EP0276444B1 - Locking device with a large number of locking combinations - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lock according to the preamble of the main claim.

Locking devices of this type are known. They can be formed, for example, by locking cylinders that can be locked with flat keys, or else by locking devices that work with magnetic keys. A lock working with magnetic cards is known in particular from EP 0 024 242, the key carrying magnetic codes, the magnetic fields of which lead to the relocation of the magnetic locking pins when the key is inserted into the lock. Otherwise the key carries no other encodings that can be detected by the lock. It is also known from DE-PS 24 31 497 a key for a photoelectrically actuated lock, in which the shaft of the key is provided with a hole pattern which is optically scanned in the lock. This lock also has no other coding.

These locking devices have in common that the number of locking combinations is of a considerable size, but it is desirable, in particular with regard to locking systems with parent and child keys, to increase the number of locking combinations to increase security. Often there is the disadvantage in such locking systems that the general key, which can be used for all locks of the locking system, has only a relatively simple coding. If there are locking devices that are used by constantly changing users (e.g. in the hotel business), it must also be ensured that the previous user cannot easily obtain a key copy that gives him unauthorized access to the room occupied by the subsequent user procured.

In many known locking devices goes with one Increasing the number of lock combinations also means increasing the size of the key, which has an adverse effect on convenience.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a locking device of the type mentioned at the outset in which the number of locking combinations is increased without the key design increasing. In particular, an emergency key is also to be created which allows the lock to be opened in emergency situations and, moreover, in systems with constantly changing users, it must be ensured that an unauthorized lock operation cannot be carried out in a simple manner. Furthermore, improper use of the emergency key is to be made more difficult and the versatility of the locking device is to be increased.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a reading device which detects a supplementary code of the key and at least one electromagnet controlled by the latter for displacing one of the magnetic locking pins. Basically, the locking device according to the invention can thus be actuated by the key, which actuates a certain number of tumblers in the usual way (eg mechanically or permanently magnetically), in particular in the case of coded magnetic cards. However, according to the invention, at least one tumbler of certain keys can only be brought into the release position by means of the magnetic coil, the magnetic coil being excited by the reading device, which detects the supplementary code of the key when it is inserted into the locking device. If this supplementary code corresponds to the lock coding, the corresponding guard locking is released. According to the present invention, the existing key coding, that is to say the basic code (for example closing notches, permanently arranged magnets), is provided with a supplementary coding (supplementary code), which creates additional security. Such a supplementary code, which as Bar code and / or as a hole pattern passing through the key and / or as a magnetic code (in particular magnetic tape code) that can be detected by an induction reading head does not increase the design of the key. The key can preferably be designed as a card. However, the supplemental code creates a significant increase in the number of coding combinations in conjunction with the normal key code. In addition, the bar code can be changed easily if it is attached to the key as a sticker. The hole code can be changed using additional holes. The magnetic code is changed by additional permanent magnets or, in the case of the magnetic tape code, by changing the information recorded on it. In systems with constantly changing users, the opening code of the locking device can thus be changed with every user change. It is only necessary to ensure that the reading device knows the currently valid code, which can be done, for example, by an update program, the coding of which is updated each time the user changes. The arrangement could be such that the update is carried out independently by the reading device or an electronic circuit of the lock, so that complex cable connections to a central unit can be omitted. The keys issued are provided with the current code by a key issuing unit.

In addition to or as an alternative to this possibility of activating the magnetic coil by means of the reading device, it is provided that the tumbler assigned to the magnetic coil can be brought into the release position by means of the "normal" coding of the key - that is, not via the supplementary code. This opens up the possibility of creating an emergency key which nevertheless allows the locking device to be opened if the reading device or the like fails. Such a failure could be caused, for example, by malfunctions or also by a power failure. Depending on the type of supplemental code the reading device is designed as an optical reading device or as a reading device equipped with an induction magnetic head.

A further development of the invention is characterized by a housing in which there is a slide which can be displaced by means of the magnetic key if the coding is correct and which, in its displacement position, transfers the lock to the unlocking position. The magnetic key can preferably be designed as a card provided with magnetic coding, which preferably carries the bar code on at least one flat side.

According to a special embodiment it is provided that the slide has bearing recesses on its support surface resting on a perforated plate fixed to the housing, in which the tumblers designed as magnetic pins lie displaceably and that the holes of the perforated plate are aligned with the bearing recesses in the basic position of the slide. The basic structure of this arrangement is evident from European patent application 24 242, the locking device having an insertion slot for the magnetic card, the flat side of which comes to lie parallel to the perforated plate when inserted. By inserting the magnetic card, an anchor plate is displaced, which before inserting it has attracted the magnetic pins lying in the bearing recesses and thereby shifted such that they only partially lie in the bearing recesses and reach through with one section the perforated plate fixed to the housing. In this state, the slide can therefore not be moved into its shift position. Only when the magnetic card is inserted are the magnetic pins, if the card is correctly encoded, juxtaposed with the magnetic poles of the same name on the card and the corresponding magnetic pin, and are pressed completely back into the bearing recesses, thereby eliminating the intervention in the perforated plate. The slide can then be moved into the shift position via the magnetic card, whereby the lock is transferred to its unlocked position. According to one embodiment of the invention, part of the magnetic pins can form the basic code by position, number and polarization, while another part creates the supplementary code.

It can preferably be provided that at least one of the bearing recesses is arranged in a magnetic pin carrier rotatably mounted on the slide and fixable in certain rotational positions. The shifting of the magnetic pin carrier allows an additional variation of the coding combinations.

For a simple structure of the locking device and with regard to the use of at least one tumbler for the basic code and / or the supplementary code, it is provided that at least one of the bearing recesses is surrounded by the magnetic coil. This bearing recess then houses the tumbler, which can be controlled by the reading device when using the normal key.

A further development of the invention also consists of a security device consisting of a lock and magnetic key with a housing in which a slide which can be displaced by means of the tumblers in the release position is located and which, in its displacement position, transfers the lock to the unlocked position, one of which is a supplementary code of the key detecting reading device is provided which controls at least one additional tumbler releasing the slide.

In this case, the additional tumbler can preferably be formed by an electromagnetically displaceable tumbler pin which engages in a recess in the slide in the locked position.

The locking device according to the invention can be implemented particularly easily using already existing locks if a relining housing which can be attached to the lock housing and which essentially accommodates the reading device and possibly the additional guard locking is provided. Thus, an already known lock can be converted into an object according to the invention with simple means if the lock housing of this lock is fastened to the relining housing, it only being necessary to ensure that the reading device essentially present in the relining housing has access to the key with its reading sensor. The additional tumbler interacting with the slide is to be accommodated in a suitable manner in the lock housing and / or relining housing. This can be done, for example, by creating an access channel to the slide in which the guard locking is located.

