigungsseitig zunächst neutrales Schloß wird durch die Informationen individualisiert, die es vom Masterträger abfragt, bei dem es sich wie im Falle des Identträgers um einen Hochfrequenz-Transponder handelt. Jedes Schloß kann nur einem einzigen Masterträger zugeordnet werden, und jeder Masterträger unterscheidet sich durch seinen Datensatz von allen anderen Masterträgern. Die von einem Masterträger ins Schloß einlesbaren Informationen bestehen aus einer während der Produktion der Masterträger nur einmal vergebenen, deterministisch erzeugten und deshalb bekannten Identinformation, einem ebenfalls nur einmal vergebenen aber während der Produktion zufällig erzeugten Individualisierungscode, der ebenfalls bekannt und z. B. auf dem Masterträger visuell angegeben ist, sowie aus einem weiteren während der Produktion zufallsbedingt erzeugten aber unbekannten Kontrollcode für eine kryptographische Informationsverschlüsselung zum Identcode. Auch jedem Identträger wird bei der Produktion eine nur einmal vorkommende Identinformation deterministisch (z. B. einfach in fortlaufender Zählung) zugeordnet, die bekannt ist. Durch Zuordnung zu einem Masterträger erfährt der Identträger eine kryptographische Abwandlung eines Kontrollcodes.A lock that is initially neutral on the production side is closed by individualized the information it received from the master carrier query, which is like in the case of the identifier a high-frequency transponder. Any lock can can only be assigned to a single master carrier, and each Master carrier differs in its data set from all other masters. That from a master carrier Information readable into the lock consists of a only awarded once during the production of the master carrier, deterministically generated and therefore known Identifying information, also given only once but customization code generated randomly during production, also known and z. B. on the master carrier is indicated visually, as well as from another randomly generated but unknown during production Control code for cryptographic information encryption to the identity code. Every identity holder too becomes a unique occurrence in production Identifying information deterministic (e.g. simply in continuous Count) that is known. By assignment the identity holder experiences a master carrier cryptographic modification of a control code.

Wenn die Informationen vom Masterträger einmal in den Speicher des Lesegerätes eines Schlosses übermittelt wurden, nimmt dieses Schloß keine derartigen Informationen von einem anderen Masterträger mehr an. In Anwesenheit des Masterträgers überträgt das Schloß aber den Identcode in den Speicher eines Identrägers, so daß mittels dessen künftig die Riegel-Kupplung in Fernwirkung freigegeben werden kann. Once the information from the master carrier is in memory the reader of a lock has been transmitted, this lock does not take such information from you other masters. In the presence of the master sponsor but the lock transfers the identity code to the Memory of an ID holder, so that by means of it in the future the bolt coupling can be released remotely.

Da der unbekannte Zufallscode bei der kryptographischen Verschlüsselung für die Identcodegenerierung herangezogen wird, läßt sich der Identträger-Speicherinhalt nicht durch Unbefugte simulieren, so daß keine anderen Identträger erstellbar sind, als im Zuge der individuellen Masterträger-Schloß-Zuordnung. Das stellt eine außerordentliche Steigerung der Manipulationssicherheit gegenüber einer einfachen und nach Abhören reproduzierbaren Datenübertragung dar.Because the unknown random code in the cryptographic Encryption used for ID code generation the identifier storage content cannot be read Simulate unauthorized persons so that no other identifiers can be created are as part of the individual master carrier-lock assignment. That represents an extraordinary Increase in security against manipulation simple and reproducible after listening Data transmission.

Da die elektromechanischen Komponenten dieses Code-Schlosses nicht in das Schloß selbst integriert sind, sondern vorzugsweise in Beschläge (Blenden) am Türblatt 12 oder eventuell auch teilweise in die Wand neben dem Türblatt, ist eine gute mechanische und elektrische Zugänglichkeit für Montage und Wartung gegeben. Die Zuordnung von Transponder-Schlüsselkarten (Identträgern) zu Schlössern, deren Prüfschaltungen durch ihre elektronische Masterschlüssel (Masterträger) individualisiert sind, ist wahlfrei und auch nachträglich änderbar, ohne dabei an die Einschränkungen eines hierarchischen Schließ-Systems gebunden zu sein.Because the electromechanical components of this Code lock are not integrated into the lock itself, but preferably in fittings (panels) on the door leaf 12 or possibly partially in the wall next to the door leaf, is good mechanical and electrical accessibility given for assembly and maintenance. The assignment of Transponder key cards (identifiers) for locks, their test circuits through their electronic master keys (Master carrier) are individual, is optional and can also be changed later without losing the restrictions a hierarchical locking system to be.

