DE10100692B4 - Decorative film with 3-D effect and process for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

Decorative film with 3-D effect, comprising a transparent, translucent base film made of thermoplastic material, the top side of the film serving as the visible side of the decorative film having an embossed structure in the form of a geometric dot-embossing grid with a large number of lenticular or pyramid-shaped domes and on the underside a colored print pattern in the form of a dot print screen is applied to the base film and the same screen shape is provided for the embossing screen and the printing screen, characterized in that the embossing screen and the printing screen are designed with different screen widths and the printing pattern consists of two or more dot printing screens different raster widths are constructed and the embossing raster and the printing raster viewed in the top view of the base film are arranged parallel to one another with respect to the axes of their raster shape.

Description

The invention relates to a Decorative film with 3-D effect comprising a transparent, translucent base film made of thermoplastic material, the one serving as the visible side of the decorative film An embossed structure on top of the film in the form of a geometric dot embossing grid with a large number of lenticular or pyramid-shaped Has crests and a colored on the underside of the base film Print pattern is applied in the form of a dot print screen and for the embossing grid and the print screen is provided the same screen shape.

The invention further relates a process for producing a decorative film with a 3-D effect, in which a transparent, translucent base film made of one thermoplastic and made by one of a Embossing roller and a roll nip formed and pulled up their top with a geometric embossed structure from a variety of lenticular or pyramidal Ridges are provided in grid form and the base film on their Bottom over at least one anilox roller with a dot printing screen for application a printing ink and provided with a print pattern in the form of a dot print screen becomes.

From U.S. Patent 5,723,200 is already a decorative film made of a transparent thermoplastic Plastic with 3-D effect known, the one on its top Variety of convex lenticular Has projections. The lenticular embossed pattern is by means of an embossing roller are produced and at the same time are on the opposite side of the decorative film with the same grid-like Pattern figures (motifs) printed. Are on the back of the decorative film Figures printed in the same grid as the pattern of the projections on the top, however, are the pattern axes of the print pattern and the embossing pattern against each other moved, creating a decorative film with an iridescent effect is obtained according to the direction of observation.

From the DE 198 04 858 A1 A method for producing lenticular interchangeable images is known, in which a transparent plastic film is used, in which a transparent liquid substance in droplet form is applied to the surface in order to produce lenticular structures, each droplet solidifying to form a body with a curved refractive surface. At the same time, a graphic pattern is applied to the underside of the film in a defined position relative to the droplets applied to the top, in which a rigid coupling of the application device for the droplets and the graphic print pattern is provided, which inevitably leads to analog shapes and grids of the same grid width ,

The invention has for its object a Decorative film with 3-D effect to create different stereo effects shows, with a strong movement effect should be achievable.

According to the invention, the task is achieved through training a generic decorative film according to the characteristic Features of claim 1 solved. The process of making one decorative film according to the invention with 3-D effect according to the characteristics of claim 10 solved.

Advantageous further developments of decorative film according to the invention with 3-D effect and the process for producing a decorative film with 3-D effect can be found in the characterizing features of the subclaims.

According to the invention, the decorative film comprises a 3-D effect a transparent translucent base film Made of thermoplastic, with the visible side of the decorative film serving top of the base film an embossed structure in the form of a geometric Point embossed screen with a variety of lenticular or pyramid-shaped designed crests and on the underside of the base film colored print pattern is applied in the form of a dot print screen and for the embossing screen and the print screen is the same screen shape with different ones Screen rulings are provided and the embossing screen and the printing screen viewed in the top view of the base film with respect to the axes of their grids are arranged parallel to each other are.

According to the invention by the embossed structure achieves a magnifying effect on the top of the base film, such as with a magnifying glass. The domes which bring about the enlargement effect preferably have a lenticular or pyramid-shaped Shape up. The printing grid in connection with the embossing grid determines the size of the in the top view of the base film visible moving point. The 3-D effect according to the invention is achieved by forming the dot print pattern on the underside the base film in the same grid arrangement as the embossing grid the embossed structure, d. H. reached the top of the base film, whereby the same grid shapes but provided in different grid widths are a prerequisite for this is that the Grids run parallel to each other, d. H. in supervision and Inspection of the base film, the axes of the embossing grid and the printing grid run parallel.