In order to secure the locking device according to the invention against manipulation, at least one bearing recess is provided on the sliding side opposite the bearing surface of the slide, the magnetic pin of which cooperates in the locked position with a stop on the housing side. These measures are intended to prevent unauthorized opening of the lock, which could be brought about, for example, by striking the lock housing by means of a hammer or the like, so that the tumbler magnetic pins slide out of the holes in the perforated plate due to the vibrations. Such a shift may occur when the lock is struck with all magnetic pins simultaneously and in the same direction, so that the additionally provided magnetic pin partly comes out of the associated bearing recess due to its position on the slide surface opposite the contact surface of the slide and in engagement with the housing side Stop reached. This is a Slide displacement is also excluded if the other magnetic pins have left their locking position due to the impact.

Key cards can be provided as keys, which can be divided into normal key cards and emergency key cards. In the normal key card, which is a subordinate card, it is provided that the coding point assigned to the electromagnetically controlled tumbler is designed as a non-magnetic zone. With such a card, the special tumbler surrounded by the magnetic coil cannot be actuated by means of the basic code. Rather, this actuation must be carried out by means of the supplementary code, which is read by the reading device and, via the excitation of the magnetic coil, converts the corresponding tumbler into the release position.

In addition to such a subordinate normal key card, the superordinate emergency key card is provided, which is only issued to specially authorized persons. This emergency key card has a magnetic zone at its coding point assigned to the electromagnetically controlled tumbler. Thus, by means of this magnetic zone, when the emergency key is inserted into the lock, the guard locking which can normally only be displaced by excitation of the magnetic coil can also be transferred into the release position. The magnetic zone thus replaces the excitation of the magnetic coil, for example in the event that excitation of the magnetic coil is not possible due to a technical defect or a power failure.

The locking device according to the invention can be used in a system for the uncontrolled control of the use of locking devices, in particular lockers and / or access areas requiring authorization or the like, e.g. B. used in baths, reading rooms, hotels or the like will. In such a case, the locking device consists of several locks and an individual key card assigned to each user, wherein the lock and key card can be designed according to the above statements. According to the invention, lower-level locks to be closed with the basic code of the card and higher-level locks to be closed with the additional code or the combination of basic code and additional code are provided. The subordinate locks can be used on lockers, for example. However, in order to enter the access area that requires authorization, it is necessary to use the supplementary code or the combination of the basic code and the supplementary code. The same applies to a corresponding lock in the exit area of the access area, so that the access and exit control in this area is subject to greater security than the use of the locker or the like.

It can also be provided that the actuation of the higher-level locks is reported to a detection unit. This detection unit preferably detects the number of closings of the respective lock and / or the closing time. By registering this data, it is possible to control the time the user stays in the access area, which is necessary, for example, if the swimming pool is used for a limited time. In addition, the recording option offers the presentation of various services, for example it is possible to activate a vending machine using the device according to the invention for dispensing a beverage. To do this, the card is inserted into a slot in the vending machine and the beverage is removed. The vending machine is provided with a higher-level lock so that the removal of the beverage is reported to the registration unit. When leaving the access area, the user will then receive an invoice for the services they have used presents what can be done, for example, by displaying the invoice amount on a display. The creation of the invoice is triggered by inserting the card into the display unit. Only when the user has thrown a corresponding amount of money into the display unit can the access area be left by means of a corresponding lock-operated barrier. Such handling is not limited to the delivery of drinks, but can of course also for other services, such. B. the use of hair dryers, solariums, rent payment for umbrellas, etc. can be used.

Furthermore, according to a further development of the invention, it is provided that when the user changes, the supplementary code is changed with the same basic code. It is therefore not possible for the previous user to whom a very specific supplementary code was assigned to leave an unpaid invoice amount for his subsequent user, since the subsequent user receives a new, different supplementary code.

The arrangement can also be such that the user has to pay a certain amount of money at the entrance of the access area before using the locking devices, from which the corresponding amount is then debited during his stay when certain services are used. When leaving the access area, the amount of money not used is paid out or an additional payment is requested.

The entire system can work automatically through the use of machines, so that no cashier or the like to be staffed are necessary.

According to another development of the invention, an additional function is sought. In the locking device described above, there is the possibility that by means of An unrecognized locking of the lock takes place, although there is no emergency situation. This emergency situation is always present, for example, when the lock electronics cannot be used, e.g. due to a power supply failure. The use of emergency keys should be reserved for these exceptional cases. In other words, this means that if the locking device is functional, the lock should be closed with the normal key, while in the event of a failure of the electronics, the emergency key must be used, which allows purely mechanical, permanent-magnetic locking.

For this purpose, according to a development of the invention, the locking device consisting of the lock and key has a housing in which there is a slide which can be displaced by means of the tumblers to be transferred in the release position and which, in its displacement position, transfers the lock to the unlocking position, the key being a magnetic code trained basic code, which shifts the tumblers due to magnetic forces, as well as with a reading device which detects an additional code of the key, which controls at least one additional tumbler electromagnetically and with an emergency key, in particular for use with non-functional lock electronics, which emergency key in addition to the magnetic basic code its coding location assigned to the electromagnetically controlled tumbler has a magnetic zone for the tumbler shift, one by moving the slide into its shift position responsive sensor of the lock electronics for functionality monitoring circuit is provided, which emits a signal indicating the present operating state signal when the sensor responds when the lock electronics are functioning and emergency key operation. By means of the sensor according to the invention there is the possibility of monitoring the operating state of the locking device. If the slide is moved using the emergency key, although the lock electronics are functional, a signal is emitted. The monitoring circuit emits this signal if it detects that the lock electronics are ready for use and that it receives the sensor signal due to the slide displacement, with the additional information being available that the slide displacement was carried out by means of the emergency key. The monitoring circuit receives the knowledge that an emergency key has been used due to the fact that a sensor signal is received, which indicates a slide displacement, although the reading device has not detected a supplementary code. The monitoring circuit is therefore also connected to the reading device. If there is a failure of the lock electronics, which is the case, for example, in the event of a supply voltage failure or exhausted battery capacity, the tumblers are shifted on the one hand via the magnetic forces of the basic code designed as a magnetic code and on the other hand via the magnetic effect of the magnetic zone of the emergency key, which changes in the the coding point assigned to the electromagnetically controlled tumbler is located and accordingly leads to the corresponding tumbler pin displacement without the use of an electromagnet. In such an emergency key case, of course, no signal is emitted by the monitoring circuit, since this is then not functional. The absence of the signal is desired according to the invention, since then there is proper emergency key operation which does not require any special notification. In this way it is ensured that the high level of intelligence of the locking device is not undermined by the fact that, for reasons of convenience, for example, not the key provided with the basic and supplementary code, but only the emergency key is used. On the basis of the signal output by the monitoring circuit, improper use of the emergency key can be determined and then prevented by suitable measures.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the signal is an acoustic alarm signal. An acoustic signal is therefore issued each time the locking system is misused, so that the misuse does not go undetected.