Zusätzliche Alternativen und Weiterbildungen sowie weitere bevorzugte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus nachstehender Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche stark abstrahiert skizzierten bevorzugten Realisierungsbeispiels zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung ein Türblatt gegen seine mit einem Einsteckschloß ausgestattete Stirnfläche und mit einer elektronischen Identfernsteuereinrichtung zum mechanischen Freigeben der Ankopplung einer externen Betätigungshandhabe an den Türschloß-Riegel, sowie
Fig. 2
im Blockschaltbild die auf das Türblatt nach Fig. 1 applizierte Identfernsteuereinrichtung.
Additional alternatives and further developments as well as further preferred features of the invention result from the further dependent claims and from the following description of a preferred implementation example for the solution according to the invention, which is sketched in a highly abstracted manner while restricting it to the essentials. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a door leaf against its end face equipped with a mortise lock and with an electronic ID remote control device for mechanically releasing the coupling of an external actuation handle to the door lock bolt, and
Fig. 2
in the block diagram the remote control device applied to the door leaf according to FIG. 1.

Das in Fig. 1 in abgebrochener Darstellung mit Blick auf seine Stirn 11 skizzierte Türblatt 12 ist mit einem Einsteck-Schloß 13 genormter Abmessungen, z. B. nach Art eines handelsüblichen Fallenriegelschlosses, ausgestattet. Dessen Falle 14 kann in herkömmlicher Weise vom Innern des durch die Tür gesicherten Raumes unmittelbar betätigbar sein (etwa mittels einer Türklinke, in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbar), von außen her ist sie es jedoch nur über eine Aufschließbewegung auf den Riegel 15.1 in broken representation with a view of his forehead 11 outlined door leaf 12 is with a mortise lock 13 standardized dimensions, e.g. B. in the manner of a commercially available latchbolt lock. Whose Trap 14 can be in the conventional manner from the inside of the the door of the secured room can be operated immediately (for example using a doorknob, not in the drawing visible), but from the outside it is only one Unlocking movement on bolt 15.