A preferred grid shape for the embossing grid of the embossing structure and the colored dot printing grid on the underside of the base film is the arrangement of the points in the hexagonal grid.

In a preferred further training the decorative film is provided, the dot print pattern on the underside of the base film from two or more dot print grids the same grid shape but different grid widths. For example, it is suggested that in the bottom of the To apply motif fields in the manner that the Motif fields opposite the remaining area of the print pattern that forms the background field with a dot print screen with one of the raster width of the dot print raster of the print pattern of the background field deviating raster width. The Motif fields can for example include figures such as triangles, circles, trees, animals, Hearts etc. In this way it is achieved that within the motif fields another enlargement by the embossed structure when supervising the base film against the background field of the Print pattern arises and thus correspondingly movable points or point areas with different movements between background field and Creative field.

Another modification of the decorative film with 3-D effect can be done by the fact that on the underside of the base film before printing on the print pattern as a dot print pattern and / or then a motif print with motifs of translucent and / or opaque color is applied. Such a motif print with motifs, for example again from triangles, animals, figures etc. not in the embossing grid corresponding dot-screen printing, is therefore subject to not the 3-D effect and does not influence the 3-D effect. In the case, that the Motif printed directly on the underside of the base film it should be made of translucent Color to show through the dot print grid behind it to enable the print pattern. It can the motif fields of the print pattern provided with dot print rasters be arranged congruently with the applied motifs, so that the screened motif fields especially from the background field of the rest of the print pattern take off.

The decorative film according to the invention with a 3-D effect can now be done by applying more layers on the bottom the base film over added to the print samples become. For example, a the cover layer covering the print pattern can be applied, whereby as Cover layer a printing ink can be applied, however, a lighter color than the color of the printed samples should be by one to ensure appropriate contrast of the halftone dots of the print pattern. Decorative films with a 3-D effect in this configuration, for example as a table covering or table sets and also without a top layer as a welding film for the baggage area, Handbags or as laminating film for coating on film, textiles, Fleece, paper, leather fiber or other carrier, for interior decoration or outdoor use in the automotive sector, as furniture foils, z. B. for kitchen cabinets or metal foil for video housing of stereo systems etc. are used. The decorative film according to the invention can also with plastics or foamed or foamable plastics injection molded and further developed into molded parts. Furthermore it is also possible that decorative film according to the invention to be equipped with a 3-D effect as self-adhesive film by clicking on the rear Cover layer a self-adhesive adhesive layer with removable protective film is applied.

For the transparent base film can be used as a thermoplastic, the translucent is, for example polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, Polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate and biodegradable materials, Polyvinyl chloride, soft polyvinyl chloride or acrylic resins or mixtures aforementioned materials are used. The base foils will be by known processes such as calendering, extruding, blowing, Melt roll coating, in a thickness of 100 to 1000 μm depending on Application purpose manufactured. The embossing depth of the embossing structure The top of the top should be 5 to 50% of the thickness of the base film amount, the minimum distance between the base points neighboring crests should be as small as possible in each Case less than 15, preferably less than 10% of the diameter the crests. The bigger the The diameter of the crests is, the smaller the percentage distance between the base points be the top, d. H. the area that has no magnification effect causes.

The minimum distance is preferred between the base points the crests towards zero.

A sufficient 3-D effect will according to the invention already then reached when the crests have a diameter at the base of Have 50 to 500 microns.

The thickness of the base film influences the 3-D effect only indirectly. The thickness of the base film in connection with the embossing structure determines the contrast, d. H. the sharpness of the top view of the embossed The top of the base film has visible pressure points on the print pattern on the bottom of the base film. The 3-D effect depends on the structure of the embossing related to the thickness of the base film.