In addition or as an alternative to the acoustic alarm signal, it can be provided that an additional bolt of the lock is moved into the closed position when the signal occurs. Accordingly, if an improper use of the emergency key is carried out, the additional bolt transferred into the closed position prevents the object secured by the locking device from opening. Only the key provided for the respective operating situation leads to its opening function, in which neither the bolt or the like nor the additional bolt of the locking device is moved into the locked position.

According to a further development of the invention, a good control possibility exists when the occurrence of the signal is written into a memory of the lock electronics. By querying the memory, it can subsequently be determined when and with which key an abusive operating mode was carried out. This is possible because, in addition to storing the signal, other data can also be acquired, for example: B. the code of the key used, which in turn can refer to a specific person, and the day and time the key was used.

The possibility of providing a supplementary code in addition to the basic code enables a very large number of locking combinations, so that a very secure device is created. The safety and the field of application of this system can, however, be increased according to a further development of the invention in that a special adaptation to the respective operating conditions is possible.

For this purpose, the locking device consisting of the lock and key is provided with a housing in which there is a slide which can be shifted by means of the tumblers in the release position and which, in its shifted position, transfers the lock to the unlocked position, the key having a basic code designed as a magnetic code, which the tumblers are shifted due to magnetic forces and with a reading device which detects an additional code of the key and which controls at least one additional tumbler electromagnetically, a special key provided with a basic and command code being provided for programming the lock electronics, the command code being detected by the reading device and the use of the special key, in addition to its command, leads to the relocation of all tumblers, including the additional tumbler, and the programming commands only when one is activated can be written into the memory of the lock electronics by moving the slider into its shifting position.

This design, which, like the variant described above, includes a responsive sensor in the slide displacement position, enables a special application of the locking device due to the programming option. Depending on the programming made, special functions can be implemented. The programming of the special key can be transmitted via special codings which are applied to the special key instead of or in addition to the "normal supplementary code". The basic coding of the special key corresponds to a normal key, since even with special key operation it must be ensured that the permanent-magnet locking devices are transferred to the release position. The special code then includes shifting the additional guard locking to the release position and command programming. Alternatively, a special key with command coding can also be designed such that all the tumblers, including the additional tumbler, are controlled by permanent magnets, which corresponds to an emergency key function, and that the programming is carried out using the special code detected by the reading device. In particular, the following programming is possible:

"Approval": After inserting the command key, the locking device can e.g. can only be operated using the normal keys x, y and z, provided that the keys x, y and z are pushed into the lock one after the other within a certain time. However, the programming can, for example, also be provided in such a way that two keys have to be used one after the other in order to enable the lock to be moved into the open position. For example, the use of two keys can be used at banks to open doors that have double key security, i.e. the different keys of two different people are required to open the door.

"Delete": This programming, which can also be brought about by command key (special key) actuation, can be used, for example, if a person has lost their normal key x. The "Delete" function then deletes the programming for accepting the code of the normal key x for the opening function, so that it is no longer possible to close it with the normal key x. Furthermore, it can be provided that after the use of the special key for the "deletion" programming, a replacement key can be inserted into the lock, the lock electronics being thereby converted to the coding of the replacement key. This means that the replacement key now has x locking function instead of the lost normal key.

"Reset": This mode of operation, which is also programmable using a special key, leads to the deletion of the program entered, so that the locking device can be reprogrammed.

According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the supplementary and / or command code is formed by a hole pattern which can be detected by the optical reading device and penetrates the key. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the code mentioned is a magnetic strip code scanned by an induction reading head of the reading device. As a further variant, it is possible to design the code mentioned as a bar code readable by the optical reading device.

The key, the normal key and the special key are each preferably designed as cards.

According to a special embodiment, it is provided that the slide has bearing recesses on its bearing surface resting on a perforated plate fixed to the housing, in which the tumblers designed as magnetic pins lie displaceably and that the holes of the perforated plate are aligned with the bearing recesses in the basic position of the slide. The locking device has an insertion slot for the key designed as a card, the flat side of the magnetic card being parallel to the perforated plate when inserted. By inserting the magnetic card, an anchor plate is displaced, which before inserting it has attracted the magnetic pins lying in the bearing recesses and thereby shifted such that they only partially lie in the bearing recesses and reach through with one section the perforated plate fixed to the housing. In this state, the slide can therefore not be moved into its shift position. Only when the magnetic card is inserted will the magnetic pins be correct Card coding by opposing magnetic poles of the same name from the card and the corresponding magnetic pin completely pushed back into the bearing recesses, whereby the engagement in the perforated plate is canceled. The slide can then be moved into the shift position via the magnetic card, as a result of which the lock is moved into its unlocking position. The above applies to the basic code, ie this code works on the permanent magnetic principle. In the case of a normal card, the additionally provided guard locking - of which there may also be several - is not displaced by a magnetic point on the card, but rather by an electromagnetically operating device controlled by the supplementary code. As soon as the correct supplementary code has been detected by the reading device of the lock device, a coil is excited which is arranged in the area of the additional guard locking and which causes the additional guard locking to be shifted into the release position. With the emergency key card, the additional guard locking is not shifted due to electromagnetic excitation, but also - as with the basic code - by means of permanent magnetic excitation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor can be designed as an electrical switch. The switch preferably consists of a microswitch, the switching sensor of which interacts with the slide.

