EP0622320A1 - Method and device for cutting a material in sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

To cut sheets (1) out of a web of material (2) precisely in terms of register and format, two separate transverse cutters (39, 40) are provided directly one after the other in the running direction (11), which cutters, in mutual dependence as well as in dependence on the web-length measuring system of an upstream drawing-in device (47), firstly cut the leading end of the web of material (2) in one plane (42) and directly afterwards separate the trailing end of the sheet (1) from the web of material (2) in a further plane (41). The length of the sheets (1) can thus be maintained with high precision at a high operating speed. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to the processing of starting material, such as a material web, to sheet layers, which, in contrast to metallic sheet metal layers, veneer layers or non-metallic building boards, can have significantly greater flexibility or less elasticity and inherent rigidity, as is the case e.g. This is the case for sheet layers made of paper or paper-like materials, the weight of which per square meter is at most 200 or 100 g or significantly less than the corresponding weight of the other sheet layers mentioned. The thickness of the sheet layers can also be very small, with less than half or two tenths of a millimeter.

Sheet layers are separated, for example, from a material web of a predetermined width by cuts transverse to its longitudinal direction and are intended to be dimensionally stable within very narrow tolerance limits, in particular with regard to the distance between the two transverse edges. Is the material web or are the sheet layers before the format-containing edge cuts provided with features such as watermarks, printed marks or other things which, as in the case of banknotes, documents or the like. must have a precisely predetermined position with respect to the outer edges of the sheet layer, it is still difficult to cut the four outer edges, which are usually at right angles to one another.

Watermark e.g. can only be applied to the starting material within relatively large position tolerances, especially with regard to the longitudinal direction of the web. In any case, namely also with printing, the individual feature units can be at a greater distance from one another in the longitudinal direction of the web than that which would allow subsequent sheet layers to be separated from the material web by a single cut in such a way that the two outer edges of both sheet layers produced by this cut would then have the specified distances to the respective characteristic unit. Expediently, only one outer edge of a sheet layer is produced with one cut in each case, while the following sheet layer in the area of the associated outer edge is only pre-cut with oversize and then cut again in a format-appropriate manner by means of a further cut.

The processing which permanently changes the shape of the respective sheet layer can be partially or entirely no separating cut, but instead, for example, a perforation, a crimp, a fold or the like, which is to be made, for example, in a transverse zone adjoining a transverse edge. Furthermore, processing which does not change the shape can be provided, such as is provided, for example, by transport, counting, sensor testing, cleaning, formation of sheet layer streams or sheet layer stacking or the like.

A larger number of single sheets or sheet layers can be stacked on top of one another in the same direction for the format-specific cutting of the only pre-cut outer or transverse edge, after which these sheet layers can be aligned flush with one another in the stack with respect to one to three finished-cut outer edges. Then the pre-cut outer edges of all the sheet layers in the stack are finished cut on a face cutter in a common cut, which proceeds across the stack from sheet layer to sheet layer across the plane of the sheet layers. Such a cut can only be carried out with sufficient accuracy for all sheet layers if the stack thickness is relatively limited. It also has the consequence that the cut edges of adjacent sheet layers due to the cut deformation e.g. interlocking in that fiber particles of the material pressed from fibers or separate sheet layers come into engagement with one another.

Such interlocking complicates the further processing or use of the sheet layers considerably. In addition, the flush alignment of the sheet layers is relatively difficult because they are held in the stack under strong friction. If stacks with a precisely predetermined number of sheet layers are to be produced after the format cut, these must be at least partially separated from each other again for counting from the cut stacks, because the number of layers in a stack to be cut usually differs from the number of layers for manufacturing reasons is provided in a stack to be packed. A very complex method of operation also results because, for example, after separation from the material web, the sheet layers are first collected in a first stack, the number of layers of which is significantly greater than that of the stack to be packed. Partial stacks of this first stack must then be separated to flush alignment, then cut to format, then counted in one or more passes by a counting device depending on the required counting accuracy and finally fed to the packaging in the number-accurate stacks.

For organizational reasons, this is usually not possible in a continuous cycle, but the stacks must be temporarily stored at least once until they can be sent to the subsequent processing. In addition, the sheet layers for cross cutting, finish cutting, counting and packaging each have to be implemented on different devices, which can easily make it possible that sheet layers from different batches of paper are contained in a finished stack package, namely from separate material webs or web rolls, the material of which changes due to Manufacturing tolerances usually differ with regard to one or more material properties, e.g. Grip, wrinkle properties, specific weight and the like. Due to the intermediate storage of the sheet layers at least once between two processing cuts, e.g. on stack pallets, errors in the sheet layers are often only detectable after a relatively long time, namely only when the sheet layers are subjected to further processing or quality inspection.

The invention is also based on the object of creating a device or a method of the type mentioned, by means of which disadvantages of known designs or work processes or disadvantages of the type described are avoided and which ensure accelerated processing, in particular with increased processing accuracy. Be expedient also the mentioned disadvantageous process steps are essentially completely avoided.