The embossed structure must have a magnifying effect like a magnifying glass, for this reason convex domes are formed in an embossed structure in accordance with a dot pattern on the top of the base film. Webs remain between the crests, which, the larger these webs are, ie the wider the distance between the individual base points of the crests, lead to a cloudy print image in the reproduction of the 3-D effect. In order to obtain the smallest possible land area between the tips, a hexagonal pattern is used as the dot pattern for the embossed structure and the printing pattern Structure preferred. Other geometric structures, such as. B. the square arrangement of the dots as embossing grid and printing grid are possible. According to the invention, the convex domes should form the embossed structure if possible without intermediate webs.

The halftone dot of the print pattern can be circular be or other shape, such as oval, square, cardiac, Have triangular shape or the like.

The combination of the printing grid for the print pattern (Points) determined in connection with the embossing grid (crests) the size of the in the top view of the base film visible, migrating in the 3-D effect Pressure point of the print pattern.

The process of making one Decorative film with 3-D effect can be carried out in the way that a transparent translucent Base film is made of a thermoplastic, for example by calendering, and then this base film one from an embossing roller and a nip formed nip and thereby with an embossed structure on the top from a variety of lenticular or pyramidal designed crests in grid form and then the bottom the base film preferably online via at least one anilox roller led to the application of an ink with a dot print screen and is provided with a printing screen in the form of a dot printing screen, the embossed screen the embossing roller and the printing screen (s) of the anilox rollers have the same screen shape have different screen widths and the print screen viewed parallel to the top of the base film to the embossing grid is applied to the base film so that the axes of the printing screen and the embossing grid in parallel to each other.

A print pattern is preferred with subareas with different pitches of the dot print pattern, whereby either an anilox roller with a print pattern with subareas different Screen width is used or two screen rollers in succession for printing one ink each on the underside of the base film be used in dot form, the two anilox rollers in complementary to each other subareas each have a dot print pattern, which is distinguished by different Screen rulings differs.

For example, the anilox rollers can have motif fields have, the motif field, for example, with only one anilox roller with a hexagonal grid of 24 lines / cm grid and the rest of the surface of the Anilox roller with a hexagonal dot grid with 26 lines / cm Grid is formed, with both grids parallel in their axes to each other. If only one anilox roller with two is formed different grids can only have a single ink, i.e. H. Pressure points with one color but applied in different screen rulings. For the Case that Applying the pressure points in two different colors is desired two anilox rollers are to be provided, one anilox roller in the desired subject fields Has grid and in the rest remains free and the second roller outside the motif fields one desired Has grid.

In addition, it is possible to Increasing the Decorative effects that the Base film between embossing roller and the first anilox roller at least one motif printing roller for printing a motif a transparent translucent ink is led to the bottom of the base film. According to a preferred embodiment motifs are applied according to the intended motif fields and brought to cover. For the Achieving a good 3-D effect is the manufacturing process the decorative film in such a way that this embossed screen the embossing roller and the print screen (s) of the anilox rollers have the same shape with different ones Have screen rulings and the print screen parallel to the embossing screen is applied to the base film so that the axes of the different Grids run parallel to each other.

Comprehensive decorative film with a 3-D effect the base film can also be applied by applying additional layers can be varied on the underside of the base film. For example can the base film after applying the print sample over at least another inking roller to be guided to a lighter colored Apply top layer using printing ink. In addition, it is possible to use the base film after the application of the print samples or after the application of the Cover layer with an adhesive layer, in particular self-adhesive adhesive layer coat or laminate. An adhesive layer can also be applied be the outside is covered with a removable protective film.

In addition, the decorative film as an outer layer for molded parts are used, the decorative film z. B. by means of plastic injected or foamed becomes.