Fig. 1

eine an eine Tür montierte Schließeinrichtung,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Schließeinrichtung mit Magnetkarte, deren Flachseite einen Strichcode aufweist,

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 2, wobei sich das Schloß in Verriegelungsstellung befindet,

Fig. 4

einen Längsschnitt gemäß Fig. 3, jedoch bei in Entriegelungsstellung befindlichem Schloß,

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie V-V in Fig. 1 bei Verriegelungsstellung des Schlosses,

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt gemäß Fig. 5, jedoch bei Entriegelungsstellung,

Fig. 7

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des sich in Verriegelungsstellung befindlichen Schlosses,

Fig. 8

einen Längsschnitt gemäß Fig. 7, jedoch in Entriegelungsstellung,

Fig. 9

eine Unteransicht des sich in Verriegelungsstellung befindlichen Schlosses bei abgenommener Bodenwand,

Fig. 10

eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 9, jedoch bei Entriegelungsstellung des Schlosses,

Fig. 11

einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 9,

Fig. 12

einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie XII-XII in Fig. 10,

Fig. 13

eine schematische Darstellung vom Schieberbereich des Schlosses bei Schlagmanipulation und ohne eingesteckte Magnetkarte,

Fig. 14

eine schematische Darstellung des Schieberbereiches des Schlosses bei eingesteckter Magnetkarte,

Fig. 15

einen Längsschnitt durch ein anderes Ausführungs beispiel der Schließeinrichtung, wobei sich das Schloß in Verriegelungsstellung befindet,

Fig. 16

einen Längsschnitt gemäß Fig. 15, jedoch bei in Entriegelungsstellung befindlichem Schloß,

Fig. 17

eine Unteransicht des Schlosses bei abgenommenem Schloßboden, wobei die Verriegelungsstellung eingenommen ist,

Fig. 18

eine Ansicht gemäß Fig.17, jedoch bei Entriegelungsstellung,

Fig. 19

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des sich in Verriegelungsstellung befindlichen Schlosses,

Fig. 20

einen Längsschnitt gemäß Fig. 19, jedoch in Entriegelungsstellung,

Fig. 21

eine Unteransicht des sich in Verriegelungsstellung befindlichen Schlosses bei abgenommener Bodenwand und

Fig. 22

eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 21, jedoch bei Entriegelungsstellung des Schlosses.

The drawings illustrate the invention on the basis of several exemplary embodiments, namely:

Fig. 1

a locking device mounted on a door,

Fig. 2

2 shows a plan view of the locking device with a magnetic card, the flat side of which has a bar code,

Fig. 3

2 shows a longitudinal section along the line III-III in FIG. 2, the lock being in the locking position,

Fig. 4

3, but with the lock in the unlocked position,

Fig. 5

2 shows a section along the line VV in FIG. 1 with the lock in the locked position,

Fig. 6

5, but in the unlocked position,

Fig. 7

2 shows a longitudinal section through a further exemplary embodiment of the lock which is in the locked position,

Fig. 8

7, but in the unlocked position,

Fig. 9

a bottom view of the lock in the locked position with the bottom wall removed,

Fig. 10

9, but with the lock in the unlocked position,

Fig. 11

3 shows a cross section along the line XI-XI in FIG. 9,

Fig. 12

10 shows a cross section along the line XII-XII in FIG. 10,

Fig. 13

1 shows a schematic representation of the slide area of the lock in the event of manipulation and without a magnetic card inserted,

Fig. 14

1 shows a schematic representation of the slide area of the lock when the magnetic card is inserted,

Fig. 15

2 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of the locking device, the lock being in the locking position,

Fig. 16

15, but with the lock in the unlocked position,

Fig. 17

a bottom view of the lock with the lock bottom removed, the locking position being assumed,

Fig. 18

a view according to Figure 17, but in the unlocked position,

Fig. 19

2 shows a longitudinal section through a further exemplary embodiment of the lock which is in the locked position,

Fig. 20

19, but in the unlocked position,

Fig. 21

a bottom view of the lock located in the locked position with the bottom wall removed and

Fig. 22

a view of FIG. 21, but in the unlocked position of the lock.

1, a lock 1 is mounted on a door 2 and has a lock housing 3, which is placed with its bottom region 4 on a relining housing 5. The relining housing 5 is in turn attached to the door 2.

The lock housing 3 is provided with a rotary knob 6, by means of which a latch 7 or a bolt, not shown, can be withdrawn, provided the lock 1 is in the unlocked position.

The rotary knob 8 arranged on the other side of the door 2 is connected directly to the latch 7 or the bolt, not shown, so that a door opening is always possible from this side of the door 2. In hotel rooms, the rotary knob 8 is installed on the inside of the door, while the lock housing 3, the relining housing 5 and the rotary knob 6 are located on the outside (corridor side) of the door 2.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the lock housing 3 is provided with an insertion slot 9 into which a key 10 can be inserted. The key 10 is designed as a card 11 provided with magnetic coding, which has a bar coding 13 on its flat side 12. The bar code 13 can be applied to a sticker 14 stuck to the flat side 12 of the card 11. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the bar code 13 to be firmly written on the flat side 12 of the card 11.

According to FIG. 3, a slide 15 is mounted in the interior of the lock housing 3, which is plate-shaped and has a perforated plate 17 on its support surface 16. The holes 18 of the perforated plate 17 are aligned in the locking position of the lock 1 shown in FIG. 3 with corresponding bearing recesses 19 of the slide 15, which emanate from the support surface 16 and are designed as blind bores. Tumblers 20, which are designed as magnetic pins 21, are located in the bearing recesses 19. The dimensions of the bearing recesses 19 are chosen such that the magnetic pins 21 can be displaced perpendicular to the bearing surface 16. As can be seen from Fig. 3, is not a magnetic pin 21 necessarily in each bearing recess 19, since the number, the position and the polarity of the magnetic pins 21 depend on the respective opening code combination of the lock 1.

On the perforated plate 17 there is a guide plate 22 on which an anchor plate 23 is arranged. The anchor plate 23 is held in position by a spring 24.

A tension spring 25 is fixed with one end 26 on the housing side and engages with its other end 27 on a projection 28 of the slide 15. Furthermore, the slide 15 forms a run-up slope 30 on its slide side 29 opposite the support surface, which acts together with a control plate 31. The control plate 31 lies with its fork-shaped end 32 on a shoulder 33 of a longitudinally displaceable coupling sleeve 34 which is biased in the direction of arrow 36 by means of a spiral compression spring 35. The rotary knob 6 engages with its axis 37 in the interior of the lock housing 3 and has a gear 38 on it in a rotationally fixed manner. The toothing of the gear 38 is adapted to an internal toothing of the coupling sleeve 34. In the bottom 39 of the lock housing 3, a square 41 is rotatably mounted by means of a bearing bush 40, which carries a gear 42 at the end. The square 41 interacts with a lever mechanism which is provided for retracting the latch 4 or a bolt.

According to FIG. 3, one of the bearing recesses 19 is surrounded by a magnetic coil 43, which lies in a corresponding recess in the slide 15.

The relining housing 5 adjoins the bottom 39 of the lock housing 3, in which an optical reading device 44 and an electronic circuit (not shown in more detail) is accommodated. In addition, the relining housing 5 also receive a current source for supplying the electronic circuit and the reading device 44.

In the locking position of the lock 1 shown in FIG. 3, the gear 38 coupled to the rotary knob 6 does not engage in the corresponding counter-toothing of the coupling sleeve 34, which is mounted on the gear 42 of the square 41 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. In this respect, there is no coupling between the rotary knob 6 and the square 41, whereby the lock 1 assumes its locking position. Neither the latch nor the bolt can be actuated by turning the rotary knob 6.