According to the invention e.g. At the respective sheet position, initially only provide one of the two transverse zones in the correct position with the associated processing, which is essentially continuous over its entire length, the position of this processing is recorded as a dimension reference basis, and depending on this reference basis, a tool for processing the other transverse zone in the correct position relative to the Material set and immediately followed the processing of this second cross zone. During this processing, the material remains securely and precisely secured in position in relation to the tool or tool bearings, which can be given approximately parallel to the material plane when the tool is stationary and / or when the feed movement is precisely defined. Advantageously, the tool unit carrying out the two machining operations or its zone for the machining intervention and the material between the first and the second machining operations are moved relative to one another by an amount which can differ from the distance between these machining operations, in particular is smaller in comparison. Instead of using a single tool that can be moved back and forth with its tool storage between two working positions, the two machining operations are expediently carried out by separate tools, the separate working zones of which are located one behind the other and which are controlled in such a way that the second machining operation takes place in precise dependence on the first machining operation .

Such processing devices are expediently used for the processing mentioned, which are suitable for carrying out the processing during the passage of the material directed transversely to the processing zone, in which case the respective tool is also controlled as a function of the movement path of the material and the unit which moves the material in a slip-free manner with respect to the processing zones ends the securing of the position. Because the two working positions may not be processed at the same time or in such a way that the second processing begins after the start and before the end of the first processing, the length distance between the two processes can be chosen essentially independently of the distance between the two working positions and only by Control of the movements of the tools or the material feed can be determined. The control can advantageously be adjusted to change the distance between the machining operations.

The first processing is expediently carried out in register-dependent manner on a marking of the material in such a way that the distance of this processing from the marking is precisely defined. For this purpose, the marking is first detected and then the mutual supply between the material and the processing unit is controlled until it is processed. One of the two movements of the material and the tool can take place from the detection of the marking to the beginning or to the end of the respective processing at a substantially uniform speed, so that only the other movement can be changed in its speed in order to adjust to the correct machining intervention got to. After completion of the first processing, the material is moved further and thereby brought into the predetermined position for the second processing, which can take place with continued uniform movement of at least one longitudinal section of the material with respect to both working positions.

With continuous processing, the respective processing device determines an associated processing feed rate during the essentially slip-free intervention in the material. This can be about the same as the feed rate of the material. However, it can also be slightly smaller than that of the material in the area before processing or in the area of the advancing position securing, so that the material is then slightly compressed between the associated working position and the position securing without permanent deformation and immediately after release from the processing intervention is stretched again. Furthermore, it can be greater than the corresponding speed of movement of the material.

The machining feed rate can advantageously be changed to match the speed of the material. In the case of a tool which is driven to rotate about an axis approximately parallel to the feed direction and approximately parallel to the working plane, and which is provided with a work area which is inclined by a few angular degrees in relation to the axis of rotation in the manner of an incline, the machining feed speed can thereby be adjusted that the angle between the axis of rotation and the feed direction is changed in view of the working plane. The angular position of a counter tool that may be provided is simultaneously changed in the same way, so that the mutual engagement of tool and counter tool remains the same despite adjustment.

Regardless of the design or mode of operation described, it may be expedient to design two or more successive machining devices in such a way that the respective machining device does not carry out any machining, although the working movement of its tool is not interrupted or the tool passes through the working position. For this purpose, the tool can be withdrawn transversely to the plane of the material by an amount such that it also releases an uninterrupted passage gap for the material when it executes its movement, which is in itself intended for processing. As a result, the intervals between successive machining operations can be multiplied accordingly without the need to significantly change the interval between the machining devices. Successive processing devices can be alternately transferred to the idle position and the working position.

Likewise, regardless of the designs described, a position securing of the type mentioned for the material can be provided between immediately successive processing devices, by means of which the material is kept precisely defined in relation to the working positions during the first and / or second processing, essentially without slippage, but also during the run can be. This securing of the position holds the material together with the securing of the position in front of or in front of both processing devices during the first processing and possibly during the second processing, after the end of which it transports the material or the separated sheet layer through the subsequent processing device which is not in processing engagement and at the same time absorbs the subsequent sections of the material

Furthermore, regardless of the designs described, a device can also be provided to bring the sheet layers, which are suitable for bringing the sheet layers, which are already running at an intermediate distance one after the other, to a larger or smaller distance, for example, of about 20 mm subsequently brought into an overlap layer in which the sheet layers which overlap one another uniformly form a scaled continuous layer flow. The sheet layers can then be shifted against each other so that they form a sheet stack, in which all sheet layers are essentially flush with one another with essentially all their corresponding outer edges.

Finally, regardless of the designs described, there is also an advantageous arrangement if such sheet layers, which are to be discharged from the processing path for different purposes, are first led away through a common exit and only then moved further in a different direction of movement via a sorting switch or the like. Such sheet layers can e.g. on the one hand for control purposes in a storage area accessible for removal and on the other hand directly to a shredding plant if they have been recorded as a committee. Such rejects result either from material errors that can already be recorded before the above-mentioned cross-processing operations or from processing errors in cross-processing that can be determined from the work movements of the associated tools. In both cases, the exit or the sorting switch is automatically switched to discharge in such a way that only the respective reject sheet position is thereby transferred to the intended branch path.