The invention is described below the drawing exemplified. Show it:

1 schematically the cross section through a decorative film with 3-D effect,

2 the partial perspective view A according 1 on the top of the decorative film,

3 a variant of the decorative film 1 with varied print pattern,

4 a variant of the decorative film 1 with varied basic pattern and motif print,

5 a variant of the decorative film in training as a self-adhesive film,

6 . 7 . 8th Top view of various decorative films with 3-D effect,

9 Production scheme of a decorative film with 3-D effect according to 3 and 6 .

10 Dot anilox roller for making the decorative film 9 .

11 Production scheme of a decorative film with 3-D effect according to 4 and 7 .

12 Motif roller for the manufacturing process according to 11 .

13 Manufacturing process of a decorative film with 3-D effect with two anilox rollers according to 3 .

14 Dot anilox rollers for the process according to 13 ,

In the 1 is a section of the decorative film 1 comprising the transparent translucent base film 10 , for example made of soft PVC, produced by calendering with a thickness d of 500 μm shown in cross section. The top of the base film 10 has an embossed structure 11 . 12 on that in a hexagonal grid of lenticular convex domes 11 and the webs between them 12 , see schematic view below 2 , consists. The embossing depth d1 of the embossing structure 11 . 12 is about 15 to 30% of the thickness d of the base film 10 , in the exemplary embodiment, for example, about 100 μm. The minimum distance a at the base of neighboring crests in the area of the webs 12 should be as small as possible, approach zero if possible, and should preferably be less than 10% of the diameter of the crests at the base. The lenticular tops 11 should also be as small as possible, whereby depending on the desired 3-D effect they can be flatter or steeper and their diameter b at the given embossing depth in the example is approximately 300 μm. The embossed structure of the crests 11 forms a dot matrix, the dot matrix being arranged hexagonally with the axes X, Y, as from the 2 seen.

On the bottom of the base film 10 according to 1 is the colored print pattern in the form of a dot print pattern 20 applied with the individual pressure points. The print pattern has the same grid shape, namely a hexagonal dot grid as an embossed grid 11 . 12 on and the embossing grid 11 . 12 as well as the printing grid 20 are in the top view arrow A of 1 with their grid axes X, Y arranged parallel to each other. The print pattern appears according to the configuration of the lenticular tips 20 enlarged in the individual pressure points and the pressure points move with a correspondingly changing viewing direction in the top view onto the embossed upper side of the base film 10 , base film 10 including the embossing and print pattern form the decorative film 1 with 3-D effect.

The decorative film is used to further vary the 3-D effect 1 , like in the 3 shown, provided with a print pattern with pressure points, partial areas, as motif fields 60 designated, with a dot print screen 20 ' that have a different screen ruling than the dot print screen 20 of the remaining partial areas of the print pattern. Due to the different screen rulings 20 . 20 ' the print pattern on the bottom in the area of the motif fields 60 and the rest of the background field of the base film 10 the print dots of the print samples appear 20 . 60 in supervision of the base film 10 in different magnifications and at different speeds of the movement of the visible pressure points with a corresponding change in the viewing angle on the top of the base film 10 , In the 6 is the top view of a decorative film, designed according to the principle of 3 , shown. On the top of the decorative film 1 or base film 10 is the fine embossed structure 11 . 12 recognizable. On the underside of the decorative film 1 is the print pattern 20 printed as a background pattern with a dot print pattern of 26 L / cm in blue color, for example, in a hexagonal arrangement of the pressure dots 20 with the axes X, Y. In the partial areas 60 , here in triangle form, also as motif fields 60 is the print pattern 20 ' on the back of the base film 10 applied with a dot print screen with a screen size of 24 L / cm, also the print dots in blue color. The screening is also hexagonal and has the same axes X, Y as the background screening of the print pattern 20 and also parallel to the embossing grid 11 . 12 , Due to the different raster widths of the printed samples printed on the underside of the base film 20 and 20 ' the corresponding pressure points appear enlarged in the top view shown due to the embossed structure of the top of the base film 10 , magnified differently. The reproduction is a two-dimensional reproduction, so that no change in the pressure points appears when the viewing angle is changed. However, this is the case with the original decorative film with a 3-D effect, where the dots migrate, and at different speeds the dots of the print pattern 20 in terms of the dots of the print pattern 20 ' ,