Üblicherweise dient dem Aufschließen der Tür - also dem Rückschieben des Riegels 15 mit gleichzeitigem Rücknehmen der Falle 14 - ein Steckschlüssel. Der (einschließlich dessen Schließzylinder) ist bei vorliegender Erfindung aber ersetzt durch fest am Türblatt 12 installierte innere und äußere Handhaben 16.1/16.2 in Form von Drückern oder wie dargestellt von Drehknaufen. Deren manuelle Betätigung wirkt auf ein Gestänge 17 zum Herausschieben oder Hereinziehen des Riegels 15 in das oder aus dem Schließblech der Türzarge, wie üblich mit Rücknehmen der Falle 14 bei Rückschubeinwirkung auf den Riegel 15. Das Gestänge 17 ist beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen den Handhaben 16 in dem Sinne geteilt, daß nur die zum zu schützenden Raum hin, also innen gelegene Handhabe 16.2 stets über das Gestänge 17.2 in Wirkverbindung mit dem Riegel 15 steht; während die von außerhalb des zu schützenden Raumes betätigbare Handhabe 16.1 nur in Wirkverbindung mit dem Riegel 15 bringbar ist, indem das äußere Gestänge 17.1 über eine elektromagnetisch betätigbare Kupplung 18 an das innere Gestänge 17.2 oder direkt den Riegel angeschlossen wird. Gleicherweise wäre es möglich, ein ungeteiltes Gestänge wahlweise zu blockieren oder zur Betätigung freizugeben. Jedenfalls dient der fernsteuerbaren Freigabe ein elektromechanischer Wandler 19, der z. B. ein Eingriffselement 21 in Verbindungsbereitschaft setzt. Das kann dann bei betätigungsneutraler Stellung der äußeren Handhabe 16.1 und ihres Gestänges 17.1 für eine drehstarre Verbindung von der äußeren Handhabe 16.2 zum Riegel 15, z. B. über die beiden Gestängeteile 17.1/17.2, einen Formschluß herzustellen. Solche Betätigungs-Freigabe ist allerdings nur möglich, wenn der Wandler 19 für Aktivieren der Kupplung 18 von einem Freigabesignal 23 angesprochen wird. Dieses wiederum ergeht dann und nur dann, wenn eine Prüfschaltung 24 der an oder in dem Türblatt 12 installierten Identfernsteuereinrichtung feststellt, daß sich eine zum Öffnen der Tür befugte Person in der Nähe der äußeren Handhabe 16.1 befindet, weil sie einen entsprechend kodierten Identträger 25 mit sich führt.Usually serves to unlock the door - that is Push back the bolt 15 with simultaneous withdrawal the trap 14 - a socket wrench. The (including that Lock cylinder) is in the present invention replaced by internal and fixed on the door leaf 12 external handling 16.1 / 16.2 in the form of pushers or how represented by rotary knobs. Their manual operation acts on a linkage 17 for pushing out or pulling in of the bolt 15 in or out of the striking plate Door frame, as usual with withdrawal of the latch 14 Pushing back action on the bolt 15. The linkage 17 is in the illustrated embodiment between the handles 16 divided in the sense that only those to be protected Space out, i.e. inside handle 16.2 always over the Linkage 17.2 is in operative connection with the bolt 15; while the one that can be operated from outside the space to be protected Handle 16.1 only in operative connection with the bolt 15 can be brought by the outer linkage 17.1 over a Electromagnetically actuated clutch 18 to the inside Linkage 17.2 or the bolt is connected directly. Likewise, it would be possible to use an undivided linkage optionally to block or to release for actuation. In any case, the remote-controlled release is used electromechanical transducer 19, the z. B. an engaging element 21 is ready to connect. That can be done with neutral position of the outer handle 16.1 and of your boom 17.1 for a torsionally rigid connection from the outer handle 16.2 to latch 15, z. B. about the two Linkage parts 17.1 / 17.2 to produce a positive connection. Such Actuation release is only possible if the Converter 19 for activating the clutch 18 from an enable signal 23 is addressed. This in turn happens then and only if a test circuit 24 of the or Ident remote control device installed in the door leaf 12 detects that a person authorized to open the door located near the outer handle 16.1 because it carries an appropriately coded identifier 25 with it.

Diese Befugnis muß also durch einen mobilen kleinen (etwa Knopf- oder Kartenform aufweisenden) Identträger 25 nachgewiesen werden, den die betreffende Person etwa ans Revers angesteckt oder in der Hosentasche versenkt bei sich trägt. Sein Aufbau und die Kommunikation mit einem in der Prüfschaltung 24 enthaltenen Lesegerät 26 ist etwa in der EP-OS 468 394 für eine bevorzugte schaltungstechnische Realisierung näher beschrieben. Danach wird die vom Lesegerät 26 über eine Spulen-Antenne 27 abgestrahlte Hochfrequenzenergie in der Transponderschaltung des Identträgers 25 nach Maßgabe einer eingespeicherten digitalen Identinformation moduliert und zurückgestrahlt. Wenn die Modulation einem der im Speicher 28 hinterlegten Zulassungs-Codes 29 entspricht, was über einen Mikroprozessor 30 abgeprüft wird, dann wird eine Treiberschaltung 31 zur Ausgabe des Freigabesignals 23 für z. B. die Kupplungsfunktion aktiviert und der mit diesem Identträger 25 außen vor der Tür Stehende kann mittels der äußeren Handhabe 16.1 den Riegel 15 samt Falle 14 aus dem Schließblech zurückziehen, also die Tür öffnen.This authorization must therefore be provided by a mobile small (approx Identifier 25 having a button or card shape that the person concerned is about to reverse infected or sunk in his pocket. Its construction and communication with one in the test circuit 24 contained reader 26 is approximately in the EP-OS 468 394 for a preferred circuit implementation described in more detail. Then the reader 26 radiofrequency energy radiated via a coil antenna 27 in the transponder circuit of the identifier 25 after Requirement of a stored digital identification information modulated and reflected back. If the modulation one corresponds to the approval code 29 stored in the memory 28, what is checked by a microprocessor 30 then a driver circuit 31 for outputting the enable signal 23 for z. B. activated the clutch function and the person standing outside the door with this identifier 25 can the latch 15 together with the outer handle 16.1 Pull latch 14 out of the striking plate, i.e. the door to open.