In the device or method according to the invention, individual features or effects can also be provided in accordance with German patent application P 42 35 452.8, to which reference is expressly made because of the inclusion in the present invention. These characteristics or effects Corresponding features and effects described here can replace and / or be additionally provided.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellungsweise der Herstellung der Blattlagen in Draufsicht,

Fig. 2

die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in vereinfachter Darstellung und Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt der Querschneide-Station gemäß Fig. 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 4

eine Querschneide-Einheit gemäß Fig. 3 in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 5

die Einheit gemäß Fig. 4, teilweise in Draufsicht und teilweise in Ansicht von links und

Fig. 6

eine weitere Station der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 in einer Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 3.

These and further features emerge from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being realized individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields and being advantageous and capable of being protected by themselves Can represent versions for which protection is claimed here. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and is explained in more detail below. The drawings show:

Fig. 1

1 shows a schematic representation of the production of the sheet layers in plan view,

Fig. 2

the device according to the invention in a simplified representation and side view,

Fig. 3

2 shows an enlarged detail of the cross-cutting station according to FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

3 shows a cross-cutting unit according to FIG. 3 in an enlarged view,

Fig. 5

4, partly in plan view and partly in view from the left and

Fig. 6

another station of the device according to FIG. 2 in a representation corresponding to FIG. 3.

According to the invention, sheet layers 1 according to FIG. 1 are to be completely separated from a material or a material web 2, the successive, completely cut sheet layers advantageously being of exactly the same size or of the same design. They then each have two continuously parallel longitudinal sheet edges 3, 4 and two transverse sheet edges 5, 6 at right angles thereto. Before the material web 2 is processed, it is longitudinally marked with marks 7, e.g. Watermarks, which have predetermined or equal longitudinal distances from each other. However, due to manufacturing tolerances or expansions or shrinkages of the material web 2, these longitudinal distances deviate from the respective nominal size. The marks 7 are arranged so that one sheet layer 1 contains such a mark 7 as a reference dimension. Before the trays 1 are separated, the material web 2 is provided with further marks 8 by punching out in the area of a longitudinal edge 4 or the like in such a way that each mark 7 is assigned a mark 8 precisely and each sheet layer 1 has such a mark 8. This can e.g. In the case of stacked sheet layers 1, it is determined from the outside, based on the congruence of the marks 8, whether all sheet layers originate from the same production process.

The longitudinal distance between the marks 7 is greater than the length of the respective sheet layer 1 to be measured parallel thereto, so that between each successive sheet layer a waste strip 9 is to be separated out, which is significantly smaller than the respective sheet layer 1 and through which one between the successive sheet layers 1 wide gap is formed. During this processing, the material web 2 and also the separated sheet layers 1 are moved continuously in their longitudinal direction or in the running direction 11, the respective material section determining a working plane 12 corresponding to its plane, which in FIG Cross section perpendicular to the running direction 11 can be at least approximately horizontal in the area in which the sheet layers 1 are separated.

After severing a sheet ply 1 to form the rear sheet edge 6, the front end of the material web 2 forms a material edge 10 which is complementary to the sheet edge 6 and which lies by the width of the waste strip 9 in front of the predetermined front sheet edge 5 of the next sheet ply to be separated. While the rear end of this sheet layer is still connected in one piece to the material web 2, its sheet edge 5 is produced by a cross section, the associated waste strip 9 being cut off and guided away from the track of the material web 2 or the sheet layer 1 to a collecting station. To produce the sheet edge 5 in a precise position, the mark 7 is first detected and then the position of the associated cross section is determined. Immediately after the production of the sheet edge 5 has ended, the associated rear sheet edge 6 is produced by a further cross section, the position of which is in turn determined as a function of the mark 7 or the sheet edge 5. A further material edge 10 is simultaneously created by this further cross section.

The device 13 provided for this processing and constructed in the manner of a production line has a frame-like base which can be assembled along a conveyor path from frame parts which are arranged one behind the other, so that the individual functional units of the device 13 can be assembled in a modular manner according to the respective requirements. In the area of the beginning of the production line, at least one store 14 is provided for the respective material web 2, which is called Roll is rotatably mounted about an axis approximately parallel to the plane of the material web 2.

The material web 2 is transferred from the store 14 via a length buffer 15, e.g. at least one dancer roller, from which it passes through the effective range of a detector 16, with which material defects are scanned and detected without contact. The material web 2 then passes through a further detector 17, which scans the marks 7 in succession and detects them in such a way that a subsequent processing device 18 is then controlled. With this processing device 18, the marks 8 are produced in one pass.