Fig. 4 shows the lock 1 in its unlocked position, which can be brought about by inserting the card 11 into the slot 9 with the correct coding combination of the card 11. The card 11 is pushed between the guide plate 22 and the anchor plate 23, the insertion being very easy due to the corresponding bends 45 of these elements. 3, it can be seen that when the card 11 is not inserted, the magnetic pins 21 engage in the corresponding holes 18 in the perforated plate 17 and rest on the guide plate 22 with their end faces. This position of the magnetic pins 21 is effected by the armature plate 23, which, in contrast to the other components, consists of ferromagnetic material. The anchor plate 23 thus attracts the magnetic pins 21, as a result of which they assume the position described. In this position, the slide 15 cannot be displaced from its basic position shown in FIG. 3, since the engagement of the magnetic pins 21 in the perforated plate 17 fixed to the housing prevents this.

4, however, it can be seen that the magnetic pins 21 lie completely in their associated bearing recesses 19 and therefore none Form fit more to the perforated plate 17. This comes about because the magnetic coding present on the card acts on the magnetic pins 21 in such a way that they are pushed back into the bearing recesses 19 by facing poles of the same name. When the card 11 is inserted, the anchor plate 23 can deflect due to the spring 24. However, as soon as all the magnetic pins 21 have been moved into the release position after the card 11 has been inserted, the slider 15 can be moved into the position shown in FIG. 4 by pushing the card 11 against the slider stop 47 by resting the card end 46 on a slider stop 47, as a result of which the ramp 30 acts on the control plate 31 in such a way that its end 32 displaces the coupling sleeve 34 against the direction of the arrow 36, as a result of which the internal toothing of the coupling sleeve 34 comes into engagement with the gear 38. In this position, the rotary knob 6 is rotatably coupled to the square 41, so that the lock 1 assumes its unlocking position and actuation of the latch 7 or a bolt is possible.

It is provided that the magnetic pins 21 not surrounded by the magnetic coil 43 are brought into the release position by means of the basic code of the card 11. The magnetic pin 21 surrounded by the magnetic coil 43 comes into the release position by excitation of the magnetic coil 43. For this purpose, the bar coding 13 is provided on the card 11, as described above, and is optically scanned by a sensor 48 when the card 11 is inserted into the insertion slot 9. The sensor 48 is connected to the reading device 44 via a line 49, as a result of which the read information reaches the electronic circuit which compares the read coding with the stored opening code of the lock 1. If there is a match, the magnetic coil 43 is activated, as a result of which the corresponding magnetic pin 21 in Release position is transferred according to FIG. 4.

Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that a plurality of magnetic pins 21 are surrounded by corresponding magnetic coils 43.

To create an emergency key, it is provided according to another embodiment that this emergency key, which is also designed as a special card 11, is provided at its location opposite the magnetic pin 21 provided with the magnetic coil 43 with a magnetic coding that relocates the magnetic pin 21 in the release position causes. If it is therefore not possible to move the magnetic pin 21 due to a technical defect or power failure using the magnetic coil 43, this can also be done using the previously described emergency key.

According to a preferred embodiment of the key 10 it is provided that the bar code 13 is composed of a clock track and an information track, both tracks running parallel to one another. It is accomplished that when the card is inserted, the corresponding sensor 48 of the reading device 44 receives a reading clock for the serial scanning of the information track via the clock track. This system emerges from DE-PS 24 31 497.

In order to increase the coding combination possibilities even further, according to FIG. 5 it is provided that at least one of the bearing recesses 19 is arranged in a magnetic pin carrier 50 which is rotatably mounted on the slide 15 and can be fixed in certain rotational positions. This magnetic pin carrier 50 can be rotated by means of a special tool through openings in the lock housing 3, whereby the positions of the bearing recesses 19 can be changed. This way and A very quick reprogramming of the lock 1 can thus be undertaken. As shown in FIG. 5, there are preferably two such magnetic pin carriers 50 on the slide 15.

7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the locking device according to the invention, which differs from the previously illustrated exemplary embodiment in that there is no magnetic coil 43 on the slide 15. In its place, the following measure is taken: Starting from the reading device 44, a channel 51 is formed which extends as far as the slide side 29 of the slide 15. A tumbler 52 is arranged in this channel, which can be designed as a tumbler pin 53. The tumbler pin 53 can be displaced by means of an electromagnetic device (not shown), it entering a recess 54 in the blocking position on the slide side 29 of the slide 15.

Fig. 7 shows the lock in the locked position, in which on the one hand the magnetic pins 21 lie in the corresponding holes in the perforated plate 17 and on the other hand the tumbler pin 53 engages in the recess 54. As a result, the slide 15 is fixed in its basic position. If the slider 15 is to be moved into the shift position in which the lock 1 has its unlocked position, the card 11 is to be inserted into the insertion slot 9, as shown in FIG. 8, so that, with the correct coding, the magnetic pins 21 are transferred to the release position and, on the other hand, the sensor 48 must have detected the correct bar coding so that the reading device 44 or the electronic circuit coupled therewith moves the tumbler pin 53 downward via the electromagnetic device so that it emerges from the recess 54. In this position - as already described above - the slide 15 can then be moved into its displacement position according to FIG. 8 in which the rotary knob 6 is then coupled to the square 41.

9 and 10 that the tumbler pin 53 is arranged in one side area and the sensor 48 in the other side area of the slide 15. However, this arrangement is not mandatory.

The locking position and the unlocking position can be seen particularly clearly from FIGS. 11 and 12. From this it can also be seen that the tumbler pin 53 is biased in the direction of the slide 15 by means of a spiral compression spring 55. Furthermore, a coil 56 of the electromagnetic device for tumbler pin displacement can be seen. It is also clear that the slide 15, the perforated plate 17 and the guide plate 22 are penetrated by a slot recess 62 so that the sensor 48 has access to the bar code 13 of the card 11.

Fig. 13 shows schematically a section of the slide area of the lock 1. It is shown that by striking the lock housing 3, the magnetic pins 21 can be displaced such that they enter their corresponding bearing recesses 19 for a short time (see position in Fig. 13). At this moment, a displacement of the slide 15 would be possible by means of a tool or the like inserted into the insertion slot, so that the lock 1 could be unlocked. In order to prevent such an unauthorized unlocking, a bearing recess 57 is provided on the slide side 29 opposite the support surface 16 of the slide 15, in which a magnetic pin 58 is slidably inserted. Since all magnetic pins are deflected in the same direction at the same time by striking the lock 1, the magnetic pin 58, like the magnetic pins 21, will shift in the direction of the arrow 59. The magnetic pin 58 comes into engagement a housing-side stop 60. Thus, a displacement of the slide 15 in the direction of arrow 61 is effectively prevented.