Da davon ausgegangen wird, daß ein an der dem verschlossenen Raum zugewandten Seite des Türblattes 12 Befindlicher stets befugt ist, die Tür zu öffnen (schon um sie als Panik-Ausgang freigeben zu können), braucht die Abfrage-Antenne 27 nur von der Türblatt-Außenseite her ansprechbar zu sein. Dort ist sie unter einer Blende 32.1 aus elektrisch nicht oder wenig abschirmendem Material, insbesondere einer handelsüblichen Kunststoffblende verdeckt oder in diese integriert (eingefaßt oder eingegossen). Um die Antennenwirkung von den Metallmassen des Einsteckschlosses 13 im Türblatt 12 zu entkoppeln, ruht ihre flachzylindrische Spule 33 auf einer quer zur Spulenachse sich erstreckenden dünnen Ferritplatte 34, die ihrerseits auf der der Spule 33 abgewandten Oberfläche von einer an Masse gelegten Kupferfolie 35 kaschiert ist. Die Antennenleitungen 36 durchqueren das Türblatt 12 in einem Kanal 37 und sind auf der Innenseite des Türblattes 12 an das Lesegerät 26 in der Prüfschaltung 24 angeschlossen, die ihrerseits in oder unter der inneren Blende 32.2 angeordnet ist. Die innere Blende 32.2 nimmt außerdem eine austauschbare Batterie 38 für den Betrieb der Prüfschaltung 24 einschließlich der Treiber 31 für Leistungsverbraucher wie den Kupplungs-Wandler 19 auf.Since it is assumed that one of the closed Room facing side of the door leaf 12 located is always authorized to open the door (already at to be able to release it as a panic output), the query antenna needs 27 only from the outside of the door leaf to be responsive. There it is under an aperture 32.1 made of electrically non or little shielding material, especially a commercially available plastic cover covered or integrated in it (edged or poured). To the antenna effect from the metal masses to decouple the mortise lock 13 in the door leaf 12, rests their flat cylindrical coil 33 on a cross to Coil axis extending thin ferrite plate 34, the in turn on the surface facing away from the coil 33 from a copper foil 35 laid to ground is laminated. The Antenna lines 36 pass through the door leaf 12 in one Channel 37 and are on the inside of the door leaf 12 the reader 26 connected in the test circuit 24, the in turn arranged in or under the inner panel 32.2 is. The inner aperture 32.2 also takes one replaceable battery 38 for operating the test circuit 24 including drivers 31 for power consumers like the clutch converter 19.

Für einen Notbetrieb wie externe Einspeisung der Betriebsenergie (weil bei geschlossener Tür die Batterie 38 ausgefallen und niemand im verschlossenen Raum ist, der die Tür von innen öffnen könnte; oder weil der Identträger 25 verlorengegangen oder unbrauchbar geworden ist) kann in der äußeren Blende 32.1 hinter Sollbruchstellen 39 ein Serviceadapter 40 zugänglich gemacht werden. Über solche Schnittstelle wird dann für eine Notöffnungs-Funktion eine externe Energiequelle sowie ein Service-Bediengerät (etwa in Form eines Schlüsseldienst-Laptop) angeschlossen, um die Kupplung 18 extern anzusteuern und dann die Tür mittels der äußeren Handhabe 16.1 öffnen zu können. Für diese Betätigung der Kupplung 18 über den Serviceadapter 40 muß allerdings eine den Masterträger 41 dieser Prüfschaltung 24 individualisierende Identinformation bekannt sein und extern, also vom Service-Bediengerät auf ein spezifisches Datenformat umgesetzt, in den Mikroprozessor 30 eingegeben werden. Diese Masterinformation liegt an sich nur dem Berechtigten vor, und sie sollte einem Schlüsseldienst für eine Notoperation über den Serviceadapter 40 erst bedarfsweise mitgeteilt werden.For emergency operation such as external supply of operating energy (because when the door is closed, the battery 38 has failed and no one is in the locked room holding the door could open from the inside; or because the identifier 25 has been lost or has become unusable) in the outer panel 32.1 behind predetermined breaking points 39 a service adapter 40 be made accessible. About such The interface then becomes a for an emergency opening function external energy source and a service control unit (e.g. in the form of a locksmith laptop) connected to the To control clutch 18 externally and then the door by means of outer handle 16.1 to be able to open. For this actuation the coupling 18 via the service adapter 40 must, however an individualizing the master carrier 41 of this test circuit 24 Identification information to be known and external, that is, from the service operator panel to a specific data format implemented, entered into the microprocessor 30. This master information is in itself only the rightful before, and she should be a key operator for emergency surgery only communicated via the service adapter 40 if necessary become.