Thereafter, the material web 2 passes through an approximately vertical direction through a web cleaner 19, with which it is ensured that the web parts separated for the manufacture of the marks 8 are completely removed from the material web 2 and do not run with it. The material web 2 can then pass through the area of action of one or more further detectors, with which e.g. the position and shape of the marks 8 or the effectiveness of the web cleaning can be scanned without contact or in the transmitted light method.

Immediately afterwards, the material web 2 runs approximately in the horizontal working plane 12 through a processing device, namely an edge cutter 20, with which a narrow edge strip is cut off on each long side of the material web 2 in such a way that the material edges 3, 4 are then formed. The edge cutter 20 has a slitter consisting of an upper and lower knife on each side, the two slitters being adjustable transversely to one another in order to be able to change the distance between the material edges 3, 4 or the width of the material web.

After the edge trimming, the material web 2 passes through a further detector 21, with which the respective mark 7 is again detected without contact. Immediately thereafter, the material web 2 passes through a processing unit 22, in which the two sheet edges 5, 6 are produced with separate processing devices, such as cross cutters, in the area of device locations which are immediately behind one another in the running direction 11. The unit 22 operates at a very high frequency, so that it can carry out several hundred cuts or separate sheet layers 1 per minute.

The sheet layers 1 thus separated are taken over by a conveyor 23, which can already grasp the respective sheet position or the front end of the material web 2 before the sheet edge 6 has been cut or before the sheet layer has passed through the last cross cutter in the running direction 11, so that the sheet position is always promoted essentially slip-free. In the area of the conveyor 23, the sheet layers 1 with the spacing gaps one after the other pass through a counting device 24 with which all sheet layers 1 can be counted, namely including those which are intended as rejects or as a control for the discharge. The ejector 25 provided for this purpose is provided immediately after the counting device and transfers the ejected sheet layers 1 either into a tray 26 for removal for inspection or into a sheet layer shredder 27 in which the sheet layer is shredded.

If the transporter 23 can be set to a transport speed that deviates from the path speed of the unit 22, it can be used to move the gap between the successive ones formed by the separated waste strip 9 Sheet layers 1 can be enlarged or reduced depending on the requirements. Instead or in addition, the distance between successive sheet layers 1 can, however, also be effected immediately after the ejector 25, because after ejecting individual sheet layers there are correspondingly larger gaps in the gap, which must be corrected such that after leaving the device 28 performing this distance correction, the gaps between successive ones Sheet layers 1 are approximately the same size. Immediately after the device 28, the sheet layers 1 again individually pass through a counting device 29, with which only the defect-free sheet layers intended for further processing are now counted.

Immediately thereafter, the sheet layers 1 can optionally be fed with a distribution switch 30 to two separate transport routes, one of which can form an approximately level continuation of the working level 12 and which are advantageously offset approximately at right angles to the working level 12 and are approximately congruent. Each transport route has an overlap device 32 or 32a and immediately in front of it a separate counting device 31 or 31a with which the sheet layers 1 conveyed into each transport route can be counted independently of one another. The counting result of the counter 31, 31a can be continuously compared with that of the counter 29 or 24 in the manner of a redudant count. If the count results differ from one another, then a signal can be derived therefrom, by means of which the work of the device 13 is stopped. The result of a counting device which counts the sheet layers in the area of the unit 22 or of its last cross cutter can also be included in this comparison count.

Each overlapping device 32, 32a is followed by a separate stacking device 33, 33a, in which a precisely predetermined number of the overlapping sheet layers is stacked to form an edge-flush stack. Immediately following the stacking devices is a lifting support 34 which can be moved in such a way that it can selectively take over the sheet ply stack produced there from each stacking device 33, 33a. The lifting carrier 34 can transfer the accepted stack to a take-over memory 35 following in the running direction, which is followed by an intermediate storage 36, a packaging device 37, an exit conveyor 38 or the like.

3, the processing unit 22 has two separate processing devices or cross cutters 39, 40, the processing planes 41, 42 of which lie transversely to the material web and are at a distance from one another in the running direction 11 which are smaller than the smallest length of the sheet layers 1 to be produced. Each cross cutter 39 or 40 has on one side of the material web 2 a knife shaft 43 or 45 with a knife bar inserted on the circumference and on the other side of the material web 2 a counter knife 44 or 46 fixed during the cut, with the cutting edge of the cutting edge of the Knife bar of the respective knife shaft 43 or 45 cooperates shearingly during their rotary movement. The cutter shaft 43 of the first cross cutter 39 lies above the material web 2 and the cutter shaft 45 of the second cross cutter 40 on the underside, so that the distance between the two cross cutters 39, 40 can be chosen to be very small without mutual interference.

Immediately in front of the cross cutter 39 is a conveyor 47 for the material web 2, which for all precise machining of the paper web 2 and the sheet layers 1 Material feed and the associated material paths determined so that it acts as a slip-free web holder for the material web 2. All processing or cutting operations that are required for the completion of the respective sheet layer 1 take place before they are separated from the material web 2, which represents the last processing for the production of the sheet layers 1 that are cut on four sides to the correct format and register and perforated at the edges. An electronic path length measuring system is assigned to the conveyor 47, by means of which the feed paths are precisely recorded at a constant feed speed. The transporter 47 has a driven feed roller and a pressure roller which is resilient in its pressure surface and which presses the material web 2 against the feed roller with a contact pressure which can be changed by adjustment.