14 shows the situation when the card 11 is inserted. It is clear from this that the magnetic pins 21 completely enter their corresponding bearing recesses 19 due to the opposite poles of the same name, while the complete entry of the magnetic pin 58 is accomplished by the attraction of opposing poles of the same name. In the release position according to FIG. 14, the slide 15 can be moved into its displacement position.

The object offers increased system security through an electronic system that works in addition to the mechanics (magnetics) and which, by reading an optical code, effects a locking or unlocking function.

The optical code can be applied to the key (also temporarily) by printing or stickers. Such a modified key offers a higher security standard, especially in areas with access control.

In addition, an existing mechanical system can be modified with the aid of the optoelectronic solution, as a result of which the advantages described at the outset are realized.

The key of the locking device, which is designed as a card, has magnetic zones distributed over its flat side at different points, which interact with the tumblers. It is possible according to one embodiment that these zones form the basic code. Furthermore, one or more of these zones can be used for the emergency key function described above. The supplementary code of the key is formed by a bar code applied on the flat side and / or holes penetrating the card and / or a magnetic tape applied or embedded on the flat side of the card. It is also possible that the supplementary code comprises one or more of the magnetic zones described above. According to a special exemplary embodiment, the basic code can also be formed by part of the magnetic zones and the supplementary code by another part of the magnetic zones.

The magnetic zones can differ with regard to their polarity (north pole or south pole). The magnetic pins of the tumblers must be designed accordingly.

The holes penetrating the key card, which in the corresponding key version are arranged at various locations over the flat side of the card, are detected by suitable sensors of the reading device. The reading - as with all other coding types described above - can be subdivided into a clock track and an information track.

In the embodiment of FIG. 15, the lock 1 is provided with a lock housing 3, which is placed on a relining housing 5 with its bottom region. The lock housing 3 is provided with a rotary knob 6, with the aid of which a latch or a bolt, not shown, can be withdrawn if the lock 1 is in the unlocked position. The embodiment basically corresponds to the lock structure already described. Here again the most important:

As previously described, the lock housing 3 is provided with an insertion slot 9 into which a key 10 can be inserted. The key 10 is as with magnetic Coding card 11 formed, which carries a bar coding 13 on its flat side 12.

In the interior of the lock housing 3, a slide 15 is mounted, which is plate-shaped and on its support surface 16, a perforated plate 17 rests. In the locking position of the lock 1 shown in FIG. 15, the holes 18 of the perforated plate 17 are aligned with corresponding bearing recesses 19 of the slide 15, which emanate from the support surface 16 and are designed as blind bores. Tumblers 20, which are designed as magnetic pins 21, are located in the bearing recesses 19. The dimensions of the bearing recesses 19 are chosen such that the magnetic pins 21 can be displaced perpendicular to the bearing surface 16. As can be seen from FIG. 15, there is not necessarily a magnetic pin 21 in each bearing recess 19, since the number, the position and the polarity of the magnetic pins 21 depend on the respective opening code combination of the lock 1. On the perforated plate 17 there is a guide plate 22 on which an anchor plate 23 is arranged. The anchor plate 23 is held in position by a spring 24.

A tension spring 25 is fixed with one end 26 on the housing side and engages with its other end 27 on a projection 28 of the slide 15. Furthermore, the slide 15 forms a run-up slope 30 on its slide side 29 opposite the support surface, which acts together with a control plate 31. The control plate 31 lies with its fork-shaped end 32 on a shoulder 33 of a longitudinally displaceable coupling sleeve 34 which is biased in the direction of arrow 36 by means of a spiral compression spring 35. The rotary knob 6 engages with its axis 37 in the interior of the lock housing 3 and has a gear 38 on it in a rotationally fixed manner. The toothing of the gear 38 is adapted to an internal toothing of the coupling sleeve 34. In the ground 39 of the lock housing 3, a square 41 is rotatably supported by means of a bearing bush 40 and carries a gearwheel 42 at the end. The square 41 cooperates with a lever mechanism which is provided for withdrawing a latch or a latch, not shown.

15, one of the bearing recesses 19 is surrounded by a magnetic coil 43, which lies in a corresponding recess in the slide 15.

The relining housing 5 adjoins the bottom 39 of the lock housing 3, in which an optical reading device 44 and an electronic circuit (not shown in more detail) are accommodated. The relining housing 5 can also accommodate a current source for supplying the electronic circuit and the reading device 44. Alternatively, however, energy can also be supplied via a mains cable, possibly with the interposition of a transformer and a rectifier.

In the locking position of the lock 1 shown in FIG. 15, the gear 38 coupled with the rotary knob 6 does not engage in the corresponding counter-toothing of the coupling sleeve 34, which is mounted on the ring gear 42 of the square 41 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. In this respect there is no coupling between the rotary knob 6 and the square 41, whereby the lock 1 assumes its locking position. Neither the latch nor the bolt can be actuated by turning the rotary knob 6.

16 shows the lock 1 in its unlocked position, which can be brought about by inserting the card 11 into the insertion slot 9 if the card 11 is correctly coded. The card 11 is pushed between the guide plate 22 and the anchor plate 23, the insertion being very easy due to the corresponding bends 45 of these elements. If you first look at the 15, it can be seen that when the card 11 is not inserted, the magnetic pins 21 engage in the corresponding holes 18 in the perforated plate 17 and rest with their end faces on the guide plate 22. This position of the magnetic pins 21 is brought about by the armature plate 23, which, in contrast to the other components, consists of ferromagnetic material. The anchor plate 23 thus attracts the magnetic pins 21, as a result of which they assume the position described. In this position, the slide 15 cannot be moved from its basic position shown in FIG. 15, since the engagement of the magnetic pins 21 in the perforated plate 17 fixed to the housing prevents this.

16, however, it can be seen that the magnetic pins 21 lie completely in their associated bearing recesses 19 and thus no longer form fit to the perforated plate 17. This comes about because the magnetic coding on the card acts on the magnetic pins 21 in such a way that they are pushed back into the bearing recesses 19 by facing poles of the same name. When the card 11 is inserted, the anchor plate 23 can deflect due to the spring 24. However, as soon as all the magnetic pins 21 have been moved into the release position after the card 11 has been inserted, the slider 15 can be brought into the position shown in FIG. 16 by pushing the card 11 against the slider stop 47 by resting the card end 46 on a slider stop 47, as a result of which the ramp slope 30 acts on the control plate 31 in such a way that its end 32 displaces the coupling sleeve 34 against the direction of the arrow 36, as a result of which the internal toothing of the coupling sleeve 34 comes into engagement with the gear 38. In this position, the rotary knob 6 is rotatably coupled to the square 41, so that the lock 1 assumes its unlocking position and actuation of the latch or bolt is possible.