Die Installation dieser Schließeinrichtung in das Türblatt 12 erfolgt bei neutralem Speicher 28 in der Prüfschaltung 24. Solange noch kein Code 29 aus dem Masterträger 41 in den Speicher 28 eingeladen wurde, ist die Tür stets auch von außen manuell entriegelbar, also z. B. dafür die Kupplung 18 stets im Eingriff, wenn nur eine Batterie 38 eingesetzt ist. Um einen Berechtigungs-Code 29 in den Speicher 28 zu laden, ist der Masterträger 41 in den Auffaßbereich der Antenne 27 zu verbringen, um über diese den darauf enthaltenen Code 29 auszulesen und einzuspeichern. Die Codeübergabe erfolgt allerdings erst auf manuelle Betätigung eines Freigabeschalters 42, der gesondert (insbesondere versteckt) an einer der Blenden 32 angeordnet sein kann. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 ist vorgesehen, diesen in das Türblatt 12 eingebauten Freigabeschalter 42 mittels der äußeren Handhabe 16.1 (etwa über einen mechanischen Schaltnoppen oder einen Schwenkmagneten) zu betätigen und damit durch den Kabel-Kanal 37 hindurch zum Mikroprozessor 30 in der Prüfschaltung 24 zu verbinden. Zum Quittieren des abgeschlossenen Programmiervorganges kann ein akustischer Signalgeber 43 und/oder ein optoelektronischer Signalgeber 44 kurz angesteuert werden.Installation of this locking device in the door leaf 12 takes place with a neutral memory 28 in the test circuit 24. As long as no code 29 from the master carrier 41 in the memory 28 was invited, the door is always too manually unlocked from the outside, e.g. B. the clutch 18 always engaged when only one battery 38 is used is. To get an authorization code 29 in memory 28 to load, the master carrier 41 is in the pick-up area the antenna 27 to spend on this on it read out code 29 and save it. The However, the code is only transferred when it is operated manually a release switch 42, which is separate (in particular hidden) arranged on one of the panels 32 can be. 1, it is provided that this release switch built into the door leaf 12 42 by means of the outer handle 16.1 (about one mechanical switching knobs or a swivel magnet) press and thus through the cable channel 37 to Microprocessor 30 in the test circuit 24 to connect. To the Acknowledgment of the completed programming process can an acoustic signal generator 43 and / or an optoelectronic Signal generator 44 can be controlled briefly.

Um nun wenigstens einen, zunächst noch neutralen, Identträger 25 diesem Codeschloß 13, also dem soeben eingespeicherten Code 29, zuzuordnen, wird der Identträger 25 in Anwesenheit des Masterträgers 41 bei betätigtem Freigabeschalter 42 in den Wirkbereich der Antenne 27 verbracht. Dadurch wird nun der in der Prüfschaltung 24 für dieses Schloß abgespeicherte Code 29 in den Identträger 25 über das Hochfrequenzfeld der Antenne 27 übertragen. Nach dem Auslesen des Codes 29 aus dem Speicher 28 wird einer der Signalgeber 43, 44 in signifikanter Weise (z. B. zweimal) angesteuert, und die Betätigung des Schalters 42 kann wieder aufgehoben werden (bis ein weiterer Identträger 25 auf gleiche Weise diesem Schloß 13 zugeordnet werden soll). Um zu vermeiden, daß ein Unbefugter einen neutralen Identträger 25 auf den Code 29 eines bestimmten Schlosses 13 mit seiner Prüfschaltung 24 programmiert, ist dieser Vorgang also nur während Anwesenheit des, oder während einer fest vorgegebenen kurzen Zeitspanne ab Aktivierung der Übertragungsschaltung mittels des, Masterträgers 41 möglich. Dieser soll deshalb sicher verwahrt werden, um Mißbrauch zu vermeiden.Now at least one, initially neutral, identity carrier 25 this code lock 13, that is the one just saved To assign code 29, the identifier 25 in Presence of the master carrier 41 when the release switch is actuated 42 brought into the effective range of the antenna 27. As a result, the test circuit 24 this lock stored code 29 in the identifier 25 transmitted over the radio frequency field of the antenna 27. After reading code 29 from memory 28 becomes one the signal generator 43, 44 in a significant manner (e.g. twice) controlled, and the operation of the switch 42 can be canceled again (until another identifier 25 in the same way this lock 13 should be assigned). To prevent an unauthorized person from having a neutral identifier 25 with the code 29 of a particular lock 13 programmed its test circuit 24, this process so only during the presence of, or during a festival predetermined short period of time from activation of Transmission circuit by means of the master carrier 41 possible. This should therefore be kept safe to prevent misuse to avoid.