Another variation of the 3-D effect of the decorative film according to the invention is, for example, according to the scheme of 4 thereby possible that on the underside of the base film 10 Immediate motifs 600 in full-color printing, ie without screening the print samples 20 . 20 ' printed, but with a transparent translucent color. Then the bottom of the base film, which is partially printed with motifs 10 a print pattern 20 . 20 ' with pressure dots in a grid arrangement, but different grid widths applied, as with 3 explained. The arrangement of the motif fields that are differently rastered from the background is preferred 60 congruent with the printed motifs 600 , This emphasizes the 3-D effect, as shown for example in the image from above 7 on such a decorative film 1 can be seen. It is the one here same screening of the print pattern as in the previous 6 described with two grid of points 20 . 20 ' different screen rulings applied, but is first according to the motif fields 60 a motif print 600 first printed on the underside of the base film in a transparent color, also as a triangle, for example in green with blue dots on 20 . 20 ' , In this way, the motif fields are highlighted in color.

In the 8th is a decorative film with a 3-D effect according to the basic structure of 4 shown, whereby again, as already with 6 and 7 explained, first on the underside of the base film motifs 600 , here fishes, seahorses in a full color print, ie without a dot screen and then the print pattern with dot print screen, as a background screen 20 with a different grid size than the dot grid 20 ' in the motif fields 60 and the motives 600 assigned dot print pattern. Both the embossed structure on the top of the base film 10 as well as the print patterns with dot print screen 20 respectively. 20 ' different screen rulings on the underside of the base film 10 have a hexagonal arrangement of the dots, the axes X, Y of the printing screen and the embossing screen running parallel to one another. The pressure points of the grid of the motif fields also appear here 60 in a different magnification according to the different screen ruling than the other print points of the background field of the print pattern 20 , which enhances the 3-D effect.

In the 5 is a further development of the decorative film 1 shown, with a cover layer following the print pattern and / or a motif print (not shown) on the back 30 , for example, can be applied in white coloring. Then or directly on the print samples 20 . 20 ' can be a self-adhesive layer 40 and a removable protective film 50 be provided. Such a decorative film 1 according to 5 can be used for example as a self-adhesive film in many areas for decoration.

The in the 6 . 7 . 8th Illustrations of decorative films shown are in their dimensions as for the base film 10 according to 1 explained explained.

According to the method for producing a decorative film with a 3-D effect, for example 3 and 6 is schematically in the 9 shown. A base film 10 , for example made of soft PVC by calendering, is a pair of rollers with an embossing roller 101 and a counter roller 101 fed and when pulling through the nip on the top with the embossed structure 11 . 12 Mistake. This is already the case with the 1 explained embossed structure with lenticular convex domes 11 and bridges 12 that effect the magnifying effect as a magnifying glass. Then the base film embossed on the top side 10 directly on an anilox roller 104 with counter roller 104a fed, by means of the anilox roller 104 a print pattern 20 . 20 ' on the underside of the base film 10 is applied with a printing ink in a dot matrix.

The anilox roller 104 , also referred to as a point roller, has, for example, that in the 10 schematically shown raster training for the print pattern in the form of depressions for the dot raster 20 . 20 ' and with the subfields for the motif fields 60 on, the different screen widths corresponding to the different hatching being shown schematically. The second grid 20 ' represents the subject field 60 within the remaining so-called background field.

According to 9 is obtained after passing through the base film 10 along the anilox roller 104 the decorative film 1 according to 3 or as they are in the view 6 is shown in an illustration.

To reinforce the 3-D effect, an additional motif print in full-tone printing technology can be applied directly to the underside of the base film and only then the print pattern in the dot matrix, see the schematic production sequence according to 11 , After the embossing roller 101 a motif print roller closes 103 with counter roller 103a with the help of those on the underside of the base film 10 a motive 600 is printed in full tone. Only then does the anilox roller close 104 with counter pressure roller 104a , as in 9 described. The motif printing roller 103 , please refer 12 , has motifs, for example 600 ' for printing on, which are congruent to the motif fields 60 the anilox roller 104 according to 10 are trained. With a method and arrangement according to 11 can make decorative films with 3-D effect as shown in the illustration 7 be generated. In addition, it is of course possible to use the underside of the decorative film 1 according to 9 and 11 with another top layer of printing ink, a lighter one than the colors of the printed sample.