Between the two levels 41, 42 there is a further conveyor 48, which also lies on both sides of the material web 2 and presses it between itself in the form of a driven transport roller 50 lying under the material web 2 and overlying counter rollers 51, which have the material web only press against the transport roller 50 with its own weight. Endless conveyor belts 53, which are driven by the conveyor roller 50, are guided around the conveyor roller 50 and a further deflection 52, which is offset against the direction of travel 11 and is located directly adjacent to the counter knife 44. A suction device 49 is assigned to the strand of the conveyor belts 53 adjacent to the material web 2, with which the material web 2 can be sucked against this strand without slip until it reaches the transport nip between the transport roller 50 and the counter rollers 51. By the conveyor 48, which is synchronous with the conveyor 47 or with the same The material web 2 is safely guided into the second cross cutter 40 so that the conveyor 48 also acts in the manner of a web holder. Both web holders 47, 48 secure the sheet layer 1 up to the cross-section with which it is separated from the material web 2, after which the sheet layer 1 is only secured by the web holder 48.

The knife roller 43 or 45 of the respective cross cutter 39 or 40 has a working direction of rotation which coincides with the advancing movement of the material web 2. For the waste strip 9 to be separated by the cross cutter 40, the knife roller 45 has a layer holder 54 which secures the waste strip 9 in position against the outer circumference of the associated roller body by suction before the associated cut. As a result, the waste strip 9 adheres immediately adjacent to the knife bar after the cut and follows the working movement of the tool 45, so that the waste strip 9 is safely removed from the transport path of the sheet layers 1. For this purpose, the roller body has channel openings on the outer circumference, which are connected to a suction source before and during the cutting work. Depending on the rotational position of the knife shaft 45, the connection to the suction source is shut off and then replaced by a connection to a pressure source when the waste strip 9 is located in the region of the receiving opening of a collecting shaft 55 which separates the knife shaft 45 from the counter knife 46 surrounding area on a partial circumference. The waste strip 9 is transferred into the chute 55 by the centrifugal forces acting on it and the blown air.

Instead or in addition, the cleaning device 56 formed in this way can also engage on the circumference of the knife shaft 45 and, if appropriate, lie within the shaft 55 Detachers 57, for example a rotating brush roller, have, which mechanically detaches the waste parts 9 from the knife shaft 45 and thereby prevents their return to the cutting zone. A suction flow can also be generated in the chute 55, which sucks off the waste parts 9 from the knife shaft 45.

The work of the cross cutter 39 is precisely controlled as a function of the work of the cross cutter 40 that the rotary movement of the knife shaft 43 is electronically controlled, the rotary movement of the knife shaft 45 with a phase or. Angular displacement follows that the cross cutter 39 then executes the cut when the material web 2 has been moved further after the cut by the cross cutter 40 by an amount which corresponds to the cutting length of a sheet layer 1 minus the distance between the planes 41, 42.

The rotating or other working movement of the tools 43, 45 is detected by means of detection devices or initiators and, taking into account the measurement results of the web length measuring system, is evaluated electronically by comparison of the target and actual values, it being possible to determine whether the cutting length produced is within the specified range Tolerance lies. From this, a signal is derived which controls the ejector 25 in such a way that sheet layers which are possibly out of tolerance are ejected. The tolerance can e.g. are of the order of plus / minus half a millimeter.

Each tool 43, 45 is driven by a separate drive in the form of, for example, a frequency-controlled, dynamic three-phase servo motor with a digital controller, so that even with varying longitudinal distances between the marks 7, the material web 2 has a uniform speed Sheet layers can be cut out in register and format. Knife shaft 45 reacts to changes in the distances between marks 7 via its drive with positive or negative accelerations, which knife shaft 43 follows accordingly.

With an effective circumference of the cutter shaft 43 or 45 in the order of two to two and a half or three times the distance between the planes 41, 42, cutting lengths of the order of two to four can easily be achieved with high cutting speed Three times the distance between the levels 41, 42 lie. E.g. The effective extent, which is essentially the same for both knife shafts 43, 45, is in the order of magnitude between 700 and 750 mm, while the distance between the planes 41, 42 is approximately 300 to 350 mm. With such proportions, the diameter of the cutter shafts 43, 45 is relatively small, which is favorable for the dynamics at the accelerations mentioned and with regard to the maximum peripheral speed.