Wenn ein auf ein bestimmtes Schloß 13 programmierter Identträger 25 auch auf den Code 29 eines anderen Schlosses 13 programmiert werden soll, muß zunächst jenes andere Schloß 13 durch einen anderen Masterträger 41 dafür vorbereitet werden. Außerdem wird, über vorübergehende oder gleichzeitige Anwesenheit des Masterträgers 41 des ersterwähnten Schlosses 13, der Prüfschaltung 24 im zweiten Schloß 13 mitgeteilt, daß ein auf das erste Schloß 13 schon programmierter Identträger 25 nun auch den Code 29 vom zweiten Schloß 13 übernehmen soll. Das erfolgt, ohne den ersten Code 29 zu überschreiben, weil dazu auch der Masterträger 41 des zweiten Schlosses 13 von dessen Antenne 27 erfaßt wurde oder noch wird. Somit ist ein einziger Identträger 25 für die Bedienung wahlfrei unterschiedlicher Code-Schlösser 13/13 herrichtbar, ohne dabei bestimmte starre hierarchische Zugriffsregeln einhalten zu müssen. Um Irrtümer zu vermeiden, ist es zweckmäßig, eine Mehrfach-Zuordnung eines Identträgers 25 nicht selektiv (bezogen auf ein ganz bestimmtes Code-Schloß 13) wieder löschen zu können, sondern nur alle Zugangsberechtigungen auf einem Identträger 25 komplett zu löschen und diesen dann erneut selektiv zuzuordnen.If one programmed to a particular lock 13 Identifier 25 also on the code 29 of another lock 13 is to be programmed, that other must first Castle 13 prepared for this by another master carrier 41 become. In addition, will, via temporary or simultaneous presence of the master carrier 41 des first mentioned lock 13, the test circuit 24 in the second Castle 13 announced that one on the first castle 13 already programmed identifier 25 now also the code 29 from second castle 13 should take over. That happens without the overwrite the first code 29 because the master carrier does the same 41 of the second lock 13 from its antenna 27 was or will be recorded. It is therefore a single identifier 25 differently for the operation Code locks 13/13 can be set up without determining any having to adhere to rigid hierarchical access rules. Around To avoid errors, it is advisable to make a multiple assignment of an identifier 25 is not selective (related to a specific code lock 13) delete again to be able to, but only all access rights to completely delete an identifier 25 and then delete it selectively reassign.

Grundsätzlich muß auch zum Löschen derjenige Masterträger 41, der einer Schloß-Prüfschaltung 24 und ihrem Identträger 25 zugeordnet ist, wieder zusätzlich zu diesem Identträger 25 im Erfassungsbereich der Antenne 27 sein, während der Freigabeschalter 42 definiert (etwa nun über eine definierte Mindestzeitspanne oder/und in einem bestimmten Rhythmus) betätigt wird. Das veranlaßt den Mikroprozessor 30, über die Antenne 27 den Speicher im zusätzlich anwesenden und diesem Masterträger 41 zugeordneten Identträger 25 zu löschen, ohne dabei den Inhalt des Codespeichers 28 dieses Schlosses 13 zu beeinflussen.In principle, the master carrier must also be deleted 41, a lock test circuit 24 and its identifier 25 is assigned, again in addition to this identifier 25 be in the detection range of the antenna 27, during the Enable switch 42 defined (now about a defined Minimum time period and / or in a certain Rhythm) is operated. This causes the microprocessor 30, via the antenna 27 the memory in the additionally present and identification carrier 25 assigned to this master carrier 41 to delete it without losing the content of the code memory 28 To influence castle 13.