The arrangement is such that the magnetic pins 21 not surrounded by the magnetic coil 43 are brought into the release position by means of the basic code of the card 11. The magnetic pin 21 surrounded by the magnetic coil 43 comes into the release position by excitation of the magnetic coil 43. For this purpose, the bar coding 13 is provided on the card 11, as previously described, which is optically scanned by a sensor 48 when the card 11 is inserted into the insertion slot 9. The sensor 48 is connected to the reading device 44 via a line 49, as a result of which the read information reaches the electronic circuit which compares the read coding with the stored opening code of the lock 1. If there is a match, the magnetic coil 43 is activated, as a result of which the corresponding magnetic pin 21 is transferred to the release position according to FIG. 16.

According to a further development, not shown, it can also be provided that a plurality of magnetic pins 21 are surrounded with corresponding magnetic coils 43.

To create an emergency key, it is provided according to another embodiment that this emergency key, which is also designed as a special card 11, is provided at its location opposite the magnetic pin 21 provided with the magnetic coil 43 with a magnetic coding that displaces the pin 21 in the release position causes. Should the displacement of the magnetic pin 21 due to a technical defect-e.g. Power failure is not possible with the help of the solenoid 43, this can also be done with the help of the previously described emergency key.

In order to further increase the coding combination possibilities, it is provided according to FIG. 17 that at least one of the bearing recesses 19 can be rotated on one of the slides 15 mounted magnetic pin carrier 50 which can be fixed in certain rotational positions. This magnetic pin carrier can be rotated by means of a special tool through openings in the lock housing 3, whereby the positions of the bearing recesses 19 can be changed. In this way, the lock 1 can be reprogrammed very quickly. As shown in FIG. 17, there are preferably two such magnetic pin carriers on the slide 15.

18 corresponds to the representation according to FIG. 17, but with the lock in the unlocked position.

FIG. 19 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the locking device according to the invention, which differs from the previously illustrated exemplary embodiment in that there is no magnetic coil 43 on the slide 15. In its place, the following measure is taken: Starting from the reading device 44, a channel 51 is formed which extends as far as the slide side 29 of the slide 15. A tumbler 52 is arranged in this channel, which can be designed as a tumbler pin 53. The tumbler pin 53 can be displaced by means of an electromagnetic device (not shown), it entering a recess 54 in the blocking position on the slide side 29 of the slide 15.

19 shows the lock in the locked position, in which the magnetic pins 21 lie in the corresponding holes of the perforated plate 17 and the tumbler pin 53 engages in the recess 54. As a result, the slide 15 is fixed in its basic position. If the slider 15 is to be transferred into the shift position in which the lock 1 has its unlocked position, then the card 11 must be inserted into the insertion slot 9, as shown in FIG Magnetic pins 21 are transferred to the release position and secondly the sensor 48 must have detected the correct bar coding so that the reading device 44 or the electronic circuit coupled to it moves the tumbler pin 53 downward via the electronic device so that it emerges from the recess 54. In this position, as previously described, the slide 15 can then be transferred into its displacement position according to FIG. 20, in which the rotary knob 6 is then coupled to the square 41.

It can be seen from FIGS. 21 and 22 that the tumbler pin 53 is arranged in one side area of the slide 15 and the sensor 48 is arranged in the other side area of the slide 15. However, this arrangement is not mandatory. In all of the previously described exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 15 to 22, it is provided that the slide 15 interacts with a sensor 80. The sensor 80 is preferably designed as an electrical switch 81. In particular, it can be implemented as a microswitch 82, which has a switch sensor 83 that is pivotally mounted. The sensor 80 is connected to the lock electronics via a cable connection (not shown), which, as described above, is located in the relining housing 5. The lock electronics are not shown in the figures for reasons of simplification.

15, the microswitch 82 is positioned such that when the slide 15 is not displaced, that is, in the locked position of the lock, there is a free space between the end of the slide 15 facing the microswitch 82 and the switching sensor 83 of the microswitch 82. However, if the slide is moved into its displacement position according to FIG. 16, the slide end of the slide 15 comes into contact the switching sensor 83, whereby the microswitch 82 changes its switching state.

According to FIGS. 17 and 18, it is also possible to arrange the microswitch 82 laterally offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the slide, the switch sensor 83 of the microswitch 82 not being acted upon in the slide position according to FIG. 17. In FIG. 18 there is the shift position of the slide 15, in which the switching sensor 83 is acted on, so that there is a change in the switching state of the microswitch 82.

Also in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 19 and 20, in which the tumbler 52 is provided with the tumbler pin 53 instead of the magnetic coil 43, the microswitch 82 can interact with the slide side surface, as in FIGS. 15 and 16, or it can, as in the figures 21 and 22 - a position of the microswitch 82 provided on the side of the slide 15 may be present.

It is crucial that the microswitch assumes a different switching state when the slide is not displaced than when the slide 15 is moved into its displacement position.

The microswitch 82 can perform the following function: If the slide 15 is shifted using the "normal key" (card 11), the microswitch 82 is actuated in the shift position of the slide 15. This actuation is registered by the lock electronics, not shown. Furthermore, the lock electronics receive the information via the reading device 44 that a normal key is used, because this has the supplementary code 13, which is preferably designed as a bar code. If an emergency key is used, the bar code is omitted because the corresponding magnetic pin 21 is not displaced by means of the magnetic coil 43, but is carried out by a corresponding magnetic zone of the emergency key. The absence of the bar code thus signals to the lock electronics that an emergency key is inserted into lock 1. It can also be provided that the lock electronics are informed via a special identifier of the supplementary code that a normal card is used. If the supplementary code does not have this special identifier, for example in the case of an emergency key, it is registered that there is an emergency key operation. 16, the microswitch 82 then responds, as a result of which a monitoring circuit belonging to the lock electronics receives a signal when the lock electronics are intact. This monitoring circuit simultaneously checks the functionality of the lock electronics, in particular whether a supply voltage is available. If an emergency key operation is carried out even though the monitoring circuit registers a functional lock electronics, a signal is emitted by the monitoring circuit that indicates this operating state. The signal can be an acoustic alarm signal; however, it is also possible for the signal to transfer an additional bolt of the lock into the closed position, so that it is not possible to open the object locked with the lock. In addition, it can be provided that the occurrence of the signal is written into a memory of the lock electronics.