In order to be able to achieve even larger cutting lengths, for example between 1.4 and 1.8 times greater cutting lengths, without mutual longitudinal adjustment of the levels 41, 42, the cutting gap of the respective cross cutter 39, 40 can be opened in such a way that despite the rotating knife bar passing by no cut is made on counter knife 44 or 46. For this purpose, the respective counter knife 44 or 46, consisting essentially of knife bar and last support, can be retracted with an actuating drive, forcibly controlled, transversely to the working plane by a measure of a few tenths of a millimeter, with this small movement path also resulting in only very low inertia forces surrender. The actuator has, for example, a mechanical cam control 59, which via a Handlebar drive, such as a rocker arm 60 and a plunger 61, is positively connected to the strip holder. This in turn is movably supported by a bearing, which is expediently formed by springs 62 in the form of leaf springs or the like, which at the same time serve as return springs for returning the counter knife 44, 46 into the working position and carry the strip holder at freely projecting ends. This storage and the storage for the associated, driven in the working tool 43, 45 are advantageously provided on a common bracket 63, which also carries the actuator, so that the components mentioned form a self-contained assembly assembly that pre-assembled as a whole can be inserted into the device frame.

The actuator is located on the same side of the working plane as the associated counter knife 44 or 46. In the working position, the respective strip holder is applied by the springs 62 against stops of the bracket 63, which are designed in the manner of prism-like centerings 64, so that the counter knife 44 or 46 is always very precisely aligned despite simple storage in the working position.

The actuators or cam controls 59 can be driven as a function of the feed dog 47 or in synchronism with it so that each tool 43 or 45 only cuts every second or further revolution. At the latest after cutting off the waste strip 9 by the cross cutter 40 and before the tools of the cross cutter 39 engage one another, the latter is moved into the idle position, so that its tools only come into cutting engagement during the following circulation and therefore cut the material web 2 by a correspondingly greater length the cross cutter 39 can be passed. Until with the cross cutter 39 the associated cross-section is then executed and the separated sheet layer 1 has left the cross-section cutter 40, this is held in the idle position.

To control the various working movements, a control device 65 that can be programmed or adjusted with respect to the parameters explained is provided, which is connected via separate signal lines to the detectors 17, 21, the processing devices 18, 39, 40 and the conveyor 47 or 48.

The conveyor 23 serves to pull off the separated sheet layers 1 from the cross cutters 39, 40 and can grasp the front end of the respective sheet layer 1 before, during or immediately after the separating cut by the cross cutter 39 or when the material web 2 or the sheet layer 1 is still gripped by the feed dog 48 or passes through the working gap of the cross cutter 40. The feed dog 23 is expediently driven synchronously with the feed dog 47 or in such a way that its transport running speed is slightly greater than that of the material web 2. As a result, if no waste strip 9 is cut out with the unit 22, but only a single separating cut is carried out between successive sheet layers 1, the respective sheet layer 1 can be accelerated after the separating cut so that it takes up a gap distance from the subsequent sheet layer, which is necessary for the work the discharge device 25, the distribution switch 30 or the overlap device 32, 32a is suitably large.

The conveyor 23 has two sheet layers 1, essentially slip-free, between driven jams, such as endlessly rotating conveyor belts. One of the runners, especially the one on the same side the working plane as the counter knife 46 lies further in the direction of the working gap of the cross cutter 40, namely approximately up to the associated strip holder, so that its rear end is only opposite the circumference of the knife shaft 45 with a gap distance. This runner can be assigned a device similar to the suction device 49 with which the sheet layer is sucked against the runner or the conveyor belts forming it, so that the sheet layer 1 can be gripped and transported essentially without slippage even before the transport gap of the transporter 23, which is limited on both sides, is reached can.

The width of the funnel-shaped narrow entrance of the transport gap can be adjusted so that the clamping force with which the transport runners attack the sheet layers 1 can be changed. As a result, the force with which the transporter 23 pulls the sheet layers 1 out of the unit 22 can also be changed because the sheet position 1 can have more or less slip with respect to the feed dog 23 with a correspondingly low clamping force.

At least in the rear end area adjacent to the cross cutter 40, the transport runners of the conveyor 23 are on a movable carrier, e.g. a carriage 67, which can be moved without disassembling the runner in the running direction 11 away from the cross cutter 40 in such a way that its tools for changing knives or the like are easily accessible from the associated side or away from the cross cutter 39.

The upper transport runner of the transporter 23 extends further in the running direction 11 beyond the ejector 25 than the lower transport runner. The ejector 25 has a convertible diverter 68 with which the sheet layers 1 either the subsequent processing devices or can be fed to a downward branching discharge track 69, in which the sheet layers are first conveyed by the correspondingly deflected lower transport runner of the conveyor 23 after being deflected by the discharge switch 68. At the end of this conveying path, a further, convertible sorter switch 70 is provided in the discharge track 69, through which the discharged sheet layers are fed either to the deposit 26 or to the shredding unit of the document shredder 27.

Simultaneously with the changeover of the discharge switch 68 to discharge, the respective overlapping device 32 or 32a, which is in the associated operation, is stopped by the fact that its drive connection is interrupted by disengaging a clutch. As a result, despite the removal of individual sheet layers, the subsequent sheet layer can be re-aligned in the layer stream in such a way that the gap distances provided for the overlap are retained. As soon as the discharge switch 68 is reset, the overlapping device is put into operation again by coupling.