Ebenso kann durch eine definierte andere Betätigung des Freigabeschalters 42 während Anwesenheit des Masterträgers 41 im Auffaßbereich der Antenne 27 die Prüfschaltung 24 selbst wieder in ihre neutrale Einbausituation rückversetzt, also ihr Codespeicher 28 gelöscht werden.Likewise, by a different actuation of the Release switch 42 while the master carrier is present 41 in the detection area of the antenna 27, the test circuit 24 put itself back into its neutral installation situation, thus your code memory 28 will be deleted.

Claims (10)

  1. Lock (13) with electromechanical coupling (18) in the functional connection (17) of an external handle (16.1) and with a test circuit (24) installed in the vicinity for activating the coupling (18) in the presence of an identification carrier whose identification code (29) is in predetermined relationship with an authorization code stored in the test circuit (24),
    characterized in that
    an antenna (27) for communicating with external non-stationary transponders is connected to the test circuit (24), items of information being transmittable from a transponder as master carrier (41) into the still neutral, empty test circuit (24) and, in the presence of this transponder, a coded identification code (29) being transmittable from the test circuit (24) to another transponder as identification carrier (25).
  2. Lock according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    it is fitted with a concealed release switch (42), which is to be activated depending on the presence of the master carrier (41), when the lock (13) is to be associated with this master carrier (41) or when an identification carrier (25) is then to be associated with this lock (13) or when such an association is to be cancelled again.
  3. Lock according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the release switch (42) can be manually activated by operating the external handle (16.1).
  4. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that,
    as antenna (27), a flat cylindrical coil (33) rests on a ferrite plate (34), covered on the opposite side with a copper foil (35), with coil axis oriented at right angles to it.
  5. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the test circuit (24) is connected with a code store (28) and with a drive circuit (31) for operating the coupling (18) underneath a panel (32.2) on the side of the door inside the room.
  6. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the neutral, empty, initial assembled state of the test circuit (24) can be supplied with items of information from only one master carrier (41), these items of information including, in addition to a deterministic item of identification information, a randomly given but known individualization code and a control code which is also randomly given but is unknown for a cryptographic coding on transmission of the identification code (29) from the test circuit (24) to an identification carrier (25) brought into the detection range of its antenna (27).
  7. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that,
    underneath a panel (32.1) on the side of the door outside the room, a service adapter (40), which is not easily accessible, is provided for supplying operating energy and/or items oF operational information from a service control unit to the test circuit (24).
  8. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    underneath a panel (32.2) on the side oF the door inside the room, a replaceable battery (38) is provided for operating the test circuit (24) and the coupling (18).
  9. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    an external rod (17.1), which is connected with the external handle (16.1) in such a way as to be stiff against torsion, can be brought into active connection with the bolt (15) of the door by means of a springloaded operating element (21) by way of an internal rod (17.2) which is connected with the internal handle (16.2) in such a way as to be stiff against torsion.
  10. Lock according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a service adapter (40) in the external panel (32.1) is accessible behind a predetermined breaking point (39) and can only be operated by means of the item of identification information, loaded into the test circuit (24), of the master carrier associated with this lock.
EP95116769A 1994-10-31 1995-10-25 Lock activated by an identity carrier Expired - Lifetime EP0709534B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4438832 1994-10-31
DE4438832A DE4438832A1 (en) 1994-10-31 1994-10-31 Lock with identification activation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0709534A1 EP0709534A1 (en) 1996-05-01
EP0709534B1 true EP0709534B1 (en) 1999-01-13

Family

ID=6532111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116769A Expired - Lifetime EP0709534B1 (en) 1994-10-31 1995-10-25 Lock activated by an identity carrier

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0709534B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE175750T1 (en)
DE (4) DE4438832A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104123767A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-10-29 江苏省电力公司江阴市供电公司 Low-power-consumption access system for cabinet of power distribution station

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DE19502288A1 (en) 1996-08-01
ATE175750T1 (en) 1999-01-15
EP0709534A1 (en) 1996-05-01
DE19601959A1 (en) 1997-07-24
DE4438832A1 (en) 1996-05-02
DE59504799D1 (en) 1999-02-25

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