If a lock is actuated by means of an emergency key and the monitoring circuit registers a non-functional lock electronics, no signal is emitted, so that such an operating mode does not lead to an alarm being issued or the additional bolt is not moved into the closed position. The last case described represents a desired mode of operation, since the emergency key should come into operation precisely if the lock electronics fail.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the microswitch 82 serves, in addition to its previously described mode of operation or alternatively, to take over program commands, which are detected by the reading device 44, into a memory of the lock electronics. The programming of the lock electronics requires the use of a special key which, in addition to its basic code for shifting the tumbler pins 21, has a special coding due to its magnetic effect, which is designed in particular as a bar code. Instead of the bar code, however, a hole pattern can also be present on the card 11, which is detected by the optical reading device 44 by means of the sensor 48. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide an induction reading head connected to the reading device 44, which scans a magnetic stripe code of the card 11, which represents the special code.

The arrangement is now such that the command code of the special key is only written into the memory of the lock electronics when the microswitch 82 responds by moving the slide accordingly. In this way, misuse is excluded, because programming or deleting the memory of the lock electronics is only possible by means of the special key if the slide is also displaced with it. It is thus prevented that the program of the special codings of the special key is not adopted by the memory when the special key is inserted into the insertion slot 9. Rather, a slide displacement is initially required, which requires a "suitable" key in order to initiate a corresponding storage only when the microswitch 82 is activated. This ensures that reprogramming can only be carried out by the person who has the associated key - with regard to the basic code and the supplementary code. Cards that have the same command program as a Special keys belonging to the lock, but not causing any shifting of all tumblers 20, cannot lead to reprogramming of the lock electronics. This means that the "mechanical" (permanent magnetic) code is queried before programming.

It is not necessary for the additional tumbler to be shifted electromagnetically by means of the bar code, rather it can also be provided that the additional tumbler pin is shifted by means of a corresponding magnetic coding point on the card 11. It is then basically an emergency key that is used for reprogramming work.

Claims (31)

1. Locking device consisting of lock (1) and a key (10) which is magnetically coded according to area, with a housing (3) in which is located a slide (15) which through the key (10) can be displaced into an opening position, the slide (15) being associated with magnetic tumbler pins (20, 21) which can be displaced into the release position by the correspondingly coded areas of the key, characterised by a reading device (44) for detecting a supplementary code (13) of the key (10) and at least an electromagnet (43) controlled by the reading device (44) for displacing one of the magnetic tumbler pins (21).
2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the supplementary code is a bar code (13) readable by the optical reading device (44).
3. Locking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the supplementary code is formed of a pattern of holes, penetrated by the key, which can be detected by the optical reading device.
4. Locking device according to claim 1, characterised in that the supplementary code is a magnetic code, scanned by an induction reading head of the reading device, whose code positions are distributed between the magnetically coded areas representing the basic code.
5. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that the supplementary code includes an information code and a reading clock code.
6. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a lock housing (3) in which is located the slide (15) which is displaceable by means of the magnetically coded key (10) when in receipt of the correct coding, the slide (15) when in its displacement position transfers the lock (1) into the unlock position.
7. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that the magnetically coded key (10) is in the form of a card (11).
8. Locking device according to claim 7, characterised in that the card (11) carries the supplementary code (13) on at least one of the flat sides (12).
9. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that a contact surface (16) arranged on top of a perforated plate (17) fixed to the housing of the slide is provided with bearing recesses (19) in which are displaceably arranged the magnetic tumbler pins (21), and that the holes (18) of the perforated plate (17) are aligned with the bearing recesses (19) in the basic position of the slide (15).
10. Locking device according to claim 9, Characterised in that at least one of the bearing recesses (19) is arranged in a magnetic pin carrier (50), rotatably mounted on the slide (15), which can be fixed in certain rotational positions.
11. Locking device according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that one of the bearing recesses (19) is surrounded by electromagnets (43).
12. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that the tumbler pin (53), which is displaceable by at least one of the electromagnets, in the locking position engages in a recess (54) of the slide (15).
13. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a sub-housing (5), attachable to the lock housing (3), which essentially houses the reading device (14).
14. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by at least one bearing recess (S7) arranged on the slide side (29) opposite the contact surface (16) of the slide (15), the magnetic pin (58) of the bearing recess (57) in the locking position cooperates with a stop (60) on the side of the housing.
15. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a secondary standard key card which has an non-magnetised zone on the coding position associated with the tumbler pin controlled by the electromagnet.
16. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a primary emergency key card which has a magnetic zone on the coding position associated with the tumbler pin controlled by the electromagnet.
17. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that the locking device is constructed of a plurality of locks and a separate key card allocated to each user, in which secondary locks are provided for locking with the card having magnetic codes forming the basic code and primary locks are provided for locking with the supplementary code or a combination of basic code and supplementary code.
18. Locking device according to claim 17, characterised in that the operation of the primary locks is reported to a detector unit.
19. Locking device according to claim 18, characterised in that the detector unit registers the number of locking actions of the respective lock and/or the time of locking.
20. Locking device according to one or more of the claims 17 to l9, characterised in that the supplementary code is changed during change-over of users when the basic code is the same.
21. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a sensor (80), which is responsive to the slide (15) being brought into its displacement position, of a monitoring circuit for checking the operability of the lock electronics, the monitoring circuit in response to the sensor delivers a signal indicating the operating condition that exists when the lock electronics and the emergency key operation is operative.
22. Locking device according to claim 21, characterised in that the signal is an acoustic alarm signal.
23. Locking device according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that when the signal appears an additional bolt of the lock (1) is transferred into the locking position.
24. Locking device according to one or more of the claims 21 to 23, characterised in that the appearance of the signal is written into a memory of the lock electronics.
25. Locking device according to one or more of the aforementioned claims, characterised by a special key (card 11) provided with the magnetic codes and a command code for programming the lock electronics, in which the command code is detected by the reading device (44) and the use of the special key, apart from delivering its command, leads to the release of the displacement of all the tumbler pins including the tumbler pin (20) displaceable by the electromagnet, and in which the programming commands are written into the memory of the lock electronics only after activation of the sensor (80) in response to the slide (15) being brought into its displacement position.
26. Locking device according to claim 25, characterised in that the command code is formed of a pattern of holes, penetrated by the key, which can be detected by the optical reading device.
27. Locking device according to claim 25, characterised in that the command code is a magnetic strip code scanned by an induction reading head of the reading device.
28. Locking device according to claim 25, characterised in that the command code is a bar code (13) readable by the optical reading device (44).
29. Locking device according to one or more of the claims 25 to 28, characterised in that the special key is in the form of a card (11).
30. Locking device according to one or more of the claims 21 to 29, characterised in that the sensor (80) is in the form of an electrical switch (81).
31. Locking device according to claim 30, characterised in that the switch (81) is a microswitch (82) whose switching sensor (83) interacts with the slide (15).

Images