In the event that the print pattern on the bottom of the base film 10 with two different grids and corresponding fields should also have different colors of the pressure points, an arrangement as in the 13 schematically suggested. For this, two anilox rollers 104 I and 104 II provided with corresponding counter-rollers, which, as in the 14 shown, each only a part of the print pattern, namely a grid 20 respectively. 20 ' have the background field on the one hand and the motif field on the other 60 forms so that these two grids and fields with different colors on the bottom of the base film 10 can be printed.

The 3-D effect is only achieved with the help of the anilox rollers with the print patterns created with the anilox rollers with corresponding pressure points 20 . 20 ' reached.

Claims (16)

Decorative film with 3-D effect, including a transparent one translucent Base film made of thermoplastic, with the visible side of the Decorative foil serving the top of the foil an embossed structure in the form of a geometric Point embossed screen with a variety of lenticular or pyramid-shaped designed crests and on the underside of the base film applied a colored print pattern in the form of a dot print screen is and for the embossing grid and the print screen has the same screen shape, thereby characterized that the embossed screen and the printing screen is designed with screen sizes that differ from one another and the print pattern from two or more dot print rasters are different Grid widths are built and the embossing grid and the printing grid when viewed from the top of the base film arranged parallel to each other on the axes of their grid shape are. Decorative film according to claim 1, characterized in that in the printed pattern on the underside of the base film Motif fields are designed in such a way that the motif fields opposite the remaining area of the print pattern, which form a background field, with a dot print screen with a raster width deviating from the raster width of the dot print raster of the print pattern are trained. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that that on the underside of the base film before printing on the print pattern and / or then a motif print with motifs of translucent and / or opaque color is applied. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the Motif fields provided with a dot print screen are congruent with the printed motifs of transparent color are arranged. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on a cover layer covering the print pattern on the underside of the base film is applied. Decorative film according to claim 5, characterized in that the Top layer contains a colorant, so that the Top layer has a lighter color than the color of the printed samples. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the bottom of the base film after the print pattern or Cover layer a self-adhesive adhesive layer with removable protective film is applied. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that a Base film with a thickness of 100 to 1000 μm is used and the embossing depth the embossed structure on the top is 5 to 50% of the thickness of the base film and the minimum distance (a) between the base points of neighboring crests less than 15, preferably less than 10% of the diameter of the tips is. Decorative film according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Mounds of the embossed structure on the top of the base film a diameter at the base of 50 to 500 μm exhibit. Process for producing a decorative film with a 3-D effect according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which a transparent translucent base film from a thermoplastic and made by one of a embossing roller and a nip formed nip and thereby open their top with a geometric embossed structure from a variety of lenticular or pyramidal Ridges are provided in grid form and the base film on their Bottom over at least one anilox roller with a dot printing screen for application a printing ink and provided with a print pattern in the form of a dot print screen is characterized in that the print pattern of two or more dot print screens of different screen widths built is and the embossing grid the embossing roller and the printing screen (s) of the anilox rollers have the same screen shape with one another have different screen rulings, and the print screen in the Top view of the base film viewed parallel to the Embossing grid on the base film is applied so that the axes of the printing screen and the embossing grid run parallel to each other. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that a Anilox roller with a print pattern that consists of partial areas of Dot print grids with different screen rulings is used becomes. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that two Anilox rollers in succession for printing on one printing ink each be used on the underside of the base film, the anilox rollers complementary to each other subareas each have the same grid shape, but this is characterized by distinguish different screen rulings. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the base film between the embossing roller and the first anilox roller for printing the print pattern from at least one motif printing roller for printing a motif a translucent ink on the bottom of the base film. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that that the Base film after applying the print samples over at least one other Ink application roller for applying a light colored top layer led out of a printing ink becomes. Method according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that that the Base film after application of the print samples or after application the top layer is laminated with an adhesive layer. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that a Adhesive layer is used, the outside with a peelable Protective film is covered.