The device 28 also has transport runners in the form of endless circulating conveyor belts or the like, which delimit a transport gap for the sheet layers 1. The rear end of this transport gap can be adjusted relative to the front end of the transport gap of the transporter 23 approximately in and against the running direction 11 in that the associated bearings or deflections are provided on an adjustable transport carriage 71. The difference in the running speed between the conveyor 23 and the device 28, which is required to achieve the desired correction of the distance gap between successive sheet layers 1, is made manually and / or automatically controllable control gear set, for example, so that the gap width is about 20 mm.

A sheet of material 2 to be processed to register-accurate sheet layers 1 is drawn off by the conveyor 47 from the memory 14 at a uniform speed, scanned for errors with one or more detectors 16 and then after scanning the marks 7 with the detector 17 with the marks accurate to the register 8 provided. The material web is then cleaned by brushing and / or suction and again scanned for its cleaning state, after which edge strips are cut off on both longitudinal sides with the edge cutter 20 in order to ensure cleanly cut or damage-free longitudinal edges 3, 4. Subsequently, the material web 2 passes through the transporter 47, which together with the transporter 48 feeds it to the cross cutters 39, 40 and influences the control of the work of these cross cutters 39, 40. After the front end of the material web 2 has passed through the cross cutter 39 without processing and has been conveyed beyond the level 42 by the transporter 48 reaching close to the level 42, the waste strip 9 is separated off with the cross cutter 40 in such a way that the product produced thereby the front cutting edge 5 lies precisely in register or position with the associated mark 7.

Immediately after completion of this cut, the associated working gap, like that of cross cutter 39, is open for the further passage of the material web. As soon as the point of the material web 2 intended for the production of the cutting edge 6 has reached the level 41, the cross cutter 39 also carries out the corresponding cut in the further pass, after which the sheet layer 1 is then only transported by the conveyors 48, 23 until it is the carrier 48 and has subsequently left the working gap of the cross cutter 40. Up to this moment, the sheet ply 1 runs essentially free of space from the front end of the material web 2 separated from it. The moment at which the next cut is made at the front end of the material web 2 by the cross cutter 40 and the next waste strip 9 is thereby separated , arises between the cut sheet layer 1 and the front end of the subsequent material web 2, the gap, which can be maintained at least up to the device 28 constant.

Claims (10)

Processing device for processing starting material (2), such as a material web, consisting in particular of approximately limp paper-like materials, into material sections or sheet layers (1) which have sheet surfaces and sheet edges (3, 4, 5, 6) and in particular to form at least two transverse regions (5, 6) to be machined transversely to a longitudinal edge (3, 4) and at an intermediate distance from one another, characterized in that for machining on a device base at least one machining device (18, 19, 20, 39, 40) It is provided which, in particular for processing the respective sheet layer (1) in at least one working plane (12) on the sheet transverse zones lying transversely to the longitudinal edge (3, 4) and at an intermediate distance from one another, defines at least one transport path and one working plane (12) Transporter (47, 48, 23) for the mutual movement of the material (2) and at least one processing device in at least one feed direction (11) is assigned. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one dimension reference base and at least two separate processing devices (39, 40) are provided for processing the two transverse zones of the respective sheet layer (1), in particular that the processing devices (39, 40) in the associated The feed direction (11) is arranged in succession and can be controlled as a function of a common measurement reference base (47) or as a function of one another, and that preferably at least two processing devices (39, 40) are arranged directly in succession or in the order of the spacing between the sheets Cross zones or a distance below it are provided, and / or that a processing device, such as a preceding processing device (39), is controlled as a function of a further processing device (40) and that, in particular, for determining the intermediate distance between the sheet transverse zones processing of the two sheet transverse zones between adjacent sheet layers (1) in a register-related manner, depending on the control, a variable distance zone, such as a gap formation by a waste strip (9) that is shorter than the sheet layer, is provided. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one web holder (47, 48) securing the material (2) dimensionally relative to at least one processing device (39, 40) is provided, in particular that a web holder (47, 48) is in front of it of the respective processing device (39, 40) or as a substantially slip-free securing conveyor (47, 48) and that preferably for processing the two transverse zones of the respective sheet layer (1) a subsequent processing device (40) directly in front of a preceding processing device (39) is in processing engagement with the associated transverse zone or the material web (2) is secured with the same web holder (47, 48) in both processing operations and / or that the respective sheet layer (1) as a reference base is one with the Reference marking (7) associated with the material and at least one reference sensor (21) is provided for scanning it and for controlling at least one processing device (18, 39, 40) or at least one conveyor (47, 48), in particular a reference sensor (21) a processing device (40) depending on the supply of the Controls material (2) by a conveyor (47, 48) and that preferably the processing of this processing device (40) forms a reference basis for processing by a further processing device (39). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer holder (48) securing the material (2) is provided between adjacent processing devices (39, 40), in particular that a layer holder (48) for securing only a single sheet layer (1 ) is formed during the processing by at least one processing device (39, 40) or as the material (2) in the approximately continuous pass substantially securing slip-free (48) and that preferably a layer holder (48) has a fluid lock (49) for the material, and / or that at least one processing device (39, 40) has two processing tools (43, 44 or 45, 46) that, in particular, adjacent processing devices (39, 40) approximately overlap one another in view of the associated, essentially common working plane (12), and that preferably at least one processing device (39, 40) is a tool that is approximately stationary during processing ( 44, 46) or corresponding tools (43, 45 or 44, 46) of adjacent processing devices (39, 40) are provided on another of the two sides of the associated working plane (12). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least partially preventing machining or the like by a machining device (39, 40) running in its working movement, at least one machining tool (44, 46) of this machining device (39, 40) transversely to the associated working plane (12) between a working position and an idling position depending on the passage of the material (2), that in particular a tool (44, 46) which is approximately stationary during processing or in the idling position can be moved and that preferably a tool (44, 46) can only be moved by a path which corresponds to the material thickness of the material (2) plus a safety measure which is approximately up to 5 times the material thickness, and / or that at least one processing device (39, 40) is processing -Tool with at least one layer holder (54) for essentially slip-free securing of the material (2) during processing, that in particular a layer holder (54) is provided on a tool (45) driven in a processing movement or for a front transverse zone (9) of the material (2) is and that preferably a layer holder (54) for securing the material (2) has only one side of the material (2) attacking adhesive or the like. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cleaning device (56) is provided for the complete separation of waste parts (9) from the material (2), that in particular to secure at least one waste part (9) before it is separated, one between one Transfer position and a delivery position movable layer holder (54) is provided and that preferably a cleaning device (56) has a suction device, an ejector, a mechanical separator (57) or a transport shaft (55) for the respective waste part (9), and / or that means for forming distances between successive sheet layers (1) are provided, that the spacing means are provided in particular for separating an intermediate transverse strip (9) between the sheet layers (1) or by accelerating the sheet layers (1) to approximately constant adjustable spacing gaps Correction transporter (28) are formed and there Preferably, a processing device (39, 40) is followed by at least one device (33, 33a) for the formation of essentially flush sheet layer stacks, which the sheet layers (1) from the passage through the processing device (39, 40) in the further continuous passage to Stack position can be fed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one device (25) for removing sheet layers (1) from the transport path is provided, and that in particular in the transport path there is a common discharge switch (68) for controls which are determined as rejects or similar sheet layers (1) is arranged and that preferably the discharge switch (68) is followed by a sorting switch (70) for the optional transfer of the discharged sheet layers (1) into separate transport tracks, such as a document shredder (27), and / or that at least one counting device (24, 29, 31, 31a) is provided for counting the sheet layers (1), that in particular one counting device each for the separated sheet layers (1) of a processing device (40), a discharge device (25) or one Distribution switch (30) for distributing the sheet layers (1) is connected on separate transport levels and that preferably at least between ei in the transport direction (11) successive counting devices are operatively connected via a comparison computer with a signal device for emitting control signals. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a memory (14) for the material web (2) along a conveyor track essentially one after the other longitudinal cutter (20), a detection device (21) for detecting sheet position features (7), the Feed of the material web (2) according to the length-measuring transporter (47), two cross cutters (39, 40) working in relation to one another in relation to the dimensions for the accurate and dimensionally accurate production of the front and rear transverse edges (5, 6) of the respective sheet position (1), at least one Diverter (25) for Removal of sheet layers from the conveyor track as a function of an evaluation device which detects the feed and the processing of the material web (2) and at least one device (32, 33) for stacking the sheet layers (1) are arranged in such a way that in particular the sheet layers (1) of the Cross cutters (39, 40) up to the layering device (32, 33) are kept essentially continuously in conveying movement and that preferably the distributing device (25) has a distribution switch (30) for optionally feeding the sheet layers to separate layering devices (32, 33 ; 32a, 33a) is subordinate. Method for processing starting material (2) to sheet layers (1), each with two spaced apart first and second transverse zones (5, 6), in particular with the device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the material (2) larger in relation to the sheet layer (1) in a longitudinal direction (11) is secured in position in relation to at least one processing tool (43 to 46) and the transverse zones (5, 6) successively transversely to the longitudinal direction (11 ) are machined with the respective tool at a predetermined distance from one another, characterized in that first the first transverse zone (5) is machined and a tool (43) depending on the processing position of this first transverse zone (5) for adjustment to the predetermined distance essentially controlled during the securing of the position and thereby adjusted in machining engagement with the second transverse zone (6). Method according to claim 9, characterized in that approximately in the continuous and in the longitudinal direction (11) parallel passage of the material (2) first to form a first transverse edge (5) of the sheet layer (1) from a front material end, a transverse strip (9) is separated and immediately afterwards, after mutual, length-related adjustment of tool (43, 44) and material (2 ) a second transverse edge (6) is cut behind it.

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